EP3595995A1

EP3595995A1 - Storage area for containers and method for operating a transport vehicle in a storage area of this type

Info

Publication number: EP3595995A1
Application number: EP18712844.2A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Armin Wieschemann; Stefan Aldejohann; Heiko Schulz; Jan-Philipp SCHMIDT-EWIG; Heinz-Christoph EICHNER
Original assignee: Konecranes Global Oy
Current assignee: Konecranes Global Oy
Priority date: 2017-03-15
Filing date: 2018-03-15
Publication date: 2020-01-22
Also published as: CN110446674A; CN110446674B; DE102017105561A1; SG11201908250XA; AU2018235060A1; KR20190126123A; US20200102162A1; WO2018167227A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a storage area (6) for containers (2), comprising at least one storage region (6a) and a gantry crane (8), wherein the storage region (6a) is arranged between two travel paths for the gantry crane, such that the gantry crane can be moved over the storage region on the travel paths, and wherein a transfer region (10, 11) is arranged between the travel paths at an end of the storage region (6a) pointing in the travel direction of the gantry crane, which can be reached by the gantry crane (8) and by a transport vehicle (7, 13) for containers (2), in order to transfer containers (2) into the storage area (6) and out of the storage area (6). In order to improve a storage area (6) of this type, according to the invention, an intermediate region (29) is provided between the transfer region and the storage region; the transfer region and the intermediate region (29) are designed and arranged in such a way that a passage through the transfer region and travel in the intermediate region (29) is possible for a transport vehicle (7, 13), and the travel in the intermediate region is possible before or after the passage through the transfer region.

Description

Warehouse for containers and method for operating a transport vehicle in such a warehouse

The invention relates to a warehouse for containers according to the preamble of claim 1, a warehouse according to the preamble of claim 5 and a method for operating a transport vehicle in such warehouses according to the preamble of claim 12.

From EP 2 637 954 B1 and DE 102 12 590 A1 a bearing in the sense of the preamble of claim 1 is known. The transfer areas of the warehouse

or their transfer tracks are formed as dead ends, including at their the storage area facing longitudinal ends and the long sides

Limitations can be provided, so that after the entrance of a

Transport vehicle in the transfer area and the local stop for a

Container transfer a change of the wheel drive direction is required to leave the transfer area or the transfer track again. So there is a change between forward drive and reverse drive instead, in order to drive in and out of the transfer area at the same point in the transfer area. When used as a transport vehicle tractors with articulated trailer, this requires in particular in the reverse drive consuming driving maneuvers. Since these driving maneuvers described in more detail below with reference to FIG. 3 take place outside the rail pair of the gantry crane belonging to the respective storage area, the traffic there is thereby impaired.

A comparable container storage is also known from DE 199 23 813 A1.

A container warehouse with a gantry crane, the transfer area at one

Longitudinal side of the bearing is arranged, is known from the European patent application EP 1 043 262 A1.

From US 5,769,589 is a rail over rails on a quay

Container bridge known spans the lanes for transport vehicles and a lying on the quay container ship. The invention has for its object to provide improved storage for containers and an improved method for operating a transport vehicle for containers in such camps. This object is achieved by a bearing having the features of claim 1, a bearing having the features of claim 5 and a method having the features of claim 12. In the dependent claims advantageous embodiments of the invention are given. According to the invention, a warehouse for containers, which has at least one storage area and at least one gantry crane, wherein the storage area is arranged between two routes for the gantry crane, so that the gantry crane on the

Driveways can be moved across the storage area, and wherein at a pointing in the direction of travel of the gantry end of the storage area between the driveways a transfer area is arranged, which is accessible from the gantry crane and a transport vehicle for containers to container in the camp on or off to outsource the stock, thereby improving that between the

Transfer area and the storage area an intermediate area is provided, the transfer area and the intermediate area are designed and arranged so that a passage through the transfer area and a ride in the intermediate area is possible for a transport vehicle and the drive in the intermediate area before or after passing through the transfer area possible is.

As a result, the transport vehicle can drive the transfer area by means of particularly simple driving maneuvers and in particular with a constant wheel drive direction in a forward drive. The correspondingly easy driving of the

Transfer area includes both the start or drive into the transfer area as well as the departure or retreating from the transfer area to move away from the transfer area after a transfer or takeover of a container. The entrance or exit in relation to the transfer area is thus always on the

Intermediate region.

The driving maneuvers required in the prior art and described below in connection with FIG. 3 are located outside the roadway Range can be avoided. If for leaving the

Transfer region or for a positioning of the transport vehicle within the transfer area without collision with the intermediate storage in the storage area stacked containers a reverse drive is required, this is straight ahead and in the area between the routes of the gantry crane (see Figure 10). This simplifies the use of automatically guided transport vehicles in handling facilities with a bearing according to the invention. Even with the use of manually guided transport vehicles by relieving the driver of complex driving maneuvers as well as a time savings and thus increased throughput can be realized by any appropriate shunting of the transport vehicle is moved to the intermediate area and thus not outside the area between driveways affected the local traffic. The exit of the transport vehicle from the transfer area must therefore not take place in the same place other than in the cited prior art, but may preferably take place at a location other than the entrance to the transfer area. The different points for the entrance and the exit in this case in particular have no overlap and are preferably but not necessarily arranged at opposite ends of the transfer area. The

opposite ends can in this case, for example, parallel to

Show longitudinal extent of the routes of the gantry crane. The entry and exit at the same point of the transfer area is also conceivable if the

Intermediate area is designed such that within the intermediate area a 180 ° turn described in detail below in forward drive with constant

Wheel drive direction is possible.

Since the intermediate area according to the invention is arranged between the transfer area and the storage area, the transport vehicle is driven through the transfer area and in the intermediate area at least partially in the direction of the storage area, in particular when driving in the intermediate area after a

Passage through the transfer area, or directed away from the storage area, especially when driving in the intermediate area before passing through the transfer area. In this case, the transport vehicle in the sense of crossing without collision with the storage area or with any limitations of Transfer area with constant Radantriebsrichtung forward in the

Transfer area into and further forward through the transfer area

drive through, preferably parallel to the longitudinal extent of the routes of the gantry crane. In other words, the transport vehicle from the

Coming forward, enter the transfer area into the intermediate area or, moving forward from the transfer area, drive completely into the intermediate area. Each transfer area has for this purpose at least one, but preferably several transfer points. Each transfer point is defined in such a way that at least the loading area of the container is located in the transfer area of a transport vehicle held on the transfer point, so that in the sense of a container transfer from the gantry crane a container for removal

or storage can be parked on the transfer area or taken thereof. Accordingly, the transfer area or its transfer point can be reached both by the gantry crane and by the transport vehicle. In order to define the transfer station (s), it is possible, for example by means of a lane marking and / or a barrier and / or a signaling device, in particular a traffic light, for each transfer station

Hold position or a holding area to be defined, on which the transport vehicle must hold, so that it is correctly positioned for a container transfer on the transfer point and thus in the transfer area. The transfer points can also be defined in each case on or in a transfer track, which is

preferably with its longitudinal extent in the direction of the storage area,

preferably parallel to its longitudinal extension or to

Extend longitudinal extent of the routes of the gantry crane between the routes of the gantry crane and adjacent to the intermediate area or go into these. The transfer tracks may be predetermined by road markings or barriers.

Advantageously, a retraction area is provided between the tracks of the gantry by which a transport vehicle approach the intermediate area and this particular can also reach, and / or provided between the routes of the gantry a Ausfahrbereich through which a

Remove transport vehicle from the intermediate region and in this case can also drive out of this particular. In addition, the transfer area is the

Entry area or the extension area assigned. Here is the between the driveways provided retraction area or

Ausfahrbereich between the adjacent and mutually facing ends of the routes, which accordingly on the same side with respect to their

Longitudinal extent, so for example kaiseitig, are arranged. Thus, the retraction area generally serves the transport vehicles to enter the area between the travel paths of a storage area and the exit area to leave the area between the travel distances of a storage area.

The transfer area is thus either the entry area upstream of the intermediate area or the extension area located downstream of the intermediate area. The drive through the retraction area is preferably in the direction of the storage area. The drive through the extension area is preferably directed away from the storage area. This applies in particular if both an entry area and an exit area are provided between the tracks or their ends.

