EP3587713A1 - Locking device - Google Patents

Abstract

The device described allows a particularly secure locking of wing elements in a frame. Due to the contour of the restricted area, the window is pressed even more firmly into the frame in the event of a break-in attempt and thus locked more tightly.

Description

The invention relates to a device for locking a pivotable wing element, a method for securing a wing element by means of this device, the use of the device for locking a wing element and the use of a leaf spring in a device for locking a wing element.

The present invention is applicable in the field of home security. Burglaries in houses have become common in many areas in recent years. They usually happen through windows or doors because they are often not adequately secured against being pried open and pushed in. There has been no shortage of attempts to increase the mechanical strength of windows and doors. In particular, this includes locking mechanisms in the frame, such as mushroom head locks, which are difficult or impossible to see from the outside. However, these are difficult to attach later without replacing the entire door or window. In DE 20 2016 001 589 describes a device in which a base plate is screwed into the window reveal, which has a groove into which a securing plate can be inserted for securing. However, the possible length of this fuse is limited by the fact that the fuse plate has to be inserted from the side each time the fuse is secured. To unlock, the safety plate must be pushed out of the groove on the side again. This device is therefore not suitable for frequent locking and unlocking.

In DE 20 2016 000 198 describes a snap bolt which is screwed to the window reveal near a window. This snapper is permanently held in the closed position by a spring. When the window is opened by hand from the inside, it is pressed down so that the window can slide over the compressed snap. When the window is closed, the underside of the window slides over the snap. As soon as the window has reached its locking position, the snapper snaps back into its starting position, the locking position, due to the spring force that continues to act. This device has several disadvantages, including that the thickness of the snapper and its exclusive attachment to the reveal do not allow securing the underside and center, which is particularly exposed to attack, in the case of double-leaf windows and doors, and the axis of rotation of the wing element, which is neglected by almost all known locks. Furthermore, the geometry results in a necessary distance of the snapper from the window frame, which is why there is play between the window and the snapper, which allows intrusion tools to penetrate into the gap and thus reduces security.

The object of the present invention was to reduce or even avoid one or more of the disadvantages of the prior art.

This object is achieved by a device, the method and the uses according to the claims.

The invention relates to a device for locking a wing element, which is pivotally mounted in a frame in a reveal of a window or a door, containing a base part with means for fastening the device either to the frame or the wing element or an inner side facing the wing element Reveal, on which the wing element can be pivoted away from the frame, a locking part movable with respect to the base part about an axis of rotation with a sliding surface and a component extending from the sliding surface in the direction of the base part with a locking surface facing away from the axis of rotation, the locking part opposite the Base part about the axis of rotation between a locking position, in which the locking surface is in a position farther from the base part, and an open position, in which the locking surface is in a position closer to the base part, and is rotatably mounted between the base part l and the locking part arranged spring, wherein the locking surface forms an angle of less than 90 degrees to the sliding surface on the side facing away from the base part. Specific objects of the invention are that subject in the alternative embodiments described below for these features, either individually or in combination with other alternative embodiments described below for the other features. Another object is a method for securing a wing element against burglary, in which a device with a base part and with a locking part with a locking surface and a sliding surface is attached to the frame of the wing element, in which the locking surface to the sliding surface on the side facing away from the base part forms an angle of less than 90 degrees.

Another object of the invention is the use of the device according to the invention for locking a wing element in its closed position.

• Figur 1 zeigt schematisch die Stellen auf dem Blendrahmen, an denen die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung an einer Kombination von Fenster und Balkontür angebracht werden kann.
• Figur 2 zeigt schematisch die Stellen auf dem Blendrahmen, an denen die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung an einem doppelflügeligen Fenster angebracht werden kann.
• Figur 3 zeigt schematisch die Ansicht eines Schnitts durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung von der Seite, in der eine Blattfeder das Sperrteil in die Öffnungsstellung drückt.
• Figur 4 zeigt schematisch eine Ansicht eines Schnitts durch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung von der Seite, in der eine Blattfeder das Sperrteil in die Sperrposition drückt.
• Figur 5 zeigt eine schematische Zeichnung der Komponenten- einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung mit einer Rändelschraube.
• In Figur 6 ist schematisch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung gezeigt, bei der das Sperrteil durch eine Rändelschraube in der Sperrstellung fixiert wird.
• Figur 7 zeigt schematisch eine Vergrößerung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, in der die Feder das Sperrteil in die Öffnungsstellung drückt, das Sperrteil aber durch die Rändelschraube in Sperrstellung gehalten wird.
• Figur 8 zeigt schematisch eine Vergrößerung einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, in der die Feder das Sperrteil in die Öffnungsstellung oder die Sperrstellung drückt, das Sperrteil aber durch die Rändelschraube in Sperrstellung gehalten wird.
• Figur 9 zeigt die Winkel im Sperrteil.
• Figur 10 zeigt schematisch eine 3D-Ansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, aus der auch eine der möglichen Längenausdehnungen erkennbar ist.

Another object of the invention is the use of a leaf spring to adjust the functions and applications of a locking device for a wing element.

• Figure 1 schematically shows the locations on the frame where the device according to the invention can be attached to a combination of window and balcony door.
• Figure 2 shows schematically the locations on the frame where the device according to the invention can be attached to a double-leaf window.
• Figure 3 shows schematically the view of a section through a device according to the invention from the side in which a leaf spring presses the locking part in the open position.
• Figure 4 shows schematically a view of a section through a device according to the invention from the side in which a leaf spring presses the locking part into the locking position.
• Figure 5 shows a schematic drawing of the components of a device according to the invention with a knurled screw.
• In Figure 6 a device according to the invention is shown schematically, in which the locking part is fixed in the locking position by a knurled screw.
• Figure 7 shows schematically an enlargement of a device according to the invention, in which the spring presses the locking part in the open position, but the locking part is held in the locked position by the knurled screw.
• Figure 8 shows schematically an enlargement of a device according to the invention, in which the spring presses the locking part into the open position or the locking position, but the locking part is held in the locking position by the knurled screw.
• Figure 9 shows the angles in the locking part.
• Figure 10 shows schematically a 3D view of a device according to the invention, from which one of the possible linear expansions can also be seen.

