EP3555365A1

EP3555365A1 - Measurement device and method for detecting a track geometry

Info

Publication number: EP3555365A1
Application number: EP17816552.8A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Christoph Kaiser
Original assignee: Plasser und Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
Current assignee: Plasser und Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
Priority date: 2016-12-19
Filing date: 2017-11-29
Publication date: 2019-10-23
Anticipated expiration: 2037-11-29
Also published as: CA3043454A1; EA201900221A1; BR112019010611A2; CN110088402B; CN110088402A; US10954637B2; JP2020502401A; US20190284767A1; BR112019010611B1; AU2017381030A1; JP7086078B2; EA036193B1; AU2017381030B2; AT519003A4; AT519003B1; DK3555365T3; PL3555365T3; ES2829073T3; EP3555365B1; WO2018114252A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a measurement device (13) for detecting a track geometry of a track (5) directly after processing the track (5) with a track construction machine (1), wherein the measurement device comprises wheel axles (16) for travelling on the track (5), connection elements (15) for securing to the track construction machine (1), and a data interface (41) for data exchange with the track construction machine (1). The measurement device (13) also comprises a device frame (22) on which an inertial measurement unit (14) is arranged, wherein a front wheel axle (16) and a rear wheel axle (16) are mounted on the device frame (22) such that they can rotate relative to one another about an axis of rotation (21) running orthogonal to the wheel axles (16).

Description

description

Measuring device and method for detecting a track geometry Area of technology

[01] The invention relates to a measuring device for detecting a

Track geometry of a track immediately after processing the track by means of a track construction machine, wherein the measuring device

Wheel axles for driving on the track, connecting elements for attachment to the track construction machine and a data interface for data exchange with the track construction machine comprises. In addition, the invention relates to a

Method for detecting a track geometry by means of the measuring device.

State of the art

[02] When it comes to track construction work, there is often a need for acceptance testing in order to prove compliance with standards and other requirements. For this, handheld devices are often used for short construction phases. Extensive construction and / or maintenance activities take place after

Completion of the work the driving by means of a measuring vehicle, in order to capture the track geometry of the processed track section. It is also known to drive a track section processed by means of a track construction machine a second time after completion of the track construction work for a final measurement.

[03] Also known are measuring devices which are connected to a track-laying machine

fastened and allow a re-measurement of the track immediately after a performed with the track-laying machine processing.

For example, EP 0 952 254 A1 discloses a track tamping machine with a trailer to which such a measuring device is mounted. This measuring device comprises three measuring carriages. Between the outside

Weighing a measuring chord whose distance is too tight

Measuring devices is detected at the middle measuring carriage. This allows the track geometry to be measured by means of a walking-wave measuring principle (three-point measurement) remeasure. In addition, track inclination can be measured with inclinometers (pendulums) attached to the measuring carriages.

Summary of the invention

[04] The invention is based on the object of a measuring device of

to improve the type mentioned above the prior art. In addition, a method carried out by means of the measuring device should be specified.

[05] According to the invention these objects are achieved by the features of claims 1 and 13. Advantageous developments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

[06] In this case, the measuring device comprises a device frame on which an inertial measuring unit is arranged, wherein a front wheel axle and a rear wheel axle are rotatably mounted to one another about a rotation axis orthogonal to the wheel axles rotatable on the device frame. Such a compact measuring device can be fastened in a simple manner to an existing track-laying machine in order to carry out an efficient remeasuring of the lateral, longitudinal and vertical position of the track immediately after track processing. The need for a trailer is eliminated. Due to the rotatability of the wheel axles relative to each other, it is ensured that the device frame with the interposition unit follows the track course exactly.

It is advantageous if the formation of the axis of rotation of the

Device frame is divided over a pivotally articulated in a front frame part and in a rear frame part. Such a design is robust against vibrations and ensures a very precise measurement with a backlash-free version of the swivel joint.

