EP3620867A1 - Uhr, die einen mechanischen oszillator umfasst, dessen durchschnittliche frequenz mit der eines elektronischen referenzoszillators synchronisiert ist - Google Patents

Uhr, die einen mechanischen oszillator umfasst, dessen durchschnittliche frequenz mit der eines elektronischen referenzoszillators synchronisiert ist Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3620867A1
EP3620867A1 EP18192469.7A EP18192469A EP3620867A1 EP 3620867 A1 EP3620867 A1 EP 3620867A1 EP 18192469 A EP18192469 A EP 18192469A EP 3620867 A1 EP3620867 A1 EP 3620867A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mechanical
coil
oscillation
oscillator
frequency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18192469.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3620867B1 (de
Inventor
Lionel TOMBEZ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Publication date
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Priority to EP18192469.7A priority Critical patent/EP3620867B1/de
Priority to US16/520,402 priority patent/US11687041B2/en
Priority to JP2019153408A priority patent/JP6951389B2/ja
Priority to CN201910827874.7A priority patent/CN110874049B/zh
Publication of EP3620867A1 publication Critical patent/EP3620867A1/de
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Publication of EP3620867B1 publication Critical patent/EP3620867B1/de
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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C3/00—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means
    • G04C3/04—Electromechanical clocks or watches independent of other time-pieces and in which the movement is maintained by electric means wherein movement is regulated by a balance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C11/00—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks
    • G04C11/08—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks using an electro-magnet or-motor for oscillation correction
    • G04C11/081—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks using an electro-magnet or-motor for oscillation correction using an electro-magnet
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04C—ELECTROMECHANICAL CLOCKS OR WATCHES
    • G04C11/00—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks
    • G04C11/08—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks using an electro-magnet or-motor for oscillation correction
    • G04C11/081—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks using an electro-magnet or-motor for oscillation correction using an electro-magnet
    • G04C11/084—Synchronisation of independently-driven clocks using an electro-magnet or-motor for oscillation correction using an electro-magnet acting on the balance

