EP3544887B1 - Nozzle of a ship propeller - Google Patents

Nozzle of a ship propeller Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3544887B1
EP3544887B1 EP16801780.4A EP16801780A EP3544887B1 EP 3544887 B1 EP3544887 B1 EP 3544887B1 EP 16801780 A EP16801780 A EP 16801780A EP 3544887 B1 EP3544887 B1 EP 3544887B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
ship propeller
sacrificial anodes
receptacle
ship
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EP16801780.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3544887A1 (en
Inventor
Klaus TWEDDELL
Dietrich BENKE
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Schottel GmbH
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Schottel GmbH
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Publication of EP3544887A1 publication Critical patent/EP3544887A1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B59/00—Hull protection specially adapted for vessels; Cleaning devices specially adapted for vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/14—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers characterised by being mounted in non-rotating ducts or rings, e.g. adjustable for steering purpose
    • B63H5/15—Nozzles, e.g. Kort-type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/10—Electrodes characterised by the structure
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/18—Means for supporting electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
    • C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
    • C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
    • C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
    • C23F13/20—Conducting electric current to electrodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a nozzle of a ship propeller rotatable about an axis of rotation with a nozzle jacket extending along the axis of rotation and enveloping the ship propeller with inner and outer surfaces which together form a flow profile and with at least one sacrificial anode arranged on the outer surface of the nozzle jacket.
  • the arrangement of a nozzle as a jacket around a ship's propeller has been known for many years and is also known as a Kort nozzle.
  • the nozzle jacket has an airfoil-like flow profile and is used to reduce flow losses at the ends of the propeller blades and to generate a higher mass flow. This leads to an increase in the efficiency of such a ship propeller.
  • the nozzle jacket is usually made of metal and must be protected from electrolytic corrosion.
  • there is otherwise the risk of severe electrolytic corrosion and premature wear of components of the propulsion system including the associated nozzle due to the high conductivity of the seawater and its suitability as an electrolyte and galvanic element.
  • the EP 2 592 175 A2 describes the configuration of a flow tube, for example in a ship propulsion system designed as a water jet, with a shaft-like recess being made on the inside flow surface, in which a sacrificial anode is accommodated in a streamlined manner.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a nozzle of a ship's propeller which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art, is easy to manufacture and in which the sacrificial anodes can be changed easily after they have been used up.
  • the outer surface of the nozzle jacket has at least one recess that is recessed in relation to the flow profile, which is designed as a ring-shaped circumferential stepped shoulder in the outer surface of the nozzle jacket and a plurality of correspondingly designed Sacrificial anodes are inserted in the stepped shoulder around the circumference and essentially filling up the receptacle.
  • a sufficient number or a sufficient volume of sacrificial anodes in the area of the outer surface of the nozzle jacket, which due to their arrangement in the recessed receptacle do not protrude or at most slightly protrude over the flow profile.
  • the at least one sacrificial anode is not subject to any further restrictions; it can therefore be anodes of almost any contour, in particular also standard designs, as long as they essentially fill the recessed receptacle.
  • Substantially filling the recessed receptacle is understood to mean filling the space in the area of the recessed receptacle in which the received anode does not protrude or only protrudes slightly over the adjacent flow profile.
  • the sacrificial anodes are designed so that, after being inserted into the receptacle, they smoothly continue the contour of the flow profile of the nozzle according to the invention adjacent to the receptacle and to that extent themselves form part of the flow profile due to a design corresponding to the flow profile.
  • the disturbance of the fluid flow around the nozzle jacket due to the sacrificial anodes is reduced to a minimum according to the invention in this way and the nozzle thrust while driving is not impaired despite the presence of the sacrificial anodes.
  • the arrangement and positioning of the receptacle and the sacrificial anodes positioned therein are in principle not subject to any restrictions and can be selected accordingly by a person skilled in the art depending on the conditions at the nozzle.
  • An arrangement of the receptacle and the sacrificial anodes positioned therein running completely around the nozzle circumference is provided.
  • the receptacle is formed in the rear region of the same, as seen in the direction of flow of the fluid through the nozzle, preferably near the outlet opening of the nozzle jacket behind the ship's propeller.
  • the receptacle is designed as a ring-shaped circumferential step shoulder in the outer surface of the nozzle jacket and a plurality of sacrificial anodes is inserted in a ring around the step shoulder so that a desired volume fraction of the step shoulder passes through the sacrificial anodes are filled and the flow profile of the nozzle jacket is continued smoothly by the sacrificial anodes bridging the step shoulder. It is not necessary to fill the entire volume portion of the step shoulder with sacrificial anodes, although such a complete filling is particularly effective in terms of flow. However, it can also be provided that the receptacle is only partially filled with anodes, which surprisingly goes hand in hand with no significant loss of effectiveness. It is only essential that the anodes within the receptacle can be flowed over without significant resistance along the flow profile.
  • a plurality of discrete receptacles are provided which are introduced in the form of a ring into the outer surface and in each of which a corresponding sacrificial anode is inserted.
