EP3535164A1 - Backlit decorative surface, particularly for the interior finishing of motor vehicles - Google Patents

Backlit decorative surface, particularly for the interior finishing of motor vehicles

Info

Publication number
EP3535164A1
EP3535164A1 EP17780087.7A EP17780087A EP3535164A1 EP 3535164 A1 EP3535164 A1 EP 3535164A1 EP 17780087 A EP17780087 A EP 17780087A EP 3535164 A1 EP3535164 A1 EP 3535164A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
decorative material
temperature
film
pressure
perforations
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP17780087.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Norman Eitel
Joachim Totzl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eissmann Automotive Deutschland GmbH
Original Assignee
Eissmann Automotive Deutschland GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eissmann Automotive Deutschland GmbH filed Critical Eissmann Automotive Deutschland GmbH
Publication of EP3535164A1 publication Critical patent/EP3535164A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
    • B32B27/283—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42 comprising polysiloxanes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/026—Knitted fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/32—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed at least two layers being foamed and next to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
    • B32B9/025—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch comprising leather
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/047—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material made of fibres or filaments
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
    • B60Q3/50—Mounting arrangements
    • B60Q3/54—Lighting devices embedded in interior trim, e.g. in roof liners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q—ARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q3/00—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors
    • B60Q3/60—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by optical aspects
    • B60Q3/62—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by optical aspects using light guides
    • B60Q3/64—Arrangement of lighting devices for vehicle interiors; Lighting devices specially adapted for vehicle interiors characterised by optical aspects using light guides for a single lighting device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/41—Opaque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/003—Interior finishings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00—Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/02—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners
    • B60R2013/0287—Internal Trim mouldings ; Internal Ledges; Wall liners for passenger compartments; Roof liners integrating other functions or accessories
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J175/04—Polyurethanes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a backlit decorative surface, in particular for the interior of motor vehicles.
  • the sheet-like decorative material is not directly laminated to the support member but provided between the support member and decorative material a spacer knit or foam to give an appealing haptic impression.
  • solvent, dispersion or hotmelt adhesives are generally used.
  • a light guide is basically applied to a substrate, which is illuminated with a light source such as an LED lamp.
  • a light source such as an LED lamp.
  • an at least partially transparent layer is provided above the light guide.
  • night mode that is, when the light source is turned on, the light from the light source is passed through the light guide and then passes through the light transmissive areas of the partially transparent layer through this layer and into the vehicle interior.
  • a diffuser is often provided between the light guide and the partially transparent layer.
  • DE 10 2007 006 201 A1 discloses a film which is an adhesive film that can be activated by increasing the temperature and / or pressure.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a backlit decorative material which has a visually appealing, defined fluoroscopy and at the same time meets the requirements of a production process in industrial series production. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a related manufacturing method.
  • the sheet-like decorative material according to the invention has perforations and serves to be illuminated on its rear side with a lighting device and to allow a portion of the light of the lighting device from the back of the decorative material to pass through the perforations to the visible side of the decorative material, wherein on the back of the decorative material a film sticks and the perforations extend through the film to the visible side of the decorative material and the film is an activatable under temperature and / or pressure adhesive film, the final under the action of a pressure p2 and / or temperature increase to a temperature T2 to the lighting device can be glued or laminated.
  • the film is a latent-reactive adhesive film, i. an adhesive sheet which can be tackified by temperature elevation and / or pressure for final bonding. Under these "activation conditions for final bonding", i. the temperature increase to a temperature T2 and / or the action of a pressure p2, the film is very sticky and can then be laminated on the lighting device and finally cross-linked.
  • the activation is particularly preferably carried out by increasing the temperature to T2 and increasing the pressure to p2.
  • the adhesive film is either not tacky, this is below a temperature T1 and below a pressure p1.
  • the adhesive film is somewhat sticky, so sticky that it can be laminated on the back of the leather as part of a prefixing and adheres there.
  • the perforated blank of decorative material and foil may be stored and optionally transported in a cool dry place for a longer period of time of up to 6 months to then be exposed to a higher temperature T2 than the temperature T1 and / or a higher pressure p2 as the pressure p1, namely under the activation conditions for the final bonding, to be glued to the lighting device.
  • the blank of decorative material and film is cooled after the prefixing and stored and introduced the perforations only at a later date in the blank and then the perforated blank - possibly with a further intermediate storage - under the activation conditions T2 and / or P2 for the final bonding - laminated on the lighting device.
  • the decorative material laminated to the lighting device by means of the film can then be glued to the underside of the lighting device with a carrier element such as a door trim, a spacer knit or a foam.
  • the temperature T1 for prefixing ie the temperature at which the film is somewhat tacky and can be prefixed, is generally below 60 ° C, preferably between 40 ° C and 55 ° C. However, depending on the adhesive film used, the temperature may be higher or lower.
  • the pre-fixing pressure p1 is generally up to 20 N / cm 2 , preferably between 10 N / cm 2 and 20 N / cm 2 , and more preferably about 15 N / cm 2 .
  • the activation temperature T2 for the final bonding is generally at least 60 ° C and preferably between 70 ° C and 110 ° C. At these temperatures, an optimal almost insoluble bond can be achieved without the decorative material is damaged by the heat input. However, depending on the adhesive film used, the temperature may be higher or lower.
  • the pressing pressure p2 for the crosslinking activation (final bonding) is between 0.5 N / cm 2 and 25 N / cm 2, and preferably between 0.5 N / cm 2 and 2.0 N / cm 2 , depending on the material to be pressed. These pressing pressures are so high that they allow for prefixing or crosslinking activation, but so low that the decor material is not damaged.
  • the bond still has to be completely crosslinked.
  • the required (post) cure time can be reduced by a longer activation time.
  • the postcrosslinking time is 24 to 48 hours.
  • the decorative material is in particular a flat material such as leather, synthetic leather, plastic, Alcantara or even a textile material.
  • the decorative material is opaque.
  • the layer thickness of the decorative material is preferably between 0.5 mm and 3.0 mm and particularly preferably between 0.8 mm and 2.0 mm.
  • the film is a polyurethane-based adhesive film having an integrated second component which, upon activation, begins to react to a temperature T2 and pressure p2 with the first component to produce a high strength bond.
  • the second component is preferably an isocyanate which is preferably in encapsulated form.
  • the film thickness of the film is between 25 and 200 micrometers, and preferably between 70 and 130 micrometers.
  • the decorative material may also have a slight translucency, so that even without perforations a small amount of light exits on the visible side of the decorative material in the case of backlighting.
  • the most varied perforations can be introduced in the decorative material.
  • the perforations are each spaced equidistant from each other, in a further preferred embodiment, the spacings of the perforations are different from each other.
