EP3573745A1 - Procédé et système de récupération de chaleur lors de la granulation en lit fluidisé - Google Patents

Procédé et système de récupération de chaleur lors de la granulation en lit fluidisé

Info

Publication number
EP3573745A1
EP3573745A1 EP18701022.8A EP18701022A EP3573745A1 EP 3573745 A1 EP3573745 A1 EP 3573745A1 EP 18701022 A EP18701022 A EP 18701022A EP 3573745 A1 EP3573745 A1 EP 3573745A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
fluidized bed
fluidization
bed granulator
exhaust air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18701022.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Peter Banik
Jens Mathiak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Original Assignee
ThyssenKrupp AG
ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ThyssenKrupp AG, ThyssenKrupp Industrial Solutions AG filed Critical ThyssenKrupp AG
Publication of EP3573745A1 publication Critical patent/EP3573745A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/16—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B01J8/18—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes with fluidised particles
    • B01J8/1818—Feeding of the fluidising gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a fertilizer granules by fluidized bed granulation in a fluidized bed granulator, in which the air used for the fluidization in the fluidized bed is sucked and heated before entering the fluidized bed granulator, wherein in the process hot, emerging from the fluidized bed granulator exhaust air is obtained.
  • Ammonium sulfate finds a variety of uses. For example, ammonium sulfate is used as fertilizer or fertilizer additive. Ammonium sulfate is a source of both nitrogen and sulfur, which are important plant nutrients. There is a lack of sulfur worldwide in many soils, which can be at least partially compensated by the targeted addition of ammonium sulfate.
  • ammonium sulfate can be formed by introducing ammonia into sulfuric acid.
  • Industrial ammonium sulfate is often crystallized from solutions which are obtained as a by-product, for example, in coal stoves or plants for the production of caprolactam.
  • the crystallization of ammonium sulfate usually produces angular crystals, which usually have a diameter of 1 to 2 mm.
  • Ammonium sulfate is usually not the only component of a fertilizer; rather, fertilizers include combinations of various plant nutrients (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium or sulfur). Ammonium sulfate is therefore often mixed in use with other granulated fertilizers to produce a balanced fertilizer mixture.
  • crystalline ammonium sulfate has some disadvantages that make it difficult to add to fertilizer granules.
  • the particles of ammonium sulfate formed in the crystallization are relatively small, on the other hand, the particles often vary in size very much. These properties make it difficult to prepare physically homogeneous fertilizer mixtures with ammonium sulfate.
  • a uniform mixing and particle size distribution of the individual components is essential. Too large a width of the particle size distribution can also lead to mechanical problems in the uniform discharge of the fertilizer mixture.
  • the uptake of crystalline and granulated fertilizers into the soil varies at different speeds.
  • Granulated ammonium sulfate is ideally spherical and the individual particles of the granules have, for example, a diameter of 2 to 4 mm. This size is based on the urea granules, which is the world's most widely used fertilizer.
  • US 4 589 904 describes the granulation of ammonium sulphate in a drier granulation with a downstream dryer, the solution being made in a pre-neutralizer.
  • US 2012/0231277 relates to the production of build-up granules by fluidized bed or jet bed granulation.
  • This granulation (Nuclei), which were previously prepared separately, sprayed with an ammonium sulfate-containing solution and then dried.
  • the abrasion of the granules due to movements and collisions of the particles is to be mentioned as a dust source, for example in a fluidized bed, wherein the amount of the resulting dust depends significantly on the mechanical properties of the granules.
  • a dust source for example in a fluidized bed
  • the amount of the resulting dust depends significantly on the mechanical properties of the granules.
  • resulting dust to call which usually passes in the methods and systems of the prior art with the break directly back into the granulator.
  • hot exhaust air is produced at a temperature in the range of, for example, about 70 ° C to about 100 ° C, which is released to the environment in conventional processes. This is going on in the hot Lost energy contained in the exhaust air, so that the process is economically unfavorable in terms of energy consumption.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved process for producing a fertilizer granules by fluidized bed granulation having the features of the type mentioned above, which has a more favorable energy balance.
  • At least a partial flow of the hot exhaust air is returned to the granulator and used as fluidizing air. This creates the opportunity to use the thermal energy contained in the exhaust air and to reduce the heating energy necessary for the heating of the fresh air for the fluidization.
  • Exhaust air recirculation can add investment to an air cleaning system and an additional cycle fan, increasing the cost of the system, but at the same time reducing the fresh air blower by up to 50%, as well as a heat exchanger (air preheater) and energy consumption for preheating the fluid air becomes significant lower.
  • the cost of running steam which is often used in industrial air heating systems, is up to 30% lower.
  • an ammonium sulfate (AS) fluidized bed granulation plant are reduced in this way. Savings potential is achieved through this heat integration.
  • AS spray granulation method conventional processes with the exhaust air, which is heated to 100 ° C., would otherwise discharge considerable amounts of the energy supplied to the process from the system into the environment. Therefore, the solution according to the invention results in a considerable savings potential.
  • the recirculated hot exhaust air and a stream of freshly drawn and / or optionally preheated air are mixed together and the mixed air thus generated is used for the fluidization.
  • an additional heating of the air provided for the fluidization is preferably provided via an external heat source or a further heat exchanger ,
  • steam may be used at a pressure in a range of, for example, up to about 16 bar.
  • a source of steam is often available as steam is used for other important engineering applications. It can also be used the heat of reaction from the neutralization of ammonia with sulfuric acid.
  • the air intended for the fluidization is cleaned before it is fed to the fluidized bed, in particular in order to deposit any solid particles in this way.
  • the air provided for the fluidization flows through at least one cleaning device before it is fed to the fluidized bed.
  • the air provided for the fluidization flows through at least one cyclone separator as a cleaning device before it is fed to the fluidized bed.
  • the use of already existing exhaust gas streams of other (partial) plants either in the form of a direct feed as a fluid flow for the fluidization for creating an improved heat integration of the plant for fluidized bed granulation of a fertilizer, for example in an existing plant network , or provided as a heat source for the indirect heating / preheating of a fluid flow for fluidization in a fluidized bed granulator.
  • a partial flow of a present exhaust stream of (sub) systems for direct fluidization or as a heat source for the indirect heating of a fluid air stream for use in a fluidized bed granulator is conceivable.
  • a fluid stream originating from another (partial) plant for heating a fluid air stream may be useful for use in a fluidized bed granulation of a fertilizer granulate.
  • the present invention further relates to a plant for producing a fertilizer granules by fluidized bed granulation, in particular by a method of the type described above, wherein the plant comprises a fluidized bed granulator, at least one conduit for the supply of air for fluidization to the fluidized bed granulator and at least one line for the Supply of a solution containing substances for the production of the granules to the fluidized bed granulator and at least one line for removing heated exhaust air from the fluidized bed granulator, wherein according to the invention at least one of the fluidized bed granulator leading return line is provided by means of which at least a partial flow of the exhaust air from the Fluid bed granulator in the conduit for the supply of air for fluidization to the fluidized bed granulator is traceable.