Definitions

  • a timepiece 2 comprising a mechanical movement 4 which comprises at least one mechanism 12 indicating time data.
  • the mechanism 12 comprises a gear train 16 driven by a barrel 14 (the mechanism is partially shown in the Figure 1 ).
  • the mechanical movement also comprises a mechanical resonator 6, formed by a balance 8 and a hairspring 10, which is arranged on a plate 5 defining a support for the mechanical resonator, and a device for servicing this mechanical resonator which is formed by an exhaust 18, this maintenance device forming with the mechanical resonator a mechanical oscillator which cadences the progress of the indicator mechanism.
  • Timepiece 2 comprises a device 20 for synchronizing the mechanical oscillator, formed by the mechanical resonator 6 and the escapement 18, on a reference time base 22 constituted by an auxiliary oscillator which comprises a quartz resonator 35 and a clock circuit 36 maintaining the quartz resonator and delivering a reference frequency signal S R.
  • the crystal oscillator defines a master oscillator.
  • the reference time base is associated with the control device 24 of the synchronization device to which it supplies the signal S R. It will be noted that other types of auxiliary oscillators can be provided, in particular an oscillator integrated entirely in an electronic circuit with the control circuit.
  • the synchronization device 20 comprises an electromagnetic braking device 26 of the mechanical resonator 6.
  • braking electromagnetic includes a braking of the mechanical resonator generated via an electromagnetic interaction between at least one permanent magnet, carried by the mechanical resonator or a support of this mechanical resonator, and at least one coil carried respectively by the support or the mechanical resonator and associated to an electronic circuit in which a current induced in the coil by the magnet can be generated.
  • the electromagnetic braking device is thus formed of at least one coil 28 and at least one permanent magnet which are arranged so that an induced voltage is generated between the two terminals 28A, 28B of the coil 28 in each alternation of the oscillation of the mechanical resonator for a useful operating range of the mechanical oscillator.
  • a plurality of wafer coils are provided, having between them, taken two by two, an angular offset corresponding to an integer number of magnetic periods (a magnetic period being given by the angular distance of two annular sectors adjacent magnets).
  • These coils thus not presenting an electromagnetic phase shift (that is to say that the phase shifts are integral multiples of 360 °), the voltages induced in these coils each have a time variation identical and simultaneous to the others, so that these induced voltages add up.
  • the plurality of coils can be arranged in series or in parallel. The number of magnetized annular sectors, the number of coils and their characteristic dimensions are selected according to the strength of the electromagnetic interaction desired to allow the desired servo control of the mechanical oscillator.
  • the synchronization device is arranged to be able to temporarily decrease the impedance between the two terminals of the coil.
  • the synchronization device is arranged for determining by means of the reference time base 22 the start of each of the distinct time intervals so as to satisfy the aforementioned mathematical relationship between the time distance D T and the setpoint period T0c.
  • the effects of the two lobes 50 compensate each other and therefore generally do not cause any phase shift in the oscillation of the mechanical resonator, while the braking torque caused by the lobe 52 in each half-wave A1 generates an increase in the duration of the latter, so that the duration of the oscillation period concerned is equal to that of the setpoint period T0c.
  • the instantaneous oscillation frequency is thus equal to the setpoint frequency F0c which is, as indicated, less than the natural frequency F0 of the mechanical oscillator.
  • provision may be made to generate the short-circuit pulses in groups, for example a succession of sequences with four pulses in four periods successive oscillation then no pulse for ten seconds, that is to say for forty periods for a frequency F0c 4 Hz.
  • the synchronization process is robust. For example, it is not necessary that the time intervals T P be measured precisely, that is to say with as much precision as the time distances D T between the beginnings of these time intervals.
  • a timer could be provided with its own timing circuit, less precise than the reference time base 22.
  • the synchronization device further comprises a supply device 44 formed by a rectifier circuit 46 (of the single or double alternation type) and by a storage capacity C AL connected to ground (reference potential of the synchronization device).
  • the rectifier circuit is constantly connected at the input to a terminal of the coil so that apart from the short-circuit pulses it can rectify a voltage induced in the coil 28 by the permanent magnets 30,32. This rectified induced voltage accumulated in the storage capacity is used for the electrical supply of the synchronization device in the useful operating range of the mechanical oscillator.
  • the control circuit 24B of the synchronization device is very simple and autonomous. It consumes little and takes a minimum of energy from the mechanical oscillator to effectively perform the synchronization according to the invention.
  • the first graph indicates the instant t P1 at which a braking pulse P1, respectively P2 is applied to the mechanical resonator considered in order to correct the progress of the mechanism which is clocked by the mechanical oscillator formed by this resonator.