  • perforations Any forms of perforations are possible, circular perforations, rectangular, triangular perforations, star-shaped perforations, square perforations, letters, logos, etc.
  • a brighter central region of the backlighting can be achieved, for example, by making the perforations in the center larger and / or at a smaller distance from each other than in the edge region.
  • the diameter of a perforation should be between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 0.8 mm and 3 mm, on the one hand to achieve a minimum light penetration through a perforation, on the other hand, however, the material properties, appearance, feel and flatness of the decorative material to obtain.
  • the perforations have a cylindrical shape, i. the perforations extend at a right angle to the surface of the decorative material.
  • the perforations can all have the same cross section or a different cross section.
  • the lighting device comprises a light source such as an LED lamp.
  • the lighting device may also include a light guide, for example made of silicone, a light diffuser and a reflector.
  • the light diffuser which may be a nonwoven fabric, a spacer fabric or another light-scattering textile, is generally arranged on the side of the film facing away from the decorative layer and ensures that diffused light is irradiated into the perforations.
  • a reflector On the other side of the light guide, a reflector is generally arranged which causes the light to pass along the light guide and reach all perforations.
  • the film is adhered to the upwardly facing side of a diffuser, which in turn is located on the upward-facing side of the light guide, and wherein a reflector is disposed on the underside of the light guide.
  • a light source e.g. an LED lamp whose light is radiated into the light guide.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the layer structure of a door trim with backlit decorative layer
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the area A of Figure 1, in which the film is visible and
  • Figure 3 is a representation of the general principle of operation of the backlighting.
  • the film 20 is a latent-reactive adhesive film which can be transferred to the slightly sticky state for prefixing at a first temperature T1 and under a first pressing pressure p1, which are approximately at 50 ° C and 5 N / cm 2 .
  • first temperature T1 and under a first pressing pressure p1 which are approximately at 50 ° C and 5 N / cm 2 .
  • the film 20 with its in Figure 2 upwardly facing side with the back 13 of the decorative material 11 is easily glued (prefixed). This prefixing is sufficient to prevent detachment of the adhesive film from the decorative material 11 or slippage during storage or during perforation.
  • film 20 for example, the film available from HB Fuller under the name Flexee TM EM9002 can be used, with a layer thickness of 100 micrometers being preferred.
  • the perforations 12 can now be introduced into the fixed blank of decorative material 11 and foil 20, for example by means of a punch.
  • the perforations 12 extend through the decorative material 11 and through the film 20.
  • the perforated blank can then, possibly after storage for up to 6 months, activated to the activation temperature T2 of 75 ° C to 110 ° C and then the perforated blank under a pressure of 5 to 20 N / cm 2 final with the lighting device 18 glued. As a result, a firm adhesive bond between the film 20 and the lighting device 18 is achieved. At the same time, complete crosslinking of the adhesion, which is still incomplete due to prefixing, between the decorative material 11 and the film 20 is achieved under the activation conditions for the final bonding.
  • a spacer fabric or foam 26 are laminated and the composite are then glued over the bottom of the spacer fabric or foam 26 with a support member 25 of a door trim.
  • the spacer knitted fabric 26 can be glued to the carrier part 25 and then glued onto this the composite of decorative material 11 / foil 20 / lighting device 18.
  • the spacer fabric or foam 26 may be omitted in the layer construction.
  • the lighting device 18 comprises a light source 21 such as an LED lamp, a preferably flexible light guide 22, a reflector 24 and a diffuser 23.
  • the diffuser 23 is flat and may for example be a nonwoven. It serves to make the light generated in the light source 21 diffuse and to prevent a directed dazzling light radiation.
  • the diffuser 23 forms the upper outside of the lighting device 18. Unless diffuse backlighting is desired, the diffuser 23 can also be omitted.

Abstract

The invention relates to a flat decorative material (11) for interior decoration, with perforations (12), particularly for the car industry, which can be lit up on the rear side (13) thereof by means of a lighting device (18) and lets some of the light of the lighting device (18) pass through from the rear side (13) of the decorative material (11) via the perforations (12) to the visible face (14) of the decorative material (11), in which a film (20) is stuck to the rear side (13) of the decorative material (11) and the performations (12) extend through the film (20) to the visible side (14) of the decorative material (11), the film (20) being an adhesive film that can be activated by an increase in temperature and/or pressure, said adhesive film being definitively stuck to the lighting device (18) by a temperature increase to a temperature T2 and/or a pressure increase to a pressure p2. The invention also relates to a method for the production thereof.

Description

  • Hinterleuchtbare Dekorfläche, insbesondere für den Innenausbau von KraftfahrzeugenBacklit decorative surface, especially for the interior fittings of motor vehicles
  • Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine hinterleuchtbare Dekorfläche, insbesondere für den Innenausbau von Kraftfahrzeugen.The present invention relates to a backlit decorative surface, in particular for the interior of motor vehicles.
  • Auf dem Gebiet der Innenausstattung von Fahrzeugen ist es üblich, Trägerteile wie Instrumententafeln, Türinnenverkleidungen, Fahrzeughimmel oder Mittelkonsolen mit flächigen Dekormaterialien wie Leder, Kunstleder oder Alcantara oder anderen Textilien zu kaschieren. Häufig wird das flächige Dekormaterial nicht direkt auf das Trägerteil kaschiert sondern zwischen Trägerteil und Dekormaterial ein Abstandsgewirke oder Schaumstoff vorgesehen, um einen ansprechenden haptischen Eindruck zu vermitteln.In the field of interior decoration of vehicles, it is customary to conceal support parts such as instrument panels, interior door linings, vehicle roofs or center consoles with flat decorative materials such as leather, synthetic leather or Alcantara or other textiles. Frequently, the sheet-like decorative material is not directly laminated to the support member but provided between the support member and decorative material a spacer knit or foam to give an appealing haptic impression.
  • Für die Verklebung der Schichten werden im Allgemeinen Lösemittel-, Dispersions- oder Hotmeltklebstoffe eingesetzt.For the bonding of the layers, solvent, dispersion or hotmelt adhesives are generally used.
