EP3593373A1 - Holding device for vacuum interrupters - Google Patents

Holding device for vacuum interrupters

Info

Publication number
EP3593373A1
EP3593373A1 EP18716923.0A EP18716923A EP3593373A1 EP 3593373 A1 EP3593373 A1 EP 3593373A1 EP 18716923 A EP18716923 A EP 18716923A EP 3593373 A1 EP3593373 A1 EP 3593373A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
openings
base
receiving device
switching device
receiving
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18716923.0A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3593373B1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Kern
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3593373A1 publication Critical patent/EP3593373A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3593373B1 publication Critical patent/EP3593373B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/6606—Terminal arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/52—Cooling of switch parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/52—Cooling of switch parts
    • H01H2009/526—Cooling of switch parts of the high voltage switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/6606—Terminal arrangements
    • H01H2033/6613—Cooling arrangements directly associated with the terminal arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H2033/6665—Details concerning the mounting or supporting of the individual vacuum bottles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an improved recording ⁇ device for vacuum interrupters and a switchgear with such a recording device.
  • the warming is the limiting factor in the design ei ⁇ ner switchgear for a specific rated current, since be agreed ⁇ , predetermined temperatures at stromur ⁇ Governing components may not be exceeded by standards.
  • the vacuum interrupter which is a central component of modern switchgear, causes a considerable proportion of the total power loss due to its resistance.
  • the power dissipation significantly discharged via the mobile and the fixed contact and it comes in these areas without ⁇ avoidable for the formation of hot spots.
  • a unipolar encapsulated switchgear with vertically ⁇ orderly vacuum interrupter - as shown in Fig. 1 in detail - accumulates the heat generated by power loss (indicated by arrow 3), since the Consunrich ⁇ device 1 with base 2 for receiving the vacuum interrupter 20 at the same time fixed electrical contact and mechanical connection point to the housing 40, which must be electrically isolated. For this reason, only limited heat can be dissipated by means of heat conduction in Rich ⁇ tion housing 40 from the base 2 and theracvor ⁇ direction 1, which limits the system rating.
  • a Recordin ⁇ mevorraum a switching device which has a receiving opening for receiving a vacuum interrupter, as well as one or more first apertures and one or more second openings.
  • the first openings are disposed closer to the receiving opening when the second openings and the second openings are closer to an outer wall of the switching device at ⁇ ordered than the first openings, so that the induced Ermér ⁇ mung in the switching device thermal convection Ström in the switching device through the first openings in a ers ⁇ th direction and by the second openings in a first direction opposite to the second direction is passed.
  • the receiving device has a passage and a base mounted on the passage, wherein the first opening are arranged in the base and wherein the second openings are arranged in the passage.
  • the base can be made of electrically conductive material, in particular copper or aluminum.
  • the implementation may be made of electrically conductive or non-conductive material. If the implementation of electrically conductive material, an electrically non-conductive element mon ⁇ advantage between the base and implementation.
  • a ring made of conductive material connected to the base or made in one piece therewith can be arranged, by means of which the heat dissipation area is increased.
  • the base and ring can be integrally ge ⁇ prepared.
  • the present invention further relates to a switching device with such a receiving device.
  • the switching device has a vacuum interrupter, a main flow path and a housing of thermally conductive material, in particular aluminum.
  • the switching device is filled with an insulating gas, which heats up during operation of the switching device on the main current ⁇ path, rises to the receiving device, passes through the first openings and further heated at the receiving device and passes after further ascend to an inner wall of the housing, Cools down there, sinks and passes through the second openings back into the area of the main ⁇ current path.
  • An important advantage of the present invention is that due to the particular arrangement of the first and second openings relative to each other, the thermal convection onsstrom is transported in the switching device.
  • the convection current is passed close to or through the base where ⁇ resulting from the hot spot at that particular (contacting Zvi ⁇ rule base and the vacuum interrupter) is effec- heat dissipated tiv.
  • the invention more compact ⁇ From measurements and / or higher current ratings of the switchgear are ⁇ it enables compared to solutions in which increased as copper ⁇ cross-sections or heat transfer surfaces increases ⁇ the heat to dissipate.
  • FIG. 1 shows a detail of a single-pole encapsulated switchgear with vertically arranged vacuum interrupter in a schematic representation
  • FIG. 2 shows a receiving device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in perspective view
  • Fig. 3 shows a receiving device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in plan view ⁇ ;
  • Fig. 5 shows the thermal convection in the range ner egg receiving device according to a preferred execution ⁇ example of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a detail of a unipolar encapsulated switchgear with vertically arranged vacuum interrupter in a schematic representation, in which the heat generated by power loss (indicated by arrow 3) on the conventional recording device 1 with her ⁇ conventional socket 2 for receiving the vacuum interrupter 20 dammed.
  • the base 2 of the receiving device 1 is the elekt ⁇ rical fixed contact between the main flow path 30 and vacuum ⁇ interrupter 20 and together with receiving device 1, the mechanical connection point to the housing 40. Since base 2 and housing 40 must be electrically isolated from each other, and the heat conduction between the Socket (which in turn forms a hot spot) and the housing greatly restricted. The rising heat 3 and the base 2 resulting or out of the vacuum interrupter 20 there conducted heat can be dissipated only poorly.