[08] A further improvement provides that the connection elements comprise a first watt-type linkage for guiding the device frame in the lateral direction. If the measuring device is attached to a track construction machine, the position of the measuring device relative to the track construction machine in the longitudinal direction remains constant and it can be a simple assignment of

Measurement results in track longitudinal direction. [09] Dannit the measuring device as a rear measuring car one

Level measuring system of a track construction machine is used, the measuring device advantageously comprises a support bracket for each rail for coupling with a linkage of a leveling chord.

For use as a rear measuring carriage of a direction measuring system of a track construction machine, it makes sense if the measuring device a

Tendon tensioning device for clamping a directional tendon comprises. The measuring device fulfills a dual function. On the one hand, the

Repeat measurement performed and on the other hand, the measuring device serves as a measuring system component for controlling a track processing.

[1 1] Advantageously, the tendon tensioning device is connected to a second watt linkage for connection to the track construction machine via a handlebar mounted centrally on the device frame. Through this

Kinematic expression of the connection elements ensures that no torque acts on the measuring device as a result of an asymmetric force exerted on the measuring device by means of straightening tensile force. Such could affect the measurement accuracy.

In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that for a

Position determination of the device frame with respect to each rail at least one non-contact position measuring device is arranged. This establishes a relationship between the space curves recorded by means of an inertial measurement unit and the rail progressions, resulting in a separate room curve for each rail.

In a robust alternative expression, each wheel axle as

Telescopic axis formed, are arranged on the measuring wheels with cylindrical treads. Thus, during a measuring operation, the position of the inertial measuring unit attached to the device frame is determined relative to a rail in order to detect the course of this rail as a space curve.

[14] Advantageously, at least one telescopic axis is a measuring sensor for

Detecting a track assigned. With the detected track width curve, the course of the other rail can also be derived from the space curve acquired by means of an inertial measurement unit. For derailment safe driving on switches and crossings, it makes sense if each measuring wheel is associated with a guide sword for guidance along a Radlenker. The respective guide blade pulls the associated measuring wheel inwards as soon as it is guided along a wheel guide. In this way it is prevented that a measuring wheel is pressed by means of telescopic axis in a rail gap.

[16] It makes sense to have at least one measuring wheel as an element of one

Displacement measuring device designed to assign the detected with the inertial measurement position changes the distance traveled on the track.

For a low-wear and accurate measurement, it is advantageous if each measuring wheel comprises an impeller and a flange, which are rotatably mounted to each other on a shaft. When cornering, the contact line between the impeller and the rail and the contact line between the wheel flange and rail have different arc lengths. Due to the division of the measuring wheel in the impeller and wheel flange there is no friction.

The inventive method for detecting a track geometry by means of the measuring device provides that immediately after driving on the track by means of a rail chassis of the tamping machine for

After measurement of the track geometry, the wheel axles of the measuring device are pressed from above onto the rails and that the position of the

Device frame is detected by the inertial measuring unit. In this way, the track geometry is detected after a processing of the track, wherein the rail chassis of the track tamping machine causes stabilization of the track immediately before the measurement.

In an advantageous embodiment of the method is in a

Evaluation of a detected by the inertial measurement unit space curve and a detected track for each rail determines its own space curve.

[20] When using the measuring device as a measuring car of a

Straightening system, it is advantageous if a arranged on the measuring device and laterally guided between two stops

Tendon tensioning device for positioning against a rail against one of the two stops is pressed. That's the way it is

Straightening measuring system can be applied to one of the rails of the track.

Brief description of the drawings

[21] The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It show in more schematic

Presentation:

Fig. 1 track tamping machine with measuring device according to the prior

technology

Fig. 2 measuring device attached to a tamping machine

Fig. 3 measuring device in a side view

Fig. 4 measuring device in a plan view

Fig. 5 measuring device with a tendon tensioning device

Description of the embodiments

[22] As an example of a track construction machine 1 is in the figures 1 and 2 a

Tamping machine shown. This comprises a machine frame 2, which is movable by rail trolleys 3 on rails 4 of a track 5. As working units a tamping unit 6 and a lifting / straightening unit 7 are arranged. In a known manner include a

Straightening system and one leveling system three measuring carriages 8, one straightening 9 and two leveling chords 10. Using this

Measuring systems is a control of the lifting-straightening unit 7 at

Straightening and leveling the track 5.

