EP3532689B1 - Opening and closing system having an ejection apparatus for an item of furniture, and operating method for an opening and closing system - Google Patents
Opening and closing system having an ejection apparatus for an item of furniture, and operating method for an opening and closing system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3532689B1 EP3532689B1 EP17797554.7A EP17797554A EP3532689B1 EP 3532689 B1 EP3532689 B1 EP 3532689B1 EP 17797554 A EP17797554 A EP 17797554A EP 3532689 B1 EP3532689 B1 EP 3532689B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- opening
- closing system
- plunger
- ejection
- hinge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F1/00—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass
- E05F1/08—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings
- E05F1/10—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance
- E05F1/1041—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance with a coil spring perpendicular to the pivot axis
- E05F1/105—Closers or openers for wings, not otherwise provided for in this subclass spring-actuated, e.g. for horizontally sliding wings for swinging wings, e.g. counterbalance with a coil spring perpendicular to the pivot axis with a compression spring
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/60—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators
- E05F15/603—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors
- E05F15/611—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for swinging wings
- E05F15/616—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for swinging wings operated by push-pull mechanisms
- E05F15/622—Power-operated mechanisms for wings using electrical actuators using rotary electromotors for swinging wings operated by push-pull mechanisms using screw-and-nut mechanisms
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F15/00—Power-operated mechanisms for wings
- E05F15/70—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation
- E05F15/79—Power-operated mechanisms for wings with automatic actuation using time control
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05F—DEVICES FOR MOVING WINGS INTO OPEN OR CLOSED POSITION; CHECKS FOR WINGS; WING FITTINGS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, CONCERNED WITH THE FUNCTIONING OF THE WING
- E05F3/00—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices
- E05F3/04—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes
- E05F3/10—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction
- E05F3/108—Closers or openers with braking devices, e.g. checks; Construction of pneumatic or liquid braking devices with liquid piston brakes with a spring, other than a torsion spring, and a piston, the axes of which are the same or lie in the same direction with piston rod protruding from the closer housing; Telescoping closers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/20—Brakes; Disengaging means; Holders; Stops; Valves; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/218—Holders
- E05Y2201/22—Locks
- E05Y2201/221—Touch latches
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/40—Motors; Magnets; Springs; Weights; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/404—Function thereof
- E05Y2201/422—Function thereof for opening
- E05Y2201/426—Function thereof for opening for the initial opening movement
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
- E05Y2201/622—Suspension or transmission members elements
- E05Y2201/686—Rods, links
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2400/00—Electronic control; Electrical power; Power supply; Power or signal transmission; User interfaces
- E05Y2400/61—Power supply
- E05Y2400/612—Batteries
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES E05D AND E05F, RELATING TO CONSTRUCTION ELEMENTS, ELECTRIC CONTROL, POWER SUPPLY, POWER SIGNAL OR TRANSMISSION, USER INTERFACES, MOUNTING OR COUPLING, DETAILS, ACCESSORIES, AUXILIARY OPERATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, APPLICATION THEREOF
- E05Y2900/00—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof
- E05Y2900/20—Application of doors, windows, wings or fittings thereof for furniture, e.g. cabinets
Definitions
- the invention relates to an opening and closing system for furniture, which has at least one movable furniture part and a movement fitting.
- the opening and closing system comprises an ejection device with a tensionable mechanical energy store and a tensioning device for charging the mechanical energy store, the tensioning device being supplied with energy via an electrical energy store.
- the ejection device is set up to move the movable furniture part into a partially open position when the mechanical energy store is unlocked.
- the invention further relates to an operating method for such an opening and closing system.
- push-to-open devices are known with which the door can also be made without a handle or a recessed handle mounted on the door.
- an ejection element for example a plunger
- the door is pushed open at least to such an extent that it can be gripped behind for opening.
- an ejection element for example a plunger
- the door is closed against the force of the ejection element, as a result of which the energy store of the ejection device is tensioned again.
- a locking mechanism with a heart curve is provided as the control curve, which holds the ejection element in the tensioned position until the door is pressed against the furniture body again.
- the publication WO 2008/135315 A2 describes an electromotive ejection device which is further developed in one embodiment so that it can also retract the furniture part. It is disadvantageous that, due to the purely electric motor drive, the ejection device must have an appropriately dimensioned electric motor which is associated with a larger installation space.
- an ejection device for furniture in which a plunger serves as an ejection element spring-loaded for pushing open the movable furniture part.
- an electric drive unit is provided which, after the movable furniture part has been pushed open, tensions the energy store of the ejection device again and thus the ejection element drives in.
- the furniture part for example the furniture door
- the ejector can also be combined with a self-retracting device, by means of which the closing process of the furniture part is made even more comfortable and a safe taking of the closed position is achieved.
- a sensor is provided which registers a movement of the movable furniture part by the user.
- the energy storage device of the ejection device is locked in the loaded position by the drive unit.
- the drive unit first releases the lock, so that the energy store relaxes and the furniture part moves and pulls the ejection element back into the retracted position while the energy store is being charged.
- the publication WO 2010/009780 A1 shows a comparable system, wherein in this system the ejection device is arranged on a pull-out guide. The ejection device reloads the energy store immediately after the ejection.
- a disadvantage of the previously known systems is that a closing process must always be carried out manually.
- the ejection device is triggered unintentionally by the user, there is a risk that the door remains in the partially open position until it is closed again by the user.
- a household appliance such as a refrigerator or a freezer, which is considered to be furniture in the context of the application, it would be desirable if the door, as a moving piece of furniture, would automatically move back into the closed position after the ejection mechanism was triggered inadvertently.
