EP3569418B1 - Method for operating a printing press - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for operating a printing press according to the features of claim 1.

Different printing processes are used in printing machines. Non-impact printing processes (NIP = non-impact printing) are printing processes that manage without a fixed, i.e. physically immutable, printing form. Such printing processes can produce different print images in each printing process. Examples of non-impact printing processes are ionographic processes, magnetographic processes, thermographic processes, electrophotography, laser printing and, in particular, inkjet printing processes or inkjet printing processes. Such printing processes usually have at least one image-generating device, for example at least one print head. In the case of the inkjet printing process, such a print head is designed, for example, as an inkjet print head and has at least one and preferably several nozzles, by means of which at least one printing fluid, for example in the form of ink droplets, can be transferred to a printing substrate in a targeted manner. The printing material should be as constant as possible from the image-generating device, on the one hand in order to be able to coordinate the image generation in terms of time and on the other hand in order to avoid damage to the image-generating device.

For example, in the inkjet printing process, in particular in connection with water-based ink, it can happen that the printing material is deformed, for example waves. Such waves can, on the one hand, harbor the risk of damage to both the print heads and the printing material and, on the other hand, lead to poor print quality, for example because of differences long flight times of drops of pressurized fluid.

Through the US 2012/0162299 A1 a printing unit is known which has several print heads and fixed guide elements in the area of the print heads.

Printing material that has been provided with a printing fluid is usually dried in a later process. Various devices are known to enable such a drying process. For example, an energy output device is arranged that can remove solvents and / or trigger crosslinking reactions. It is known to move the respective energy output device, for example for maintenance purposes, from an active position into a different parking position.

Through the US 2009/0013553 A1 a printing machine with at least one dryer unit is known. The dryer unit has a dryer which can be moved into a maintenance position parallel to a plane occupied by the printing material within the dryer.

Through the CA 2 281 212 A1 a printing machine with a dryer is known which has hot air nozzles and can be pivoted about a pivot axis in order to be able to carry out maintenance work on a printing unit.

Through the EP 1 445 563 A2 a dryer is known which can be lifted up to pull in a web and can also be moved horizontally in order to carry out maintenance work on the rollers below the dryer.

Through the DE 10 2013 208 754 A1 a printing machine with a dryer is known, a drawing-in means being described in the area of a printing unit.

Through the EP 2 047 992 A2 a printing machine with a dryer is known.

the DE 199 03 607 A1 shows a flexographic printing machine with radially adjustable dryer units.

the WO 2013/056292 A1 shows a printing machine with a dryer, which can be moved together with a print head, the distance between them being adjustable.

the DE 10 2011 076899 A1 shows a printing machine with an ink jet printhead, radiation dryer and cooling roller.

The invention is based on the object of creating a method for operating a printing press.

The object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 1.

A printing press has at least one printing assembly and at least one dryer unit. The at least one dryer unit has at least one first dryer, which is preferably designed as at least one radiation dryer. The at least one first dryer has at least one first preferably controllable and / or regulatable energy output device. The at least one first energy output device is designed, for example, as at least one radiation source and / or at least one air supply line. The at least one radiation source is designed, for example, as an infrared radiation source and / or as a radiation source for ultraviolet light and / or as a radiation source for electromagnetic radiation in the visible range and / or as a radiation source for microwave radiation. The at least one radiation source is preferably at least one controllable and / or regulatable radiation source. At least the first The energy output device is preferably designed for the targeted transfer of energy, in particular from the at least one first energy output device, to a printing substrate, preferably at least partially provided with printing fluid, which is and / or can be arranged in an effective area of the first energy output device. The at least one first energy output device is arranged to be movable, in particular relative to a transport path provided for transporting web-like printing material. The area of action of the at least one first energy output device preferably intersects a transport path provided for transporting web-like printing material. The at least one dryer is preferably designed as a radiation dryer.

The at least one first energy output device is arranged movably along an adjustment path between at least one active position and at least one parking position and more preferably two parking positions that are different in particular with respect to an adjusting direction. The adjustment path extends over at least 75% of its total distance, preferably over at least 90% of its total distance and more preferably over its complete total distance continuously linear in and / or against an adjustment direction. The total distance is the maximum distance that the travel distance between two points can be. In other words, the at least one first energy output device is movably arranged along an at least 75%, preferably at least 90%, and more preferably completely linear adjustment path in and / or against an adjustment direction between at least one active position and at least one parking position and more preferably two different parking positions . This means in particular that the travel along its total distance is preferably at least 75%, more preferably at least 90% and even more preferably 100% of this total distance continuously and without any intermediate deviation, linearly and at the same time in or against the direction of adjustment. Deviations from this direction of adjustment are only conceivable at the beginning and / or at one end of the travel range.

The adjustment direction preferably deviates from at least one horizontal direction by at most 40 °, more preferably at most 30 °, even more preferably at most 15 ° and even more preferably at most 5 °. The adjusting direction further deviates by preferably at most 40 °, more preferably at most 30 °, even more preferably at most 15 ° and even more preferably at most 5 ° from a normal direction, this normal direction being a normal direction of a mean surface normal of a whole in an in particular whole area of action of the is at least one first energy output device lying section of a transport path provided for web-like printing material. The normal direction of the mean surface normal is preferably determined as a mean value over all directions of surface normals of tangent planes to all surface elements of the transport path provided for the printing material in the area of action of the at least one first energy output device. The adjustment path is in particular that path along which an at least one geometric center of gravity of the movable component, in particular of the first dryer 301, is moved and / or can be moved. For example, the travel path is that path along and / or parallel to which the at least one energy output device 302 is moved and / or can be moved.

One advantage is that a space can be created in which an operator can reach and / or which an operator can enter, for example around the at least to maintain an energy output device and / or to gain access to a section of the transport path of the printing material which is arranged within the effective area. In the case of wide printing material webs in particular, it pays off that the adjustment direction makes a necessary adjustment path independent of the width of the printing material web. Another advantage is that a shutdown in the actuating direction, even with a very small actuating path, causes a pull-in Printing substrate web made possible by the at least one first dryer. In particular, a drawing-in process can thus be accelerated because less time is required than if the at least one energy output device always had to be moved into a relatively distant position. One advantage of an essentially horizontal adjustment direction is that an upright operator has sufficient space available even with a relatively short adjustment path, in particular regardless of the width of the printing material.

The printing press is preferably characterized in that at least one and preferably exactly one, preferably endless, pull-in means, which can be moved along at least one pull-in path, and which can be moved along at least one pull-in path, for pulling in a printing substrate web, is arranged at least within the at least one dryer unit and more preferably also within the at least one printing unit / or can be arranged. An arrangement within the dryer unit is to be understood in particular as meaning that a projection of the at least one drawing-in means in or against an axial direction or transverse direction intersects an area of action of the at least one energy output device. The axial direction or transverse direction preferably extends parallel to an axis of rotation of at least one printing material guide element of the printing press and in particular of the dryer unit.

The printing press is preferably characterized in that at least parts of the at least one feed path and more preferably the entire feed path in the axial direction or transverse direction with respect to each target area of each nozzle of each print head of this at least one printing unit are at a distance of at least 2 cm. Preferably at least parts of the at least one retraction path and preferably the complete retraction path in the axial direction to each target area of each nozzle of each print head of this at least one printing unit have a distance of at least 2 cm, more preferably at least 4 cm, even more preferably at least 6 cm and even more preferably at least 8 cm. Preferably wise at least parts of the drawing-in means and more preferably the complete drawing-in means in the axial direction relative to each target area of each nozzle of each print head of this at least one printing unit a distance of at least 2 cm, more preferably at least 4 cm, even more preferably at least 6 cm and even more preferably at least 8 cm up. In combination with the possible adjusting movement of the at least one energy output device of the at least one first dryer, this results in the advantage that a printing substrate web can be drawn into the printing press particularly easily, quickly and precisely, and yet there is no risk of damage and / or contamination from nozzles of printheads and / or from components of the dryer unit.

The printing press is preferably characterized in that at least one printing substrate web is connected and / or connectable to the at least one drawing-in means via at least one connecting element, the at least one connecting element further preferably being designed as at least one drawing-in tip. The printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one drawing-in means is designed as at least one endless drawing-in belt and / or that at least one drawing-in guide element is arranged, by means of which the at least one drawing-in path of the at least one drawing-in means can be set and / or fixed, with further preference the at least one draw-in guide element is designed as at least one deflection roller or as at least one chain rail and / or the at least one draw-in guide element is designed as at least one rotatable draw-in guide element.

The at least one drawing-in means for drawing in a printing substrate web along the intended transport path of the printing substrate web is preferably arranged, in particular permanently, along its at least one drawing-in path within the printing press. Preferably, the at least one threading means has in each case at least two and more preferably at least five provided connection points, at which at least one printing substrate web is connected directly and / or via at least one connection element to the at least one pulling means can be connected. The printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least two connection points in the axial direction are at a distance of no more than 10 cm, more preferably no more than 5 cm, even more preferably no more than 2 cm and even more preferably no distance from one another and / or that the at least two connection points are spaced apart from one another along the at least one pull-in path.

Preferably, before the printing material web is drawn in by the at least one printing unit, at least one print head, embodied as an inkjet print head, of the at least one printing unit is switched off from the intended transport path of the at least one printing material web. In a sub-process of a drawing-in process, at least one drawing-in means is then preferably moved along a drawing-in path through the at least one printing unit and the at least one printing substrate web is drawn along the transport path provided for the at least one printing-substrate web. The retraction path and the transport path are preferably spaced apart from one another as seen in an axial direction.

As an alternative or in addition, the printing press is preferably characterized in that at least two parking positions of the at least one first energy output device that are different, in particular with regard to the actuating direction, are provided, in which the at least one first energy output device can be specifically arranged depending on the operating mode. The at least two parking positions provided are preferably provided in addition to the at least one active position. For example, one of the parking positions is a retracted position and / or one of the parking positions is an access position. For example, a shortest distance between the at least one first energy output device and the transport path provided for the printing material is greater when the first energy output device is arranged in the access position than when the first energy output device is arranged in the retracted position. In particular, there is a shortest distance between the at least one first Energy output device and the transport path provided for the printing material when the first energy output device is arranged in the pull-in position than when the first energy output device is arranged in the active position, preferably by at least 5 mm, more preferably by at least 50 mm and even more preferably by at least 90 mm and independently of this, for example by maximum 400 mm. A shortest distance between the at least one first energy output device and the transport path provided for the printing material is preferably greater when the first energy output device is arranged in the access position than when the first energy output device is arranged in the active position, preferably by at least 450 mm, more preferably by at least 600 mm and even further preferably by at least 700 mm.

As an alternative or in addition, the printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one printing assembly has at least two image-generating devices, in particular designed as print heads. As an alternative or in addition, the printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one printing assembly has at least one inkjet print head and more preferably at least two inkjet print heads.

Preferably, the printing press is alternatively or additionally characterized in that a straight connection between a first guide element, based on a printing section of the transport path provided for printing material, of the at least one printing unit upstream of the at least one dryer unit, and a guide element related to the printing section of the transport path provided for printing material last guide element of the at least one printing unit upstream of the at least one printing unit, defined main conveying direction of the at least one printing unit upstream of the at least one dryer unit, when guide elements are arranged in their working position, this at least one printing unit has an upward component. For example, the printing press is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the The transport path from the beginning of the printing section in the at least one printing unit to an end of the effective area of the at least one first energy output device is curved in only one direction, apart from straight sections, in particular convexly with respect to the side of the printing material printed in the at least one printing unit. One advantage is that after an ascending course of the transport path of the printing material through the at least one printing unit, a substantially downwardly running transport path through the at least one dryer is made possible, with a freshly printed side of the printing material between the printing unit and the dryer not having components of the Printing press needs to come into contact. As an alternative or in addition, the printing press is preferably characterized in that a transport direction provided for the web-like printing material has a vertical component in the area of action of the at least one energy output device which points downward.