  • the last two graphs respectively show the angular speed (values in radian per second: [rad / s]) and the angular position (values in radian: [rad]) of the oscillating member (hereinafter also 'the pendulum') of the mechanical resonator over time.
  • Each free oscillation period T0 of the mechanical oscillator defines a first alternation A0 1 followed by a second alternation A0 2 each occurring between two extreme positions defining the amplitude of oscillation of this mechanical oscillator, each alternation having an identical duration T0 / 2 and having a passage of the mechanical resonator through its zero position at a median instant.
  • the two successive alternations of an oscillation define two half-periods during which the pendulum undergoes respectively an oscillation movement in one direction and then an oscillation movement in the other direction.
  • an alternation here corresponds to a rocking of the pendulum in one direction or the other direction between its two extreme positions defining the amplitude of oscillation.
  • the braking pulse is triggered after a time interval T A1 following the instant t D1 marking the start of the alternation A1.
  • the duration T A1 is less than half-wave T0 / 4 minus the duration of the braking pulse P1. In the example given, the duration of this braking pulse is much less than a half-wave T0 / 4.
  • the braking frequency is therefore proportional to the reference frequency and determined by this reference frequency, which is supplied by the auxiliary oscillator which is by nature or by construction more precise than the main mechanical oscillator.
  • the braking torque for the first braking pulse is provided here greater than a minimum braking torque to compensate for the advance that the free oscillator takes over a period of oscillation. This has the consequence that the second braking pulse takes place a little before the first within the quarter of the period in which these pulses occur.
  • Curve 106 which gives the instantaneous frequency of the mechanical oscillator, in fact indicates that the instantaneous frequency decreases below the set frequency from the first pulse.
  • the second braking pulse is closer to the preceding extreme position, so that the braking effect increases and so on with the following pulses.
  • the instantaneous frequency of the oscillator therefore gradually decreases and the pulses gradually approach an extreme position of the oscillation.
  • the braking pulses include passing through the extreme position where the speed of the mechanical resonator changes direction and the instantaneous frequency then begins to increase.
  • the Figure 12 represents an oscillation period with the curve S1 of the positions of a mechanical resonator.
  • the natural oscillation frequency F0 of the free mechanical oscillator (without pulses of braking) is greater than the set frequency F0 C (F0> F0 C ).
  • the pulses Imp1a and Imp1b each have a first part whose duration is shorter than that of their second part, so as to exactly correct the difference between the excessively high natural frequency of the oscillator main slave and the setpoint frequency imposed by the master auxiliary oscillator.
  • a first pulse occurs in the second half-wave A2
  • that is the extreme position A m of the oscillation is set on the Imp2a pulses, i.e. the extreme position A m + 1 of the oscillation is set on the Imp2b pulses.
  • the Figures 28A to 28C are similar to Figures 5A to 5C , but for the fourth embodiment.
  • the voltage curve induced at Figures 28A and 28B corresponds to a particular case where the amplitude of oscillation is substantially equal to 180 °.
  • the voltage curve induced in the coil 28C corresponds to the curve shown in the Figure 28C .
  • This last figure relates to a particular case where the natural oscillation frequency F0 of the mechanical oscillator is equal to the set frequency.
  • the amplitude of oscillation of the resonator 6C is slightly greater than that occurring at Figures 28A and 28B where the braking pulses 56, respectively 57 generate more substantial braking.
  • the pulses 50C do not generate a time phase shift in the oscillation of the mechanical resonator, since they have a central symmetry relatively to the time of passage of the resonator 6C through an extreme angular position on the graph of the braking torque. It will be noted that the two parts T B and T A of distinct time intervals T P , intervening respectively on both sides of the instant of passage of the resonator 6C through an extreme angular position, are here equal since the natural frequency is equal to the set frequency. Thus the adjacent half-cycles A2 2 and A1 1 have the same duration.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Electromechanical Clocks (AREA)
EP18192469.7A 2018-09-04 2018-09-04 Uhr, die einen mechanischen oszillator umfasst, dessen durchschnittliche frequenz mit der eines elektronischen referenzoszillators synchronisiert ist Active EP3620867B1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18192469.7A EP3620867B1 (de) 2018-09-04 2018-09-04 Uhr, die einen mechanischen oszillator umfasst, dessen durchschnittliche frequenz mit der eines elektronischen referenzoszillators synchronisiert ist
US16/520,402 US11687041B2 (en) 2018-09-04 2019-07-24 Timepiece comprising a mechanical oscillator wherein the medium frequency is synchronised on that of a reference electronic oscillator
JP2019153408A JP6951389B2 (ja) 2018-09-04 2019-08-26 中間周波数を参照電子発振器の周波数に対して同期する機械式発振器を備える計時器
CN201910827874.7A CN110874049B (zh) 2018-09-04 2019-09-03 包括中频与基准电子振荡器的频率同步的机械振荡器的钟表