  • In den letzten Jahren hat sich ein Trend zu hinterleuchtbaren Flächen entwickelt. Hierbei wird grundsätzlich auf ein Trägermaterial ein Lichtleiter aufgebracht, der mit einer Lichtquelle wie einer LED-Lampe beleuchtet wird. Oberhalb des Lichtleiters ist eine wenigstens teilweise transparente Schicht vorgesehen. Im Nachtbetrieb, also wenn die Lichtquelle eingeschaltet ist, wird das Licht von der Lichtquelle durch den Lichtleiter geleitet und tritt dann an den für das Licht durchlässigen Stellen der teilweise transparenten Schicht durch diese Schicht hindurch und in den Kraftfahrzeuginnenraum. Um eine gleichmäßige räumliche Lichtverteilung zu erreichen, wird häufig zwischen dem Lichtleiter und der teilweise lichtdurchlässigen Schicht ein Diffusor vorgesehen.In recent years there has been a trend towards backlit surfaces. Here, a light guide is basically applied to a substrate, which is illuminated with a light source such as an LED lamp. Above the light guide, an at least partially transparent layer is provided. In night mode, that is, when the light source is turned on, the light from the light source is passed through the light guide and then passes through the light transmissive areas of the partially transparent layer through this layer and into the vehicle interior. In order to achieve a uniform spatial light distribution, a diffuser is often provided between the light guide and the partially transparent layer.
  • Mit solchen hinterleuchteten oder hinterleuchtbaren Flächen kann insbesondere bei Dunkelheit eine ansprechende Grundbeleuchtung im Fahrzeuginnenraum erzielt werden, die bei Helligkeit nahezu unsichtbar ist.With such backlit or backlit surfaces especially in the dark an attractive basic lighting can be achieved in the vehicle interior, which is almost invisible in brightness.
  • Im Bereich der gehobenen Fahrzeuginnenausstattung besteht der Wunsch, auch hinterleuchtete Flächen mit hochwertigen nicht transparenten oder translucenten Dekormaterialien wie Leder oder Kunstleder bereitzustellen. Nachdem solche Dekormaterialien nicht transparent oder nicht translucent sind, ist es erforderlich, in diese Materialien Löcher oder Perforationen einzubringen, damit das Licht in dem Lichtleiter auf der Rückseite des Dekormaterials durch das Dekormaterial auf die Sichtseite hindurchtreten kann.In the area of upmarket vehicle interiors, there is a desire to also provide backlit surfaces with high-quality non-transparent or translucent decorative materials such as leather or artificial leather. Since such decorative materials are not transparent or not translucent, it is necessary to introduce holes or perforations into these materials so that the light in the optical waveguide on the back of the decorative material can pass through the decorative material to the visible side.
  • Wenn jedoch in das Dekormaterial Löcher oder Perforationen eingebracht werden und anschließend Klebstoff auf die Rückseite des Dekormaterials aufgebracht wird, um dieses mit dem Diffusor oder Lichtleiter zu verkleben, dringt ein Teil des Klebstoffs in die Löcher oder Perforationen in dem Dekormaterial ein. Nachdem sich der Klebstoff in einer Perforation zwischen dem Lichtleiter und der Sichtseite befindet und somit auch der Klebstoff „hinterleuchtet“ wird, ist er zum einen von der Sichtseite des Dekormaterials aus sichtbar, was unschön aussieht. Zum anderen bewirkt die unterschiedliche Menge und Verteilung des Klebstoffs in den Perforationen jedoch auch, dass die Intensität und Verteilung des durch die Perforation transmittierten Lichts von Perforation zu Perforation schwankt, so dass keine gleichmäßige Beleuchtung erzielt wird.However, if holes or perforations are placed in the decor material and then adhesive is applied to the back surface of the decor material to bond it to the diffuser or light pipe, a portion of the adhesive penetrates into the holes or perforations in the decor material. After the adhesive is in a perforation between the light guide and the visible side and thus the adhesive is "backlit", it is on the one hand visible from the visible side of the decorative material, which looks ugly. On the other hand, however, the different amount and distribution of the adhesive in the perforations also causes the intensity and distribution of the light transmitted through the perforation to vary from perforation to perforation, so that uniform illumination is not achieved.
  • Weiterhin ist es wünschenswert, dass die Herstellung solcher hinterleuchteten Dekormaterialien die Anforderungen eines Produktionsprozesses in einer industriellen Serienfertigung erfüllt, d.h. dass die perforierten Dekormaterialzuschnitte über mehrere Wochen zerstörungsfrei gelagert und erst zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt auf das Leuchtelement kaschiert werden können. Aus der DE 10 2011 082 344 A1 ist ein flächiges Dekormaterial für die Innenausstattung mit Perforationen bekannt, das dazu dient, auf seiner rückwärtigen Seite mit einer Leuchtvorrichtung beleuchtet zu werden und einen Teil des Lichts der Leuchtvorrichtung von der Rückseite des Dekormaterials durch die Perforationen zur Sichtseite des Dekormaterials hindurchtreten zu lassen. Hierbei wird das Leder in die entsprechende Form gebracht und dann werden die Perforationen in die Rückseite des Leders eingebracht, um eine Verzerrung der Perforationen bei der Umformung zu vermeiden. Anschließend wird das Leder gegebenenfalls mit einer transparenten Sperrfolie auf der Sichtseite und/oder Rückseite beschichtet, oder es wird ein Stabilisierungsmaterial in die Öffnungen eingebracht. Das Leder wird dann auf ein Trägermaterial aufkaschiert.Furthermore, it is desirable that the manufacture of such backlit decor materials meet the requirements of a production process in an industrial mass production, i. that the perforated decorative material blanks stored nondestructively over several weeks and can be laminated to the lighting element at a later date. From DE 10 2011 082 344 A1 a flat decorative material for the interior with perforations is known, which serves to be illuminated on its rear side with a lighting device and a part of the light of the lighting device from the back of the decorative material through the perforations to the visible side let the decorative material pass through. Here, the leather is brought into the appropriate shape and then the perforations are introduced into the back of the leather to avoid distortion of the perforations during the forming. Subsequently, the leather is optionally coated with a transparent barrier film on the visible side and / or back, or a stabilizing material is introduced into the openings. The leather is then laminated to a carrier material.
  • Aus der DE 10 2007 006 201 A1 ist eine Folie, die ein unter Temperatur- und/oder Druckerhöhung aktivierbarer Klebefilm ist, bekannt.DE 10 2007 006 201 A1 discloses a film which is an adhesive film that can be activated by increasing the temperature and / or pressure.
  • Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht darin, ein hinterleuchtbares Dekormaterial bereitzustellen, das eine optisch ansprechende, definierte Durchleuchtung aufweist und gleichzeitig die Anforderungen eines Produktionsprozesses in der industriellen Serienfertigung erfüllt. Ebenfalls ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein diesbezügliches Herstellungsverfahren anzugeben.The object of the present invention is to provide a backlit decorative material which has a visually appealing, defined fluoroscopy and at the same time meets the requirements of a production process in industrial series production. It is also an object of the present invention to provide a related manufacturing method.
  • Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 und 11 gelöst.This object is solved by the features of claims 1 and 11.