However, it is also conceivable that only one retraction area or one extension area is provided between the tracks or their ends. This may be the case, for example, if the storage area is the outermost storage area of a store in the sense of an edge storage area and whose end forms a corner area of the store with the transfer area and intermediate area arranged there. Here, the transfer area can be approached by a transport vehicle by means of a cornering in the intermediate area, for example with a 90 ° curve. For this purpose, then takes place between the transfer area and the storage area transversely to the longitudinal direction with respect to the intermediate area an entrance into the intermediate area, by at least the outside of the

Portal crane crossed and driven over the track and in particular on the local rail across. At the 90 ° bend then closes between the two driveways the passage through the extension area and the local

Transfer area. In an analogous manner, conversely, the retraction area between the driveways and after passing through the local there

Transfer area to join the 90 ° curve to pass over the outer track away from the extension area and to leave the intermediate area.

Furthermore, it can be advantageously provided that two transfer areas are provided, of which a first transfer area is assigned to the entry area and a second transfer area is assigned to the extension area. When

Transfer area thus serves both upstream of the intermediate area

Entry area as well as the intermediate area downstream extension area. The entry into one of the transfer areas is thus also via the

Intermediate area like the exit from the other transfer area. Here then preferably both the retraction area and the extension area between the tracks or their ends are arranged (see Figures 8 to 10). This is particularly advantageous if, as described in more detail below, the orientation of the container door must be taken into consideration when storing it in the warehouse. Depending on the orientation of the container door on the transport vehicle, then one of the two transfer areas can be selected to turn the container door before transfer to the gantry crane to the storage area or to avert it.

Advantageously, it is also provided that the intermediate area is designed so that for a transport vehicle driving in the intermediate area is possible as cornering, in particular with a 90 ° curve and preferably with a also designated as a U-turn 180 ° curve along a U -shaped route. The cornering that takes place with the same wheel drive direction can also include several sections with alternating curve radii, with straight-ahead journeys being possible between individual sections. Even if

For example, two 90 ° curves in the same direction and a curve is driven straight between them (see, for example, Figures 1 1 and 12), this is therefore considered a 180 ° turn or 180 ° turn in the sense of a U-turn. A U-turn therefore does not necessarily require an uninterrupted semicircular

Cornering. The intermediate area thus serves as a kind of maneuvering area or turning area in which corresponding cornering with a constant wheel drive direction with the above-mentioned advantages can take place before or after passing through the transfer area. For the

Curves or their routes can also lanes are provided and marked, which connect to the retraction and extension area or the local transfer lanes. If the transport vehicle is designed, for example, as a semitrailer, corresponding dimensions are required since such a vehicle can have a turning radius of, for example, about 10 m or more. A corresponding cornering can also already begin in the transfer area (see FIG. 10). According to the invention, a warehouse for containers, which has two adjacent storage areas and at least two gantry cranes, the storage areas are each arranged between two routes for one of the gantry cranes, so that the respective gantry crane on the driveways across the respective storage area can be moved away, and wherein an in the direction of travel of the gantry-facing end of the respective storage area between the driveways each a transfer area is arranged, which is accessible from the respective gantry crane and a transport vehicle for containers to on or offload storage in the warehouse, thereby improving that between the transfer area and the storage area in each case an intermediate area is provided, the transfer area and the intermediate area are designed and arranged such that for a

Transport vehicle a passage through the transfer area and a ride in the intermediate area is possible and the ride in the intermediate area before or after passing through the transfer area is possible. Here are the advantages mentioned above for a warehouse with a storage area accordingly. Preferably, as described in detail below each storage area assigned two gantry cranes, so that in two adjacent storage areas a total of four gantry cranes are provided.

In an advantageous manner, a retraction area is provided between the tracks of the gantry cranes, through which a transport vehicle

Approach intermediate area and this particular can also achieve, and / or it is provided between the routes of the gantry a Ausfahrbereich through which a transport vehicle from the intermediate area and in this case can also drive out of this, and the respective transfer area the retraction area or the Extension area is assigned. Again, the advantages mentioned above for a bearing with a storage area arise accordingly. If one of the intermediate areas upstream of the transfer area and the other intermediate area downstream of the transfer area, which one storage area can be approached, which allows storage with the desired orientation of the container door, as the transfer to the gantry crane if necessary after driving in the intermediate area and there

Cornering for the desired orientation is done. Further advantageously, it can be provided that the intermediate regions are connected to one another such that they form a common intermediate region for the two adjacent storage regions. In this case, it is preferably provided that a transport vehicle reach the common intermediate area through the retraction area, which is assigned to the first intermediate area, and through which

Exit area, which is assigned to the second intermediate area, can leave. As a result, more extensive maneuvers are possible than in a single

Intermediate region. This also makes it possible to set up and use more transfer tracks with transfer points in the two transfer areas, in particular if the transfer areas only ever extend to the exit area or only to the exit area

Retraction area are assigned. This becomes clear, for example, with reference to FIG. 11 described in more detail below. Without the connection of the neighboring ones

Intermediate areas would be a 180 ° turn with a constant wheel drive direction between the single-track entry area and the directly adjacent thereto and the extension area associated transfer station due to the large

Turning circle of the transport vehicle is not possible, so that this transfer point or the corresponding transfer track without connection of the

Intermediate areas could not be assigned to the extension area. In the context of the common intermediate region, provision is made in particular for the common intermediate region to extend over the mutually facing travel paths of the two gantry cranes in an intersection region. The common intermediate area thus partially coincides or intersects with a travel area of the gantry crane.

In a structurally simple manner, it is provided that the retraction area is single track and the extension area multi-track or the retraction area multi-track and the

Single-lane extension area or the retraction area and the extension area are multi-lane. Depending on whether the transfer area the retraction area or the

Assignment area is assigned, the transfer area also has one or more transfer points, which can be assigned to serving as transfer lanes lanes. Accordingly, then so can the

Transfer area be single lane or multi lane. Single and multi-lane entry, exit and transfer areas are explained in more detail with reference to the figures described below. The multi-lane variants have the particular advantage that in each lane at least one transport vehicle before continuing in the

Intermediate area or before driving on lanes that are located outside the area between the routes of the gantry crane, can wait until a corresponding onward journey is possible or released. As a result, in particular the traffic outside the area between routes of the

Portal crane less affected.

Safe operation of the warehouse is achieved by providing a system for

Traffic regulation is provided. This system may include sensors and / or means for access restriction such as signaling devices, traffic lights and / or barriers, as described in more detail below with reference to Figures 9 and 13, the entrance of transport vehicles in the retraction area,

Transfer area, intermediate area or crossing area regulate and their movements with the movements of the gantry crane in and above the

To coordinate intermediate area or in the intersection area to

To prevent collisions between transport vehicles and between transport vehicles and the gantry crane. For example, the crossing area can be released either for the passage of a transport vehicle or the gantry crane. Accordingly, when the passage is cleared for the gantry crane, the crossing area for the transport vehicle is blocked and vice versa. Furthermore, the complete entry of a transport vehicle can be blocked in the intermediate area and in particular in the area for cornering, while the gantry crane transported there a container above the intermediate area. Also, the oncoming traffic in the crossing area of transport vehicles coming in opposite directions from both intermediate areas can be regulated or avoided by means of the system in order to avoid collisions. In addition, a lane can be provided in the crossing area for each of the opposite directions of travel. The capacity of the bearing can be increased by arranging a buffer area between the driveways such that the intermediate area is arranged between the buffer area and the storage area. The area not used for driving maneuvers of the transport vehicles can thus be used as a buffer area for the temporary storage of containers. In a structurally simple way can be provided that above the

Intermediate area a platform is arranged. The platform preferably extends between the transfer area and the storage area, in particular centrally between the transport routes, since above this the gantry crane is moved in order to transport containers across the intermediate area. In the case of a crashing container crashes this on the platform and not in the

Intermediate area, so that the transport vehicles can safely drive in the intermediate area, while at the same time the gantry crane container above the

Intermediate area moves. The platform can also serve as a buffer area for

Interim storage of containers are used.

