EP3573895A1

EP3573895A1 - Pallet having panels and tube segments

Info

Publication number: EP3573895A1
Application number: EP18700610.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jochen Kuhmann; Matthias Albrecht; Roman KUJUS-TENEKEDSHIJEW
Original assignee: Air Bamboo Industrial GmbH
Current assignee: Mock Beteiligungsgesellschaft Mbh
Priority date: 2017-01-25
Filing date: 2018-01-22
Publication date: 2019-12-04
Anticipated expiration: 2038-01-22
Also published as: PL3573895T3; BR112019015301A2; WO2018138057A1; EP3354588A1; US10913571B2; CN110300714A; US20190382159A1; EP3573895B1; RU2019126269A; CA3050199A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a pallet (1) comprising parallel panels (11, 12), a layer (13) arranged between the panels (11, 12) and formed by at least one spacer (18), having a respective first strip (15a) and a plurality of tube segments (14), wherein the tube segments (14) have two respective cut ends (141, 142) and two respective cut surfaces (143, 144), wherein the tube segments (14) are mechanically connected to the first strip (15a) by their cut ends (141, 142), and mechanically connected to the panels (11, 12) by their cut surfaces (143, 144), wherein the tube segments (14) of the at least one spacer (18) have two respective lateral elements (146) and a cover element (147) mechanically connected to the lateral elements (146), wherein the lateral elements (146) form a first internal angle (α) of 95° to 120° with the cover element (147).

Description

Pallet with plates and tube segments

The invention relates to a pallet, in particular for the transport of goods.

Transport pallets according to EN 13698-1 and UIC 435-2 (Europool pallets) are known from the prior art. These have three floor boards, which are connected by means of three blocks with three cross boards on which five deck boards are arranged. The corresponding boards are made of solid wood.

A disadvantage of solid wood pallets is the relatively high weight (depending on the wood moisture 20 to 24 kg with dimensions of 1200 x 800 x 144 mm).

This results in the task of providing a pallet that has a reduced weight with sufficient stability compared to the prior art.

This object is achieved by the inventive pallet according to claim 1. Specific embodiments of the pallet are given in the dependent claims 2 to 15. The embodiments will be described below.

A first aspect of the invention relates to a pallet comprising at least the following components:

a first plate and a second plate extending parallel to the first plate;

a layer disposed between the first plate and the second plate and comprising at least one web extending along a first direction of elongation, each having a first ledge and a plurality of tube segments;

the pipe segments

- Each having two cut ends which define the respective pipe segment along a circumferential direction of the respective pipe segment, and

- Have in each case two cut surfaces which define the respective pipe segment along a second longitudinal direction of extension of the respective pipe segment, wherein

- The tube segments have a along the connecting line between the cut ends extending segment width, and wherein

- The tube segments are mechanically connected by means of their cut ends with the first strip, and are mechanically connected by means of their cut surfaces with the first plate and the second plate, wherein the pipe segments of the at least one web each have two side elements and a roof element mechanically connected to the side elements, wherein the side elements form with the roof element first inner angle (a) of 95 ° to 120 °.

The at least one web of the layer extends in the first longitudinal direction. With this first direction of longitudinal extension is meant the direction along which the first bar runs. Thus, the second longitudinal extension direction of the tube segments extends in particular perpendicular to the first longitudinal direction.

According to another embodiment, the tube segments are with respect to their

Longitudinal direction perpendicular to the first plate and the second plate

arranged. This causes a particularly good mechanical stability of the layer.

According to one embodiment, the layer of the pallet has a plurality of webs, wherein in particular the webs are arranged parallel to one another with respect to the first longitudinal extension direction.

In particular, the pallet has a pallet width and a pallet depth, wherein the pallet width runs along the first longitudinal direction, and wherein the

Pallet depth transverse to the pallet width in the extension plane of the first and second plate.

In the context of the present invention, the term pipe segment means a part of a real or imaginary pipe with the first longitudinal direction. The cross section of the tube perpendicular to the first direction of longitudinal extension has a circumference, that is to say an imaginary line which limits the cross section on its outside. In this case, the cross section does not have to be circular or elliptical, but in particular may also be angular, e.g. trapezoidal segment, be formed. The circumferential direction of the tube runs (also in the case of a tube with an angular cross-section) along an imaginary circle, which is the cross section of the tube perpendicular to

Longitudinal direction surrounds.

The pipe segments each have a wall which is bounded in the circumferential direction by the cut ends, wherein the wall is open in the circumferential direction. The

Wall is open throughout in the longitudinal direction. It is meant with the circumferential direction of the pipe segment, the circumferential direction of the associated real or imaginary pipe, which has a closed wall. The

Pipe segment may be formed in particular by cutting the pipe, but may also be formed in other ways, in particular by the mechanical connection of several strips. The cut ends of the tube segment bound the tube segment in the circumferential direction. The wall of the pipe segment is thus limited in the circumferential direction by the cut ends. The cross section of the pipe segment is thus formed by an open profile.

