EP3612573A1 - Synthese en continu de copolymere d'ethylene et de butadiene - Google Patents
Synthese en continu de copolymere d'ethylene et de butadieneInfo
- Publication number
- EP3612573A1 EP3612573A1 EP18719978.1A EP18719978A EP3612573A1 EP 3612573 A1 EP3612573 A1 EP 3612573A1 EP 18719978 A EP18719978 A EP 18719978A EP 3612573 A1 EP3612573 A1 EP 3612573A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ethylene
- reactor
- butadiene
- units
- process according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/02—Ethene
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for continuously synthesizing ethylene and butadiene copolymers.
- the present invention also relates to a process for the continuous synthesis of copolymers for which the microstructure is controlled and homogeneous all along the copolymer chain.
- Copolymers based on ethylene and conjugated diene have properties of interest for pneumatic application according to the characteristics of the targeted materials, as described for example in patent applications WO 2014/082919 A1 or WO 2014/1 14607 A1.
- copolymers Another advantage of these copolymers is the use of ethylene which is a current monomer and available on the market, and accessible by fossil or biological route.
- copolymers Another advantage of these copolymers is the presence of ethylene units along the polymer backbone, which units are much less sensitive to oxidative or thermooxidative degradation mechanisms, which gives the materials a better stability and longer life.
- the invention is particularly concerned with the synthesis of copolymers based on ethylene and butadiene also comprising transi, 2-cyclohexane units.
- Copolymers based on ethylene and butadiene comprising cyclohexane units are for example described in applications WO 2004/35639, EP 1 829 901 and WO 2004/035639.
- the copolymers obtained by the processes described in these applications have not only a concentration gradient in ethylene units, in butadiene units but also in transi, 2-cyclohexane units.
- Such discontinuous or semi-continuous polymerization processes are methods of great flexibility and easily adaptable.
- this type of process is perfectly suited to slow reactions as is the case for the copolymerization of ethylene and butadiene.
- discontinuous or semi-continuous polymerization processes have the disadvantage of being unproductive because of downtime or downtime (charging time, discharge time, cleaning time), and more sensitive to variations by compared to the nominal market so less robust in terms of product quality. Such methods are therefore less economical for large-scale industrial production for pneumatic application.
- the invention relates to a process for the continuous synthesis of copolymers of ethylene and butadiene also comprising transi, 2-cyclohexane units.
- the various units that can be found in these copolymers are ethylene units, butadiene units and transi, 2-cyclohexane units.
- the invention relates to a process for synthesizing a copolymer of ethylene and butadiene, characterized in that the process is continuous and comprises the following concomitant steps
- At. Feeding at least one stirred polymerization reactor with a mixture of ethylene, butadiene, hydrocarbon solvent and catalytic system allowing the formation of transi, 2-cyclohexane cyclic units in the polymer chain with a molar ratio of ethylene to sum of ethylene and butadiene monomers, defined by QnE / (QnE + QnB), with QnE the molar flow rate of ethylene and QnB the molar flow rate of butadiene, ranging from 0.5 to 0.99; the concentration of ethylene and butadiene monomers in the polymerization reaction medium being at least 10% by weight relative to the total weight; the operating pressure of the reactor is greater than or equal to the saturation vapor pressure of the polymerization reaction medium; b.
- this copolymer comprises, statistically distributed, ethylene units, butadiene units, transi, 2-cyclohexane units, the molar fraction of ethylene units in said copolymer being equal to or greater than 50% , relative to the total number of moles of ethylene, butadiene and trans-1, 2-cyclohexane units
- the molar ratio of ethylene, (QnE / (QnE + QnB)) advantageously varies from 0.70 to 0.99.
- the ratio of mass flow rate of monomers and of the mixture defined by (QmE + QmB) / (Qm total), with QmE the mass flow rate of ethylene and QmB the mass flow rate of butadiene and Qm total mass flow rate of the mixture, varies advantageously. from 0.15 to 0.95, advantageously said mass flow ratio of monomers and the mixture is constant.
- the residence time per polymerization reactor is advantageously less than 120 min, more preferably the residence time is between 15 min and 40 min.
- N reactors where N varies from 2 to less than 10, are connected in series and
- the first reactor (reactor 1) is fed with ethylene, butadiene, solvent and catalyst system, respecting the molar ratio of ethylene and the mass flow ratio defined above and its output feeds the next reactor;
- the last reactor (reactor N) is fed from the reactor which precedes it (reactor N-1), and its output feeds the polymer recovery step;
- Each reactor between the first and the last (when N is greater than 2), is fed by the output of the reactor which precedes (reactor N-1) and its output feeds the reactor that follows (reactor N + 1).
- Each reactor, after the first, is advantageously also supplied with an ethylene butadiene booster stream so that the monomer concentration is identical to each reactor inlet.