  • FIG. 2 shows an improved recording apparatus 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present ⁇ invention in perspective view; Fig. 3 in top looks.
  • Receiving device 10 has a receiving opening 13 for receiving a vacuum interrupter, which can be realized ⁇ advantageously in the form of a base 10.
  • On ⁇ receiving device 10 also has a so-called implementation 12.
  • Recording device 10 has, as already explained in connection with FIG. 1, on the one hand the task of ensuring a reliable electrical contact between a main flow path of a switching device and the vacuum interrupter and on the other hand, the task of mecha ⁇ nically record the vacuum interrupter, the housing of the switching device stabilize ⁇ and ensure that the (usually electrically conductive) housing at any time reliable electrically isolated from the main flow path and the live parts of Vakuumschaltrschreibe. Shape and dimensions of the on ⁇ sampling device play a more minor role for the present invention; It is only important that the receiving device 10 fulfills the tasks described above.
  • Receiving device 10 is preferably formed from a passage 12 made of non-conductive material and base 11 made of good conductive material such as copper or aluminum. minium. Alternatively, it is also possible to manufacture the feedthrough 12 from conductive material, but then sufficient electrical insulation must be provided elsewhere (for example, between the base 11 and feedthrough 12).
  • Receiving device 10 has at least one first opening 14 which is arranged closer to the receiving opening 13 than at least one second opening 15.
  • the at least one second opening 15 is arranged closer to the outer wall or closer to the housing of the switching device than the at least one first opening 14th
  • a total of eight first openings 14 are shown as well as a total of ten second openings 15.
  • the openings while having a circular cross section because the structural integrity and the stability of the receiving apparatus 10 is the lowest possible impressed ⁇ adversely by this cross-section.
  • the production of such a modified on ⁇ receiving device 10 with base 11 is hardly expensive than the production of a conventional recording device with conventional socket, which is why the invention achieves its advantages oh ⁇ ne significant additional manufacturing effort.
  • Fig. 4 shows a single-pole encapsulated switchgear 100 with vertically arranged vacuum interrupter 20 in a schematic representation.
  • a housing 40 encloses a main flow path 30 and vacuum interrupter 20, which is mechanically fixed by a receiving device 10.
  • the housing 40 preferably is located in front ⁇ an insulating gas 50.
  • the other components of the switchgear as well as their function and arrangement corresponding to the manifold, well known to those skilled in state of the art and will not be explained here in terms of a scarce and rationalizing Dar ⁇ position.
  • the receiving device has inner openings 14 and outer openings 15, as explained in connection with FIGS. 2 and 3 in detail.
  • the current-carrying parts heat up and give off heat to the insulating gas, whereupon a thermal convection current forms in the housing.
  • This thermal convection current is explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 5.
  • Fig. 5 shows an enlarged Dar ⁇ position of the area around the receiving device 10 of FIG. 4.
  • main current path 30 heats up due to the induced current flow dissipation and heat to which the main current path surrounding insulating gas from. This he heated insulating gas rises to the receiving device 10
  • the insulating gas heats up at the base 11 and possibly the ring 16 and continues to rise. Depending on the configuration of the switchgear 100, the insulating gas heats up on other components or assemblies.
  • the insulating he ⁇ warmed increases as long, until it reaches an inner wall of the housing 40 cools down there, decreases and passes through the second openings 15 again in the region of the main flow path 30.

Landscapes

  • Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to an improved holding device for vacuum interrupters and to a switchgear having a holding device of this kind. The holding device (10) has a holding opening (13) for holding a vacuum interrupter (20) and one or more first openings (14) and one or more second openings (15). The first openings (14) are nearer the holding opening (13) than the second openings (15) and the second openings (15) are nearer an outer wall of the switch device (100) than the first openings (14), such that the thermal convection current in the switch device caused by heating in the switch device is conducted through the first openings (14) in a first direction (51) and through the second openings (15) in a second direction (52) which is opposite the first direction.

Description

Beschreibung description
Aufnahmevorrichtung für Vakuumschaltröhren Receiving device for vacuum interrupters
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine verbesserte Aufnahme¬ vorrichtung für Vakuumschaltröhren sowie eine Schaltanlage mit einer derartigen Aufnahmevorrichtung . The present invention relates to an improved recording ¬ device for vacuum interrupters and a switchgear with such a recording device.
In gasisolierten Schaltanlagen kommt es während des Betriebes zur Erwärmung der stromführenden Teile, der so genannten Hauptstrombahn . Die Wärmeentwicklung resultiert aus der durch den elektrischen Widerstand der Hauptstrombahn hervorgerufe¬ nen Verlustleistung. Dieser elektrische Widerstand setzt sich aus verschiedenen Bestandteilen zusammen: zum einen aus den Leitungswiderständen der stromführenden Teile selbst, be¬ stimmt durch deren Querschnitt, Länge und Leitermaterial; und zum anderen aus den Übergangswiderständen an den Kontaktstel¬ len zwischen verschiedenen Teilen der Hauptstrombahn . Dabei besitzen vor allem nicht feste Kontaktstellen an beweglichen Teilen der Strombahn - z.B. den Kontakten bzw. KontaktSyste¬ men der Vakuumschaltröhre - hohe Widerstände, die zu hohen lokalen Erwärmungen, den so genannten Hot Spots, führen. In gas-insulated switchgear it comes during operation to the heating of the live parts, the so-called main flow path. The heat development results from the loss of power caused by the electrical resistance of the main current path . This electrical resistance is composed of various components: on the one hand from the line resistance of the current-carrying parts themselves, ¬ be determined by their cross-section, length and conductor material; and on the other hand from the contact resistance at the Kontaktstel ¬ len between different parts of the main flow path. For example, the contacts or KontaktSyste ¬ men of the vacuum interrupter - - Here, have mostly not fixed contact points on moving parts of the current path high resistances, which lead to high local temperature rises, the hot spots so-called.