The pipe segments furthermore each have two cut surfaces which delimit the pipe segments in the longitudinal direction of extension. The cut surfaces extend in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

The segment width of the pipe segments runs along the connecting line between the cut ends. This connecting line between the cut ends extends in particular along the common direction of the cut surfaces. In cases where the cut surfaces are not parallel to each other in cross-section, let the connecting line be defined between the points of the cut surfaces with the greatest extent in the circumferential direction.

The tube segments each form a cavity within the layer of the webs, which is bounded by the inner surface of the wall. The segment width (ie the outer width of the pipe segment) corresponds to the sum of the maximum extent of the

Cavity in the direction of the connecting line between the cut ends perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (ie in cross section) and the double wall thickness. The segment height corresponds to the sum of the maximum extent of the cavity perpendicular to the segment width and the wall thickness.

Furthermore, the tube segments have a segment depth, along the second

Longitudinal direction extends, and the tube segments have a segment height which is perpendicular to the direction of the segment width and the direction of the segment height.

According to a further embodiment, all pipe segments of the at least one web substantially have a uniform segment depth. According to another

Embodiment, all pipe segments of the at least one web substantially on a uniform segment width. According to a further embodiment, all pipe segments of the at least one web substantially have a uniform segment height.

The pipe segments are each connected by means of both cut ends with the first bar. In the pallet, in particular, each tube segment is connected to one of its cut surfaces with the first plate and connected to the other cut surface with the second plate.

According to the invention, the pipe segments of the at least one web each have two side elements and a roof element which is mechanically connected to the side elements on, wherein the side elements with the roof element first inner angle (a) from 95 ° to 120 °.

That is, the longitudinal extension directions of the side members each extend at an obtuse angle to the longitudinal direction of the roof member. This may result in e.g. give a trapezoidal profile. It arises in the event that that

Roof element runs parallel to the first bar of the bridge, with which the respective

Pipe segment is mechanically connected, a corresponding third inner angle between the respective side member and the first bar of γ = 180 ° -α, ie in the range of 60 ° to 85 °.

Such pipe segments of only three components are easy to construct, but still allow a high mechanical stability of the pallet with low weight.

The special profile shape of the pipe segments according to the present invention with first internal angles in the range of 95 ° to 120 ° causes a particularly good mechanical strength of the pipe segments in the direction of the segment height (ie perpendicular to the second longitudinal direction of the pipe segments and perpendicular to a line connecting the cut ends, also referred to as segment width), in particular perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the roof element.

Such pipe segments hold e.g. a force that acts on the pipe segments along the segment height was better than flatter profiles (ie those with larger first interior angles). Such forces occur in particular when pressing the pipe segments with strips in the production of the webs or when pressing longer pipe segments with cover layers in the production of intermediates for the production of webs and can lead to deformation or breaking of the pipe segments. Thus, the profile shape according to this invention advantageously results in a cost-relevant

Reduction of the scrap in production.

Compared to rectangular segmental profiles (first inner angle = 90 °) have

Pipe segments in the context of the present invention has the advantage that cover the pipe segments along the first longitudinal extension direction of the webs a larger area of the respective web, so that fewer pipe segments per web to stiffen the

Pallet needed. This advantageously reduces the weight of the pallet and saves material costs.

According to a further embodiment, the pipe segments are each made of two

Side elements and a roof element formed. According to a further embodiment, the roof elements of the at least one web run parallel to the respective first strip of the at least one web, with which the pipe segments are mechanically connected.

According to a further embodiment, the side elements of the pipe segments of the at least one web form third internal angles of 60 ° to 85 ° with the first strip of the at least one web to which the pipe segments are mechanically connected.

According to a further embodiment, both side elements form the same first inner angle with the roof element.

According to a further embodiment, the first inner angles (a) are 100 ° to 1 10 °. This range is particularly advantageous in terms of a good mechanical strength in the direction of the segment height in combination with a good coverage of the web in the direction of the segment width.

According to a further embodiment, the pipe segments have first mitres, on which the side elements are mechanically connected to the roof element.

The side members and roof member can be easily made from a panel or board by inserting mitres, creases on the mitres, and mechanical bonding (e.g., gluing). By appropriate execution of the mitres can be adjusted in particular the first inner angle between the side elements and the roof element in the range of 95 ° to 120 °.

According to a further embodiment, the side elements and the roof element are each formed from a strip, in particular from a wood material.

According to a further embodiment, the tube segments have a trapezoidal segment-shaped cross-section with respect to the second longitudinal extension direction of the tube segments (in particular transversely to the plane of the first and second plates). This is the case at the specified first inner angles of the case when the roof element is parallel to the first bar of the respective web and in addition to the mechanical strength and coverage of the webs has the advantage that the webs can be arranged without gaps in parallel within the layer.

According to a further embodiment, the tube segments of the at least one web are mechanically connected to a first strip side of the first strip. That is, all tube segments are arranged side by side on one side of the bar.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one web has a second strip, which is mechanically connected to walls of the pipe segments of the respective web. In particular, the second bar runs parallel to the first bar. The second bar increases in particular the mechanical stability of the webs. In addition, in one embodiment, the layer in which adjacent webs are close to each other, the second strip on the first strip of an adjacent web abut, so that they form a coherent structure, which additionally increases the stability of the pallet.

