EP3547041A2 - Zeitmesser, der einen mechanischen oszillator umfasst - Google Patents

Zeitmesser, der einen mechanischen oszillator umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3547041A2
EP3547041A2 EP19165050.6A EP19165050A EP3547041A2 EP 3547041 A2 EP3547041 A2 EP 3547041A2 EP 19165050 A EP19165050 A EP 19165050A EP 3547041 A2 EP3547041 A2 EP 3547041A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
balance
frame
escape wheel
spiral spring
oscillation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19165050.6A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3547041B1 (de
EP3547041A3 (de
Inventor
Fabien Droz-Dit-Busset
Florent Cosandier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Centre Suisse dElectronique et Microtechnique SA CSEM
Original Assignee
Centre Suisse dElectronique et Microtechnique SA CSEM
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Centre Suisse dElectronique et Microtechnique SA CSEM filed Critical Centre Suisse dElectronique et Microtechnique SA CSEM
Publication of EP3547041A2 publication Critical patent/EP3547041A2/de
Publication of EP3547041A3 publication Critical patent/EP3547041A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3547041B1 publication Critical patent/EP3547041B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/063—Balance construction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements
    • G04B15/08—Lever escapements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/26—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of variations of the impulses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/20—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/28—Compensation of mechanisms for stabilising frequency for the effect of imbalance of the weights, e.g. tourbillon
    • G04B17/285—Tourbillons or carrousels

