EP3595925A1 - Drive system for a vehicle, method for operating a drive system, and use of the drive system - Google Patents
Drive system for a vehicle, method for operating a drive system, and use of the drive systemInfo
- Publication number
- EP3595925A1 EP3595925A1 EP18710447.6A EP18710447A EP3595925A1 EP 3595925 A1 EP3595925 A1 EP 3595925A1 EP 18710447 A EP18710447 A EP 18710447A EP 3595925 A1 EP3595925 A1 EP 3595925A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- drive system
- switching unit
- separately
- string
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000156302 Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Definitions
- the invention relates to a drive system for a vehicle, which comprises a battery for storing electrical energy, wherein the battery has a plurality of battery strings connected in parallel, and wherein each of the battery strings is separately switchable and disconnectable.
- the invention also relates to a method for operating a device according to the invention
- Electric vehicles EV
- hybrid vehicles HEV
- plug-in hybrid vehicles PHEV
- Such vehicles have drive systems for controlling an electric drive motor, which serves to drive the vehicle.
- Known drive systems for vehicles include, among others
- the battery management system is used for controlling the battery management system
- Battery management system also serves to control the battery.
- the battery management system is used to shut down the battery in case of failure.
- a generic drive system includes, for example, a
- Every battery string includes, for example, a plurality of serially connected battery cells.
- Each battery string is assigned its own switch, by means of which the respective battery string can be switched on and off. The battery string is switched off in particular when an error, for example a short circuit, is detected therein.
- Battery string can be switched on and off by means of a separate switch.
- a control circuit is used to measure voltages of the individual battery strings connected in parallel and to control the switches assigned to the battery strings.
- a backup battery string is provided, which is switched on when another battery string in case of failure
- the US 2012/0091964 AI also discloses a battery system for a
- the battery system includes several parallel connected
- each battery string can be switched on and off by means of a separate switch.
- Each battery string comprises a plurality of serially connected battery cells.
- a propulsion system for a vehicle comprises a battery for storing electrical energy, which has a plurality of battery strings connected in parallel. Each battery string can be switched separately as well as switched off.
- the battery is in particular a high-voltage battery which supplies the energy for driving the vehicle.
- the high-voltage battery can also feed a low-voltage electrical system with a rated voltage of 12 V, for example.
- Each of the battery strings includes several serially connected battery cells.
- the parallel-connected battery strings are connected to a common switching unit, which has a plurality of switches for separate power on and separate shutdown of the connected battery strings, and which have multiple current sensors for separately measuring flowing in the connected Batteriestrnature
- Such switching units are known, for example, as “ePDU” (Enclosure Power Distribution Unit). Such switching units are used, for example, to transfer energy from one power source to multiple consumers. The individual consumers can be switched on separately and switched off.
- the switches of the switching unit are preferably designed as electronic switches, for example MOSFET.
- the switching unit has a control module, which receives measured values of the current sensors and which drives the switches.
- the control module compares the recorded readings of the current sensors to predetermined limits and turns off a battery string when the battery current in that battery string exceeds a threshold. But even with other detected errors, for example, at too high a temperature or failure of a battery cell, the control module of the switching unit one
- the switching unit communicates via a communication line with a
- the communication line is part of a bus system present in the vehicle. In particular, that can
- Battery management system the limits for the battery currents in the individual Batteriestrhuren over the communication line to the switching unit, in particular to the control module transmitted.
- the battery management system is powered by the low-voltage electrical system with energy.
- the switching unit via a main switch with a consumer and / or with a
- the main switch is designed, for example, as a contactor, that is, as a controllable electromechanical relay, and can be controlled by the battery management system.
- a precharge resistor and a precharge switch are connected in parallel to the main switch, via which the switching unit with the consumer and / or with the DC link capacitor is connectable. Also the
- Vorladeschalter example as a contactor, so as a controllable electromechanical relay, executed and is of the
- the battery currents flowing in the connected battery strings are measured separately and compared in each case with a limit value associated with the battery string.
