EP3545186A1 - Injecteur de carburant - Google Patents
Injecteur de carburantInfo
- Publication number
- EP3545186A1 EP3545186A1 EP17797971.3A EP17797971A EP3545186A1 EP 3545186 A1 EP3545186 A1 EP 3545186A1 EP 17797971 A EP17797971 A EP 17797971A EP 3545186 A1 EP3545186 A1 EP 3545186A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- needle
- injector
- shaft
- channel
- section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
- F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
- F02M51/061—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means
- F02M51/0625—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures
- F02M51/0664—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding
- F02M51/0671—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto
- F02M51/0682—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle using electromagnetic operating means characterised by arrangement of mobile armatures having a cylindrically or partly cylindrically shaped armature, e.g. entering the winding; having a plate-shaped or undulated armature entering the winding the armature having an elongated valve body attached thereto the body being hollow and its interior communicating with the fuel flow
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/20—Closing valves mechanically, e.g. arrangements of springs or weights or permanent magnets; Damping of valve lift
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a fuel injector more
- the injector itself being provided with a nozzle whose needle is directly open or closed by a coil electromagnetic actuator.
- a prior art fuel injector includes a coil actuator and a magnetic armature acting directly on a valve member also called a needle to open or close fuel injection holes.
- Such an injector imposes a needle that is hydraulically balanced, or almost balanced, so that the relatively weak force exerted by the solenoid actuator is sufficient to move said needle.
- the needle is slidable within a bore of an injector nozzle body, wherein one end of the needle is sealingly provided with a nozzle seat provided on an inner surface of the bore of the nozzle body, to control the supply of fuel through injection holes located through the wall of the nozzle body.
- the fuel is at high pressure and flows into the injector from the inlet channel to the injection holes.
- the pressure exerted on the nozzle seat creates deformations that generate variations in fuel pressure distribution in the injection holes and furthermore the opening pressure of the needle in the control chamber varies at a given pressure.
- Direct action technology aims to reduce early drift but does not completely eliminate it.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a solution that overcomes these disadvantages.
- the present invention aims to remedy the disadvantages mentioned above by proposing a simple and economical solution.
- the invention provides a fuel injector arranged to deliver high pressure fuel to an internal combustion engine via injection holes.
- the injector comprises an injector body extending according to a longitudinal axis a bore and a high pressure chamber and a slidably arranged needle in the bore between a top guide and a bottom guide.
- the needle extends between a first end provided with a valve plug and a second end provided with a through bore.
- the needle can move between an open position and a closed position.
- the injector further comprises a piston comprising a magnetic armature and a shaft extending along the longitudinal axis between a first end and a second remote end attached to the magnetic armature.
- the injector comprises an actuator comprising a fixed solenoid and generating, when it is electrically powered, an opening force on the magnetic armature and a return spring that generates a closing force on the piston when the solenoid is not energized. powered.
- the injector further comprises a high pressure channel extending between an inlet mouth of the injector and the injection holes, the high pressure channel comprising a first section extending in the needle, a second section s extending into the shaft and a third section extending into the frame.
- the injector further comprises the first end of the shaft is guided in the bore of the needle.
- the injector comprises a force amplifier arranged between the shaft and the needle, the piston moving under the action of an electromagnetic force generated by the solenoid as well as under the action of a force generated by the return spring so that the resultant of both forces is applied to the piston is transmitted and amplified to the needle.
- the force amplifier comprises a hydraulic amplification chamber defined in part by an annular shoulder of the piston shaft and by a thrust face of the second end of the needle, the said face thrust having an area greater than the area of the shoulder.
- the shaft further comprises a first damper arranged in the second section of the HP channel so that the first damper slows a pressure wave generated by the armature and allows to evacuate the overpressure to the first high pressure chamber.
- the first damper defines at least one calibrated hole forming a restriction between the high pressure channel and the first high pressure chamber.
- the shaft further comprises a second damper arranged in the second section of the HP channel, between the first high pressure chamber and a second high pressure chamber so that the second damper slows the movement of the frame.