  • this plant preferably comprises at least one cleaning device, preferably a cyclone separator and / or a filter device, which are arranged in the flow path of the return line between the fluidized bed granulator and the line for the supply of air to the fluidized bed granulator.
  • at least one cleaning device preferably a cyclone separator and / or a filter device, which are arranged in the flow path of the return line between the fluidized bed granulator and the line for the supply of air to the fluidized bed granulator.
  • At least one additional fan should be arranged in the flow path of the return line.
  • the blower serves to bring the exhaust air flow of the recirculated exhaust air to a predetermined pressure, which preferably corresponds approximately to the pressure of the inflowing fresh air.
  • a preferred structural variant of the invention provides that at least one air heater is arranged in the line for the supply of air to the fluidized bed granulator and opens the return line in the flow path in front of this air heater in the line. In the air heater, heating with steam, direct heating with a burner or, in the case of smaller systems, heating with an electric air heater can also be carried out if necessary become .
  • At least one fresh-air blower is arranged in the line for the supply of air to the fluidized bed granulator in the flow path before the confluence of the return line, that is usually at least two blowers in a system according to the invention, a fan for the recirculated exhaust air and a separate blower for the fresh air supplied.
  • blower which is preferably arranged as a sucking blower in a separate line for non-recirculated exhaust air emanating from the fluidized bed granulator, so that this exhaust air can be sucked out of the system and released to the environment after cleaning can.
  • the present invention further relates to the use of a plant for producing a fertilizer granules having the features described above in a method according to the invention of the type described above.
  • a particularly preferred variant of the present invention is based on a perforated bottom plate for distributing the fluidization medium. This distributes the fluidizing medium over the entire surface of a generally (but not necessarily) rectangular apparatus, with as moderate gas velocities.
  • Dried animal excrement is a slurry, ie suspension which may also contain solid matter in the aqueous sludge. We work with a solid particle-free solution, otherwise our nozzles would be added.
  • the granulate produced in the context of the present invention is preferably a nitrogen and sulfur fertilizer with less than 0.5% moisture content.
  • the granules are therefore inorganic in nature.
  • inorganic dust components in the exhaust gas are trapped in variants by separation in cyclones (recirculation gas) and in another purification unit for exhaust gas (scrubber, filter, cyclone). A combustion does not make sense here.
  • the granules obtained are discharged from the granulator only by an overflow or rotary valve.
  • the exhaust air are preferably at most fine particles that may need to be separated and are returned to the granulation process, for this combustion makes no sense.
  • the temperature range of the fluidizing air in some embodiments of the present invention is preferably 180-200 ° C.
  • an electric air heater or a heat exchanger operated with low or medium pressure steam may be used.
  • total air flow to the target temperature can be used in such preferred variants of the present invention, either an electric air heater or operated with medium pressure steam heat exchanger.
  • the heating of the gas does not take place via a combustion chamber, an incinerator or a similar device.
  • suitable, suitable exhaust gas streams from other (partial) plants can either be used directly as a fluid stream for the fluidization or as a heat source for the heating / preheating of a fluid stream for the fluidization in the fluidized bed granulator become .
  • the plant is a fertilizer production plant;
  • the various features of the objects described for the system according to the invention and for the method according to the invention can be used identically.
  • Figure 1 is a flow diagram of an exemplary granulation plant for producing a fertilizer granules with heat recovery according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of an exemplary granulation plant, which for the production of fertilizer granules according to the invention is used.
  • This plant is a type of plant specifically designed for the production of small quantities of fertilizer granules.
  • a so-called fluidized bed granulator 17 is used for the preparation of the granules.
  • the air used for fluidization is sucked from the environment by a blower 23, which flows via the line 18 and via a distributor plate 2 into the process chamber 1. Before entering the process chamber, the air passes through electric air heaters 10 a, 10 b.
  • spray nozzles 3 which are installed in a "bottom-spray" configuration and which spray the solution vertically upward in co-current with the fluidizing air Granulation additives can be dissolved in a first container 8a or presented as a solution
  • the granulation additives are supplied to this first container 8a via a line 11.
  • This first container 8a can be filled with water for the second container Concentration adjustment are supplied.
  • the ammonium sulfate solution is prepared in a second container 8 b.
  • This second container 8 b is supplied to a connected via a line 12 branch line 13 water and the ammonium sulfate (AS) as a solution or more rarely in crystal form is added via a further line 14 in the second container 8 b.
  • AS ammonium sulfate
  • the appropriate amount of additive solution from the first container 8 a is metered into the second container 8 b with the AS solution.
  • the additive may also be added in crystal form to the AS solution.
  • the solution is homogenized by a stirrer and preheated by heating to the process temperature.
  • the solution is then conveyed by a pump 5 via the line 19 to the nozzles 3 in the fluidized bed granulator 17.
  • an expansion chamber 4 which has a larger apparatus cross-section than the process chamber 1.
  • the enlarged cross section the air velocity is reduced, thus reducing the discharge of small particles from the system.
  • the exhaust air enters an external cleaning unit 6 and is freed there from discharged from the granulator 17 particles.
  • After the cleaning stage is a fan 7, so that the entire system in the suction mode (vacuum) is operated.
  • the removed granules are classified by means of a sieve 9 into the three fractions oversize, product and undersize.
  • the screened undersize fine grain is recirculated via the lines 15, 16 and added together with additional seed material in the granulator.
  • a purified partial stream of the exhaust air is optionally discharged from the system via the line 26, while a further partial flow is returned to use the thermal energy contained in the exhaust air.
  • a branching of the exiting the granulator 17 exhaust duct is provided so that this attributable partial flow over in the Drawing can be passed to the left leading line to a cleaning device 21, which is, for example, a cyclone separator, by means of which solid particles can be separated from the exhaust air stream.
  • the solid particles deposited there can, for example, be returned via line 28 to the container 8 b, in which the granulate solution is produced.
  • a partial flow of recycled recirculated air cleaned in this cyclone separator 21 is then conveyed via a line 27 and a blower 22 into the duct 18, via which the air for fluidization enters the process chamber 1, the addition of the recirculated exhaust air preferably downstream of the fresh air blower 23 and air heater 10 a and upstream of the air heater 10 b takes place.
  • the advantage of using the recirculated exhaust air is that it still stores heat energy, so that after their merge with the externally supplied, partially heated in the air heater 10 a fresh air downstream of the blower 23 already a further warming of the fresh air supplied by the warm Exhaust air takes place. This reduces the energy needed to heat all the air for fluidization by the air heater 10b.
  • the flows 18 and 26 are reduced by returning a partial flow. This reduces the requirements and power consumption of the blower 7 and 23 and the cleaning unit. 6
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment in which, as an alternative or in addition to the fresh air sucked in, warm, suitable exhaust gas streams 30 from other (partial) installations are mixed with the recirculated stream in line 27.
  • Air heater or heat exchanger stage 1 10 a Air heater or heat exchanger stage 1 10 b Air heater or heat exchanger stage 2 11 Line for adding the additives