- a battery string is switched off separately when the current flowing in the battery string battery current exceeds the associated limit.
- the battery currents flowing in the individual battery strings are determined by the
- Battery string assigned a separate limit can be dependent, for example, on an internal structure or configuration of the battery string.
- a connected battery string can have a high energy density but a low power density.
- Another battery string may have a high power density but a low energy density.
- the battery string with the high power density can have a higher
- Battery management system transmitted to the switching unit.
- the assigned limit values are transmitted to the switching unit via a communication line. It is conceivable that each battery string is statically assigned a limit value.
- the limit values assigned to the battery strings are preferably determined dynamically by the battery management system and transmitted to the switching unit. A threshold for a battery string may thus be changed during operation of the propulsion system and the vehicle.
- Limit value may be dependent on the temperature and the state of charge of the battery cells of the battery string, for example.
- the drive system according to the invention and the method according to the invention find advantageous use in an electric vehicle (EV), in one
- Hybrid vehicle HEV
- PH EV plug-in hybrid vehicle
- An inventive drive system has an increased availability.
- a fault for example a short circuit
- this battery string can be switched off separately. With the rest
- Batteriestrlinden continues to operate the drive system and thus the vehicle with reduced power possible. Likewise, after disconnecting a faulty battery string, a low-voltage electrical system can be fed further, which supplies a battery management system. Thus, the battery management system remains operational.
- the switching unit is independent of the type of battery cells in the Batteriestrssenen the battery.
- a battery may include high energy density battery strings and high power density battery strings.
- the switching unit can monitor each battery string separately and precisely by specifying different limit values.
- the switching unit can itself measure the battery currents flowing in the battery strings. Other required data, such as voltage, state of charge and temperature of the
- the switching unit additionally provides partial redundancy to the
- the switching unit can continue the
- Control drive system in an emergency operation.
- the vehicle can still be operated with reduced power, for example to reach the nearest parking space on a motorway.
- existing redundancy drive system of the invention can also meet the requirements for autonomous driving.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a drive system and FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a switching unit from FIG. 1.
- FIG. 1 a drive system 10 for a vehicle is shown schematically.
- the drive system 10 includes a battery 14 for storage
- the battery 14 has three battery strings 12, which are connected in parallel. During operation of the drive system 10 flows in each case
- Each of the parallel-connected battery strings 12 has a plurality of battery cells 2, which are connected in series. There are so many battery cells 2 connected in series that an output voltage of the battery string 12 has a desired value.
- the battery strings 12 may have similar battery cells 2. But it is also conceivable that one of the connected
- Battery strings 12 battery cell 2 having a high energy density but a low power density, and that another of the battery strings 12 battery cells 2 with a high power density but a small
- the drive system 10 also includes a switching unit 40 having a plurality of inputs 38. Each of the battery strings 12 of the battery 14 is connected to a separate input 38 of the switching unit 40.
- each of the connected battery strings 12 can be switched on separately and switched off.
- Switching unit 40 electrically connected.
- the drive system 10 further comprises a load 30 which is, for example, an inverter or an inverter and serves to drive a drive motor, not shown here, of the vehicle.
- a load 30 which is, for example, an inverter or an inverter and serves to drive a drive motor, not shown here, of the vehicle.
- Inverter or inverter configured consumer 30 takes the battery 14 during operation of the vehicle electrical energy and converts a supplied from the battery 14 DC voltage in an AC voltage to
- the drive system 10 further comprises an intermediate circuit capacitor 16.
- the intermediate circuit capacitor 16 is connected in parallel with the load 30. During operation of the vehicle drops above the intermediate circuit capacitor 16 a
- the drive system 10 comprises a first main switch 21 which is connected to the output 36 of the switching unit 40 and to the intermediate circuit capacitor 16 and the consumer 30 is connected. Via the first main switch 21, the switching unit 40 is thus connected to the DC link capacitor 16 and the
- the drive system 10 includes a second main switch 22, which with the battery 14 and with the
- the drive system 10 also includes a precharge switch 20 and a precharge resistor 25.