[23] After submerging, the track position achieved is checked. For this

After measurement comprises the track construction machine 1 in Fig. 1 according to the prior art, a trailer 1 1 with two further measuring carriages 8. Here, an additional measuring chord 12 is stretched for a three-point measurement according to the chord measuring principle.

According to the invention, the final measurement is improved if, instead of a trailer 1 1 equipped with further measuring carriages 8, a measuring device 13 with an inertial measuring unit 14 is used (FIG. 2). These

Measuring device 13 is connected by means of several connection elements 15 at the Track construction machine 1 fastened and movable by means of axles 16 on the track 5. Optionally, the measuring device 13 additionally serves as a measuring carriage of the direction measuring system and the level measuring system.

[25] In one embodiment of the invention, the measuring device 13

Non-contact position measuring devices 17 (e.g., laser line scanners).

In this case, each rail 4 are two spaced apart

Position measuring devices 17 directed to determine the position of the inertial measuring unit 14 relative to the rails 4 exactly. In this way, the curves of the two rails 4 can be derived from a space curve detected by means of an inertial measuring unit 14.

[26] FIGS. 3 to 5 illustrate an embodiment of the measuring device 13 with wheel axles 16 designed as telescopic axes 18, 19. At a front telescopic axis 18 and a rear telescopic axis 19 measuring wheels 20 are arranged with cylindrical running surfaces. The telescopic axes 18, 19 are rotatably mounted to each other about an orthogonal axis of rotation 21. For this purpose, a device frame 22 via a backlash-free pivot 23 in a front frame member 24 and a rear

Frame part 25 divided. For example, a plurality of mutually tensioned tapered roller bearings are arranged in the rotary joint 23.

[27] The inertial measuring unit 14 is arranged centrally on the front frame part 24.

This thus detects any change in position of the front frame member 24 when it is moved along the track 5. Measurement result is a space curve, which corresponds exactly to the course of that rail 4, against which

Device frame 22 with the measuring wheels 20 is applied laterally.

As connecting elements 15, two connecting brackets 26, four pneumatic vertical cylinders 27 and a first watt-bar 28 are arranged by way of example. By means of the vertical cylinder 27, the measuring device 13 is lowered from a transport position in a working position, each vertical cylinder 27 may be associated with a length measuring sensor. This makes it possible to determine the position of the measuring device 13 relative to the track-laying machine 1. In this way, the measuring device 13 can be remotely switched on or derailed and pressed during a measuring operation with a constant pressure from above on the rails 4. [29] It is advantageous if remote-locking locking elements 29 are provided for fixing in the transport position. These are, for example, hooks which are pivotable by means of their own drives and can be hooked onto shaft ends 30 of the telescopic axles 18, 19.

[30] The first Watt 28 rod (Lemniskatenlenker with a horizontal

Movement level) causes a lateral guidance of the measuring device 13 relative to the track construction machine 1. It includes two equal length

Lever rods 31, which are each articulated with one end to the track construction machine 1 and to the terminal brackets 26. The other ends are connected to each other via a coupling element 32. The

Coupling element 32 is mounted symmetrically about a guide axis of rotation 33 in the middle of the measuring device 13.

[31] In this way, the guide axis of rotation 33 is guided during cornering on an orthogonal to the track construction machine longitudinal axis. Thus, the position of the measuring device 13 in the longitudinal direction relative to the track-laying machine 1 always remains unchanged, so that a simple assignment of the measurement results in the longitudinal direction can be done.

[32] Each telescopic axis 18, 19 is a pneumatic horizontal cylinder 34

assigned to press the measuring wheels 20 in a measuring operation against the respective inner side of the rails 4. With the pneumatic cylinders 34 can be realized a uniform contact pressure. In addition, the measuring wheels 20 can be pulled inward before lifting the measuring device 13. Specifically, in each telescopic axis 18, 19 a measuring wheel 20 relative to the device frame 22 laterally displaceable. The respective non-displaceable measuring wheel 20 is connected to the

Device frame 22 guided along the associated rails 4, wherein the respective displaceable measuring wheel 20 compensates for a variable track width of the track 5.