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé permettant de produire des granulés d'engrais par granulation en lit fluidisé dans un granulateur à lit fluidisé (17). Selon le procédé, de l'air utilisé pour la fluidisation dans le lit fluidisé est aspiré par le biais d'une conduite (18) et est réchauffé avant son entrée dans le granulateur à lit fluidisé (17). Au cours du processus, de l'air évacué chaud sortant du granulateur à lit fluidisé est produit et, selon l'invention, au moins une partie du flux d'air évacué chaud est recirculée et utilisée pour la fluidisation. Ceci permet d'utiliser l'énergie thermique contenue dans l'air évacué et de diminuer l'énergie de chauffage requise pour le réchauffement de l'air frais pour la fluidisation. L'air recirculé peut par exemple être épuré par le biais d'un cyclone dépoussiéreur (21), afin de séparer des particules solides avant que l'air évacué épuré ne soit combiné avec l'air frais.
EP18701022.8A 2017-01-25 2018-01-18 Procédé et système de récupération de chaleur lors de la granulation en lit fluidisé Withdrawn EP3573745A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017201182.3A DE102017201182A1 (de) 2017-01-25 2017-01-25 Verfahren und Anlage zur Wärmerückgewinnung bei der Fließbettgranulation
PCT/EP2018/051212 WO2018137995A1 (fr) 2017-01-25 2018-01-18 Procédé et système de récupération de chaleur lors de la granulation en lit fluidisé