  • webs remain between adjacent sacrificial anodes and associated receptacles, which run along the flow profile in the area of the outer surface and stiffen the outer surface of the nozzle jacket in the manner of reinforcing ribs.
  • the sacrificial anodes are detachably inserted into the receptacle, for example are detachably fastened in this in a suitable manner by means of screws. This not only simplifies assembly, but the sacrificial anodes can easily be exchanged for a new sacrificial anode after they have been used up.
  • the sacrificial anodes For the function of the sacrificial anode it is necessary that it is connected in an electrically conductive manner to the components to be protected, in particular the nozzle jacket.
  • the sacrificial anodes have an electrically conductive carrier plate with protruding fastening tabs for fastening to the nozzle jacket.
  • the sacrificial anodes can, for example, be cast from a suitable metal, with the carrier sheet immediately upon manufacture of the sacrificial anodes can be poured in, which enables efficient manufacture and a good electrical connection.
  • the sacrificial anode can be made on the basis of zinc, magnesium or aluminum or combinations thereof, while the carrier plate can be made, for example, from a commercially available structural steel or another suitable electrically conductive material.
  • the sacrificial anodes are fastened in the receptacle in such a way that a gap remains between the sacrificial anode and the nozzle jacket.
  • a gap remains between the sacrificial anode and the nozzle jacket.
  • the nozzle according to the invention can be used both in conventional propeller systems with fixed ship propellers for watercraft of all types and in rudder propellers in which the ship propeller is rotatably mounted about its vertical axis and enables the ship driven in this way to be controlled directly, including various types of water jet propulsion, for example the "Linearjet" developed by Voith.
  • a per se known rudder propeller is shown in a perspective view, which comprises a ship propeller 19 rotatable about an axis of rotation A with the aid of a drive, not shown.
  • the rudder propeller can be rotated about its vertical axis H for the purpose of controlling a watercraft equipped with it.
  • the propeller blades 190 of the ship's propeller 19 are enveloped by a nozzle 1 which extends along the axis of rotation A and has a nozzle jacket 10 which tapers conically in the direction of flow S through the nozzle 1 and has an inlet opening 100 and an outlet opening 101 for the fluid accelerated by the ship's propeller 19, ie water .
  • the nozzle jacket 10 enveloping the ship's propeller 19 has an inner surface 11 and an outer surface 12, which together form an airfoil-like flow profile.
  • the water flowing in in flow direction S is divided into a partial flow S1 inside the nozzle 10 and a partial flow S2 outside the nozzle 10, the boundary layers to the nozzle 10 being guided along the inner surface 11 or the outer surface.
  • the flow profile is designed to be as smooth as possible in order to avoid flow losses along the inner and outer surfaces 10, 11.
  • a recess 13 Adjacent to the outlet opening 101, in the area of the outer surface 12 of the nozzle jacket 10, a recess 13 is formed in the form of a stepped shoulder that is recessed with respect to the flow profile along the outer surface 12.
  • This receptacle 13 formed by the stepped shoulder is occupied by a large number of sacrificial anodes 2 designed corresponding to the receptacle 13 and essentially filling the receptacle 13, which are shaped such that they not only essentially fill the receptacle 13 but also continue the flow profile along the outer surface 12 smoothly .
  • the sacrificial anodes 2 are thus part of the flow profile in the area of the outer surface 12 of the nozzle jacket 10.
  • the sacrificial anodes 2 themselves are present in such a number that a volume or a mass is established which has been calculated to be sufficient for the corrosion protection of the propulsion system including the nozzle 1 including the ship propeller 19.
  • each sacrificial anode 2 is connected to the nozzle jacket 10 by means of fastening straps 21 protruding from the nozzle jacket 10, e.g. by means of a screw or welded connection, and can therefore be easily assembled and replaced when used.
  • each sacrificial anode 2 can be fastened to the receptacle 13 on both sides via two fastening tabs 21 each positioned at an angle of 90 ° and associated screws.
  • each sacrificial anode 2 can be arranged via the fastening tabs 21, leaving a gap to the nozzle jacket 10, through which a recirculation of the flowing water occurs, which not only increases the flushing of the surface of the sacrificial anode 2, but also a cleaning effect on the surface the sacrificial anode 2 exercises.
  • the gap between the sacrificial anode 2 and the nozzle jacket 10 can be optimized with regard to its gap width by making it larger towards the inlet opening 100 of the nozzle 1.
  • the sacrificial anodes 2 are made of a suitable metal, for example zinc, magnesium or aluminum or combinations thereof, in a casting process, an electrically conductive support sheet 20 being poured into the body of the sacrificial anodes 2 during the casting and thus integrally connected to them. It goes without saying that the shape of the sacrificial anodes is arbitrary and depends on the respective contour of the flow profile of the nozzle jacket 10 and the installation position in the Nozzle jacket 10 aligns. Standard anodes of a size suitable for the receptacle 13 can also be used.
  • the sacrificial anodes 2 can be arranged at a position further in the direction of the inlet opening 100. Furthermore, the free spaces between adjacent sacrificial anodes 2 can be closed with covers according to the desired flow profile.
  • the nozzle according to the invention explained above is suitable both for the new manufacture of a ship's propulsion system and for retrofitting existing ship propellers and replacing existing nozzles on such a ship propeller.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Düse eines um eine Rotationsachse drehbaren Schiffspropellers mit einem sich entlang der Rotationsachse erstreckenden und den Schiffspropeller einhüllenden Düsenmantel mit Innen- und Außenoberfläche, die gemeinsam ein Strömungsprofil bilden und mit mindestens einer auf der Außenoberfläche des Düsenmantels angeordneten Opferanode.The invention relates to a nozzle of a ship propeller rotatable about an axis of rotation with a nozzle jacket extending along the axis of rotation and enveloping the ship propeller with inner and outer surfaces which together form a flow profile and with at least one sacrificial anode arranged on the outer surface of the nozzle jacket.