Preferably, the printing press is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the at least one printing unit has at least two inkjet print heads, which define application points for printing fluid, and that a transport path through the printing unit provided for printing material is defined by at least two fixed guide elements of the at least one printing unit and that a printing section of the transport path provided for printing material begins at a first application point of the printing assembly provided along this transport path and ends at a last application point of the printing assembly provided along this intended transport path, and that along the printing section of this transport path provided, at least five fixed guide elements that define the transport path provided are arranged one behind the other.

As an alternative or in addition, the printing press is preferably characterized in that it follows the area of action along the transport path provided for the printing material the at least one first energy output device is arranged at least one measuring roller and / or at least one first deflection roller, which is preferably wrapped by the transport path provided for the printing material and / or by the printing material. Preferably, the printing press is alternatively or additionally characterized in that at least one first tension roller is arranged along the transport path provided for the printing material in front of the area of action of the at least one first energy output device, which is assigned at least one drive motor of its own and which is preferably of the one provided for the printing material Transport path and / or the printing material is wrapped around and / or that along the transport path provided for the printing material, after the area of action of the at least one first energy output device and / or after the at least one measuring roller and / or after the at least one first deflection roller, at least one second draw roller is arranged , which is preferably wrapped by the transport path provided for the printing material and / or the printing material. One advantage is that a web tension within the dryer can thereby be measured and / or specifically influenced and / or maintained. As an alternative or in addition, the printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one second draw roller and / or the at least one measuring roller and / or the at least one first deflecting roller is designed as at least one cooling roller. One advantage is that a high energy input is possible in the dryer because the printing material is subsequently cooled down again and this means that damage to the printing material is kept lower than if the printing material were kept permanently at correspondingly high temperatures.

Preferably, the printing press is alternatively or additionally characterized in that at least one, but preferably several, for example at least three, more preferably at least five and even more preferably at least nine pressure rollers are each arranged individually pressed against the at least one second draw roller. One advantage then is that there is an improvement in the contact between the printing material can be reached with the second draw roller, which on the one hand makes it easier to influence the web tension and on the other hand enables an improved heat transfer to the cooling roller if necessary.

As an alternative or in addition, the printing press is preferably characterized in that at least one actuating drive is arranged, by means of which the at least one energy output device can be moved along the actuating path. The at least one actuator is designed, for example, as at least one hydraulic and / or as at least one pneumatic drive. The at least one actuating drive is preferably designed as at least one electric drive and / or more preferably has at least one threaded spindle and at least one threaded nut interacting therewith. One advantage then is that particularly simple and precise adjusting movements and positioning can be carried out.

The printing machine having the at least one first printing unit is preferably characterized in that the at least one dryer unit with the at least one first dryer is arranged along the transport path provided for printing material after the at least one first printing unit, which is an area of the printing material, which is in particular designed as a drying section Has provided transport path which is determined by the area of action of the at least one dryer. Preferably, in at least half and more preferably at least 75% of the entire drying section of the transport path provided for printing material, a transport direction provided for the printing material has at least one vertical, preferably downward-pointing component that is larger than any horizontal component in this transport direction that may be present . This results in a particularly secure structure, because even if the web of printing material comes to a standstill and / or tears, it is prevented that the printing material remains lying directly over and / or on hot components of the dryer and is damaged or even catches fire.

The axial direction or transverse direction is preferably determined by an axis of rotation of the at least one first draw roller and / or an axis of rotation of the at least one second draw roller. The adjusting direction of the at least one energy output device is preferably linear. The adjusting direction of the at least one energy output device deviates from the axial direction or transverse direction by at least 50 °, preferably at least 60 °, more preferably at least 75 ° and even more preferably at least 85 °. Preferably, the actuating direction of the at least one energy output device simultaneously deviates from at least one horizontal direction by at most 40 °, preferably at most 30 °, more preferably at most 15 ° and even more preferably at most 5 °.

The radiation emitted by the at least one energy emitting device preferably removes solvent and / or moisture from the printing substrate web and / or from the printing fluid arranged thereon and absorbs it from the ambient air in an interior of the at least one first dryer. The transport path of the web of printing material runs through this interior space of the at least one first dryer. For example, in order to achieve a permanently high drying performance, temperature control of components of the at least one first dryer and / or ventilation of the interior of the at least one first dryer is provided. For this purpose, at least one ventilation device is preferably arranged in the area of the at least one energy output device. The at least one dryer is preferably at least also designed as a flow dryer. In an exemplary alternative embodiment, the at least one dryer is designed exclusively as a flow dryer.

The ventilation device preferably has at least one air supply line and at least one air discharge line. The at least one first dryer is thus preferably also designed as a flow dryer in addition to being designed as a radiation dryer.

The at least one air supply line is preferably arranged along the transport path provided for printing material between at least two air discharge lines.

The at least one air supply line is preferably at least one energy output device and at least one radiation source is likewise at least one energy output device. The at least one air supply line and / or the at least one air discharge line preferably each have at least one flexible area with which they are connected to a stationary air transport device.

As an alternative or in addition, the printing press is preferably characterized in that at least one shut-off device is arranged, by means of which a safety area can be separated and / or separated from an environment. The safety area is preferably such an area that comprises at least every volume that can be occupied by the at least one energy output device and possibly also by at least one dryer frame carrying the at least one energy output device during the movements along the travel path. More preferably, the security area also includes a larger spatial area. The safety area can preferably be entered from an environment through at least one closable opening in the shut-off device. This at least one opening can preferably be closed by means of a closure device, for example at least one door. A movement of the at least one energy delivery device, in particular from the active position and / or its access position and / or its retracted position, is preferably only possible when the at least one locking device is closed and / or when a signal transmitter located outside the safety area is operated. The at least one closure device is preferably only to be opened when the at least one energy output device is arranged in its access position.

As an alternative or in addition, the printing press is preferably characterized in that the at least one printing unit is at least two, in particular as print heads has trained image-forming devices, through which each application points for printing fluid are determined. A particularly first transport path through the printing unit, which is provided for printing material, is preferably defined by at least two guide elements of the printing unit. More preferably, these at least two guide elements are preferably at least two preferably stationary guide elements of the printing assembly. A printing section of the transport path provided for printing material preferably begins at a first application point of the printing assembly provided along this transport path and this printing section ends at a last application point of the printing assembly provided along this transport path. The fixed guide elements make it particularly easy to build them up. It is still possible to realize very large printing widths without having problems with sagging guide elements. A print head is preferably an image-generating device for a non-impact printing process, that is to say a printing process without a fixed printing form.

The printing assembly is preferably characterized in that at least two, preferably at least five, more preferably at least eight, even more preferably at least ten, even more preferably at least fourteen and even more preferably at least twenty-eight fixed, the intended transport path along the printing section of this intended transport path defining guide elements are arranged one behind the other. This results in the particular advantage that a particularly large number of print heads and thus a high printing speed and high print quality can be achieved.

A stationary guide element is to be understood here in particular as a guide element that is immovable and / or stationary in a printing operation and / or that is neither rotatable by its own drive nor by contact with printing material and / or that is rotatable with respect to rotational movements and / or Rotational movements and / or pivoting movements about such axes that lead to a Transport direction of the transport path provided for printing material are oriented orthogonally, is provided at most for pivoting movements together with other guide elements about at least one common pivot axis. In particular, the at least one printing unit is preferably characterized in that preferably the at least two and more preferably the at least five, in particular stationary, guide elements are stationary guide elements with respect to rotary movements or pivoting movements about axes other than at least one common pivot axis. The stationary guide elements are preferably, in particular, guide elements that are fixed to one another.

Preferably, the printing assembly is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the at least two and more preferably at least five fixed guide elements each have a deflection angle with respect to the transport path provided for printing material of at least 0.5 °, more preferably at least 1 ° and even more preferably at least 1.5 ° and which is preferably at most 5 °, more preferably at most 3 ° and even more preferably 2.5 °. This results in the particular advantage that a particularly flat course of the printing section of the intended transport path can be implemented and thus a large number of print heads can be arranged one behind the other. In addition, with a small deflection angle, friction between the printing material and the, in particular, stationary guide elements is reduced.

A transverse direction is preferably a horizontal direction that is orthogonal to the transport path provided for printing material through the at least one printing assembly. Preferably, the printing assembly is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the in particular at least two and preferably at least five stationary guide elements each have a radially symmetrical or even circular cross-section over more than half of their extension in the transverse direction. Radial symmetry or rotational symmetry is understood to mean a form of symmetry in which the rotation of an object by a certain angle of rotation about an axis, in particular axis of rotation or axis of symmetry, brings this object back to itself Brings cover. As an alternative or in addition, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that a respective outer surface of the in particular at least two and preferably at least five guide elements is designed in the shape of a cylinder jacket, at least within a working area of the printing unit. This results in the particular advantage that, when their surface sections that come into contact with the printing material are worn, the guide elements can simply be installed or fixed again rotated by a certain, for example predetermined, angle and used again. With a very small deflection angle, there is a particularly large number of possible re-uses of the web guiding elements.

Preferably, the printing unit is alternatively or additionally characterized in that these at least two and preferably at least five guide elements that define this transport path in the area of the printing section are arranged pivotably about at least one pivot axis common to them, in particular about these at least two and preferably at least five guide elements between a respective work position and a respective maintenance position to move. Preferably, these at least two and preferably at least five of these provided transport paths are arranged in the area of the printing section with defining guide elements by means of at least one pivot drive and / or in at least one common movement and / or pivotable relative to the at least two print heads about the at least one pivot axis common to them. This results in the particular advantage that a maintenance space can be created in particular for cleaning a shielding device and / or the guide elements. Preferably, the printing unit is alternatively or additionally characterized in that these at least two and more preferably at least five guide elements are arranged to be pivotable about the at least one pivot axis common to them that is at least 10 °, more preferably at least 20 ° and even more preferably at least 30 °.

As an alternative or in addition, the printing assembly is preferably characterized in that a main conveying direction defined by a straight connection between a first guide element related to the printing section of the transport path provided for printing material and a last guide element related to the printing section of the transport path provided for printing material is oriented orthogonally to the transverse direction and that the main conveying direction is oriented orthogonally to the transverse direction when the guide elements are arranged in their maintenance position is arranged at an angle of at most 30 °, more preferably at most 20 ° and even more preferably at most 10 ° to a vertical direction.

This results in the particular advantage that the maintenance space becomes particularly large and the guide elements are particularly accessible in their maintenance position. In particular, large printing material widths or working widths of the printing assembly can be realized with it.

Preferably, the printing unit is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the main conveying direction, with the guide elements arranged in their working position, is more preferably at an angle of at least 10 °, more preferably at least 20 ° and even more preferably at least 30 ° and, in particular, regardless of this, at most 70 ° is aligned at most 55 ° and even more preferably at most 40 ° to a horizontal plane. This results in the particular advantage that even the lowermost print heads are not arranged too obliquely and that a rising course of the print section is nevertheless made possible. As a result of the rise, it is possible, immediately afterwards, to guide the web essentially from top to bottom through a dryer without bringing deflection means into contact with the freshly printed side of the web. As an alternative or in addition, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that the transport path provided for printing material is curved exclusively in one direction along the printing section, in particular downward and / or convex with respect to the side of the printing material printed in the at least one printing unit. A downward curvature does not contradict a transport path running upwards, but rather means, for example, an increase that becomes continuously or gradually flatter in the course of the transport path.

As an alternative or in addition, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that the transport path provided for printing material along the printing section is limited and / or contacted and / or touched by components of the printing unit exclusively on exactly one side.

