EP3553371A1 - Lamp for motor vehicle lights comprising a plate like light guide and motor vehicle light equipped with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A lamp (01) for vehicle lights and a vehicle lamp equipped with a corresponding lamp (01) are described. The illuminant (01) comprises at least one LED (02) as a light source. In addition, the lighting means (01) comprises a light guide sheet (03) with two opposite luminous surfaces (31) connected to one another by a circumferential narrow side (30), on one or more parts of its narrow side (30) that emitted by the at least one LED (02) Light is irradiated. The light guide sheet (03) comprises at least one light guide body part (33) and at least one volume scattering part (35).

Description

The invention relates to a lighting device for vehicle lamps according to the preamble of claim 1 and a vehicle lamp equipped with such a lighting device according to the preamble of claim 19.

In particular, the invention is concerned with the creation of an appearance of an OLED forming bulb for use in vehicle lights.

A light embodied, for example, as a vehicle lamp comprises, for example, a luminaire interior substantially enclosed by a luminaire housing and a lens, and at least one illuminant for at least one light function of the vehicle luminaire housed therein and comprising at least one light source.

Depending on the design, a luminaire fulfills one or more tasks or functions. To fulfill each task or function, a light function of the luminaire is provided. Light functions are, for example, in a lamp designed as a vehicle lamp in one embodiment as a headlamp a function illuminating the road, or in a configuration as a signal light a signal function, such as a Wiederholblinklichtfunktion to turn signal or a brake light function to indicate a braking action, or. a limiting light function, such as a taillight function, to ensure visibility of the vehicle during the day and / or night, such as in a taillight or daytime running light configuration.

Examples of vehicle lights are the Fahrzeugbug, on the vehicle flanks and / or on the side mirrors arranged flashing lights, exit lights, such as ambient lighting, marker lights, brake lights, fog lamps, reversing lights, and typically high set third brake lights, so-called Central, High-Mounted Braking lights, daytime running lights, headlamps and fog lights used as turning or cornering lights, as well as combinations thereof.

Each light function of a vehicle lamp must fulfill an example prescribed by law light distribution. The light distribution sets at least to be observed, colloquially known as brightness luminous flux in at least to be observed solid angle ranges.

For the individual lighting functions, there are sometimes different brightnesses or visibility ranges and, in some cases, different light colors.

Examples of vehicle lights are the Fahrzeugbug, on the vehicle flanks and / or on the side mirrors and arranged at the rear of vehicle rear lights, exit lights, such as ambient lighting, marker lights, brake lights, fog lamps, reversing lights, and typically high set third brake lights, so-called Central, High-Mounted Braking lights, daytime running lights, headlamps and fog lights used as turning or cornering lights, as well as combinations thereof.

Such a combination is realized, for example, regularly in the known taillights. These include, for example, repeating flashing lights, marker lights, brake lights, fog lights and reversing lights are used to name just one of many realized in tail lights combinations. Neither does this enumeration claim to be complete, nor does this mean that in a tail light all the aforementioned lights must be combined. Thus, for example, only two or three of the mentioned or else other lights in a common luminaire housing a tail light be combined.

Due to their high efficiency in the conversion of electric current in visible to the human eye light come as light sources of bulbs for lights, especially vehicle lights, increasingly inorganic light emitting diodes and in a few vehicle models already organic light emitting diodes used.

Inorganic light emitting diodes consist of at least one light emitting diode semiconductor chip, short LED chip, and at least one, for example, molded by injection molding, the at least one LED chip in whole or in part enveloping primary optics. Vehicle lights are also known in which pure LED chips are used without molded primary optics.

In the following, therefore, for the sake of simplicity, no distinction is made between inorganic light-emitting diode and LED chip and instead the term LED is used uniformly for both, unless explicitly stated otherwise.

An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) is a luminous thin-film component made of organic semiconducting materials with at least one emitter layer enclosed between electrically conductive, for example metallic layers for anode and cathode. The thickness or, in other words, the thickness of the layers is on the order of about 100 nm. Typically, depending on the structure, it is 100 nm to 500 nm.

The layers of an OLED are successively applied to a substrate which, together with an encapsulation applied to the uppermost layer, protects the layers of the OLED against water, oxygen and against other environmental influences, such as scratch damage and / or pressure loading.

In contrast to inorganic light-emitting diodes, OLEDs do not require monocrystalline materials. Compared to LEDs, OLEDs can therefore be produced using inexpensive thin-film technology. OLEDs thereby make it possible to produce flat light sources which, on the one hand, are very thin and, on the other hand, have a particularly homogeneous appearance when they are visible through the lens of a vehicle light and are illuminated homogeneously when switched on. In addition, OLEDs have a similarly high efficiency in the conversion of electric current into visible to the human eye light, such as LEDs.

A disadvantage of OLEDs is their reduced temperature resistance compared to LEDs and their reduced resistance to environmental influences, in particular moisture and atmospheric oxygen. Both lead to a limited lifetime of OLEDs.

The use of OLEDs as light sources in the automotive sector is still relatively new. So far there is only a wealth of experience of a few years - especially in the field of outdoor lighting, since due to adverse environmental conditions due increased demands on technology. Therefore, the manufacturing processes and the quality of these OLEDs are not yet fully developed and are therefore, in particular with regard to vehicle applications in a partially fundamental optimization and revision phase.