- the precharge switch 20 and the precharge resistor 25 are connected in series with each other and are connected in parallel with the first main switch 21. Via the precharge switch 20 and the precharge resistor 25, the switching unit 40 is thus connected to the DC link capacitor 16 and the
- the precharge switch 20 and the precharge resistor 25 serve to precharge the link capacitor 16 when starting the vehicle.
- the precharge resistor 25 limits a charging current when precharging the DC link capacitor 16.
- the drive system 10 further includes a battery management system 50.
- the switching unit 40 is connected via a communication line 52 with the
- Battery management system 50 connected.
- the communication line 52 is part of a bus system present in the vehicle, for example a CAN bus.
- the switching unit 40 communicates with the battery management system 50 via the communication line 52.
- the battery management system 50 serves, inter alia, to control the main switches 21, 22 and the
- the battery management system 50 is powered from a vehicle electrical system 54, which is designed as a low-voltage electrical system with a rated voltage of 12 V, for example.
- the vehicle electrical system 54 is fed by a not shown DC-DC converter from the battery 14, that is supplied with electrical energy.
- Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of the switching unit 40 of Figure 1.
- the switching unit 40 is presently designed as "ePDU” (Enclosure Power Distribution Unit). As already mentioned, the switching unit 40 comprises several
- Inputs 38 and an output 36 are each connected by means of a current path 48 to the output 36.
- the switching unit 40 in this case represents a structural unit.
- Each current path 48 has a switch 42, which is designed, for example, as a MOSFET.
- the switches 42 are independently controllable.
- the switching unit 40 thus comprises a plurality of switches 42 for separately switching on and for the separate switching off of the battery strings 12 connected to the inputs 38.
- Each current path 48 also has a current sensor 44.
- Each current sensor 44 serves to measure a current flowing in the current path 48.
- Switching unit 40 thus comprises a plurality of current sensors 44 for separately measuring currents flowing in the connected battery strings 12
- the switching unit 40 further comprises a control module 46.
- the control module 46 is connected to the switches 42 and to the current sensors 44 of the individual current paths 48.
- the switching unit 40 receives measured values of the battery currents IB from the current sensors 44 and drives the switches 42. Also, the switching unit 40 includes a communication interface 32. To the
- Communication interface 32 is the communication line 52
- the communication interface 32 is also connected to the control module 46.
- the precharge switch 20 is open. From each battery string 12 of the battery 14, a battery current IB flows into the switching unit 40. The individual battery currents IB can have different values. The drive current IA flows from the switching unit 40 to the load 30. Der DC link capacitor 16 is fully charged. The drive current IA results as the sum of the battery currents IB.
- the battery currents IB flowing in the individual battery strings 12 flow through the current paths 48 of the switching unit 40 and are supplied by the
- Current sensors 44 of the switching unit 40 is measured separately.
- the measured values of the current sensors 44 are received by the control module 46.
- the control module 46 compares the recorded measured values of the current sensors 44 with predetermined limit values.
- the control module 46 opens the switch 42 in the corresponding current path 48.
- the corresponding battery string 12 is turned off.
- the remaining battery strings 12 whose battery currents IB do not exceed the assigned limit remain switched on.
- Each battery string 12 is assigned a separate limit value in the present case, which depends on, among other things, an internal structure or an embodiment of the battery string 12.
- the battery management system 50 transmits the limit values assigned to the individual battery strings 12 via the communication line 52 and the communication interface 32 to the switching unit 40 and to the control module 46. It is also conceivable that the limit values in the control module 46 are fixed.
- each battery string 12 is statically associated with a limit value.
- the limit values become unique from the
- Battery management system 50 dynamically determined and transmitted to the control module 46.
- the transmission of the limit values can take place cyclically or event-controlled.
- a threshold for a battery string 12 is thus re-determined by the battery management system 50 during the operation of the drive system 10 and the vehicle under changed conditions.