Preferably, the printing unit is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the at least two print heads each have a plurality of nozzles and that more preferably per print head at least one nozzle has a target area which is at least and more preferably exactly one of the in particular at least two and more preferably at least five preferably fixed guide elements intersects. This preferably applies in particular to the respective print head arranged in its printing position and the respective guide element arranged in its working position. This preferably applies as an alternative or in addition to several or more preferably all nozzles of the respective print head. This results in the particular advantage that the printing fluid is applied to the printing material in an area in which it is particularly flat because it is drawn against the corresponding guide element by the deflection angle. In particular, water-based printing fluid basically causes the printing material to swell, which can lead to deformations, in particular corrugations, of the printing material. This is particularly critical in connection with non-full-area and / or variable print images. By aligning the nozzles with the guide elements and thus with the flat areas of the printing material, printing errors and / or damage to the nozzles arranged with only a small distance on the intended transport path are reduced and / or avoided. In particular, if such deformations do not occur to an excessive extent, all nozzles can also have target areas that do not intersect any of the at least two and more preferably at least five preferably stationary guide elements, but run exclusively between the guide elements and the guide elements.

Preferably, the printing unit is alternatively or additionally characterized in that at least one of the at least two and preferably at least five transport path provided in the area of the printing section with defining guide elements at three transversely spaced apart locations, preferably designed as support areas, with a total of at least two lateral support elements and at least one inner support element is in contact and is thereby fixed in its position. More preferably, the printing unit is alternatively or additionally characterized by the fact that several or even more preferably all of the at least two and preferably at least five of these provided transport paths in the area of the printing section with defining guide elements at three points spaced apart in the transverse direction, preferably designed as support areas a total of at least two lateral support elements and at least one inner support element are in contact and are thereby fixed in their position, wherein preferably the several or even more preferably all guide elements are each in contact with the same lateral and / or inner support elements. This also results in a supporting effect on the guide elements between the outer ends of the guide elements, which as a result have less or no tendency to be bent by gravity and / or the web tension. Otherwise, such a deflection would in particular have an impact on the distance between the nozzle and the printing material. This ensures a high print image quality even with large web widths. Preferably, the printing unit is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the at least one inner support element is in contact with the at least one guide element at a point preferably designed as a support area, the position of which in the transverse direction is related to the position of at least one nozzle of at least one print head of the printing unit matches.

Preferably, the printing assembly is alternatively or additionally characterized in that within the at least one printing assembly, at least one of the at least one can be moved along the at least one retraction path, and more preferably of any Printing material is arranged and / or can be arranged different drawing means for drawing in a printing material web. This results in the particular advantage that a particularly simple and reliable drawing of printing material into the printing assembly and / or the printing machine is made possible, which is particularly important in the case of large web widths.

Preferably, the printing unit is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the printing unit has at least one, in particular, stationary frame or machine frame and that the printing unit has the at least one first transport path provided for printing material webs with at least two guide elements and at least one movable relative to the frame , in particular has a pivotable support element and that at least one first web fixing device for fixing a first section of a printing substrate relative to the first web fixing device and / or relative to the frame is arranged along this first provided transport path. A fixation is to be understood in particular not only as a support against the force of gravity, but rather a relative immobility, in particular with regard to any movement in any direction. Preferably, the printing unit is alternatively or additionally characterized in that, along this first intended transport path and in particular after the at least one first web fixing device, at least one support element connected to the at least one support element movable relative to the frame and at least one movable relative to the frame at least together with it Support element is also arranged relative to the frame movable second web fixing device for fixing a second section of a printing material web relative to the second web fixing device and / or relative to the at least one movable support element. The at least one first web fixing device is preferably arranged on the frame.

As an alternative or in addition, the printing assembly is preferably characterized in that the at least two transport paths that are provided for the printing material are included defining guide elements are movable, in particular pivotably arranged relative to the frame together with the at least one support element, preferably at least one support element on this. Preferably, the printing unit is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the at least one support element is arranged to be pivotable about the at least one common pivot axis together with the at least one second web fixing device and / or together with the at least two guide elements. The at least one second web fixing device is preferably arranged to be movable independently of the at least one first web fixing device. Preferably, the printing unit is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the second web fixing device can be moved in particular together with the at least two guide elements relative to the first web fixing device and that a distance between the at least one second web fixing device and the at least one first web fixing device can be changed. As an alternative or in addition, the printing assembly is preferably characterized in that the at least one first web fixing device is arranged on the frame of the printing assembly. As an alternative or in addition, the printing assembly is preferably characterized in that a possibly existing maximum adjustment path of the at least one first web fixing device is smaller than a tenth of a maximum adjustment path of the at least one second web fixing device.

Preferably, the printing assembly is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the at least one second web fixing device can be arranged, in particular together with the part of the second section of the at least one printing substrate fixed thereon, at different distances from the at least one image-generating device, which is preferably designed as a print head.

As an alternative or in addition, the printing unit is preferably characterized in that the printing unit has at least two image-generating devices, which define application points for printing fluid and that a printing section of the The first transport path provided for printing material begins at a first application point of the printing unit provided along this intended transport path and ends at a last application point of the printing unit provided along this intended transport path and that along this intended transport path the at least two guide elements that define the intended transport path along the printing section of this first intended transport path are arranged one behind the other.

Preferably, the printing unit is alternatively or additionally characterized in that at least one separating device and / or at least one connecting device is arranged along the intended transport path between the at least one first web fixing device and the at least one second web fixing device. As an alternative or in addition, the printing assembly is preferably characterized in that the first section of the printing substrate web and the second section of the printing substrate web belong to the same printing substrate web, at least before a possible severing.

As an alternative or in addition, the printing assembly is preferably characterized in that the at least one first web fixing device and / or the at least one second web fixing device is or are designed as a suction device. As an alternative or in addition, the printing assembly is preferably characterized in that the at least one first web fixing device and / or the at least one second web fixing device is or are designed as a clamping device.

Preferably, the printing unit is alternatively or additionally characterized in that the at least one first web fixing device and the at least one second web fixing device along the transport path provided for printing material from a roll holding device and / or from a post-processing device at least twice, more preferably at least five times and even more preferably at least ten times as far away as from the closest application point of the printing unit.

The invention can preferably be used for different non-impact printing processes, in particular for ionographic processes, magnetographic processes, thermographic processes, electrophotography, laser printing and, in particular, inkjet printing processes or inkjet printing processes. In the foregoing and in the following, the designs and variants set out for "printing inks" - unless there is an obvious contradiction - are to be applied to any kind of flowable printing fluids, in particular also to colored or colorless varnishes, and to relief-forming materials such as pastes, and are only intended or actual - replacement of the expression "printing ink" by the generalizing expression "printing fluid" or a special expression "lacquer", "higher-viscosity printing ink", "low-viscosity printing ink" or "ink", or "paste" or "pasty material" transfer.

A preferred method for operating a printing press can be carried out in particular by means of the printing press. This involves a method for operating the printing machine, the printing machine having the at least one first printing unit and the at least one dryer unit, and the at least one drying unit having the at least one first dryer with at least the first energy output device. In a first shutdown process, the at least one first energy output device is preferably used, in particular by means of the at least one actuator, along an adjustment path in the adjustment direction from the active position by at least 5 mm, preferably by at least 50 mm and more preferably by at least 90 mm and independently of this, for example by a maximum of 400 mm moved to the retracted position and stopped there. The adjustment path extends over at least 75% of its total distance, preferably over at least 90% of its total distance and more preferably over its complete total distance continuously linear in and / or against the direction of adjustment. In other words, in the first shutdown process, the at least one energy output device is preferably moved out of the active position in the actuating direction along the at least 75% linear actuating path by at least 5 mm, preferably by at least 50 mm and more preferably by at least 90 mm, in particular by means of the at least one actuator independently of this, for example, moved by a maximum of 400 mm into the retracted position and stopped there. For the first shutdown process, it is preferred not to use the entire travel path, that is to say in particular not the entire path of the travel path, but rather less than 25%, more preferably less than 10%.

In a subsequent drawing-in process, at least one web-like printing material is preferably drawn in by means of at least one drawing-in means, in particular different from each printing material, along the transport path provided for the printing material through the area of action of the at least one energy output device. More preferably, in a first resetting process that takes place thereafter, the at least one first energy output device is moved back from the retracted position counter to the actuating direction along the same linear actuating path into the active position, in particular by means of the at least one actuating drive, and stopped there. As described, the actuating direction further deviates by at most 40 °, preferably at most 30 °, more preferably at most 15 ° and even more preferably at most 5 ° from the normal direction, this normal direction being the normal direction of the mean surface normal of the entire in the in particular entire area of action of the at least is a first energy output device lying section of the transport path provided for web-like printing material.

Preferably, between the first shutdown process and a second shutdown process, in at least one drying process in the area of action of the first energy output device, energy from the at least one first energy output device is applied to the previously drawn-in web-like printing material submitted. It is further preferred that the previously drawn-in web-like printing material has been provided at least partially with at least one printing fluid beforehand in the at least one printing unit.

In a second shutdown process that takes place later in particular, the at least one first energy output device is preferably used along the travel path extending linearly in and / or counter to the actuating direction S over at least 75%, more preferably at least 90% and even more preferably 100% of its total distance the in particular the same adjustment direction from the active position, in particular by means of the at least one actuator, is moved by at least 450 mm, more preferably by at least 600 mm and even more preferably by at least 700 mm into an access position different from the retracted position and stopped there. In a first maintenance process that takes place thereafter, at least one maintenance action is preferably carried out on the at least one first energy output device, for example an exchange of at least one current-carrying component and / or cleaning of a component. More preferably, in a second resetting process that takes place thereafter, the at least one first energy output device is moved back from the access position counter to the actuating direction along the same linear actuating path into the active position, in particular by means of the at least one actuating drive, and stopped there.

The method is preferably characterized in that the at least one drawing-in means is connected to the at least one printing substrate web in a connecting process by means of at least one connecting element. The at least one connecting element preferably passes a printing position of the at least one print head while it is parked from the intended transport path and / or is arranged in at least one rest position and / or the at least one connecting element passes at least one target area of at least one nozzle of the at least one print head during the pulling-in process and / or happens during the The drawing-in process is not a component of the at least one drawing-in means, a target area of a nozzle of the at least one print head. The at least one connecting element preferably passes an area of action of the at least one energy output device of the at least one first dryer, while the latter is in a parking position designed as a retracted position. Preferably, only at least one drawing-in means is used, which is arranged in the axial direction on only one side of the intended transport path for printing material and / or whose drawing-in path runs on only one side of the intended transport path for printing material.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are described in more detail below.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung eines Transportwegs für Bedruckstoff durch ein Druckaggregat und einen Trockner;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung einer Umlenkung einen Bedruckstoffs an einem Leitelement;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung einer Menge von Leitelementen, die durch einen gemeinsamen Tragrahmen gehalten sind;

Fig. 4

eine schematische Darstellung eines Teils eines Druckabschnitts;

Fig. 5a

eine schematische Darstellung eines Druckaggregats mit Leitelementen in einer Arbeitsposition und Druckköpfen in einer Druckposition;

Fig. 5b

eine schematische Darstellung des Druckaggregats gemäß Fig. 1a mit Leitelementen in einer Arbeitsposition und Druckköpfen in einer Abstellposition;

Fig. 5c

eine schematische Darstellung des Druckaggregats gemäß Fig. 1a mit Leitelementen in einer Wartungsposition und Druckköpfen in einer Druckposition;

Fig. 6a

eine schematische Darstellung einer Trocknereinheit einer Druckmaschine, wobei eine Energieabgabeeinrichtung in einer Einwirkposition angeordnet ist;

Fig. 6b

eine schematische Darstellung eine schematische Darstellung einer Trocknereinheit einer Druckmaschine, wobei eine Energieabgabeeinrichtung in einer als Zugangsposition ausgebildeten Abstellposition angeordnet ist und wobei ein Bedruckstoff oder zumindest dessen vorgesehener Transportweg eingezeichnet ist;