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a sprung-type timepiece with a spiral spring and a balance.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for wristwatches but can also be applied to other time measuring mechanisms such as table clocks, wall clocks and other instruments fulfilling the function of timepieces.
  • CH 709 277 / EP 3,347,725 describe a revolving escapement, to maintain the oscillation of a monolithic oscillator (inertia elasticity).
  • the relaxation is also monolithic.
  • the impulse is given by a direct couple. It is the axis of the balance that receives the engine torque directly.
  • the trigger releases this engine torque. It is a oscillator on flexible pivot whose little amplitude of operation makes it possible to eliminate the risks of gallop (breaks of teeth of the trigger, with the level of the escape wheel) and thus to solve the principal disadvantage relaxing escapements in a watch.
  • EP 1097 408 B1 describes a constant-balance sprung type time indicator with a spiral spring and a balance.
  • An oscillation of the balance is maintained through an escapement mobile by moving an attachment point of the spiral spring at the moment of passage to the pulse point of the oscillator, resulting in a circular movement of the point of attachment of the spiral spring around the axis of the oscillator and causing a rotation of the pendulum-spiral-exhaust assembly.
  • an end of the spiral spring, the inner end is fixed by a fixing bolt to the mobile exhaust.
  • the other end of the spiral spring, the outer end is fixed to the balance.
  • the mounting bolt of the spiral spring being secured to the escape wheel, it transmits to the spiral spring the angular movement of which it has just been animated, storing a potential energy in the spiral spring which will initiate the oscillation of the balance.
  • the object of this invention is to provide a mechanical timepiece of the sprung-balance type, comprising a spiral spring, a rocker and an escapement mechanism connected by a point of attachment to the spiral spring and arranged to maintain an oscillation of the balance. which has minimal perturbation on its reference oscillator and the frequency of the oscillator is more stable and the measurement of time more accurate.
  • the invention thus relates to a mechanical timepiece of the sprung-balance type of the aforementioned type, in whichexhaust mechanism is connected to the point of attachment of the spiral spring by a part hereinafter referred to as a frame, the frame being pivoted around the axis of the balance; an outer end of the spiral spring is attached to this frame and the escapement mechanism is also integral with the frame and acts on the rotated frame to rotate and thereby rotate the attached end of the spiral spring.
  • the balance is mounted on and coaxial with a fixed ring gear, and the frame carries a satellite wheel which engages with said ring gear and which is driven step by step by the escape wheel.
  • the chassis comprises two branches extending on either side of a disk coaxial with the balance and forming a rotating plate whose axis of rotation is coincident (coaxial) with the axis of oscillation of the balance.
  • the exhaust mechanism advantageously comprises an exhaust lever pivoting between a rest position engaging with the escape wheel and a release position of the escape wheel.
  • this exhaust lever has a short inner arm with an engagement tooth that engages with the escape wheel, and a long outer arm located in the path of a pulse element. integral with the balance, which pulse element during the oscillation of the balance comes to move the exhaust lever from its rest position to its release position.
  • the exhaust lever is pivotally mounted to the outer end of an arm that extends, integral and coplanar with the frame, from the axis of the satellite wheel and the escape wheel to the outside and beyond or below the periphery of the pendulum.
  • the outer end of the spiral spring is attached to one end of the frame by a pin which extends vertically between the plane of the crosspiece and the plane of the spiral spring, the plane of the spiral spring being disposed between the plane of the crosspiece, or frame, and the pendulum.
  • the invention also relates to a timepiece, such as a wristwatch, a table clock or a wall clock, comprising a timepiece as described.
  • the invention makes it possible to reduce simultaneously the influence of several sources of disturbances resulting from the counting of the number of oscillations of the balance (by reduction of the number of interactions per cycle), the maintenance of its amplitude as well as the influence of the orientation of the oscillator in the gravitational field.
  • the invention combines the advantages of a detent escapement with the displacement of the point of attachment of the spring of the reference oscillator and the use of a sun gear acting as a vortex.
  • the invention benefits from the principle of the detent escapement.
  • the detent escapement is known to have a reduced influence on the regular running of the timepiece compared to other traditional exhausts.
  • the invention introduces a variant of the detent escapement which further reduces its influence by eliminating or at least reducing the need for the impulse shock used to maintain the amplitude of oscillation.
  • the present invention is a particular application of the family of tourbillon timepieces used in other forms as early as the 18th century.
  • the oscillator and the escapement perform a complete rotation in a few tens of seconds in the same plane as the oscillator.
  • the oscillator is minimally disturbed. Indeed, the transfer to the escape mechanism of a portion of the energy of the oscillation system necessary for the release of the teeth of the escape wheel influences the operation of the oscillator only once per cycle, which makes it possible to have a lessened disturbance of the oscillator's progress.
  • the influence of counting the number of oscillations on a traditional mechanism with anchor escapement induces two disturbances per cycle of the oscillator.