- the concentration of ethylene and butadiene monomers in the polymerization reaction medium is advantageously at least 15% by weight relative to the total weight, more preferably at least 20% by weight.
- the polymerization temperature is between 50 ° C. and 90 ° C. In another variant, the polymerization temperature is greater than or equal to 90 ° C and the concentration of ethylene and butadiene monomers in the polymerization reaction medium is at least 15% by weight relative to the total weight.
- the polymerization reactor is a liquid monophasic reactor.
- the operating pressure of the reactor is advantageously at least 5 bars higher than the saturated vapor pressure of the mixture supplied to the polymerization reactor.
- the polymerization reactor is a bi-phasic gas / liquid reactor.
- the operating pressure of the reactor is equal to the saturating vapor pressure of the mixture.
- the hydrocarbon solvent is chosen from C 2 to C 30 alkanes, C 4 to C 3 branched alkanes, C 5 -C 6 cyclic alkanes, C 6 -C 3 8 branched cyclic alkanes, and solvents. C 6 -C 3 aromatic compounds and mixtures of these products.
- the catalytic system is advantageously as described below.
- the microstructure of the copolymer obtained by the process according to the invention is homogeneous and thus the molar concentration in each of the units is constant all along the copolymer chain.
- the mole fraction of ethylene units varies from 50 mol% to 95 mol%, relative to the total number of moles of ethylene, butadiene and transi, 2-cyclohexane units.
- the mole fraction of frans-1, 2-cyclohexane units is less than or equal to 6%, relative to the number of total moles of ethylene, butadiene and transi, 2-cyclohexane units.
- the copolymer obtained has a degree of crystallinity of less than 20%, advantageously less than 10%.
- any range of values designated by the expression "between a and b" represents the range of values from more than a to less than b (i.e., terminals a and b excluded) while any range of values designated by the expression “from a to b” means the range from a to b (i.e., including the strict limits a and b).
- Any range of values designated by the expression “from a to less than b” means the range of values from a to less than b (that is to say including the strict limit a and excluding terminal b) .
- ethylene unit denotes the units of formula - (CH 2 -CH 2 ) -.
- trans-1, 2-cyclohexane unit denotes the units of formula:
- the concentration is identical or almost identical to
- “almost identical” means, within the meaning of the present invention, a variation of less than 2 mol%.
- the mass and molar flows correspond to the flows upstream of the reactor.
- the expression "constant temperature” means a temperature variation of less than 5 ° C. within the reactor.
- the term "constant" pressure means a pressure variation of less than 0.5 bar.
- constant concentrations of ethylene and butadiene means, within the meaning of the present invention, variations of less than 0.1 mol / l.
- the expression "monomer concentration” is intended to mean the concentration of ethylene and butadiene monomers in the reaction medium.
- 2A molar percentage of the units derived from ethylene (E), from butadiene (B) and cyclic (C) as a function of the mole percentage of ethylene introduced (percentage relative to the molar amounts of monomer) for a continuous process or semi-continuous and for a reactor pressure of 8.5 bar.
- 2B molar percentage of the units derived from ethylene (E), derived from butadiene (B) and cyclic (C) as a function of the mole percentage of ethylene introduced (percentage relative to the molar amounts of monomer) for a continuous process or semi-continuous and for a reactor pressure of 70 bar.
- the invention relates to a process for the synthesis of a copolymer of ethylene and butadiene, characterized in that the process is continuous and comprises the following concomitant steps: at. Feeding at least one stirred polymerization reactor with a mixture of ethylene, butadiene, hydrocarbon solvent and catalytic system allowing the formation of frans-1, 2-cyclohexane cyclic units in the polymer chain with a molar ratio of ethylene on the sum of the monomers ethylene and butadiene defined by
- this copolymer comprises, statistically distributed, ethylene units, butadiene units, frans-1, 2-cyclohexane units, the mole fraction of ethylene units in said copolymer being equal to or greater than 50%, relative to the number of total moles of ethylene, butadiene and trans-1, 2-cyclohexane units.
- hydrocarbon solvent serves as a means of transporting the catalytic species and the copolymer formed.
- hydrocarbon solvents examples include C 2 -C 3 alkanes, C 4 -C 30 branched alkanes, C 5 -C 6 cyclic alkanes and C 6 -C 3 branched cyclic alkanes. aromatic solvents C 6 -C 3 o and mixtures thereof.
- Catalyst System The copolymerization of ethylene and butadiene is advantageously catalyzed by a catalytic system comprising at least one metallocene.
