EP3607306A1 - Appareil de mélange homogénéisé de gaz - Google Patents

Appareil de mélange homogénéisé de gaz

Info

Publication number
EP3607306A1
EP3607306A1 EP18709932.0A EP18709932A EP3607306A1 EP 3607306 A1 EP3607306 A1 EP 3607306A1 EP 18709932 A EP18709932 A EP 18709932A EP 3607306 A1 EP3607306 A1 EP 3607306A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluids
conduit
passage
reaction zone
outer conduit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18709932.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tejas Deepak DUBE
Jörg Gottschald
Erich Wombacher
Marc Winter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Emerson Process Management GmbH and Co OHG
Original Assignee
Emerson Process Management GmbH and Co OHG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Emerson Process Management GmbH and Co OHG filed Critical Emerson Process Management GmbH and Co OHG
Publication of EP3607306A1 publication Critical patent/EP3607306A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/76—Chemiluminescence; Bioluminescence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
    • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of gas mixers.
  • Chemiluminescence is the phenomenon of emission of light during a chemical reaction. This phenomenon is used in detection of certain compounds in a sample gas.
  • a chemiluminescence detector (CLD) is a device that utilizes the principle of chemiluminescence for detection and measurement of nitric oxide (NO) concentration in a sample gas.
  • the CLD has a reaction chamber which allows nitric oxide NO in the sample gas to react with ozone (0 3 ) to form nitrogen dioxide in excited state (N0 2 *). When NO2* returns to ground state, it emits photons. The photons produced are detected by a photo detector which is an indication of NO presence in the sample gas.
  • a conventional CLD has separate or spaced apart gas inlets for ozone and sample gas.
  • the sample gas and the ozone react in a reaction chamber in a chemiluminescent reaction which produces light. If the mixture of ozone and sample gas is not homogeneous, it results in less conversion of NO to NO2, thus resulting in loss of light. Also if the mixture travel is not at the center of the detector and short, it results in short-circuiting of flow and quenching of light, again resulting in loss of light. Any loss of light is not desired as it causes the photo detector to indicate incorrect values associated with the NO concentration within the sample gas. Also, if the mixture is not homogenous and centric, the measured signal from the photo detector will not be linear and will be highly dependent of the flow rate of the ozone stream.
  • An object of the present disclosure is to ameliorate one or more problems of the prior art or to at least provide a useful alternative.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for homogenized mixing of gases, travelling at the center of the photo detector, which is to be used with a chemiluminescence detector.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus that facilitates homogeneous mixing and centric flow of the gases in the CLD to avoid any loss of photons caused due to improper mixing, short circuiting of the flow of the gases, and quenching of light in the CLD.
  • the present disclosure envisages an apparatus for homogenizing two fluids.
  • the apparatus comprises an outer conduit, and an inner conduit, passing through the outer conduit.
  • a first passage is defined through the inner conduit for the passage of one fluid of the two fluids.
  • An inner wall of the outer conduit is spaced apart from an outer wall of the inner conduit to define a second passage for the passage of the second fluid of the two fluids.
  • the outer conduit defines a bottom end, and the inner conduit defines a first outlet recessed from the bottom end.
  • a reaction zone is defined in the recess between the bottom end and the first outlet for introducing the two fluids from the first passage and the second passage, for homogenization.
  • the outer conduit and the inner conduit are coaxial. In another embodiment, the first passage and the second passage are coaxial.
  • the apparatus includes an exhaust port for exhaustion of the fluids from the reaction zone after homogenization.
  • the inner conduit and the outer conduit are of stainless steel, and the inner wall of the outer conduit and the outer wall of the inner conduit are polished.
  • the first outlet is positioned in proximity to a photo-detector for detecting photons produced in the reaction zone by the reaction of a sample fluid containing nitrous oxide passing through the first passage and ozone passing through the second passage.