The device according to the invention serves to increase the security against break-open of wing elements. This is done because the construction of the device means that the wing element to be secured is locked in the closed position.

The device according to the invention is also suitable as an additional security measure in addition to or in combination with conventional closure devices.

The invention is suitable for securing any kind of wing elements. Wing elements are, for example, windows and doors. However, the requirements for different wing elements can vary depending on their function. This results in different embodiments of the invention, which are explained further below. Wing elements are single-wing elements which are installed in a window frame in a wall opening and are pivotally mounted about at least one axis of rotation. Storage in the frame is usually done via hinges and fittings with which the wing element is attached to and in the associated frame. The axis of rotation is vertical for swivel elements and horizontal for tilting elements. Tilt & Turn hardware allows movement around either a vertical or a horizontal axis of rotation. The invention is also suitable for securing double-leaf or multi-leaf doors and windows, provided that they are adjacent to one another. Several devices according to the invention can also be used to secure a single wing element.

Wing elements can be opened and closed by swiveling around the axis of rotation. They are in an open position in the open state and in a closed position in the closed state. The closure is usually effected by bolts or / and locks.

Locking is the fixing of a component in a certain position. A special locking is the fixing of a wing element in the frame on which it is pivotally attached. For the purposes of the invention, the device according to the invention can be attached to all sides of the wing element, that is to say the sides in which the axis of rotation lies and those in which it is not. When fastening only on the side or on the sides on which the axis of rotation is not located, the hinges and fittings on the side of the axis of rotation are included in the securing. However, it can also (alone or in addition) be attached to the wing side on which the axis of rotation of the Wing element is located, i.e. the side of the hinges and fittings. This also enables the hinges and fittings to be secured.

The frame is the component in which the wing element is pivotally attached and which connects the wing element to the building. It also surrounds the wing element towards the reveal and is permanently installed in the wall. For this purpose, the frame has dimensions that are higher and wider than the wing element, so that there is an intermediate space between the reveal and the wing element through which the frame is visible and accessible. It has proven to be expedient to mount the device according to the invention on one side on which the window frame has a width (between 1 and 4 cm, preferably between 1.5 and 3 cm, between the reveal) with a width (hereinafter referred to as open width) facing side of the wing element and the soffit is accessible so that the device can be installed in direct contact with the frame. The minimum open width is determined by the width of the device according to the invention in the open position. The open width must be so large that the wing element can still be swung over the device when the device is installed in the open position. With a larger open width, the space between the device according to the invention and the reveal can be filled by means of blocks in order to achieve a stable attachment.

In an exemplary and very usable embodiment, the device has a height of 2 cm. The space between the frame and window element should be at least as wide, about 2.5 cm. If the device according to the invention has a height of only 1 cm, less space is correspondingly required, as in the case of narrow conditions or small windows.

The reveal is the part of the building where and in which the wing elements are provided in their frame. The reveal usually extends across the entire thickness of the building wall in which the window opening is located. In the sense of the invention, the part of the reveal that extends perpendicularly from the window frame towards the interior space extends over a width of between 5 and 30 cm in the building wall.

A special wing element is a window. For the purposes of the invention, windows are suitable which can be pivoted into the interior of a building and can be opened there. Windows are used to ventilate the building and to let light into the building. They are not intended to leave the building through them or to enter the building through them. The possibility of having to open a window from the outside without destroying it is therefore usually not desired. However, it may be desirable to pull a window into the closed position from the outside.

Another wing element in the sense of the invention is a door. External doors are used to be able to enter and leave the building, internal doors separate individual rooms. In the case of doors, the device according to the invention is preferably attached to the side on which there is a frame. Since doors are usually so high that you can walk through the door without bumping into them, the device could be so high that it can no longer be used by smaller people, such as children. The device is preferably attached to the side of the door opposite the axis of rotation in the handle area, since experience has shown that this is also the area of attack by a burglar is because he can exert the greatest force on a door, but the device can still be operated by all users.

In contrast to windows, in which opening from the outside is generally not desired, doors must be able to be opened from two sides, i.e. from the outside and from the inside, but should still be secured against unauthorized access. The fuse off DE 20 2016 000 198 is not usable for this case at all, which in the DE 20 2016 001 589 certainly not described. If the door is closed from the outside with the snapper attached inside, i.e. if the bolt is snapped upwards into the locking position by the spring force once the door has completely slid over, the door can no longer be opened from the other side without being destroyed.

The device according to the invention has at least three components, a base part, a locking part and a spring. Depending on the desired functionality, additional components can be added.

The base part serves to fix the device relative to the building and serves as a holder for the locking part. In the sense of the invention, the attachment of the base part is possible both on the window reveal and on the frame, but also on both. The attachment to the frame is preferred in the sense of the invention, since then drilling the window sill is not necessary. The base part can be as long as required or desired. The length in relation to components, in particular the base part, denotes the extent of the base part along the wing element, and the depth means an extent perpendicular to the wing element. A greater length results in increased security, since the wing element can be secured over a greater length. A shorter length provides less security because it may be easier to pry the wing member off at a point where the device is not. The length is sensibly between 5 cm and 50 cm. Preferred lengths are 10 cm, 30 cm or 50 cm. Height is the extent of a component that extends perpendicularly away from the reveal where the component is located. The height of the device according to the invention therefore results from the height of the base part and the protruding height of the locking part. This can differ for the different functional states. It is lower in the open position than in the closed position. In the open position, it is preferably between 1 and 5 cm, particularly preferably between 2 and 4 cm, and is particularly favorable at approximately 2.5 cm. In the closed position, the height is at least as much greater than the extent to which the locking part protrudes into the movement profile of the wing element when pivoting. This is also related to the height of the restricted area. The height of the device in the locked position is preferably between 0.5 cm and 2 cm, particularly preferably between 0.7 cm and 1.5 cm, greater than in the open position.