- the catalytic system advantageously comprises at least two constituents, on the one hand a metallocene corresponding to formula (I): [PCCp'XCp ⁇ Met] (I)
- Met being a group comprising:
- At least one monovalent ligand belonging to the group of halogens such as chlorine, iodine, bromine or fluorine, to the group of amides, alkyls or borohydrides,
- P being a group, based on at least one silicon or carbon atom, bridging the two groups Cp 1 and Cp 2
- Cp 1 and Cp 2 are identical to each other or different from each other
- Cp 1 and Cp 2 are identical to each other, they are chosen from indenyls substituted in the 2-position, such as 2-methylindene, 2-phenylindene, among fluorenyls, substituted or unsubstituted, such as fluorenyl, 2 7-ditertiobutyl-fluorenyl, 3,6-ditertiobutyl-fluorenyl,
- Cp 1 is chosen from fluorenyls, substituted or unsubstituted, such as fluorenyl, 2,7-ditertiobutyl-fluorenyl, 3,6-ditertiobutyl-fluorenyl
- Cp 2 is selected from 2 and 5-substituted cyclopentadienyls, such as tetramethylcyclopentadiene, among 2-substituted indenyls, such as 2-methylindene, 2-phenylindene, among substituted fluorenyls, such as 2,7-di-tert-butyltinyl, fluorenyl, 3,6-ditertiobutylfluorenyl.
- a co-catalyst is an alkyl magnesium, an alkyl lithium, an alkyl aluminum, a Grignard reagent, or a mixture of these constituents.
- substituted cyclopentadienyl, fluorenyl and indenyl groups mention may be made of those substituted by alkyl radicals having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or by aryl radicals having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the choice of radicals is also oriented by accessibility to the corresponding molecules that are cyclopentadienes, fluorenes and substituted indenes, because these are commercially available or easily synthesizable.
- the 2 (or 5) position refers to the position of the carbon atom which is adjacent to the carbon atom to which the bridging group P is attached, as shown in FIG. the diagram below.
- cyclopentadienyl group substituted at the 2 & 5 position there may be mentioned more particularly the tetramethylcyclopentadienyl group.
- the 2-position designates the position of the carbon atom which is adjacent to the carbon atom to which the bridging group P is attached, as shown in the diagram below.
- 2-substituted indenyl groups there may be mentioned more particularly 2-methylindenyl, 2-phenylindenyl.
- substituted fluorenyl groups there may be mentioned more particularly the 2,7-ditertiobutyl-fluorenyl and 3,6-ditertiobutyl-fluorenyl groups.
- the positions 2, 3, 6 and 7 respectively designate the position of the carbon atoms of the rings as represented in the diagram below, the position 9 corresponding to the carbon atom to which the bridging group P is attached.
- the metallocene is a metallocene of lanthanide.
- the lanthanide metallocene is chosen from the compounds [Me 2 Si (Flu) 2 Nd (BH 4 ) 2 Li (THF)], [Me 2 Si (Flu) 2 Nd (BH 4 ) (THF)], [Me 2 Si (2-Melnd) 2 Nd (BH 4 )], [Me 2 Si (C 5 Me 4 ) (Flu) Nd (BH 4 )], [Me 2 Si (2-Melnd) (Flu) Nd (BH 4 )] and the co-catalyst is selected from dialkylmagnesians such as butylmethylmagnesium or butyloctylmagnesium.
- the preparation of the catalytic system solution is a delicate step since this type of catalytic system does not tolerate the presence of air or protic products such as water or alcohols.
- the preparation is carried out with the purified and / or recycled polymerization solvent of the process.
- the catalytic system may comprise other constituents, chosen from ethers, aliphatic solvents, or other compounds known to those skilled in the art and compatible with such catalytic systems.
- the complete continuous solution polymerization process generally comprises three major steps:
- Step 1 Preparation step
- Step 2 polymerization step
- Step 3 polymer recovery step
- Step 1 Preparation step
- Step 1 The objective of Step 1 is to:
- the monomers that is to say ethylene and butadiene, and the solvent to be purified come from the external feed of the process and advantageously recycled from step 3.
- the techniques for purifying the monomers and solvent depend on the nature of the impurities and their content. By way of example, and without limitation, we can mention that distillation or chemical adsorption techniques can be envisaged for the purification of the monomers or solvent.
- Step 2 polymerization step
- the stirred reactor is fed continuously with solvent, catalytic system, ethylene and butadiene.
- the catalytic system is advantageously introduced continuously into the polymerization reactor by a flow different from that of the monomers.
- the reactor is fed with solvent comprising butadiene and saturated with ethylene, on the one hand, and solvent comprising the catalytic system, on the other hand.
- solvent comprising butadiene and saturated with ethylene
- solvent comprising the catalytic system
- the molar ratio of ethylene to the monomers is specified by those skilled in the art to achieve the composition of the desired copolymer.
- the molar ratio of ethylene to the monomers (QnE / (QnE + QnB)) is kept constant.
- the reactor or reactors downstream of the first reactor are fed by the outlet of the preceding reactor.
- an additional supply of monomers may be provided so that the molar ratio of ethylene to the monomers is identical to each reactor inlet.
