Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
  • A61L2/26—Accessories or devices or components used for biocidal treatment
  • A61L2/28—Devices for testing the effectiveness or completeness of sterilisation, e.g. indicators which change colour
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
  • C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
  • C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
  • C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
  • C12Q1/22—Testing for sterility conditions
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
  • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
  • G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
  • G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
  • G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment

Definitions

• the invention relates, in general, the field of sanitation of the interior surfaces of a vehicle cabin and more particularly the field of disinfection devices installed in many vehicles.
• the invention relates more specifically to a method and a system for measuring the effectiveness of a device for disinfecting the surfaces of the passenger compartment of a motor vehicle with regard to microbiological organisms.
• a motor vehicle comprises an ambient air management system within the passenger compartment of the vehicle, in particular to ensure the cleaning and the depollution of the air in the passenger compartment.
• Such an air management system may however be insufficient for the depollution of the interior surfaces of the passenger compartment.
• the control buttons or even the ventilation nozzles for example, it may happen that there deposits germs or microbes that can proliferate. In order to treat such surfaces infected by microorganisms, some motor vehicles are thus equipped with a device for disinfecting the surfaces of the passenger compartment.
• the document FR 2955031 describes a device for disinfecting a motor vehicle comprising a pneumatic energy module and a diffusion module of a disinfectant substance.
• the disinfection device allows, by the activation of the pneumatic energy module, to diffuse the disinfecting substance on the surfaces of the passenger compartment of the vehicle.
• Such a disinfection device thus having the function of reducing the concentration of microorganisms on the interior surfaces of the passenger compartment, must follow a series of tests to verify its effectiveness.
• the Japanese standard JIS Z 2801 describes test methods for verifying the bacterial activity and the evaluation of the effectiveness of a disinfection device with regard to such bacteria on various surfaces such as surfaces. plastics, metal or textiles. Such a standard, however, does not apply to all microorganisms. Indeed, the standard JIS Z 2801 does not deal with the evaluation of the effectiveness on fungal organisms, such as molds for example.
• the international standard ISO 22196 describes methods for measuring the antibacterial action of a disinfection device on plastic surfaces.
• the ISO 22196 standard does not deal with the measurement of the effectiveness of the disinfection device on metallic or textile surfaces, which are nevertheless present inside the passenger compartment of a vehicle, for example on seatbelt buckles or seat belts. seats.
• the invention therefore aims to overcome this deficiency by providing a simple, reliable and effective measurement method for measuring the effectiveness of a device for disinfecting the passenger compartment of a vehicle vis-à-vis microorganisms.
• the present invention relates to a method for measuring the effectiveness of a disinfection device, intended to be mounted in a motor vehicle, said measuring method comprising:
• a step of contamination with a microbiological solution comprising at least one strain of microorganisms of at least one test sample of a part of a passenger compartment of a vehicle and at least one control sample of said part of the passenger
• the measurement method advantageously makes it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of a disinfection device, to install an effective disinfection device in a passenger compartment to limit possible contamination of the driver or a passenger by a bacteria or an unwanted germ.
• the measurement method comprises a step of setting up said disinfection device in said hermetic enclosure, allowing use of a standard enclosure adapted to test any type of disinfection device.
• the measuring method comprises, prior to the step of contamination with a microbiological solution comprising at least one strain of microorganisms of said at least one test sample and said at least one control sample, a step for preparing said microbiological solution, allowing the samples to be contaminated by a microbiological solution containing a known initial concentration of microorganisms.
• the measuring method comprises prior to the microbiological solution contamination step comprising at least one strain of microorganisms of said at least one test sample and said at least one control sample, a preparation step of a treated surface of said at least one test sample and said at least one control sample, said treated surface being adapted to receive said microbiological solution.
• a surface treatment allows a better impregnation of the microbiological solution.
• the measuring method comprises, prior to the step of placing said at least one test sample in the hermetic enclosure, a decontamination step of said hermetic enclosure, allowing the realization of the test in a healthy environment.
• the measurement method comprises, at the end of the test, a step of destroying said at least one test sample and said at least one contaminated control sample, so as to subsequently limit the risk of contamination.
• the contamination step of the measurement method is performed on a plurality of test samples and a plurality of sample samples of a plurality of parts of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, to evaluate the device. disinfection on a plurality of surfaces belonging to a plurality of different parts of the passenger compartment.