- the second damper defines an annular space between a bore guiding the spring stop and an outer face of the shaft.
- the high-pressure channel is longitudinal, centered and traversing the reinforcement from one side to the other, traversing the shaft from one side to the other and passing through the needle, the HP channel being aligned between the reinforcement, the shaft and the bore of the needle so that the fuel flows between an inlet mouth of the injector and injection holes of the injector body.
- the blind bore of the needle opens into through and through holes in the bore of the nozzle body, the holes being remote from the shutter.
- the third section of the HP channel is through and inclined in the armature, the third section being opening into the second high pressure chamber.
- the HP channel extends over the second section of the shaft, the HP channel axially passing through the first section of the needle.
- the HP channel opens into the holes arranged close to the shutter.
- the third section of the HP channel is through and inclined in the armature, the third section being opening into the second high pressure chamber.
- the needle defines a length less than one length of the shaft and wherein the top guide is arranged near the bottom guide.
- the amplification chamber is arranged close to the shutter.
- the HP channel extends over the second section of the shaft and axially passes through the needle opening into the through holes and arranged close to the shutter.
- the third section of the HP channel is through and inclined in the armature, the third section being opening into the second high pressure chamber.
- the HP channel extends over the second section of the shaft and axially passes through the needle into the bore opening into the holes, the holes being through the bore of the nozzle body.
- FIG. 1 is a partial sectional view of an injector according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view of the amplification chamber
- FIG 3 is a partial sectional view of an injector according to a second embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a partial sectional view of an injector according to a third embodiment.
- FIG 5 is a partial sectional view of an injector according to a fourth embodiment. DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
- a fuel injector 10 shown in Figure 1 is briefly described so as to identify the major components.
- the injector 10 extends along a longitudinal principal axis X, and comprises from bottom to top, according to the conventional and non-limiting sense of the figures, a nozzle assembly 12 comprising a valve member 14 or commonly referred to as a needle 14 and a body nozzle 16, an actuator 18, a top guide 20, a piston 22 slidably arranged in the top guide 20 and a high pressure channel 24 also called HP channel 24.
- the injector body 16 is provided with a bore 26 extending along a longitudinal axis X, between a first end 28 provided with a seat 31, a bag 30 provided with a plurality of injection holes 32 and a second end 34 from which opens the bore 26.
- the needle 14 is slidably arranged in the nozzle body 16 between an open position and a closed position.
- the needle 14 extends along the X axis between a first end 36 provided with a valve shutter 38 commonly called shutter 38 and a second end 40 provided with a bore 42 opening longitudinal opening.
- the actuator 18 comprises a fixed solenoid 44 in the injector body 16, a nonmagnetic spacer 46 for magnetically isolating and aligning the injector body 16 with an injector body (not shown) comprising a high pressure connection (not shown) and a connector support (not shown).
- the top guide 20 is arranged in the injector body 16.
- the upper guide 20 cooperates with the piston 22 and the needle 14.
- the piston 22 comprises a magnetic armature 48 and a shaft 50 extending along the longitudinal axis X.
- the magnetic armature 48 is movable between a first position and a second position defined by the displacement the piston 22, the magnetic armature 48 cooperating with the solenoid 44.
- the shaft 50 comprises a first end 52 arranged in the bore 42 of the needle and a second end 54 attached to the magnetic armature 48.
- the piston 22 further comprises a spring seat 55 fixed to the shaft 50 to serve as a support for a return spring 58.
- the shaft 50 is guided both by the top guide 20 and by a spring stop 61 open in its center.
- the return spring 58 is arranged in a first high pressure chamber 59 between the seat 55 and the spring abutment 61.
- the spring abutment 61 is between the first high pressure chamber 59 and a second high pressure chamber 67.
- the high pressure channel 24 is arranged between an injector inlet mouth (not shown) and injection holes 32 so that the fuel flows through the injector 10 to deliver high pressure fuel to a motor. internal combustion.