- An opening and closing system is characterized in that the movement fitting has a retraction device and a damping device which is provided to dampen the movable furniture part from a partially open position, which is within a predetermined effective range, into a closed position to move.
- the partially opened position of the movable furniture part achieved by the ejection device lies within the predetermined effective range of the feed device.
- the movable furniture part e.g. a door or a push element
- the movable furniture part e.g. a door or a push element
- automatic closing is thus achieved even after the ejection device has been triggered unintentionally.
- the forces acting on the furniture part of the energy store of the ejection device and the pull-in device are selected such that the ejection device can open the furniture part against the force of the pull-in device and - as long as the ejection element is not pulled back by the tensioning device - can also keep it open.
- household appliances such as e.g. To view refrigerators or freezers as furniture in which the opening and closing system according to the invention can be used.
- the ejection device has a linearly displaceable plunger as an ejection element for the movable furniture part.
- a spring is preferably provided as a mechanical energy store.
- a heart curve control is further preferably provided in order to lock the plunger in a retracted rest position when the spring is tensioned and to release it beyond the rest position after mechanical pressing. In this way, the ejection device can be operated completely mechanically.
- the automatic tensioning of the spring by the tensioning device is a comfort function, but is not a prerequisite for the push-to-open functionality.
- the opening and closing system thus remains in the event of a malfunction of the electrical components of the system or usable with a discharged energy storage.
- Batteries for example disposable batteries or rechargeable batteries, can preferably be used as energy stores.
- the energy storage formed by the batteries provides a nominal voltage of 0.8 V (volts) to 24 V.
- the tensioning device has a sensor that detects a position of the plunger.
- the sensor can be used to activate the clamping device.
- a timer is preferably started, which initially runs without further actions for an adjustable or fixed predetermined time. During this time, the user is given the opportunity to use the ejector reach behind the movable furniture part and open it completely. The time can range from a few seconds to a few tens of seconds. After this time, the clamping device is activated.
- the ejection device can have a mechanical slide, which protrudes pretensioned over a housing of the ejection device and bears against the movable furniture part in a closed position, wherein the ejection device has a sensor which detects a position of the slide.
- the mechanical slide is preferably a sleeve which is arranged concentrically around the tappet.
- the senor can be a button whose contacts e.g. are open when the movable furniture part is in the closed position.
- the tensioning device of the ejection device has an electric motor, preferably a DC low-voltage motor, with a downstream gear and a spindle, a spindle nut arranged on the spindle engaging in a driver of the tappet around the latter to move to the rest position.
- an electric motor preferably a DC low-voltage motor
- the tensioning device of the ejection device has an electric motor, preferably a DC low-voltage motor, with a downstream gear and a spindle, a spindle nut arranged on the spindle engaging in a driver of the tappet around the latter to move to the rest position.
- the tensioning device only carries out the tensioning process when the voltage of the electrical energy store is above a defined undervoltage limit of at least 3 V nominal voltage or a higher value. This ensures that the spindle nut can always be moved into the rest position.
- the undervoltage limit is checked before each clamping operation. If the undervoltage limit is undershot, no further tensioning process is triggered. From this point in time, the battery can be replaced, and the ejection device can continue to be operated. Only the clamping process then has to be carried out manually by one person.
- the tensioning device only carries out the tensioning process when the voltage of the electrical energy store is below a defined overvoltage limit of at most 24 V or a low value. This measure protects the system against overvoltage.
- the undervoltage limit and the overvoltage limit are advantageously selected such that a difference between the two limit values is at least 1.8 V.
- the ejection device has a circuit board with a control device, which has a microcontroller and switching elements controlled thereby in an H-bridge arrangement for controlling the motor.
- the switching elements of the H-bridge arrangement are preferably MOSFETs (metal-oxide semiconductor fields effect transistors) or IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors) and the microcontroller is designed in CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) technology.
- MOSFETs metal-oxide semiconductor fields effect transistors
- IGBTs insulated gate bipolar transistors
- CMOS complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
- the control device has a sleep mode, the maximum quiescent current consumption in the sleep mode being less than 200 nA and preferably less than 150 nA.
- the control device has current measuring means for measuring an operating current of the motor.
- the control device is preferably set up to recognize an end position of the spindle nut on the basis of an exceeding of a predetermined limit value of the measured motor current. In this way, it is possible to dispense with a sensor for detecting the end position of the spindle nut, which simplifies the mechanical structure of the ejection device and reduces manufacturing costs.
- the limit value is furthermore dependent on a measured voltage of the electrical energy store, e.g. the batteries. In this way, a reliable detection of the end position of the spindle nut is ensured, even when the batteries' charge level decreases.
- the movement fitting is designed as a hinge with a pull-in device and an integrated damping device.
- the hinge can be a so-called single-joint, four-joint or seven-joint hinge integrated damping.
- Generic hinges are for example in the DE 20 2011 103 288 U1 , DE 101 21 977 B4 , EP 2 176 486 B1 or WO2014 / 118320A1 disclosed.
- the damping device in the hinge can have a tension or compression linear damper or a rotation damper. These dampers can be arranged in the hinge cup or in the hinge arm.
- the hinge advantageously has a hinge cup which is mounted on the door side and a hinge arm which is optionally mounted directly or by means of a mounting plate on the body side.
- the hinge has a closing spring and a damping device.
- the closing spring acts here as a retraction device.
- the damping device in the hinge can have a tension or compression linear damper or a rotation damper. These dampers can be arranged in the hinge cup or in the hinge arm.