  • Das erfindungsgemäße flächige Dekormaterial weist Perforationen auf und dient dazu, auf seiner rückwärtigen Seite mit einer Leuchtvorrichtung beleuchtet zu werden und einen Teil des Lichts der Leuchtvorrichtung von der Rückseite des Dekormaterials durch die Perforationen zur Sichtseite des Dekormaterials durchtreten zu lassen, wobei auf der Rückseite des Dekormaterials eine Folie klebt und sich die Perforationen durch die Folie bis zur Sichtseite des Dekormaterials erstrecken und die Folie ein unter Temperatur- und/oder Druckerhöhung aktivierbarer Klebefilm ist, der unter Einwirkung eines Drucks p2 und/oder unter Temperaturerhöhung auf eine Temperatur T2 auf die Leuchtvorrichtung endgültig verklebbar oder kaschierbar ist. The sheet-like decorative material according to the invention has perforations and serves to be illuminated on its rear side with a lighting device and to allow a portion of the light of the lighting device from the back of the decorative material to pass through the perforations to the visible side of the decorative material, wherein on the back of the decorative material a film sticks and the perforations extend through the film to the visible side of the decorative material and the film is an activatable under temperature and / or pressure adhesive film, the final under the action of a pressure p2 and / or temperature increase to a temperature T2 to the lighting device can be glued or laminated.
  • Dadurch, dass die Rückseite des Dekormaterials mit der Folie verklebt ist oder zunächst verklebt wird und erst dann die Perforationen in den Verbund aus Folie und Dekormaterial eingebracht werden, kann kein Klebstoff in die Perforationen eindringen und somit der Strahlengang in der Perforation nicht gestört werden, so dass im Bereich der Perforationen eine optisch ansprechende und reproduzierbare Durch- bzw. Hinterleuchtung erreicht wird.The fact that the back of the decorative material is glued to the film or is first glued and only then the perforations in the composite of foil and decorative material are introduced, no adhesive can penetrate into the perforations and thus the beam path in the perforation not be disturbed, so that visually appealing and reproducible through- or backlighting is achieved in the area of the perforations.
  • Erfindungsgemäß ist die Folie eine latentreaktive Klebefolie, d.h. eine Klebefolie, die durch Temperaturerhöhung und/oder durch Druckeinwirkung für die endgültige Verklebung klebrig gemacht werden kann. Unter diesen „Aktivierungsbedingungen für die endgültige Verklebung“, d.h. der Temperaturerhöhung auf eine Temperatur T2 und/oder die Einwirkung eines Drucks p2, ist die Folie sehr klebrig und kann dann auf die Leuchtvorrichtung kaschiert werden und endgültig durchvernetzen.According to the invention, the film is a latent-reactive adhesive film, i. an adhesive sheet which can be tackified by temperature elevation and / or pressure for final bonding. Under these "activation conditions for final bonding", i. the temperature increase to a temperature T2 and / or the action of a pressure p2, the film is very sticky and can then be laminated on the lighting device and finally cross-linked.
  • Besonders bevorzugt erfolgt die Aktivierung durch Temperaturerhöhung auf T2 und Druckerhöhung auf p2.The activation is particularly preferably carried out by increasing the temperature to T2 and increasing the pressure to p2.
  • Unterhalb der „Aktivierungsbedingungen für die endgültige Verklebung“, der Temperatur T2 und dem Druck p2, ist die Klebefolie entweder nicht klebrig, dies ist unterhalb einer Temperatur T1 und unterhalb eines Drucks p1 der Fall. Oberhalb der Temperatur T1 und des Drucks p1, die gemeinsam die „Aktivierungsbedingungen für die Vorfixierung“ bilden, ist die Klebefolie etwas klebrig, und zwar so klebrig, dass sie im Rahmen einer Vorfixierung auf die Rückseite des Leders kaschiert werden kann und dort haftet. Nachdem der Klebefilm bei der Temperatur T1 und dem Druck p1 auf das Leder kaschiert ist, kann der Verbund wieder auf Raumtemperatur abgekühlt, perforiert und unter Normaldruck gelagert werden. Below the "final bonding activation conditions", the temperature T2 and the pressure p2, the adhesive film is either not tacky, this is below a temperature T1 and below a pressure p1. Above the temperature T1 and the pressure p1, which together form the "activation conditions for prefixing", the adhesive film is somewhat sticky, so sticky that it can be laminated on the back of the leather as part of a prefixing and adheres there. After the adhesive film is laminated to the leather at the temperature T1 and the pressure p1, the composite can be cooled back to room temperature, perforated and stored under normal pressure.
  • Im Allgemeinen werden Dekormaterial und Folie vor der Vorfixierung zugeschnitten und erst dann vorfixiert.In general, decorative material and film are cut to size before pre-fixing and only then pre-fixed.
  • Im Allgemeinen kann der perforierte Zuschnitt aus Dekormaterial und Folie an einem kühlen trockenen Platz über eine längere Zeitdauer von bis zu 6 Monaten gelagert und ggf. transportiert werden, um dann unter Einwirkung einer höheren Temperatur T2 als der Temperatur T1 und /oder einem höheren Druck p2 als dem Druck p1, nämlich unter den Aktivierungsbedingungen für die endgültige Verklebung, auf die Leuchtvorrichtung geklebt zu werden.In general, the perforated blank of decorative material and foil may be stored and optionally transported in a cool dry place for a longer period of time of up to 6 months to then be exposed to a higher temperature T2 than the temperature T1 and / or a higher pressure p2 as the pressure p1, namely under the activation conditions for the final bonding, to be glued to the lighting device.
  • Alternativ wird der Zuschnitt aus Dekormaterial und Folie nach der Vorfixierung abgekühlt und gelagert werden und die Perforationen erst zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt in den Zuschnitt eingebracht und dann der perforierte Zuschnitt – ggf. mit einer weiteren Zwischenlagerung – unter den Aktivierungsbedingungen T2 und/oder p2 für die endgültige Verklebung – auf die Leuchtvorrichtung aufkaschiert.Alternatively, the blank of decorative material and film is cooled after the prefixing and stored and introduced the perforations only at a later date in the blank and then the perforated blank - possibly with a further intermediate storage - under the activation conditions T2 and / or P2 for the final bonding - laminated on the lighting device.
  • Nachdem es möglich ist, die mit der latentreaktiven Klebefolie beschichteten Dekormaterialien über Monate zu lagern und erst zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt unter dem Pressdruck p2 und erhöhter Temperatur T2 zu aktivieren und auf das betreffende Teil, nämlich die Leuchtvorrichtung, zu kaschieren, werden die Anforderungen an die industrielle Serienfertigung erfüllt. After it is possible to store the coated with the latent-reactive adhesive film decorative materials for months and later to activate at a later time under the pressing pressure p2 and elevated temperature T2 and on the relevant part, namely the lighting device to hide, the requirements of industrial mass production met.