Die Erwärmung ist die begrenzende Größe bei der Auslegung ei¬ ner Schaltanlage für einen bestimmten Bemessungsstrom, da be¬ stimmte, durch Normen vorgegebene Temperaturen an stromfüh¬ renden Bauteilen nicht überschritten werden dürfen. The warming is the limiting factor in the design ei ¬ ner switchgear for a specific rated current, since be agreed ¬, predetermined temperatures at stromfüh ¬ Governing components may not be exceeded by standards.
Um die Erwärmung in der Anlage zu minimieren und einen mög¬ lichst hohen Bemessungsstrom zu ermöglichen, ist es daher notwendig, zum einen den Widerstand der Hauptstrombahn so ge¬ ring wie möglich zu halten und zum anderen die Wärmeabfuhr durch die drei Arten des Wärmetransportes - Wärmestrahlung, Konvektion und Wärmeleitung - zu maximieren. In order to minimize the heating in the system and to enable a mög ¬ lichst high rated current, it is therefore necessary, on the one hand to keep the resistance of the main current path so ge ¬ ring as possible and secondly, the heat dissipation by the three modes of heat transfer - heat radiation , Convection and heat conduction - to maximize.
Die Vakuumschaltröhre als zentraler Bestandteil moderner Schaltanlagen verursacht durch ihren Widerstand einen merkli- chen Anteil der Gesamtverlustleistung. Hierbei wird die Ver- lustleistung maßgeblich über den beweglichen als auch den Festkontakt abgeführt und es kommt in diesen Bereichen unver¬ meidbar zur Ausbildung von Hot Spots. Bei einer einpolig gekapselten Schaltanlage mit vertikal an¬ geordneter Vakuumschaltröhre - wie in Fig. 1 im Ausschnitt dargestellt - staut sich die durch Verlustleistung erzeugte Wärme (angedeutet durch Pfeil 3) , da die Aufnahmevorrich¬ tung 1 mit Sockel 2 zur Aufnahme der Vakuumschaltröhre 20 gleichzeitig elektrischer Festkontakt und mechanischer Anbin- dungspunkt zum Gehäuse 40 ist, der elektrisch isoliert sein muss. Aus diesem Grund kann vom Sockel 2 und der Aufnahmevor¬ richtung 1 nur limitiert Wärme mittels Wärmeleitung in Rich¬ tung Gehäuse 40 abgeführt werden, was das Anlagenrating be- grenzt . The vacuum interrupter, which is a central component of modern switchgear, causes a considerable proportion of the total power loss due to its resistance. Here, the power dissipation significantly discharged via the mobile and the fixed contact and it comes in these areas without ¬ avoidable for the formation of hot spots. In a unipolar encapsulated switchgear with vertically ¬ orderly vacuum interrupter - as shown in Fig. 1 in detail - accumulates the heat generated by power loss (indicated by arrow 3), since the Aufnahmevorrich ¬ device 1 with base 2 for receiving the vacuum interrupter 20 at the same time fixed electrical contact and mechanical connection point to the housing 40, which must be electrically isolated. For this reason, only limited heat can be dissipated by means of heat conduction in Rich ¬ tion housing 40 from the base 2 and the Aufnahmevor ¬ direction 1, which limits the system rating.
Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine verbesserte Aufnahmevorrichtung für Vakuumschaltröhren anzu¬ geben . It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an improved holding device for vacuum interrupters give ¬.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch eine Aufnah¬ mevorrichtung eines Schaltgeräts, die eine Aufnahmeöffnung zur Aufnahme einer Vakuumschaltröhre aufweist sowie eine oder mehrere erste Öffnungen und eine oder mehrere zweite Öffnun- gen. Die ersten Öffnungen sind dabei näher an der Aufnahme- öffnung angeordnet als die zweiten Öffnungen und die zweiten Öffnungen sind näher an einer Außenwand des Schaltgeräts an¬ geordnet als die ersten Öffnungen, so dass der durch Erwär¬ mung im Schaltgerät hervorgerufene thermische Konvektions- ström im Schaltgerät durch die ersten Öffnungen in einer ers¬ ten Richtung und durch die zweiten Öffnungen in einer der ersten Richtung entgegengesetzten zweiten Richtung geleitet wird . Gemäß einer Weiterbildung der vorliegenden Erfindung weist die Aufnahmevorrichtung eine Durchführung sowie einen auf die Durchführung montierten Sockel auf, wobei die ersten Öffnun- gen im Sockel angeordnet sind und wobei die zweiten Öffnungen in der Durchführung angeordnet sind. This object is inventively achieved by a Recordin ¬ mevorrichtung a switching device which has a receiving opening for receiving a vacuum interrupter, as well as one or more first apertures and one or more second openings. The first openings are disposed closer to the receiving opening when the second openings and the second openings are closer to an outer wall of the switching device at ¬ ordered than the first openings, so that the induced Erwär ¬ mung in the switching device thermal convection Ström in the switching device through the first openings in a ers ¬ th direction and by the second openings in a first direction opposite to the second direction is passed. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the receiving device has a passage and a base mounted on the passage, wherein the first opening are arranged in the base and wherein the second openings are arranged in the passage.