• the disinfection device is disposed in the hermetic enclosure in a central position above said at least one test sample, allowing, in the case of a plurality of test samples, a treatment. equivalent of each test sample, also distributed in the diffusion cone of the disinfection device.
• said at least one test sample and said at least one control sample comprise one or more materials, preferably a plastic material and / or a metallic material and / or a textile material, making it possible to evaluate the disinfection device on a plurality of surfaces designed in different materials.
• the microorganisms included in the microbiological solution belong to one or more of the following strains: Penicillium brevicompactum, Aspergillus niger, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli.
• Penicillium brevicompactum Aspergillus niger, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli.
• Such a variety of strains makes it possible to evaluate the disinfection device on all the microorganisms potentially present in a passenger compartment of a motor vehicle.
• the step of placing in the sealed chamber is performed for a plurality of test samples, each test sample comprising a different material contaminated with a microbiological solution comprising a strain of a different microorganism, so as to measure the concentration of microorganisms on a plurality of different test samples.
• the invention also relates to a system for measuring the effectiveness of a disinfection device, intended to be mounted in a motor vehicle, said measuring system comprising:
• test means comprising:
• an hermetic enclosure adapted to receive said disinfection device and at least one test sample of a part of a passenger compartment of a vehicle, said at least one test sample being contaminated with a microbiological solution comprising at least one strain; microorganisms,
• a safety enclosure adapted to receive at least one control sample of said part of the passenger compartment, said at least one control sample being contaminated with said microbiological solution
• motorization means configured to enable the disinfection device to be put into operation
• measuring means adapted to measure the concentration of microorganisms present on said at least one test sample and the concentration of microorganisms present on said at least one control sample
• calculating means configured to calculate an efficiency ratio of the disinfection device as a function of the concentration of microorganisms measured on said at least one test sample and the concentration of microorganisms measured on said at least one control sample.
• Such a measurement system advantageously allows the implementation and realization of the aforementioned measurement method.
• each test sample and each control sample comprise a different material, preferably a plastic material, a metallic material or a textile material, allowing the introduction into the measurement system of a plurality of samples. different test.
• each different sample is contaminated with a different microorganism, preferably belonging to one or more of the following strains: Penicillium brevicompactum, Aspergillus niger, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, allowing introduction into the system for measuring a plurality of test samples contaminated with different microorganism strains.
• FIG. 1 a schematic representation of a system for measuring the efficiency of a disinfection device according to one embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2 a diagram of the steps of a measurement method according to one embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the arrangement of the test samples in a measurement system as described in FIG.
• a passenger compartment intended to be integrated into a motor vehicle.
• some motor vehicles are equipped with a device for disinfecting the surfaces of the passenger compartment for decontaminating infected surfaces with one or more strains of microbiological organisms, commonly called microorganisms.
• microorganisms Such surfaces belong to different parts of the passenger compartment such as the dashboard, seats, steering wheel or even the control buttons.
• the different parts of the passenger compartment include surfaces designed in different materials, such as metal surfaces (for example seat belt buckles), plastic surfaces (for example the coating of the dashboard or control buttons). ) or even textile surfaces (eg seats).
• metal surfaces for example seat belt buckles
• plastic surfaces for example the coating of the dashboard or control buttons
• textile surfaces eg seats.
• such parts of the passenger compartment may be contaminated by different strains of microorganisms, characteristics of microorganisms present in a vehicle interior, such as:
• the invention proposes a measurement method for evaluating the effectiveness of the disinfection device 10 of the surfaces of the passenger compartment with regard to such microorganisms.
• Figure 1 shows a measuring system 1 used for the measuring method according to the invention for evaluating the effectiveness of a disinfection device 10.
• a system 1 allows measurement of the concentration of microorganisms present on a plurality of samples of different parts of the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle with and without treatment by the disinfection device 10.
• the measurement system 1 extends longitudinally along an axis X, laterally along an axis Y and vertically along an axis Z, so as to form an orthogonal reference (X, Y, Z).
• the term horizontal means an object extending in the plane (X, Y).
• the term vertical designates an object extending in the plane (X, Z) and the transverse term, an object extending in the plane (Y, Z).