  • Das auf die Leuchtvorrichtung mittels der Folie kaschierte Dekormaterial kann anschließend mit der Unterseite der Leuchtvorrichtung mit einem Trägerelement wie einer Türverkleidung, einem Abstandsgewirke oder einem Schaumstoff verklebt werden.The decorative material laminated to the lighting device by means of the film can then be glued to the underside of the lighting device with a carrier element such as a door trim, a spacer knit or a foam.
  • Die Temperatur T1 für die Vorfixierung, d. h. die Temperatur, bei der die Folie etwas klebrig ist und vorfixiert werden kann, liegt im Allgemeinen unterhalb von 60 °C, vorzugsweise zwischen 40 °C und 55 °C. Je nach verwendeter Klebefolie kann die Temperatur jedoch auch höher oder niedriger sein. Der Druck p1 für die Vorfixierung liegt im Allgemeinen bei bis zu 20 N/cm2, vorzugsweise zwischen 10 N/cm2 und 20 N/cm2, und besonders bevorzugt bei etwa 15 N/cm2.The temperature T1 for prefixing, ie the temperature at which the film is somewhat tacky and can be prefixed, is generally below 60 ° C, preferably between 40 ° C and 55 ° C. However, depending on the adhesive film used, the temperature may be higher or lower. The pre-fixing pressure p1 is generally up to 20 N / cm 2 , preferably between 10 N / cm 2 and 20 N / cm 2 , and more preferably about 15 N / cm 2 .
  • Die Aktivierungstemperatur T2 für die endgültige Verklebung beträgt im Allgemeinen wenigstens 60 °C und vorzugsweise zwischen 70 °C und 110 °C. Bei diesen Temperaturen kann eine optimale nahezu unlösbare Verklebung erreicht werden, ohne dass das Dekormaterial durch den Wärmeeintrag geschädigt wird. Je nach verwendeter Klebefolie kann die Temperatur jedoch auch höher oder niedriger sein.The activation temperature T2 for the final bonding is generally at least 60 ° C and preferably between 70 ° C and 110 ° C. At these temperatures, an optimal almost insoluble bond can be achieved without the decorative material is damaged by the heat input. However, depending on the adhesive film used, the temperature may be higher or lower.
  • Der Pressdruck p2 für die Vernetzungsaktivierung (endgültige Verklebung) liegt zwischen 0,5 N/cm2 und 25 N/cm2 und bevorzugt zwischen 0,5 N/cm2 bis 2,0 N/cm2, abhängig vom zu verpressenden Material. Diese Pressdrücke sind so hoch, dass sie die Vorfixierung bzw. die Vernetzungsaktivierung ermöglichen, aber so gering, dass das Dekormaterial nicht geschädigt wird.The pressing pressure p2 for the crosslinking activation (final bonding) is between 0.5 N / cm 2 and 25 N / cm 2, and preferably between 0.5 N / cm 2 and 2.0 N / cm 2 , depending on the material to be pressed. These pressing pressures are so high that they allow for prefixing or crosslinking activation, but so low that the decor material is not damaged.
  • Nach der Aktivierung muss die Verklebung noch vollständig vernetzen. Im Allgemeinen kann die erforderliche (Nach)Vernetzungszeit durch eine längere Aktivierungszeit reduziert werden. After activation, the bond still has to be completely crosslinked. In general, the required (post) cure time can be reduced by a longer activation time.
  • Im Allgemeinen liegt die Nachvernetzungszeit bei 24 bis 48 Stunden.In general, the postcrosslinking time is 24 to 48 hours.
  • Durch die Temperatur- und/oder Druckerhöhung auf T2 und/oder p2 wird auch die im ersten Schritt nur vorfixierte Folie an dem Dekormaterial nun endgültig miteinander verklebt. As a result of the temperature and / or pressure increase to T2 and / or P2, the foil which has only been prefixed in the first step is finally finally glued to the decorative material.
  • Das Dekormaterial ist insbesondere ein flächiges Material wie Leder, Kunstleder, Kunststoff, Alcantara oder auch ein textiles Material. Im Allgemeinen ist das Dekormaterial lichtundurchlässig. Die Schichtdicke des Dekormaterials liegt vorzugsweise zwischen 0,5 mm und 3,0 mm und besonders bevorzugt zwischen 0,8 mm und 2,0 mm. The decorative material is in particular a flat material such as leather, synthetic leather, plastic, Alcantara or even a textile material. In general, the decorative material is opaque. The layer thickness of the decorative material is preferably between 0.5 mm and 3.0 mm and particularly preferably between 0.8 mm and 2.0 mm.
  • Die Folie ist insbesondere ein auf Polyurethan-Basis hergestellter Klebstofffilm mit einer integrierten zweiten Komponente, die bei der Aktivierung auf eine Temperatur T2 und einen Druck p2 mit der ersten Komponente zu reagieren beginnt und damit eine hochfeste Verklebung erzeugt. Die zweite Komponente ist vorzugsweise ein Isocyanat, das vorzugsweise in gekapselter Form vorliegt.In particular, the film is a polyurethane-based adhesive film having an integrated second component which, upon activation, begins to react to a temperature T2 and pressure p2 with the first component to produce a high strength bond. The second component is preferably an isocyanate which is preferably in encapsulated form.
  • Im Allgemeinen beträgt die Schichtdicke der Folie zwischen 25 und 200 Mikrometer und vorzugsweise zwischen 70 und 130 Mikrometer.In general, the film thickness of the film is between 25 and 200 micrometers, and preferably between 70 and 130 micrometers.
  • In einer Variante der Erfindung kann das Dekormaterial jedoch auch eine geringfügige Lichtdurchlässigkeit aufweisen, so dass schon ohne Perforationen eine geringe Lichtmenge auf der Sichtseite des Dekormaterials bei Hinterleuchtung austritt.In a variant of the invention, however, the decorative material may also have a slight translucency, so that even without perforations a small amount of light exits on the visible side of the decorative material in the case of backlighting.
  • Grundsätzlich können in dem Dekormaterial die unterschiedlichsten Perforationen eingebracht werden. In einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Perforationen jeweils mit gleichem Abstand voneinander beabstandet, in einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform sind die Abstände der Perforationen untereinander unterschiedlich. In principle, the most varied perforations can be introduced in the decorative material. In a first preferred embodiment, the perforations are each spaced equidistant from each other, in a further preferred embodiment, the spacings of the perforations are different from each other.