Dabei kann der Sockel aus elektrisch leitfähigem Material, insbesondere Kupfer oder Aluminium, gefertigt sein. In this case, the base can be made of electrically conductive material, in particular copper or aluminum.
Die Durchführung kann aus elektrisch leitendem oder nicht leitendem Material gefertigt sein. Falls die Durchführung aus elektrisch leitfähigem Material besteht, wird zwischen Sockel und Durchführung ein elektrisch nicht leitendes Element mon¬ tiert . The implementation may be made of electrically conductive or non-conductive material. If the implementation of electrically conductive material, an electrically non-conductive element mon ¬ advantage between the base and implementation.
Zur Verbesserung der Wärmeableitung am Sockel kann ein mit dem Sockel verbundener oder einstückig mit diesem hergestell- ter Ring aus leitfähigem Material angeordnet werden, durch welchen die Wärmeableitfläche vergrößert wird. To improve the heat dissipation at the base, a ring made of conductive material connected to the base or made in one piece therewith can be arranged, by means of which the heat dissipation area is increased.
In einer Ausgestaltung können Sockel und Ring einstückig ge¬ fertigt sein. In one embodiment, the base and ring can be integrally ge ¬ prepared.
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Schaltgerät mit einer derartigen Aufnahmevorrichtung . The present invention further relates to a switching device with such a receiving device.
In einer Weiterbildung weist das erfindungsgemäße Schaltgerät eine Vakuumschaltröhre, eine Hauptstrombahn und ein Gehäuse aus thermisch leitfähigem Material, insbesondere Aluminium, auf. Das Schaltgerät ist dabei mit einem Isoliergas gefüllt, welches sich im Betrieb des Schaltgeräts an der Hauptstrom¬ bahn erwärmt, zur Aufnahmevorrichtung aufsteigt, durch die ersten Öffnungen tritt und sich an der Aufnahmevorrichtung weiter erwärmt und nach weiterem Aufsteigen an eine innere Wandung des Gehäuses gelangt, sich dort abkühlt, absinkt und durch die zweiten Öffnungen wieder in den Bereich der Haupt¬ strombahn gelangt. In a further development, the switching device according to the invention has a vacuum interrupter, a main flow path and a housing of thermally conductive material, in particular aluminum. The switching device is filled with an insulating gas, which heats up during operation of the switching device on the main current ¬ path, rises to the receiving device, passes through the first openings and further heated at the receiving device and passes after further ascend to an inner wall of the housing, Cools down there, sinks and passes through the second openings back into the area of the main ¬ current path.
Ein wichtiger Vorteil der vorliegenden Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, dass durch die besondere Anordnung der ersten und zweiten Öffnungen relativ zueinander der thermische Konvekti- onsstrom im Schaltgerät befördert wird. Insbesondere wird der Konvektionsstrom nahe beim bzw. durch den Sockel geführt, wo¬ durch die an diesem speziellen Hot Spot (Kontaktierung zwi¬ schen Sockel und Vakuumschaltröhre) entstehende Wärme effek- tiv abgeführt wird. Durch die Erfindung werden kompaktere Ab¬ messungen und/oder höhere Strom-Ratings der Schaltanlage er¬ möglicht gegenüber Lösungen, bei denen beispielsweise Kupfer¬ querschnitte erhöht oder Wärmetransferflächen vergrößert wer¬ den, um Wärme abzuleiten. An important advantage of the present invention is that due to the particular arrangement of the first and second openings relative to each other, the thermal convection onsstrom is transported in the switching device. In particular, the convection current is passed close to or through the base where ¬ resulting from the hot spot at that particular (contacting Zvi ¬ rule base and the vacuum interrupter) is effec- heat dissipated tiv. The invention more compact ¬ From measurements and / or higher current ratings of the switchgear are ¬ it enables compared to solutions in which increased as copper ¬ cross-sections or heat transfer surfaces increases ¬ the heat to dissipate.
Im Folgenden werden Ausführungsbeispiele der vorliegenden Er¬ findung anhand von Figuren näher erläutert. Embodiments of the present invention ¬ be explained with reference to figures.