According to one embodiment, the pallet comprises a wood material, wherein

in particular the pallet is formed from a wood material.

According to a further embodiment, the first plate and / or the second plate on a wood material, wherein in particular the first plate and / or the second plate is formed of a wood material.

According to one embodiment, the at least one web has a wood material, wherein in particular the at least one web is formed from a wood material.

According to a further embodiment, the pipe segments have a wood material, wherein in particular the pipe segments are formed from a wood material

According to a further embodiment, the first strip and / or the second strip comprises a wood material, wherein in particular the first strip and / or the second strip is formed from a wood material.

The term wood material referred to in the context of the present invention, a material which comminuted wood, especially wood chips, wood chips, wood veneers, wood veneer strips, wood wool, wood fibers or wood dusts, or others

Lignocellulosematerialien has. Furthermore, the wood material in particular

Have binders, adhesives and / or additives. In particular, additatives can

Hydrophobizing agents, wood preservatives, flame retardants, hardeners or paint particles. The binders include in particular urea glue, synthetic resins, e.g.

Phenolic resins, isocyanates, plastics and / or bioplastics. Wood veneers and / or wood veneer strips serve in particular for the production of plywood and / or chipboard (OSB boards).

The wood-based materials include in particular solid wood materials, e.g. Solid wood panels (in accordance with DIN EN 12775) or glued-wood panels, cross-laminated timber, glulam,

Bar plywood, and / or laminated wood, veneer materials, e.g. Veneer plywood (FU), veneer lumber, veneer lumber, bending plywood, wood chipboard, e.g.

Flat pressed plates (P2), extruded plates, chipboard shaped parts, coarse chipboard (OSB boards, according to DIN EN 300) and / or chipboard wood (LSL), wood fiber materials, e.g. Wood fiber insulation boards (HFD), porous fiberboard, soft boards (SB), medium hard

Fiberboard (MB), hard fiberboard (HB or HFH), hardboard, extra hard Fiberboard (HFE), medium density fiberboard (MDF), high density fiberboard (HDF) and / or ultralight fibreboard (ULDF), arboform or liquid wood.

The term fiberboard designates the wood-based materials specified in DIN EN 622. The term chipboard refers to the wood materials specified in the standards DIN EN 309 and DIN EN 312. The term plywood refers to the wood materials specified in the standards DIN 68708 and DIN EN 313.

Wood-based materials have the advantage of a high material strength and mechanical strength as well as ease of use as base material for the raw and interior construction.

According to one embodiment, the wood-based material has a lignin content of> 5%, in particular> 10% by weight. This means that in particular paper and cardboard do not represent wood-based materials in the sense of the present invention, since in the

Papermaking e.g. through chemical bleaching the lignin used

Wood raw materials is largely removed.

According to another embodiment, the wood-based material is free of chemical

Bleaches.

According to a further embodiment, the wood material is produced in a dry process at a moisture content of <20%. The percentage refers to the ratio of the water weight to the absolutely dry wood pulp. At a

Drying process, the wood particles are dried before the formation of a tile and pressed to the product and the product has a moisture content of less than 20%. Of the

Gluing can be done before or after drying.

According to a further embodiment, the wood material under pressure and / or heat compressed wood fibers. According to a further embodiment, the wood-based material has a density of> 800 kg / m ³ . For example, high density fiberboard has a density in the stated range.

According to another embodiment, the wood material is the material of a high-density fiberboard (HDF).

According to a further embodiment, the tube segments are formed from a plurality of strips. The strips run in the longitudinal direction of the

Pipe segment. In this embodiment, in particular, a pipe segment is formed with a polygonal cross-section.

According to a further embodiment, the tube segments of the at least one web are spaced, the at least one web between adjacent tube segments of the at least one web each having first gaps, and wherein the first plate at least a first opening at least partially overlapping one of the first gaps. That is, the web has gaps between all adjacent pipe segments.

As an alternative to this, the at least one web can also be designed without first gaps, that is to say in particular with tube segments lying close to one another.

According to a further embodiment, the first plate has a plurality of first openings, each of the first openings at least partially overlapping a respective first gap of a respective web of the layer.

Due to the first gaps in the webs, such a pallet has a very low weight coupled with high mechanical stability. In addition, the overlapping arrangement of the first openings with the first gaps makes it easy to add additional components, e.g. Feet of the pallet, bring in the first openings and connect to the pallet, e.g. attach to the pallet.

The at least one first opening of the first plate has, in particular, one each

Extension along the first longitudinal direction (that is, along the

Pallet width) and an extension transverse to the first longitudinal direction in the plane of the first and second plates (that is, along the pallet depth).

According to one embodiment, the at least one first opening has a rectangular shape.

In particular, each web has at least three pipe segments. Thus, at least two first gaps between the adjacent pipe segments of the

corresponding footbridge.

According to one embodiment, the tube segments have a segment width extending along the connecting line between the cut ends, wherein the adjacent tube segments (ie all adjacent tube segments) of the at least one web along the direction of the segment width (ie along the second

Longitudinal direction) of each other have a first distance of at least one half segment width, in particular at least one segment width.