For detecting the track width, each telescope axis 18, 19 is associated with a measuring sensor 35 which constantly records the variable length of the respective telescopic axis 18, 19. From the space curve of a rail 4 detected by the inertial measurement unit 14, a space curve of the second is obtained via the track width Rail 4 determined. In this way, an exact re-measurement of both rail tracks is possible.

[34] Each measuring wheel 20 is associated with a guide blade 36 to ensure safe passage through turnouts and intersections. The guide blade 36 assigned to the respective measuring wheel 20 is located on the other side of the measuring device 13 and pulls the measuring wheel 20 inwards upon contact with a wheel link. Via a connection 37 shown in broken lines, the respectively displaceable measuring wheel 20 is coupled to the associated guide blade 36, so that measuring wheel 20 and guide blade 36 are displaceable together.

In addition, each measuring wheel 20 is executed split. In this case, an impeller 38 and a flange 39 are mounted separately on a shaft 40. At a

Curve passage, the impeller 38 and the flange 39 can rotate at different speeds of rotation and compensate in this way different arc lengths of the lines of contact with the rail 4.

[36] In addition to a pneumatic connection, the measuring device 13 comprises a data interface 41 for data exchange with the track construction machine 1. For example, a bus system of the track tree rail 1 is used to transmit measurement data and control data. The unchanging longitudinal positioning of the measuring device 13 with respect to the

Track construction machine 1 facilitates the data comparison with others

Measuring devices of the track-laying machine 1.

Preferably, for each rail 4, a measuring wheel 20 as an element

Displacement measuring device 42 is formed. This achieves an improved assignment of the measurement results to the track 5's chaining. The respective displacement measuring device 42 is arranged, for example, with a torque support on an outer side of the associated measuring wheel 20.

[38] In Fig. 5 is a measuring device 13 as a rear measuring carriage of a

Straightening measuring system and a level measuring system of a track construction machine 1 formed. For this purpose, the measuring device 13 comprises a

Tendon tensioning device 43 with a transverse bar 44, in which a carriage 45 is guided. In the carriage 45 is a rear end of a directional tendon. 9 clamped. When cornering, the carriage 45 by means of a

Drive shifted laterally to allow chordal tracking.

[39] Thus an off-center tensile load of the directional chord 9 no disturbing

Torque can exert on the measuring device 13, a second Watt linkage 46 is arranged by means of a centrally mounted handlebar 47 can be coupled to the track construction machine 1. The position of the handlebar 47 thus remains aligned during cornering always orthogonal to the track machine longitudinal axis.

[40] To the handlebar 47 is connected via two coupling rods 48 of the crossbar 44 of the tendon tensioning device 43. In this way, the torque caused by the eccentric Richtsehnenspannung via the coupling rods 48, the handlebar 47, the second Watt-linkage 46 and a connection bracket 26 is supported on the track-laying machine 1. The opposing force occurring in the longitudinal direction at the central guide axis of rotation 33 is received by the track construction machine 1 via the first Watt-linkage 28, so that the measuring device 13 of the tensile force of

Directional chord 9 is completely unaffected.

[41] In order to obtain the directional measuring system optionally on one of the two rails 4 of the track 5, the crossbar 44 is laterally guided between two stops 49, 50, wherein only one stop 49 a rigid

Has connection with the device frame 22. In a first

Operating position presses an actuator the crossbar 44 against this stop 49, whereby the direction measuring system and the device frame 22 are applied to the same rail 4.

[42] The second stop 50 is coupled to the transversely displaceable measuring wheel 20 and the associated guide blade 36. When the crossbar 44 is pressed against this stop 50 in a second operating position, the other rail 4 serves as a reference for the straightening measuring system. In this way, in a curve always the inner rail can be selected as a reference base for the direction measuring system.

In addition, two support brackets 51 are arranged on this measuring device 13 on the device frame 22 to a height position of the measuring device 13 to transmit via linkages on leveling chords 10 of the level measuring system.