  • the displacement of the bolt in place of or in addition to the impetus given by the traditional escapement mechanism ensures a maintenance of the amplitude of oscillation without there being, or at least in reducing the disturbing shock of the operation of the oscillator.
  • a weak point of the detent escapement is the risk of a release of a too long duration of the trigger which can then cause the release of several teeth of the escape wheel (gallop).
  • the mechanism as described in the present invention avoids this problem because the escape wheel is slowed by the inertia of the chassis and the trigger thus has time to resume its position in time and avoid legalop.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that the oscillator and the escape mechanism make a complete revolution in a few tens of seconds on themselves in the plane of the oscillator thanks to the planetary device, and thus average the negative influences of the imbalance of the pendulum when the plane of oscillation of the pendulum is not perpendicular to the gravitational field.
  • the energy transmitted to the oscillator by the displacement of the point of attachment of the spiral is constant and depends on the distance of the displacement of the peak which is constant.
  • the energy transmitted to the oscillator for maintaining its amplitude by this displacement no longer depends on the force of the barrel as soon as this force is sufficient to ensure the displacement of the bolt.
  • the figure 1 illustrates, by way of example, a mechanical timepiece according to the invention of the sprung-balance type, comprising a spiral spring 10, a rocker 20 and an escapement escapement mechanism 30 connected by a point of attachment to the spring spiral and arranged to maintain an oscillation of the balance.
  • the detent escapement mechanism 30 is connected to the point of attachment 12 of the spiral spring 10 by a frame 40 which pivots about the axis A of the balance.
  • An outer end 12 of the spiral spring 10 is attached to this frame 40 at a location on one side of the balance axis A, the inner end of the spiral spring 10 being fixed towards the center of the balance 20.
  • the mechanism Expansion escapement 30 is located on the other side of the pendulum axis A and acts on the pivoting frame 40 to rotate it about the axis A and thus rotate about the axis A attached end 12 of the spiral spring 10.
  • the rocker 20 is mounted on, and coaxial with, a fixed ring gear 22 having an internal toothing 46, and the frame 40 carries, on the other side of the balance axis A, a satellite gear 42 which engages with said ring gear. 22 and which is driven step-by-step by the escapement escapement mechanism 30.
  • the frame 40 has several branches extending on either side of the axis of rotation of the balance 20 at an angle of about 120 °.
  • the frame 40 forms a turntable whose axis of rotation coincides with the axis of rotation A of the balance 20.
  • the timepiece according to the invention comprises an escape wheel 32 coaxial and integral with the satellite pinion 42.
  • the exhaust escapement mechanism 30 comprises an exhaust body 39 pivoting between a rest position engaging with the escape wheel 32 and a release position of the exhaust wheel 32.
  • This exhaust body rotated 39 comprises a short inner arm with a rest plane 37 which engages with the escape wheel 32, and a stop 38 located in the trajectory of a pulse pin 24 secured in oscillation with the balance 20 , which impulse pin 24 during the oscillation of the rocker 20 moves the exhaust lever 36/37/38/39 from its rest position to its disengaged position.
  • the exhaust body 39 is pivotally mounted at one of the outer ends of the frame 40.
  • the outer end 12 of the spiral spring 10 is attached to one end of the frame 40 by a pin 14 which extends vertically between the plane of the frame 40 and the plane of the spiral spring 10.
  • the figure 1 illustrates the timepiece in its position where the impulse pin 24 advancing (oscillation of the pendulum 20 in the opposite direction of the clockwise in the drawing) leaves the body 'exhaust 39 in its rest position with the plane resting 37 in engagement against the escape wheel 32 to lock it and the planet pinion 42. Then the balance 20 continues its oscillation in this direction, then reverses its direction of oscillation.
  • the pulse pin 24, swinging in the clockwise direction strikes the end of the stop of the flexible blade 38, the exhaust body 39 moves and releases the tooth 37 from engagement with the escape wheel 32 which is free to rotate and the planet pinion 42 rotates with the escape wheel 32 and moves the chassis 40.
  • the pulse pin 24 at the passage in front of the trigger, flexed the flexible expansion blade 36 and passes the end of the stop of the flexible flashing blade 38 without disengage the escape wheel 32, arriving at the illustrated starting position, and so on.
  • the concept described is based on a traditional balance-balance oscillator.
  • the entire mechanism is based on the chassis 40 whose axis of rotation coincides with the axis of rotation of the balance 20.
  • the planet pinion 42 engages with the planetary ring 22.
  • the expansion exhaust 30, the wheel of Exhaust 32, the satellite wheel 42, the bracket 14 of the spring spiral spring 10 are all adjacent to the satellite chassis.
  • the planet pinion 42 and the escape wheel 32 are integral.
  • the planet ring 22 is fixed (does not oscillate, does not rotate). A rotation torque is exerted on the chassis pinion 45 ( figure 2 ). This torque tends to rotate the planet gear 42 and thus the chassis.
  • the planet pinion 42 is retained in its rotation by the blocking of the escape wheel 32 by the expansion mechanism 30.
  • the rotation of the escape wheel 32 is possible only once per oscillation cycle of the balance wheel 20 when it releases the trigger mechanism 30.
  • the planet carrier plate can rotate whose amplitude depends on the ratio of the number of teeth of the different wheels. This rotation will cause a displacement of the peak 14 to ensure or contribute to maintaining the amplitude of oscillation of the balance 29.
  • the trigger mechanism therefore does not necessarily act on the balance 20 to maintain its amplitude of oscillation by an action as in the case of a traditional expansion escapement.