Fig. 1 zeigt ein Detail einer einpolig gekapselten Schaltan- läge mit vertikal angeordneter Vakuumschaltröhre in schemati- scher Darstellung; 1 shows a detail of a single-pole encapsulated switchgear with vertically arranged vacuum interrupter in a schematic representation;
Fig. 2 zeigt eine Aufnahmevorrichtung gemäß eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels der vorliegenden Erfindung in perspekti- vischer Darstellung; 2 shows a receiving device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in perspective view;
Fig. 3 zeigt eine Aufnahmevorrichtung gemäß eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels der vorliegenden Erfindung in Drauf¬ sicht ; Fig. 3 shows a receiving device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in plan view ¬;
Fig. 4 zeigt eine Schaltanlage gemäß eines bevorzugten Aus¬ führungsbeispiels der vorliegenden Erfindung; und 4 shows a switchgear according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and
Fig. 5 zeigt den thermischen Konvektionsstrom im Bereich ei- ner Aufnahmevorrichtung gemäß eines bevorzugten Ausführungs¬ beispiels der vorliegenden Erfindung. Fig. 5 shows the thermal convection in the range ner egg receiving device according to a preferred execution ¬ example of the present invention.
Wie bereits erläutert zeigt Fig. 1 einen Ausschnitt einer einpolig gekapselten Schaltanlage mit vertikal angeordneter Vakuumschaltröhre in schematischer Darstellung, bei der sich die durch Verlustleistung erzeugte Wärme (angedeutet durch Pfeil 3) an der herkömmlichen Aufnahmevorrichtung 1 mit her¬ kömmlichem Sockel 2 zur Aufnahme der Vakuumschaltröhre 20 staut. Der Sockel 2 der Aufnahmevorrichtung 1 ist der elekt¬ rische Festkontakt zwischen Hauptstrombahn 30 und Vakuum¬ schaltröhre 20 und gemeinsam mit Aufnahmevorrichtung 1 der mechanische Anbindungspunkt zum Gehäuse 40. Da Sockel 2 und Gehäuse 40 elektrisch voneinander isoliert sein müssen, ist auch die Wärmeleitung zwischen dem Sockel (der seinerseits einen Hot Spot bildet) und dem Gehäuse stark eingeschränkt. Die aufsteigende Wärme 3 und die Sockel 2 entstehende bzw. aus der Vakuumschaltröhre 20 dorthin geleitete Wärme können nur schlecht abgeführt werden. As already explained, Fig. 1 shows a detail of a unipolar encapsulated switchgear with vertically arranged vacuum interrupter in a schematic representation, in which the heat generated by power loss (indicated by arrow 3) on the conventional recording device 1 with her ¬ conventional socket 2 for receiving the vacuum interrupter 20 dammed. The base 2 of the receiving device 1 is the elekt ¬ rical fixed contact between the main flow path 30 and vacuum ¬ interrupter 20 and together with receiving device 1, the mechanical connection point to the housing 40. Since base 2 and housing 40 must be electrically isolated from each other, and the heat conduction between the Socket (which in turn forms a hot spot) and the housing greatly restricted. The rising heat 3 and the base 2 resulting or out of the vacuum interrupter 20 there conducted heat can be dissipated only poorly.
Fig. 2 zeigt eine verbesserte Aufnahmevorrichtung 10 gemäß eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels der vorliegenden Er¬ findung in perspektivischer Darstellung; Fig. 3 in Drauf- sieht. Aufnahmevorrichtung 10 weist eine Aufnahmeöffnung 13 zur Aufnahme einer Vakuumschaltröhre auf, die vorteilhafter¬ weise in Form eines Sockels 10 realisiert werden kann. Auf¬ nahmevorrichtung 10 weist ferner eine sogenannte Durchführung 12 auf. Fig. 2 shows an improved recording apparatus 10 according to a preferred embodiment of the present ¬ invention in perspective view; Fig. 3 in top looks. Receiving device 10 has a receiving opening 13 for receiving a vacuum interrupter, which can be realized ¬ advantageously in the form of a base 10. On ¬ receiving device 10 also has a so-called implementation 12.
Aufnahmevorrichtung 10 hat, wie im Zusammenhang mit Fig. 1 bereits erläutert, einerseits die Aufgabe, eine zuverlässige elektrische Kontaktierung zwischen einer Hauptstrombahn eines Schaltgeräts und der Vakuumschaltröhre zu gewährleisten und andererseits auch die Aufgabe, die Vakuumschaltröhre mecha¬ nisch aufzunehmen, das Gehäuse des Schaltgeräts zu stabili¬ sieren und sicherzustellen, dass das (in der Regel elektrisch leitende) Gehäuse zu jeder Zeit zuverlässig elektrisch von der Hauptstrombahn und den spannungsführenden Teilen der Va- kuumschaltröhre isoliert ist. Form und Dimensionen der Auf¬ nahmevorrichtung spielen für die vorliegende Erfindung eine weit untergeordnete Rolle; wichtig ist lediglich, dass die Aufnahmevorrichtung 10 die vorstehend beschriebenen Aufgaben erfüllt . Recording device 10 has, as already explained in connection with FIG. 1, on the one hand the task of ensuring a reliable electrical contact between a main flow path of a switching device and the vacuum interrupter and on the other hand, the task of mecha ¬ nically record the vacuum interrupter, the housing of the switching device stabilize ¬ and ensure that the (usually electrically conductive) housing at any time reliable electrically isolated from the main flow path and the live parts of Vakuumschaltröhre. Shape and dimensions of the on ¬ sampling device play a more minor role for the present invention; It is only important that the receiving device 10 fulfills the tasks described above.