  • Beliebige Formen der Perforationen sind möglich, kreisförmige Perforationen, rechteckige, dreieckige Perforationen, sternförmige Perforationen, quadratische Perforationen, Buchstaben, Logos etc. Je größer die Perforation, desto mehr Licht tritt durch eine Perforation hindurch und desto heller ist die Hinterleuchtung.Any forms of perforations are possible, circular perforations, rectangular, triangular perforations, star-shaped perforations, square perforations, letters, logos, etc. The larger the perforation, the more light passes through a perforation and the brighter the backlighting.
  • Auch verschiedene unterschiedliche Perforationen können kombiniert werden.Also different different perforations can be combined.
  • Ein hellerer Zentralbereich der Hinterleuchtung kann beispielsweise dadurch erzielt werden, dass die Perforationen im Zentrum größer und/oder mit einem geringeren Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind als im Randbereich.A brighter central region of the backlighting can be achieved, for example, by making the perforations in the center larger and / or at a smaller distance from each other than in the edge region.
  • Im Allgemeinen sollte der Durchmesser einer Perforation zwischen 0,5 mm und 5 mm, vorzugweise zwischen 0,8 mm und 3 mm betragen, um einerseits einen Mindestlichtdurchtritt durch eine Perforation zu erreichen, andererseits jedoch auch die Materialeigenschaften, Optik, Haptik und Flächigkeit des Dekormaterials zu erhalten. In general, the diameter of a perforation should be between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 0.8 mm and 3 mm, on the one hand to achieve a minimum light penetration through a perforation, on the other hand, however, the material properties, appearance, feel and flatness of the decorative material to obtain.
  • Grundsätzlich weisen die Perforationen eine zylinderförmige Form auf, d.h. die Perforationen erstrecken sich unter einem rechten Winkel zur Oberfläche des Dekormaterials. Hierbei können die Perforationen alle denselben Querschnitt oder einen unterschiedlichen Querschnitt aufweisen.Basically, the perforations have a cylindrical shape, i. the perforations extend at a right angle to the surface of the decorative material. In this case, the perforations can all have the same cross section or a different cross section.
  • Die Leuchtvorrichtung umfasst eine Lichtquelle wie beispielsweise eine LED-Lampe. Zudem kann die Leuchtvorrichtung auch einen Lichtleiter, beispielsweise aus Silikon, einen Lichtdiffusor und einen Reflektor umfassen.The lighting device comprises a light source such as an LED lamp. In addition, the lighting device may also include a light guide, for example made of silicone, a light diffuser and a reflector.
  • Der Lichtdiffusor, der ein Vlies, ein Abstandgewirke oder ein anderes lichtstreuendes Textil sein kann, ist im Allgemeinen auf der der Dekorschicht abgewandten Seite der Folie angeordnet und sorgt dafür, dass diffuses Licht in die Perforationen eingestrahlt wird.The light diffuser, which may be a nonwoven fabric, a spacer fabric or another light-scattering textile, is generally arranged on the side of the film facing away from the decorative layer and ensures that diffused light is irradiated into the perforations.
  • Auf der anderen Seite des Lichtleiters ist im Allgemeinen ein Reflektor angeordnet, der bewirkt, dass das Licht entlang des Lichtleiters geleitet wird und alle Perforationen erreicht.On the other side of the light guide, a reflector is generally arranged which causes the light to pass along the light guide and reach all perforations.
  • Vorzugsweise ist die Folie auf der nach oben weisenden Seite eines Diffusors aufgeklebt, der sich wiederum auf der nach oben weisenden Seite des Lichtleiters befindet, und wobei an der Unterseite des Lichtleiters ein Reflektor angeordnet ist. Seitlich des Lichtleiters befindet sich eine Lichtquelle, z.B. eine LED-Lampe, deren Licht in den Lichtleiter eingestrahlt wird.Preferably, the film is adhered to the upwardly facing side of a diffuser, which in turn is located on the upward-facing side of the light guide, and wherein a reflector is disposed on the underside of the light guide. At the side of the light guide is a light source, e.g. an LED lamp whose light is radiated into the light guide.
  • Selbstverständlich können die Komponenten auch anders angeordnet sein.Of course, the components can also be arranged differently.
  • Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher beschrieben.The invention will be described in more detail with reference to an embodiment.
  • Es zeigt:It shows:
  • Figur 1 eine schematische Ansicht des Schichtaufbaus einer Türverkleidung mit hinterleuchteter Dekorschicht,FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of the layer structure of a door trim with backlit decorative layer,
  • Figur 2 eine vergrößerte Ansicht des Bereichs A aus Figur 1, in der auch die Folie sichtbar ist undFigure 2 is an enlarged view of the area A of Figure 1, in which the film is visible and
  • Figur 3 eine Darstellung des allgemeinen Funktionsprinzips der Hinterleuchtung.Figure 3 is a representation of the general principle of operation of the backlighting.
  • Das Dekormaterial 11 in Figur 1 und 2 weist mit der Sichtseite 14 nach oben in den Fahrzeuginnenraum.The decorative material 11 in Figure 1 and 2, with the visible side 14 upwards in the vehicle interior.
  • In der vergrößerten Darstellung in Figur 2 erkennt man, dass das Dekormaterial 11 mit seiner Rückseite 13 mit der Folie 20 vollflächig verklebt ist. In the enlarged view in Figure 2 it can be seen that the decorative material 11 is glued with its back 13 with the film 20 over its entire surface.
  • Dekormaterial 11 und Folie 20 wurden vor der Vorfixierung zugeschnitten.Decor material 11 and film 20 were cut to size prior to prefixing.
  • Die Folie 20 ist ein latent reaktiver Klebefilm, der bei einer ersten Temperatur T1 und unter einem ersten Pressdruck p1, die etwa bei 50 °C und 5 N/cm2 liegen, in den leicht klebrigen Zustand für die Vorfixierung überführt werden kann. In diesem Zustand wird die Folie 20 mit ihrer in Figur 2 nach oben weisenden Seite mit der Rückseite 13 des Dekormaterials 11 leicht verklebt (vorfixiert). Diese Vorfixierung ist ausreichend, um ein Ablösen der Klebefolie von dem Dekormaterial 11 oder ein Verrutschen bei der Lagerung oder während des Perforierens zu vermeiden. The film 20 is a latent-reactive adhesive film which can be transferred to the slightly sticky state for prefixing at a first temperature T1 and under a first pressing pressure p1, which are approximately at 50 ° C and 5 N / cm 2 . In this state, the film 20 with its in Figure 2 upwardly facing side with the back 13 of the decorative material 11 is easily glued (prefixed). This prefixing is sufficient to prevent detachment of the adhesive film from the decorative material 11 or slippage during storage or during perforation.