  • the arm comprising the rest plane 37, pushed by the escape wheel 32 can be extended so that the detent mechanism also acts on the impulse pin.
  • the energy transmitted to the balance to maintain its amplitude is then distributed between the displacement of the peak and the pulse of the extended arm of the trigger.
  • the chassis pinion 45 ( figure 2 ) also makes a rotation which counts the number of oscillation cycles performed by the balance 20.
  • the angle of rotation of the planet carrier can be calculated to ensure an optimum amplitude of the rotation angle of the balance 20 in steady state.
  • a wheel train links a cylinder (not shown) which provides the torque on the planet pinion 42 by the chassis pinion 45 and the ratio of the wheel teeth, it is possible to obtain an appropriate rotation speed for each of 'between them to display, for example, hour, minute and second or other measures of time.
  • the figure 3 illustrates another embodiment of a mechanical timepiece according to the invention of the sprung-balance type, comprising a spiral spring 10, a rocker 20 and a trigger escapement mechanism 30 connected by a point of attachment to the spiral spring and arranged to maintain oscillation of the balance.
  • the escapement escapement mechanism 30 is connected to the point of attachment 12 of the spiral spring 10 by a transverse piece 40 which pivots about the axis A of the balance.
  • An outer end 12 of the spiral spring 10 is attached to this crosspiece 40 at a location on one side of the balance axis A, the inner end of the spiral spring 10 being fixed towards the center of the balance 20.
  • the mechanism Exhaust exhaust 30 is located on the other side of the balance axis A and acts on the pivoting crosspiece 40 to rotate it about the axis A and thus rotate about the axis A the attached end 12 of the spiral spring 10.
  • the rocker 20 is mounted on, and coaxial with, a stationary gear 22 having an external toothing, and the transverse piece 40 carries, on the other side of the balance axis A, a satellite gear 42 which engages with said crown. 22 and which is driven step-by-step by the escapement escapement mechanism 30.
  • the crosspiece 40 has two branches extending on either side of a disc 44 coaxial with the balance 20.
  • This disc 44 forms with the transverse part 40 a frame or a turntable whose axis of rotation coincides with the axis of rotation of the balance 20.
  • the timepiece according to the invention comprises an escape wheel 32 which is coaxial and integral with the satellite wheel 42.
  • the detent escapement mobile could be replaced by another exhaust device.
  • the timepiece has two types of impulse.
  • a first type of pulse occurs when the oscillation amplitude of the balance is low. It is a direct impulse of a tooth of the escape wheel 52 which acts on an additional pin 48.
  • the inertia of the mobile escape wheel added to the inertia of the mobile frame as well as the engine torque are chosen such that this type of pulse occurs only when the speed of passage of the balance is relatively low, or when the amplitude of said balance is low.
  • the escape wheel can no longer catch the pendulum during its acceleration phase and no longer comes into contact with the additional dowel 48. thus more shock disrupting the oscillation frequency of the balance.
  • the escape wheel has a clearance plane 50 on its teeth interacting with the short arm of the trigger.
  • This release plan prevents a quick return of the trigger after release. Indeed, during the passage of the rocker in the direction of the release of the trigger, the balance pivots the trigger through his ankle, the spout of the tooth of the escape wheel leaves the rest plane of the trigger it arrives on the inclined plane 54 of the trigger and rotates the latter so as to let the balance.
  • the latter being of much lower inertia than the pendulum, it tends to return to its initial position too quickly with the risk of interacting again with the peg of the pendulum. There is thus a risk of multiple contacts between the long arm of the trigger and the rocker arm which is not desirable.
  • the escape wheel is provided with a disengagement plane 50, provided so that the trigger is maintained in its passing position, the time that the balance is released.
  • the release of the balance is guaranteed by the interaction between a tooth of the escape wheel 52 and the additional peg 48 whose angle it forms with the rocker peg has been established for this purpose.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
  • Electric Clocks (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
EP19165050.6A 2018-03-27 2019-03-25 Zeitmesser, der einen mechanischen oszillator umfasst Active EP3547041B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00407/18A CH714839A1 (fr) 2018-03-27 2018-03-27 Garde-temps comportant un oscillateur mécanique.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3547041A2 true EP3547041A2 (de) 2019-10-02
EP3547041A3 EP3547041A3 (de) 2019-10-09
EP3547041B1 EP3547041B1 (de) 2024-05-01

Family

ID=65991540

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19165050.6A Active EP3547041B1 (de) 2018-03-27 2019-03-25 Zeitmesser, der einen mechanischen oszillator umfasst

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US (1) US11435697B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3547041B1 (de)
CH (1) CH714839A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4099100A1 (de) * 2021-06-02 2022-12-07 The Swatch Group Research and Development Ltd Uhrwerk, das mit einem oszillator ausgestattet ist, der eine piezoelektrische spirale enthält

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1103871A1 (de) * 1999-09-02 2001-05-30 Creaholic S.A. Mechanisch geregelte Zeitanzeigevorrichtung
WO2001059529A1 (fr) * 2000-02-08 2001-08-16 Wacht-U-License Ag Indicateur de temps a regulation mecanique
DE502004010073D1 (de) * 2003-05-02 2009-10-29 Watch U Licence Ag Doppelseitiger tourbillon
EP3182216B1 (de) * 2015-12-18 2019-08-28 Montres Breguet S.A. Gekoppelte oszillatoren einer uhr

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3547041B1 (de) 2024-05-01
CH714839A1 (fr) 2019-09-30
US11435697B2 (en) 2022-09-06
US20190324399A1 (en) 2019-10-24
EP3547041A3 (de) 2019-10-09

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