According to the invention, a method for operating at least one

Transport vehicle for containers in a bearing formed as described above improved by the transport vehicle passes through the transfer area and before or after runs in an intermediate area, which is arranged between the storage area and the transfer area. The transport vehicle in this case runs in particular with a constant wheel drive direction, so that the above-mentioned advantages result in an analogous manner. Such a method is not conceivable for the operation of transport vehicles in the previously described, but also in the embodiments of the embodiments of the bearing described below.

In an advantageous manner, it is also provided that the transport vehicle makes the drive in the intermediate area as cornering, in particular with a 90 ° curve and preferably with a 180 ° curve along a U-shaped route. Such cornering are particularly simple driving maneuvers with consistent

Radantriebsrichtung, which lead to the above advantages. Equally advantageously, it can therefore also be provided that the transport vehicle makes the journey in a common intermediate region of two adjacent storage areas as cornering, in particular with a 90 ° curve and preferably with a 180 ° curve along a U-shaped route. With regard to cornering, the variants already mentioned above are also possible here.

Advantageously, it can also be provided that the transport vehicle traverses one of the travel paths of the gantry crane. In this sense, in the above already described case of a corner region of the bearing of the outer track are crossed in order not to leave the intermediate area by the transfer area or an extension area between the driveways, but by crossing the guideway. A crossing of driveways can also take place during a journey from a first intermediate region into an adjacent second intermediate region. In this case, the mutually facing inner routes of the two adjacent gantry cranes are crossed.

To avoid collisions and thus caused downtime during operation of the warehouse, it can be provided that the traffic is controlled in the warehouse. This applies in particular to traffic, in which several transport vehicles move in the warehouse, as well as the traffic in which at least one transport vehicle and the gantry crane move in the warehouse. Regulated and coordinated in this

Connection as described above with reference to a system suitable for this purpose, for example, the entrance of a transport vehicle in the

Retraction area, transfer area, intermediate area and the crossing area as well as movements of the gantry crane above the intermediate area and above the platform possibly provided there as well as into the crossing area. According to an advantageous use of a bearing or method according to the invention, the transport vehicle is designed as a semitrailer. The semitrailer formed by a tractor with articulated trailer attached thereto, for example, have a turning radius of 10 m or more, so that the intermediate area is to be sized accordingly, in particular to allow cornering at least with a 90 ° curve without collision with the storage area.

Some exemplary embodiments of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the following description. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a handling system for containers,

FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a transport vehicle for containers used in the handling installation from FIG. 1, FIG. 3 shows a schematic plan view of a part of the first cargo handling area a conventional warehouse for conventional transfer areas in a transhipment installation according to FIG. 1 and FIG

FIGS. 4 to 13 are schematic plan views of a bearing according to the invention in the transhipment installation from FIG. 1 with associated inventive elements

Handover areas and methods according to various embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a handling installation 1 for container 2 in a port. Here, at a quay 3 of the port can create ships 4 to deliver container 2 or pick up. For loading

or deleting the ships 4 are provided on the quay 3 gantry cranes 5, which are also referred to as ship-to-shore cranes and whose boom extend on the one hand on the ships 4 and on the other hand on the quay 3. Alternatively, the loading or unloading of the ships 4 can also take place via so-called harbor cranes, the boom of which is pivoted about a vertical axis via the corresponding ship 4. Both the

Container bridges 5 as well as the harbor cranes constitute so-called transhipment devices. The containers 2 can weigh up to 40 t when loaded and have standardized or at least standardized lengths of for example 10, 20, 40, 45, 53 or 60 feet. Here, the container 2 may be designed as ISO container and have normalized corner fittings. The two latter lengths are previously used as non-ISO standardized containers exclusively in North America. In this context, ISO containers are understood as standardized large-capacity or sea freight containers that are used in the international market

Goods traffic are used. However, the containers 2 can also be other standardized or at least standardized carriers such as

Swap bodies, especially swap bodies or swap bodies. As a rule, containers 2 have a container door which at one longitudinal end

or the local narrow side of the container 2 is arranged.

The handling facility 1 is designed as a terminal or port terminal and accordingly surrounded by an example of a fence or wall formed and extending to the edge of the quay 3 boundary 1 a. Thereby the transshipment facility 1 is separated from the external environment and public transport outside the terminal. As an essential part includes the

Transhipment facility 1 within the boundary 1 a a warehouse 6 in which containers 2 can be stored temporarily after being unloaded from the ships 4 and before being loaded onto a road or rail vehicle for further transport outside the transhipment facility 1 or after being delivered therefrom and before they are loaded onto the ships 4. In addition, the cargo handling unit 1 within the boundary 1 a on a water-side first cargo area 1 b with arranged on the quay 3 handling equipment and a thereof separated by the camp 6 landside second cargo area 1 c on.

The bearing 6 has at least one but usually a plurality of

Storage areas 6a with a rectangular base. In each storage area 6a or its stack area container 2 can be parked for intermediate storage and stacked in particular also referred to as stacks stacking. The row-shaped bearing areas 6a extend with their respective longitudinal extent along or parallel to a longitudinal direction L and are in this case aligned parallel to each other and spaced apart by narrow streets. In the storage areas 6 a, the

Container 2 are stacked, the container 2 are also aligned with their longitudinal extent parallel to the longitudinal direction L or longitudinal extent of the respective storage area 6a. This results in a row-shaped and / or grid-like arrangement of the stack within the bearing 6. To manage the bearing 6, that is for storing and retrieving the container in the camp 6 and its storage areas 6a, each storage area 6a at least one as gantry crane. 8 assigned stacked crane assigned. Everyone

Gantry crane 8 can be moved across the respective storage area 6a. For this purpose, the corresponding gantry crane 8 with its horizontally and transversely, in particular at right angles, spans to the longitudinal extent of the storage area 6a

extending crane girder 8a in the associated storage area 6a stacked container 2. The gantry cranes 8 are here as automated stacker cranes

also known as Automated Stacking Crane - in short: ASC. Such gantry cranes 8 are movable by means of their trolleys on and along a pair of driveways, which are preferably in or parallel extend to the longitudinal direction L and between which the corresponding

Storage area 6a is located. The routes each include a rail 9 for the storage area 6a associated gantry crane 8 and define the direction of travel of the gantry crane 8. The rails 9 are not elevated, but for example, in a hallway 17 of the handling facility 1 embedded, so that the driveways approximately at height the floor surface 17 are to be traversed by the transport vehicles described below, at least in some embodiments of the invention can. The lanes between the storage areas 6a can be dimensioned so that, for example, for maintenance and / or repair purposes, a passage of vehicles between two storage areas 6a or between a storage area 6a and the boundary 1 a and thus between the two turnaround areas 1 b, 1 c possible is. The distance between the tracks or rails 9 may be in the streets 6m, if a passage of vehicles should be possible and otherwise, for example, 3m. The distances in the lanes can alternate accordingly, so that at every other lane a passage is possible. The routes or rails 9 of a storage area 6a, for example, about 32m apart from each other when containers 2 can be placed in ten rows next to each other (see Figures 4 to 12). However, these are only exemplary dimensions.