The base part, even if it is not attached to the reveal, is preferably installed along the window reveal. Therefore, the base part has a contact surface, or at least a contact point, which directs the pressure caused by the break-in onto the locking part of the device via the base part against the reveal and is supported there, so that the device cannot be pushed away or levered out. The base part therefore preferably has a depth of at least between 5 cm and 20 cm, preferably approximately 7 cm, along the reveal. For reasons of stability, it has proven useful if the contact surface extends over a depth of between 5 and 20 cm, preferably the entire depth, of the base part. The base part preferred for attachment to the reveal Holes through which screws can be screwed into the reveal. Towards the window frame, the base part has a support strip perpendicular to the contact surface, which extends as far as possible over the entire length of the base part. When installed, the support bar is in contact with the frame and can be used to attach the base part to the frame. For this purpose, it preferably has holes for the passage of fastening means, such as screws, from the inside of the base part into the frame. The width of the support strip must not be greater than the part of the frame exposed when the wing element is closed. This is usually between 1 and 5 cm wide.

In its mechanically stressed parts, the base part consists of a material that is as strong and unbreakable as possible, such as plastics or metals. Metals have proven to be particularly suitable; Aluminum has proven to be particularly practical since it allows the outer shape of the base part to be easily manufactured by milling or extrusion.

The base part also has an element with which the locking part can be rotatably connected to the base part. This can be part of a joint, for example. The attachment point of the joint part divides the longer leg into a length ratio of the part facing the wing element to the part facing away from the wing element (measured from the axis of rotation) of between 8 to 1, preferably 5 to 1, and 1 to 2, preferably 1 to 1 ,

In its mechanically loaded parts, the locking part also consists of a material that is as strong and unbreakable as possible, such as plastics or metals. Metals have proven to be particularly suitable; Aluminum has proven to be particularly practical, since it allows the outer shape to be easily manufactured by milling or extrusion.

The locking part serves to restrict the movement of the wing element so that the wing element cannot be opened. For this purpose, it has a component on the side facing the wing element in the installed state with a blocking surface which prevents the wing element from moving beyond an end position. The locking part has on its side facing away from the base part a sliding surface over which the wing element can slide into a closed position when the wing element is closed. In the locked position, this sliding surface has an angle of between 0.5 and 20 degrees measured from the hinge relative to the base part, so that the wing element presses the sliding surface against the base part as it moves from the open position, thus moving the locking part out of the locked position and above can pivot into the closed position.

The locking member is mounted on the base member such that the force expected to act on the locking surface of the locking member can be effectively dissipated to the base member without the locking member being moved beyond the locked position or destroyed. This can be achieved, for example, by varying the depth of the locking part up to the attachment to the base part. For the purposes of the invention, this distance should be between 1 cm and 20 cm; a depth of between 3 cm and 10 cm is preferred. Another possibility of influencing is the angle of the force vector in relation to the horizontal in the end position. It should be between 0.5 and 20 degrees. The length of the locking part is expediently based on the length of the base part, since it is optimal uniform power transmission from the locking surface to the base part can take place. It is therefore between 5 and 50 cm. Preferred lengths are 10 cm, 30 cm or 50 cm.

The locking part is movably attached to the base part, so that the locking part can be brought from an open position into a locked position by rotation about an axis of rotation. In the locked position, the movement of the wing element beyond the closed position is prevented. When the wing element is in the closed position and the locking part is in the locking position, the locking surface of the locking part touches the wing element, preferably on an outer edge of the window frame. In the open position, the movement of the wing element beyond the closed position into the open position of the wing element is possible, since the locking surface is not in the movement profile of the wing element. By rotating the locking part from the locking position into the open position, the height of the device from the window sash to the reveal is reduced by between 20% and 90%, preferably between 50% and 80%. This is advantageously done by sliding the base part and the locking part into one another.

The locking part is attached to the base part according to the invention via a joint. This joint allows the locking part to be tilted about an axis of rotation which runs parallel to the length of the locking surface of the locking part in the joint. The joint preferably extends over more than 90%, particularly preferably between 95% and 100% of the length of the entire device. It has proven to be optimal if the joint extends over the entire length of the device, since then the power transmission is particularly uniform and the protective effect is optimal. Any tilt joint is suitable as a joint. Simple tilting joints are those in which both the base part and the locking part each have two holes in two interlocking U-profiles along the axis of rotation, through which a rod is guided and fixed therein. Such a joint is in the DE 20 2016 000 198 described. With this simple tilt joint, however, the force transmission is limited to the regions which surround the holes, which is why the force transmission from the locking part to the base part is not uniform and the construction therefore requires an overall more stable construction. Therefore, such simple tilting joints can only be used sensibly in safety devices with a length of less than 5 cm, without the material thickness of the components having to be increased significantly.

For the purposes of the invention, such tilting joints are preferred in which the force from the locking part can act on the base part over the entire length of the joint. Such joints are joints that have a socket and a head. The head consists of a cylindrical inner part and an outer pan. This encompasses this cylinder from the outside over an angle of more than 160 degrees, preferably between 190 and 330 degrees. These joints can be built into the device in two ways. In a first embodiment, the cylindrical head is attached to the locking part and the pan to the base part. However, the head is preferably attached to the base part and the pan to the locking part. This enables embodiments in which the comprehensive part has a movement or locking or stop function in addition to the joint function. Particular embodiments of this joint are described below.