• the measurement system 1 comprises, according to a preferred embodiment:
• test means 2 configured to receive the disinfection device 10 to be tested
• measuring means configured to measure the concentration of microorganisms on a plurality of samples
• test means 2 configured to calculate an efficiency ratio T of the disinfection device 10. Still with reference to FIG. 1, the test means 2 comprise, in a preferred manner:
• a hermetic enclosure 20 adapted to receive the disinfection device 10 to be tested and at least one test sample 5, corresponding to a sample of a part of the passenger compartment of the vehicle, the hermetic enclosure 20 making it possible to ensure sealing during the measuring process,
• At least one temperature sensor 22 so as to control the conditions of temperature and hygrometry inside the hermetic enclosure 20,
• an ozone sensor 23 making it possible to control the concentration of ozone inside the hermetic enclosure 20, and
• a safety enclosure 21 adapted to receive at least one control sample 6 corresponding to a sample of the part of the passenger compartment of the vehicle in which the test sample 5 was taken, the safety enclosure 21 allowing the ensure the containment of microorganisms and thus the safety of the operators.
• the hermetic enclosure 20 is preferably in the form of a box, typically transparent plastic, having a sufficient volume to receive all of the above elements and a plurality of test samples 5.
• a hermetic enclosure 20 for example a volume of 9.5 L.
• the transparent box advantageously allows a user to view the evolution of the test samples 5 during the measurement process. It goes without saying that the hermetic enclosure 20 could be in a different form and be made of a different material, such as a metal material for example.
• the test means 2 comprise at least one temperature sensor 22 , the latter extending along the length of the hermetic enclosure 20 so as to control the homogeneity of the temperature throughout the hermetic enclosure 20.
• the temperature sensor 22 could be under the form of a point sensor, in which case the test means 2 would comprise a plurality of temperature sensors, for example three, so as to control the temperature at different points of the hermetic enclosure 20.
• Such a temperature sensor 22 also allows advantageously the measurement and the control of the hygrometry inside the hermetic enclosure 20.
• the test means 2 also comprise an ozone sensor 23 for controlling the concentration of ozone inside the hermetic enclosure 20.
• the test means 2 include preferred a hole, allowing the introduction of cables inside the hermetic enclosure 20. The presence of such a hole can cause fluctuations in environmental conditions inside the hermetic enclosure 20 so it is necessary to control.
• Such environmental conditions such as the temperature, the hygrometry rate or even the concentration of ozone are also verified in the safety chamber 21, configured to receive all the control samples 6.
• PSM Microbiological and known under the acronym PSM, ensures the safety of laboratory operators by forming an enclosed space. In a preferred manner, all the manipulations of the test means 2 are carried out inside the safety enclosure 21.
• the hermetic enclosure 20 is thus also preferably placed inside the safety enclosure 21.
• the measuring system 1 allows the measurement of the effectiveness of a disinfection device 10 with respect to microorganisms.
• the hermetic enclosure 20 is adapted to receive, during a test, at least one test sample 5 from a part of the passenger compartment of the vehicle and contaminated by one or more strain (s) of microorganisms previously prepared.
• a control sample 6 is taken from the same part of the passenger compartment and contaminated with the same strain (s) of microorganisms.
• the measuring system 1 is configured to preferably receive, in the security enclosure 21, a plurality of test samples 5 inside the hermetic enclosure 20 and a plurality of control samples 6 on the outside. of the hermetic enclosure 20. Such samples will be described in more detail later.
• the test means 2 are further adapted to receive the disinfection device 10 to be tested.
• a disinfection device 10 is placed in a horizontal plane in height, so as to be positioned, in the hermetic enclosure 20, above a plurality of test samples 5.
• the measuring system 1 comprises motorization means (not shown in FIG. 1).
• Such motorization means for example an electric motor, allow the activation of the disinfection device 10 for a predetermined duration corresponding to the duration of the test necessary for measuring the efficiency of the disinfection device 10.
• the measurement system 1 comprises measurement means (not shown in FIG. 1), making it possible to measure the concentration of microorganisms present in the plurality of test samples 5 and the plurality of control samples. 6 and calculation means (not shown in Figure 1), for calculating a T effectiveness rate of the disinfection device 10 introduced into the measuring system 1.
• a method of measuring the effectiveness of a disinfection device 10 using a measuring system 1 as described above.