For the transport of containers 2 between the camp 6 and its gantry cranes 8 and arranged on the quay 3 handling equipment as

Heavy goods vehicles trained internal transport vehicles 13 used. The transport vehicles 13 are operated as special vehicles only in-house in corresponding handling facilities 1 and are therefore not designed and approved for public transport. The water side or kaiseitige traffic of the internal transport vehicles 13 within the first

Turnover area 1 b is from the landward traffic within the second

Envelope 1 c separated by the bearing 6. The land-side traffic can take place by means of external transport vehicles 7 approved for public transport, which can travel into and out of the landside second cargo area 1 c only through a passage area 1 d provided in the boundary 1 a. The Passierbereich 1 d can be a security lock for arrival and

Logout including identification of incoming and outgoing

Have transport vehicles 7 and their drivers. The external transport vehicles 7 may be, for example, conventional trained as a tractor trucks. A connection to rail transport is possible in this way in the envelope area 1 c. In order to outsource or store container 2, is in the first envelope area 1 b at the local kaiseitigen or water-side end of each

Storage area 6a, a first transfer area 10 for the internal transport vehicles 13 and at its opposite landside end a second

Transfer area 1 1 arranged for land-based traffic. The transfer areas 10, 1 1 are therefore not at the parallel to the tracks or

Rail 9 extending sides of the storage area 6a arranged, but at the pointing in the direction of travel of the gantry 8 sides or ends of the storage area 6a, which are transverse to that of the travel ways or

Rails 9 defined direction of travel of the gantry crane 8 extend. The abovementioned ends are usually longitudinal ends, since the bearing areas 6a extend differently from the schematic illustration of FIG. 1 longer parallel to the longitudinal direction L than transverse thereto. Each transfer region 10, 11 is hereby arranged between the travel paths or rails 9 of the gantry crane 8 belonging to the respective storage area 6a, in order to be able to reach or remove containers 2 from both the transport vehicles 13 or the shore-side traffic as well as from the gantry crane 8 to be able to. During the to

Storage or delivery taking place or delivery of a container 2 spans the gantry crane 8 with its crane girder 8a the corresponding

Transfer area 10 or 1 1, in which a transport vehicle 13 or a vehicle of the land-side traffic stands for dispensing or receiving a container 2. The transfer areas 10, 11 thus each represent an interface between the warehouse 6 and the shore-side or water-side traffic, which is also referred to as horizontal traffic. FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a transport vehicle 13 used for container 2 in the transhipment installation 1 from FIG. 1. The transport vehicle 13 is designed as a semitrailer tractor, for example, and accordingly comprises a tractor 14, also referred to as a terminal truck, and a trailer articulated thereto in the form of a trailer Semitrailer 15. Such semitrailer tractors have a gross draw weight of up to 200 t in heavy-duty design. Also the Tractor 14 taken alone and without semi-trailer 15 stops

Transport vehicle 13 is.

Trained as an industrial truck transport vehicle 13 is free via wheels 16 on the example of the quay 3 formed floor surface 17 and thus

floor bound, but not rail bound movable. Accordingly, the transport vehicle 13 is to be distinguished from rail vehicles. The wheels 16 are each provided with a tire, preferably one filled with air

Rubber tires in terms of tires is. In addition, the transport vehicle 13 comprises a travel drive with at least one motor designed as an electric motor and a transmission in order to drive the wheels 16 thereabove. The engine and the transmission are not shown for clarity. Basically, an internal combustion engine is conceivable instead of an electric motor. The wheels 16 are arranged in the usual way on two axes 18 a, 18 b in the region of the tractor 14. If the transport vehicle 13 is designed as a semitrailer, wheels 16 are also arranged on at least one further third axis 18 c on the unpowered semi-trailer 15. In principle, it is also possible to provide other axle numbers and axle arrangements with a corresponding number of wheels 16, if this is technically necessary.

The transport vehicle 13 or its tractor 14 comprises a chassis 19, on which the wheels 16 are mounted on the front first axis 18a and the rear second axis 18b. Moreover, in the rear area of the

Chassis 19 a fifth wheel 20 arranged, which is part of a fifth wheel. The fifth wheel plate 20 can be raised and lowered by means of a hydraulic drive, so that the tractor 14 activates the semi-trailer 15

can independently engage or disengage. The hydraulic stroke of the fifth wheel plate 20 makes it possible to raise fifth wheel loads up to 45 l. Also, a different coupling and uncoupling of the semi-trailer 15 without hydraulic Hubmöglichkeit is conceivable, for example by a manually operable coupling mechanism. The

Saddle plate 20 may also be designed such a hinge that no regular separation of tractor 14 and semi-trailer 15 is provided and thus

Tractor 14 and semi-trailer 15 permanently connects to a fixed unit in the form of a semitrailer. In addition, the chassis 19 carries a battery 21, which feeds the electric motors or the traction drive of the transport vehicle 13 and with this is moved. The battery 21 is preferably formed as a rechargeable lithium-ion battery or as a lead battery and above the chassis 19 or below it, for example, between the two axes 18 a, 18 b arranged to allow easy replacement with a charged battery 21. Alternatively, an additional battery 21 for feeding the traction drive can be arranged on the semi-trailer 15 and for this purpose be electrically connected to the traction drive.

Furthermore, the transport vehicle 13 or its semi-trailer 15 has on its frame 22 a substantially flat loading surface 23 for container 2. In the figure 2 are seen in the direction of travel F of a forward drive of the transport vehicle 13 consecutively parked as an ISO container container 2 with a length of about 20 feet. The corner fittings of the container 2, for example, formed by the so-called spreader frame

Lifting devices of the gantry cranes 8 or gantry bridges 5 are taken to lift the ISO container from the bed 23 or turn off on this.

In order to transport a container to be transported 2 and in the case of ISO containers in particular its corner fittings when depositing on the bed 23 and to align with respect to the bed 23, the bed 23 is bounded on its sides by a plurality of guide elements 23 a. The guide elements 23a have for this purpose guide surfaces with an oblique course. Here, the guide surfaces extend from the loading surface 23 upwardly and outwardly directed and directed to the loading surface 23 downwards and inwards. The guide elements 23a are preferably arranged in pairs on opposite sides, in particular longitudinal sides and / or narrow sides, of the loading surface 23. The

Guide surfaces of a pair of guide elements 23a form a kind of funnel, the oblique course of which tapers towards the loading surface 23 in order to realize the guiding and alignment function. Accordingly, the guide surfaces of a pair of guide members 23a extend away from the loading surface 23 upwardly.

The transport vehicle 13 is automatically guided in the sense of a so-called Automated Guided Vehicles - AGV for short - and for this purpose has a vehicle control system 24 shown schematically in FIG. By means of the vehicle control 24, the driving maneuvers of the transport vehicle 13 are automatically controllable, for example, by executing planned transport orders via a control system and, in this regard, predetermined travel routes are converted into corresponding driving maneuvers by control technology. In this context, by means of the vehicle control 24 steering operations and speeds and

Accelerations of the transport vehicle 13 automatically controlled and the transport vehicle 13 thus navigated automatically. Furthermore, that can

Transport vehicle 13 are also optionally manually guided or controlled by a driver in the above-defined sense, so that a change between manual and automatic guidance of the transport vehicle 13 is conceivable. For the manual variant, a driver's cab 25 with corresponding control means for manual intervention in the vehicle control 24 is arranged in the front region of the tractor 14. In this case, an automatically guided transport vehicle 13 can also be manned if a driver passively drives, but not in the sense of a driver active in the control of

Transport vehicle 13 must or can intervene. Driverless, but manually remotely controlled by a driver transport vehicles 13 are not considered automatically guided, but as manually guided vehicles. In exclusively automatically guided transport vehicles 13, the driver's cab 25 can remain as shown in Figure 2 driverless or even omitted. Also one

only manually feasible variant of the transport vehicles 13 is possible.

In Figure 3 is a schematic plan view of a part of the first

Cover area 1 b of a conventional bearing 6 with conventional

Transfer areas 10 shown in a transhipment system according to Figure 1. The total of four identically formed transfer areas 10 are at the head-side and the quay 3 facing ends of the four storage areas 6a of Figure 1

arranged and transversely from the transport vehicles 13, in particular

at right angles, to the longitudinal direction L extending lanes 26 reachable. The lanes 26 are connected to the quay 3 arranged transfer tracks 35, which lead to the local handling equipment, such as gantry cranes 5, so that there can be a transfer of containers 2 between the transport vehicles 13 and the handling equipment. Between the lanes 26 and the

Transfer tracks 35 are followed by buffer tracks 27 on the lanes 26. The buffer tracks 27 are from the arriving via the lanes 26 Transport vehicles 13 as described below used for maneuvering when entering the transfer area 10 and serve in this context as waiting zones. The buffer tracks 27 extend transversely and preferably at right angles to the lanes 26 and thus parallel to the longitudinal direction L.

Each transfer area 10 comprises at least one, but in the present case four

Transfer points 28, the base is preferably rectangular in each case. The base areas of the transfer stations 28 extend with their longitudinal extent in the longitudinal direction L of the lanes 26 in the direction of the gantry crane 8 and the storage area 6a in the direction of the container 2 stacked in the storage area 6a, so that a trained as a tractor trailer transport vehicle 13 completely fits on a transfer point 28 , Between the respective adjacent transfer points 28 of each storage area 6a and at the bearing side longitudinal ends barriers 12 are provided so that each transfer point 28 for the transport vehicles 13 can only be reached by the adjacent lane 26 and only in the same way

or at the same place can be left again by a

Change of the wheel drive direction takes place.