To limit the tilting movement, either in the locked position or in the open position, a stop is preferably provided either on the base part or on the locking part. Should both Locked as well as the open position, two stops are provided. A stop that prevents further tilting can either be in the part of the device in which the blocking surface is located or in the other part of the device that projects beyond the axis of rotation. A stop for limiting the opening position on the base part is particularly preferably in the part of the device in which the locking surface is also located, and the stop for limiting the locking position on the locking part in the part of the device beyond the axis of rotation.

In one embodiment of the locking part, this has an essentially L-shaped shape in lateral section, its shorter leg lying in the direction of the wing element carrying the locking surface and its longer leg lying in the direction of the axis of rotation carrying the sliding surface. The extension of the longer leg beyond the joint allows the device according to the invention to be operated more easily. Thus, the blocking part can be brought into the blocking position by pressure on the part of the longer leg facing away from the shorter leg, and thus the wing element. The greater the length of this part, the greater the leverage effect. The stop for limiting the movement into the locked position is preferably also located there. On the other hand, the blocking part can be brought in the direction of or into the open position by pressure on the part of the longer leg facing the wing element. The sliding surface and a stop to limit the movement into the open position also lie on this part of the longer leg.

The dimensions of the legs in the locking part depend on the desired size of the device and the desired security. A length of the shorter leg of between 0.5 cm and 3 cm, preferably between 0.6 cm and 2 cm, has proven to be particularly suitable and completely sufficient to achieve the purpose according to the invention. The longer leg is preferably between 3 cm and 15 cm, preferably between 4 cm and 10 cm long. The two legs of the L can be designed according to aesthetic and functional criteria.

According to the present invention, the locking part has a component which projects from the axis of rotation beyond the sliding surface and away from the axis of rotation; in the case of an L-shaped component, this is the shorter leg of the L. This component is able to absorb the pressure acting in the direction of the joint and to hold the locking part in the locking position. This component has a locking surface facing away from the axis of rotation, which forms an angle of less than 90 degrees to the sliding surface on the side facing away from the base part. The angle between the straight line extending perpendicularly from the axis of rotation and the tangent on the blocking surface with the plane spanned perpendicularly to the axis of rotation, in which the straight line starting from the axis of rotation lies, is smaller at the intersection of the straight line and the tangent on the side facing away from the base part than 90 degrees. This angular condition preferably applies to a length of more than 5 mm on the intersection curve of the blocking surface with the plane spanned perpendicular to the axis of rotation. This blocking surface preferably lies on the component in the direction of the base part. In comparison, the blocking area of the window snapper forms the DE 20 2016 000 198 a corresponding angle of more than 90 degrees, namely 90 degrees plus the setting angle of the locking part in the locked position, that is about 100 degrees.

The blocking surface preferably has a curved contour. In a preferred embodiment, the locking surface is concavely curved relative to the axis of rotation. A further advantageous embodiment results if the concave curvature is wider than the outer curvature of the edge of the wing element against which the blocking surface is directed.

In one embodiment, which offers a particularly high level of security against burglary, the angle in the vicinity of the sliding surface is closer to 90 degrees than further away from the sliding surface. This design has the advantage that, in the event of a break-in attempt in which the wing element moves, the locking part, supported by the spring force acting further in the direction of the locking position, moves even further toward the wing element and clamps it. A special embodiment of the restricted area has a slightly parabolic slope. Together with the spring action, there is a permanent contact with the window. This allows the window to be optimally fixed in its closed position, so that the existing fitting has a supporting effect and is additionally supported by the device according to the invention.

The parabolic ramp has the purpose of creating an optimal wedge effect on its flat slope. The steady increase in the slope is due to the fact that the locking could give way due to massive force in its screw connection or material and thus could push the device away from the window. The steep climb at the end of the climb still provides reserves in the support and keeps the distance between the fitting and the window very small despite massive attacks from outside.

This deviation from the pure arch shape to a parabola also forgives a somewhat inaccurate fastening or even a slipping of the screw connection during an attempted break-in and always re-tensioning itself. The window thus moves back into a secure position despite massive attacks. Most attempts to break in are made by human hands and are therefore jerky and in waves. Thus, moving the locking part of the device according to the invention can restore security after each attack, even if the screw connection of the additional locking device has given in by several millimeters.

If the window is jerked and pressed from the outside, the position of the sash relative to the frame may change slightly. According to the invention, the dynamic locking is moved up and presses the window all the more firmly into the seals.

A side effect of the invention is the energy saving: if inventions mounted all around the window are brought into the locking position and the window sash is pressed against the frame in the tolerances of the elasticity of the seals near each lock, the locks slip and the seals are pressed more strongly and one stronger sealing against drafts. As a result, drafty windows can become a bit denser again and drafts can be avoided.

The device according to the invention supports the existing closures of the wing element and is not used as the last resort after their failure.

On the outer edge of the shorter leg of the locking part, a stop pointing in the interior of the L can be provided in the form of a bar. This engages in a corresponding recess in the base part and serves as a stop when the maximum possible blocking position is reached.

The locking part is rotatably mounted about the axis of rotation relative to the base part. This axis of rotation is preferably within the joint. This storage allows the concentric movement of the locking surface from the open position to the locked position. The axis of rotation extends along the length of the base part substantially parallel to the wing element in the end position. In the sense of the invention, the axis of rotation is as close as possible to the sliding surface of the locking part, since then the transmission of force from the locking surface to the base part is best. This distance is preferably between 0.3 and 2 cm, particularly preferably between 0.5 and 1 cm. The device does not have a further axis of rotation between the locking part and the base part.

A spring is arranged between the base part and the locking part. The purpose of this is to bring the locking part into the possible positions by its spring force relative to the base part.