Fig. 6c

eine schematische Darstellung eine schematische Darstellung einer Trocknereinheit einer Druckmaschine, wobei eine Energieabgabeeinrichtung in einer als Einziehposition ausgebildeten Abstellposition angeordnet ist;

Fig. 7a

eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung einer Trocknereinheit einer Druckmaschine, wobei eine Energieabgabeeinrichtung in einer Einwirkposition angeordnet ist;

Fig. 7b

eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung einer Trocknereinheit einer Druckmaschine, wobei eine Energieabgabeeinrichtung in einer als Einziehposition ausgebildeten Abstellposition angeordnet ist.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of a transport path for printing material through a printing unit and a dryer;

Fig. 2

a schematic representation of a deflection of a printing material on a guide element;

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of a set of guide elements which are held by a common support frame;

Fig. 4

a schematic representation of part of a printing section;

Figure 5a

a schematic representation of a printing unit with guide elements in a working position and print heads in a printing position;

Figure 5b

a schematic representation of the printing unit according to FIG. 1a with Guide elements in a working position and print heads in a parking position;

Figure 5c

a schematic representation of the printing assembly according to FIG. 1a with guide elements in a maintenance position and print heads in a printing position;

Figure 6a

a schematic representation of a dryer unit of a printing machine, wherein an energy output device is arranged in an active position;

Figure 6b

a schematic representation a schematic representation of a dryer unit of a printing press, wherein an energy output device is arranged in a parking position designed as an access position and wherein a printing material or at least its intended transport path is shown;

Figure 6c

a schematic representation a schematic representation of a dryer unit of a printing press, wherein an energy output device is arranged in a parking position designed as a retraction position;

Figure 7a

a schematic perspective illustration of a dryer unit of a printing machine, wherein an energy output device is arranged in an active position;

Figure 7b

a schematic perspective illustration of a dryer unit of a printing machine, wherein an energy output device is arranged in a parking position designed as a retraction position.

In the foregoing and in the following, inks and printing inks, as well as varnishes and pasty materials, are summarized under the term of a printing fluid. Printing fluids are preferred materials that are produced by a printing machine 01 or at least one Printing assembly 200 of the printing press 01 are transferred and / or can be transferred to a printing substrate 02 and, preferably in a finely structured form and / or not just over a large area, establish a texture on the printing substrate 02 that is preferably visible and / or perceptible through sensory impressions and / or that can be detected by machine. Inks and printing inks are preferably solutions or dispersions of at least one colorant in at least one solvent. Examples of suitable solvents are water and / or organic solvents. Alternatively or additionally, the printing fluid can be designed as a printing fluid that cross-links under UV light. Inks are relatively low viscosity printing fluids and printing inks are relatively high viscosity printing fluids. Inks here preferably have no binder or relatively little binder, while printing inks preferably contain a relatively large amount of binder and more preferably further auxiliaries. Colorants can be pigments and / or dyes, pigments being insoluble in the application medium, while dyes are soluble in the application medium.

For the sake of simplicity, in the foregoing and in the following - if not explicitly differentiated and named accordingly - the term "printing ink" or "printing fluid" should be understood in the sense of a liquid or at least flowable coloring fluid to be printed in the printing machine, which is not just colloquial Rather with the term "printing ink" in connection with higher-viscosity coloring fluids for use in rotary printing machines, but in addition to these higher-viscosity coloring fluids in particular also low-viscosity coloring fluids such as "inks", especially inkjet inks, but also powdery coloring fluids such. B. toner, includes. In the foregoing and in the following, colorless lacquers are also particularly meant when printing fluids and / or inks and / or printing inks are discussed. In the foregoing and in the following, means for a pretreatment (so-called precoating) of the printing substrate 02 are preferably also meant when printing fluids and / or inks and / or printing inks are mentioned. As an alternative to the term “pressure fluid”, the term “coating agent” is to be understood synonymously.

A printing machine 01 is to be understood here as a machine which applies or is capable of applying at least one printing fluid to a printing material 02. A printing press 01 preferably has at least one printing material source, preferably at least one first printing assembly 200, preferably at least one first means supporting the drying, i. E. H. first drying aid 301, e.g. B. a first dryer 301, and preferably at least one post-processing device. The printing press 01 may have, for example, at least one second printing unit and, for example, at least one second means supporting the drying process, i. H. Drying aids, e.g. B. on a second dryer. The printing machine 01 is preferably designed as an inkjet printing machine 01. The printing machine 01 is preferably designed as a web printing machine 01, more preferably as a web inkjet printing machine 01. The printing machine 01 can be a printing machine operating according to the inkjet or inkjet process - as a whole or possibly in addition to other non-impact printing processes and / or printing form-based processes 01, in particular as an inkjet printing machine 01. The at least one first printing unit 200 is preferably embodied as at least one first inkjet printing unit 200. In particular, the printing assembly 200 is preferably a printing assembly 200 for processing printing material 02 in web form.

In the case of a web printing machine 01, the printing material source is designed as a roll unwinding device. At least one printing material 02 is preferably aligned in the printing material source, preferably at least with respect to one edge of this printing material 02 preferably aligned in an axial direction A with respect to their edges. The axial direction A is preferably a direction A which extends parallel to an axis of rotation of a printing material roller in a transverse direction A. The transverse direction A is preferably one horizontally running direction A. The transverse direction A is oriented orthogonally to the intended transport direction of the printing material 02 and / or orthogonally to the intended transport path of the printing material 02 through the at least one first printing assembly 200. A transport path for the at least one printing material 02 and in particular the printing material web 02 runs following the at least one printing material source, preferably through the at least one first printing unit 200, where the printing material 02 and in particular the printing material web 02 is provided with a print image on one side, preferably by means of at least one printing ink.

In the case of a curved transport path, the transport direction is preferably that direction which runs tangentially to a section and / or point of the intended transport path closest to a respective reference point. This respective reference point is preferably at the point and / or on the component that is related to the transport direction.

The invention is described below using an inkjet printing machine 01. However, the invention can also be used for other non-impact printing processes or completely different printing processes such as, for example, rotary printing, offset printing, planographic printing, letterpress printing, screen printing or gravure printing, provided that there are no contradictions therefrom.

The roll unwinding device preferably has, along the intended transport path of the printing substrate web 02 after a roll holding device, a dancer roller, preferably arranged such that it can be deflected on a dancer lever, and / or a first web edge aligner and / or a feed nip formed by a tension roller and a tension presser and a first measuring roller, in particular a feed measuring roller trained first measuring device having intake mechanism. This pull roller preferably has its own drive motor, designed as a pull drive motor, which is preferably connected to a machine control. By means of the dancer roller is a The web tension is adjustable and can be maintained within limits and / or the web tension is preferably kept within limits. If necessary, the roll unwinding device has a gluing and cutting device by means of which a roll change can take place on the fly, ie without the printing substrate web 02 coming to a standstill. The infeed mechanism is preferably arranged downstream of the first web edge aligner. The at least one draw roller, with which the draw press is preferably arranged together to form the draw-in gap, is preferably arranged as a component of the draw-in mechanism. The feed nip is used to regulate a web tension and / or to transport the printing material 02.

A printing assembly 200 is to be understood as a device by means of which a web-shaped or sheet-shaped printing material 02 is or can be provided with at least one printing fluid on at least one of its sides. The at least one first printing assembly 200 of printing press 01 preferably has at least one printing point 201. A printing point 201 is to be understood as a preferably complete area in which contact between a respective same printing fluid and a printing substrate 02 is made or can be made. The term printing point 201 should also be used when the printing fluid is applied to printing material 02 without pressure between printing material 02 on the one hand and a component that transfers the printing fluid on the other hand, for example by the impact of freely movable printing fluid on printing material 02, for example flying drops of the pressure fluid. A printing point 201 preferably comprises all areas that are provided for a specific printing fluid, in particular associated with this printing point 201, to impinge on the printing substrate 02. In the case of a printing assembly 200 operating according to the inkjet printing method, for example, a printing point 201 includes all areas that are provided for a black ink to strike a first side of the printing material 02.

The at least one first printing assembly 200 preferably has several printing points 201 to each of which a respective pressure fluid is assigned, for example at least four pressure points 201, preferably at least five pressure points 201, more preferably at least six pressure points 201 and even more preferably at least seven pressure points 201.

A working width of the printing machine 01 and / or of the at least one printing unit 200 is a dimension that extends preferably orthogonally to the intended transport path of the printing material 02 through the at least one first printing unit 200, more preferably in the transverse direction A. The transverse direction A is preferably one horizontally running direction A. The transverse direction A is oriented orthogonally to the intended transport direction of the printing material 02 and / or orthogonally to the intended transport path of the printing material 02 through the at least one printing assembly 200. The working width of the printing machine 01 preferably corresponds to a maximum width that a printing material 02 may have in order to still be able to be processed with the printing machine 01, that is to say a maximum printing material width that can be processed with the printing machine 01. The working width of the printing machine 01 preferably corresponds to the working width of the at least one first printing assembly 200.

Each printing point 201 preferably has at least one application point 211. Each application point 211 is preferably assigned to at least one image-generating device 221, in particular at least one print head 221 and more preferably at least one print head row 222. Each application point 211 preferably extends in the transverse direction A, more preferably over the entire working width of the printing machine 01. In the case of an inkjet printing machine 01, the at least one image-generating device 221 is preferably designed as at least one print head 221, in particular an inkjet print head 221. The at least one printing assembly 200 preferably has at least two print heads 221. For example, the at least one printing assembly 200 is characterized in that the at least two print heads 221 are designed as print heads 221 designed for a non-impact printing method and more preferably in that the at least two print heads 221 are designed as inkjet print heads 221. Image-generating devices 221 such as print heads 221 usually have limited dimensions, in particular in the transverse direction A. This results in a limited area of the printing material 02 to which printing fluid can be applied by a respective print head 221. Therefore, a plurality of image-forming devices 221 or print heads 221 are usually arranged one behind the other in the transverse direction A. Such print heads 221 arranged one behind the other with respect to the transverse direction A are referred to as print head row 222. Interrupted print head rows 222 and continuous print head rows 222 are described below. In the special case of a print head 221 extending over the entire working width, this should also count as a print head row 222, in particular as a continuous print head row 222.

Typically, such individual print heads 221 are not provided with nozzles up to one edge of their housing. For this reason, preferably at least two and more preferably exactly two print head rows 222 extending in the transverse direction A are arranged offset from one another along the transport path provided for the printing material 02. Such printhead rows 221 are, for example, interrupted printhead rows 222. In each case two such particularly interrupted printhead rows 222 together form a double row 223 of printheads 221 a first printing unit 200 can be reached by nozzles of the print heads. A plurality of print head rows 222, more preferably at least four double rows 223 and even more preferably at least eight double rows 223 of print heads 221 are preferably arranged one after the other in a direction orthogonal to transverse direction A, in particular in the transport direction along the intended transport path of printing material 02.

Each nozzle is preferably assigned a clearly defined target area in relation to the direction A of the width of the printing substrate web 02 and preferably in relation to the transverse direction A. Each target area of a nozzle is preferably clearly defined at least in the printing operation. In particular, a target area of a nozzle is that, in particular, essentially rectilinear spatial area which extends from this nozzle in an ejection direction of this nozzle. An impact area is preferably an area that is provided for contact of printing fluid with printing substrate 02, in particular for drops of printing fluid with printing substrate 02. Each nozzle of each printhead 221 is preferably assigned an impact area, in particular in a direct inkjet printing process. An impact area of a print head 221 is preferably a sum of all impact areas of nozzles of this print head 221. An application point 211 is preferably a sum of impact areas of, in particular, functionally combined print heads 221, which together span the entire working width of the printing machine 01. In the case of pairs of interrupted print head rows 222 designed as double rows 223, an application point 211 is preferably a sum of the impact areas of the print heads 221 which together form the double row.