In the context of storage or retrieval of a container 2, two conventional methods for operating the transport vehicles 13 in the camp 6 are common. The driving maneuvers to be performed by the transport vehicles 13 are shown schematically in FIG.

In the first conventional method 30a, the transport vehicle 13 initially deflects from the lane 26, moving away from the transfer point 28 to be approached, in a 90 ° turn onto a buffer track 27, stops there and then shifts with opposite directions with respect to the previous forward travel

Radantriebsrichtung reversing on the transfer point 28, all lanes 26 must be passed. In this case, it may also be necessary to drive in an approximately S-shaped route, for example when the one to be approached

Transfer station 28 opposite buffer track 27 is occupied by a transport vehicle 13. The buffer tracks 27 thus serve as a waiting area when the transfer point 28 to be approached is occupied, or as a maneuvering area for the transport vehicles 13 before entering the transfer area 10. After the delivery or

Picking up a container 2 drives the transport vehicle 13 forward of the Transfer point 28 down and, consequently, out of the corresponding transfer area 10 and continues to turn forward on one of the adjacent lanes 26 from. In the second conventional method 30b, the transport vehicle 13 travels on a lane 26 until it has passed the desired transfer station 28, then stops and shifts in a 90 ° turn to the transfer station 28 in a reverse direction. Here, too, at least one lane 26 may be required to happen. In both conventional methods 30a, 30b, the transport vehicles 13 therefore each maneuvering in a reverse direction onto the corresponding transfer station 28. The driving maneuvers required in this connection are considerable

Maneuvering effort for a precise reversing to the respective

Transfer points 28 connected. Also lower speeds are possible here than in forward driving. This is especially true when the transport vehicle 13 is formed as shown in Figure 2 as a tractor trailer with articulated to the tractor 14 attached trailer. In addition, lanes 26 are blocked here. All this can be avoided in the bearing 6 according to the invention described below. As a result, according to the invention, a method for the operation of

Transport vehicles 13 for storage or retrieval of containers 2 with correspondingly simplified maneuvers possible.

4 shows a schematic plan view of an inventive bearing 6 with an exemplary storage area 6a and its inventive water-side first transfer area 10. The following statements with respect to the transfer area 10 apply analogously for the land-side transfer area 1 1 and the local transport vehicles 7. The Transfer area 10 comprises at least one, but in the present example, three adjacent and one each

Transfer track 28a associated transfer station 28, each on the one

Transport vehicle 13 can drive for storage or retrieval or dispensing or picking up a container 2 and this in the above

described sense of the gantry crane 8 (not shown) or its load-carrying means are accessible. Accordingly, the routes or rails 9 of the gantry crane 8 are correspondingly far above the

Warehouse 6a out, so that the transfer area 10 between the pair is arranged by driveways in the region of its kaiseitigen ends. Each transfer point 28 or the associated transfer track 28a extends with its rectangular base analogous to the transfer points 28 of Figure 3 with its longitudinal extent in the direction of the stacked in the storage area 6a container 2, preferably parallel to the longitudinal direction L. In addition, each transfer point 28 is formed and arranged in that a transport vehicle 13 drives forward onto the transfer station 28 and the transfer station 28 after picking up or delivering a container 2 likewise in a forward movement through the

Transfer area 10 can leave. During the forward drive on the

Transfer station 28 or in the transfer track 28a and the forward drive from the transfer point 28, the transport vehicle 13 so has the same

Radantriebsrichtung. In this way, the transport vehicles 13 can travel in the direction of the storage area 6a or the stacked container 2 or away thereof through the transfer area 10 and its transfer tracks 28a and in particular traverse the respective transfer station 28 with a constant wheel drive direction.

For this purpose, adjoining the transfer region 10 is an intermediate region 29, which is arranged between the transfer region 10 and the storage region 6a or the containers 2 stacked therein. The intermediate region 29 is designed and arranged at the head end at the illustrated end of the storage area 6a between the ends of the associated travel paths or rails 9 of the gantry crane 8, that each transport vehicle 13 can travel before or after passing through the transfer area 10 in the intermediate area 29.

The intermediate region 29 can hereby be achieved, as shown in FIG. 4, between the water-side ends of the travel paths or rails 9 via a retraction region 29a and can be left via a separate extension region 29b. The lanes of both the retraction region 29a and the extension region 29b preferably extend parallel to one another and parallel to the longitudinal direction L, which is parallel to the longitudinal extension of the travel paths and thus also parallel to the direction of travel of the gantry crane 8. The retraction region 29a and the extension region 29b are arranged relative to one another such that between the

Retraction area 29a and the extension area 29b in the intermediate area 29 by means of a cornering with a 180 ° curve along a U-shaped route R in the manner of such U-turns mentioned a change of direction can be performed with a constant Radantriebsrichtung in a forward drive. The direction of travel of the

Transport vehicle 13 itself remains the same, namely directed forward, and only with respect to the storage area 6a and relative thereto is the

Change of direction from almost to removing. In other words, the transport vehicle 13 does not continue to move forward on the storage area 6a, but forward away from the storage area 6a. Accordingly, the drive in the intermediate region 29 takes place at least in the direction of the storage area 6a, at least before the change of direction, and vice versa accordingly after the change of direction.

In FIG. 4, three U-shaped routes R are shown by way of example. Each U-shaped route R follows the same single-lane entrance area 29a, but leads to another of several lanes of the extension area 29b, each of which is assigned a transfer station 28 of the transfer area 10, so that the

Lanes each serve as a transfer track 28a. Correspondingly, the U-shaped routes R for the cornering that takes place to change direction can have differently sized turning or turning radii. In particular for manually guided transport vehicles 13 or their drivers, lanes for the routes R can be predetermined, for example, by lane markings or barriers.

In the view shown in FIG. 4, the single-track retraction area 29a is on the left with respect to a longitudinal axis X parallel to the longitudinal axis X of the storage area 6a and the multi-track extension area 29b with the transfer area 10 to the right of the longitudinal axis X. Accordingly, the transport vehicles 13 travel through the intermediate area 29 and here the cornering to the direction counterclockwise with a left turn. By this arrangement, the U-shaped direction change of the transport vehicles 13 takes place in each case before entering the transfer area 10 or the respective transfer track 28a.

Between the longitudinal axis X and the retraction area 29a, a buffer area 31 is set up, in which container 2 can be parked and stacked by the gantry crane 8 for temporary storage. As a result, the unused for the U-shaped 180 ° - turning especially due to the turning radius of the transport vehicles 13 space can be used as a space-saving storage space and so the capacity of the bearing 6 are increased. In principle, the buffer area 31 can also be dispensed with and instead the retraction area 29a can be multi-tracked in the left half or, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 11, the left half can at least partially also be used as an extension area 29b with transfer points 28 defined there.

The figures 5 to 13 described below show examples of possible embodiments of the present invention, in which the arrangement and design of the transfer areas 10 and transfer points 28 and intermediate areas 29 also each comparable driving maneuver

Transport vehicles 13 allow, in particular to the transfer area 10 and its transfer points 28 with the same

Radantriebsrichtung and in particular forward driving to a

Pass through the container. The exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 5 differs from that of FIG. 4 essentially by an arrangement of the retraction region 29a, the extension region 29b, mirrored with respect to the longitudinal axis X, with the transfer points 28 or transfer tracks 28a arranged there and the buffer region 31. Accordingly, the U-shaped cornering of the

Transport vehicles 13 for direction change in the intermediate region 29 in

Clockwise with a right turn, but as well as in Figure 4 before entering the respective transfer point 28 and the subsequent passage through the corresponding transfer area 10. The embodiment shown in Figure 6 differs from that of Figure 4 in that the direction of travel of the transport vehicles 13th passes through the intermediate region 29 and the transfer region 10 opposite.