According to a further embodiment, the layer has a plurality of webs, wherein the layer has a second gap at least between two adjacent webs, and wherein the first board has at least one first opening which at least partially overlaps the second gap.

In particular, the webs of the layer are spaced from each other, the layer between adjacent webs each having second gaps, and wherein the at least one first opening of the first plate at least partially overlaps with one of the second gaps. Alternatively, the layer can also be executed without second gaps, that is to say in particular with webs lying close together.

According to a further embodiment, the first plate has a plurality of first openings, wherein each of the first openings at least partially overlaps a respective second gap.

According to a further embodiment, the first plate has a plurality of first openings, each of the first openings at least partially overlapping a respective first gap of a respective web or with a respective second gap of the layer.

According to a further embodiment, the adjacent webs have a second distance of at least one half segment width, in particular at least one segment width, transversely to the first longitudinal extension direction.

According to a further embodiment, the second plate has at least one second opening which at least partially overlaps one of the first gaps and / or a respective second gap.

Such at least one second opening is attached to the additional components of the pallet, e.g. Feet, opposite side (ie the top) of the pallet arranged. By means of such openings, in particular, advantageously several pallets can be stacked in a stable and space-saving manner by inserting the feet of a further pallet according to the invention into the second openings.

The at least one second opening of the second plate has, in particular, an extension along the first longitudinal extension direction (ie along the direction of the pallet width) and an extension transverse to the first longitudinal extension direction in the plane of the first and second plates (ie in the direction of the pallet depth).

According to one embodiment, the at least one second opening has a rectangular shape.

According to a further embodiment, the pallet has at least one foot, each having two support elements and a connecting element, wherein the at least one foot has second mitres, on which the support elements with the

Connecting element are mechanically connected.

In particular, the support elements and the connecting element are formed from plates or boards, wherein the connecting element is connected at two opposite edges with the support elements, so that there is an open cross-sectional profile of the foot. The connecting element of the at least one foot forms the bearing surface on the ground when the at least one foot is connected to the base body of the pallet and the pallet stands on the at least one foot. The support elements are used in particular to connect the at least one foot with the pallet.

Such an arrangement, in particular the open construction of the foot, has the advantage that pallets equipped with such feet are easily stackable, with the feet of a first pallet being insertable into the second openings of the second panel of a second pallet when the first pallet is stacked on the second pallet.

On such feet, a pallet according to the invention can advantageously be stored. In addition, can be at appropriate distances between the feet the

use pallet according to the invention as four-way pallet and record in particular by means of a forklift. The first gaps and / or second gaps of the layer and the overlapping first openings of the first plate allow the feet to be easily connected to the pallet without additional connecting means or attachments.

According to a further embodiment, the profile of the at least one foot formed between the support elements and the connecting element has a

trapezoidal segment-shaped cross section.

According to a further embodiment, the support elements and the

Connecting element in each case a rectangular base. As a result, the individual feet can advantageously be produced in a particularly simple manner from a larger blank by cutting.

According to a further embodiment, the support elements form with the

Connecting element second inner angle (ß), which are the same size as the first inner angle (a) between the side elements and the roof element of the pipe segments.

According to a further embodiment, the support elements form second inner angle (β) of 95 ° to 120 °, in particular 100 ° to 1 10 °, with the connecting element. In particular, both support elements form the same second inner angle with the

Connecting element.

This has the advantage that the pipe segments and the at least one foot can be manufactured by means of the same machines, so that costs can be saved during production. In particular, the production of the pipe segments and the at least one foot from a plate or a board by introducing mitres, wrinkles on the mitres and mechanical bonding (eg gluing). In this case, the tube segments in the second direction of elongation have a smaller extent than that of the same Plate or the same board made at least one foot. In particular, the roof element along the segment width has a smaller extension than the largest extension of the connecting element of the foot in the cross section of the foot.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one foot is arranged at least partially in one of the first gaps or in a respective second gap.

In the first and / or second gaps, appropriately sized feet can be easily introduced and connected to the pallet.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one foot is made of one

Wood material formed.

According to a further embodiment, the second inner angle between the

Support elements and the connecting element of the at least one foot of the pallet the same size as the first inner angle between the side elements and the

Roof element of the pipe segments of the at least one web of the pallet.

According to a further embodiment, the support elements are against the

Collapsible connecting element, so that an inner angle between the extension plane of the respective support member and the connecting element is variable, so that in particular at a reduction of the inner angle in a certain angular range, a mechanical stress between the respective support member and the

Connecting element arises. This is e.g. in an HDF board material possible in that the support elements and the connecting element to appropriately designed

Mitres are interconnected.

When, when the at least one foot is introduced through the at least one first opening, the foot is designed such that the support elements are foldable about the connecting element and the at least one foot is introduced through a respective second opening into the first gap or second gap becomes, the foot opens after the

Passing through the second opening enlarging said inner angle and the support elements shift in the direction of the pallet depth or pallet width. Alternatively, the foot can also be introduced into the respective first or second gap by means of a respective first opening of the first plate.