Die Anordnung einer Düse als Mantel um einen Schiffspropeller ist seit vielen Jahren bekannt und wird auch als Kortdüse bezeichnet. Der Düsenmantel weist ein tragflügelähnliches Strömungsprofil auf und dient dazu, Strömungsverluste an den Enden der Propellerblätter zu reduzieren und einen höheren Massenstrom zu erzeugen. Dies führt zu einer Steigerung des Wirkungsgrades eines solchen Schiffspropellers. Der Düsenmantel ist jedoch ebenso wie der Schiffspropeller selbst üblicherweise aus Metall hergestellt und muss vor einer elektrolytischen Korrosion geschützt werden. Insbesondere bei Einsatz des Schiffspropellers in Seewasser besteht ansonsten aufgrund der hohen Leitfähigkeit des Seewassers und dessen Eignung als Elektrolyt und galvanisches Element die Gefahr einer starken elektrolytischen Korrosion und dadurch bedingtem vorzeitigem Verschleiß von Bauteilen der den Schiffspropeller umfassenden Vortriebsanlage einschließlich der zugehörigen Düse.The arrangement of a nozzle as a jacket around a ship's propeller has been known for many years and is also known as a Kort nozzle. The nozzle jacket has an airfoil-like flow profile and is used to reduce flow losses at the ends of the propeller blades and to generate a higher mass flow. This leads to an increase in the efficiency of such a ship propeller. However, like the ship's propeller itself, the nozzle jacket is usually made of metal and must be protected from electrolytic corrosion. In particular, when the ship's propeller is used in seawater, there is otherwise the risk of severe electrolytic corrosion and premature wear of components of the propulsion system including the associated nozzle due to the high conductivity of the seawater and its suitability as an electrolyte and galvanic element.

Es ist daher üblich, zum Zwecke des Korrosionsschutzes eine ermittelte Anzahl an Opferanoden auf der Außenoberfläche des Düsenmantels vorstehend anzubringen. Die Opferanoden sind jedoch Störkörper in der entlang der Außenoberfläche erfolgenden Fluidströmung, was den Düsenwiderstand bei Fahrt erhöht. Dies hat zur Folge, dass der Düsenschub sinkt und somit der Schiffspropeller insgesamt ineffizienter wird.It is therefore customary to attach a determined number of sacrificial anodes protruding on the outer surface of the nozzle jacket for the purpose of corrosion protection. However, the sacrificial anodes are disruptive bodies in the along the Fluid flow occurs on the outer surface, which increases the nozzle resistance when driving. This has the consequence that the nozzle thrust decreases and thus the ship's propeller becomes more inefficient overall.

Aus der US 7,641,526 B1 ist ein gattungsgemäßer Schiffspropeller bekannt, bei dem eine Opferanode im Bereich der Außenseite der Düse am Skeg befestigt ist.From the US 7,641,526 B1 a generic ship propeller is known in which a sacrificial anode is attached to the skeg in the area of the outside of the nozzle.