Correspondingly, the transfer stations 28 and transfer tracks 28a are assigned to the entry zone 29a on the right of the longitudinal axis X, so that the cornering for the change of direction of the transport vehicles 13 takes place in the clockwise direction as in FIG. Unlike in Figures 4 and 5, the entrance is made in the corresponding

Transfer area 10 for a container transfer, however, before the change of direction and the change of direction thus only after leaving the transfer area 10 and the transfer station 28 and the passage for this purpose passing through the transfer area 10. Also, the retraction area 29a according to FIG unlike in the figures 4 and 5, thereby multi-lane and the extension area 29b single lane. In principle, the buffer area 31 can also be dispensed with here and instead the extension area 29b can be multi-lane in the left half or, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 12, the left half can at least partially also be used as the entry area 29a with transfer points 28 defined there.

The exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7 differs from that of FIG. 6 essentially by an arrangement of the retraction area 29a mirrored with respect to the longitudinal axis X with the transfer stations 28 or transfer tracks 28a, the extension area 29b and the transfer station located there

Buffer area 31. Accordingly, the U-shaped cornering of the

Transport vehicles 13 to the direction change in Figure 7 against the

Clockwise, but as well as in Figure 6 after entering the respective transfer point 28 and the subsequent passage through the transfer area 10th

The exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 8 differs from the previous ones in that a transfer area 10 with at least one, in each case two, transfer stations 28 is assigned to both the retraction area 29a and the extension area 29b. Therefore, the retraction area 29a, like the extension area 29b, can be multi-lane and have corresponding lanes serving as transfer tracks 28a. Since transfer points 28 and thus a total of two transfer areas 10 are defined both in the entry area 29a and in the exit area 29b, the transport vehicles 13 travel before and after the transfer

Change of direction into and through one of the transfer areas 10 as well as to the transfer point 28 there. The cornering provided in FIG

or direction changes take place counterclockwise, but can alternatively also be done together in a clockwise direction when the

Retraction area 29a and the extension area 29b reversed and thus defined mirrored with respect to the longitudinal axis X.

The buffer area 31 is unlike the previous embodiments not in the intermediate region 29 on the floor surface 17, but arranged on a spaced from the floor surface 17 in the vertical direction platform 32, which may be elevated for this example, not shown supports. The preferably rectangular platform 32 spans a portion of the

Intermediate area 29, in particular between the transfer areas 10 and between the transfer areas 10 and the storage area 6a. For this purpose, the platform 32 extends along the longitudinal axis X via the intermediate region 29 and also beyond between the retraction region 29a and the extension region 29b. Transverse to the longitudinal axis X, the platform 32 extends in the direction of the retraction area 29a and the extension area 29b or the local transfer areas 10. The platform 32 thereby offers the safety function described below. The routes R for the U-shaped direction change lead during cornering in the intermediate region 29 under the platform 32 therethrough. Since the gantry crane 8 with a hanging on the load-receiving container 2 only in the direction of

Storage area 6a or is moved away therefrom, when the load receiving means and the container 2 are arranged above the platform 32, in particular centrally about its longitudinal axis, the platform 32 serves the under the platform 32 passing transport vehicles 13 as protection against possibly crashing containers. 2 The correspondingly possible transport routes T of containers 2 moved by means of the gantry crane 8 are likewise sketched in FIG. On the gantry crane 8 hanging container 2 are moved according to the transport routes T above the intermediate region 29 along and in the region of the longitudinal axis X and only in the region of the transfer areas 10 transversely thereto.

In this context, it is also ensured for manually guided transport vehicles 13 for safety reasons that the driver's cab 25 of a transport vehicle 13 located correctly on the transfer station 28 is outside the transport vehicle 13

Transfer area 10 is arranged, whereas the loading area 23 in

Transfer area 10 is arranged. Accordingly, the transfer station 28 is here longer than the transfer area 10 and is partially already in the intermediate area 29. For this, the driver positions the transport vehicle 13 accordingly on the transfer station 28 and in the transfer area 10. By the platform 32, the transport vehicles 13 can thus pass through the intermediate area 29 and the gantry crane 8 at the same time along the longitudinal axis X transport a container 2 over the intermediate region 29 away. In this way it is ensured that in the

Top view of Figure 8 seen crossing the transport routes T and the routes R only in the region of the longitudinal axis X and the taking place in the intermediate region 29 below the platform 32 cornering, where along the routes R driving However, transport vehicles 13 through the platform 32 before a possibly

Crashing container 2 are protected. Otherwise, the cross

Transport routes T and the routes R in the intermediate area 29 not. In principle, the buffer area 31 can also be arranged on a corresponding platform 32 in the other exemplary embodiments and the transport routes T run above the platform 32, so that the transport vehicles 13 are protected in the area of cornering as described above.

Even without a platform 32 it can be ensured that transport vehicles 13 are protected against dangers which may arise from a gantry crane 8 traveling over the intermediate region 29 when it loads or unloads a container 2. This is apparent from the embodiment shown in Figure 9. The retraction region 29a and the extension region 29 as well as the respectively defined transfer tracks 28a and transfer points 28 correspond to the arrangement of FIG. 8. However, the buffer region 31 is arranged differently on the floor surface 17 than in FIG. 8 and only extends so far in the direction of the storage region 6a that the routes R are not hindered by this. The intermediate region 29 is therefore arranged at least partially between the buffer region 31 and the bearing region 6a. The transport routes T of the gantry crane 8 likewise correspond to those of FIG. 8 and thus also cross the routes R in the plan view of FIG. 9, likewise only in the intermediate region 29 in the region of the direction change

Cornering. Since the intermediate region 29 is not covered by any platform 32, no transport vehicle 13 may be located in the intermediate region 29 so that the gantry crane 8 may move a container 2 along the longitudinal axis X. Except this is the cab 25 of correctly on the transfer slots 28 holding

Transport vehicles 13, since the cab 25 here outside the

Transfer region 10 is arranged and thus is already in the intermediate region 29. As long as transport vehicles 13 are on the route R and in particular in cornering below the longitudinal axis X or transport route T, the gantry crane 8 must not pass over the intermediate region 29. The gantry crane 8 is then stopped before it leaves the storage area 6a or the

Transfer area 10 moves over the intermediate area 29. Of these empty runs of the gantry crane 8 can be excluded without container 2 on the load receiving means, since There is no danger of a load crash here.

In order to ensure that the abovementioned boundary conditions for operation of the gantry crane 8 or entry of transport vehicles 13 into the intermediate area 29 are fulfilled, the intermediate area 29 is monitored by means of sensors 33 with respect to the presence of transport vehicles 13. The sensors 33 may be, for example, laser sensors, ultrasonic sensors, radar sensors and / or cameras. The sensors 33 are preferably arranged in the intermediate region 29 such that their respective detection region 33a is located in the retraction region 29a and / or in the extension region 29b and / or in the region of cornering

Transport vehicles 13 and thus all routes R at least partially detected. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, four sensors 33 may be provided. If one of the sensors 33 a located in the intermediate region 29

For example, when transporting vehicle 13 detects during cornering, the gantry crane 8 can be stopped before it is moved over the intermediate region 29. In this context, it can also be determined by means of the sensors 33 whether a transport vehicle 13 has completed the journey in the intermediate region 29 or at least the cornering below the transport route T and the intermediate region 29 can thus be released for the gantry crane 8. The sensors 33 are part of a traffic control system in the sense described above and in particular in the intermediate region 29 of the bearing 6.