Aufnahmevorrichtung 10 wird vorzugsweise gebildet aus einer Durchführung 12 aus nichtleitendem Material und Sockel 11 aus gut leitfähigem Material wie beispielsweise Kupfer oder Alu- minium. Alternativ ist es möglich, auch die Durchführung 12 aus leitfähigem Material zu fertigen, allerdings muss dann an anderer Stelle (z.B. zwischen Sockel 11 und Durchführung 12) für eine hinreichende elektrische Isolation gesorgt werden. Receiving device 10 is preferably formed from a passage 12 made of non-conductive material and base 11 made of good conductive material such as copper or aluminum. minium. Alternatively, it is also possible to manufacture the feedthrough 12 from conductive material, but then sufficient electrical insulation must be provided elsewhere (for example, between the base 11 and feedthrough 12).
Aufnahmevorrichtung 10 weist mindestens eine erste Öffnung 14 auf, die näher an der Aufnahmeöffnung 13 angeordnet ist als mindestens eine zweite Öffnung 15. Die mindestens eine zweite Öffnung 15 ist näher an der Außenwand bzw. näher am Gehäuse des Schaltgeräts angeordnet als die mindestens eine erste Öffnung 14. Receiving device 10 has at least one first opening 14 which is arranged closer to the receiving opening 13 than at least one second opening 15. The at least one second opening 15 is arranged closer to the outer wall or closer to the housing of the switching device than the at least one first opening 14th
Im Beispiel der Fig. 2 sind insgesamt acht erste Öffnungen 14 dargestellt sowie insgesamt zehn zweite Öffnungen 15. Die Öffnungen haben dabei einen kreisförmigen Querschnitt, da durch diesen Querschnitt die strukturelle Integrität bzw. die Stabilität der Aufnahmevorrichtung 10 geringstmöglich beein¬ trächtigt wird. Die Fertigung einer derart modifizierten Auf¬ nahmevorrichtung 10 mit Sockel 11 ist kaum aufwendiger als die Fertigung einer herkömmlichen Aufnahmevorrichtung mit herkömmlichem Sockel, weshalb die Erfindung ihre Vorteile oh¬ ne nennenswerten zusätzlichen Fertigungsaufwand erreicht. In the example of FIG. 2, a total of eight first openings 14 are shown as well as a total of ten second openings 15. The openings while having a circular cross section because the structural integrity and the stability of the receiving apparatus 10 is the lowest possible impressed ¬ adversely by this cross-section. The production of such a modified on ¬ receiving device 10 with base 11 is hardly expensive than the production of a conventional recording device with conventional socket, which is why the invention achieves its advantages oh ¬ ne significant additional manufacturing effort.
Aufgrund der verbesserten Wärmeableitung am Sockel 11 ist es sogar möglich, den Sockel kompakter herzustellen, ohne dass die maximal zulässige Sockeltemperatur im Betrieb überschrit¬ ten wird. Gleichzeitig wird durch die Öffnungen weniger hoch¬ wertiges Material verbraucht, so dass ein gemäß der vorlie¬ genden Erfindung ausgebildeter Sockel einer Aufnahmevorrich- tung kostengünstiger hergestellt werden kann als ein herkömm¬ licher Sockel. Durch einen kompakteren Sockel reduzieren sich auch die äußeren Abmessungen der Schaltanlage. Due to the improved heat dissipation to the base 11 it is even possible to make the base more compact without the maximum permissible base temperature is in operation überschrit ¬ th. At the same so that space formed in accordance with the invention vorlie ¬ constricting base of a Aufnahmevorrich- tung can be produced at lower cost than a herkömm ¬ Licher base is consumed by the openings ¬ less high quality material. A more compact base reduces the external dimensions of the switchgear.
Grundsätzlich gilt, dass die sich aus der vorliegenden Erfin- dung ergebenden Vorteile mit der Summe der Querschnittsflä¬ chen der ersten Öffnungen 14 und der Summe der Querschnitts¬ flächen der zweiten Öffnungen 15 wachsen. Allerdings beein¬ trächtigen die Öffnungen 14, 15 die Stabilität der Aufnahme- Vorrichtung, so dass sich abhängig vom konkreten Anwendungs¬ fall ein mit herkömmlichen Berechnungs- und Simulationsver¬ fahren ermittelbares Optimum aus Anzahl und Anordnung der Öffnungen 14, 15 und Material und Materialstärke der Aufnah- mevorrichtung 10 und ihrer Komponenten ergibt. In principle, which grow out of the present inventions dung resulting advantages with the sum of Querschnittsflä ¬ surfaces of the first openings 14 and the sum of the cross-section ¬ surfaces of the second openings 15 °. However, impressive ¬ affect the openings 14, 15, the stability of the recording Device, so that, depending on the specific application ¬ case an ascertainable with conventional calculation and Simulationsver ¬ drive optimum results from the number and arrangement of the openings 14, 15 and material and material thickness of the recording device 10 and its components.