- the linear damper is pivotally arranged in the hinge arm and is coupled at least temporarily to at least one articulated arm of the hinge via coupling means.
- the damping device and the retraction device of the hinge are effective during the closing process between an opening angle of the door of at least 10 ° and a closed position of the door.
- the operating method according to the invention is set up for an opening and closing system for a piece of furniture, which has at least one movable furniture part and a hinge with a pull-in device and a damping device, the opening and closing system being an ejection device with a tensionable mechanical energy store and a tensioning device for charging the Has mechanical energy storage, wherein the tensioning device is supplied with energy by an electrical energy storage.
- the operating method has the following steps: The ejection device of the opening and closing system moves the movable furniture part into a partially open position after manually pressing the movable furniture part by means of an ejection element.
- the tensioning device charges the mechanical energy store and thereby pulls in the ejection element, the movable furniture part being moved by the retraction device of the hinge and against a damping effect of the damping device into a closed position while the ejection element is being pulled in becomes.
- the predetermined period of time gives the user the opportunity to open the pressed-on furniture part completely. If this is not done, the furniture part is automatically brought back into the closed position by the interaction of the clamping device and the pull-in device.
- the ejection element is a linearly movable tappet.
- the tensioning device of the ejection device has an electric motor, preferably a DC voltage low-voltage motor, with a downstream gear and a spindle, wherein a spindle nut arranged on the spindle can engage in a driver of the tappet.
- the spindle nut is moved so that the plunger is moved into a retracted position.
- the spindle nut is then moved in the opposite direction to a rest position.
- a heart curve control is preferably provided in order to lock the plunger in the retracted rest position, the rest position of the plunger being reached for locking while the spindle nut moves in the direction of its rest position.
- Fig. 1 shows an isometric view of a piece of furniture 1 with an opening and closing device according to the application.
- a cabinet is shown here as an example of furniture 1.
- the furniture 1 has a body 2 with side walls 3.
- a door is pivotably articulated as a movable furniture part 4 (hereinafter also referred to as door 4) with a movement fitting that is not visible here.
- the movement fitting which here has two hinges, for example, is provided with a (self) retraction device, preferably with a damping device, so that the door 4 is retracted during the closing process as soon as a certain opening angle is undershot.
- An ejection device 10 is mounted on the opposite side wall 3, as can be seen from the omissions in the body 2 and the door 4.
- the section of the furniture 1 with the ejection device 10 is in Fig. 1b shown enlarged in more detail.
- the ejection device 10 comprises a housing 11 from which a plunger 12 can extend for opening the door 4.
- a sleeve 13 is arranged concentrically with the plunger 12 and serves to control the ejection device 10, as will be explained in more detail below.
- FIG. 2 shows the furniture 1 with the door 4 closed, the ejection device 10 being in a rest position. In this state, the plunger 12 (in this Fig. 2 not visible) and the sleeve 13 on the inner surface of the door 4. Between the door 4 and the side wall 3, a gap can be seen, which pushes the door 4 towards the Furniture body 2 enables. This movement serves to trigger the ejection device 10.
- Fig. 3 the ejection device 10 is shown with the plunger 12 extended.
- the extended plunger 12 has accordingly opened the door 4 against the closing force of the self-closing device of the movement fitting.
- the sleeve 13, which is also displaceable in its movement independently of the tappet 12 in the ejection device 10, is opposite the one in FIG Fig. 2 position shown also disengaged.
- the sleeve 13 is only disengaged by a few millimeters. As will be explained in detail below, disengaging the sleeve 13 serves to detect the position of the door 4 independently of the tappet 12.
- the door 4 opened so far that a user can comfortably reach behind the door 4 and open it completely.
- the opening angle of the door 4 is chosen by the geometry of the door 4, the positioning of the ejection device 10 and the stroke of the ram 12 so that it is still within the angular range in which the self-closing device of the movement fitting is active. Accordingly, the door 4 bears against the plunger 12 with the force applied by the pull-in device, thereby preventing the door 4 from swinging open uncontrollably after the ejection process.
- Fig. 4a the ejector 10 is shown in more detail in a top view.
- a housing cover is removed from the housing 11 in order to obtain an insight into the internal structure of the ejection device 10.
- Fig. 4b shows the ejection device 10 in the same operating position as Fig. 4a in an isometric oblique view.
- the ejection device 10 has an essentially rectangular oversize.
- the side facing the user, from which the plunger 12 also emerges, is also referred to below as the front region of the ejection device 10.
- a battery compartment 14 arranged in which batteries 140 can be inserted to supply energy to the ejection device 10.
- the batteries 140 can be single-use batteries or rechargeable batteries.
- a current consumption, in particular a quiescent current consumption, of the ejection device 10 is minimized in such a way that a battery life of up to two years can be achieved with an average actuation frequency of up to 20 ejection processes per day.
- a control device is arranged on a circuit board 15 above the plunger 12).
- the circuit board 15 carries electronic components (not shown in detail) for controlling the ejection device 10, in particular a microcontroller, which is preferably constructed in a CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) technology in order to achieve a low quiescent current.
- a microcontroller which is preferably constructed in a CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) technology in order to achieve a low quiescent current.
- CMOS complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
- a motor driver preferably constructed as an H-bridge with switching elements that have a low volume resistance. These can preferably be MOSFET switching devices or IGBT switching devices.
- a current measuring means for example a shunt, is further preferably integrated in series with the motor driver or integrated in the motor driver in order to be able to measure a motor current.