Alternatively or additionally, the traffic control system may have means for an access control, which may be designed, for example, as a signal device, traffic light or as a barrier 34 serving as a barrier or at least one bollard retractable in the ground. With these means can be prevented that a transport vehicle 13 in the retraction area 29 a and in the

The intermediate area 29 enters when each lane of the retraction area 29a is occupied by another transport vehicle 13 or the intermediate area 29 is blocked so that the gantry crane 8 can transport a container 2 over the intermediate area 29. In this context, corresponding means for an access control, for example, within the intermediate area 29 can be arranged just before the area for cornering or the intersection with the transport route T, since the routes R and the transport route T not previously cross and a transport vehicle 13 thus also within the Intermediate area 29 can safely wait until the gantry crane 8 is no longer above the intermediate area 29. The means for the access restriction may also be connected by control technology with the sensors 33 and be controlled in dependence on their signals and activated or deactivated. If no barriers, but only a signaling device is provided, the sensors 33 can also cause an emergency stop of the gantry crane 8 when the gantry crane 8 is already above the intermediate region 29 and a transport vehicle 13th

Ignored stop signals and incorrectly enters the intermediate area 29. For this purpose, a corresponding integration of the crane control of the gantry crane 8 in the system for traffic control. The vehicle control 24 can also

be appropriately integrated into the traffic control system,

in particular in automatically guided transport vehicles 13 to their

To coordinate movements with those of the gantry crane 8 as described above. The exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 10 relates to the case in which a gantry crane 8 is serviced or repaired and for this purpose is moved to an end of the pair of travel ways or rails 9 into an end position P. While the gantry crane 8 is in the end position P, the storage area 6a can be managed by a second gantry crane 8, which can be moved on the same tracks or rails 9. This is true for all embodiments, as usually each storage area 6a are assigned two gantry cranes 8, the

Storage area 6a can manage at the same time. If no gantry crane 8 is in the end position P, but both gantry cranes 8 are in regular operation, the two gantry cranes 8 are operated in a coordinated manner, that of a gantry crane 8 in the water-side envelope area 10 retracting and holding

Transport vehicles 13 loading and unloading and the other gantry crane 8 in the

landside envelope area 1 1 entering and holding transport vehicles 13 loading and unloading. If a gantry crane 8 is in the end position P, the transfer area 10 must be defined or arranged offset with its transfer points in the direction of the storage area 6a. The displacement of the transfer region 10 and the associated transfer station 28 between the end position P of the gantry crane 8 and the intermediate region 29 can be done temporarily only for the duration of the maintenance or repair. By offsetting the transfer area 10 decreases the range available in the intermediate region 29 between the transfer region 10 and the bearing region 6a for cornering to change direction at least to the area occupied by the gantry crane 8 in the final position P. Due to this, as indicated in FIG. 10, it may be necessary for the cornering of the transport vehicles 13 to be partially within the range

Transfer area 10 must be made during transit through this and also a reverse drive within the transfer area 10 must be performed before cornering as forward drive. The cornering can begin or end within the transfer area 10 and also lead over a plurality of adjacent transfer points 28 of the respective transfer area 10. However, the reversing can be done as a straight ahead, so that the U-shaped turning maneuver including the passage through the transfer area 10 in the sense of the invention with a constant Radantriebsrichtung and in particular driving forward is possible. This applies regardless of whether the transfer region 10 is defined in the retraction region 29a and / or in the extension region 29b. If a transfer area 10 is used in the retraction area 29a, the reverse drive to the local stop and before the forward cornering is required. If a transfer area 10 is used in the extension area 29b, a reversing is not required before cornering, but after cornering and before stopping in the transfer area 10 for correct positioning on the local transfer point 28. The ride in the intermediate region 29 can also, as shown in Figure 10 against the

Clockwise or alternatively clockwise (not shown).

A further embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 11. Here, two adjacent storage areas 6a of the bearing 6 are operationally combined by interconnecting the respective intermediate areas 29 such that they form a common intermediate area 29c. It is the left

Intermediate area 29 of the retraction area 29a of the left storage area 6a and the extension area 29b of the right storage area 6a and the right intermediate area 29 of the retraction area 29a of the right storage area 6a and the extension area 29b of the left storage area 6a assigned. Each transport vehicle 13 coming via the retraction area 29a of the left-hand storage area 6a therefore travels along one of the routes R from the left into the right-hand intermediate area 29 and thus via the common intermediate area 29c and then from the right-hand intermediate area 29 into the transfer area 10 of the right-hand storage area 6a and accomplishes this before entering the transfer area 10 a 180 ° turn counterclockwise. In the transfer area 10 of the right storage area 6a, which is associated with the local extension area 29b, the transfer of a container 2 takes place with the gantry crane 8 and then leaves the

Transporting vehicle 13, the transfer area 10 or extension area 29b and thus also the area between the tracks or rails 9. For the coming over the retraction area 29a of the right storage area 6a transport vehicles 13 this process applies accordingly reversed clockwise. By way of example, in FIG. 1 1, routes R 'are shown by dashed lines, which lead to the transfer stations 28 of the left, which are likewise defined in the extension area 29b

Lead storage area 6a.

The respective routes R and R 'or the transport vehicles 13 traveling along these routes R, R' through the intermediate regions 29 of the common intermediate region 29c thus cross the track of the gantry cranes 8 of the two adjacent storage areas 6a in an intersection region K, including the rails 9 the crossing area K transport vehicles 13 can meet in an oncoming traffic on the opposite R and R 'to be traveled. In order to avoid collisions here, at least two separate lanes can be provided, of which one is provided for the route R and one for the route R '. Alternatively, an alternating drive of transport vehicles 13 on routes R and R 'in the common intermediate area 29c can also be coordinated by the traffic control system described above, so that collisions caused by oncoming traffic can be avoided, especially in crossing area K. Here, the rides of the

Transport vehicles 13 also with the journeys of the gantry crane 8 through the

Junction K are coordinated so that it is either released for operation of the gantry crane 8, while no transport vehicle 13 may be located in the crossing area K and a driveway of

Transport vehicles 13 in the crossing area K is prevented. Alternatively, the coordination as shown in Figure 13 with corresponding and partially crossed double arrows done so that the crossing area K is released for the passage of a transport vehicle 13, during which no gantry crane 8 may be located in the intersection K and a driveway of

Portal cranes 8 in the crossing area K is prevented. For this purpose can in the System for traffic control the crane controls respectively

Vehicle controls 24 are involved to avoid collisions between

Transport vehicles 13 and gantry cranes 8, in particular its chassis beams 8b (see Figure 13) to avoid. By means of the traffic control system can also be computer-based positions of the transport vehicles 13 and gantry cranes 8 and clearances for the intersection K, the intermediate areas 29, 29c and

Retraction areas 29a processed or managed and in this

Related the corresponding sensors 33 and means for

Access restriction controlled. For this purpose, the transport vehicles 13 and gantry cranes 8 themselves may be provided with sensors in the sense of the above-mentioned sensors 33, so that safety can be further increased by such redundancy and processing of the corresponding sensor signals in the traffic control system. Each of the two adjacent storage areas 6a has a transfer area 10 with at least one transfer station 28 that can be passed through in the already described sense. In FIG. 11, the transfer areas 10 or their transfer stations 28 are assigned to one of the two extension areas 29b and multi-lane, namely five lanes, so that Correspondingly many transfer points 28 are present in the lanes 27a of the extension areas 29b serving as transfer tracks 28a. The retraction regions 29a are each formed in a single track, but may also be multi-lane, so that correspondingly fewer transfer tracks 28a and transfer points 28 are present. The single-track entry areas 29a are arranged here on the left or right edge of the respective storage area 6a, but can also be between two transfer points 28

or transfer tracks 28a of a storage area 6a be arranged, so that the transfer area 10 is divided by the retraction area 29a. In deviation from FIG. 11, individual or multiple transfer stations 28 can also be used as a buffer area in the sense of the previously described buffer areas 31.

The exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 12 represents a modification of that of FIG. 11. The transfer areas 10 and their transfer tracks 28a or transfer points 28 are arranged at the same location, but are traversed in the opposite direction with respect to FIG.

Accordingly, the transfer areas 10 are each part of the retraction area 29a, so that the U-shaped turns taking place along the routes R and R 'respectively take place after passing through the transfer area 10. The single-track extension regions 29b are arranged here on the left or right edge of the respective storage area 6a, but can also be between two transfer points 28 or transfer tracks 28a of a

Storage area 6a may be arranged so that the transfer area 10 is divided by the extension area 29b. Just as the retraction area 29a in FIG. 11 can be multi-track, this is also possible in FIG. 12 for the extension area 29b. The adjacent storage areas 6a are in Figures 1 1 and 12 respectively

formed mirror-symmetrically to each other.

As internal transport vehicles 13 can of course others

Vehicle types such as container transport vehicles with at the

Tractor itself provided rigid or raised / lowered cargo area 23 and 23a guide elements are used, which although due to

Vehicle symmetry and lack of drawbar or missing hinged trailer would allow easier backward driving. However, even in these transport vehicles 13 by the present invention when driving the transfer area 10, a change of

Wheel drive direction can be avoided.

