Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
  • E21B43/12—Methods or apparatus for controlling the flow of the obtained fluid to or in wells
  • E21B43/121—Lifting well fluids
  • E21B43/126—Adaptations of down-hole pump systems powered by drives outside the borehole, e.g. by a rotary or oscillating drive
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
  • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
  • F04B1/14—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
  • F04B1/141—Details or component parts
  • F04B1/146—Swash plates; Actuating elements
  • F04B1/148—Bearings therefor
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
  • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
  • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
  • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
  • F04B1/122—Details or component parts, e.g. valves, sealings or lubrication means
  • F04B1/124—Pistons
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
  • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
  • F04B1/14—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
  • F04B1/141—Details or component parts
  • F04B1/146—Swash plates; Actuating elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
  • F04B1/12—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis
  • F04B1/14—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders
  • F04B1/16—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis having stationary cylinders having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of pumps, in particular for high-pressure pumping, in particular for drilling operations.
• crankshaft pumps are the most widespread in all sectors of the industry: capital goods, oil, gas and agri-food industries, the automotive sector, building (heating, well, air conditioning, water pumps, etc.) and more specifically for the treatment of water and waste (water and sanitation network). Nevertheless, they are still built from concepts dating from the 1930s, and are the subject of very few research and development studies to improve their performance, reduce their cost, minimize maintenance costs or reduce their environmental footprint. These pumps have limits in terms of power, torque pressure / flow (limited by "water hammer” generated by the sinusoidal pressure of the crankshaft), weight, yield and life. In addition, they do not allow to have a variable displacement and therefore lack flexibility of use.
• Pumps designed with a barrel operate using a turntable system that actuates the various pistons one after the other.
• the opposite piston is in discharge mode, which offers a flow constant upstream and downstream of the pump.
• the distribution of the positions of the pistons with a guide by the barrel ensures a progressive distribution of forces during the rotation of the shaft driven by the engine.
• the rotary barrel pumps ( Figure 2): within the pump 1, it is the plate 2 which is fixed and the barrel 6 carrying the pistons 3 is rotated, thus ensuring the movement of the pistons 3 in their shirts 4
• the piston 3 - plate 2 connection is provided in the same manner as for the first configuration.
• the advantage of this architecture is that it can easily make the adjustable tray tilt and thus have the possibility of variable displacement.
• the inertia of the rotating parts increases significantly since the barrel and the set of pistons are rotated.
• Barrel pumps with oscillating plate the barrel is fixed in this architecture and one has two plates, a first inclined plate is in rotation and transfers to the second plate only the oscillation movement.
• a first inclined plate is in rotation and transfers to the second plate only the oscillation movement.
• variable displacement cylinder pumps for which the inclination of the turntable is adjustable are described in patent applications: US 2014/0186196, US 6,176,684, US 5,295,796.
• the tilt adjustment systems are either a servo-piston, a system with electric motor and cams, or a hydraulic system. These systems are complex and not completely satisfactory.
• the present invention relates to a barrel pump with swash plate, for which the angle of inclination of the rotary plate relative to the drive shaft is adjustable by means of a finger ball joint.
• the inclination of the plate is continuously adjustable, which allows a variable displacement.
• the pump according to the invention allows a good flexibility thanks to the continuous variation of the unit displacement, as well as good reliability thanks to the possibility of progressive operation of the pump.
• the embodiment in the form of a barrel pump allows a compact design of the pump.
• the invention relates to a barrel pump comprising a casing and comprising within said casing:
• a swash plate driven in oscillation by said rotary plate, and said swash plate being pivotally connected along the axis of said rotary plate with respect to said rotary plate,
• a cylinder block comprising at least two circumferentially distributed compression chambers
• Said turntable is driven by said drive shaft by means of a finger ball joint, the position of said finger ball joint determining the inclination of said turntable and said swash plate relative to said drive shaft.
• the pump comprises a return rod, said return rod being in ball-and-socket connection with said casing and said swash plate.
• the angle of inclination of said turntable and said swash plate relative to the axis of said drive shaft is between 70 and 90 °.
• said turntable comprises a groove in which the finger of said finger ball joint moves, said groove being substantially parallel to the axis of said drive shaft.
• said pump comprises means for controlling the inclination of said turntable relative to said drive shaft.
• the energy of said control means comes from a source external to said pump, in particular by means of a fluid under pressure.
• the energy of said control means is taken from said drive shaft.
• said cylinder block is fixed relative to said housing.
• the invention relates to a use of said barrel pump according to one of the preceding features for a drilling operation, in particular for the injection of drilling muds into a wellbore.
• Figure 1 already described, illustrates a fixed barrel pump according to the prior art.
• Figure 2 already described, illustrates a rotary barrel pump according to the prior art.