- a drive unit 16 for the plunger 12 is arranged in a central region of the ejection device 10.
- the drive unit 16 comprises a motor 160, preferably a low-voltage DC motor, which is connected to the control device on the circuit board 15 and is controlled by the latter.
- a gear 161 is arranged downstream of the motor 160, in the present case a gear with two gear stages, each with helical toothed gears. Due to the helical toothing, a reduction by the gear 161 can be achieved with little noise.
- the gear 161 is coupled to a spindle 162 which is arranged essentially parallel to the tappet 12 in the longitudinal direction of the housing 11.
- a spindle nut 163 is placed on the spindle 162 and is guided in the housing 11 in a rotationally fixed manner and displaceably in the longitudinal direction.
- the spindle nut 163 In the in the 4a and 4b shown rest position, the spindle nut 163 is at a front stop, ie at a maximum distance from the gearbox 161.
- the end position of the spindle nut 163 is found by the spindle nut 163 against one formed by the housing 11 Stop is moved.
- the mechanical stop causes the current of the motor 160 to rise above a limit value, which is detected by the control device on the circuit board 15, whereupon the motor 160 is switched off in the end position of the spindle nut 163.
- the limit value is preferably dependent on a measured voltage of the batteries 140.
- a sensor could also be provided for detecting the end position of the spindle nut 163, for example in the form of a limit switch.
- the plunger 12 has a shaft 120 which, in the illustrated position of the plunger 12, is located essentially within the housing 11.
- the plunger 12 is guided in the housing 11 so as to be longitudinally displaceable with the shaft 120.
- the plunger 12 with a head 121 projects slightly beyond the front surface of the housing 11.
- the head 121 can be made of a rubberized or otherwise elastic material in order to ensure that the plunger 12 strikes the door 4 as silently as possible.
- the plunger 12 is coupled to a heart curve control 122. In a known manner, the heart curve controller 122 is set up to latch the plunger 12 in the retracted state shown.
- the plunger 12 is surrounded concentrically by a sleeve 13.
- This has a ring 130 in the outer region, which is also guided in a longitudinally displaceable manner by a laterally arranged guide 131.
- a spring 132 is arranged, which moves the ring 130 out of the housing 11 with little spring force.
- the length of the ring 130 ranges from a few millimeters to one centimeter.
- the freedom of movement of the sleeve 13 from the housing 11 is also limited to a few millimeters.
- the sleeve 13 actuates the microswitch 150 arranged on the circuit board 15.
- the sleeve 13 and the microswitch 150 are positioned such that the sleeve 13 extends out of the housing 11 from one specific position of the sleeve 13 is detected.
- FIG Figures 5a to 8a or 5b to 8b Different operating positions of the ejection device 10 and different operating positions of the plunger 12 and the driver 123 are described below with reference to FIG Figures 5a to 8a or 5b to 8b.
- the figures with the index a each show the ejection device 10 analogously to Fig. 4a in a top view, figures with the index b corresponding to analog Fig. 4b in a symmetrical oblique view.
- a first vertical broken line 20 indicates the rest position of the front surface of the head 121 of the plunger 12 and also of the sleeve 13. In this position, the head 121 or the sleeve 13 is in accordance with the door 4 closed Fig. 1a or. Fig. 2 .
- FIG. 4 To open the door 4, it is moved out of the rest position (line 20) in the direction of the furniture body 2.
- the freedom of movement for the door 4 in the direction of the body 1 is in Fig. 2 given gap between door 4 and side wall 3 given. It is a few millimeters (mm), in particular about 2 mm.
- the position up to which the door 4 and thus the head 121 of the plunger 12 can be moved is in FIG Fig. 4a represented by a second dashed line 21.
- FIGS. 5a and 5b show the ejection device 10 again in exactly this position (line 21). Pressing the plunger 12 into this position requires the locking of the heart cam control 122 to be released, so that the plunger 12, when loaded with the spring force of the spring, extends and pushes open the door 4 as soon as the user releases the door 4 for it after being pressed in.
- FIGS. 6a and 6b show the ejection device 10 after the plunger 12 has been fully extended.
- the position of the head 121 of the fully extended plunger 12 is in FIG Fig. 6a indicated by a dashed line 22.
- the spring already mentioned, identified by reference numeral 17, can be seen.
- the ring 130 of the sleeve 13, driven by the spring 132 can also move to a maximally extended position, as a result of which the switch 150 is actuated.
- the opening of the door 4 is thus detected by the switch 150, which then activates the control device on the circuit board 15.
- a timer is initially started in the control device, initially without further actions expires for an adjustable or predetermined time. During this time, the user is given the opportunity to reach behind the door 4 pushed open by the plunger 12 and to open it completely.
- the time can range from a few seconds to a few tens of seconds.
- the motor 160 is activated and the spindle 162 rotates so that the spindle nut 163 moves in the direction of the battery compartment 14.
- the spindle nut 163 engages in the driver 123 of the plunger 12 and correspondingly pulls the plunger 12 back into the housing 11, the spring 17 being tensioned.
- the sleeve 13 remains in the extended position, since the door 4 is not yet closed.
- the spindle 12 is retracted until a state in which the spring 17 is fully tensioned and the heart cam control 122 locks the plunger 12. This end position of the plunger 12 can in turn be measured by measuring the operating current of the motor 160.
- the ejection device 10 shown here does not have a sleeve 13, via which the position of the moving furniture part in cooperation with the switch 150 was detected in the first exemplary embodiment.