Fig. 4 zeigt eine einpolig gekapselte Schaltanlage 100 mit vertikal angeordneter Vakuumschaltröhre 20 in schematischer Darstellung. Ein Gehäuse 40 umschließt eine Hauptstrombahn 30 und Vakuumschaltröhre 20, die von einer Aufnahmevorrichtung 10 mechanisch fixiert wird. Im Gehäuse 40 befindet sich vor¬ zugsweise ein Isoliergas 50. Die weiteren Komponenten der Schaltanlage sowie ihre Funktion und Anordnung entsprechen dem vielfältigen, dem Fachmann wohlbekannten Stand der Tech- nik und werden im Sinne einer knappen und zweckmäßigen Dar¬ stellung hier nicht näher erläutert. Fig. 4 shows a single-pole encapsulated switchgear 100 with vertically arranged vacuum interrupter 20 in a schematic representation. A housing 40 encloses a main flow path 30 and vacuum interrupter 20, which is mechanically fixed by a receiving device 10. In the housing 40 preferably is located in front ¬ an insulating gas 50. The other components of the switchgear as well as their function and arrangement corresponding to the manifold, well known to those skilled in state of the art and will not be explained here in terms of a scarce and rationalizing Dar ¬ position.
Die Aufnahmevorrichtung weist innere Öffnungen 14 und äußere Öffnungen 15 auf, wie im Zusammenhang mit Fig. 2 und 3 im De- tail erläutert. Im Betrieb der Schaltanlage 100 erwärmen sich die stromführenden Teile und geben Wärme an das Isoliergas ab, woraufhin sich im Gehäuse ein thermischer Konvektions- strom bildet . Dieser thermische Konvektionsstrom wird im Folgenden anhand Fig. 5 näher erläutert. Fig. 5 zeigt eine vergrößerte Dar¬ stellung des Bereichs um die Aufnahmevorrichtung 10 aus Fig. 4. Hauptstrombahn 30 erwärmt sich aufgrund der durch den Stromfluss hervorgerufenen Verlustleistung und gibt Wärme an das die Hauptstrombahn umgebende Isoliergas ab. Dieses er¬ wärmte Isoliergas steigt zur Aufnahmevorrichtung 10 auf The receiving device has inner openings 14 and outer openings 15, as explained in connection with FIGS. 2 and 3 in detail. During operation of the switchgear 100, the current-carrying parts heat up and give off heat to the insulating gas, whereupon a thermal convection current forms in the housing. This thermal convection current is explained in more detail below with reference to FIG. 5. Fig. 5 shows an enlarged Dar ¬ position of the area around the receiving device 10 of FIG. 4. main current path 30 heats up due to the induced current flow dissipation and heat to which the main current path surrounding insulating gas from. This he heated insulating gas rises to the receiving device 10
(schematisch dargestellt durch Pfeil 51) und tritt durch die ersten Öffnungen 14 im Sockel 11. Das Isoliergas erwärmt sich am Sockel 11 und ggf. dessen Ring 16 weiter und steigt weiter auf. Je nach Ausgestaltung der Schaltanlage 100 erwärmt sich das Isoliergas an weiteren Bauteilen oder Baugruppen. Das er¬ wärmte Isoliergas steigt solange auf, bis es an eine innere Wandung des Gehäuses 40 gelangt, sich dort abkühlt, absinkt und durch die zweiten Öffnungen 15 wieder in den Bereich der Hauptstrombahn 30 gelangt. (shown schematically by arrow 51) and passes through the first openings 14 in the base 11. The insulating gas heats up at the base 11 and possibly the ring 16 and continues to rise. Depending on the configuration of the switchgear 100, the insulating gas heats up on other components or assemblies. The insulating he ¬ warmed increases as long, until it reaches an inner wall of the housing 40 cools down there, decreases and passes through the second openings 15 again in the region of the main flow path 30.
Die vorstehende Beschreibung stellt nur die bevorzugten Aus- führungsbeispiele der Erfindung dar und soll nicht als Defi¬ nition der Grenzen und des Bereiches der Erfindung dienen. Insbesondere sind von einer vertikalen Anordnung abweichende Anordnungen denkbar, bei denen erfindungsgemäße Aufnahmevor¬ richtungen eingesetzt werden können. The foregoing description shows only the preferred exemplary embodiments of the invention and is not intended to serve as defi nition ¬ the limits and scope of the invention. In particular, different arrangements are possible from a vertical arrangement in which the invention Aufnahmevor ¬ directions can be used.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Aufnahmevorrichtung (10) eines Schaltgeräts (100) mit ei¬ ner Aufnahmeöffnung (13) zur Aufnahme einer Vakuumschaltröhre (20), gekennzeichnet durch 1. receiving device (10) of a switching device (100) with egg ¬ ner receiving opening (13) for receiving a vacuum interrupter (20), characterized by
- eine oder mehrere erste Öffnungen (14);  - One or more first openings (14);
- eine oder mehrere zweite Öffnungen (15);  - One or more second openings (15);
wobei die ersten Öffnungen (14) näher an der Aufnahmeöffnung (13) angeordnet sind als die zweiten Öffnungen (15) und wobei die zweiten Öffnungen (15) näher an einer Außenwand des wherein the first openings (14) are located closer to the receiving opening (13) than the second openings (15) and the second openings (15) are closer to an outer wall of the
Schaltgeräts angeordnet sind als die ersten Öffnungen (14), so dass der durch Erwärmung im Schaltgerät hervorgerufene thermische Konvektionsstrom im Schaltgerät durch die ersten Öffnungen in einer ersten Richtung (51) und durch die zweiten Öffnungen in einer der ersten Richtung entgegengesetzten zweiten Richtung (52) geleitet wird.  Switching device are arranged as the first openings (14), so that caused by heating in the switching device thermal convection current in the switching device through the first openings in a first direction (51) and through the second openings in a first direction opposite to the second direction (52) is directed.