  • the present disclosure also envisages a process of homogenizing two fluids.
  • the process involves introducing the two fluids into a reaction zone formed by recessing an outlet of an inner conduit, through which one of the two fluids is introduced into the reaction zone, from an outer conduit through which the inner conduit is made to traverse, the second fluid of the two fluids being led, into the reaction zone, through an annular space between an outer wall of the inner conduit and an inner wall of the outer conduit.
  • FIG. 1 A illustrates a schematic view of a homogenizing apparatus being used with a photo-detector, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. IB illustrates a schematic view of a reactor unit used in a homogenizing apparatus, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a graph depicting variation of sensor output of the chemiluminescence detector corresponding to varying ozone flow rate
  • Fig. 3A and Fig. 3B illustrate a graph depicting the variation of the photo-detector output for various mass flow rates of the sample gas and air/ozone.
  • CLD chemiluminescence detector
  • the conventional CLD has separate gas inlets for ozone and the sample gas.
  • the gases enter the reaction chamber through the separated/spaced apart gas inlets and before entering the reaction chamber, they are not premixed.
  • the sample gas and the ozone react in the reaction chamber, thereby producing nitrogen dioxide in excited state (N0 2 *). When NO2* returns to ground state, it emits photons. This light producing reaction is very rapid. If the mixture of ozone and sample gas is not homogeneous, it results in an incomplete chemiluminescent reaction resulting in less conversion of NO to NO2, thus resulting in the loss of light. Also, if the mixture travel is not at the center of the detector, it results in short-circuiting of the flow and quenching of light again resulting in loss of light.
  • any loss of light is not desired as it causes the photo detector to give an incorrect indication of the NO content present in the sample gas, and the measured NO-signal from the CLD will not be linear.
  • the reaction of the NO with the O3 has to have a complete conversation rate.
  • the present disclosure envisages a homogenizing apparatus for use with a CLD which facilitates the formation of homogeneous mixture of the sample gas and ozone traveling at the center of the detector and avoids loss of any photon reception by the photo detector by facilitating a substantially complete chemiluminescent reaction.
  • a homogenizing apparatus for use with a CLD which facilitates the formation of homogeneous mixture of the sample gas and ozone traveling at the center of the detector and avoids loss of any photon reception by the photo detector by facilitating a substantially complete chemiluminescent reaction.
  • the gas mix stays always in the center of the detector independent of the ozone flow rate. Therefore, the CLD signal is independent of the ozone flowrate, which is a major advantage over conventional CLDs.
  • the homogenizing apparatus 100 for use with a CLD 100A (hereinafter also referred to as a photo-detector) is hereinafter described with reference to Fig. 1A and Fig. IB.
  • the apparatus 100 for homogenizing two fluids in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, comprises an outer conduit 102, and an inner conduit 104, passing through the outer conduit 102.
  • a first passage 104 A is defined through the inner conduit 104 for the passage of one fluid of the two fluids.
  • An inner wall 102' of the outer conduit 102 is spaced apart from an outer wall 104' of the inner conduit 104 to define a second passage 102A for the passage of the second fluid of the two fluids.
  • the outer conduit defines a bottom end 102B, and the inner conduit defines a first outlet 104B recessed from the bottom end 102B.
  • a reaction zone 106 is defined in the recess between the bottom end 102B and the first outlet 104B for introducing the two fluids from the first passage 104A and the second passage 102A, for homogenization.
  • the outer conduit 102 and the inner conduit 104 are coaxial.
  • the first passage 104 A and the second passage 102 A are coaxial.
  • the inner conduit 104 and the outer conduit 102 are of stainless steel, and the inner wall 102' of the outer conduit 102 and the outer wall 104' of the inner conduit 104 are polished to allow smooth passage of one of the two gases therethrough.