- Such conditions that cause a change of a limit value for example, a temperature or a state of charge of at least one of the battery cells 2 of the relevant
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102017204065.3A DE102017204065A1 (en) | 2017-03-13 | 2017-03-13 | Drive system for a vehicle and method for operating a drive system |
PCT/EP2018/055854 WO2018166900A1 (en) | 2017-03-13 | 2018-03-09 | Drive system for a vehicle, method for operating a drive system, and use of the drive system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3595925A1 true EP3595925A1 (en) | 2020-01-22 |
Family
ID=61622595
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18710447.6A Withdrawn EP3595925A1 (en) | 2017-03-13 | 2018-03-09 | Drive system for a vehicle, method for operating a drive system, and use of the drive system |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3595925A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN110382287B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102017204065A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018166900A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102018216192A1 (en) * | 2018-09-24 | 2020-03-26 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for separating a faulty module from a parallel network of a plurality of modules of a battery for an electrically powered means of transportation |
DE102019200034A1 (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2020-07-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electric vehicle, in particular construction machine, and method for operating an electric vehicle |
DE102019200032A1 (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2020-07-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating a battery system and battery system |
CN113998123B (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2023-06-02 | 广东汇天航空航天科技有限公司 | Power system, flyable device and power control method |
DE102021128806A1 (en) | 2021-11-05 | 2023-05-11 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Electrical system for a motor vehicle and method for providing energy in an electrical system |
DE102021213237A1 (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2023-05-25 | Avl Schrick Gmbh | DISTRIBUTION DEVICE FOR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRICAL POWER FROM AT LEAST TWO BATTERY SUBMODULES TO POWER CONSUMER |
DE102023102912A1 (en) | 2023-02-07 | 2024-08-08 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Battery and motor vehicle with such a battery |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2001185228A (en) * | 1999-12-24 | 2001-07-06 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Electric power supply equipped with battery |
JP5329851B2 (en) * | 2008-06-23 | 2013-10-30 | 株式会社東芝 | Power supply |
CN101570147B (en) * | 2009-06-01 | 2011-05-11 | 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 | Electric automobile battery system structure |
DE102010027857A1 (en) * | 2010-04-16 | 2011-10-20 | Sb Limotive Company Ltd. | Coupling unit and battery module with integrated pulse inverter and increased reliability |
WO2011132311A1 (en) | 2010-04-23 | 2011-10-27 | 株式会社 日立製作所 | Battery assembly and method for controlling battery assembly |
JP5477778B2 (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2014-04-23 | スズキ株式会社 | Control device for battery parallel connection circuit |
JP2012050158A (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-03-08 | Suzuki Motor Corp | Electric vehicle |
US9024586B2 (en) | 2010-10-14 | 2015-05-05 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Battery fault tolerant architecture for cell failure modes series bypass circuit |
DE102012210908A1 (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | A method of operating an electric traction drive system with battery direct inverter and associated control device |
DE102013013170A1 (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2014-07-24 | Daimler Ag | Battery e.g. high voltage lithium ion battery for electric vehicle, has battery management system that closes semiconductor switches to short-circuit poles of single cells, when temperature of cells is below threshold temperature |
DE102014200096A1 (en) * | 2014-01-08 | 2015-07-09 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | A battery management system for monitoring and controlling the operation of a battery and battery system having such a battery management system |
DE102014109092A1 (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2015-12-31 | Thyssenkrupp Ag | Drive system for a submarine |
-
2017
- 2017-03-13 DE DE102017204065.3A patent/DE102017204065A1/en active Pending
-
2018
- 2018-03-09 CN CN201880017903.7A patent/CN110382287B/en active Active
- 2018-03-09 WO PCT/EP2018/055854 patent/WO2018166900A1/en unknown
- 2018-03-09 EP EP18710447.6A patent/EP3595925A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102017204065A1 (en) | 2018-09-13 |
CN110382287B (en) | 2023-07-04 |
WO2018166900A1 (en) | 2018-09-20 |
CN110382287A (en) | 2019-10-25 |
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