Die EP 2 592 175 A2 beschreibt die Ausgestaltung eines Strömungsrohrs, beispielsweise bei einem als Water Jet ausgeführten Schiffsantrieb, wobei auf der innenseitigen Strömungsoberfläche eine schachtartige Ausnehmung eingebracht ist, in der eine Opferanode strömungsgünstig aufgenommen ist.The EP 2 592 175 A2 describes the configuration of a flow tube, for example in a ship propulsion system designed as a water jet, with a shaft-like recess being made on the inside flow surface, in which a sacrificial anode is accommodated in a streamlined manner.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Düse eines Schiffspropellers vorzuschlagen, die die Nachteile des Standes der Technik überwindet, einfach herstellbar ist und bei der ein Wechsel der Opferanoden nach deren Verbrauch einfach zu bewerkstelligen ist.The object of the invention is to propose a nozzle of a ship's propeller which overcomes the disadvantages of the prior art, is easy to manufacture and in which the sacrificial anodes can be changed easily after they have been used up.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einer Düse gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention with a nozzle according to the features of claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der erfindungsgemäßen Düse sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.Advantageous configurations and developments of the nozzle according to the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Zur Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe wird vorgeschlagen, dass im in einer Durchströmrichtung der Düse gesehen hinteren Bereich derselben die Aussenoberfläche des Düsenmantels mindestens eine gegenüber dem Strömungsprofil vertiefte Aufnahme aufweist, die als ringförmig umlaufender Stufenabsatz in der Aussenoberfläche des Düsenmantels ausgebildet ist und eine Vielzahl von korrespondierend ausgebildeten Opferanoden ringförmig umlaufend und im Wesentlichen die Aufnahme auffüllend in den Stufenabsatz eingesetzt sind. AAuf diese Weise ist es möglich, eine ausreichende Anzahl bzw. ein ausreichendes Volumen an Opferanoden im Bereich der Außenoberfläche des Düsenmantels anzuordnen, die aufgrund ihrer Anordnung in der vertieften Aufnahme nicht oder allenfalls geringfügig über das Strömungsprofil vorstehen. Weiteren Beschränkungen unterliegt die mindestens eine Opferanode nicht, es kann sich daher um Anoden nahezu beliebiger Kontur, insbesondere auch Standardbauformen handeln, solange diese die vertiefte Aufnahme im Wesentlichen auffüllen. Unter einem im Wesentlichen Auffüllen der vertieften Aufnahme wird insoweit ein Auffüllen des Raumes im Bereich der vertieften Aufnahme verstanden, bei dem die aufgenommene Anode nicht oder lediglich geringfügig über das benachbarte Strömungsprofil vorsteht.To solve the problem, it is proposed that in the rear area of the nozzle, seen in a flow direction of the nozzle, the outer surface of the nozzle jacket has at least one recess that is recessed in relation to the flow profile, which is designed as a ring-shaped circumferential stepped shoulder in the outer surface of the nozzle jacket and a plurality of correspondingly designed Sacrificial anodes are inserted in the stepped shoulder around the circumference and essentially filling up the receptacle. In this way it is possible to arrange a sufficient number or a sufficient volume of sacrificial anodes in the area of the outer surface of the nozzle jacket, which due to their arrangement in the recessed receptacle do not protrude or at most slightly protrude over the flow profile. The at least one sacrificial anode is not subject to any further restrictions; it can therefore be anodes of almost any contour, in particular also standard designs, as long as they essentially fill the recessed receptacle. Substantially filling the recessed receptacle is understood to mean filling the space in the area of the recessed receptacle in which the received anode does not protrude or only protrudes slightly over the adjacent flow profile.

Nach einem Vorschlag der Erfindung sind die Opferanoden so ausgebildet, dass sie nach Einsetzen in die Aufnahme die Kontur des Strömungsprofils der erfindungsgemäßen Düse benachbart zur Aufnahme glatt fortsetzen und insoweit aufgrund einer zum Strömungsprofil korrespondierenden Gestaltung selbst einen Teil des Strömungsprofils bilden. Die Störung der Fluidströmung um den Düsenmantel aufgrund der Opferanoden wird erfindungsgemäß auf diese Weise auf ein Minimum reduziert und der Düsenschub bei Fahrt trotz des Vorhandenseins der Opferanoden nicht beeinträchtigt.According to a proposal of the invention, the sacrificial anodes are designed so that, after being inserted into the receptacle, they smoothly continue the contour of the flow profile of the nozzle according to the invention adjacent to the receptacle and to that extent themselves form part of the flow profile due to a design corresponding to the flow profile. The disturbance of the fluid flow around the nozzle jacket due to the sacrificial anodes is reduced to a minimum according to the invention in this way and the nozzle thrust while driving is not impaired despite the presence of the sacrificial anodes.

Die Anordnung und Positionierung der Aufnahme und der darin positionierten Opferanoden unterliegt im Prinzip keiner Beschränkung und kann vom Fachmann in Abhängigkeit von den Gegebenheiten an der Düse entsprechend ausgewählt werden. Es ist eine vollständig um den Düsenumfang verlaufende Anordnung der Aufnahme und der darin positionierten Opferanoden vorgesehen.The arrangement and positioning of the receptacle and the sacrificial anodes positioned therein are in principle not subject to any restrictions and can be selected accordingly by a person skilled in the art depending on the conditions at the nozzle. An arrangement of the receptacle and the sacrificial anodes positioned therein running completely around the nozzle circumference is provided.

Erfindungsgemäß ist die Aufnahme im in Durchströmrichtung des Fluids durch die Düse gesehen hinteren Bereich derselben ausgebildet, vorzugsweise nahe der Austrittsöffnung des Düsenmantels hinter dem Schiffspropeller.According to the invention, the receptacle is formed in the rear region of the same, as seen in the direction of flow of the fluid through the nozzle, preferably near the outlet opening of the nozzle jacket behind the ship's propeller.

Die Aufnahme ist nach dem Vorschlag der Erfindung als ringförmig umlaufender Stufenabsatz in der Außenoberfläche des Düsenmantels ausgebildet und es wird eine Vielzahl von Opferanoden ringförmig um laufend in den Stufenabsatz eingesetzt, sodass ein gewünschter Volumenanteil des Stufenabsatzes durch die Opferanoden aufgefüllt und das Strömungsprofil des Düsenmantels von den Opferanoden unter Überbrückung des Stufenabsatzes glatt fortgesetzt wird. Es ist dabei nicht erforderlich, den gesamten Volumenanteil des Stufenabsatzes mit Opferanoden aufzufüllen, wenngleich eine solche vollständige Auffüllung strömungstechnisch besonders wirkungsvoll ist. Es kann jedoch auch vorgesehen sein, die Aufnahme nur teilweise mit Anoden aufzufüllen, was überraschenderweise ohne wesentliche Einbußen in der Wirksamkeit einhergeht. Wesentlich ist lediglich, dass die Anoden innerhalb der Aufnahme ohne maßgeblichen Widerstand entlang des Strömungsprofils überströmt werden können.According to the proposal of the invention, the receptacle is designed as a ring-shaped circumferential step shoulder in the outer surface of the nozzle jacket and a plurality of sacrificial anodes is inserted in a ring around the step shoulder so that a desired volume fraction of the step shoulder passes through the sacrificial anodes are filled and the flow profile of the nozzle jacket is continued smoothly by the sacrificial anodes bridging the step shoulder. It is not necessary to fill the entire volume portion of the step shoulder with sacrificial anodes, although such a complete filling is particularly effective in terms of flow. However, it can also be provided that the receptacle is only partially filled with anodes, which surprisingly goes hand in hand with no significant loss of effectiveness. It is only essential that the anodes within the receptacle can be flowed over without significant resistance along the flow profile.