- a protruding actuator 124 is attached to the shaft 120 of the plunger 12 in the rear region of the plunger 12, said actuator actuating the switch 150 when the plunger 12 is fully extended. In this way, an open furniture door is detected based on the extended plunger 12.
- FIGS Figures 10a and 10b The ejection device 10 is initially shown in the rest position, in which the spring 17, which is again not visible here, is fully tensioned and the plunger 12 is locked by the heart curve control 122.
- Pushing in the movable furniture part, for example the door 4 according to Fig. 1a leads to the pushing in of the plunger 12 and thus to the unlocking of the heart curve control 122. This is shown in FIGS Figures 10a and 10b reproduced.
- the plunger 12 is driven by the spring 17 and opens the movable furniture part.
- the fully extended position is in the 11a and 11b reproduced.
- Fig. 11a the actuation of the switch 150 by the actuator 124 is clearly recognizable.
- the drive motor 160 is operated in a direction of rotation in which the spindle nut 163 pulls the plunger 12 into the housing 11 via the driver 123 and thereby tension the spring 17.
- the position of the spindle nut 163 at the end of this retraction and clamping process is in the Figures 12a and 12b reproduced.
- By retracting the heart cam control 122 locks the plunger 12 again in the fully retracted position of the plunger 12.
- the system is again in the in the Figures 9a and 9b illustrated hibernation.
Landscapes
- Power-Operated Mechanisms For Wings (AREA)
- Closing And Opening Devices For Wings, And Checks For Wings (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Öffnungs- und Schließsystem für ein Möbel, das wenigstens ein bewegbares Möbelteil aufweist und einen Bewegungsbeschlag. Das Öffnungs- und Schließsystem umfasst eine Ausstoßvorrichtung mit einem spannbaren mechanischen Kraftspeicher und einer Spannvorrichtung zum Aufladen des mechanischen Kraftspeichers, wobei die Spannvorrichtung über einen elektrischen Energiespeicher mit Energie versorgt wird. Die Ausstoßvorrichtung ist dazu eingerichtet, bei einer Entriegelung des mechanischen Kraftspeichers das bewegbare Möbelteil in eine teilgeöffnete Stellung zu bewegen. Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin ein Betriebsverfahren für ein derartiges Öffnungs- und Schließsystem.The invention relates to an opening and closing system for furniture, which has at least one movable furniture part and a movement fitting. The opening and closing system comprises an ejection device with a tensionable mechanical energy store and a tensioning device for charging the mechanical energy store, the tensioning device being supplied with energy via an electrical energy store. The ejection device is set up to move the movable furniture part into a partially open position when the mechanical energy store is unlocked. The invention further relates to an operating method for such an opening and closing system.
Bei Möbeln, insbesondere mit schwenkbar angelenkten Türen als bewegbare Möbelteile sind sogenannten Push-To-Open-Einrichtungen bekannt, mit denen die Tür auch ohne einen an der Tür montierten Griff oder eine Griffmulde erfolgen kann. Zum Öffnen wird die Tür aus ihrer geschlossenen Ruhelage weiter in Richtung des Möbelkorpus gedrückt, woraufhin ein Ausstoßelement, beispielsweise ein Stößel, ausfährt und die Tür zumindest so weit aufdrückt, dass sie zum Öffnen hintergriffen werden kann. Zum Schließen der Tür wird diese gegen die Kraft des Ausstoßelements geschlossen, wodurch der Kraftspeicher der Ausstoßvorrichtung wieder gespannt wird. In der Regel ist eine Verriegelungsmechanik mit Herzkurve als Steuerkurve vorgesehen, die das Ausstoßelement in der gespannten Stellung hält, bis ein erneutes Andrücken der Tür an den Möbelkorpus erfolgt.In furniture, in particular with pivotably hinged doors as movable furniture parts, so-called push-to-open devices are known with which the door can also be made without a handle or a recessed handle mounted on the door. To open, the door is pushed further out of its closed rest position in the direction of the furniture body, whereupon an ejection element, for example a plunger, extends and the door is pushed open at least to such an extent that it can be gripped behind for opening. To close the door, it is closed against the force of the ejection element, as a result of which the energy store of the ejection device is tensioned again. As a rule, a locking mechanism with a heart curve is provided as the control curve, which holds the ejection element in the tensioned position until the door is pressed against the furniture body again.
Die Druckschrift
Aus der Druckschrift
Zur Steuerung der Antriebseinheit ist gemäß der Druckschrift
Die Druckschrift
Nachteilig an den vorbekannten Systeme ist, dass ein Schließvorgang in jedem Fall manuell durchgeführt werden muss. Insbesondere wenn eine Auslösung der Ausstoßvorrichtung unbeabsichtigt durch den Benutzer erfolgt ist, besteht die Gefahr, dass die Tür in der teilgeöffneten Stellung verbleibt, bis sie vom Benutzer wieder geschlossen wird. Insbesondere bei einem Haushaltsgerät wie einem Kühlschrank oder einem Gefrierschrank, das im Rahmen der Anmeldung als ein Möbel angesehen wird, wäre es wünschenswert, wenn nach einer unbeabsichtigten Auslösung des Ausstoßmechanismus sich die Tür als bewegtes Möbelteil wieder automatisch in die geschlossene Stellung bewegen würde.A disadvantage of the previously known systems is that a closing process must always be carried out manually. In particular if the ejection device is triggered unintentionally by the user, there is a risk that the door remains in the partially open position until it is closed again by the user. Particularly in the case of a household appliance such as a refrigerator or a freezer, which is considered to be furniture in the context of the application, it would be desirable if the door, as a moving piece of furniture, would automatically move back into the closed position after the ejection mechanism was triggered inadvertently.
Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Öffnungs- und Schließsystem der eingangs genannten Art und ein Betriebsverfahren für ein solches Öffnungs- und Schließsystem zu schaffen, bei denen nach einer unbeabsichtigten Auslösung der Ausstoßvorrichtung das bewegbare Möbelteil automatisch wieder in die geschlossene Stellung bewegt wird.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide an opening and closing system of the type mentioned at the outset and an operating method for such an opening and closing system in which the movable furniture part is automatically moved back into the closed position after an unintentional triggering of the ejection device .
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Öffnungs- und Schließsystem bzw. ein Betriebsverfahren mit den Merkmalen des jeweiligen unabhängigen Anspruchs gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.This object is achieved by an opening and closing system or an operating method with the features of the respective independent claim. Advantageous refinements and developments are specified in the dependent claims.
Ein erfindungsgemäßes Öffnungs- und Schließsystem der eingangs genannten Art zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass der Bewegungsbeschlag eine Einzugsvorrichtung und eine Dämpfvorrichtung aufweist, die dazu vorgesehen ist, das bewegbare Möbelteil aus einer teilgeöffneten Stellung, die innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Wirkungsbereichs liegt, gedämpft in eine geschlossene Stellung zu bewegen. Dabei liegt die durch die Ausstoßvorrichtung erzielte teilgeöffnete Stellung des bewegbaren Möbelteils innerhalb des vorgegebenen Wirkungsbereichs der Einzugsvorrichtung liegt.An opening and closing system according to the invention of the type mentioned at the outset is characterized in that the movement fitting has a retraction device and a damping device which is provided to dampen the movable furniture part from a partially open position, which is within a predetermined effective range, into a closed position to move. The partially opened position of the movable furniture part achieved by the ejection device lies within the predetermined effective range of the feed device.
Auf diese Weise wird erreicht, dass beim Einzug des Ausstoßelements der Ausstoßvorrichtung das bewegbare Möbelteil, z.B. eine Tür oder ein Schubelement, von der Einzugsvorrichtung wieder in die geschlossene Position bewegt wird. Beim Zurückziehen des Ausstoßelements wird somit auch nach einem unbeabsichtigten Auslösen der Ausstoßvorrichtung ein automatisches Schließen erzielt. Dabei sind die auf das Möbelteil wirkenden Kräfte des Kraftspeichers der Ausstoßvorrichtung und der Einzugsvorrichtung so gewählt, dass die Ausstoßvorrichtung das Möbelteil gegen die Kraft der Einzugsvorrichtung öffnen und - solange das Ausstoßelement nicht durch die Spannvorrichtung zurückgezogen wird - auch offenhalten kann. Wie eingangs erwähnt, sind im Rahmen der Anmeldung Haushaltsgeräte wie z.B. Kühl- oder Gefrierschränke als Möbel anzusehen, bei denen das erfindungsgemäße Öffnungs- und Schließsystem eingesetzt werden kann.In this way it is achieved that when the ejection element of the ejection device is pulled in, the movable furniture part, e.g. a door or a push element, is moved back into the closed position by the feed device. When the ejection element is withdrawn, automatic closing is thus achieved even after the ejection device has been triggered unintentionally. The forces acting on the furniture part of the energy store of the ejection device and the pull-in device are selected such that the ejection device can open the furniture part against the force of the pull-in device and - as long as the ejection element is not pulled back by the tensioning device - can also keep it open. As mentioned at the beginning, household appliances such as e.g. To view refrigerators or freezers as furniture in which the opening and closing system according to the invention can be used.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Öffnungs- und Schließsystems weist die Ausstoßvorrichtung einen linear verschiebbaren Stößel als Ausstoßelement für das bewegbare Möbelteil auf. Bevorzugt ist eine Feder als mechanischer Kraftspeicher vorgesehen. Weiter bevorzugt ist eine Herzkurvensteuerung vorgesehen, um den Stößel in einer eingefahrenen Ruheposition bei gespannter Feder zu verriegeln und nach mechanischem Eindrücken über die Ruheposition hinaus freizugeben. Auf diese Weise ist die Ausstoßvorrichtung vollständig mechanisch bedienbar. Das automatische Spannen der Feder durch die Spannvorrichtung stellt eine Komfortfunktion dar, ist jedoch keine Voraussetzung für die Push-To-Open Funktionalität. Somit bleibt das Öffnungs- und Schließsystem auch bei einer Fehlfunktion elektrischer Komponenten des Systems oder bei einem entladenen Energiespeicher benutzbar. Als Energiespeicher können bevorzugt Batterien, z.B. Einwegbatterien oder auch wiederaufladbare Batterien, eingesetzt werden. Der durch die Batterien gebildete Energiespeicher stellt eine Nennspannung von 0,8 V (Volt) bis 24 V bereit.In an advantageous embodiment of the opening and closing system, the ejection device has a linearly displaceable plunger as an ejection element for the movable furniture part. A spring is preferably provided as a mechanical energy store. A heart curve control is further preferably provided in order to lock the plunger in a retracted rest position when the spring is tensioned and to release it beyond the rest position after mechanical pressing. In this way, the ejection device can be operated completely mechanically. The automatic tensioning of the spring by the tensioning device is a comfort function, but is not a prerequisite for the push-to-open functionality. The opening and closing system thus remains in the event of a malfunction of the electrical components of the system or usable with a discharged energy storage. Batteries, for example disposable batteries or rechargeable batteries, can preferably be used as energy stores. The energy storage formed by the batteries provides a nominal voltage of 0.8 V (volts) to 24 V.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Öffnungs- und Schließsystems weist die Spannvorrichtung einen Sensor auf, der eine Position des Stößels detektiert. Der Sensor kann eingesetzt werden, um die Spannvorrichtung zu aktivieren. Bevorzugt wird dabei ein Zeitgeber gestartet, der zunächst ohne weitere Aktionen für eine einstellbare oder fest vorgegebene Zeit abläuft. Während dieser Zeit ist dem Benutzer Gelegenheit gegeben, das von der Ausstoßvorrichtung aufgedrückte bewegbare Möbelteil zu hintergreifen und vollständig zu öffnen. Die Zeit kann im Bereich von einigen Sekunden bis einigen zehn Sekunden liegen. Nach dem Ablauf dieser Zeit wird dann die Spannvorrichtung aktiviert.In a further advantageous embodiment of the opening and closing system, the tensioning device has a sensor that detects a position of the plunger. The sensor can be used to activate the clamping device. In this case, a timer is preferably started, which initially runs without further actions for an adjustable or fixed predetermined time. During this time, the user is given the opportunity to use the ejector reach behind the movable furniture part and open it completely. The time can range from a few seconds to a few tens of seconds. After this time, the clamping device is activated.