In order to be used in vehicle lights, OLEDs must be placed on vehicle components of and within vehicle lights and during their development, for example by shaker, chemical and mechanical exposure and climate chamber simulated and formulated in the form of technical requirements conditions of use with respect to thermal, mechanical and other, even combined environmental pollution , such as noxious gas, moisture, moisture together with heat, meet.

A major challenge for the OLEDs is the influence of moisture formed by water, water vapor, water molecules. This ensures, in particular in combination with high temperatures, that defects in the encapsulation and / or sealing of the OLED to the organic layers, among other water molecules which irreversibly damage the organic layers and lead to a failure or partial failure of the emitter layer. This can also be simulated in the lifetime for components in vehicle applications imaging experiments. In a test of such a test equipped with a light source with at least one OLED as a light source vehicle lamp is exposed to an 85 ° C warm ambient temperature and a relative humidity of 85% for several hours. In the case of inadequate encapsulation, dark spots are dark spots or spots in the luminous area that appear due to the water molecules that diffuse at encapsulation faults. As these occur due to the encapsulation imperfections, over time more and more water can get through and thereby grow and / or enlarge the dark spot with time.

An additional limitation experienced OLEDs in that the production of bright surfaces, which sharp-edged, i. without rounding, imitating angled structures fails due to the resulting in the area of acute corners and in the range of internal angles current peaks in the actual OLED forming substrate structure.

This leads to local hot spots, along with so-called dark spots, dark areas as a result of early aging to early destruction of the emitter layer by high temperature at these sites.

In this connection, a phenomenon known as pixel shrinkage (pixel shrinkage) may be mentioned, in which the edge region formed by the outer edge of the luminous surface burns away due to the high current densities. This results in an unsightly, frayed luminous surface outer contour, which is generally a specification violation. Also, there may be progressive damage to the layers from this area to adjacent areas, since the high current density and a large heat input in the form of waste heat due to a lighting efficiency of less than 100% prevails in this area.

In summary, the particular automotive operating conditions for OLEDs are due to the influence of high temperatures, temperature fluctuations, temperature shocks, moisture, shocks, ultraviolet radiation (UV radiation), noxious gases, such as combustion gases, along with a high required service life of at least 8000 h operating time and a shelf life defined, for example, by a specified overall lifetime of a vehicle of at least 15 years, relatively high compared to other OLED products, such as home and workplace lighting, televisions built in televisions, or cell phone displays.

Such robust and resistant OLEDs can currently only be produced at great expense and / or in an inadequate quantity. The latter is currently due to a high level of waste, since a large number of produced OLEDs has to be sorted out by a monitoring called production in the production under sorting out faulty parts, since they do not have the appropriate quality. The result is that a mass production with many 10,000 OLEDs currently proves to be uneconomical, as this OLED prices are too high for the market.

Furthermore, there is currently a lack of availability of OLEDs, because on the one hand, the committee is too high and in addition the machine capacity is not sufficient.

In addition, not all OLED errors can be detected by screening and / or individual errors become visible only after delivery, such as the growth of initially tiny dark spots and / or emergence of shorted areas in the OLED.

Contrary to the expectations placed on them by the experience of the advances in semiconductor elements observed in recent decades, OLEDs are still not available in large numbers and correspondingly cost-effective for the automotive sector.

In particular, the development is stalled in terms of higher temperature stability, reduced spread of damaged areas and homogeneous light output.

The currently used in the automotive sector OLEDs are sorted out in strict quality controls, along with high reject rates and - calculated on the remaining quantities - very high unit costs.

A general objective in the development of vehicle components, such as vehicle lights and bulbs for use in vehicle lights, are low production costs associated with a low scrap rate, which has a cost-reducing effect on the manufacturing costs.

Today, the situation is such that the cost of OLEDs for automotive applications has not dropped. Due to the additionally recognized problems of OLEDs, such as growing dark spots, etc., the selection criteria on the contrary have become sharper.

An object of the invention is to provide a light source for vehicle applications, in particular for use in vehicle lights with a luminous surface called as bright as homogeneous surface, which can be produced inexpensively, the appearance of an OLED awakens and a longer life at least the same efficiency in the conversion of electricity into visible light to the human eye.

In addition, it is an object of the invention to provide a vehicle lamp equipped with such a luminous means.

The object is solved by the features of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments are set forth in the claims, the drawings and the following description, including those associated with the drawings.

A first subject of the invention accordingly relates to a lighting device for vehicle lights.

The luminous means comprises at least one LED as the light source and a light guide sheet produced in multi-component injection molding technology with two opposing luminous surfaces interconnected by a circumferential narrow side, at one or more parts of whose narrow side the light emitted by the at least one LED is irradiated.

The optical waveguide sheet comprises at least one Lichtleitkörperpartie preferably in multi-component injection molding due to the one-piece production referred to as Klartakt, at least one due to the integral production preferably in multi-component injection molding also referred to as Diffustakt volume spreader, and, if necessary, at least one due to the one-piece production preferably in multi-component injection molding Also referred to as Opakttakt Opakpartie, for example, to conceal directly emitted by the LED light and / or to bring structures in one or both opposite luminous surfaces of the light guide sheet.

In other words, the optical waveguide sheet comprises at least one Klartakt for a Lichtleitkörperpartie, at least one Diffustakt for a volume spreader and, if necessary, at least one Opakttakt for a Opakpartie, for example, to directly hide the light emitted by the LED and / or structures in one or both opposite light surfaces of the To introduce light guide sheet.

The at least one LED as a light source is directly connected to the light guide sheet, for example molded or molded.