- the molar ratio of ethylene to the monomers is advantageously identical for each reactor.
- the ratio of mass flow rates of monomers (ethylene and butadiene) with the mass flow rate of solution (monomers, solvent and catalytic system) imposes a saturation pressure value which itself impacts the microstructure.
- This mass flow ratio is also specified beforehand by those skilled in the art.
- the saturation pressure can be calculated beforehand by a person skilled in the art as a function of the temperature of the reactor and the composition of the reactor feed.
- the concentration of monomers in the feed stream is kept constant.
- the reactor or reactors downstream of the first reactor are fed by the outlet of the preceding reactor.
- an additional supply of monomers, and optionally solvent may be provided so that the ratio of mass flow rates (QmE + QmB) / (Qmtotal), and thus the concentration of monomers, is identical to each reactor inlet. .
- the concentration of monomers is advantageously identical and constant.
- the ratio mass flow ratio (QmE + QmB) / (Qmtotal) is advantageously identical for each reactor.
- the molar ratio of ethylene on the monomers and the concentration of the monomers are constant.
- a molar ratio of ethylene to monomers constant and a constant concentration of monomers allow access to copolymers of ethylene and butadiene for which the microstructure is controlled and homogeneous all along the copolymer chain.
- a concentration of ethylene and butadiene monomers in the polymerization reaction medium of at least 10% by weight relative to the total weight makes it possible to increase the copolymerization speed and thus a productivity gain necessary for the copolymerization to be compatible with with a continuous polymerization process.
- the concentration in the reaction medium corresponds to the concentration at the reactor outlet.
- the total weight is the weight of the reaction medium, that is to say in particular the solvent, the monomers, the catalyst system and the polymer formed.
- the concentration of ethylene and butadiene monomers in the polymerization reaction medium is advantageously at least 15% by weight relative to the total weight, more preferably at least 20% by weight relative to the total weight, even more advantageously to at least 30% by weight relative to the total weight.
- the concentration of ethylene and butadiene monomers in the polymerization reaction medium advantageously varies from 15% by weight to 95% by weight, more preferably from 20% by weight to 90% by weight, relative to the total weight, even more advantageously. from 30% by weight to 90% by weight, relative to the total weight.
- the average residence time in the reactor makes it possible to define the liquid flow rate of the feed solution for a given reaction volume.
- the average residence time is advantageously between 10 to 100 minutes, more preferably between 15 and 40 minutes.
- the average residence time is calculated by the volume ratio of the reaction medium in the reactor and the volume flow rate in feed.
- the operating pressure of the reactor is advantageously between 1 bar and 200 bar, more advantageously between 1 and 100 bar. In some embodiments, the operating pressure of the reactor is between 1 bar and 50 bar. The pressure is such that it allows the presence of at least one liquid phase in the reactor.
- the operating pressure of the reactor is advantageously kept constant.
- the reactor comprises a single liquid phase. In another embodiment, the reactor comprises a liquid phase and a gas phase. Depending on the presence or absence of a gas phase, as explained below, the operating pressure of the reactor is greater than or equal to the saturation vapor pressure at the temperature defined for the polymerization.
- the composition of the monomers in the reaction medium is limited by the liquid-vapor equilibrium.
- the saturated vapor pressure of the reaction medium In the case of a liquid monophasic reactor, the reactor pressure must be greater than the saturated vapor pressure of the feed to ensure that the reaction mixture remains completely liquid. In the case of a biphasic gas / liquid reactor, the reactor pressure must be equal to the saturated vapor pressure of the reaction mixture to ensure the presence of gas.
- the saturation vapor pressure can be calculated by any means known to those skilled in the art, for example using the Peng-Robinson thermodynamic model.
- the polymerization temperature is advantageously greater than 50 ° C.
- the polymerization temperature is of course lower than the decomposition temperature of the copolymer.
- the polymerization temperature is advantageously between 50 ° C. and 200 ° C.
- the polymerization temperature is advantageously kept constant. Any means known to those skilled in the art can be used for this purpose. For example, we can quote the heat exchanger inside the reactor, outside, by control of the supply temperature.
- the polymerization temperature is between 50 ° C and 90 ° C. In this first embodiment, the temperature is advantageously kept constant.
- This first embodiment makes it possible to limit the risks of a secondary reaction, in particular the ⁇ - ⁇ elimination reaction.
- the concentration of ethylene and butadiene monomers in the polymerization reaction medium is at least 10% by weight relative to the total weight in order to ensure a productivity gain necessary for the copolymerization to be compatible with a continuous polymerization process.
- the concentration of ethylene and butadiene monomers in the polymerization reaction medium is advantageously at least 15% by weight relative to the total weight, more preferably at least 20% by weight relative to the total weight. more advantageously at least 30% by weight relative to the total weight.