In the sense of the invention in each of the embodiments, the use of a leaf spring has proven to be particularly suitable. It differs from a spiral spring wound around the axis of rotation in that it is not concentric with the axis of rotation and its spring force does not only act at the ends of the spiral. The leaf spring advantageously extends over between 10% and 100%, preferably between 15% and 90% of the length of the device, since this best distributes the forces that occur when the wing element is attempted to be broken open. However, several leaf springs lying side by side can also serve the same purpose. The leaf spring thus has a preferred length of between 5 and 50 cm and a preferred width of between 1 and 5 cm, particularly preferably between 1.5 and 4 cm. A leaf spring is preferably made of metal, particularly preferably steel. The spring constant in each of the static positions is so large that the locking part remains in this position, but not so large that the locking part can no longer be moved out of this position if desired. The thickness of the material and the elasticity of the spring can be chosen so that the spring constant meets these conditions. Such leaf springs are easy to manufacture and inexpensive to buy. The spring force can also be increased by appropriate preload. The spring force can also be adjusted by the length of the leaf spring or by providing several short leaf springs over the length of the device. The use of a leaf spring in a device for locking a wing element is new and leads to a number of very advantageous designs of locking devices. In particular, functions of the device can be controlled and set in a simple manner by means of a leaf spring, such as the function of being able to hold a locking element statically in more than one position, or providing applications of the device, such as the use of the same basic and locking parts in different situations Installation of the same leaf spring at different points of engagement of the device.

According to the invention, the locking part can be in at least two positions, a locking position and an open position. In the blocking position, the blocking part prevents the movement with the help of the blocking surface, which in this position lies on the movement profile of the wing element of the window from the closed position prevents the opening of the wing element. This position is defined by the geometry of the locking part and the base part and their precise installation, but can be optimized by adjusting these parts to each other. In the open position, the wing element can be opened from the closed position, since the locking surface of the locking part does not lie on the movement profile of the wing element. This position can also be determined by adjustment.

The distance of the locking surface in the locking position from the wing element in the locking position is between 0 and 2 mm, preferably less than 1 mm, optimally 0 mm when correctly installed. As a result, the play of the wing element in the event of a break-in in the closed position of the wing element is so small that the locking effect of the fittings and hinges of the wing element is retained in spite of external force and thus a break-in is made even more difficult.

In principle, either the locked position or the open position or both can be designed as static positions. A static position is a position of the locking part in which it can neither move independently from the open position into the locked position nor independently from the locked position into the open position. However, the locking part can be moved actively, that is to say by intervening from the outside, into the locking position or the open position, for example by moving the locking part from one position to the other, for example by manual operation.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the present invention, both the blocking position and the opening position of the blocking part are designed as static positions. This also distinguishes this embodiment of the device according to the invention from the snap lock DE 20 2016 000 198 , because in this the open position is not a static position, because the snapper always jumps back into the locked position due to the constantly acting spring tension.

The movement of the locking part from the open position into the locking position is achieved in that the locking part is rotated about the axis of rotation, so that the locking surface of the locking part comes to lie in the movement profile of the wing element. The deflection of the locking part essentially perpendicular to the movement profile of the wing element at the height of the end position of the wing element is between 2 mm and 2 cm, preferably between 3 mm and 1 cm. In particular versions of the device, this deflection can be adjusted manually. A particularly safe design results if the outer contour of the blocking surface can be moved on a path concentric to the axis of rotation, since the distance of the blocking surface from the wing element can then be kept very small.

Both in the locked position and in the open position, a spring force acts on the locking part, which holds the locking part in the respective position. In the locked position, the spring force is dimensioned such that it can be overcome by moving the wing element over the sliding surface, but after reaching the end position of the wing element ensures that the locking part is returned to the locked position. Thus, a non-destructive reopening of the wing element from the closed position is no longer possible without unlocking, that is, without the locking part being brought out of the locked position. In the open position, the spring force is so great that the open position cannot be overcome without can be exited, for example, by pressure on that part of the locking part which faces away from the wing element and lies beyond the axis of rotation.

The blocking position as well as the opening position as static positions can be achieved in various ways.

In a first embodiment, a permanent spring force acts in the direction of the blocking position. This can be done by a spiral spring, as in DE 20 2016 00 198 described, but also by a leaf spring, the spring force of which is used for the constant spring spacing of the base part and the locking part. In this first functional state, the wing element is permanently secured against opening in the direction of the device. To achieve the second functional state, the open position, in which the wing element can be opened by pivoting past the device, the spring must be tensioned. In this case, an additional locking is provided in the device in the open position, which prevents the locking part from being returned to the locking position by the spring force. After moving the locking part into the open position, the locking part is locked so that it remains in the open position. This can be done, for example, by a grid that is attached to the side of the joint facing away from the wing element. Another possibility of locking is to provide a knurled screw through the locking part on the side of the locking part facing away from the wing element, which screw-in fixes the distance of the locking part from the base part. By lifting the catch or locking it is achieved that the locking part, driven by the restoring force of the spring, moves back independently into the locking position. This version is particularly suitable for wing elements if they are only to be closed for a short time and securing them for this short time is not necessary or useful. This applies, for example, to maintenance work on the wing element.

In the second version, the spring permanently pushes the locking part into the open position. In the first functional state of this embodiment, the wing element is not secured against opening in the direction of the device. After turning the locking part against the spring force into the locking position, the locking part is locked in the locking position, so that the locking part cannot move back independently into the open position. This can be done by providing a knurled screw, which can also extend through the locking part to a stop in the base part. However, this screw does not prevent the locking part from moving up when the window is jerked. The additional knurled screw is useful for windows that are rarely opened and for long periods of absence.

The advantage of a knurled screw is that the locking part can be individually adjusted to the correct height with respect to the casement using the thread of the knurled screw. Such an execution is in Figure 6 shown. The knurled screw is advantageously removed when the additional locking is not required so that it does not come to rest in the movement profile of the wing element and interferes with sliding over the sliding surface.

Furthermore, lockable screws or screws with a lockable direction of rotation, for example a knob screw M6, can be used in this embodiment, which again increases security. In this static functional state, the wing element is permanently against opening in the direction of Device secured. This version is particularly useful if the wing element is often to be opened and closed without a fuse and only occasionally a fuse is required.