In particular, with a corresponding design of the at least one foot and the first and / or second gaps prevails in the state in which the support elements are introduced into the respective first or second gap, a mechanical stress through which the support members on the second plate and the adjoining pipe segments exert a force that advantageously promotes a firm mechanical connection of the at least one foot to the pallet. According to a further embodiment, the first gaps and / or the at least one second gap along the first longitudinal direction (ie along the pallet width) have an extension of at least 50 mm and transverse to the first

Longitudinal direction along the plane of the first and second plate (that is, along the pallet depth) have an extension of at least 30 mm.

In the event that the extension of the first gaps and / or the at least one second gap along the first longitudinal extension direction and / or transversely to the first longitudinal extension direction is not constant, the term extension here means the minimum extension.

According to a further embodiment, the tube segments with the first strip, in particular within the layer, each form a cavity, wherein the first plate has at least one first opening which at least partially overlaps with one of the cavities. In this case, additional components, in particular feet of the pallet can be introduced into the correspondingly dimensioned cavities. In this case, in particular certain feet of the pallet can be introduced into a respective cavity, and other feet of the pallet are introduced into a respective first gap. Furthermore, in particular certain feet of the pallet can be introduced into a respective cavity, and further feet of the pallet can be introduced into a respective second gap. There is also provided an embodiment in which at least one foot is inserted into a respective cavity in which at least one further foot is inserted into a respective first gap and in which at least one further foot is inserted into a respective second gap.

According to a further embodiment, the second plate has at least one second opening which at least partially overlaps one of the cavities.

According to a further embodiment, the cavities along the first

Longitudinal direction to an extent of at least 50 mm, wherein the

Hollow spaces transverse to the first longitudinal direction along the plane of the first and second plate have an extension of at least 30 mm.

A second aspect of the invention relates to a web, in particular for producing a pallet according to the first aspect of the invention, comprising a first strip and a plurality of pipe segments, the pipe segments each having two cut ends delimiting the respective pipe segment along a circumferential direction of the respective pipe segment , and in each case two cut surfaces, which the respective

Pipe segment along a second longitudinal extension direction of the respective

Limit pipe segments, and wherein the pipe segments of the web in each case two

Side elements and a mechanically connected to the side elements roof element have, wherein the side elements with the roof element first inner angle (a) of 95 ° to 120 °, in particular 100 ° to 1 10 °, form.

According to a further embodiment, the tube segments of the web first

Mitres on which the side elements are mechanically connected to the roof element.

According to a further embodiment, the pipe segments have a

trapezoidal segment-shaped cross section.

According to a further embodiment, the tube segments of the at least one web are mechanically connected to a first strip side of the first strip.

According to a further embodiment, the at least one web has a second strip, which is mechanically connected to walls of the pipe segments of the respective web.

According to a further embodiment, the tube segments of the at least one web are spaced apart, wherein in each case first gaps are formed between adjacent tube segments.

According to a further embodiment, the tube segments have a segment width extending along the connecting line between the cut ends, wherein the adjacent tube segments of the at least one web along the direction of

Segment width of each other a first distance of at least a half

Segment width, in particular at least one segment width, have.

A third aspect of the invention relates to an intermediate product, in particular for producing a web according to the second aspect of the invention, comprising at least a first cover layer and a plurality of pipe segments, wherein the pipe segments each have two cut ends which the respective pipe segment along a circumferential direction of the respective pipe segment limit, and in each case two cutting surfaces which define the respective pipe segment along a second longitudinal direction of the respective pipe segment, and wherein the pipe segments are mechanically connected by their cut ends with the first cover layer, and wherein the pipe segments each have a running along a second direction of elongation of the respective pipe segment segment depth and a segment width extending along the connecting line between the cut ends, and wherein the segment depth is at least twice the

Segment width corresponds, and wherein the tube segments of the intermediate product each have two side elements and a mechanically connected to the side elements roof element, the side elements with the roof element first inner angle (a) of 95 ° to 120 °, in particular 100 ° to 1 10 °. According to a further embodiment, the tube segments of the intermediate product have first mitres, on which the side elements are mechanically connected to the roof element.

According to a further embodiment, the pipe segments have a

trapezoidal segment-shaped cross section.

According to a further embodiment, the tube segments of the intermediate product are mechanically connected to a first side of the first cover layer.

According to a further embodiment, the intermediate product has a second cover layer, which is mechanically connected to walls of the tube segments of the intermediate product.

According to a further embodiment, adjacent pipe segments of the

Intermediate spaced, wherein between adjacent pipe segments each gaps are formed.

According to a further embodiment, the tube segments have a along the

Connecting line between the cut ends extending segment width, wherein the adjacent tube segments of the intermediate product along the direction of the segment width from each other a first distance of at least one half segment width,

in particular at least one segment width.

According to one embodiment, the adjacent tube segments have a third distance of at least one half along the direction of the segment width

Segment width, in particular at least one segment width on.

According to one embodiment, the intermediate product has a second cover layer extending parallel to the first cover layer, which is mechanically connected to walls of the tube segments.