- the polymerization temperature is greater than or equal to 90 ° C, preferably up to 200 ° C.
- the concentration of ethylene and butadiene monomers in the polymerization reaction medium is at least 15% by weight relative to the total weight.
- the concentration of ethylene and butadiene monomers in the polymerization reaction medium is more advantageously at least 20% by weight relative to the total weight, still more advantageously at least 30% by weight relative to the total weight.
- the reactors are advantageously provided with stirring means. Indeed, sufficient agitation ensures a good level of mixing and thus avoid dead zones or segregation of the reaction medium.
- reactors it is preferable to use reactors to hold and control at least 15 bars of pressure, preferably at least 200 bars of pressure.
- reactors with an effective temperature control device.
- a double jacket an internal condenser in the gas phase, a heat exchanger in the liquid phase, a cooler in the outer loop of gas recirculation.
- One or more reactors can be used, in series or in parallel.
- At least 2 stirred reactors are connected in series.
- the number of reactors in series may be greater than 2, and preferably less than 10 reactors in series, preferably less than 5 reactors.
- the first reactor (reactor 1) is fed with monomers (ethylene, butadiene), solvent and catalyst system, respecting the molar ratio of ethylene and the ratio of mass flow rates defined above and its output feeds the next reactor;
- monomers ethylene, butadiene
- solvent and catalyst system respecting the molar ratio of ethylene and the ratio of mass flow rates defined above and its output feeds the next reactor;
- reactor N The last reactor (reactor N) is fed from the reactor which precedes it (reactor N-1), and its output feeds the polymer recovery step described later;
- Each reactor between the first and last (when N is greater than 2), is fed by the output of the reactor which precedes (reactor N-1) and its output feeds the reactor that follows (reactor N + 1).
- the concentration of ethylene and butadiene monomers in the polymerization reaction medium is at least 10% by weight relative to the total weight.
- an addition of monomers, and if necessary solvent can be done in the feed of the first succeeding reactors, so that the monomer composition in the feed of each reactor after the first reactor is equal to the monomer composition of the first reactor.
- the molar ratio of ethylene on monomers and the mass flow ratio of monomers are as defined above and are constant from one reactor to another.
- the polymerization reactor is a liquid monophasic reactor; that is to say a reactor filled with the polymerization solution, without a gas phase.
- the operating pressure of the reactor is greater than the saturation vapor pressure of the reaction medium at the temperature defined for the polymerization.
- the monomer injection flow rate and the reactor outlet flow rate are controlled so that the operating pressure is at least 5 bar higher than the saturating vapor pressure at the temperature defined for the polymerization.
- the reactor pressure can also be managed by any conventional means known to those skilled in the art. For example, an outlet valve that generates enough pressure drop so that the reactor pressure remains at the desired level.
- reaction medium is liquid and / or supercritical. These two states are considered to correspond to a liquid monophasic reactor.
- • tds, in h is the average residence time in the reactor.
- the average residence time is calculated by the ratio of the reactor volume to the feed volume flow rate.
- the polymerization reactor is a biphasic gas / liquid reactor; that is to say a reactor comprising the polymerization solution, which constitutes the liquid phase, and a gas phase.
- the operating pressure of the reactor is equal to the saturated vapor pressure of the reaction medium at the temperature defined for the polymerization.
- the monomer injection flow rate and the reactor outlet flow rate are controlled so that the operating pressure is equal to the saturating vapor pressure at the temperature defined for the polymerization.
- the reactor pressure can also be managed by any conventional means known to those skilled in the art. For example, an outlet valve that generates enough pressure drop so that the reactor pressure remains at the desired level.
- reaction medium is liquid and / or supercritical. These two states are considered to correspond to a biphasic gas / liquid reactor.
- this operating mode in the presence of a gas phase makes it possible: to favor heat exchanges if the reactor is equipped with an internal or external condenser;
- the gas phase may comprise an inert gas, such as nitrogen.
- an inert gas such as nitrogen.
- tds average residence time
- a continuous reactor has at least one input and at least one output that are systematically open.
- the reactor outlet must be sufficiently far from the inlet to avoid preferential path problems.
- the reactor inlet and outlet are at a maximum distance.
- the outlet is of course placed in contact with the liquid phase.
- the effluent from the stirred reactor is sent to the polymer recovery step.
- the process according to the invention also has the advantage of having a simple feed system making it possible to improve the control of the composition of the reaction medium, as opposed to the complex feeding system of the semi-continuous reactor for managing the composition. of the reaction medium described in the patent application FR15 / 62573 (unpublished).
- the method according to the invention also has the advantage of being sufficiently productive to be used at the industrial level.
- the process according to the invention is very productive when it is used at a temperature greater than 90 ° C. for a concentration of ethylene and butadiene monomers in the polymerization reaction medium of at least 15% by weight per relative to the total weight.