The lock, which holds the locking part in the open position, can be implemented and triggered in various ways. On the one hand, a latching mechanism, such as a conventional link mechanism, into which the locking part of the open position snaps is suitable. After a locking point has been exceeded, the locking part is locked so that it remains in the open position. By pressing the locking part again, the catch can be released again, so that the locking part, driven by the restoring force of the spring, moves back into the locking position independently.

The same lock can also be used for the static holding of the locking part in the locking position, according to the first embodiment.

In a third embodiment of a device with static positions, the locking part is sprung against the base part in the manner of a rocker. This can be achieved by a leaf spring which is installed between the locking part and the base part such that there is an apex from which a movement of the locking part in one direction triggers a spring force in the direction of the locking position, while the movement in the opposite direction Triggers spring force in the direction of the open position. The leaf spring is tensioned at this apex while it relaxes both in the direction of the open position and in the direction of the blocking position. In the sense of the best embodiment, the apex lies somewhat outside the movement profile of the wing element in the direction of the base part, so that closing the wing element and thus (temporary) movement of the locking part in the open position does not move the locking part over the apex, so that a restoring force is still in Direction of the blocking position is present. Thus, with the static blocking position set in this embodiment, the automatic locking of the wing element when the wing element is closed is ensured. An additional locking of the locking part in the locking position is then not necessary because the locking part remains in the locking position by itself, but is possible for further securing. In this functional state, the wing element can be closed over the sliding surface, but it cannot be opened beyond the end position. In the second functional state, in which the locking part is pressed into the open position by the spring force, that is to say the locking part is in the static opening position, the wing element can be opened and closed without locking. This version can be used if the wing element is only intended to be closed for a short time and security is not desired during this time. On the other hand, the locking part can be brought back into the locking position simply by moving the locking part over the apex.

The leaf spring is stretched between the locking part and the base part such that one end engages near the joint on the locking part and the other end engages in the direction of the part of the base part close to the locking surface of the locking part. Depending on the point of engagement of the leaf spring in the base part and the blocking part, the different embodiments of the device according to the invention described above result, since the points of engagement determine whether the spring force acts in the direction of the blocking position or the opening position or whether there is an apex. It is important whether the leaf spring below or above the resultant of the force between the base part and the locking part is attached to the base part or the locking part. The position of the point of engagement allows the resultant of the spring force to be determined, ie whether it pushes the locking part up or down, or whether it can do both. If it is a sharp-edged spring, in addition to the function of pressing the locking part into a static position and holding it there, it can also have the function of preventing the device from falling apart again after assembly.

A device according to the invention can be used for each of the above-mentioned embodiments if there are sufficient engagement points for the leaf spring in the locking and base parts. The engagement points are preferably parallel grooves in the material of the locking and base part, which are at least as long as the length of the leaf spring, and are so wide and deep that the leaf spring is held in it so that it does not slip and does not accidentally moved from one groove to another, since a change in the position of the leaf spring can result in a change in the functional state of the device and thus inadvertent deactivation of the safety function can result. It is particularly simple if the grooves extend over the entire length of both the locking part and the base part. The device according to the invention preferably has grooves both below and above the bisector between the locking position and the opening position on the base part and on the locking part. In the particularly preferred embodiment, in which the spring force, depending on the position of the locking part, acts both in the locking position and in the opening position, the device also has grooves in the vicinity of the bisector. In order to enable all possible setting options, 3 to 5 engagement points for the leaf spring are provided on the base part and on the locking part.

In one embodiment of the device, the leaf spring is cast into the locking part and / or the base part during injection molding. In this case, the leaf spring preferably extends over the entire length of the device.

If there are sufficient engagement points in the locking part and base part, it is possible to move the leaf spring from one engagement point to another in a controlled manner. This can be done by laterally removing the leaf spring from the device from a first combination of engagement points and reinserting the same or another leaf spring from the side into a new combination of engagement points. The setting can be made on delivery to the end customer, but can also only be done by the installer, or can be adjusted during operation using appropriate adjustment options. A controlled change of the same device from one embodiment with a first set of functional states to another embodiment with a second set of functional states is thus possible. A spring-loaded snap also makes sense to provide the insurance company with unequivocal evidence that this protective device was never out of service and that optimal protection was therefore always provided. On the other hand, adults can quickly open the safety devices so that they can leave the room quickly in the event of danger. Escape routes are therefore reached without a key.

In each of the above-mentioned versions, regardless of whether the static position is already achieved by the spring force, the locking in a functional state is possible by means of an additional locking. Thus, all of the embodiments described can also be held in the respective locking or / and opening position by a lock. This also applies if the locking part is already brought into a static position by the spring force. This can be useful as additional security against burglary, for example if a burglar has destroyed the wing element by breaking the glass pane and could now open the wing element completely by simply moving the locking part into the open position. In principle, all known bars are suitable for this. These are components that prevent the movement of the locking part from the open to the locked position or from the locked position to the open position. In a simple embodiment, this component is a knurled screw which, by screwing it into the locking or the base part and supporting it against the base or locking part, ensures that a certain distance is maintained and thus remains in a static position. The defined static position can be set by screwing the knurled screw in or out. Such an embodiment is exemplary in both positions in Figure 4 shown. This additional locking of the locking part in one of its positions can be done by conventional bolts. These can be located anywhere in the device, for example in the joint, but also on the frame or in the reveal. A locking mechanism that can be released again by pressing a button is particularly preferred here. If this button is positioned in a location that is difficult to access from the outside or is unlikely to be guessed, it is almost impossible from the point of view of a burglar to find and operate this additional lock, possibly together with moving the locking part into the open position. This is particularly useful for snapping into the locked position.