A fourth aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a pallet, in particular according to the first aspect of the invention, the method having at least the following steps:

Providing an intermediate product according to the third aspect of the invention,

- Producing at least one web, in particular according to the second aspect of the invention, by dividing the intermediate product transversely to the second longitudinal direction of the

Pipe segments of the intermediate,

Forming a layer by mechanically connecting the at least one web to a first board, wherein in each case a sectional area of the pipe segments of the at least one web is mechanically connected to the first board, - Mechanical connection of the at least one web to a second plate, wherein in each case the other sectional surface of the pipe segments of the at least one web is connected to the second plate.

According to one embodiment of the method, at least one second gap is formed between adjacent webs of the layer.

According to one embodiment of the method, the layer is formed by a plurality of webs, wherein adjacent webs of the layer are arranged at a distance, and wherein in each case second gaps are formed between the adjacent pipe segments.

In accordance with a further embodiment, the adjacent webs are arranged at a third distance of at least one half segment width, in particular at least one segment width, from one another.

According to one embodiment of the method, at least one opening of the first plate is at least partially brought to coincide with a corresponding first gap between the adjacent tube segments of the corresponding web or with a corresponding second gap between the corresponding adjacent webs of the layer.

According to a further embodiment of the method, at least one opening in the first plate is produced after mechanically connecting the at least one web to the first plate, so that the at least one opening with a corresponding first gap between the tube segments of a corresponding web or with a corresponding second Gap between the adjacent pipe segments is at least partially brought to coincide.

The at least one first opening and the at least one second opening can be produced in particular by sawing or milling out of the first or second plate.

Further details and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following

Description of exemplary embodiments explained with reference to figures. Show it:

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a pipe segment;

Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of an intermediate product for producing a pipe segment;

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a layer of an inventive

Palette;

Fig. 4 is a schematic representation of an intermediate product for

Production of a layer Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of a web;

Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of an intermediate product for forming webs;

7 shows a schematic representation of a pallet according to the invention; Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of a foot of an inventive

Palette;

9 shows a schematic representation of an intermediate product for producing a foot;

Fig. 10 is a schematic representation of a pallet according to the invention with

Feet.

In detail, Figure 1 shows a pipe segment 14, along a

Longitudinal direction l _{2 is} extended and a wall 145 and two the

Wall 145 in the circumferential direction of the pipe segment 14 limiting

Cut ends 141, 142 has. Furthermore, the pipe segment 14 has two

Cut surfaces 143, 144, which the pipe segment 14 in the second

Limit longitudinal direction l ₂ .

The tube segment 14 has a segment depth t in the direction of the second

Longitudinal direction l ₂ , a segment width b, which corresponds to the maximum extent in the direction of a connecting line between the cut ends 141, 142, and a segment height h, which corresponds to the maximum extent in the third spatial direction perpendicular to the segment width b and the segment depth t.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the pipe segment 14 of two in

Substantially along the segment height h extended side members 146 and along the segment width b extended roof element 147 formed, wherein the

Side members 146 are connected by means of the roof element 147.

The side members 146 are angled with respect to the segment width b, so that a trapezoidal segment-shaped cross-section of the pipe segment 14 transversely to the

Longitudinal direction I results, wherein the side members 146 having the roof member 147 first inner angle a of 95 ° to 120 °.

As an alternative to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the tube segment 14 can also have a differently shaped cross section.

FIG. 2 shows an intermediate product from which the tube segment 14 shown in FIG. 1 can be formed by folding and mechanical joining, in particular gluing. The intermediate product consists of a plate, in particular a plate of one Wood-based material, wherein the plate first mitres 148, in particular V-shaped first

Mitres 148, has. The first mitres 148 extend between the parts of the plate, which in the folded and connected state, ie in the finished tube segment 14 (see FIG. 1), form the side elements 146 and the part of the plate which forms the roof element 147 in the folded and connected state. Along the first miter 148, these parts of the plate can be folded, so that a pipe segment 14 is formed. The first mitres 148 may be e.g. Be charged with glue before folding, so that the side members 146 can be firmly connected to the roof element 147.

FIG. 3 shows a layer 13 according to the invention of a pallet 1 according to the invention, which has a plurality of webs 18 arranged parallel along a first longitudinal extension direction (along a pallet width B _P ), wherein the webs 18 each comprise a first strip 15 a, a second strip 15 b and a second strip 15 a Plurality of pipe segments 14 are formed. The segment widths b of the tube segments 14 run in the direction of the pallet width B _P, and the segment heights h of the tube segments 14 run along a pallet depth T _P. The names of the segment width b, segment height h and

Segment depth t corresponding to the representation of the pipe segment 14 are shown in FIG.

The longitudinal extension directions l _{2 of} the pipe segments 14 thus extend transversely to a (imaginary) plane formed from the pallet width B _P and the pallet depth T _P , which corresponds to the plane of the first plate 11 and the second plate 12 in the finished pallet 1. The adjacent tube segments 14 within a web 18 have distances ai from one another in the direction of the first longitudinal extension direction, so that first gaps 181 arise within the webs 18.

The webs 18 are arranged within the layer 13 such that corresponding strips 15a, 15b of the adjacent webs 18 abut each other. The tube segments 14 form with the first strips 15a respective cavities 149.