- m EBR is the mass of polymer formed in a reactor or series of reactors
- mmetaiiocene is the metallocene mass of the catalyst used to make the m EBR in a reactor or series of reactors;
- PM (C) is the molecular weight of the metallocene of the catalyst.
- FIG. 1 A schematic of the copolymerization process is shown in FIG.
- the stirred reactor 1 is fed continuously with a solution 2 comprising the solvent and the catalytic system and with a solution 3 comprising the solvent saturated with ethylene and butadiene.
- This solution 3 is obtained by mixing ethylene 31 and a solution 32 comprising the solvent, the butadiene and the monomers (ethylene, butadiene) recycled from step three (recovery of the polymer).
- the output of the reactor 1 feeds a second reactor 10. Additional feed of ethylene 11 and butadiene + solvent 12 may be provided. In this case the feeds are homogenized to introduce into the reactor a solution 14 comprising the solvent saturated with ethylene. Several reactors in series can be provided. At the outlet of the last reactor, a solution 4 comprising the copolymer is recovered.
- Step 3) consists of:
- step 1) recover the solvent and the unconverted monomers and recycle all or part of them in step 1) if purification is necessary or wholly or partly in step 2) if purification is not necessary.
- the flash which consists of devolatilizing the solvent and the unconverted monomers from the polymer by thermal effect or by the effect of a reduction of the pressure or both. Often this technique is present after step 2) or decantation;
- ⁇ Stripping which consists in separating the solvent and unconverted monomers from the polymer by the presence of a third inert body such as nitrogen, steam. This step can be coupled with a thermal effect to improve the recovery of the polymer. Often, this technique is present after the devolatilization by flash;
- spin drying which consists in pressing elastomer particles to extract the liquid constituents contained inside the elastomer particles. Often, this technique is present after a stripping step;
- Extrusion / flash which consists of compressing the polymer at high pressures and at sufficiently high temperatures to subsequently flash a flash. This makes it possible to devolatilize virtually all the solvent residues and unconverted monomers. Often, this technique is present after a spin step or the flash step Drying with a fluid, preferably hot, which removes solvent residues and unconverted monomers in the polymer. Often, this technique is present after a spinning step or the flash step;
- the recovery of the polymer from the polymer solution is by:
- step 1) Stripping with water vapor to obtain the polymer with a hydrocarbon content (solvents and unconverted monomers) of less than 5% by weight, preferably less than 1% by weight.
- the gas stream rich in solvent, unconverted monomers and water vapor is sent to step 1) to be purified by decantation, distillation and / or chemical adsorption.
- the polymer stream after this step is composed of water and water-soaked polymer particles and less than 1% by weight of hydrocarbons.
- the process thus allows the synthesis of copolymers of ethylene and butadiene, this copolymer comprising, statistically distributed, ethylene units, butadiene units, frans-1, 2-cyclohexane units, the molar fraction of ethylene units in said copolymer being equal to or greater than 50%, relative to the total number of moles of ethylene, butadiene and frans-1, 2-cyclohexane units.
- the mole fraction of ethylene units, relative to the total number of moles of ethylene, butadiene and frans-1, 2-cyclohexane units is advantageously 50 mol%.
- the mole fraction of butadiene units, relative to the number of total moles of ethylene, butadiene and trans-1, 2-cyclohexane units, in said copolymer is less than 50 mol%.
- the mole fraction of butadiene units advantageously varies from 1% to 30% by mole, relative to the number of total moles of ethylene, butadiene and trans-1, 2-cyclohexane units.
- the copolymers according to the invention are such that they comprise trans-1, 2 cyclohexane units, derived from an insertion of butadiene and ethylene, with a mole fraction greater than 0% and, again more preferential, equal to or greater than 1%, and up to 6%, based on the number of total moles of ethylene, butadiene and trans-1, 2-cyclohexane units.
- the mole fraction of the trans-1, 2-cyclohexane units is advantageously greater than 0% and less than or equal to 6%, relative to the total number of moles of ethylene, butadiene and trans-1 units. 2-cyclohexane.
- concentration in each of the units will be able to be determined in advance depending on the nature of the catalyst system chosen and the operating conditions (molar ratio and mass flow ratio defined above).
- the concentration of ethylene units, butadiene units, and trans-1, 2-cyclohexane units is identical or almost identical all along the copolymer chain.
- the copolymer obtained by the process according to the invention is thus advantageously of homogeneous microstructure.
- a copolymer is of homogeneous microstructure when for each of these units, at each instant of polymerization, the concentrations in the chain are identical or almost identical. Thus, for each of these units, at a given instant, the concentration is identical or almost identical to its concentration at the instant just before and after, and thus at any time of the copolymerization.
- the molar concentration in each of these units is constant all along the chain of the copolymer.
- the concentration in ethylene units, butadiene units and trans-1, 2-cyclohexane units is identical or almost identical in each segment.