The volume spreader section can be crystal clear or diffuse.

Alternatively or additionally, a conductor carrier can be part of the luminous means, via which the at least one LED is electrically contacted.

The conductor carrier can be molded or hot-staked, for example.

Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that the conductor carrier is screwed to the light guide sheet and / or clipped into the light guide sheet and / or the light guide sheet is clipped into the conductor carrier.

Widely used conductor carriers are, for a short time, printed circuit board, board or printed circuit board (PCB), rigid printed circuit boards.

A printed circuit board is a carrier for electronic components. It serves for mechanical fastening and electrical connection. Almost every electronic device contains one or more printed circuit boards.

Another possibility for mechanical attachment and electrical connection of electronic components are in MID technology (MID technology: molded-interconnect device technique) manufactured injection-molded circuit board. Here are the electrical connections of an electronic component, for example, by surface mount technology, through-hole mounting technology or by Wire or ACF bonding to be contacted interconnects in an injection molded part, which also serves as a carrier of the one or more electronic components, integrated in the injection molding process.

The luminous surfaces of the light guide sheet can be subdivided by one or more separation surfaces in two or more illuminated area parts.

The separating surfaces can be arranged in the volume spreader section and / or in the light guide section and / or in the optional opaque section.

Animated light functions and / or differently colored and / or animated light functions and / or subdividing through the luminous surfaces of the light guide sheet into a plurality of luminous surface areas and preventing crosstalk of light between the luminous surface areas in conjunction with more than one LED as the light source different bright light functions can be realized with only one light source with a light guide sheet.

The lighting means may moreover comprise latching means which can enter into a latching connection with, for example, latching lugs, rear grips, etc. arranged in a luminaire housing, corresponding latching means.

For example, the locking means may be formed in the Opakpartie.

For example, the Opaktakt can therefore be provided in addition to form latching means which can enter into a latching connection with, for example, arranged in a lamp housing, corresponding locking means, such as locking lugs, Hintergreifungen, etc.

Preferably, the luminous surfaces of the light guide sheet are designed to be curved in two or more dimensions.

Advantageously, the optical waveguide sheet has a thickness of at most 3 mm, for example of not more than 2 mm, and dimensions of its luminous surfaces of at most 200 mm × 300 mm.

At least the volume spreader section may have a recess.

In the recess, an opaque section may be arranged as a separate part or integrally in multi-component injection molding technology.

Alternatively or additionally, an engraving may be applied at least to the volume spreader section.

In the recesses of the engraving or in the recess formed by the engraving, a material can be introduced, which either prevents the light emission in the engraving, thereby making the engraving visible in otherwise surrounding luminous area, or amplifies the light emission in the engraving to make the engraving visible by brighter light emission than in the surrounding luminous area.

In addition, a frame may be arranged at least on a luminous surface.

At least the volume spreader section, a transparent plate may be pre-set plane-parallel to the luminous surfaces spaced around an air gap.

The transparent plate is preferably a diffuser plate.

Thereafter, on the at least the volume spreader section and the Lichtleitkörperpartie comprehensive light guide body frontally additionally a plate are applied. This plate should further homogenize the light. Between the light guide body and the plate designed, for example, as a diffuser plate, the smallest possible air gap is provided in order to efficiently guide the light in the light guide body.

The diffuser plate can be applied to the light guide, for example by means of friction welding, for example, the welding surface is a narrow, circumferential edge.

At the narrow side of the light guide body, which is also referred to as the flank side, additional LEDs can be attached, which radiate directly into the light guide body.

Further additions are optional, preferably the Hauptabstrahlrichtung opposite, frontally mounted decoupling prisms.

The decoupling prisms can be arranged on at least one of the luminous surfaces and / or in the volume spreader section of the luminous means.

If a plate described above, for example designed as a diffuser plate, is part of the luminous means, then the decoupling prisms may alternatively or additionally be arranged in such a plate.

The invention provides an LED illuminant as a cost-effective and stable alternative to OLEDs.

The light source has the appearance of an OLED, without having to accept their disadvantages in terms of temperature sensitivity and high unit cost.

It is much easier to handle both in terms of risk of breakage, as well as with regard to pressure loads.

Comparatively inexpensive inserts in the tool allow a significant change in the appearance of the light guide sheet. In the case of OLEDs, a completely new OLED would have to be produced for comparably high unit costs, which would also have an effect on the number of OLEDs remaining in decreasing quantities.

Replacement of OLEDs by the proposed bulb will result in anticipated cost savings of up to 80% in the current selection criteria for OLEDs for automotive applications.

A second object of the invention relates to a vehicle lamp with a previously described illuminant for fulfilling at least one light function of the vehicle lamp.

The vehicle lamp comprises, for example, a luminaire interior substantially enclosed by a luminaire housing and a lens, and at least one light source accommodating at least one light source housed therein for at least one light function of the vehicle luminaire.

At least one of the optionally provided for fulfilling or contributing to a fulfillment of each of a light function of the vehicle lamp bulbs is a lighting means described above.

The lighting means may comprise individual or a combination of the features described above and / or below in connection with the vehicle lamp, just as the vehicle lamp may have and / or implement individual or a combination of a plurality of features previously and / or subsequently described in connection with the lighting means.

The illuminant and / or the vehicular lamp may alternatively or additionally be single or a combination of several in the context of the prior art and / or in one or more of the prior art documents and / or in the following description to those in the drawings having illustrated embodiments described features.