In einer nicht zur Erfindung gehörenden Ausführungsform kann auch vorgesehen sein, dass eine Vielzahl von ringförmig in die Außenoberfläche eingebrachter diskreter Aufnahmen vorgesehen ist, in die jeweils eine korrespondierende Opferanode eingesetzt ist. Zwischen benachbarten Opferanoden und zugehörigen Aufnahmen verbleiben bei dieser Ausführungsform Stege, die entlang des Strömungsprofils im Bereich der Außenoberfläche verlaufen und nach Art von Verstärkungsrippen die Außenoberfläche des Düsenmantels versteifen.In an embodiment not belonging to the invention, it can also be provided that a plurality of discrete receptacles are provided which are introduced in the form of a ring into the outer surface and in each of which a corresponding sacrificial anode is inserted. In this embodiment, webs remain between adjacent sacrificial anodes and associated receptacles, which run along the flow profile in the area of the outer surface and stiffen the outer surface of the nozzle jacket in the manner of reinforcing ribs.

Nach einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Opferanoden lösbar in die Aufnahme eingesetzt sind, beispielsweise in dieser in geeigneter Weise mittels Schrauben lösbar befestigt sind. Hierdurch wird nicht nur die Montage vereinfacht, sondern die Opferanoden können nach Verbrauch derselben leicht gegen eine neue Opferanode ausgetauscht werden.According to a further proposal of the invention it is provided that the sacrificial anodes are detachably inserted into the receptacle, for example are detachably fastened in this in a suitable manner by means of screws. This not only simplifies assembly, but the sacrificial anodes can easily be exchanged for a new sacrificial anode after they have been used up.

Für die Funktion der Opferanode ist es erforderlich, dass diese elektrisch leitend mit den zu schützenden Bauteilen, insbesondere dem Düsenmantel verbunden ist. Hierzu wird erfindungsgemäß vorgeschlagen, dass die Opferanoden ein elektrisch leitfähiges Trägerblech mit vorstehenden Befestigungslaschen für die Befestigung am Düsenmantel aufweisen. Die Opferanoden können beispielsweise aus einem geeigneten Metall gegossen werden, wobei das Trägerblech unmittelbar bei Herstellung der Opferanoden mit eingegossen werden kann, was eine rationelle Herstellung und eine gute elektrische Verbindung ermöglicht.For the function of the sacrificial anode it is necessary that it is connected in an electrically conductive manner to the components to be protected, in particular the nozzle jacket. For this purpose, it is proposed according to the invention that the sacrificial anodes have an electrically conductive carrier plate with protruding fastening tabs for fastening to the nozzle jacket. The sacrificial anodes can, for example, be cast from a suitable metal, with the carrier sheet immediately upon manufacture of the sacrificial anodes can be poured in, which enables efficient manufacture and a good electrical connection.

Beispielsweise kann die Opferanode auf Basis von Zink, Magnesium oder Aluminium oder Kombinationen derselben hergestellt sein, während das Trägerblech beispielsweise aus einem handelsüblichen Baustahl oder einem anderen geeigneten elektrisch leitfähigen Material hergestellt sein kann.For example, the sacrificial anode can be made on the basis of zinc, magnesium or aluminum or combinations thereof, while the carrier plate can be made, for example, from a commercially available structural steel or another suitable electrically conductive material.

Nach einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung sind die Opferanoden derart in der Aufnahme befestigt, dass ein Spalt zwischen der Opferanode und dem Düsenmantel verbleibt. Durch diesen Spalt kann eine vorteilhafte Umströmung der Opferanoden auch an deren Unterseite durch eine sich einstellende Re-Zirkulation erreicht werden, die auch mit einem Reinigungseffekt für die Oberfläche der Opferanoden einhergeht. Zur weiteren Steigerung dieses Effektes kann der Spalt in Richtung der Eintrittsöffnung der Düse größer werdend ausgeführt sein.According to a further proposal of the invention, the sacrificial anodes are fastened in the receptacle in such a way that a gap remains between the sacrificial anode and the nozzle jacket. Through this gap, an advantageous flow around the sacrificial anodes can also be achieved on their underside by a recirculation that occurs, which is also associated with a cleaning effect for the surface of the sacrificial anodes. To further increase this effect, the gap can be made larger in the direction of the inlet opening of the nozzle.