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18192469.7A EP3620867B1 (de) 2018-09-04 2018-09-04 Uhr, die einen mechanischen oszillator umfasst, dessen durchschnittliche frequenz mit der eines elektronischen referenzoszillators synchronisiert ist

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3620867A1 true EP3620867A1 (de) 2020-03-11
EP3620867B1 EP3620867B1 (de) 2022-01-05

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EP18192469.7A Active EP3620867B1 (de) 2018-09-04 2018-09-04 Uhr, die einen mechanischen oszillator umfasst, dessen durchschnittliche frequenz mit der eines elektronischen referenzoszillators synchronisiert ist

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US11687041B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3620867B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6951389B2 (de)
CN (1) CN110874049B (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4009119A1 (de) * 2020-12-07 2022-06-08 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Uhrwerk, das einen generator und eine schaltung zur regulierung der drehfrequenz dieses generators umfasst
EP4174586A1 (de) * 2021-10-29 2023-05-03 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Uhreneinheit, die eine armbanduhr und ein uhrzeitkorrektursystem umfasst

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4020100B1 (de) * 2020-12-24 2023-08-16 Montres Breguet S.A. Uhr, die einen drehbaren aussenring umfasst
WO2022176453A1 (ja) 2021-02-17 2022-08-25 シチズン時計株式会社 機械式時計
WO2023176378A1 (ja) * 2022-03-14 2023-09-21 シチズン時計株式会社 機械式時計

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2162404A1 (de) * 1971-12-10 1973-07-20 Dixi Sa
FR2210787A1 (de) * 1972-12-13 1974-07-12 Ebauches Sa
CH597636B5 (de) 1972-11-21 1978-04-14 Ebauches Sa
US20050036405A1 (en) * 2003-01-10 2005-02-17 Asulab S.A. Timepiece having a mechanical movement associated with an electronic regulator
CH709279A2 (fr) * 2014-02-17 2015-08-28 Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd Régulation d'un résonateur d'horlogerie par action sur la rigidité d'un moyen de rappel élastique.

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3618311A (en) * 1970-01-13 1971-11-09 Timex Corp Synchronized horological system
JPS4966161A (de) 1972-10-26 1974-06-26
ES430659A1 (es) * 1973-10-24 1976-11-01 Jauch Un procedimiento y un dispositivo para la sincronizacion deun sistema oscilante accionado por un acumulador mecanico deenergia, en especial de un reloj.
ATE363676T1 (de) 2003-10-01 2007-06-15 Asulab Sa Uhr mit einem mechanischen uhrwerk, das mit einem elektronischen regulator gekoppelt ist
RU2356079C2 (ru) * 2004-10-26 2009-05-20 Таг Хойер Са Регулирующий элемент для наручных часов и часовой механизм, который содержит один такой регулирующий элемент
CH705679B1 (fr) * 2011-10-28 2017-01-31 Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd Circuit d'autorégulation de la fréquence d'oscillation d'un système mécanique oscillant, et dispositif le comprenant.
EP2990885B1 (de) 2013-12-23 2017-07-26 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Mechanisches Uhrwerk mit magnetischem Hemmungsmechanismus
EP3130966B1 (de) 2015-08-11 2018-08-01 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Mechanisches uhrwerk, das mit einem bewegungsrückkopplungssysteme ausgestattet ist
EP3339982B1 (de) * 2016-12-23 2021-08-25 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Regulierung durch mechanisches bremsen eines mechanischen oszillators einer uhr
CH713306B1 (fr) * 2016-12-23 2021-05-31 Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd Ensemble horloger comprenant un oscillateur mécanique associé à un dispositif de régulation de sa fréquence moyenne.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2162404A1 (de) * 1971-12-10 1973-07-20 Dixi Sa
CH597636B5 (de) 1972-11-21 1978-04-14 Ebauches Sa
FR2210787A1 (de) * 1972-12-13 1974-07-12 Ebauches Sa
US20050036405A1 (en) * 2003-01-10 2005-02-17 Asulab S.A. Timepiece having a mechanical movement associated with an electronic regulator
CH709279A2 (fr) * 2014-02-17 2015-08-28 Swatch Group Res & Dev Ltd Régulation d'un résonateur d'horlogerie par action sur la rigidité d'un moyen de rappel élastique.

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4009119A1 (de) * 2020-12-07 2022-06-08 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Uhrwerk, das einen generator und eine schaltung zur regulierung der drehfrequenz dieses generators umfasst
US11815857B2 (en) 2020-12-07 2023-11-14 The Swatch Group Research And Development Ltd Horological movement provided with a generator and a circuit for regulating the frequency of rotation of this generator
EP4174586A1 (de) * 2021-10-29 2023-05-03 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Uhreneinheit, die eine armbanduhr und ein uhrzeitkorrektursystem umfasst
CN116068872A (zh) * 2021-10-29 2023-05-05 斯沃奇集团研究及开发有限公司 包括表和用于校正时间的系统的时计组件

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP6951389B2 (ja) 2021-10-20
US20200073331A1 (en) 2020-03-05
CN110874049A (zh) 2020-03-10
US11687041B2 (en) 2023-06-27
JP2020038206A (ja) 2020-03-12
CN110874049B (zh) 2021-06-01
EP3620867B1 (de) 2022-01-05

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