• FIG. 3 illustrates a pump according to one embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 4 schematically illustrates a pump according to one embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 5 illustrates a finger ball joint according to one embodiment of the invention in three positions.
• FIG. 6 represents curves of the pressure as a function of the flow rate for a pump according to the invention for different gearbox ratios with a plate inclined at 87 ° with respect to the axis of the drive shaft.
• FIG. 7 represents curves of the pressure as a function of the flow rate for a pump according to the invention for different gearbox ratios with a plate inclined by 70 ° with respect to the axis of the drive shaft.
• the present invention relates to a barrel pump with a swash plate.
• the purpose of the barrel pump is to pump a fluid (eg water, oil, gas, drilling muds, etc.) by means of a linear displacement of several pistons.
• This type of pump has the advantage of being compact, having interesting mechanical and volumetric efficiencies, an excellent weight / power ratio.
• barrel pumps with a swash plate are suitable for high pressure pumping.
• the barrel pump according to the invention comprises a housing and comprises within a housing:
• a drive shaft it is rotated relative to the housing by an external energy source, including a prime mover (for example thermal or electrical example), in particular by means of a transmission (for example a gearbox),
• a prime mover for example thermal or electrical example
• a transmission for example a gearbox
• the turntable is inclined with respect to the drive shaft; the inclination of the turntable generates an oscillation movement of the turntable; the turntable has a rotational movement and an oscillation movement with respect to the housing,
• a cylinder block (called a barrel), comprising at least two compression chambers (also called jackets) distributed circumferentially (in other words the compression chambers are distributed in a circle), and
• the pistons are driven by the swash plate by means of rods (the rods connect, by means of ball joints, the swashplate and the pistons so as to transform the movement of oscillation in translational movement of the pistons), and the translation of the pistons within the compression chambers realize the pumping of the fluid.
• the rotary plate is driven by the drive shaft by means of a finger ball joint, the position of the finger ball joint determining the inclination of the two plates (rotary and oscillating) relative to the drive shaft.
• a finger ball joint is a connection between two elements (here the drive shaft and the turntable), which has four degrees of connection and two degrees of relative movement; only two relative rotations are possible, the three translations and the last rotation being linked. In general, it is a ball with a finger impeding rotation.
• the finger of the ball joint allows the adjustment of the inclination of the plates relative to the drive shaft.
• the pump comprises means for controlling the finger joint, and thus the inclination of the plates relative to the drive shaft.
• the inclination of the rotary and oscillating plates is continuously adjustable, which allows a variable displacement.
• the inclination of the trays affects the stroke of the pistons.
• the pump according to the invention allows good flexibility thanks to the continuous variation of the unit cubic capacity.
• the pump according to the invention allows a good reliability thanks to the possibility of progressive operation of the pump: for example, during startup, the angle of inclination can be low, and subsequently, it can to be increased according to the desired conditions (flow rate and fluid pressure). This reliability can not be obtained with a pump whose inclination of the trays is fixed, or for which the inclination can not vary continuously.
• the trays can be substantially disk-shaped. However, the trays can have any shape. Only the compression chambers (and the pistons) are distributed on a circle.
• the pump according to the invention may comprise a number of pistons of between three and fifteen, preferably between five and eleven.
• a large number of pistons provides a continuous flow upstream and downstream of the pump.
• the rotational movement at the input is initially transformed into oscillation movement (oscillating plate) and in a second step in a translational movement, that is to say say a movement back and forth (pistons).
• the movement of the pistons back and forth in the compression chambers ensures the pumping of the fluid.
• the pump further comprises an inlet and an outlet of the fluid to be pumped.
• the fluid passes through the inlet of the pump, enters a compression chamber, is compressed, and is discharged from the pump through the outlet by means of the piston.
• pivot links are formed by bearings or bearings, favoring the relative movement of the elements.
• the adjustment of the inclination can be done by moving the finger of the ball in a groove in the turntable, the axis of the groove being parallel to that of the axis rotation of the drive shaft.
• the continuous adjustment of the inclination (for example the movement of the finger in the groove) can be ensured in various ways, for example by means of a fluid under pressure conveyed to the finger ball joint by means of a specific circuit.
• the pump further comprises a return rod.
• the return rod is disposed between the swash plate and the housing.
• the return rod is in ball joint connection with the casing and with the swash plate. The return rod makes it possible to prevent the rotational movement of the swashplate about its axis.
• the swash plate is animated solely by an oscillating movement.
• the swash plate having no rotational movement, no rubbing element can be interposed between the swash plate and the connecting rods transmitting the movement to the pistons.
• the angle of inclination of the turntable relative to the axial direction of the drive shaft is between 70 ° and 90 °.
• the turntable (and a fortiori the swashplate) is inclined at an angle between 0 and 20 ° with respect to a radial direction of the drive shaft.