Additional advantages over the prior art that go beyond the complete solution of the problem set and / or the advantages mentioned above for the individual features are listed below.

Fig. 1

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines den Anschein einer OLED erweckenden Leuchtmittels in einer Draufsicht auf dessen in Hauptabstrahlrichtung vordere Leuchtfläche.

Fig. 2

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines den Anschein einer OLED erweckenden Leuchtmittels in einer perspektivischen Ansicht.

Fig. 3

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel eines den Anschein einer OLED erweckenden Leuchtmittels in einer Draufsicht auf dessen in Hauptabstrahlrichtung vordere Leuchtfläche.

Fig. 4

ein viertes Ausführungsbeispiel eines den Anschein einer OLED erweckenden und einen Leiterbahnträger umfassenden Leuchtmittels in einer Seitenansicht auf dessen die in Hauptabstrahlrichtung vordere und hintere Leuchtflächen verbindenden Schmalseite.

Fig. 5

ein fünftes Ausführungsbeispiel eines den Anschein einer OLED erweckenden und einen Leiterbahnträger umfassenden Leuchtmittels in einer Seitenansicht auf dessen die in Hauptabstrahlrichtung vordere und hintere Leuchtflächen verbindenden Schmalseite.

Fig. 6

ein sechstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines den Anschein einer OLED erweckenden und einen Leiterbahnträger umfassenden Leuchtmittels in einer Seitenansicht auf dessen Draufsicht auf dessen in Hauptabstrahlrichtung vordere Leuchtfläche.

Fig. 7

ein siebtes Ausführungsbeispiel eines den Anschein einer OLED erweckenden Leuchtmittels mit einer auf dessen Volumenstreuerpartie aufgebrachten Gravur sowie einer in dessen Volumenstreuerpartie eingebrachten Aussparung in einer Draufsicht auf die in Hauptabstrahlrichtung vordere Leuchtfläche des Leuchtmittels.

Fig. 8

ein achtes Ausführungsbeispiel eines den Anschein einer OLED erweckenden Leuchtmittels mit einer auf dessen Volumenstreuerpartie aufgebrachten Gravur sowie einer in dessen Volumenstreuerpartie eingebrachten Aussparung und einem in der Aussparung angeordneten Opakpartie in einer Draufsicht auf die in Hauptabstrahlrichtung vordere Leuchtfläche des Leuchtmittels.

Fig. 9

ein neuntes Ausführungsbeispiel eines den Anschein einer OLED erweckenden Leuchtmittels mit einer auf dessen Volumenstreuerpartie aufgebrachten Gravur sowie einem auf dessen Volumenstreuerpartie aufgebrachten Rahmen in einer Draufsicht auf die in Hauptabstrahlrichtung vordere Leuchtfläche des Leuchtmittels.

Fig. 10

ein zehntes Ausführungsbeispiel eines den Anschein einer OLED erweckenden Leuchtmittels mit zweieinhalbdimensional gewölbt verlaufenden Leuchtflächen in einer perspektivischen Ansicht.

Fig. 11

ein elftes Ausführungsbeispiel eines den Anschein einer OLED erweckenden Leuchtmittels mit dreidimensional gekrümmt verlaufenden Leuchtflächen in einer perspektivischen Ansicht.

Fig. 12

ein zwölftes Ausführungsbeispiel eines den Anschein einer OLED erweckenden und einen Leiterbahnträger umfassenden und mit Rastmitteln ausgestatteten Leuchtmittels in einer Draufsicht auf dessen in Hauptabstrahlrichtung vordere Leuchtfläche.

Fig. 13

ein dreizehntes Ausführungsbeispiel eines den Anschein einer OLED erweckenden und mit einer zu dessen Volumenstreuerpartie um einen Luftspalt beabstandet vorgesetzt angeordneten Platte ausgestatteten Leuchtmittels in einer Draufsicht auf dessen in Hauptabstrahlrichtung vordere Leuchtfläche.

Fig.

14das Leuchtmittel aus Fig. 13 in einer Seitenansicht auf dessen die in Hauptabstrahlrichtung vordere und hintere Leuchtflächen verbindenden Schmalseite.

Fig. 15

ein vierzehntes Ausführungsbeispiel eines den Anschein einer OLED erweckenden und mit Auskoppelprismen auf zumindest einer seiner Leuchtflächen und/oder in dessen Volumenstreuerpartie ausgestatteten Leuchtmittels in einer Seitenansicht auf dessen Draufsicht auf dessen in Hauptabstrahlrichtung vordere Leuchtfläche.

Fig. 16

eine Detailansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels von Auskoppelprismen mit Doppelreflexion.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. The proportions of the individual elements to one another in the figures do not always correspond to the actual size ratios, since some shapes are simplified and other shapes are shown enlarged in relation to other elements for better illustration. For identical or equivalent elements of the invention, identical reference numerals are used. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, only reference symbols are shown in the individual figures, which are required for the description of the respective figure. The illustrated embodiments are only examples of how the invention may be configured and are not an exhaustive limitation. In a schematic representation:

Fig. 1

a first embodiment of the appearance of an OLED awakening light source in a plan view of its front in the main emission direction lighting surface.

Fig. 2

a second embodiment of the appearance of an OLED awakening light source in a perspective view.

Fig. 3

a third embodiment of the appearance of an OLED awakening light source in a plan view of its front in the main emission direction lighting surface.