FIG. 4 shows an intermediate product consisting of three layers 13 according to the invention, which are placed against one another in the direction of their pallet depth T _P. By cuts along the cutting lines S, the respective three layers 13 can be generated. In this way, for example, pallets in Euro pallet format can be produced from a larger intermediate product.

The adjacent webs 18 have in the embodiment shown in Figure 4 in the direction of the pallet depth T _P second distances a ₂ to each other, so that second gaps 133 arise.

FIG. 5 shows a detailed view of a web 18 of the layer 13 of the pallet 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 3 or 4. The illustrated web 18 has a first strip 15a and a parallel to the first bar 15a extending second bar 15b, wherein between the first bar 15a and the second bar 15b pipe segments 14 are arranged. In each case, the cut ends 141, 142 of the pipe segments 14 are connected to a first strip side 151 of the first strip 15a and the roof elements 147 of the pipe segments 14 are connected to the second strip 15b. The respective adjacent pipe segments 14 of the web have first distances ai from one another along the first longitudinal extension direction, so that first gaps 181 are formed.

The side members 146 of the tube segments 14 form with the first ledge 15a of the web third internal angles γ in the range of 60 ° to 85 °, e.g. about 76 °.

FIG. 6 shows an intermediate product 19 for producing webs 18 (as shown in FIG. 5). The intermediate product 19 has a first cover layer 191 and a second cover layer 192, wherein the first and second cover layers 191, 192 are arranged parallel to one another. Furthermore, the intermediate product 19 has tube segments 14 arranged between the first and second cover layers 191, 192, which are arranged parallel to one another along their second longitudinal extension directions l ₂ . The

Pipe segments 14 have in the direction of the segment widths b spaces 193 to each other. The pipe segments 14 used here have a significantly greater segment depth t in the direction of the second longitudinal extension direction l ₂ than the pipe segments of the web 18 shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 also shows an imaginary section line S. If the intermediate product 19 along the section line S transversely to the common direction of longitudinal extension l ₂ of

Cut tube segments 14 of the intermediate product 19, thus a web 18 of the type shown in Figure 5 can be produced. In this way, a plurality of webs 18 can be made from an intermediate product 19.

FIG. 7 shows a pallet 1 according to the invention which has parallel first and second plates 11, 12 and a layer 13 arranged between the first plate 11 and the second plate 12. The layer 13 is configured analogously to the layer 13 shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. 4. The first plate 1 1 has first openings 1 1 1, wherein the second plate 12 has second openings 121. The first openings 1 1 1 and the second

Openings 121 are brought to coincide with respective first gaps 181 and / or second gaps 133 of the layer 13, so that continuous openings of the pallet 1 result transversely to the plane formed by the pallet width B _P and the pallet depth T _P. Feet 16 (see FIGS. 8-10) can advantageously be introduced into these continuous openings. With a corresponding design of the feet 16, the

Pallet 1 according to the invention are designed as a stacking pallet by the feet 16 a upper pallet 1 in the second openings 121 of the second plate 12 of a lower pallet 1 are introduced.

FIG. 8 shows a perspective view of a foot 16 for a pallet 1 according to the invention in a folded form. The foot 16 has two support members 161 and a

Connecting element 162, which mechanically connects the support members 161, wherein the support members 161 with the connecting element 162 second internal angle ß, in particular in the range of 95 ° to 120 ° form.

FIG. 9 shows the foot 16 in an unfolded form. In the shown here

Embodiment, the foot 16 is formed from plates of a wood material, wherein the

Support members 161 and the connecting member 162 may be formed of a single plate, the sawed or milled second miter 163 shown in Figure 9, in particular V-shaped mitres 163, between the support members 161 and

Connecting element 162 has. The support members 161 are shown in the here

Embodiment rectangular shaped.

When the foot 16 is folded as shown in FIG. 8, a force of the foot 16 can be prestressed by applying a force such that, in particular, the foot 16 is biased by the at least one second opening 121 of the second plate 12 into the first one Gap 181 or second gap 133 can be introduced. When releasing the bias, the foot 16 opens at least partially, so that the support members 161 enter into an at least partially positive connection with the inside of the second plate 12 and with the tube segments 14 of the layer 13.

Alternatively, the foot 16 can also be introduced through a respective first opening 11 (ie, from the underside of the pallet 1) into the respective first gap 181 or second gap 133. In this case, e.g. a bias voltage are applied so that the distance between the support members 161 is sufficiently reduced (and the second internal angles ß are also reduced), so that the foot 16 passes through the respective first opening 1 1 1 passes. By loosening the bias, the foot 16 opens, so that the foot 16 is fixed in particular in the first gap 181 or second gap 133 and does not slip out of the first opening 1 1 1.