• Figures 3 and 4 illustrate, schematically and without limitation, a barrel pump according to one embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 3 is a three-dimensional view, in which the housing and the compression chambers are not shown.
• Figure 4 is a kinematic diagram of the pump. In these figures, only one piston 3 is shown. However, the pump according to the invention comprises at least two pistons, these are distributed circumferentially within a cylinder block.
• the drive shaft 5 is rotatably mounted in a housing 1 1.
• the rotation of the drive shaft 5 is performed by an external source not shown, for example an electric machine and a gearbox.
• the drive shaft 5 drives the turntable 2 by means of a finger ball joint connection 8.
• the position of the finger ball enables the inclination of the turntable 2 to be adjusted with respect to the drive shaft 5
• the turntable 2 is connected to a swash plate 7 by a pivot connection along the axis of the turntable.
• the pump 1 further comprises a return rod 9 disposed between the swash plate 7 and the housing 1 1 by means of ball joints. The return rod 9 prevents the rotation of the swash plate 7 about its axis.
• the pump 1 comprises a piston 3 driven by a translation movement (reciprocating movement) within a compression chamber 4.
• the compression chamber 4 belongs to the cylinder block (barrel) fixed relative to the housing 1 1 .
• the movement back and forth of the piston 3 is achieved by means of a connecting rod 10 which connects the swash plate 7 and the piston 3 by means of ball joints.
• This movement back and forth of the piston 3 in the compression chamber 4 allows to pump the fluid.
• FIG. 5 represents, schematically and in a nonlimiting manner, a three-position finger ball joint according to one embodiment of the invention, in order to illustrate the relative movements between the rotary table and the drive shaft.
• the turntable 2 is partially shown: only the central portion of the turntable 2 is illustrated.
• the finger ball 8 between the drive shaft 5 and the turntable 2 is formed by a ball joint between two spherical parts, and by a finger 12 which moves in a groove 13 formed in the turntable 2.
• groove 13 is parallel to the axis of the drive shaft 5. Thus, only two rotations between the turntable 2 and the drive shaft are allowed. Note that the adjustment of the position of the finger 12 in the groove 13 makes it possible to adjust the angle of inclination of the turntable 2 relative to the drive shaft 5.
• the invention also relates to the use of the pump according to the invention for a drilling operation, in particular for the injection of drilling muds into a wellbore.
• the pump according to the invention is well suited to this use, for its flexibility, compactness, and resistance to high pressures.
• the pump according to the invention can be sized to operate up to pressures of the order of 1500 bars, that is to say 150 MPa.
• the pump according to the invention can be sized to operate at flow rates ranging from 30 to 600 m 3 / h.
• This example relates to a barrel pump according to the invention for which the drive shaft is connected to a prime mover by means of a gearbox with eight gears. It is a 2500 HP (about 1900 kW) cylinder pump with five pistons. Table 1 shows the rotational speed of the drive shaft according to the ratio of the gearbox:
• FIG. 6 represents curves of the pressure P (in bars) as a function of the flow rate D (in m 3 / h) for a pump according to the invention for different ratios of gearbox (indicated 1 st, 2 nd , 3e, 8th) with a plate inclined 87 ° to the axis of the drive shaft (ie at an angle of 3 ° to a radial direction of the drive shaft) .
• FIG. 7 represents curves of the pressure as a function of the flow rate for a pump according to the invention (for the same pump as that used for FIG. 6) for different ratios of gearbox (indicated 1 st, 2 nd , 3e, 8th) with a plate inclined 70 ° with respect to the drive shaft (i.e. at an angle of 20 ° to a radial direction of the drive shaft).
• a tilting angle of the plates (rotating and oscillating) close to 90 ° allows higher pressures than for a tilting angle of the plates close to 70 °.
• an angle of inclination of the trays close to 70 ° allows higher flow rates than for an angle of inclination of the trays close to 90 ° (thanks to the variable displacement). It is therefore possible to adapt the inclination of the trays according to the desired pumping conditions (pressures, flow rates). It can also be seen, thanks to the different gears of the gearbox, that the speed of rotation of the drive shaft influences the pressure and the flow of the fluid: the pressure is higher at low speed and the flow is higher. at high speed.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geology (AREA)
• Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
• Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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ID=58669954

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

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Family Cites Families (19)

• 2017
  • 2017-01-25 FR FR1750584A patent/FR3062178B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2018
  • 2018-01-16 CN CN201880008546.8A patent/CN110226036B/zh active Active
  • 2018-01-16 WO PCT/EP2018/051013 patent/WO2018137974A1/fr unknown
  • 2018-01-16 US US16/480,610 patent/US10900337B2/en active Active
  • 2018-01-16 CA CA3049492A patent/CA3049492A1/fr active Pending
  • 2018-01-16 EP EP18700369.4A patent/EP3574214B1/de active Active

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