Alternativ kann die Ausstoßvorrichtung einen mechanischen Schieber aufweisen, der vorgespannt über ein Gehäuse der Ausstoßvorrichtung hervorsteht und in einer geschlossenen Stellung des bewegbaren Möbelteils an diesem anliegt, wobei die Ausstoßvorrichtung einen Sensor aufweist, der eine Position des Schiebers detektiert. Bevorzugt ist der mechanische Schieber eine Hülse, die konzentrisch zum Stößel um diesen angeordnet ist.Alternatively, the ejection device can have a mechanical slide, which protrudes pretensioned over a housing of the ejection device and bears against the movable furniture part in a closed position, wherein the ejection device has a sensor which detects a position of the slide. The mechanical slide is preferably a sleeve which is arranged concentrically around the tappet.
In beiden Fällen kann der Sensor ein Taster sein, dessen Kontakte z.B. bei geschlossener Stellung des bewegbaren Möbelteils geöffnet sind.In both cases, the sensor can be a button whose contacts e.g. are open when the movable furniture part is in the closed position.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Öffnungs- und Schließsystems weist die Spannvorrichtung der Ausstoßvorrichtung einen elektrischen Motor auf, bevorzugt einen Gleichspannungs-Niederspannungsmotor, mit einem nachgeordneten Getriebe und einer Spindel, wobei eine auf der Spindel angeordnete Spindelmutter in einen Mitnehmer des Stößels eingreift, um diesen in die Ruheposition zu bewegen. Ein derartiger Aufbau ist kompakt und z.B. bei Verwendung von schrägverzahnten Zahnrädern beim Getriebe leise im Betrieb.In a further advantageous embodiment of the opening and closing system, the tensioning device of the ejection device has an electric motor, preferably a DC low-voltage motor, with a downstream gear and a spindle, a spindle nut arranged on the spindle engaging in a driver of the tappet around the latter to move to the rest position. Such a construction is compact and e.g. when using helical gears in the gearbox quiet in operation.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung führt die Spannvorrichtung den Spannvorgang nur dann aus, wenn die Spannung des elektrischen Energiespeichers oberhalb einer festgelegten Unterspannungsgrenze von wenigstens 3 V Nennspannung oder einem höheren Wert liegt. Somit ist gewährleistet, dass die Spindelmutter immer in die Ruheposition bewegt werden kann. Vor jedem Spannvorgang wird die Unterspannungsgrenze überprüft. Wenn die Unterspannungsgrenze unterschritten wird, wird kein weiterer Spannvorgang ausgelöst. Ab diesem Zeitpunkt kann die Batterie gewechselt werden, wobei die Ausstoßvorrichtung auch weiterhin betrieben werden kann. Lediglich der Spannvorgang muss dann von einer Person manuell ausgeführt werden.In a further advantageous embodiment, the tensioning device only carries out the tensioning process when the voltage of the electrical energy store is above a defined undervoltage limit of at least 3 V nominal voltage or a higher value. This ensures that the spindle nut can always be moved into the rest position. The undervoltage limit is checked before each clamping operation. If the undervoltage limit is undershot, no further tensioning process is triggered. From this point in time, the battery can be replaced, and the ejection device can continue to be operated. Only the clamping process then has to be carried out manually by one person.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung führt die Spannvorrichtung den Spannvorgang nur dann aus, wenn die Spannung des elektrischen Energiespeichers unterhalb einer festgelegten Überspannungsgrenze von maximal 24 V oder einem geringen Wert liegt. Durch diese Maßnahme wird das System gegen Überspannung geschützt.In a further advantageous embodiment, the tensioning device only carries out the tensioning process when the voltage of the electrical energy store is below a defined overvoltage limit of at most 24 V or a low value. This measure protects the system against overvoltage.
Vorteilhafterweise ist die Unterspannungsgrenze und die Überspannungsgrenze so gewählt, dass eine Differenz zwischen den beiden Grenzwerten mindestens 1,8 V beträgt.The undervoltage limit and the overvoltage limit are advantageously selected such that a difference between the two limit values is at least 1.8 V.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung weist die Ausstoßvorrichtung eine Platine mit einer Steuereinrichtung auf, die einen Mikrocontroller und davon angesteuerte Schaltorgane in einer H-Brückenanordnung zur Steuerung des Motors aufweist.In a further embodiment, the ejection device has a circuit board with a control device, which has a microcontroller and switching elements controlled thereby in an H-bridge arrangement for controlling the motor.