Die erfindungsgemäße Düse kann sowohl in konventionellen Propelleranlagen mit feststehenden Schiffspropellern für Wasserfahrzeuge aller Art als auch bei Ruderpropellern eingesetzt werden, bei denen der Schiffspropeller um seine Hochachse drehbar gelagert ist und eine Steuerung des solchermaßen angetriebenen Schiffes unmittelbar ermöglicht, einschließlich verschiedener Arten von Wasserjetantrieben, zum Beispiel die von der Firma Voith entwickelten "Linearjet".The nozzle according to the invention can be used both in conventional propeller systems with fixed ship propellers for watercraft of all types and in rudder propellers in which the ship propeller is rotatably mounted about its vertical axis and enables the ship driven in this way to be controlled directly, including various types of water jet propulsion, for example the "Linearjet" developed by Voith.

Weitere Ausgestaltungen und Einzelheiten der Erfindung werden nachfolgend anhand der ein Ausführungsbeispiel darstellenden Zeichnung erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
in perspektivischer Darstellung einen Ruderpropeller mit einer Düse gemäß der Erfindung,
Figur 2
die Düse gemäß Figur 1 in Einzelteildarstellung,
Figur 3
einen Schnitt durch die Düse gemäß Figur 2 in vergrößertem Maßstab.
Further refinements and details of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing depicting an exemplary embodiment. Show it:
Figure 1
a perspective view of a rudder propeller with a nozzle according to the invention,
Figure 2
the nozzle according to Figure 1 in single part representation,
Figure 3
a section through the nozzle according to Figure 2 on a larger scale.

Aus der Figur 1 ist in perspektivischer Darstellung ein an sich bekannter Ruderpropeller dargestellt, der einen um eine Rotationsachse A mithilfe eines nicht dargestellten Antriebes drehbaren Schiffspropeller 19 umfasst. Der Ruderpropeller ist zum Zwecke der Steuerung eines damit ausgerüsteten Wasserfahrzeuges um seine Hochachse H drehbar.From the Figure 1 a per se known rudder propeller is shown in a perspective view, which comprises a ship propeller 19 rotatable about an axis of rotation A with the aid of a drive, not shown. The rudder propeller can be rotated about its vertical axis H for the purpose of controlling a watercraft equipped with it.

Die Propellerblätter 190 des Schiffspropellers 19 werden von einer Düse 1 eingehüllt, die sich entlang der Rotationsachse A erstreckt und einen in Strömungsrichtung S durch die Düse 1 konisch zulaufenden Düsenmantel 10 mit Eintrittsöffnung 100 und Austrittsöffnung 101 für das vom Schiffspropeller 19 beschleunigte Fluid, d.h. Wasser aufweist.The propeller blades 190 of the ship's propeller 19 are enveloped by a nozzle 1 which extends along the axis of rotation A and has a nozzle jacket 10 which tapers conically in the direction of flow S through the nozzle 1 and has an inlet opening 100 and an outlet opening 101 for the fluid accelerated by the ship's propeller 19, ie water .

Wie aus der Schnittdarstellung gemäß Figur 3 ersichtlich, weist der den Schiffspropeller 19 einhüllende Düsenmantel 10 eine Innenoberfläche 11 und eine Außenoberfläche 12 auf, die gemeinsam ein tragflügelähnliches Strömungsprofil bilden. Das in Strömungsrichtung S einströmende Wasser teilt sich insoweit in einen Teilstrom S1 innerhalb der Düse 10 und einen Teilstrom S2 außerhalb der Düse 10 auf, wobei die Grenzschichten zur Düse 10 entlang der Innenoberfläche 11 bzw. der Außenoberfläche geführt werden. Das Strömungsprofil ist zur Vermeidung von Strömungsverlusten entlang der Innen- und Außenoberfläche 10, 11 möglichst glatt ausgeführt.As shown in the sectional view Figure 3 As can be seen, the nozzle jacket 10 enveloping the ship's propeller 19 has an inner surface 11 and an outer surface 12, which together form an airfoil-like flow profile. The water flowing in in flow direction S is divided into a partial flow S1 inside the nozzle 10 and a partial flow S2 outside the nozzle 10, the boundary layers to the nozzle 10 being guided along the inner surface 11 or the outer surface. The flow profile is designed to be as smooth as possible in order to avoid flow losses along the inner and outer surfaces 10, 11.

Benachbart zur Austrittsöffnung 101 ist im Bereich der Außenoberfläche 12 des Düsenmantels 10 eine gegenüber dem Strömungsprofil entlang der Außenoberfläche 12 vertiefte Aufnahme 13 in Form eines ringförmig umlaufenden Stufenabsatzes eingeformt. Diese vom Stufenabsatz gebildete Aufnahme 13 ist von einer Vielzahl korrespondierend zur Aufnahme 13 ausgebildeten und die Aufnahme 13 im Wesentlichen auffüllenden Opferanoden 2 besetzt, die so geformt sind, dass sie die Aufnahme 13 nicht nur im Wesentlichen auffüllen sondern das Strömungsprofil entlang der Außenoberfläche 12 glatt fortsetzen. Auf diese Weise wird ein Strömungsprofil entlang der Außenoberfläche 12 erhalten, welches trotz Anordnung der Opferanoden 2 nur minimal beeinträchtigt wird. Die Opferanoden 2 sind somit Teil des Strömungsprofils im Bereich der Außenoberfläche 12 des Düsenmantels 10.Adjacent to the outlet opening 101, in the area of the outer surface 12 of the nozzle jacket 10, a recess 13 is formed in the form of a stepped shoulder that is recessed with respect to the flow profile along the outer surface 12. This receptacle 13 formed by the stepped shoulder is occupied by a large number of sacrificial anodes 2 designed corresponding to the receptacle 13 and essentially filling the receptacle 13, which are shaped such that they not only essentially fill the receptacle 13 but also continue the flow profile along the outer surface 12 smoothly . This creates a flow profile along the outer surface 12, which is only minimally impaired despite the arrangement of the sacrificial anodes 2. The sacrificial anodes 2 are thus part of the flow profile in the area of the outer surface 12 of the nozzle jacket 10.