Fig. 4

a fourth embodiment of the appearance of an OLED awakening and a conductor carrier comprehensive light source in a side view on the front and rear luminous surfaces in the main emission direction connecting narrow side.

Fig. 5

a fifth embodiment of the appearance of an OLED awakening and a conductor carrier comprehensive light source in a side view on the front and rear luminous surfaces in the main emission direction connecting narrow side.

Fig. 6

a sixth embodiment of the appearance of an OLED awakening and a conductor carrier comprehensive light source in a side view on the top view of the front in the main emission direction lighting surface.

Fig. 7

a seventh embodiment of a light bulb awakening the appearance of an OLED with an engraving applied to its volume spreader section and a recess introduced into its volume spreader section in a plan view of the light emitting surface of the illuminant that is in the main emission direction.

Fig. 8

an eighth embodiment of the appearance of an OLED awakening light source with an applied on the volume spreader engraving and a introduced in the volume spreader recess and a recess arranged in the Opakpartie in a plan view of the front in the main emission direction of the illuminant.

Fig. 9

a ninth embodiment of a light source awakening the appearance of an OLED with an applied on the volume spreader section engraving and an applied on the volume spreader frame in a plan view of the front in the main emission direction of the illuminant.

Fig. 10

A tenth exemplary embodiment of a light source of the appearance of an OLED with two and a half-dimensionally curved luminous surfaces in a perspective view.

Fig. 11

an eleventh embodiment of the appearance of an OLED awakening bulb with three-dimensionally curved extending luminous surfaces in a perspective view.

Fig. 12

a twelfth embodiment of the appearance of an OLED awakening and a conductor carrier comprehensive and equipped with locking means illuminant in a plan view of its front in the main emission direction lighting surface.

Fig. 13

a thirteenth embodiment of an appearance of an OLED awakening and with a distance to its volume spreader coil spaced by an air gap prefixed arranged lamp equipped in a plan view of its front in the main emission direction lighting surface.

FIG.

14the bulb off Fig. 13 in a side view on which the front and rear luminous surfaces in the main emission direction connecting narrow side.

Fig. 15

a fourteenth embodiment of a the appearance of an OLED awakening and equipped with decoupling prisms on at least one of its luminous surfaces and / or in the volume spreader lighting in a side view on the top view of the front in the main emission direction lighting surface.

Fig. 16

a detailed view of an embodiment of coupling prisms with double reflection.

• mindestens eine LED 02 als Lichtquelle, und
• ein in Mehrkomponenten-Spritzgusstechnik hergestelltes Lichtleiterblatt 03 mit zwei gegenüberliegenden, durch eine umlaufende Schmalseite 30 miteinander verbundene Leuchtflächen 31, an einem oder mehreren Teilen dessen Schmalseite 30 das von der mindestens einen LED 02 abgegebene Licht eingestrahlt wird.

An in Fig. 1 . Fig. 2 . Fig. 3 . Fig. 4 . Fig. 5 . Fig. 6 . Fig. 7 . Fig. 8 . Fig. 9 . Fig. 10 . Fig. 11 . Fig. 12 . Fig. 13 . Fig. 14 . Fig. 15 . Fig. 16 Wholly or partially illustrated, provided to fulfill at least one light function in vehicle lights bulbs 01 includes:

• at least one LED 02 as the light source, and
• a manufactured in multi-component injection molding optical fiber sheet 03 with two opposite, interconnected by a circumferential narrow side 30 luminous surfaces 31, at one or more parts of the narrow side 30 of the at least one LED 02 emitted light is irradiated.

The optical waveguide sheet 03 of the illuminant 01 comprises at least one Lichtleitkörperpartie 33 preferably also referred to as a Klartakt Lichtleitkörperpartie 33 in the multi-component injection molding and at least one due to the integral production preferably in multi-component injection molding also referred to as a diffuse-cycle volume spreader 35th

In other words, the optical waveguide sheet 03 comprises at least one Klartakt for a Lichtleitkörperpartie 33, at least one Diffustakt for a volume spreader section 35 and, if necessary, at least one Opakttakt for Opakpartie 37, for example, to hide directly from the LED 02 emitted light and / or structures in one or to introduce both opposing luminous surfaces 31 of the optical waveguide sheet 03.

At least on the flank side of the diffuse cycle encompassed by the narrow side 30, additional LEDs 02 can be attached, which radiate directly into the diffuse cycle.

The edge-side LED coupling surface of the Klartaktes can be planar, spherical or designed as a freeform surface.

All or one Tel of the surfaces of the light guide sheet 03 may be additionally grained.

The individual cycles can also be connected by means of adhesive. The Klartakt and the Diffustakt preferably with an optical adhesive with a comparable refractive index. Thus, the optical waveguide sheet 03 does not necessarily have to be molded in one piece or as one part in two- or multi-component injection molding technology.

The Klartakt can be round or polygonal in cross section.

The Klartakt can be unilaterally or completely metallized.

The diffuse cycle can be metallized on one side on the front side in order to decouple the light only at the front or rear. This increases the luminance and intensity in this direction.

The light surfaces 31 forming and / or at least comprehensive end faces of the light guide sheet 03 need not force to be plane-parallel, but can over the longest extent of the narrow side 30 corresponding longitudinal side tapered.

In Diffustakt, for example, for design purposes generally referred to as a recess 04 openings and / or openings can be introduced, as in Fig. 7 for a arranged in the volume spreader section 35 or provided recess 04 shown.

Accordingly, at least the volume spreader section 35 may have a recess 04.