• all the steps of the measurement process are preferably performed in a dedicated laboratory, whose environment is controlled.
• the steps of the measurement method are thus performed in a safety enclosure 21, as described above and also known by the acronym BSC, meaning Biosafety Cabinet in the English language.
• BSC Biosafety Cabinet
• FIG. 2 schematically represents the steps of such a measurement method according to one embodiment of the invention.
• the measuring method preferably comprises a first step E0 of decontamination of the measuring system 1.
• decontamination can be carried out for example by the application of a disinfecting product such as an alcoholic solution for example and allows the implementation of the test in a healthy environment.
• the measuring method then comprises, in a step E1, the preparation of a microbiological solution comprising one or more strain (s) of microorganisms.
• a microbiological solution comprising one or more strain (s) of microorganisms.
• a known amount of microorganisms is introduced into the microbiological solution.
• microorganisms are, for example, made up of one or more of the following strains, corresponding to the microorganisms organisms potentially present in a vehicle cabin and characteristics in the context of the measuring method according to the invention:
• a bacterial solution for bacteria for example Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Escherichia coli
• a fungal solution for molds by Penicillium brevicompactu or Escherichia coli.
• Each microbiological solution typically has a microorganism concentration of 10 7 CFU per milliliter (ml), CFU being the acronym for "Colony-Forming Units" in the English language, meaning "colony forming unit", or "unipotent strain” , the CFU being the unit used in microbiology to qualify the number of viable cells in a sample.
• a microbiological solution in order to prepare a microbiological solution, the strains of microorganisms are cultured and incubated for example at 30 ° C for 2 days for bacterial solutions and at 25 ° C for 7 days for fungal solutions.
• a microbiological solution having a concentration of 10 7 CFU / ml is prepared for each strain of microorganisms, the concentration of microorganisms being for example evaluated by optical density using a spectrophotometer.
• a microbiological solution is thus prepared for each of the above-mentioned microorganism strains.
• the measuring method according to the invention preferably makes it possible to evaluate the effectiveness of a disinfection device 10 on a plurality of parts of the passenger compartment of a vehicle comprising different materials, as previously described.
• a plurality of samples from a plurality of parts of the passenger compartment is taken.
• a plurality of samples is further taken from the same part of the passenger compartment so that all the parts of the passenger compartment can be tested with regard to all the selected microorganism strains.
• Each sample is then prepared to obtain a sample of dimensions 5 cm by 5 cm for example. Similarly in the case of an air filter, it is preferably flattened to obtain a sample thickness of between 2 and 3 mm, so as to ensure the homogeneity of the sample.
• One surface of each sample is then treated so as to contaminate each sample with a microbiological solution in a step E2. To do this, an equivalent amount, for example 0.1 ml is taken from one of the microbiological solutions and deposited on the treated surface of a sample of a portion of the passenger compartment. The microbiological solution is deposited equivalently, in a dose of 10 to 20 ⁇ , over the entire surface of the sample so as to cover the entire treated surface of the sample.
• Such manipulation is performed on several samples of the same part of the passenger compartment with several microbiological solutions comprising a different strain of microorganism.
• this contamination of the samples is carried out for the same microbiological solution (that is to say comprising the same strain of microorganism) on a plurality of different samples.
• several samples may be taken from an air filter, a vehicle seat and the buckle of a seat belt.
• Each of these three parts of the passenger compartment would then be contaminated by each of the five aforementioned microorganism strains.
• fifteen test samples would be evaluated during the measurement process. In order to be able to evaluate the effectiveness of a disinfection device 10, each sample is doubled.
• step E2 results in a plurality of test samples and a plurality of contaminated control samples.
• thirty samples would in fact be necessary for the measurement process.
• the disinfection device 10 to be tested is then positioned in a step E3 preferably in the upper horizontal plane of the hermetic enclosure 20 and fixed for example by means of an adhesive tape, so as to be maintained thereafter above above the test samples 5.
• a disinfection device 10 operates according to a diffusion cone 1 1 shown in FIG. 3.
• the disinfection device 10 is disposed in the hermetic enclosure 20 so that each test sample 5 is treated equivalently by the disinfection device 10.
• the plurality of test samples 5 above is introduced in a step E4 in the hermetic enclosure 20 in precise positioning, so that the treatment, by the disinfection device 10, undergoes during the process of measurement is identical for each test sample 5.