- a sequence of 10 units may be a representative number.
- over-concentration is not observed in one of these units, particularly at the beginning or the end of the chain.
- the microstructure is free or significantly free of compositional gradient.
- the control of the microstructure of the copolymer makes it possible to access copolymers having low levels of crystallinity even though the molar concentration in ethylene units is very important.
- the ethylene-butadiene copolymer obtained by the process according to the invention has a crystallinity of less than 25%, more preferably less than 20%, even more advantageously less than 15% and even more advantageously less than 10%.
- the copolymers of ethylene and butadiene according to the invention have a mass Mn ranging from 1,000 g / mol to 1,500,000 g / mol, more preferably from 60
- the copolymers according to the invention have a polymolecularity index which is less than 3.
- the polymolecularity indices Ip were determined in the present application by chromatography. steric exclusion (SEC technique described before the examples).
- the copolymers according to the invention preferably have a glass transition temperature Tg which is below 25 ° C. More specifically, these copolymers may for example have a temperature Tg between -45 ° C and -20 ° C.
- copolymers obtained by the process according to the invention are advantageously elastomers.
- the aforementioned features of the present invention, as well as others, will be better understood on reading the following description of several embodiments of the invention, given for illustrative and non-limiting in connection with the attached annexes.
- This series of columns, placed in an enclosure thermostated at 45 ° C, is composed of:
- the detection was carried out using a "Waters 410" refractometer.
- the SEC allows to apprehend the distribution of the molecular masses of a polymer.
- the molar masses were determined in 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene. They were first dissolved hot (4 h at 150 ° C.) and then injected at 150 ° C. with a flow rate of 1 ml. min "1 in a" Waters Alliance GPCV 2000 "chromatograph equipped with three" Styragel “columns (2 columns” HT6E “and 1 column” HT2 ").
- the detection was carried out using a "Waters" refractometer.
- the degree of crystallinity is measured by comparing the enthalpy of fusion observed in the case of RBEs. This endothermic phenomenon is observed during the thermogram analysis of the DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) measurement. The measurement is made by going-back scanning from -150 ° C. to 200 ° C. under an inert atmosphere (helium) with a ramp of 20 ° C./min.
- the signal corresponding to the endothermic phenomenon (fusion) is integrated and the rate of crystallinity is the ratio between the measured enthalpy and that of the perfectly crystalline polyethylene (290J / g)
- the glass transition temperature, Tg is measured in the present application by the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) technique on a "Setaram DSC 131" naming device.
- the temperature program used corresponds to a rise in temperature from -120 ° C. to 150 ° C. at a rate of 10 ° C./min. Reference may be made to the method described in application WO 2007/054224 (page 11).
- the productivity is expressed in gram of copolymer per gram of metallocene of the catalytic system.
- Catalyst system 1, 4x 1 ⁇ -4 mol of metallocene and 3, 1 x 1 ⁇ -4 mol of co-catalyst
- Example 2 Effect of the temperature on ⁇ as a function of the concentration of monomers in the reaction medium
- Catalyst system 1, 4x 1 -4 mol of metallocene and 3, 1 x 1 -4 mol of co-catalyst
- the polymerization conditions of ethylene and butadiene according to the invention imply that the concentration of each of the two monomers in the reaction medium remains constant. This is the case of the semi-continuous process of patent application FR15 / 62573 and of the present invention.
- Patterns c is the molar percentage of cyclic units in the chain
- [E], [B] are the concentrations of ethylene, butadiene mol / L
- This mathematical model makes it possible to predict the distribution of the ethylene, butadiene and 1,2-cyclohexane units of an elastomer produced according to the invention as a function of the constants k1 to k5 and the molar composition of ethylene and butadiene in the liquid phase. .
- FIGS. 2A and 2B show that in terms of microstructure, the copolymer obtained by the continuous process according to the invention has the same microstructure as the copolymer obtained by the semi-continuous process of patent application FR15 / 62573 (unpublished) the relative concentrations involved being identical in both cases, whether the reactor pressure is 8.5 bar (FIG. 2A) or 70 bar (FIG. 2B).
- the simulated downtimes vary between 20 and 60 minutes.
- Semi-continuous reactors have downtime or dead time with respect to the polymerization (charging time, discharge time, cleaning time). These times penalize the productivity of the process.
- tm is the stopping time of the semi-continuous reactor. This tm is always greater than 0 and usually at least 20min.
- Figure 3 shows that the continuous process is always more productive than the semi-continuous process.