Another version of a lock is a lock, by which the locking of the locked position is secured. With the help of the lock, the unauthorized unlocking of the lock can be prevented or at least made more difficult.

It can also be a lock. A lock is preferably located in the joint and is a pressure lock, as is known in glass showcases. In order to accommodate the lock in the head of the joint, the head and pan must be slightly larger, but this is not a disadvantage in view of the greater stability, but rather a further advantage. In the open position, the small locking cylinder protrudes; if you want to lock it, you push it into the housing and it clicks into place. The push button can be unlocked again by turning it with a key so that the pressure cylinder moves out again.

Locking in the open position is also very advantageous if more than one device for securing a wing element is to be used. Then, even when the installation locations are far apart, both devices can be conveniently unlocked by first locking one of the devices, which is a device according to the invention, in the static opening position and then the other, which is also a conventional securing device (like one after) DE 20 2016 000 198 ) can be, but is preferably also a device according to the invention is unlocked. It is preferred to use different devices according to the invention To combine designs with one another, for example a device of the third design with a vertex with a device of the first design, in which the locking part is permanently held in the locked position by the spring. For unlocking, the first device can first be unlocked and brought into the functional state of the open position, and then the second device can be briefly brought into the open position while the wing element is being opened. Such a construction is easy to use for the user who knows the system, but it is practically impossible for a burglar to overcome the system, since he cannot see from the outside where the fuses are and which of them which of the above versions is set.

The lock can also be hidden by the shape of the locking part, for example a curved outer contour.

A special embodiment of a lock consists in that the component with which the locking is effected is also used for the active movement of the locking part from the locking or opening position into the opening or locking position. So that this can happen, this component engages either the locking part or the base part or both parts and changes their relative position by movement. In the simple version of a knurled screw, the locking part can be moved from the locked position into the open position and vice versa by screwing the knurled screw in or out. Such an execution is in Figure 3 shown.

The aim of the present invention is to significantly increase the security against break-in of almost all inward opening wing elements, such as windows and balcony doors, and to make the intrusion of unauthorized persons considerably more difficult, if not to prevent it. Furthermore, the installation position of the device above the window or the balcony door can prevent and make it difficult for children to open it. In the case of sash windows, i.e. double windows with two sashes and movable posts, the invention can successfully protect above and below. The installation position below is particularly advantageous because burglars can naturally provide the greatest strength by supporting them with their body weight. In the case of balcony doors with a normal threshold, the invention can also be used in the lower position and prevents quick success with a heavy burglary device. When using a device below and above the sash element, the window or door can practically no longer be levered out.

Double-leaf windows can be secured together using a single device according to the invention if the device extends over parts of both wing elements.

The invention is particularly well suited for securing wing elements that open inwards. For this purpose, the device is attached to either the reveal or the frame on the inside. However, the invention can also be used to secure wing elements that are opened to the outside. For this purpose, however, the device according to the invention is not attached to the reveal or the frame, but from the inside to the wing element.

The invention is explained in more detail below by way of example using drawings:
Figure 1 schematically shows the possible positions for the attachment of a device (1) according to the invention using the example of a frequently occurring variant of the window, in which a balcony door and a window are coupled to one another, as is typically the case with balcony doors. These options can be used alone or in combination. In the locked position, the devices (1) secure the wing element (22), that is to say the window or the balcony door, from opening inwards. Hinges (24) and casement frames (23) are also shown. The devices are only indicated as black bars.

In Figure 2 Device (1) according to the invention is shown schematically installed on the frame (23) both above a window sill below and on the side of the hinges / hinges (24) and above on a double-leaf window (22). The devices at the top and bottom secure both windows at the same time.

In Figure 3 shows schematically a side view of a device (1) according to the invention, in which a leaf spring (19) presses the locking part (13) into the open position, so that the wing element (22) is not prevented from opening by the locking surface (14). The locking surface (14) is located on the shorter leg (15) of the locking part (13). The longer leg (16) of the locking part (13) is in the lower stop (29) of the base part (2), so that the sliding surface (17) does not lie on the movement profile of the sash frame (23) of the sash element (22). The base part (2) of the device (1) is fastened to the frame (5) by means of a screw (26, not shown) through a hole (21) through the support strip (4), so that the support surface (3) along the reveal ( 6) comes to rest. For this purpose, the leaf spring (19) is in the point of engagement (8) in the direction of the wing element (22) on the base part (2) on or above the resultant (25) and in the vicinity of the joint (10) below the resultant (25) in one the grooves (20) of the locking part (13), namely the engagement point (18), fixed, whereby the locking part (13) remains statically in the open position. The joint (10) is formed by the joint socket (11) and the joint head (12). The axis of rotation (9) lies in the center of the joint (10).

Figure 4 shows schematically a side view of the device (1) according to the invention Figure 3 , in which a leaf spring (19) presses the locking part (13) into the locking position, so that the wing element (22) is prevented from leaving the locking position by the locking surface (14). The locking surface (14) is located on the shorter leg (15) of the locking part (13). The longer leg (16) of the locking part (13) is in the upper stop, so that the sliding surface (17) lies on the movement profile of the sash frame (23) of the sash element (22). For this purpose, the leaf spring (19) is in the engagement point (8) in the vicinity of the joint (10) on the base part (2) on or below the resultant (25) and in the vicinity of the wing element (22) above the resultant (25) in one of the grooves (20), namely the point of engagement (18) fixed. On the shorter part of the longer leg of the locking part there is a stop (28) which prevents the locking part from moving beyond the locking position.

In Figure 5 are the individual components of the variant of the device Figure 3 can be seen, including a knurled screw (30) for securing in the locked position through the thread (31).

Figure 6 shows schematically a side view of a device (1) according to the invention Figure 4 , but in which a leaf spring (19) presses the locking part (13) into the locking position, so that the wing element (22) is prevented by the blocking surface (14) from opening further than the end position of the current position of the blocking surface (14). The locking part is fixed statically by the knurled screw (30) screwed into the thread (31).