Die Opferanoden 2 selbst sind in einer solchen Anzahl vorhanden, dass sich ein Volumen bzw. eine Masse einstellt, welches zum Korrosionsschutz der den Schiffspropeller 19 umfassenden Vortriebsanlage einschließlich der Düse 1 als hinreichend berechnet worden ist.The sacrificial anodes 2 themselves are present in such a number that a volume or a mass is established which has been calculated to be sufficient for the corrosion protection of the propulsion system including the nozzle 1 including the ship propeller 19.

Die einzelnen Opferanoden 2 sind mittels am Düsenmantel 10 vorstehender Befestigungslaschen 21 mit dem Düsenmantel 10 verbunden, z.B. mittels Schraub- oder Schweißverbindung und können von daher leicht montiert und nach Verbrauch ausgetauscht werden. Beispielsweise kann jede Opferanode 2 wie dargestellt beidseits über jeweils zwei unter einem Winkel von 90° positionierte Befestigungslaschen 21 und zugehörige Schrauben an der Aufnahme 13 befestigt werden.The individual sacrificial anodes 2 are connected to the nozzle jacket 10 by means of fastening straps 21 protruding from the nozzle jacket 10, e.g. by means of a screw or welded connection, and can therefore be easily assembled and replaced when used. For example, as shown, each sacrificial anode 2 can be fastened to the receptacle 13 on both sides via two fastening tabs 21 each positioned at an angle of 90 ° and associated screws.

Überdies kann über die Befestigungslaschen 21 jede Opferanode 2 unter Belassung eines Spaltes zum Düsenmantel 10 angeordnet wurden, durch den sich eine Re-Zirkulation des strömenden Wassers einstellt, die nicht nur die Umspülung der Oberfläche der Opferanode 2 erhöht, sondern auch einen Reinigungseffekt auf die Oberfläche der Opferanode 2 ausübt. Zur Erhöhung dieses Effektes kann der Spalt zwischen Opferanode 2 und Düsenmantel 10 hinsichtlich seiner Spaltweite optimiert werden, indem er zur Eintrittsöffnung 100 der Düse 1 hin vergrößert ausgebildet wird.In addition, each sacrificial anode 2 can be arranged via the fastening tabs 21, leaving a gap to the nozzle jacket 10, through which a recirculation of the flowing water occurs, which not only increases the flushing of the surface of the sacrificial anode 2, but also a cleaning effect on the surface the sacrificial anode 2 exercises. To increase this effect, the gap between the sacrificial anode 2 and the nozzle jacket 10 can be optimized with regard to its gap width by making it larger towards the inlet opening 100 of the nozzle 1.

Die Opferanoden 2 sind aus einem geeigneten Metall, beispielsweise Zink, Magnesium oder Aluminium oder Kombinationen derselben in einem Gießverfahren hergestellt, wobei während des Gießens ein elektrisch leitfähiges Trägerblech 20 in den Korpus der Opferanoden 2 eingegossen und damit einstückig mit diesen verbunden wird. Es versteht sich, dass die Form der Opferanoden beliebig ist und sich nach der jeweiligen Kontur des Strömungsprofils des Düsenmantels 10 und der Einbauposition im Düsenmantel 10 richtet. Es können auch Standardanoden in zu der Aufnahme 13 passender Größe verwendet werden.The sacrificial anodes 2 are made of a suitable metal, for example zinc, magnesium or aluminum or combinations thereof, in a casting process, an electrically conductive support sheet 20 being poured into the body of the sacrificial anodes 2 during the casting and thus integrally connected to them. It goes without saying that the shape of the sacrificial anodes is arbitrary and depends on the respective contour of the flow profile of the nozzle jacket 10 and the installation position in the Nozzle jacket 10 aligns. Standard anodes of a size suitable for the receptacle 13 can also be used.

Es ist auch möglich, die Opferanoden 2 an einer weiter in Richtung der Eintrittsöffnung 100 liegenden Position anzuordnen. Ferner können ggf. die Freiräume zwischen benachbarten Opferanoden 2 mit Abdeckungen gemäß dem gewünschten Strömungsprofil verschlossen werden.It is also possible to arrange the sacrificial anodes 2 at a position further in the direction of the inlet opening 100. Furthermore, the free spaces between adjacent sacrificial anodes 2 can be closed with covers according to the desired flow profile.