A printing assembly 200 comprises, for example, only one printing point 201, for example for the color black. However, as described, the at least one first printing assembly 200 preferably has a plurality of printing points 201. The pressure points 201 can spatially directly adjoin one another or else be spaced apart from one another, for example separated according to color. The term “pressure point 201” should also include a section which - z. B. without interruption by a different color - has several successive application sites 211 of the same color. In the case of only one printing point 201, this simultaneously represents the first and the last printing point 201 of the relevant printing assembly 200.

For example, in the case of an indirect ink jet printing process, there is a print point a contact area between a transfer body and the printing material 02.

The at least one printing assembly 200 preferably has at least one printhead 221, which is more preferably designed as at least one inkjet printhead 221. Each print head 221 preferably has a plurality of nozzles from which drops of printing fluid, in particular ink drops, are ejected and / or can be ejected. The at least one printing unit 200 preferably has at least one nozzle bar 231. A nozzle bar 231 is a component that preferably extends over at least 80% and more preferably at least 100% of the working width of the printing machine 01 and / or preferably serves as a support for the at least one print head 221. For example, a single nozzle bar 231 or, preferably, a plurality of nozzle bars 231 are arranged per printing assembly 200. More preferably, the at least one printing unit 200 has at least three nozzle bars 231, even more preferably at least five nozzle bars 231 and even more preferably at least fourteen (14) nozzle bars 231. The at least one first nozzle bar 231 preferably extends orthogonally to the intended transport path for printing substrate 02 Over the entire working width of the printing machine 01, in particular in the transverse direction A.

The at least one nozzle bar 231 preferably has at least one print head 221 each and preferably a plurality of print heads 221 each. In the case in which the at least one nozzle bar 231 has only one print head 221 each, this print head 221 preferably extends over the entire working width of the printing machine 01 These print heads 221 are preferably designed as at least one print head row 221 or more preferably as at least one double row 223 of print heads 221 and the at least one print head row 222 or double row 223 of print heads 221 preferably extends over an entire working width of printing machine 01 Print heads 221 is the at least one row of nozzles of the respective nozzle bar 231, preferably interrupted to at least two Print head rows 222 divided.

The at least one nozzle bar 213 preferably has a plurality of rows of nozzles in a conveying direction of a printing substrate guide 249. This conveying direction of the printing material guide 249 is preferably identical to the conveying direction of the transport path provided for the transport of printing material 02. Each print head 221 preferably has a plurality of nozzles, which are further preferably arranged in a matrix of several rows in the transverse direction A and / or several columns, preferably in the conveying direction of the printing material guide 249, such columns, for example, being arranged at an angle to the conveying direction of the printing material guide 249 are, for example, to increase a resolution of a print image.

The at least one print head 221 works to generate printing ink droplets, preferably according to the drop-on-demand method, in which printing ink droplets are specifically generated when required. At least one heating element is preferably used per nozzle, which generates an evaporation of pressurized fluid within a reservoir. Alternatively, at least one piezo element is used per nozzle, which when a voltage is applied can reduce a volume filled with printing ink by a certain proportion at high speed.

A conveying line, in particular a conveying line for printing substrate 02, preferably comprises those devices 241; 251; 252; 253; 254; 256; 257; 303; 306; 343; 344, which define a transport path for the printing material 02, for example rollers, cylinders, guide elements and the like. A conveying path of the at least one first printing unit 200, which extends from a first printing point 201 of the at least one first printing unit 200 along the transport path provided for the printing material 02 to a last printing point 201 of the at least one first printing unit 200 along the transport path provided for the printing material 02 extends, is used as a printing path 224 of the at least one first printing assembly 200 designated. The intended transport path is that spatial area which printing material 02 would possibly occupy if it were present. The conveying path of the at least one first printing assembly 200 preferably comprises those devices 241; 251; 252; 254; 256, which define the transport route through the at least one first printing assembly 200, in particular both the intended transport route regardless of the presence of printing substrate 02 and the actual transport route when printing substrate 02 is present referred to as the printing section 226 of the intended transport path.

The at least one printing assembly 200 preferably has a plurality of support points 261 along the printing section 226 of the transport path provided for printing substrate 02. Support points 261 are preferably characterized in that, at support points 261, the intended transport path is influenced, for example changed, with regard to its transport direction. These support points 261 are preferably defined by respective guide elements 241. The guide elements 241 are preferably part of the printing substrate guide 249. Guide elements 241 are preferably those devices which limit and deflect the transport path provided for the printing substrate 02 and, in particular, if the printing substrate 02 is present, are preferably at least partially in contact with the printing substrate 02. As guide elements 241, co-rotating and / or positively driven rollers and / or rollers and / or belt conveyor devices come into question, but the guide elements 241 are preferably designed as one-part or multi-part stationary guide elements 241. A deflection angle 227 of a guide element 241 is preferably an angle between a first local transport direction T1 and a second local transport direction T2, the first local transport direction T1 being a direction T1 of the transport path provided for the printing substrate 02 in an area in which the provided transport path opens the guide element 241 runs up or is intended to run up, and the second local transport direction T2 is a direction T2 of the transport path provided for the printing material 02 in a region is, in which the intended transport path leaves the guide element 241 or is intended to leave. (This is also shown schematically in Fig. 2 The guide elements 241 are, in particular, components of the conveyor line. At least the guide elements 241 arranged in the area of the printing section 226 of the transport path provided for printing substrate 02 are, in particular, components of the printing path 224.

As an alternative or in addition, the printing assembly 200 is preferably characterized in that the guide elements 241 which define this transport path in the region of the printing section are fixed guide elements 241 with respect to movements in the axial direction A. The at least two guide elements 241 defining the intended transport path preferably each have a guide surface uninterrupted in the axial direction A over at least 25%, preferably at least 50%, more preferably at least 80% and even more preferably at least 100% of the working width of the printing assembly 200. The at least one guide element 241 preferably extends in the transverse direction A over the entire working width of the printing press 01. A cross section of the at least one guide element 241 is preferably an intersection of the at least one guide element with a plane whose surface normal is oriented parallel to the transverse direction A. The entire cross section of the at least one guide element 241 is preferably the same as viewed over the working width of the printing press 01, in particular regardless of the position of the cross section within the working area of the at least one first printing assembly 200 and / or independent of the position of the cross section with respect to the transverse direction A.

Relatively flat guide elements 241 are conceivable, for example in the form of slightly curved metal sheets. However, the guide elements preferably have a surface 228 that is essentially in the form of a cylinder jacket. The cross section of the at least one guide element 241 preferably has at least one curved outer boundary, in particular with a finite radius of curvature that differs from zero. This radius of curvature and thus the radius of the guide elements 241 is preferably greater than 5 mm, more preferably greater than 10 mm and even more preferably greater than 13 mm. This radius of curvature and thus the radius of the guide elements 241 is preferably less than 50 mm, more preferably less than 30 mm and even more preferably less than 18 mm. This curved outer boundary is preferably located at least in a region of the cross section which faces the transport region provided for the printing material 02. The curvature is particularly convex. More preferably, the entire outer boundary of this cross section is curved. Even more preferably, the delimitation of this cross section is essentially circular.

The at least one guide element 241 preferably has a cylinder jacket-shaped outer surface 228 at least in the area of the working width of the printing machine 01 and / or the at least one first printing assembly 200, more preferably over an entire extension of the working width of the printing machine 01 and even more preferably over the entire extension of the at least one guide element in the transverse direction A. Several of the guide elements 241 are preferably constructed identically, more preferably all of the guide elements 241 within the printing path 224 of the at least one first printing unit 200. Preferably, several such guide elements 241 are arranged one after the other with respect to the transport path provided for the printing substrate 02 , in particular at least three, more preferably at least five and even more preferably at least fourteen, for example twenty-eight. The printing path 224 preferably has a plurality of such guide elements 241 arranged one after the other. The relative arrangement of the guide elements 241 of the printing path 224 to one another defines a respective deflection angle 227 for each guide element 241. The deflection angles of the guide elements 241 of the printing path 224 are essentially the same and differ from those of the other guide elements 241 of the printing path 224 at most in the area of a first and / or a last guide element 241 of the printing path 224.

If guide elements 241 are mentioned in the preceding and / or in the following, at least and further preferred exclusively those guide elements are preferred 241 of the printing path 224 is meant. The deflection angle 227 of the at least one guide element 241 and more preferably several and even more preferably all guide elements 241 is at least 0.5 ° (zero point five degrees), more preferably at least 1 ° (one degree) and even more preferably at least 1.5 ° (one point five degrees). The deflection angle 227 of the at least one guide element 241 and more preferably several and even more preferably all guide elements 241 is preferably at most 10 ° (ten degrees), more preferably at most 5 ° (five degrees) and even more preferably at most 2.5 ° (two point five degrees). The guide elements 241 of the printing path 224 are preferably arranged along the printing path 224 in the form of an arc, in particular a circular arc.

At least one support element 273; 274 arranged. The at least one support element 273; 274 preferably serves as a support device for the at least one guide element 241, more preferably for several guide elements 241 of the printing path 224 and even more preferably for all of the guide elements 241 of the printing path 224. The at least one support element 273; 274 is preferably designed as at least one support frame 276 or as part of at least one support frame 276, which has, for example, at least two lateral support elements 273, to which more preferably a plurality of guide elements 241, in particular, are attached directly and / or via holding devices. In particular, the at least two lateral support elements 273 are preferably designed as part of at least one support frame 276 and the at least one support frame 276 has at least one cross member 277 different from the guide elements 241, which extends at least in the transverse direction A and for a constant relative position of the lateral ones Support elements 273 ensures. For example, the at least one support frame 276 has at least two cross members 277 different from the guide elements 241, which extend at least in the transverse direction A and ensure a constant relative position of the lateral support elements 273. A constant relative position here preferably means an exclusion of any Relative movement.

In principle, this function can be taken over by the guide elements 241 themselves, in which case it must be ensured that when all guide elements 241 are released from the support elements 273; 274 the lateral support elements 273 are no longer fixed to one another. For reasons of stability, it is preferred to arrange at least one cross member 277. The at least one lateral support element 273 preferably has at least one support area for each guide element 241, on which the respective guide element 241 rests on the lateral support element 273 or is at least in contact with the lateral support element 273. At least one inner support element 274 is preferably arranged. The at least one inner guide element 241 is, for example, part of the at least one support frame 276. The at least one inner support element 274 preferably serves at least to protect one or more or preferably all guide elements 241 from unwanted or at least unwanted high deflection.

A print head row 222 is preferably assigned to each guide element 241. Alternatively, several print head rows 222 could also be assigned to each guide element 241, for example if the guide elements 241 were not designed as rods but as flat guide elements. A guide element 241 is preferably assigned to each print head row 222. A shortest distance between a respective nozzle of a respective print head 221 arranged in its printing position on the one hand and the transport path provided for the printing material 02 or the closest guide element 241 arranged in its working position on the other hand is preferably at least 0.1 mm, more preferably at least 0.5 mm and even more preferably at least 1.0 mm and preferably at most 5 mm, more preferably at most 3.0 mm and even more preferably at most 2.0 mm. A shortest distance between a respective nozzle of a respective print head 221 arranged in its printing position on the one hand and the printing substrate 02 on the other hand is preferably at least 0.1 mm, more preferably at least 0.5 mm and even more preferably at least 1.0 mm and preferred at most 5 mm, more preferably at most 3.0 mm and even more preferably at most 2.0 mm. These distances are related to one another via the thickness of the printing substrate 02.

At least one shielding device 292 is preferably arranged. The at least one shielding device 292 preferably serves to protect parts of the print heads, for example their supply devices for electronics and / or for printing fluid and / or their holders and / or parts of the nozzle bars 231, on the one hand, against the transport path provided for the printing material 02 and in particular its printing section 226 and / or to shield against an area having the nozzles of the print heads 221.