Figure 7 shows schematically an enlargement of the device (1) according to the invention Figure 3 , in which a leaf spring (19) presses the locking part (13) into the open position. For this purpose, the leaf spring (19) is fixed in the vicinity of the joint (10) on the locking part (13) below the resultant (25) and in the vicinity of the wing element above the resultant (25) in the engagement point (8). However, the knurled screw (31) holds the locking part in the locked position.

FIG 8 shows schematically a side view of the device (1) according to the invention in a state in which the spring (19) presses the locking part (13) from the apex position, ie between the open and the locked position, either into the locked position or the open position. For this purpose, the leaf spring (19) is fixed both in the vicinity of the joint (10) on the locking part (13) and in the vicinity of the wing element (22) on the resultant (25) in one of the grooves (20).

In the state shown, the locking part (13) of the device (1) according to the invention is fixed in the locking position with an additional locking device, in this case the knurled screw.

Figure 9 shows explicitly the angle (32) with which the locking surface (14) is concavely bent relative to the casement. This angle is smaller than an angle than 90 °. In the direction of the end of the shorter leg of the locking part, this angle decreases even more. The tensioning effect via the spring (19) or even more effectively through the knurled screw (30) causes the wedging against the window frame (23). Due to the shape of the blocking surface, the pressure acting thereon when the wing element is broken open can be absorbed very efficiently. A leaf spring presses the locking part permanently in the direction of the locking position. To lock in the locking position, the knurled screw is turned through a thread in the locking part onto the stop in the base part. This increases the distance between the base part and the locking part and the locking surface approaches the casement (23), whereby the locking is achieved in the locking position. This is a static position, because the knurled screw cannot turn the spring force back into the open position independently. This allows a very close and individual adjustment of the locking part to the wing element. In extreme cases, the burglar then no longer has any space between the sash element and the frame, for example to pry the sash element apart with a breaking tool.

In Figure 10 A device (1) according to the invention is shown in a 3D view with the blocking part (13) in the stop (28). The stop (29) of the base part (2) in the open position is not used. Also shown is the axis of rotation (9), the locking surface (14), the contact surface (3) of the base part and the bores (21) in the support strip (4) for screws in the frame. The spring (19) presses the locking part into the locking position, but can push the locking part into the open position after the apex has been exceeded.

The device according to the invention can be sold in specialist shops for security technology, in DIY stores or on the Internet. Installation to secure sash elements is possible either by window fitters or skilled do-it-yourselfers.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Device according to the invention

2

base

3

Support surface of the base part from the reveal

4

supporting strip

5

frame

6

soffit

7

Contact area of the base part to the frame

8th

Point of engagement in the base part

9

axis of rotation

10

joint

11

socket

12

joint head

13

blocking part

14

blocking surface

15

Shorter leg of the locking part

16

Longer leg of the locking part

17

sliding surface

18

Point of engagement in the blocking part

19

Leaf spring

20

grooves

21

Hole for fastening in the frame using screws

22

wing element

23

casement

24

hinge

25

resulting

26

Screw to fix the device in the frame

27

tape

28

Stop on the locking part

29

Recess on the base part

30

thumbscrew

31

Thread for knurled screw

32

Angle between the locking surface (14) and the connection between the axis of rotation (9) and the point of contact to the edge of the casement (23)

33

Connection between the axis of rotation (9) and the point of contact to the window sash (23)

Claims (14)

Device for locking a wing element (22) which is pivotably mounted in a frame (5) in a reveal (6) of a window or door, comprising a base part (2) with means (21) for fastening the device either to the frame ( 5) or the wing element (22) or on an inside of the reveal (6) facing the wing element (22), on which the wing element (22) can be pivoted away from the frame (5), one relative to the base part (2) Rotation axis (9) movable locking part (13) with a sliding surface (17) and a component (15) extending from the sliding surface (17) in the direction of the base part (2) with a locking surface (14) facing away from the rotation axis (9), the locking part relative to the base part about the axis of rotation (9) between a locking position in which the locking surface (14) is in a position further away from the base part (2) and an opening position in which the locking surface (14) is in a the base part l (2) closer position, is rotatably mounted, and a spring arranged between the base part and the locking part, characterized in that the locking surface forms an angle of less than 90 degrees to the sliding surface on the side facing away from the base part. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle between the straight line extending perpendicularly from the axis of rotation and the tangent on the blocking surface with the plane spanned perpendicular to the axis of rotation, in which the straight line starting from the axis of rotation lies, at the intersection of the straight line and the tangent on the side facing away from the base part is less than 90 degrees. Device according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the angular condition applies for a length of more than 5 mm on the intersection curve of the blocking surface with the plane spanned perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the spring is a leaf spring which can exert a force on the locking part in the direction of the locking position. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the device contains a leaf spring which is arranged between the locking part and the base part and which holds the locking part in the relaxed state either in the locked position or the open position. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that both the locking and the base part have a plurality of grooves along the axis of rotation, in which the leaf spring can be inserted. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that both the blocking position and the open position is designed as a static position. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it has a further component with which the locking part can be locked in the locked position and / or the open position. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the locking part is rotatably mounted via a tilt joint, in which the force from the locking part can act on the base part over the entire length of the joint. A method for securing a wing element against burglary, characterized in that a device with a base part and with a locking part rotatably mounted thereon with a locking surface and a sliding surface is fastened to the frame of the wing element, in which the locking surface to the sliding surface on the side facing away from the base part forms an angle of less than 90 degrees. A method according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises inserting a leaf spring into a groove along the axis of rotation in the locking part and in the base part. A method according to claim 11, characterized in that the grooves are selected from a plurality of grooves on the locking part and the base part. Use of a device according to one of claims 1 to 9 for locking a wing element in its closed position. Use of a leaf spring for setting functions and applications of a locking device for a wing element.

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