  • Als Folie 20 kann beispielsweise die bei H. B. Fuller unter der Bezeichnung FlexeeTM EM9002 erhältliche Folie eingesetzt werden, wobei eine Schichtdicke von 100 Mikrometer bevorzugt ist.As film 20, for example, the film available from HB Fuller under the name Flexee ™ EM9002 can be used, with a layer thickness of 100 micrometers being preferred.
  • Nach der Vorfixierung können in den fixierten Zuschnitt aus Dekormaterial 11 und Folie 20 nun die Perforationen 12 beispielsweise mittels einer Stanze eingebracht werden. Die Perforationen 12 erstrecken sich dabei durch das Dekormaterial 11 und durch die Folie 20. After prefixing, the perforations 12 can now be introduced into the fixed blank of decorative material 11 and foil 20, for example by means of a punch. The perforations 12 extend through the decorative material 11 and through the film 20.
  • In Figur 1 und 3 sind die Abstände der Perforationen 12 untereinander teilweise verschieden.In Figures 1 and 3 , the distances of the perforations 12 are partially different from each other.
  • Der perforierte Zuschnitt kann dann, ggf. nach einer Lagerung von bis zu 6 Monaten, auf die Aktivierungstemperatur T2 von 75 °C bis 110 °C aktiviert und dann der perforierte Zuschnitt unter einem Pressdruck von 5 bis 20 N/cm2 endgültig mit der Leuchtvorrichtung 18 verklebt werden. Hierdurch wird eine feste Klebeverbindung zwischen der Folie 20 und der Leuchtvorrichtung 18 erzielt. Unter den Aktivierungsbedingungen für die endgültige Verklebung wird gleichzeitig auch eine vollständige Vernetzung der durch die Vorfixierung noch unvollständigen Haftung zwischen dem Dekormaterial 11 und der Folie 20 erreicht.The perforated blank can then, possibly after storage for up to 6 months, activated to the activation temperature T2 of 75 ° C to 110 ° C and then the perforated blank under a pressure of 5 to 20 N / cm 2 final with the lighting device 18 glued. As a result, a firm adhesive bond between the film 20 and the lighting device 18 is achieved. At the same time, complete crosslinking of the adhesion, which is still incomplete due to prefixing, between the decorative material 11 and the film 20 is achieved under the activation conditions for the final bonding.
  • Falls gewünscht, kann anschließend auf die dem Dekormaterial 11 abgewandte Seite der Leuchtvorrichtung 18 noch ein Abstandsgewirke oder Schaumstoff 26 kaschiert werden und der Verbund dann über die Unterseite des Abstandsgewirkes oder Schaumstoffs 26 mit einem Trägerteil 25 einer Türverkleidung verklebt werden. Selbstverständlich kann auch zunächst das Abstandsgewirke 26 mit dem Trägerteil 25 verklebt und dann auf dieses der Verbund aus Dekormaterial 11 / Folie 20 / Leuchtvorrichtung 18 aufgeklebt werden. Ebenfalls kann bei dem Schichtaufbau auch das Abstandsgewirke oder Schaumstoff 26 weggelassen werden.If desired, can then be on the decorative material 11 side facing away from the light emitting device 18 still a spacer fabric or foam 26 are laminated and the composite are then glued over the bottom of the spacer fabric or foam 26 with a support member 25 of a door trim. Of course, first the spacer knitted fabric 26 can be glued to the carrier part 25 and then glued onto this the composite of decorative material 11 / foil 20 / lighting device 18. Likewise, the spacer fabric or foam 26 may be omitted in the layer construction.
  • Die Leuchtvorrichtung 18 umfasst eine Lichtquelle 21 wie eine LED-Lampe, einen vorzugsweise flexiblen Lichtleiter 22, einen Reflektor 24 und einen Diffusor 23. Der Diffusor 23 ist flächig und kann beispielsweise ein Vlies sein. Er dient dazu, das in der Lichtquelle 21 erzeugte Licht diffus zu machen und so eine gerichtete blendende Lichtstrahlung zu verhindern.The lighting device 18 comprises a light source 21 such as an LED lamp, a preferably flexible light guide 22, a reflector 24 and a diffuser 23. The diffuser 23 is flat and may for example be a nonwoven. It serves to make the light generated in the light source 21 diffuse and to prevent a directed dazzling light radiation.
  • In dieser Variante bildet der Diffusor 23 die obere Außenseite der Leuchtvorrichtung 18. Sofern keine diffuse Hinterleuchtung gewünscht ist, kann der Diffusor 23 auch weggelassen werden.In this variant, the diffuser 23 forms the upper outside of the lighting device 18. Unless diffuse backlighting is desired, the diffuser 23 can also be omitted.

Claims (15)

  1. Flächiges Dekormaterial (11) für die Innenausstattung mit Perforationen (12), das dazu dient, auf seiner rückwärtigen Seite (13) mit einer Leuchtvorrichtung (18) beleuchtet zu werden und einen Teil des Lichts der Leuchtvorrichtung (18) von der Rückseite (13) des Dekormaterials (11) durch die Perforationen (12) zur Sichtseite (14) des Dekormaterials (11) hindurchtreten zu lassen, wobei auf der Rückseite (13) des Dekormaterials (11) eine Folie (20) klebt und sich die Perforationen (12) durch die Folie (20) bis zur Sichtseite (14) des Dekormaterials (11) erstrecken und die Folie (20) ein unter Temperatur- und/oder Druckerhöhung aktivierbarer Klebefilm ist, der unter Temperaturerhöhung auf eine Temperatur T2 und/oder Druckerhöhung auf einen Druck p2 auf die Leuchtvorrichtung (18) endgültig verklebbar ist.Interior decorative sheet material (11) with perforations (12) for illuminating on its rear side (13) with a lighting device (18) and a part of the light from the lighting device (18) from the back (13) of the decorative material (11) through the perforations (12) to the visible side (14) of the decorative material (11), wherein on the back (13) of the decorative material (11) a film (20) sticks and the perforations (12) extend through the film (20) to the visible side (14) of the decorative material (11) and the film (20) is an activatable under temperature and / or pressure adhesive film, the temperature increase to a temperature T2 and / or pressure increase to a pressure p2 on the lighting device (18) is finally glued.
  2. Dekormaterial (11) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wärme- und/oder druckaktivierbare Folie (20) unter den Applikationsbedingungen für die Vorfixierung, nämlich der Erhöhung einer ersten Temperatur auf eine Temperatur T1, die geringer als die Temperatur T2 ist, und/oder einer ersten Druckerhöhung auf einen Druck p1, der geringer oder gleich dem Druck p2 ist, auf der Rückseite (13) des Dekormaterials (11) vorkaschiert ist.Decorative material (11) according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat and / or pressure activatable film (20) under the application conditions for the prefixing, namely the increase of a first temperature to a temperature T1, which is lower than the temperature T2, and / or a first pressure increase to a pressure p1, which is less than or equal to the pressure p2, on the back (13) of the decorative material (11) is pre-laminated.