[44] In an optical track measuring system (e.g., according to Austrian patent application A 325/2016), there is no need for a

Tendon tensioning device 43. Instead, a console for the attachment of a camera is arranged on the measuring device 13, for example.

[45] An evaluation device 52 is arranged in the measuring device 13 itself or in the track tamping machine 1 in order to evaluate the data of the inertial measuring unit 14, the position measuring devices 19 or the measuring sensors 35 for detecting the track width and to create a space curve for each rail 4.

Claims

claims

1. Measuring device (13) for detecting a track geometry of a track (5) immediately after a processing of the track (5) by means of a track construction machine (1), wherein the measuring device wheel axles (16) for driving on the track (5), connecting elements (15) for attachment to the track construction machine (1) and a data interface (41) for data exchange with the track construction machine (1), characterized in that the measuring device (13) has a

Device frame (22), on which an inertia measuring unit (14) is arranged, and that a front wheel axle (16) and a rear wheel axle (16) to each other about an orthogonal to the wheel axles (16) extending axis of rotation (21) rotatably on the device frame ( 22) are stored.

2. Measuring device (13) according to claim 1, characterized Porsche Style nzeich net that for forming the rotation axis (21) of the device frame (22) via a pivotally articulated (23) in a front frame part (24) and in a rear frame part (25) is.

3. Measuring device (13) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized Porsche Style nzeich net that the connection elements (15) comprise a first watt-bar linkage (28) for guiding the device frame (22) in the lateral direction.

4. measuring device (13) according to one of claims 1 to 3, dadu rch

that the measuring device (13) for each rail (4) a

Supporting console (51) for coupling with a linkage of a leveling chord (10).

5. measuring device (13) according to one of claims 1 to 4, dadu rch

geken nzeich net, that the measuring device (13) comprises a tendon tensioning device (43) for clamping a straightening chord (9).

6. Measuring device (13) according to claim 5, characterized Porsche Style nzeich net that the tendon tensioning device (43) via a center of the device frame (22) mounted handlebar (47) with a second Watt-linkage (46) for connection to the track-laying machine (1) is connected.

7. Measuring device (13) according to one of claims 1 to 6, dadu rch

geken nzeich net, that for determining the position of the device frame (22) relative to each rail (4) at least one non-contact

Position measuring device (17) is arranged.

8. Measuring device (13) according to one of claims 1 to 6, dadu rch

geken nzeich net that each wheel axle (16) as a telescopic axis (18, 19) is formed on the measuring wheels (20) are arranged with cylindrical running surfaces.

9. Measuring device (13) according to claim 8, characterized Porsche Style nzeich net that at least one telescopic axis (18, 19) is assigned a measuring sensor (35) for detecting a track.

10. Measuring device (13) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized Porsche Style nzeich net, that each measuring wheel (20) is assigned a guide blade (36) for guiding along a Radlenkers.

1 1. Measuring device (13) according to any one of claims 8 to 10, dadu rch

net that at least one measuring wheel (20) as an element of a

Path measuring device (42) is formed.

12. Measuring device (13) according to one of claims 8 to 1 1, dadu rch

geken nzeich net that each measuring wheel (20) comprises an impeller (38) and a flange (39), which are mutually rotatably mounted on a shaft (40).

13. A method for detecting a track geometry of a track (5) by means of the measuring device (13) according to one of claims 1 to 12, dadu rch

geken nzeich net, that immediately after driving on the track (5) by means of a rail gear (3) of the track tamping machine (1) for resampling the track geometry, the wheel axles (16) of the measuring device (13) from above on the Rails (4) are pressed and that the position of the device frame (22) by means of the inertia measuring unit (14) is detected.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized Porsche Style nzeich net, that in an evaluation device (52) from a means of the Inertiainnesseinheit (14) detected space curve and a detected track for each rail (4) has its own

Space curve is determined.

15. The method according to claim 13, wherein a tendon tensioning device (43) arranged on the measuring device (13) and laterally guided between two stops (49, 50) for positioning against a rail (4) against one of the both stops (49, 50) is pressed.