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3573745A1 true EP3573745A1 (fr) 2019-12-04

Family

ID=61017931

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18701022.8A Withdrawn EP3573745A1 (fr) 2017-01-25 2018-01-18 Procédé et système de récupération de chaleur lors de la granulation en lit fluidisé

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20190366288A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3573745A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN110198778A (fr)
DE (1) DE102017201182A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW201829056A (fr)
WO (1) WO2018137995A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109395659B (zh) * 2018-10-09 2021-06-25 广东海洋大学 一种带有筛选功能的红豆草种植用长效释控肥造粒装置

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1275463A (fr) * 1960-09-28 1961-11-10 Potasse & Engrais Chimiques Perfectionnements à la granulation et au séchage de produits fluides
CH662752A5 (de) * 1984-05-19 1987-10-30 Glatt Maschinen & Apparatebau Verfahren zum behandeln eines teilchenfoermigen gutes und einrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens.
US4589904A (en) 1984-09-25 1986-05-20 Tennessee Valley Authority Granulation of crystalline by-product ammonium sulfate
US4698190A (en) * 1985-09-02 1987-10-06 Kabushiki Kaisha Okawaraseisakusho Method and apparatus of controlling granulation of moisture-absorbing powder material
DE4206521A1 (de) * 1992-03-02 1993-09-09 Cognis Bio Umwelt Verfahren zur herstellung von granulaten, die als netz-, wasch- und/oder reinigungsmittel geeignet sind
CN1076721A (zh) * 1993-02-11 1993-09-29 亨克尔两合股份公司 适合作为去污剂、洗涤剂和/或清洗剂的颗粒的制造方法
CA2178575A1 (fr) * 1996-06-07 1997-12-08 Kebir Ratnani Deshydrateur-granulateur de fumier
DE19704180C1 (de) * 1997-02-05 1998-08-20 Degussa Verfahren zur Herstellung von Alkalicyanid- und Erdalkalicyanid-Granulaten und hierbei erhältliche Alkalicyanid-Granulate hoher Reinheit
NL1017130C2 (nl) * 2001-01-17 2002-07-18 Dsm Nv Werkwijze voor het bereiden van granules.
EP2305371A1 (fr) 2009-09-10 2011-04-06 Stamicarbon B.V. Procédé de production de granulés
CN103007819A (zh) * 2012-12-17 2013-04-03 山东奥诺能源科技有限公司 流化床低温造粒干燥生产系统
US8974763B1 (en) * 2013-12-18 2015-03-10 Rentech, Inc. System and method for production of granular ammonium sulfate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN110198778A (zh) 2019-09-03
WO2018137995A1 (fr) 2018-08-02
US20190366288A1 (en) 2019-12-05
TW201829056A (zh) 2018-08-16
DE102017201182A1 (de) 2018-07-26

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