The recess 04 can be formed or produced by engraving.

Accordingly, at least on the volume spreader 35 an engraving and / or be applied.

If necessary, the optical waveguide sheet 03 may comprise at least one opaque section 37, also referred to as an opaque cycle due to the preferred one-piece production, for example to conceal light emitted directly by the LED 02 and / or structures in one or both opposing luminous surfaces 31 of the optical waveguide sheet 03 to introduce.

For example, in the optionally provided recess 04, an opaque section 37 may be arranged as a separate part or integrally in multi-component injection molding technology, as in FIG Fig. 8 for a recess 04 with an opaque section 37 arranged in it.

In the recesses of the engraving or in the recess formed by the engraving 04, a material may be introduced, which either prevents the light emission in the engraving, thereby making the engraving visible in otherwise surrounding luminous surface 31, as for example by a in the Opaque section 37 arranged by means of the engraving can be the case, or it amplifies the light emission in the region of the engraving, in order to make visible or highlight the engraving by brighter light emission than in the surrounding luminous surface 31.

It is also possible to individualize the light guide sheets 03 of light sources 01 by engraving one or both light surfaces 31 in smaller numbers.

Likewise, the light guide sheets 03 can also be printed or embossed on the end faces, which leads to great flexibility in production.

The luminous surfaces 31 of the optical waveguide sheet 03 can be subdivided into two or more luminous surface areas 32 by one or more separating surfaces 39, also referred to as separators ( Fig. 1 ).

Furthermore, animated light functions and / or differently colored and / or differently bright light functions can participate in by the luminous surfaces 31 of the light guide sheet 03 into a plurality of luminous surface areas 32 dividing and a crosstalk of light between the luminous surface parts 32 separating surfaces 39 in conjunction with more than one LED 02 only one light source 01 with a light guide sheet 03 can be realized.

The optionally provided Opakpartie 37 may hereafter include the separating surfaces 39.

The optional opaktakt can decouple individual light segments 32, also referred to as segments, as light-impermeable separator. These can be individually controlled via one of the luminous area 32 associated LED 02.

It is important to emphasize that the parting surfaces 39 can be arranged in the volume spreader section 35 and / or in the light guide part 33 and / or between the light guide part 33 and the volume spreader part 35.

Additional optional, not designed as breakthrough beads 34 at the end face in the transition region from Klartakt to the diffuse cycle can control the light input into the diffuse cycle ( Fig. 1 ).

Optionally, the opaque act may also include, as a design component, a mask, such as a frame and / or a structure, such as an engraving. About this also optionally provided separators can be optically laminated.

Alternatively, this mask can also be applied inexpensively as a print or hot stamp on the lens of a vehicle lamp and / or on one or both luminous surfaces 31 of the optical waveguide sheet 03.

The at least one LED 02 as a light source can be connected directly to the light guide sheet 03. For example, the optical waveguide sheet 03 may be molded onto the LED 02 or the LED 02 may be encapsulated by the optical waveguide sheet 03.

In the Lichtleitkörperpartie 33 each their light via the Lichtleitkörperpartie 33 in the light guide sheet 03 einkoppelnden LED 02 each have a collimator optics 36 may be provided ( Fig. 2 ).

In Fig. 3 is a view opposite to the main radiation direction with exemplary, in Fig. 3 represented by arrows S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7 indicated beam paths of the coupled by two LEDs 02 via the Lichtleitkörperpartie 33 in the optical waveguide sheet 03 light. In this case, a light pipe and light deflection takes place in the volume spreader section 35 in the Lichtleitkörperpartie 33 and a substantially in the normal on the image plane in Fig. 3 Upstream main emission taking place light extraction from the optical waveguide sheet 03 in the volume spreader 35th

The volume spreader section 35 can be made crystal clear or diffuse.

An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that a conductor carrier 05 is part of the light source 01, via which the at least one LED 02 is electrically contacted ( Fig. 4 . Fig. 5 . Fig. 6 . Fig. 10 . Fig. 11 . Fig. 12 ).

Widest common conductor carriers 05 are rigid printed circuit boards, which are referred to briefly as printed circuit board, printed circuit board or printed circuit board (PCB).

A printed circuit board is a carrier for electronic components. It serves for mechanical fastening and electrical connection. Almost every electronic device contains one or more printed circuit boards.

Another possibility for mechanical fastening and electrical connection of electronic components are injection-molded circuit carriers produced in MID technology (MID technology: Molded-Interconnect-Device technology). In this case, the electrical connections of an electronic component, for example by surface mounting technology, through-hole mounting technology or by wire or ACF bonding to be contacted traces in an injection molded part, which also serves as a carrier of the one or more electronic components, integrated in the injection molding process.

The conductor carrier 05 may be molded or heat staked.

Alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that the conductor carrier 05 is screwed to the light guide sheet 03 and / or clipped into the light guide sheet 03 and / or the light guide sheet 03 is clipped into the conductor carrier 05.

The connection of the electronics represented by the conductor carrier 05 can take place in different positions.

In Fig. 5 is a formed by a small board possible conductor carrier 05 90 ° to the optical guide sheet 03rd

In Fig. 6 is a formed by a circuit board carrier 05 in the same orientation as the light guide sheet 03rd

At least on a luminous surface 31, a frame 06 may be arranged, as in Fig. 9 shown. It shows Fig. 9 a light guide sheet 03 with a recess 04 forming engraving and on the viewer facing, in the main emission direction front side luminous surface 31 frame 06th

The luminous surfaces 31 of the optical waveguide sheet 03 may be curved in two or more dimensions.