  • the apparatus 100 includes at least one exhaust port 108 for exhaustion of the fluids from the reaction zone 106 after homogenization. More specifically, the chemiluminescent reaction occurs within the reaction zone 106 subsequent to the homogenizing of the two gases, wherein the sample gas of which the NO content is be calculated is fed into the reaction zone 106 via the inner conduit 104, while the ozone gas required for the chemiluminescent reaction is supplied via the outer conduit 102. After the chemiluminescent reaction, the mixture of gases present in the reaction zone 106 is exhausted via the exhaust ports 108.
  • the apparatus 100 has two exhaust ports 108 configured orthogonal to a longitudinal axis of the apparatus 100.
  • the exhaust ports 108 are configured on diametrically opposite location defined on the outer conduit and are inclined with respect to a longitudinal axis of the apparatus 100 at an angle ranging from 10° to 170°.
  • the outer conduit 102 has two inlets 110 configured at diametrically opposite locations on the outer conduit.
  • the two inlets 110 are inclined with respect to a longitudinal axis of the apparatus 100 at an angle ranging from 10° to 170°.
  • the bottom end 102B of the apparatus 100 is positioned in proximity to a photo-detector 200 for detecting photons produced in the reaction zone 106 by the reaction of a sample fluid containing nitric oxide, which is one of the two fluids, passing through the first passage 104A and ozone, which is the second fluid of the two fluids, passing through the second passage 102A.
  • the outer conduit 102 defines a second outlet 102C that facilitates the introduction of the ozone gas into the reaction zone 106.
  • the difference in the levels of the first outlet 104B and the second outlet 102C facilitates the formation of a mixing zone 112 within the outer conduit 102.
  • the swirling motion of the ozone gas introduced into the outer conduit 102 facilitates pre-mixing of the sample gas from the inner conduit 104 and the ozone within the mixing zone.
  • the maximum distance between the level of the first outlet 104B and the second outlet 102C is 1.5 mm, i.e., the height of the mixing zone 112 is 1.5mm.
  • the minimum distance between the bottom end 102B and the second outlet 102C is 5 mm.
  • the ratio of the distance between the first outlet 104B and the bottom end 102B, and the distance between the second outlet 102C and the first outlet 104B ranges from 2 to 4.
  • the present disclosure also envisages a process of homogenizing two fluids.
  • the process involves introducing the two fluids into the reaction zone 106 formed by recessing the outlet 104B of the inner conduit 104, through which one of the two fluids is introduced into the reaction zone 106, from the outer conduit 102 through which the inner conduit 104 is made to traverse.
  • the second fluid of the two fluids is led into the reaction zone 106 through an annular space between the outer wall 104' of the inner conduit 104 and an inner wall 102' of the outer conduit 102.
  • each of the fluids of the two fluids may be a single fluid or a mixture of fluids.
  • each of the fluids is pre-pressurized before introduction into the first and second passages.
  • the range of sample gas flow through the inner conduit 104 ranges from 40 to 180 ml/min
  • the range of ozone flow through the at least one inlet 110 configured on the outer conduit 102 ranges from 400 to 1200 ml/min. This is to facilitate a substantially complete chemiluminescent reaction between the sample gas and ozone.
  • equal quantities of ozone which is the second fluid of the two fluids, are supplied to the reaction zone 106 via the two inlets 110 to facilitate the mixture of the sample gas and the ozone to travel at the center of the reaction zone 106 to facilitate the substantially complete chemiluminescent reaction and the ozone flow independency.
  • a substantially complete chemiluminescent reaction taking place centrally over a photo-detecting element 202, prevents the loss of photons generated during the chemiluminescent reaction. Therefore, the number of photons received and detected by a photo- detecting element 202 of the photo-detector 200 is not compromised, as was the case with the conventional inlet apparatus of the photo-detectors. Since, the number of the photons detected by the photo-detecting element 202 is not compromised; the apparatus 100 of the present disclosure facilitates a provision of substantially error- free value of the NO present in the sample gas and can measure up to 10000 ppm NO.