At least rotatable first web guiding means 251 is preferably arranged in front of first guiding element 241 of printing path 224 with respect to the transport path provided for printing material 02. This at least one first rotatable web guide means 251 is preferably designed as a first motor-driven web guide means 251 and / or a first web guide roller 251, in particular a first motor-driven web guide roller 251. For example, the at least one first web guide roller 251 has its own drive motor and / or is the at least one first web guide roller 251 part of at least one system for regulating a web tension of a web-shaped printing material 02. Preferably, at least one rotatable second web guide means 254 is arranged after the last guide element 241 of the printing path 224 with respect to the transport path provided for the printing material 02. This at least one second rotatable web guide means 254 is preferably designed as a second motor-driven web guide means 254 and / or a second web guide roller 254, in particular a second motor-driven web guide roller 254. For example, the at least one second web guide roller 254 has its own drive motor and / or is the at least one second web guide roller 254 part of the at least one system for regulating the web tension of the web-like printing material 02. The web guide means 251; 253; 254; 257 and / or web guide rollers 251; 252; 253; 254; 256; 257 are preferably part of the printing material guide 249.

The printing section 226 of the transport path provided for the printing material 02 preferably increases monotonically. A first guide element 241 of printing path 224 is preferably the lowest of all guide elements 241 of printing path 224. A last guide element 241 of printing path 224 is preferably the highest guide element 241 of printing path 224.

The at least one printing assembly 200 preferably has at least one and more preferably precisely one pivoting device 279. The at least one pivoting device 279 is preferably assigned to at least one, more preferably several and even more preferably all guide elements 241 of the printing path 224. In particular by means of the at least one swivel device 279, preferably a plurality of guide elements 241 and more preferably all guide elements 241 of the printing path 224 about at least one common swivel axis 281; 282 arranged to be pivotable, in particular along a respective individual and / or respectively differently long pivoting path. This is at least one common pivot axis 281; 282 preferably at least one pivot axis 281; 282 of the pivoting device 279 of the at least one printing assembly 200. For example, at least one support element 273; 274, in particular at least one lateral support element 273 and / or at least one inner support element 274 together with the guide elements 241 and / or at least one support frame 276 around the at least one common pivot axis 281; 282 arranged pivotably, in particular along a respective pivot path. The at least one support frame 276 is preferably about the at least one common pivot axis 281; 282 arranged to be pivotable.

Each around the at least one common pivot axis 281; 282 pivotable guide element 241 is preferably assigned a working position and a maintenance position. The working position of each guide element 241 is preferably characterized in that the guiding element 241 is in its working position in a printing operation and / or that the guiding element 241 arranged in its working position is at a minimum distance of at most 5 mm, more preferably at most 3.0 mm, from a print head 221 closest to this guiding element and arranged in its printing position even more preferably has a maximum of 2.0 mm and / or that the guide element 241 arranged in its working position is affected by the transport path provided for the printing material 02 in the printing operation. The maintenance position of each guide element 241 is preferably characterized in that the guide element 241 is in a maintenance state of the at least one first printing assembly 200 in its maintenance position and / or that the guide element 241 arranged in its maintenance position is located in its printing position from a guide element closest to this guide element Print head 221 has a smallest distance of at least 5 cm, more preferably at least 10 cm and even more preferably at least 20 cm. and / or that the guide element 241 arranged in its maintenance position is at a distance from the transport path provided for the printing material 02 in the printing operation.

In a first embodiment of the swivel device 279, the swivel device 279 has exactly one common swivel axis 281. In this first embodiment of the pivoting device 279, the at least one support element 273; 274 and in particular the at least one support frame 276 pivotable about a single common pivot axis 281, in particular relative to a frame 283 of the at least one first printing unit 200. In a second embodiment of the pivot device 279, the pivot device 279 has at least two and preferably exactly two common pivot axes 281; 282 and at least one intermediate member 284. The at least one intermediate member 284 is preferably pivotable about a first common pivot axis 281 relative to the frame 283 of the at least one first printing assembly 200.

The at least one pivoting device 279 preferably has at least one in particular common swivel drive 286. The at least one pivot drive 286 has at least one linear drive 286, for example. The at least one pivot drive 286, in particular linear drive 286, preferably engages with at least one first connecting element on the frame 283, for example directly or with the interposition of at least one further component. The at least one pivot drive 286, in particular linear drive 286, preferably engages with at least one second connecting element on at least one support element 273; 274 and / or at least one cross member 277 and / or the support frame 276.

A main conveying direction B is preferably defined by a straight connection between a first guide element 241 of the printing path 224 related to the transport path provided for printing material 02 and a last guide element 241 of the printing path 224 related to the transport path provided for printing material 02. The main conveying direction B is preferably defined by a straight connection between a first guide element 241 related to the printing section 226 of the transport path provided for printing material 02 and a last guide element 241 related to the printing section 226 of the transport path provided for printing material 02. The main conveying direction B points from the first guide element 241 of the printing path 224, based on the transport path provided for printing substrate 02, to the last guide element 241 of the printing path 224, based on the transport path provided for printing substrate 02.

The orientation of the main conveying direction B with the guide elements 241 arranged in their working position and / or with the support frame 276 arranged in its working position preferably has an angle of at least 10 °, more preferably at least 20 ° and even more preferably at least 30 ° to the orientation of the main conveying direction B. guide elements 241 arranged in their maintenance position and / or with the support frame 276 arranged in its maintenance position.

The main conveying direction B preferably has at least one vertically upward component and at least one horizontal component when the guide elements 241 are arranged in their working position and / or the support frame 276 is arranged in its working position. The main conveying direction B is preferably oriented at an angle of at least 10 °, more preferably at least 20 ° and even more preferably at least 30 ° to a horizontal plane when the guide elements 241 are arranged in their working position and / or the support frame 276 is arranged in its working position. The main conveying direction B is preferably oriented at an angle of at most 70 °, more preferably at most 55 ° and even more preferably at most 40 ° to a horizontal plane with guide elements 241 arranged in their working position and / or supporting frame 276 arranged in its working position. In an alternative embodiment, the main conveying direction B would run essentially horizontally, that is to say at an angle of at most 5 ° to a horizontal plane.

With guide elements 241 arranged in their maintenance position and / or with support frame 276 arranged in its maintenance position, the main conveying direction B preferably has at least one vertically upward component and more preferably only one vertically upward component. With the guide elements 241 arranged in their maintenance position and / or with the support frame 276 arranged in its maintenance position, the main conveying direction B is preferably arranged at an angle of at most 30 °, more preferably at most 20 ° and even more preferably at most 10 ° to a vertical direction.

The joint pivotability of the guide elements 241 of the printing path 224 and / or the pivotability of the at least one support frame 276 preferably results in a possibility of increasing the distance between the nozzles of the print heads and / or the at least one shielding device 292 on the one hand and the guide elements 241 of the printing path 224 on the other hand. Through the common The pivotability of the guide elements 241 of the printing path 224 and / or the pivotability of the at least one support frame 276 thus results in a maintenance space 291 between the nozzles of the print heads 221 and / or the at least one shielding device 292 on the one hand and the guide elements 241 on the other. This maintenance space 291 is accessible to operating personnel, for example. This maintenance room 291 enables, for example, maintenance and / or cleaning of the guide elements 241 of the printing path 224 and / or the at least one shielding device 292, in particular independently of the working width of the printing machine 01. For example, in the maintenance room 291 there is at least one preferably movable standing aid 293, in particular a standing surface 293 arranged.

In a regular printing operation, all print heads 221 are arranged in a stationary manner. This ensures that all nozzles are permanently aligned and / or correctly aligned. Different situations are conceivable in which a movement of the print heads 221 is necessary. A first such situation is a flying roll change or printing material change or generally a roll change with gluing process or a printing material change with gluing process. At least the print heads 221 and preferably the at least one nozzle bar 231 as a whole can therefore be moved in at least one direction relative to the guide plane of the first printing material guide 249, in particular can be turned off from this, more preferably orthogonally to a surface of the transport path provided for printing material 02 that is closest to the print head 221. At least one cleaning device, in particular at least one nozzle cleaning device, is preferably arranged which has at least one washing nozzle and / or at least one brush and / or at least one puller and / or at least one cleaning fleece. The print heads 221 are preferably arranged so far from the guide elements 241 of the printing path 224, which are in particular arranged in their working position, that the at least one cleaning device, in particular nozzle cleaning device, fits into a resulting cleaning gap 289. This is preferably at least one cleaning device in the transverse direction A. movably arranged and further preferably has a dimension in the transverse direction A which is smaller than the working width of the printing machine. In the case in which the print heads 221 assigned to it are arranged in their printing position, the at least one cleaning device is preferably arranged with respect to the transverse direction A outside the working width of the printing machine. Each print head row 222 or each double row 223 of print heads 221 is preferably assigned its own cleaning device.

At least one first dryer 301 is preferably arranged along the transport path provided for printing substrate 02 after the at least one first printing unit 200, which has an area of the transport path provided for printing substrate 02, which is designed as a drying section and which is defined by an area of action of the at least one dryer 301. After the at least one first printing assembly 200 has passed, the transport path of the printing substrate 02 and in particular the printing substrate web 02 preferably runs through the at least one first dryer 301 in order to dry the applied printing fluid. The at least one first dryer 301 is preferably part of the at least one dryer unit 300.

The at least one dryer unit 300 has at least one first dryer 301, which is preferably designed as at least one radiation dryer 301 and / or as at least one flow dryer 301. It is also possible to arrange several dryers 301 arranged one behind the other, for example along the intended transport path. Such multiple dryers 301 are arranged one above the other in the at least one dryer unit 300, for example in the case of a substantially vertical transport path provided. The at least one first dryer 301 has at least one first preferably controllable and / or regulatable energy output device 302; 317 on. The at least one first energy output device 302; 317 is designed, for example, as at least one radiation source 302 and / or at least one air supply line 317. The at least one radiation source 302 is, for example, an infrared radiation source 302 and / or designed as a radiation source 302 for ultraviolet light. The at least one radiation source 302 is preferably at least one controllable and / or regulatable radiation source 302. The at least one first energy output device 302; 317 is preferred for the targeted transmission of energy, in particular from the at least one first energy output device 302; 317 to one in an area of action of the first energy output device 302; 317 arranged and / or arrangeable, preferably provided with printing fluid printing substrate 02 is formed. The at least one first energy output device 302; 317 is arranged to be movable, in particular relative to the transport path provided for the transport of web-like printing material 02. The area of action of the at least one first energy output device 302 preferably intersects; 317 the transport path provided for the transport of printing material 02 in web form.

The at least one first energy output device 302; 317 is movably arranged along an adjusting path between at least one active position and at least one parking position and more preferably two parking positions that are different in particular with respect to an adjusting direction S. The adjustment path extends over at least 75% of its total distance, preferably over at least 90% of its total distance and more preferably over its entire total distance continuously linear in and / or against the adjustment direction S. The total distance is the maximum distance that the adjustment path between two points can be. The at least one first energy output device 302; 317 is thus arranged movably along an at least 75%, preferably at least 90% and more preferably completely linear adjustment path in and / or against the adjustment direction S between at least one active position and at least one parking position or preferably two different parking positions. The adjusting direction S deviates from at least one horizontal direction by at most 40 °, preferably at most 30 °, more preferably at most 15 ° and even more preferably at most 5 °. The adjusting direction S further deviates by at most 40 °, preferably at most 30 °, more preferably at most 15 ° and even more preferably at most 5 ° from a normal direction N. This normal direction N is preferably a normal direction N of a mean surface normal of an entire, in particular, entire area of action of the at least one first energy output device 302; 317 lying section of the transport path provided for web-like printing material 02. The normal direction N of the mean surface normal is in particular determined as a mean value over all directions of surface normals of tangent planes to all in the area of action of the at least one first energy output device 302; 317 lying surface elements of the transport path provided for the printing material 02. If the printing material 02, as is preferred, essentially vertically through the area of action of the at least one energy output device 302; 317, the normal direction N and / or the actuating direction S is thus preferably oriented essentially horizontally.