In contrast to the OLEDs currently available for the automotive sector, LED technology allows the implementation of 2.5D and 3D light guide sheets 03. This is not yet possible with OLEDs for the automotive sector.

Fig. 10 shows an embodiment of a light guide sheet 03 with two and a half-curved light-emitting surface 31st

Fig. 11 shows an embodiment of a light guide sheet 03 with three-dimensionally curved and twisted luminous surfaces 31st

In order to simplify the assembly, the lighting means 01 can comprise latching means 07 ( Fig. 12 ).

The locking means 07 are preferably arranged on the light guide sheet 03.

The latching means 07 may include hooks, projections, rear grips and the like.

For example, the locking means may be formed in the optional Opakpartie 37.

The light source 01 has hereafter advantageously latching means 07, which can be arranged with a arranged approximately in a lamp housing, corresponding locking means, such as locking lugs, rear grips, etc. a snap connection.

For example, the Opaktakt can therefore also be provided to form latching means 07 which can enter into a snap-in connection with approximately corresponding arranged in a lamp housing, corresponding locking means, such as locking lugs, Hintergreifungen, etc.

It is conceivable, for example, a in Fig. 12 illustrated hook system in which the light source 01 is first hung with a locking means formed as a hook 07 on a vehicle lamp side pin 08 and then around this pin 08 as in Fig. 12 is pivoted by an arrow V, until a designed as a latching nose second locking means 72 is locked in a vehicle light side rear engagement.

An optionally present interconnect carrier 05 may in this case be provided with the vehicle luminaire-side electrical contacting of the one or more LEDs 02 of the illuminant 01 serving exposed interconnect surfaces 50, which are for example by means of vehicle lamp side contact wings tool-free to make electrical contact suitable.

The optical waveguide sheet 03 advantageously has dimensions in the order of magnitude of an OLED having a thickness of at most 3 mm, particularly preferably of at most 2 mm, and dimensions of its luminous surfaces 31 of at most 200 mm × 300 mm.

At least the volume spreader section 35, a transparent plate 09, for example, be arranged plane-parallel to the luminous surfaces 31 of the optical waveguide sheet 03 spaced around an air gap 10 ( Fig. 13 . Fig. 14 ).

The transparent plate 09 is preferably a diffuser plate.

Thereafter, on the at least the volume spreader section 35 and the Lichtleitkörperpartie 33 comprehensive Lichtleitkörper 03 frontally a plate 09 are additionally applied. This plate 09 is intended to further homogenize the light. Between the light guide body 03 and the plate 09, which is designed, for example, as a diffuser plate, the smallest possible air gap 10 is preferably provided in order to efficiently guide the light in the light guide body 03.

The diffuser plate can be applied to the light guide body, for example, by friction welding, the welding surface is, for example, a narrow peripheral edge 11 (FIG. Fig. 14 ).

On at least one of the luminous surfaces 31 and / or in the volume spreader section 35 of the optical waveguide sheet 03, decoupling prisms 12 may be arranged ( Fig. 14 . Fig. 15 . Fig. 16 ).

The decoupling prisms 12 are preferably on the in Fig. 14 for example, indicated by an arrow P indicated main emission direction opposite luminous surface 31.

If the illuminant 01 has a plate 09 described above, for example designed as a diffuser plate, the decoupling prisms 12 may alternatively or additionally be arranged on and / or in such a plate 12.

At the narrow side 30 of the light guide sheet 03, which is also referred to as the flank side, additional LEDs 02 can be attached, which radiate directly into the light guide sheet 03.

It is important to emphasize that reflection of reflections of, for example, a part of at least one luminous area 31 enhances the perceived value of the luminous means 01, which is also referred to as an LED blade and which comprises the optical waveguide sheet 03.

In summary, the invention can be realized by one or more LEDs 02 as light sources comprehensive bulbs 01 with a light guide sheet 03 of multi-component work (art) fabric, the light guide sheet 03 from a well-called Klartakt component clearly transparent, one as a diffuse cycle designated, a volume spreader forming component diffusely scattering and optionally opaque to a component also referred to as Opaktakt consists, plus the corresponding electronic component, which in Fig. 1 . Fig. 2 . Fig. 3 . Fig. 4 . Fig. 5 . Fig. 6 . Fig. 7 . Fig. 8 . Fig. 9 . Fig. 10 . Fig. 11 . Fig. 12 . Fig. 13 . Fig. 14 . Fig. 15 . Fig. 16 simplified mostly on one or more LEDs 02 is shown reduced.

The photoconductive plastics of the optical waveguide sheet 03 preferably have an identical optical refractive index.

The Klartakt is molded longitudinally on the thin side of the diffusion clock and encloses this partially or completely.

At the Klartakt LEDs 02 are mounted as light sources, which feed the flank side, the light in the Klartakt.

Preferably deflecting elements are attached to the Klartakt longitudinally above and / or below, which deflect the light preferably by total reflection in the direction of the diffusion clock.

These deflectors are designed so that they register the light evenly over the entire length of the diffuse clock.

The light is transmitted in the diffuse cycle and scattered in all directions. After that, the diffusion clock forms a volume spreader formed by and / or encompassed by the volume spreader section 35. The example in Fig. 14 indicated by an arrow P, also referred to as Hauptauskoppelrichtung main radiation direction of the scattered light is the front side behind and front via the luminous surfaces 31 of the optical waveguide sheet 03rd

For example, the end faces formed by the luminous surfaces 31 and formed by the large exit surfaces in the diffuse cycle may be arranged parallel to one another.