10 shows an inventive pallet 1 in an embodiment with feet 16 in a perspective view from the top of the pallet 1. The pallet 1 has a layer 13 which is arranged between a first plate 1 1 and a second plate 12. The layer 13 is constructed analogously to the layer 13 shown in FIG. The

Segment depths t of the tube segments 14 of the layer 13 extend in the direction of a

Pallet height H _P , which is perpendicular to the plane of the first plate 1 1 and the second plate 12. The layer 13 has here hidden first gaps 181 and / or second gaps 133 which overlap with second openings 121 of the second plate 12. In this case, the second openings 121 are narrower in the direction of the pallet depth T _P than the latter

Extension of the corresponding first gaps 181 and / or second gaps 133 in the direction of the pallet depth T _P. As a result, the support elements 161 of the feet 16 (see FIG. 8) are arranged in corresponding spaces between the second plate 12 and the tube segments 14 adjoining the corresponding first or second gap 181, 133. In the first through the second openings 121 accessible first or second gaps 181, 133 can, for example, when stacking several

Pallets 1 according to the invention the feet 16 are introduced a further pallet 1, which allows a space-saving stacking.

LIST OF REFERENCES

palette

First plate

1 first opening

Second plate1 Second opening

layer

3 Second gap

Pipe segment1, 142 Cut ends3,144 Cut surfaces5 Wall

6 side element7 roof element8 first miter9 cavity

a first groin second groin1 First groin side

foot

1 support element2 connection element3 second miter

web

1 first gap

Intermediate1 First coat 2 Second coat 193 gap

h First longitudinal direction l ₂ Second longitudinal direction ai First distance

a ₂ second distance

b Segment width

t segment depth

h segment height

B _P pallet width

T _P pallet depth

H _P pallet height

S cut line

α First interior angle

ß Second interior angle

Y Third interior angle

Claims

claims

Pallet (1), comprising at least the following components:

a first plate (11) and a second plate (12) running parallel to the first plate (11),

- One between the first plate (1 1) and the second plate (12) arranged layer

(13) of at least one web (18) extending along a first longitudinal direction (15), each having a first strip (15a) and a plurality of pipe segments (14), the pipe segments (14)

- Each have two cut ends (141, 142), which the respective

Limit tube segment (14) along a circumferential direction of the respective tube segment (14), and

- Have two cut surfaces (143,144), which the respective pipe segment

(14) along a second longitudinal extent (l ₂₎ of the respective

Limit tube segments (14), wherein

- The tube segments (14) by means of their cut ends (141, 142) with the first strip (15 a) are mechanically connected, and by means of their cut surfaces (143, 144) with the first plate (1 1) and the second plate (12) are mechanically connected .

characterized,

the pipe segments (14) of the at least one web (18) each have two

Side members (146) and one with the side members (146) mechanically

connected roof element (147), wherein the side elements (146) with the roof element (147) first inner angle (a) of 95 ° to 120 °.

Pallet (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the first inner angle (a) amount to 100 ° to 1 10 °.

Pallet (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the

Pipe segments (14) first mitres (148), where the side members (146) with the roof element (147) are mechanically connected.

Pallet (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube segments (14) have a trapezoidal segment-shaped cross-section.

Pallet (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube segments (14) of the at least one web (18) are mechanically connected to a first strip side (151) of the first strip (15a).

6. pallet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one web (18) has a second strip (15b) which with

Walls (145) of the tube segments (14) of the respective web (18) is mechanically connected.

7. pallet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tube segments (14) of the at least one web (18) are spaced, wherein the at least one web (18) between adjacent pipe segments (14) respectively first gaps (181 ), and wherein the first plate (1 1) has at least one first opening (1 1 1) which at least partially overlaps with one of the first gaps (181).

8. pallet (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the tube segments (14) along the connecting line between the cut ends (141, 142) extending segment width (B), wherein the adjacent tube segments (14) of the at least one web ( 18) along the direction of the segment width (B) from each other a first distance (a-ι) of at least half a segment width (B),

in particular at least one segment width (B).

9. pallet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the layer (13) has a plurality of webs (18), wherein the layer (13) at least between two adjacent webs (18) has a second gap (133) and wherein the first plate (1 1) has at least one first opening (1 1 1) which at least partially overlaps the second gap (133), wherein in particular the webs (18) of the layer (13) are spaced from each other, wherein the layer (13) between each adjacent webs (18) each have second gaps (133), and wherein the at least one first opening (1 1 1) of the first plate (1 1) at least partially overlaps with one of the second gaps (133) ,

10. pallet (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the adjacent webs (18) transversely to the first longitudinal extension direction () from each other a second distance (a ₂ ) of at least one half segment width (B), in particular

at least one segment width (B).

1 pallet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second plate (12) has at least one second opening (121) with one of the first gaps (181) and / or a respective second gap (133 ) at least partially overlapped.

12. pallet (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pallet (1) has at least one foot (16), each two

Support members (161) and a connecting element (162), wherein the at least one foot (16) has second mitres (163) on which the support elements (161) are mechanically connected to the connecting element (162).

13. pallet (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the at least one foot (16) has a trapezoidal segment-shaped cross-section.

14. Pallet (1) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that the

Support members (161) form with the connecting element (162) second inner angle (ß), which are equal to the first inner angle (a) between the side members (146) and the roof element (147) of the pipe segments (14).

15. pallet (1) according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the at least one foot (16) at least partially in one of the first gaps (181) or in a respective second gap (133) is arranged.