- the high pressure channel 24 comprises a first section arranged 74 in the bore 42 of the needle, a second section 76 arranged in the shaft 50 and a third section 78 arranged in the frame 48.
- the high pressure channel 24 extends through the armature 48, the shaft 50 and into the needle 14.
- the injector 10 further comprises a force amplifier 56 arranged between the shaft 50 and the needle 14.
- the shaft 50 is slidably arranged in the bore 42 of the needle under the action of an electromagnetic force F1 (not shown) generated by the solenoid 44 as well as under the action of a force F2 (no
- the force amplifier 56 comprises a hydraulic amplification chamber 56 defined in part by an annular shoulder 60 of the shaft 50 of the piston, by a thrust face 62 of the second end 40 of the needle and by faces 63 of the top guide 20.
- the thrust face 62 has an area A62 greater than an area A60 of the shoulder 60.
- the amplification chamber 56 amplifies the resulting force Fr (not shown) of the electromagnetic force F1 (not shown) and of the force F2 (not shown) generated by the return spring and this in a ratio which corresponds to the ratio next :
- Ratio (Dn 2 -DP) / (From 2- PD)> 1 in which the following characteristics represent:
- Dn is the outside diameter of the needle 14
- D1 is the inner guide diameter of the shaft 50 measured at the first end of the shaft 50 in contact with the blind axial bore 42 of the needle.
- Du is the outside diameter of the shaft 50.
- the shaft 50 further comprises a first damper 64 arranged in the second section 76 of the HP channel 24 so that the first damper 64 slows a pressure wave generated by the frame 48 and then allows to evacuate the overpressure in the first high pressure chamber 59.
- the damper 64 is a restriction 64 which is arranged close to the first end 52 of the piston shaft.
- the restriction 64 is defined by at least one hole 64.
- the section (not shown) of the hole 64 being small, a single hole 64 is sufficient.
- the section (no shown) of the hole 64 by a plane orthogonal to a longitudinal axis (not shown) of the hole 64 is a circle whose center is located on the longitudinal axis (not shown) of the hole 64.
- the hole 64 has a diameter between 0 , 2 mm and 1 mm.
- the restriction 64 may be a plurality of holes 64.
- the section of the holes 64 is in this case larger than for a single hole.
- the diameter of the holes 64 is then between 1.5 mm to 3 mm approximately.
- the shaft 50 further comprises a second damper 66 arranged near the second end 54 of the shaft.
- the second damper 66 is arranged in the second section 76 of the HP channel 24.
- the second damper 66 is between the first high pressure chamber 59 and the second high pressure chamber 67.
- the second damper 66 defines a second damper 66.
- the second damper 66 is located between the movable magnetic armature 48 and the return spring 58 so that the second damper 66 forming a second restriction 66 slows the movement of the armature 48.
- the high pressure channel 24 is longitudinal, centered and traversing on either side of the armature 48, the shaft 50 and the needle 14.
- the HP channel 24 is aligned between the armature 48, the shaft 50 and the bore of the needle 42 so that the fuel flows between an inlet mouth of the injector (not shown) and injection holes 32 of the injector body.
- the needle 14 comprises a longitudinal recess 70 arranged on an outer surface 72 of the needle.
- the bottom guide 21 is a guide face arranged in a lower part of the bore 26 of the nozzle body in order to guide the shutter 38 as closely as possible to the seat 31 of the nozzle.
- the top guide 20 is arranged in the nozzle body 16.
- the bottom guide 20 is fixed and serves to guide the shaft 50 in the body 16.
- the complete assembly of the injector 10 consists in assembling together the actuator 18, the nozzle assembly 12, the top guide 20, the piston 22 and the injector bearing body (not shown) by means of a nut. 15. As described in FIG. 1, nut 15 is screwed onto the injector body (not shown).
- the third section 78 of the HP channel passes through a first face 84 and a second face 86.
- the third section 78 of the HP channel is inclined in the frame 48. angle of inclination between the longitudinal axis X and the third Section 78 is between 10 and 45 degrees.