• the set of test samples 5 is for example arranged in a horizontal plane on the bottom of the hermetic enclosure 20 equidistantly in the center of the sealed enclosure 20, as is 3, showing a top view of the measuring system 1 (eight test samples 5 are in this example designated A, B, C, E, I, J, K, L).
• the hermetic enclosure 20 then has precise environmental conditions, controlled by one or more sensors 22 of temperature and humidity and an ozone sensor 23, as described above.
• the plurality of control samples 6 is placed outside the hermetic enclosure 20 under the same controlled environmental conditions, preferably in the security enclosure 21 of the PSM type.
• the disinfection device 10 is positioned in the hermetic enclosure 20 before the positioning of the test samples 5, but it goes without saying that the disinfection device 10 to be tested could be integrated into the measurement system 1 as soon as possible. its introduction into the security enclosure 21 for example or even after the positioning of the test samples 5.
• the measuring method according to the invention then comprises, after the sealed closure of the hermetic enclosure 20, a step E5 of operating the disinfection device 10 during a predefined operating time, for example for 8 hours. During this operating time, a regular measurement of the temperature, the hygrometry level and the ozone concentration is carried out so as to control the environmental conditions inside the hermetic enclosure 20.
• control samples 6 are stored in a step E5 'in the safety enclosure 21 having environmental conditions similar to those of hermetic enclosure 20 to ensure that the conditions The environmental conditions are very similar for the test samples 5 and the control samples 6.
• each test sample 5 is first cut into small pieces or ground in order to be deposited in a sterile container comprising a liquid recovery solution, for example 30 ml of liquid solution.
• the liquid solution is then diluted in a preferred manner in a dilution range of 10 -2 , that is to say 1/10. In other words, for 1 ml of liquid solution, 9 ml of dilution solution is added. According to one embodiment of the invention, 0.1 ml of the diluted solution is then removed, cultured and incubated in a similar manner to the preceding incubation, that is to say for example at 30 ° C. for bacterial solutions and at 25 ° C for fungal solutions.
• the same treatment is carried out for all the test samples 5 and all the control samples 6 so as to measure the concentration C 5 in microorganisms on each of the samples of test 5 and in parallel the concentration C 6 in microorganisms on each of the control samples 6.
• concentration C 5 in microorganisms is preferably determined in CFU / ml, as described above.
• two measurements are made, for example after 1 hour and after 8 hours of incubation so as to obtain two measurements of the concentration of microorganisms, to confirm the results obtained.
• a T effectiveness rate of the disinfection device 10 is then calculated in a step E7 as a function of the concentration C 5 microorganisms measured on a test sample 5 (having been subjected to the treatment of the disinfection device 10 ) and the concentration C 6 in microorganisms measured on a control sample 6 (not having been subjected to the treatment of the disinfection device 10), the test sample 5 and the control sample 6 coming from the same part of the cabin and being contaminated by the same microbiological solution.
• the effectiveness rate T of the disinfection device 10 is calculated as being equal to (l - 3 ⁇ 4 where C 5 is the concentration of micro-organisms measured on said at least one sample test 5 and C 6 is the concentration of microorganisms measured on said at least one control sample 6.
• the measuring method then makes it possible to determine the validity of the effectiveness of the disinfection device 10, that is, that is, to consider its efficiency as satisfactory, for example when the efficiency ratio T is greater than a predetermined threshold.
• the measuring method according to the invention preferably comprises a step E8 of destroying all of the test samples 5 and all the control samples 6, so as to limit any risk of contamination.
• Such a measurement method makes it possible to measure the effectiveness of a disinfection device 10 intended to be mounted in a motor vehicle with regard to microorganisms, making it possible to limit the proliferation of germs or bacteria in the passenger compartment of the vehicle. .
• Such a measurement method thus allows the use of effective disinfection devices, to limit the possible contamination of the driver or a passenger by a germ or an undesirable bacteria that can lead to diseases.

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• 2017
  • 2017-01-05 FR FR1750091A patent/FR3061435B1/fr active Active
  • 2017-12-19 WO PCT/FR2017/053700 patent/WO2018127643A1/fr unknown
  • 2017-12-19 EP EP17832260.8A patent/EP3565609A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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