In the transfer of containers 2 to the gantry crane 8 is usually the

Aligned orientation of the container door, so that all containers 2 with the same orientation of the container door, for example in the direction of the landside

Turning area 1 c pointing, are stored in the camp 6. In order to deliver the containers 2 in the transfer area 10 with the desired orientation of the container door, the containers 2 are to be loaded in the assignment of the transfer area 10 to the retraction area 29a or extension area 29b with appropriate orientation to the transport vehicles 13. For example, if the container doors of the stored container 2 in the direction of the land-side envelope area 1 c should point and a container 2 was loaded with pointing in the direction of the rear of the transport vehicle 13 orientation of the container door on the transport vehicle 13, only storage areas 6a can be approached in forward travel, at which the transfer area 10 is defined in the extension area 6b (see for example Figures 4, 5 and 1 1). However, when a storage area 6a started in forward travel is to be whose transfer area 10 is defined in the retraction area 29a (see, for example, Figures 6, 7 and 12), the container 2 must be positioned differently on the transport vehicle 13 accordingly. If at least one transfer area 10 or transfer station is provided in the retraction area 29a and in the extension area 29b of a storage area 6a (see FIGS. 8, 9 and 10, for example), depending on the orientation of the container door on the transport vehicle 13, one of the two transfer locations can be used Storage with correct orientation of the container door ensures. The container 2 can thus be loaded here with any orientation of the container door on the transport vehicle 13. In several storage areas 6a with correspondingly different in

Retraction area 29a or extension area 29b arranged transfer points 28 otherwise only the corresponding appropriate for the correct orientation of the container door storage area 6a can be approached. The bearing 6 can in principle also combinations of the previously described

Have exemplary embodiments and accordingly in particular

have different arrangements or assignments of the retraction areas 29a, extension areas 29b, intermediate areas 29, 29c and transfer areas 10 with respect to the respective storage areas 6a. The same applies to the landside area of the bearing 6 and the second transfer areas 11 there, which may be formed analogously to the first transfer areas 10 described above and separated from the respective storage areas 6a via a corresponding intermediate area 29 or common intermediate area 29c. For the land-side external transport vehicles 7 therefore also corresponding method for their operation in the context of land-side storage or retrieval of containers 2 in the camp 6 are possible.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 transhipment facility

1 a limit

1 b first envelope area

1 c second envelope area

1 d pass area

2 containers

3 quay

4 ship

5 container bridge

6 bearings

6a storage area

7 external transport vehicle

8 gantry crane

8a crane girder

8b chassis carrier

9 rails

10 first handover area

1 1 second transfer area

12 barrier

13 internal transport vehicle

14 tractor

15 semi-trailers

16 wheel

17 corridor area

18a first axis

18b second axis

18c third axis

19 chassis

20 saddle plate

21 battery

22 frames

23 loading area

23a guide elements 4 vehicle control

5 driver's cab

26 lane

27 buffer track

28 transfer point

28a transfer track

29 intermediate area

29a retraction area

29b extension area

29c common intermediate area

30a first conventional method

30b second conventional method

31 buffer area

32 platform

33 sensor

33a detection area

34 barrier

35 transfer track K crossing area

L longitudinal direction

P end position

R, R 'route

T transport route

X longitudinal axis

F direction of travel

Claims

claims

1 . Bearing (6) for containers (2), which has at least one storage area (6a) and a gantry crane (8), wherein the storage area (6a) is arranged between two travel ways for the gantry crane (6), so that the gantry crane (8) on the driveways over the storage area (6a) can be moved away, and wherein at a in the direction of travel of the gantry (8) facing the end of the storage area (6a) between the routes a transfer area (10, 1 1) is arranged, of the gantry crane ( 8) as well as by a transport vehicle (7, 13) for containers (2) can be reached to outsource containers (2) into the warehouse (6) or out of the warehouse (6), characterized in that between the transfer area (10 , 1 1) and the storage area (6 a)

Intermediate area (29) is provided, the transfer area (10.1 1) and the

Intermediate area (29) are formed and arranged such that for a

Transport vehicle (7, 13) is a passage through the transfer area (10, 1 1) and a ride in the intermediate area (29) is possible and the ride in the intermediate area (29) before or after passing through the transfer area (10, 1 1) possible is.

2. Bearing (6) according to claim 1, characterized in that between the

Driving paths of the gantry crane (8) a retraction area (29a) is provided, through which a transport vehicle (7, 13) can approach the intermediate region (29), and / or an extension region (29b) is provided between the travel paths of the gantry crane (8) by which a transport vehicle (7, 13) can move away from the intermediate region (29), and the transfer region (10, 11) is assigned to the entry region (29a) or the extension region (29b).

3. Bearing (6) according to claim 2, characterized in that two transfer areas (10, 1 1) are provided, of which a first transfer area (10, 1 1) the

Retraction area (29a) is assigned and a second transfer area (10, 1 1) associated with the extension area (29b).

4. bearing (6) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the intermediate region (29) is formed so that for a transport vehicle (7, 13) driving in the intermediate region (29) is possible as cornering, in particular with a 90 ° turn and preferably with a 180 ° turn along a U-shaped route (R, R ').

5. Bearing (6) for containers (2) having two adjacent storage areas (6 a) and two gantry cranes (8), wherein the storage areas (6 a) are each arranged between two driveways for one of the gantry cranes (8), so that the respective gantry crane (8) on the driveways on the respective storage area (6a) can be moved away, and wherein at one in the direction of travel of the gantry crane (8) facing the end of the respective storage area (6a) between the driveways each one

Transfer area (10, 1 1) is arranged, which is accessible from the respective gantry crane (8) and from a transport vehicle (7, 13) for containers (2) to container (2) in the camp (6) on or off to outsource the bearing (6), characterized in that between the transfer region (10, 1 1) and the storage area (6a) is provided in each case an intermediate region (29), the transfer region (10,1 1) and the

Intermediate area (29) are formed and arranged such that for a

6. Bearing (6) according to claim 5, characterized in that between the

Travel paths of the gantry cranes (8) each have a retraction area (29a) is provided, through which a transport vehicle (7, 13) can approach the intermediate area (29), and / or between the travel paths of the gantry crane (8) an extension area (29b) provided is, through which a transport vehicle (7, 13) of the

Intermediate area (29) can remove, and the respective transfer area (10, 1 1) associated with the retraction area (29a) or the extension area (29b).

7. bearing (6) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the

Intermediate areas (29) are connected together so that they have a

common intermediate area (29c) form.

8. Bearing (6) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the retraction area (29a) single track and the extension area (29b) mehrspurig or the retraction area (29a) mehrspurig and the extension area (29b) einspurig or the retraction area (29a ) and the extension area (29b) are multi-lane.

9. bearing (6) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a Traffic control system is provided.

10. Bearing (6) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a buffer area (31) is arranged between the tracks so that between the buffer area (31) and the storage area (6a) of the intermediate region (29) is arranged ,

1 1. bearing (6) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that above the intermediate region (29) has a platform (32) is arranged.

12. A method for operating at least one transport vehicle (7, 13) for containers (2) in a warehouse (6) according to the preamble of claim 1 or 5, characterized in that the transport vehicle (7, 13) through the

Transfer area (10, 1 1) passes through and before or after in a

Intermediate area (29) moves between the storage area (6a) and the

Transfer area (10) is arranged.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the

Transport vehicle (7, 13) performs the drive in the intermediate region (29) as cornering, in particular with a 90 ° curve and preferably with a 180 ° curve along a U-shaped route (R, R ').

14. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the

Transport vehicle (7, 13) performs the travel in a common intermediate region (29c) of two adjacent storage areas (6a) as cornering, in particular with a 90 ° curve and preferably with a 180 ° curve along a U-shaped route (R, R ') ,

15. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the transport vehicle (7, 13) traverses one of the travel paths of the gantry crane (8).

16. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the traffic in the warehouse (6) is regulated.

17. Use of a bearing (6) according to any one of claims 1 to 1 1 or one Method according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the transport vehicle (7, 13) is designed as a tractor-trailer.