- Catalyst system 1, 4x1 ⁇ -4 mol of metallocene and 3, 1 x1 ⁇ -4 mol of co-catalyst
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1753357A FR3065215A1 (fr) | 2017-04-18 | 2017-04-18 | Synthese en continu de copolymere d'ethylene et de butadiene |
PCT/FR2018/050947 WO2018193194A1 (fr) | 2017-04-18 | 2018-04-16 | Synthese en continu de copolymere d'ethylene et de butadiene |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3612573A1 true EP3612573A1 (fr) | 2020-02-26 |
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ID=59325439
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP18719978.1A Pending EP3612573A1 (fr) | 2017-04-18 | 2018-04-16 | Synthese en continu de copolymere d'ethylene et de butadiene |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11136422B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3612573A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3065215A1 (fr) |
SG (1) | SG11201908972PA (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2018193194A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR3129397B1 (fr) | 2021-11-22 | 2023-11-10 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc |
FR3129398A1 (fr) | 2021-11-22 | 2023-05-26 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Composition de caoutchouc |
FR3129400B1 (fr) | 2021-11-22 | 2023-11-10 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc |
FR3129396B1 (fr) | 2021-11-22 | 2023-11-10 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc |
FR3129401B1 (fr) | 2021-11-22 | 2023-11-10 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc |
FR3129399B1 (fr) | 2021-11-22 | 2023-11-10 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc |
FR3136768B1 (fr) | 2022-06-20 | 2024-05-31 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc diénique comportant une microsilice. |
FR3143035A1 (fr) | 2022-12-08 | 2024-06-14 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Composition de caoutchouc |
FR3143032A1 (fr) | 2022-12-08 | 2024-06-14 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Composite pour article de caoutchouc |
FR3143033A1 (fr) | 2022-12-12 | 2024-06-14 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Pneumatique pour véhicule portant de lourdes charges |
FR3143034A1 (fr) | 2022-12-13 | 2024-06-14 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Composition de caoutchouc |
FR3144145A1 (fr) | 2022-12-21 | 2024-06-28 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Compositions elastomeriques comprenant un noir de carbone de pyrolyse |
WO2024167619A1 (fr) | 2023-02-08 | 2024-08-15 | ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company | Catalyseurs pour copolymérisations |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1562573A (fr) | 1968-04-29 | 1969-04-04 | ||
US3910862A (en) | 1970-01-30 | 1975-10-07 | Gaf Corp | Copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidone containing quarternary ammonium groups |
GB1423016A (en) | 1972-12-20 | 1976-01-28 | Snam Progetti | Mono-olefin-conjugated diene copolymerisation using a ternary catalyst system |
DE2917403A1 (de) * | 1979-04-28 | 1980-11-06 | Bayer Ag | Polybutadien/ alpha -olefin-copolymere |
IN172494B (fr) | 1986-12-19 | 1993-09-04 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc | |
FR2799468B1 (fr) | 1999-10-12 | 2006-04-28 | Michelin Soc Tech | Systeme catalytique utilisable pour la copolymerisation de l'ethylene et d'un diene conjugue, procede de preparation de ce systeme catalytique et d'un copolymere d'ethylene et d'un diene conjugue |
CN101045770A (zh) * | 2002-10-16 | 2007-10-03 | 米其林技术公司 | 用于合成乙烯和丁二烯共聚物的催化体系 |
FR2893029B1 (fr) * | 2005-11-09 | 2009-01-16 | Michelin Soc Tech | Complexe metallocene borohydrure d'un lanthanide, systeme catalytique l'incorporant, procede de polymerisation l'utilisant et copolymere ethylene/butadiene obtenu par ce procede |
FR2893028B1 (fr) | 2005-11-09 | 2008-02-15 | Michelin Soc Tech | Complexe metallocene borohydrure d'un lanthanide, systeme catalytique l'incorporant, procede de polymerisation l'utilisant et copolymere ethylene/butadiene obtenu par ce procede |
FR2998574B1 (fr) | 2012-11-29 | 2015-01-16 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc comprenant un elastomere dienique fortement sature |
FR3001223B1 (fr) | 2013-01-22 | 2015-03-06 | Michelin & Cie | Composition de caoutchouc comprenant un elastomere dienique fortement sature |
FR3045612B1 (fr) | 2015-12-17 | 2017-12-15 | Michelin & Cie | Copolymere d'ethylene et de butadiene de microstructure homogene |
-
2017
- 2017-04-18 FR FR1753357A patent/FR3065215A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
-
2018
- 2018-04-16 EP EP18719978.1A patent/EP3612573A1/fr active Pending
- 2018-04-16 US US16/605,958 patent/US11136422B2/en active Active
- 2018-04-16 WO PCT/FR2018/050947 patent/WO2018193194A1/fr unknown
- 2018-04-16 SG SG11201908972P patent/SG11201908972PA/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US11136422B2 (en) | 2021-10-05 |
SG11201908972PA (en) | 2019-11-28 |
US20200131288A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 |
WO2018193194A1 (fr) | 2018-10-25 |
FR3065215A1 (fr) | 2018-10-19 |
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