2. Aufnahmevorrichtung (10) gemäß Anspruch 1, die eine Durch¬ führung (12) sowie einen auf die Durchführung montierten So- ekel (11) aufweist, wobei die ersten Öffnungen (14) im Sockel (11) angeordnet sind und wobei die zweiten Öffnungen (15) in der Durchführung (12) angeordnet sind. 2. Recording device (10) according to claim 1, which has a through ¬ guide (12) and mounted on the implementation So- disgust (11), wherein the first openings (14) in the base (11) are arranged and wherein the second Openings (15) in the passage (12) are arranged.
3. Aufnahmevorrichtung (10) gemäß Anspruch 2, deren Sockel (11) aus elektrisch leitfähigem Material, insbesondere Kupfer oder Aluminium, gefertigt ist. 3. receiving device (10) according to claim 2, the base (11) made of electrically conductive material, in particular copper or aluminum, is made.
4. Aufnahmevorrichtung (10) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, deren Durchführung (12) aus elektrisch nicht leitendem Ma- terial gefertigt ist. 4. receiving device (10) according to any one of claims 2 or 3, the implementation (12) is made of electrically non-conductive material mate.
5. Aufnahmevorrichtung (10) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, deren Durchführung (12) aus elektrisch leitfähigem Materi¬ al besteht, wobei zwischen Sockel (11) und Durchführung (12) ein elektrisch nichtleitendes Element montiert ist. 5. receiving device (10) according to one of claims 2 or 3, the implementation (12) consists of electrically conductive Materi ¬ al, wherein between the base (11) and passage (12) an electrically non-conductive element is mounted.
6. Aufnahmevorrichtung (10) gemäß einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 5, bei der der Sockel (11) einen Ring (16) aus leitfähigem Material aufweist. 6. receiving device (10) according to one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the base (11) has a ring (16) made of conductive material.
7. Aufnahmevorrichtung (10) gemäß Anspruch 6, bei der Sockel (11) und Ring (16) einstückig gefertigt sind. 7. receiving device (10) according to claim 6, wherein the base (11) and ring (16) are made in one piece.
8. Schaltgerät (100) mit einer Aufnahmevorrichtung (10) gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche. 8. switching device (100) with a receiving device (10) according to one of the preceding claims.
9. Schaltgerät (100) gemäß Anspruch 8 mit einer Vakuumschalt¬ röhre (20), einer Hauptstrombahn (30) und einem Gehäuse (40) aus thermisch leitfähigem Material, insbesondere Aluminium, wobei das Schaltgerät mit einem Isoliergas (50) gefüllt ist, welches sich im Betrieb des Schaltgeräts an der Hauptstrom¬ bahn (30) erwärmt, zur Aufnahmevorrichtung (10) aufsteigt, durch die ersten Öffnungen (14) tritt und sich an der Aufnah¬ mevorrichtung weiter erwärmt und nach weiterem Aufsteigen an eine innere Wandung des Gehäuses (40) gelangt, sich dort ab- kühlt, absinkt und durch die zweiten Öffnungen (15) wieder in den Bereich der Hauptstrombahn (30) gelangt. 9. Switching device (100) according to claim 8 having a vacuum switch ¬ tube (20), a main flow path (30) and a housing (40) made of thermally conductive material, in particular aluminum, wherein the switching device is filled with an insulating gas (50) which heated in the operation of the switching device to the main current ¬ path (30) rises to the receiving device (10), passes through the first openings (14) and further heated at the Aufnah ¬ mevorrichtung and after further rising to an inner wall of the housing ( 40), cools down there, sinks and passes through the second openings (15) back into the region of the main flow path (30).
EP18716923.0A 2017-04-18 2018-03-23 Holding device for vacuum interrupters Active EP3593373B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017206518.4A DE102017206518A1 (en) 2017-04-18 2017-04-18 Receiving device for vacuum interrupters
PCT/EP2018/057466 WO2018192741A1 (en) 2017-04-18 2018-03-23 Holding device for vacuum interrupters

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3593373A1 true EP3593373A1 (en) 2020-01-15
EP3593373B1 EP3593373B1 (en) 2022-08-24

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EP (1) EP3593373B1 (en)
DE (1) DE102017206518A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2926450T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2018192741A1 (en)

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DE102017207973B4 (en) 2017-05-11 2021-11-11 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switchgear arrangement

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DE4140776A1 (en) * 1991-12-06 1993-06-09 Siemens Ag, 8000 Muenchen, De METAL-ENCLOSED GAS-INSULATED SWITCHGEAR WITH A CABLE CONNECTION HOUSING
DE19850206A1 (en) * 1998-10-23 2000-04-27 Siemens Ag Switch and control-gear especially with vacuum contactors
DE10207892B4 (en) * 2002-02-20 2004-02-05 Siemens Ag Vacuum interrupter with a switch contact piece

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DE102017206518A1 (en) 2018-10-18
EP3593373B1 (en) 2022-08-24
ES2926450T3 (en) 2022-10-26

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