- the third section 78 of the HP channel opens into the second high pressure chamber 67.
- the second section 76 of the HP channel extends over a portion of the shaft 50 between at least one hole 64 and the first section 74 of the HP channel.
- the first restriction 64 is at least one hole 64 arranged in the shaft 50.
- the hole 64 is opening on one side in the first high pressure chamber 59 and on the other side in the second section 76.
- the first section 74 of the HP channel extends axially inside the needle 14 and opens into a plurality of holes 80 arranged close to the shutter 38 of the needle.
- the first restriction 64 may be a plurality of holes 64.
- the third section 78 of the HP channel passes through a first face 84 and a second face 86.
- the third section 78 of the HP cala is inclined in the frame 48. angle of inclination between the longitudinal axis X and the third section 78 is between 10 and 45 degrees.
- the second section 76 of the HP channel extends over a portion of the shaft 50 between at least one hole 64 and the first section 74 of the HP channel.
- the shaft 50 has the length L50 greater than the length L14 of the needle 14.
- the plurality of holes 80 is arranged in a lower part of the shaft 50 and close to both the first end 52 and the shutter 38 of the needle.
- the top guide 20 is arranged close to the bottom guide 21.
- the third section 78 of the HP channel passes through the first face 84 and the second face 86.
- the third section 78 of the HP channel is inclined in the frame 48.
- the angle of inclination between the longitudinal axis X and the third section 78 is between 10 and 45 degrees.
- the difference with the first embodiment is that the third section 78 opens into the second high pressure chamber 67.
- the first and second dampers 64, 66 are arranged identically in the four embodiments.
- the injector 10 is arranged within a common rail type fuel injection equipment (not shown) supplying fuel with several injectors.
- a common rail type fuel injection equipment not shown
- the inlet mouth of the injector enters the pressurized fuel and, in diesel injection equipment, the pressurization of the diesel fuel can reach 2000 or 3000 bar.
- the fuel pressure at the inlet of the injector is 2500 bars.
- the magnetic force creates the electromotive force which attracts the armature 48 upwards in opposition to the return spring 58 which pushes the piston 22 downwards opposite the solenoid 44.
- the resultant Fr of the electromotive force F1 and the generated force F2 by the return spring 58 will move the piston 22 upwards and consequently the shutter 38 of the needle is itself moved away from the seat 31 of the body. nozzle in open position. Forces Fr, Fl, F2 are not represented.
- the fuel will flow through the HP channel 24 then passing through the bore 26 of the nozzle body and the fuel will reach the injection holes 32 through which the fuel will arrive in the combustion chamber (not shown).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1661416A FR3059052B1 (fr) | 2016-11-23 | 2016-11-23 | Injecteur de carburant |
| PCT/EP2017/079954 WO2018095922A1 (fr) | 2016-11-23 | 2017-11-21 | Injecteur de carburant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3545186A1 true EP3545186A1 (fr) | 2019-10-02 |
| EP3545186B1 EP3545186B1 (fr) | 2021-01-06 |
Family
ID=58054256
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17797971.3A Active EP3545186B1 (fr) | 2016-11-23 | 2017-11-21 | Injecteur de carburant |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3545186B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3059052B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2018095922A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3935148A1 (de) * | 1989-10-21 | 1991-05-02 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Elektromagnetisch betaetigbares kraftstoffeinspritzventil |
| EP2246554B1 (fr) * | 2009-04-20 | 2012-06-27 | Continental Automotive GmbH | Ensemble de soupape pour soupape d'injection et soupape d'injection |
-
2016
- 2016-11-23 FR FR1661416A patent/FR3059052B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2017
- 2017-11-21 EP EP17797971.3A patent/EP3545186B1/fr active Active
- 2017-11-21 WO PCT/EP2017/079954 patent/WO2018095922A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3059052B1 (fr) | 2019-06-21 |
| FR3059052A1 (fr) | 2018-05-25 |
| EP3545186B1 (fr) | 2021-01-06 |
| WO2018095922A1 (fr) | 2018-05-31 |
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