The invention provides an LED illuminant as a cost-effective and stable alternative to OLEDs.

The light source 01 has the appearance of an OLED, without having to accept their disadvantages in terms of temperature sensitivity and high unit costs.

It is much easier to handle both in terms of risk of breakage, as well as with regard to pressure loads.

Comparatively inexpensive inserts in the tool allow a significant change in the appearance of the light guide sheet. In the case of OLEDs, a completely new OLED would have to be produced for comparably high unit costs, which would also have an effect on the number of OLEDs remaining in decreasing quantities.

Replacement of OLEDs by the proposed illuminant 01 will result in anticipated cost savings of up to 80% in the current selection criteria for OLEDs for automotive applications.

It can be seen that the invention can also be implemented by a vehicle lamp with a previously described light source for fulfilling at least one light function of the vehicle lamp.

The vehicle lamp comprises, for example, a luminaire interior substantially enclosed by a luminaire housing and a lens, and at least one light source accommodating at least one light source housed therein for at least one light function of the vehicle luminaire.

At least one of the optionally provided for fulfilling or contributing to a fulfillment of each of a light function of the vehicle lamp bulbs is a lighting means described above.

Advantages over the prior art are an optically similar appearance and functionality of the illuminant as in an OLED, using the robust, mature, automotive-proven and inexpensive LED technology. So far, no car light is known that uses this principle.

The LED Blade variant made it possible to change the appearance even with changing inserts in the tool with moderate effort.

The illuminant 01 and / or the vehicle luminaire may alternatively or additionally comprise individual or a combination of several in the context of the prior art and / or in one or more of the documents mentioned in the prior art and / or features mentioned in the preceding description.

Alternatively or additionally, the light source 01 may have individual or a combination of the features described above in connection with the vehicle lamp, just as the vehicle light may have and / or implement individual or a combination of a plurality of features previously described in connection with the light source 01.

The invention is not limited by the description with reference to the embodiments. Rather, the invention encompasses any novel feature as well as any combination of features, including in particular any combination of features in the claims, even if that feature or combination itself is not explicitly stated in the claims or embodiments.

The invention is particularly industrially applicable in the field of manufacturing vehicle lights, in particular motor vehicle lights.

The invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or changes may be made to the invention without departing from the scope of the following claims.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

01

Lamp

02

LED

03

Light guide sheet

04

recess

05

Conductor carrier

06

frame

07

latching means

08

spigot

09

plate

10

air gap

11

edge

12

outcoupling prisms

30

narrow side

31

light area

32

Luminous area game

33

Lichtleitkörperpartie

34

Beading

35

Volume scattering game

36

collimator optics

37

Opakpartie

39

interface

50

Wiring area

71

first locking means

72

second locking means

P

arrow

S1

arrow

S2

arrow

S3

arrow

S4

arrow

S5

arrow

S6

arrow

S7

arrow

V

arrow

Claims (19)

Illuminant (01) for vehicle lights, comprising: - At least one LED (02) as a light source, and - A light guide sheet (03) with two opposite, by a circumferential narrow side (30) interconnected luminous surfaces (31), at one or more parts of the narrow side (30) of the at least one LED (02) emitted light is irradiated, wherein the light guide sheet (03) comprises at least one Lichtleitkörperpartie (33) and at least one Volumenstreuerpartie (35). Illuminant according to claim 1, wherein the light guide sheet (03) comprises at least one Opakpartie (37). Illuminant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least one LED (02) directly connected to the light guide sheet (03). Illuminant according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the volume spreader section (35) is made crystal clear or diffuse Illuminant according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a conductor track carrier (05) is part of the luminous means (01), via which the at least one LED (02) is electrically contacted. Illuminant according to claim 5, wherein the conductor carrier (05) is injection-molded or hot-caulked. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the luminous surfaces (31) of the light guide sheet (03) are subdivided by one or more separating surfaces (39) into two or more luminous surface portions (32). Illuminant according to claim 7, wherein the parting surfaces (39) in the volume spreader section (35) and / or in the Lichtleitkörperpartie (33) are arranged. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein it has latching means (07, 71, 72). Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the luminous surfaces (31) of the optical waveguide sheet (03) are designed to be curved in two or more dimensions. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the light guide sheet (03) has a thickness of at most 3 mm and dimensions of its luminous surfaces (31) of at most 200 mm x 300 mm. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least the volume spreader section (35) has a recess (04). Illuminant according to claim 12, wherein in the recess (04) a Opakpartie (37) is arranged as a separate part or integrally in multi-component injection molding technology. Illuminant according to claim 12, wherein in the recess (04) a light-emitting material amplifying material is introduced. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least on a luminous surface (31) a frame (06) is arranged. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least the volume spreader section (35) has a transparent plate (09) pre-set around an air gap (10). The illuminant of claim 16, wherein the transparent plate (09) is a diffuser plate. Illuminant according to one of the preceding claims, wherein on at least one of the luminous surfaces (31) and / or in the volume spreader section (35) of the Light guide sheet (03) and / or in the plate (09) decoupling prisms (12) are arranged. Vehicle lamp with a light source (01) comprising at least one light source (02) for at least one light function, comprising a light source (01) according to one of the preceding claims.

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