Grundsätzlich wäre auch vorstellbar, die Opferanoden im Bereich der Innenoberfläche anzubringen, jedoch ist dabei eine größere Störung der durch die Propellerblätter beschleunigten Fluidströmung entlang der Innenoberfläche zu erwarten und überdies treten bei Verbrauch der Opferanoden 2 Veränderungen des Strömungsprofils ein, die sich nachteilig auf die Effizienz des Schiffspropellers 19 auswirken.In principle, it would also be conceivable to attach the sacrificial anodes in the area of the inner surface, but a greater disruption of the fluid flow accelerated by the propeller blades along the inner surface is to be expected and, moreover, when the sacrificial anodes 2 are consumed, changes in the flow profile occur, which have a detrimental effect on the efficiency of the Impact ship propeller 19.

Die vorangehend erläuterte Düse gemäß der Erfindung eignet sich sowohl für die Neuherstellung eines Schiffsantriebes als auch für die Nachrüstung bereits vorhandener Schiffspropeller und den Austausch vorhandener Düsen an einem solchen Schiffspropeller.The nozzle according to the invention explained above is suitable both for the new manufacture of a ship's propulsion system and for retrofitting existing ship propellers and replacing existing nozzles on such a ship propeller.

Claims (8)

  1. Ship propeller with a nozzle (1) of the ship propeller (19) which is rotatable about a rotational axis (A), having a nozzle casing (10), extending along the rotational axis (A) and enclosing the ship propeller (19), having an inner and outer surface (11, 12) which together form a flow profile and having at least one sacrificial anode (2) arranged on the outer surface (12) of the nozzle casing (10), characterised in that in the rear region (101), viewed in a throughflow direction (S) of the nozzle (1), of said nozzle the outer surface (12) of the nozzle casing (10) has at least one receptacle (13) which is indented with respect to the flow profile, which is in the form of an annular circumferential step in the outer surface (12) of the nozzle casing (10), and a plurality of correspondingly formed sacrificial anodes (2) are set into the step encircling in annular manner and substantially filling in the receptacle (13).
  2. Ship propeller according to claim 1, characterised in that the sacrificial anodes (2) are formed correspondingly such that they are set into the receptacle (13) so as to smoothly continue the flow profile.
  3. Ship propeller according to any of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the sacrificial anodes (2) are set detachably into the receptacle (13).
  4. Ship propeller according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the sacrificial anodes (2) have an electrically conductive carrier plate (20) with projecting fastening tabs (21) for the fastening to the nozzle casing (10).
  5. Ship propeller according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the sacrificial anodes (2) form a partial section of the flow profile.
  6. Ship propeller according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the sacrificial anodes (2) are manufactured on the basis of zinc, magnesium or aluminium or combinations thereof.
  7. Ship propeller according to any of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the sacrificial anodes (2) are arranged in the receptacle (13) leaving a gap towards the nozzle casing (10).
  8. Ship propeller according to any of claims 1 to 7, characterised by design of the ship propeller (19) as a rudder propeller.
EP16801780.4A 2016-11-28 2016-11-28 Nozzle of a ship propeller Active EP3544887B1 (en)

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PCT/EP2016/078956 WO2018095548A1 (en) 2016-11-28 2016-11-28 Nozzle of a ship propeller

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CN111645838B (en) * 2020-06-15 2021-04-06 中国船舶科学研究中心 Pipe oar supports subregion guiding device that prerevolves
CN115386883B (en) * 2022-09-21 2024-03-01 广州船舶及海洋工程设计研究院(中国船舶集团有限公司第六〇五研究院) Mounting structure of flow passage type ship body sacrificial anode

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SU1689213A1 (en) * 1988-08-29 1991-11-07 Ленинградское высшее инженерное морское училище им.адм.С.О.Макарова Propeller nozzle
US5052962A (en) * 1990-05-21 1991-10-01 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Naval electrochemical corrosion reducer
US5342228A (en) * 1992-05-27 1994-08-30 Brunswick Corporation Marine drive anode
DK1904365T3 (en) * 2005-07-05 2012-04-16 Marine propulsion technologies inc VENTURY SYSTEM WITH MULTIPLE NOZZES FOR WATER VESSELS
US7641526B1 (en) * 2008-09-09 2010-01-05 Thrustmaster of Texas, Inc. Vessel and underwater mountable azimuthing thruster
GB201119446D0 (en) * 2011-11-11 2011-12-21 Rolls Royce Plc A sacrificial anode
KR101487668B1 (en) * 2012-12-03 2015-01-30 삼성중공업 주식회사 Propulsion apparatus for ship, and ship having the same
CN104032308B (en) * 2014-06-24 2016-06-01 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 A kind of water-jet propulsor flow passage system anticorrosion and antifouling integrated control method
GB201420357D0 (en) * 2014-11-17 2014-12-31 Rolls Royce Plc A marine cathodic protection system
CN104648638B (en) * 2015-02-11 2016-11-02 江苏科技大学 The bionical pressure hull in a kind of deep-sea

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EP3544887A1 (en) 2019-10-02
WO2018095548A1 (en) 2018-05-31
BR112019006498B1 (en) 2023-05-09
BR112019006498A2 (en) 2019-06-25
CN110023187A (en) 2019-07-16
RU2722082C1 (en) 2020-05-26
CA3041179A1 (en) 2018-05-31
CN110023187B (en) 2021-06-15

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