  • the reaction zone 106 has a tapered configuration that facilitates fitment of the apparatus 100 on a standard sized photo-detector 200, wherein the largest diameter of the reaction zone 106 at the operative bottom end is same as that of the photo-detector 200.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a graph sensor output of the chemiluminescence detector corresponding to varying ozone flow rate.
  • the ozone flow is varied from lOOOml/min to 200ml/min for a stable sample gas flow of lOOml/min and 5000ppm NO.
  • the variation in the flow-rate of the ozone does not have an effect on the output of the photo-detector of the chemiluminescence detector and the output signal is linear.
  • the unstable signal of the photo-detector at an ozone flow rate lower than 400ml/min is due to the insufficient ozone concentration in the reaction chamber. It is not an indication of bad mixing.
  • Fig. 3A and Fig. 3B illustrate the photo-detector output for various mass flow rates of the sample gas and ozone.
  • Fig. 3A shows the raw measurement
  • Fig. 3B shows the analysis and summary. This measurement shows, additionally to the measurements in Fig. 2, the ozone flow independency of the CLD signal at different sample flow rates. This shows that the gas mix of ozone and sample gas stays always in the center of the reaction zone 106, which is a major improvement to conventional photo-detectors.
  • • is to be used with a chemiluminescence detector; and • facilitates homogeneous mixing of the gases at the inlet of the CLD to avoid any loss of photons caused due to improper mixing of the gases at the inlet of the CLD independent of the ozone flow rate.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By The Use Of Chemical Reactions (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne le domaine du génie mécanique. En particulier, la présente invention concerne un appareil destiné au mélange homogénéisé de gaz, à utiliser avec un détecteur chimioluminescent (CLD) comprenant un conduit externe (102), un conduit interne (104) traversant ledit conduit externe (102), un premier passage (104) défini à travers ledit conduit interne (102) pour le passage d'un fluide parmi lesdits deux fluides, une paroi interne (102') dudit conduit externe (102) étant espacée d'une paroi externe (104') dudit conduit interne (104) en vue de définir un second passage (102A) destiné au passage du second fluide desdits deux fluides, ledit conduit externe (102) définissant une extrémité inférieure (102B), ledit conduit interne (104) définissant une première sortie (104B) en retrait à partir de ladite extrémité inférieure ( 102B). Une zone de réaction (106) est définie dans l'évidement entre ladite première sortie (104B) et une extrémité inférieure (102B) pour introduire les deux fluides à partir dudit premier passage (104A) et dudit second passage (102A), à des fins d'homogénéisation. L'avancement technique de l'appareil d'homogénéisation de la présente invention est qu'il facilite le mélange homogène des gaz et permet au mélange de se déplacer au centre du détecteur du CLD afin d'éviter toute perte de photons provoquée par un mélange incorrect, court-circuitant les gaz et éteignant la lumière dans le CLD.
EP18709932.0A 2017-04-06 2018-02-09 Appareil de mélange homogénéisé de gaz Withdrawn EP3607306A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IN201721012465 2017-04-06
PCT/EP2018/053297 WO2018184756A1 (fr) 2017-04-06 2018-02-09 Appareil de mélange homogénéisé de gaz

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3607306A1 true EP3607306A1 (fr) 2020-02-12

Family

ID=61616944

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18709932.0A Withdrawn EP3607306A1 (fr) 2017-04-06 2018-02-09 Appareil de mélange homogénéisé de gaz

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3607306A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN110462384A (fr)
WO (1) WO2018184756A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5239856A (en) * 1988-11-21 1993-08-31 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Apparatus for producing standard gas mixtures
FR2667397B1 (fr) * 1990-10-02 1992-10-30 Air Liquide Procede et dispositif de fourniture de gaz a un analyseur a tres haute sensibilite.
JP3104383B2 (ja) * 1992-02-27 2000-10-30 株式会社島津製作所 化学発光式濃度測定装置
US9192901B2 (en) * 2010-05-25 2015-11-24 Ucl Business Plc Co-current mixer, apparatus, reactor and method for precipitating nanoparticles

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Publication number Publication date
WO2018184756A1 (fr) 2018-10-11
CN110462384A (zh) 2019-11-15

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