The printing machine 01 is preferably characterized in that at least one and preferably exactly one along at least one and preferably exactly one at least temporarily and preferably permanently at least within the at least one dryer unit 300 and more preferably also within the at least one printing assembly 200 and even more preferably in a further area of the printing machine 01 a draw-in path movable, preferably endless draw-in means for drawing in a printing substrate web 02 is arranged and / or can be arranged. An arrangement within the dryer unit 300 is to be understood in particular to mean that a projection of the at least one drawing-in means in or against the axial direction A or transverse direction A covers the area of action of the at least one energy output device 302; 317 cuts.

At least two parking positions of the at least one first energy output device 302; 317 are provided, in which the at least one first energy output device 302; 317 can be specifically arranged depending on the operating mode. The at least two parking positions provided are preferably in addition to the at least one active position intended. For example, one of the parking positions is a retracted position and / or one of the parking positions is an access position. The drawing-in position should preferably be assumed when a printing material 02 is to be drawn in through the at least one dryer unit 300. The access position should preferably be assumed when an operator has access to a side of the at least one energy output device 302; 317 should receive.

For example, a shortest distance between the at least one first energy output device 302; 317 and the transport path provided for the printing substrate 02 when the first energy output device 302; 317 larger than when the first energy output device 302 is arranged in the retracted position; 317. In particular, a shortest distance between the at least one first energy output device 302; 317 and the transport path provided for the printing material 02 when the first energy output device 302; 317 larger than when the first energy output device 302; 317, preferably by at least 5 mm, more preferably by at least 50 mm and even more preferably by at least 90 mm and independently of this, for example by at most 400 mm. A shortest distance between the at least one first energy output device 302; 317 and the transport path provided for the printing substrate 02 when the first energy output device 302; 317 larger than when the first energy output device 302; 317, preferably by at least 450 mm, more preferably by at least 600 mm and even more preferably by at least 700 mm.

The at least one first energy output device 302; 317 at least one measuring roller 343 and / or at least one first deflecting roller 347 arranged, which is preferably wrapped by the transport path provided for the printing substrate 02 and / or the printing substrate 02. The at least one first energy output device 302; 317 at least one first pull roller 344 is arranged, which is assigned at least one drive motor of its own and which is preferably wrapped by the transport path provided for the printing substrate 02 and / or the printing substrate 02 and / or is along the transport path provided for the printing substrate 02 after the area of action of the at least one first energy output device 302; 317 and / or after the at least one measuring roller 343 and / or after the at least one first deflection roller 347 at least one second pull roller 303, which is preferably wrapped by the transport path provided for the printing substrate 02 and / or the printing substrate 02. The at least one second draw roller 303 and / or the at least one measuring roller 343 and / or the at least one first deflecting roller 347 is preferably designed as at least one cooling roller 303.

Preferably, several, for example at least three, more preferably at least five and even more preferably at least nine pressure rollers 306 are each arranged individually pressed against the at least one second pull roller 303. For example, each of these pressure rollers 306 is arranged on its own lever arm, which is arranged pivotably by means of its own force element. All such lever arms are preferably arranged to be pivotable about a common axis. At least one second deflection roller 348 is preferably arranged along the transport path provided for the printing substrate 02 after the at least one pull roller 303, which is preferably wrapped by the transport path provided for the printing substrate 02 and / or the printing substrate 02. For example, the at least one second deflection roller 348 is identical to the at least one web guide roller 257.

At least one actuator is preferably arranged, by means of which a movement of the at least one energy output device 302; 317 can be carried out along the travel path. The at least one actuator is designed, for example, as at least one hydraulic and / or as at least one pneumatic drive. The at least one actuating drive is preferably designed as at least one electric drive and / or more preferably has at least one threaded spindle and at least one threaded nut interacting therewith.

The printing press 01 having the at least one first printing unit 200 is preferably characterized in that the at least one dryer unit 300 with the at least one first dryer 301 is arranged along the transport path provided for printing substrate 02 after the at least one first printing unit 200, the one in particular as a Has a drying section formed area of the transport path provided for printing substrate 02, which is defined by the area of action of the at least one first dryer 301. Preferably, in at least half and more preferably at least 75% of the entire drying section of the transport path provided for printing substrate 02, a transport direction intended for printing substrate 02 has at least one vertical, preferably downward-pointing component that is larger than any horizontal component that may be present this transport direction.

The axial direction A or transverse direction A is preferably defined by an axis of rotation of the at least one first draw roller 344 and / or a rotation axis of the at least one second draw roller 303, in particular as a direction parallel to this axis of rotation. The adjusting direction S of the at least one energy output device 302; 317 is preferably linear. The adjusting direction S of the at least one energy output device 302; 317 deviates from the axial direction A or transverse direction A by at least 50 °, preferably at least 60 °, more preferably at least 75 ° and even more preferably at least 85 °. The actuating direction S preferably deviates from the at least one energy output device 302; 317 in particular simultaneously from at least one horizontal direction by at most 40 °, preferably at most 30 °, more preferably at most 15 ° and even more preferably at most 5 °.

By the at least one energy output device 302; 317 emitted radiation is preferably removed solvent and / or moisture from the printing substrate web 02 and / or from the printing fluid arranged thereon and absorbed by the ambient air in an interior of the at least one first dryer 301. The transport path of the printing substrate web 02 runs through this interior space of the at least one first dryer 301. At least one ventilation device is preferred in the area of the at least one energy output device 302; 317 arranged.

The ventilation device preferably has at least one air supply line 317 and at least one air discharge line 318. The at least one first dryer 301 is thus also designed as a flow dryer 301 in addition to its design as a radiation dryer 301. The at least one air supply line 317 is preferably arranged along the transport path provided for printing substrate 02 between at least two air discharge lines 318. For example, the at least one air supply line 317 has tubular sections and / or the at least one air supply line 317 ends in a funnel-shaped end region which has a significantly larger cross-sectional area than other sections of the at least one air supply line 317. For example, the at least one air discharge line 318 has tubular sections and / or the at least one air discharge line 318 begins in a funnel-shaped starting area which has a significantly larger cross-sectional area than other sections of the at least one air discharge line 318.

The at least one air supply line 317 is preferably at least one energy output device 317 and at least one radiation source 302 is also at least one energy output device 302. In this case, the at least one dryer 301 then has at least two energy output devices 302; 317 on. Preferred the at least one air supply line 317 and / or the at least one air discharge line 318 each have at least one flexible area with which they are connected to a stationary air transport device. Preferably, one of the at least one energy output device 302; At least one radiation shield 346 and / or at least one reflector 346 is arranged on the side facing away from the side of the transport path provided for the printing material 02 on 317. At least one heat exchanger is preferably arranged, by means of which air which flows through the at least one air discharge line 318 can give off energy to the air which flows through the at least one air supply line 317.

At least one shut-off device 349 is preferably arranged, by means of which a safety area can be separated and / or separated from an environment. The safety area is preferably an area that includes at least every volume that can be occupied by the at least one energy output device 302 and possibly also by at least one dryer frame 351 carrying the at least one energy output device 302 during the movements along the travel path. More preferably, the security area also includes a larger spatial area. The security area can preferably be entered from an environment through at least one closable opening in the shut-off device 349. This at least one opening can preferably be closed by means of a closure device 352, for example at least one door 352. A movement of the at least one energy output device 302, in particular from its active position and / or its access position and / or its retracted position, is preferably only possible when the at least one locking device 352 is closed and / or when a signal transmitter located outside the safety area is operated. The at least one closure device 352 can only be opened when the at least one energy output device is arranged in its access position.

A preferred method for operating a printing machine 01 can be carried out in particular by means of the printing machine 01. This is a process for Operating the printing machine 01, the printing machine 01 having the at least one first printing assembly 200 and the at least one dryer unit 300, and the at least one dryer unit 300 having the at least one first dryer 301 with at least the first energy output device 302; 317 has. In a first shutdown process, the at least one energy output device 302; 317 moved in particular by means of the at least one actuator from the active position in the actuating direction S along a linear actuating path by at least 5 mm, preferably by at least 50 mm and more preferably by at least 90 mm and independently of this, for example by a maximum of 400 mm, into the retracted position and stopped there . In a subsequent drawing-in process, at least one web-like printing material 02 is preferably used by means of at least one drawing-in means, in particular different from each printing material 02, along the transport path provided for printing material 02 through the area of action of the at least one energy output device 302; 317 drafted. In a first resetting process that takes place thereafter, the at least one first energy output device 302; 317, in particular by means of the at least one actuating drive, is moved back from the retracted position counter to the actuating direction S along the same linear actuating path into the active position and stopped there.

Preferably, between the first shutdown process and a second shutdown process, at least one drying process in the area of action of the first energy output device 302; 317 energy from the at least one first energy output device 302; 317 released onto the previously drawn-in web-like printing material 02. Furthermore, the previously drawn-in web-like printing material 02 is preferably provided at least partially with at least one printing fluid beforehand in the at least one printing assembly 200.

The at least one first energy output device 302; 317 in particular by means of the Moved at least one actuator from the active position in the same setting direction S along the same linear setting path by at least 450 mm, more preferably by at least 600 mm and even more preferably by at least 700 mm into an access position different from the retracted position and stopped there. In a first maintenance process that takes place thereafter, at least one maintenance action on the at least one first energy output device 302; 317 carried out, for example an exchange of at least one current-carrying component and / or a cleaning of a component. It is further preferred that the at least one first energy output device 302; 317, in particular by means of the at least one actuating drive, is moved back from the access position counter to the actuating direction S along the same linear actuating path into the active position and stopped there.

The method is preferably characterized in that the at least one drawing-in means is connected to the at least one printing substrate web 02 in a connecting process by means of at least one connecting element. The at least one connecting element preferably passes a printing position of the at least one print head 221 while it is parked from the intended transport path and / or is arranged in at least one rest position and / or the at least one connecting element passes at least one target area of at least one nozzle of the at least one during the pulling-in process Printhead 221 and / or no component of the at least one pulling means passes a target area of a nozzle of the at least one print head 221 during the pulling-in process. The at least one connecting element preferably passes an active area of the at least one energy output device 302; 317 of the at least one first dryer 301, while it is in a parking position designed as a retracted position. Preferably, during the drawing-in process, no component of the at least one drawing-in means passes the area of action of the at least one energy-emitting device 302; 317. Preferably, only at least one pulling means is used, which acts on the axial Direction A is arranged in relation to only one side of the intended transport path for printing material 02 and / or whose pull-in path runs only on one side of the intended transport path for printing material 02.

After the printing substrate web 02 has passed the at least one first printing assembly 200, the printing substrate web 02 is transported further along its transport path and preferably fed to the at least one first dryer 301 of the at least one dryer unit 300. A transport path for the printing material 02 comprising one or more guide and / or conveying means is preferably designed downstream of the last printing point 201 in such a way that the first side of the printing material web 02 printed in the at least one first printing unit 200 after passing the last printing point 201 to to the area of action of the at least one energy output device 302; 317 of the at least one first dryer 301 does not come into contact with any component of the web printing machine 01, in particular with any guide and / or conveying means. The second side of the printing substrate web 02, in particular not printed by the first printing assembly 200, is preferably up to the effective area of the at least one energy output device 302; 317 of the at least one first dryer 301 with at least one web guide means 257, for example at least one web guide roller 254; 256; 257 and / or the first pull roller 344 in contact.