  3. Dekormaterial (11) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperatur T1 weniger als 60 °C und besonders bevorzugt zwischen 40 °C und 55 °C beträgt und/oder der Druck p1 bis zu 20 N/cm2, vorzugsweise zwischen 10 N/cm2 und 20 N/cm2, und besonders bevorzugt etwa 15 N/cm2 beträgt.Decorative material (11) according to claim 2, characterized in that the temperature T1 is less than 60 ° C and more preferably between 40 ° C and 55 ° C and / or the pressure p1 up to 20 N / cm 2 , preferably between 10 N / cm 2 and 20 N / cm 2 , and more preferably about 15 N / cm 2 .
  4. Dekormaterial (11) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperatur T2 wenigstens Decorative material (11) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the temperature T2 at least
    60 °C, vorzugsweise zwischen 70 °C und 110 °C beträgt und/oder der Druck p2 zwischen 0,5 N/cm2 und 25 N/cm2 und bevorzugt zwischen 0,5 N/cm2 und 2,0 N/cm2 beträgt.60 ° C, preferably between 70 ° C and 110 ° C and / or the pressure p2 between 0.5 N / cm 2 and 25 N / cm 2 and preferably between 0.5 N / cm 2 and 2.0 N / cm 2 .
  5. Dekormaterial (11) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Folie (20) ein auf Polyurethan-Basis hergestellter Klebstofffilm ist mit einer integrierten zweiten Komponente, die bei der Aktivierung auf eine Temperatur T2 und einen Druck p2 mit der ersten Komponenten zu reagieren beginnt und damit eine hochfeste Verklebung erzeugt.Decorative material (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the film (20) is a polyurethane-based adhesive film with an integrated second component which upon activation to a temperature T2 and a pressure p2 with the first components to begins to react and thus produces a high-strength bond.
  6. Dekormaterial (11) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schichtdicke der Folie (20) zwischen 25 und 200 Mikrometer und vorzugsweise zwischen 70 und 130 Mikrometer beträgt.Decorative material (11) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the layer thickness of the film (20) is between 25 and 200 micrometers and preferably between 70 and 130 micrometers.
  7. Dekormaterial (11) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Abstand zwischen den Perforationen (12) in dem Dekormaterial (11) gleich oder verschieden ist.Decorative material (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance between the perforations (12) in the decorative material (11) is the same or different.
  8. Dekormaterial (11) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Perforationen (12) alle dieselbe Form oder unterschiedliche Formen aufweisen und/oder dieselbe Größe oder unterschiedliche Größen und/oder denselben Querschnitt oder einen unterschiedlichen Querschnitt.Decorative material (11) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the perforations (12) all have the same shape or different shapes and / or the same size or different sizes and / or the same cross section or a different cross section.
  9. Dekormaterial (11) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Leuchtvorrichtung (18) eine Lichtquelle (21) und einen Lichtleiter (22) und/oder einen Diffusor (23) und/oder einen Reflektor (24) umfasst.Decorative material (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lighting device (18) comprises a light source (21) and a light guide (22) and / or a diffuser (23) and / or a reflector (24).
  10. Dekormaterial (11) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass unterhalb der Rückseite der Leuchtvorrichtung (18) ein Trägerelement (25), insbesondere eine Türverkleidung, ein Abstandsgewirke oder ein Schaumstoff, vorgesehen ist.Decorative material (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that below the rear side of the lighting device (18) a support element (25), in particular a door trim, a spacer knit or a foam, is provided.
  11. Dekormaterial (11) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schichtdicke des Dekormaterials (11) vorzugsweise zwischen 0,5 mm und 3,0 mm und besonders bevorzugt zwischen 0,8 mm und 2,0 mm liegt.Decorative material (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the layer thickness of the decorative material (11) is preferably between 0.5 mm and 3.0 mm and particularly preferably between 0.8 mm and 2.0 mm.
  12. Dekormaterial (11) nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchmesser einer Perforation (12) zwischen 0,5 mm und 5 mm, vorzugweise zwischen 0,8 mm und 3 mm, beträgt.Decorative material (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of a perforation (12) between 0.5 mm and 5 mm, preferably between 0.8 mm and 3 mm.
  13. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines hinterleuchteten Dekormaterials, bei dem zunächst eine Folie (20), die bei einer ersten Temperatur T1 und einem ersten Druck p1 klebrig wird, bei der Temperatur T1 und dem Druck p1 auf die Rückseite (13) des flächigen Dekormaterials (11) kaschiert wird und anschließend oder nach Lagerung zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt in den Verbund aus Dekormaterial (11) mit Folie (20) eine Vielzahl von Perforationen (12) eingebracht werden und der perforierte Verbund dann anschließend oder nach Lagerung unter Erwärmen auf eine Temperatur T2, die höher als die Temperatur T1 ist, auf eine Leuchtvorrichtung (18) kaschiert wird.Method for producing a backlit decorative material, in which initially a film (20), which becomes tacky at a first temperature T1 and a first pressure p1, at the temperature T1 and the pressure p1 on the rear side (13) of the sheet-like decorative material (11) is laminated and then or after storage at a later time in the composite of decorative material (11) with film (20) a plurality of perforations (12) are introduced and the perforated composite then subsequently or after storage with heating to a temperature T2, the higher than the temperature T1, is laminated on a lighting device (18).
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Dekormaterial (11) und die Folie (20) zugeschnitten sind.A method according to claim 13, characterized in that the decorative material (11) and the film (20) are cut to size.
  15. Verwendung des Dekormaterials nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 12 in der Automobilindustrie.Use of the decorative material according to any one of claims 1 to 12 in the automotive industry.
EP17780087.7A 2016-11-04 2017-10-04 Backlit decorative surface, particularly for the interior finishing of motor vehicles Pending EP3535164A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102016121042.0A DE102016121042A1 (en) 2016-11-04 2016-11-04 Backlit decorative surface, especially for the interior fittings of motor vehicles
PCT/EP2017/075211 WO2018082856A1 (en) 2016-11-04 2017-10-04 Backlit decorative surface, particularly for the interior finishing of motor vehicles

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CN110035929B (en) 2023-01-03
CN110035929A (en) 2019-07-19
US10864851B2 (en) 2020-12-15
US20190283667A1 (en) 2019-09-19
WO2018082856A1 (en) 2018-05-11

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