A transport direction provided for printing substrate 02 preferably has at least half and more preferably in at least 75% of the entire drying section at least one vertical, preferably downward-pointing component that is larger than any horizontal component of this transport direction that may be present. For this purpose, a motor-driven web guide roller 254 or tension roller 344 is preferably arranged, which is wrapped by the printing material 02 and / or the intended transport path with an angle of wrap that is preferably at least 45 °, more preferably at least 60 ° and even more preferably at least 75 °. This At least one motor-driven web guide roller 254 or tension roller 344 is preferably arranged along the printing substrate 02 and / or along the transport path provided for the printing substrate 02 after the last guide element of the printing path 224 and in front of the area of action of the at least one dryer 301.

The at least one first dryer 301 preferably has at least one radiation source 302, which is preferably designed as a radiation source 302 for microwaves and / or for radiation in the visible range and / or in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum and / or more preferably as an infrared radiation source 302. The at least one first dryer 301 is preferably designed as an infrared radiation dryer 301. A radiation source 302, preferably infrared radiation source 302, is a device by means of which electrical energy is specifically converted and / or can be converted into radiation, preferably infrared radiation, and is directed and / or can be directed onto the printing substrate web 02. The at least one radiation source 302 forms the at least one energy output device 302. The at least one radiation source 302 preferably has a defined area of action. In particular, the effective area of a radiation source 302 is in each case the area that contains all points that can be connected to the radiation source 302 in a straight line, in particular, without interruption, directly or via reflectors especially provided for this purpose. The area of action of the at least one first dryer 301 is preferably composed of the areas of action of all radiation sources 302 of the at least one first dryer 301 and / or of the areas of action of all air supply lines 317 of the at least one first dryer 301. The area of action of the at least one first dryer 301 preferably points from the at least one radiation source 302 to a part of the transport path of the printing substrate web 02 which is closest to the at least one radiation source 302.

Air is preferably introduced into the interior of the at least one first dryer 301 through at least one ventilation opening of the at least one air supply line 317.

In the interior of the first dryer 301, water and / or solvents of the printing inks to be removed from the printing substrate web 02 are then removed, for example by the infrared radiation, and taken up by the introduced air. This air is then discharged from the at least one first dryer 301 through at least one ventilation opening and / or at least one air discharge line 318.

In the transport direction of the printing substrate web 02 after the area of action of the at least one radiation source 302 of the at least one first dryer 301, at least one first cooling device is preferably arranged. The at least one first cooling device preferably has the at least one first cooling roller 303 and preferably a first cooling roller presser that can be adjusted and / or adjusted to the at least one first cooling roller 303 and / or the at least one and, in particular, several cooling roller pressers that can be adjusted and / or adjusted to the at least one first cooling roller 303. or adjusted pressure rollers 306.

Preferably, at least parts of the at least one retraction path and preferably the complete retraction path in the axial direction A or transverse direction A in relation to each target area of each nozzle of each print head 221 of this at least one printing unit have a distance of at least 2 cm, more preferably at least 4 cm, even further preferably at least 6 cm and even more preferably at least 8 cm. Preferably, at least parts of the drawing-in means and more preferably the complete drawing-in means have a distance of at least 2 cm, more preferably at least 4 cm, even more preferably, in relation to each target area of each nozzle of each print head 221 of this at least one printing unit 200 in the axial direction A or transverse direction A at least 6 cm and more preferably at least 8 cm. In particular, the at least one drawing-in path and / or the at least one drawing-in means is preferably arranged outside the working width of the printing press 01 with respect to the axial direction A. The pull-in path in the area of the printing section 226 of the transport path provided for printing substrate 02 is preferably in exactly one Curved direction.

The drawing-in means is preferably different from any printing substrate 02. For example, the at least one drawing-in means is designed as at least one endless drawing-in means, for example as at least one endless drawing-in belt. The at least one pull-in means is alternatively designed as at least one finite pull-in means, for example as a finite pull-in belt and / or as a finite pull-in chain. At least one pull-in drive is preferably arranged, by means of which the at least one pull-in means is arranged to be movable along the at least one pull-in path. For example, in the case of an endless pull-in means, it is sufficient if precisely one such pull-in drive is arranged. Alternatively, the at least one pull-in means is finite. Then preferably at least one pull-in store is arranged in which the at least one pull-in means can be arranged at least temporarily, in particular as long as it is not used to pull in a printing substrate web 02. In an alternative embodiment, the at least one pull-in means is designed as at least one finite pull-in chain. In the preferred case of the at least one endless drawing-in means, the at least one drawing-in means for drawing in a printing substrate web 02 along the intended transport path of printing substrate web 02 is preferably arranged, in particular permanently, along its at least one threading path within printing press 01.

At least one pull-in guide element is preferably arranged, by means of which at least one pull-in path of the at least one pull-in means can be fixed and / or fixed. The at least one draw-in guide element is designed, for example, as at least one deflection roller. The at least one pull-in guide element is alternatively designed as at least one chain rail. The at least one draw-in guide element is preferably designed as at least one rotatable draw-in guide element, for example as at least one deflection roller. In particular, a chain rail can also have switches for realizing different pull-in paths.

The at least one drawing-in means for drawing in a printing substrate web 02 along the intended transport path of printing substrate web 02 is preferably arranged, in particular permanently, along its at least one drawing-in path within printing press 01. The at least one pulling means preferably has at least two and more preferably at least five provided connection points at which at least one printing substrate web 02 can be connected to the at least one pulling means directly and / or via at least one connecting element. The printing press 01 is preferably characterized in that the at least two connection points in the axial direction A or transverse direction A are at a distance of no more than 10 cm, more preferably no more than 5 cm, even more preferably no more than 2 cm and even more preferably no distance at all and / or that the at least two connection points are spaced apart from one another along the at least one pull-in path.

Preferably, before the printing substrate web 02 is drawn in by the at least one printing assembly 200, at least one printing head 221 of the at least one printing assembly 200, designed as an inkjet printhead 221, is removed from the intended transport path of the at least one printing substrate web 02. Preferably, in a partial process of a drawing-in process, at least one drawing-in means is then moved along a drawing-in path through the at least one printing unit 200 and the at least one printing material web 02 is drawn along the transport path provided for the at least one printing material web 02. The pull-in path and the transport path are preferably spaced apart from one another as seen in an axial direction A or transverse direction A.

Arranged along the transport path of the printing substrate web 02 after a pull-out gap and / or after a re-moistening device is at least one post-processing device, which is preferably a single-stage or multi-stage Folding device is designed and / or has a sheet cutter and / or a flat delivery or is designed as a winding device. In this and / or through this post-processing device, the printing substrate web 02 is preferably folded and / or cut and / or stapled and / or sorted and / or enveloped and / or dispatched and / or wound up.

The working width of the printing machine 01 and / or of the at least one first printing assembly 200 and / or a width of a printing substrate 02 to be processed is, for example, at least 1500 mm, preferably at least 2000 mm and more preferably at least 2500 mm. However, even larger working widths and / or web widths are possible through the arranged guide elements 241, in particular in connection with the arranged inner support elements 274 and / or through the adjusting direction S of the at least one energy output device 302.

List of reference symbols

01

Printing machine, inkjet printing machine, roll printing machine, roll inkjet printing machine

02

Substrate, substrate web

200

Printing unit, inkjet printing unit, first

201

Pressure point

211

Order office

221

Image generating device, print head

222

Printhead row

223

Double row of printheads

224

Printing route

225

-

226

Print section

227

Deflection angle

228

Surface, lateral surface, surface, outer (241)

229

Central axis (241)

230

-

231

Nozzle bar

241

Guiding element

249

Substrate feed

250

-

251

Web guide means, web guide roller, first

252

Web guide roller

253

Web guide means, web guide roller

254

Web guide means, web guide roller, second

255

-

256

Web guide roller

257

Web guide means, web guide roller

258

-

259

-

260

-

261

Support point

273

Support element, on the side

274

Support element, inside

275

-

276

Support frame

277

traverse

278

-

279

Swivel device

280

-

281

Pivot axis, first

282

Pivot axis, second

283

frame

284

Intermediate link

285

-

286

Swivel drive, linear drive

287

-

288

-

289

Cleaning space

290

-

291

Maintenance room

292

Shielding device, shielding surface, shielding plate

293

Stand aid, stand area

300

Dryer unit

301

Drying aid, dryer, infrared radiation dryer, flow dryer, first

302

Energy delivery device, radiation source, infrared radiation source

303

Chill roll, pull roll, second,

304

-

305

-

306

Pressure roller

317

Energy delivery device, air supply line

318

Air discharge line

343

Measuring roller

344

Draw roller, first

345

-

346

Radiation shield, reflector

347

Deflection roller, first

348

Deflection roller, second

349

Shut-off direction

350

-

351

Dryer rack

352

Locking device, door

A.

Direction, transverse direction

B.

Main direction of conveyance

T1

Transport direction, first

T2

Transport direction, second

S.

Direction of adjustment

N

Normal direction

Claims (9)

1. A method for operating a printing press (01), wherein the printing press (01) has at least one first printing assembly (200) and at least one dryer unit (300), and wherein the at least one dryer unit (300) has at least one first dryer (301) with at least one first energy output device (302; 317) and wherein in a first deactivation process the at least one first energy output device (302; 317) moves along an actuating distance in an actuating direction (S) from an active position by at least 5 mm to a threading position and held there and wherein the actuating distance extends in a continuously linear manner in and/or opposite to an actuating direction (S) over at least 75% of its entire length and wherein in a threading process taking place subsequently at least one web-type printing substrate (02) is threaded by means of at least one threading means along a transport path provided for the printing substrate (02) through an active region of the at least one energy output device (302; 317) and wherein in a second deactivation process the at least one first energy output device (302; 317) is moved along the actuating distance in a continuously linear manner in and/or opposite to an actuating direction (S) over at least 75% of its entire length from the active position by at least 450 mm in an access position, access position different from the threading position and is held there and wherein in a first maintenance process taking place subsequently at least one maintenance task is performed on the at least first energy output device (302; 317).
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the actuating direction (S) deviates from a horizontal direction by a maximum of 40° and/or that the actuating direction (S) deviates from a normal direction (N) of an average area normal of a portion of a transport path provided for web-type printing substrate (02) lying entirely in an active region of the at least one first energy output device (302; 317) by a maximum of 40°, and/or that the actuating distance extends in a continuously linear manner over its entire total length in and/or opposite to an actuating direction (S).
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in a first resetting process taking place after the threading process the at least one first energy output device (302; 317) is moved from the threading position opposite to the actuating direction (S) along the same linear actuating distance back to the active position and is held there and/or that in a second resetting process taking place after the first maintenance process the at least one first energy output device (302; 317) is moved from the access position opposite to the actuating direction (S) along the same linear distance back to the active position and is held there and/or that between the first deactivation process and the second deactivation process in at least one drying process in the active region of the first energy output device (302; 317) energy is output from the at least one first energy output device (302; 317) to the previously threaded web-type printing substrate (02).
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that the previously threaded web-type printing substrate (02) is first provided with at least one printing fluid in the at least one printing assembly (200).
5. The method according to claim 2 or according to claim 2 and claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the normal direction (N) of the average area normal is determined as an average over all directions of area normals of tangent planes at all area elements of the transport path provided for the printing substrate (02) in the active region of the at least one first energy output device (302; 317).
6. The method according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, characterized in that the at least one threading means is connected to the at least one web-type printing substrate (02) in a connection process by means of at least one connection element.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the at least one connection element passes a printing position of at least one print head (221), while said print head is disengaged from the provided transport path and/or is arranged in at least one idle position and/or that the at least one connection element passes at least one target region of at least one nozzle of the at least one print head (221) during the threading process and/or that during the threading process, no component of the at least one threading means passes a target region of a nozzle of the at least one print head (221).
8. The method according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7, characterized in that the at least one connection element passes an active region of the at least one energy output device (302; 317) of the at least one first dryer (301), while said energy output device is in a stop position configured as a threading position.
9. The printing press according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 or 6 or 7 or 8, characterized in that the actuating distance is the distance along which the at least one energy output device (302; 317) is moved and/or can be moved.

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