Bevorzugt sind die Schaltorgane der H-Brückenanordnung MOSFETs (metal-oxide semiconductor fields effect transistors) oder IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors) und der Mikrocontroller ist in CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor)-Technik ausgebildet. Auf diese Weise lässt sich ein geringer Ruhestrom und ein hohe Energieeffizienz im Betrieb erreichen, so dass bei Verwendung von handelsüblichen Batterien und einer mittleren Betätigungshäufigkeit von bis zu 20 Ausstoßvorgängen pro Tag eine Batterielebensdauer von bis zu zwei Jahren erreichbar ist. Die Steuereinrichtung weist einen Schlafmodus auf, wobei in dem Schlafmodus die maximale Ruhestromaufnahme weniger als 200 nA und vorzugsweise weniger als 150 nA beträgt.The switching elements of the H-bridge arrangement are preferably MOSFETs (metal-oxide semiconductor fields effect transistors) or IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors) and the microcontroller is designed in CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) technology. In this way, a low quiescent current and high energy efficiency during operation can be achieved, so that when using commercially available batteries and an average actuation frequency of up to 20 ejection processes per day, a battery life of up to two years can be achieved. The control device has a sleep mode, the maximum quiescent current consumption in the sleep mode being less than 200 nA and preferably less than 150 nA.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Öffnungs- und Schließsystems weist die Steuereinrichtung Strommessmittel zur Messung eines Betriebsstroms des Motors auf. Bevorzugt ist die Steuereinrichtung dazu eingerichtet, eine Endposition der Spindelmutter anhand einer Überschreitung eines vorgegebenen Grenzwertes des gemessenen Motorstroms zu erkennen. Auf diese Weise kann auf einen Sensor zur Endlagenerkennung der Spindelmutter verzichtet werden, was den mechanischen Aufbau der Ausstoßvorrichtung vereinfacht und Herstellungskosten senkt. Weiter bevorzugt ist dabei der Grenzwert abhängig von einer gemessenen Spannung des elektrischen Energiespeichers, z.B. der Batterien. Es wird so ein sicheres Erkennen der Endposition der Spindelmutter auch bei abnehmendem Ladungszustand der Batterien gewährleistet.In a further advantageous embodiment of the opening and closing system, the control device has current measuring means for measuring an operating current of the motor. The control device is preferably set up to recognize an end position of the spindle nut on the basis of an exceeding of a predetermined limit value of the measured motor current. In this way, it is possible to dispense with a sensor for detecting the end position of the spindle nut, which simplifies the mechanical structure of the ejection device and reduces manufacturing costs. The limit value is furthermore dependent on a measured voltage of the electrical energy store, e.g. the batteries. In this way, a reliable detection of the end position of the spindle nut is ensured, even when the batteries' charge level decreases.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Öffnungs- und Schließsystems ist der Bewegungsbeschlag als ein Scharnier mit einer Einzugsvorrichtung und einer integrierten Dämpfungsvorrichtung ausgeführt. Das Scharnier kann ein sogenanntes Eingelenk-, Viergelenk oder Siebengelenkscharnier mit integrierter Dämpfung sein. Gattungsgemäße Scharniere sind zum Beispiel in der
Vorteilhafterweise weist das Scharnier einen Scharniertopf auf, der türseitig montiert wird, und einen Scharnierarm, der wahlweise direkt oder mittels einer Montageplatte korpusseitig montiert wird. Das Scharnier weist eine Schließfeder und eine Dämpfvorrichtung auf. Die Schließfeder wirkt hier als Einzugsvorrichtung. Die Dämpfvorrichtung im Scharnier kann einen Zug- oder Druck-Lineardämpfer oder einen Rotationsdämpfer aufweisen. Diese Dämpfer können im Scharniertopf oder im Scharnierarm angeordnet sein.The hinge advantageously has a hinge cup which is mounted on the door side and a hinge arm which is optionally mounted directly or by means of a mounting plate on the body side. The hinge has a closing spring and a damping device. The closing spring acts here as a retraction device. The damping device in the hinge can have a tension or compression linear damper or a rotation damper. These dampers can be arranged in the hinge cup or in the hinge arm.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Scharniers ist der Lineardämpfer schwenkbar im Scharnierarm angeordnet und über Koppelmittel zumindest zeitweise mit wenigstens einem Gelenkarm des Scharniers gekoppelt.In a further advantageous embodiment of the hinge, the linear damper is pivotally arranged in the hinge arm and is coupled at least temporarily to at least one articulated arm of the hinge via coupling means.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Scharniers sind die Dämpfvorrichtung und die Einzugsvorrichtung des Scharniers während des Schließvorgangs zwischen einem Öffnungswinkel der Tür von mindestens 10° und einer geschlossenen Position der Tür wirksam.In a further advantageous embodiment of the hinge, the damping device and the retraction device of the hinge are effective during the closing process between an opening angle of the door of at least 10 ° and a closed position of the door.
Das erfindungsgemäße Betriebsverfahren ist für ein Öffnungs- und Schließsystem für ein Möbel eingerichtet, das wenigstens ein bewegbares Möbelteil und ein Scharnier mit einer Einzugsvorrichtung und einer Dämpfvorrichtung aufweist, wobei das Öffnungs- und Schließsystem eine Ausstoßvorrichtung mit einem spannbaren mechanischen Kraftspeicher und einer Spannvorrichtung zum Aufladen des mechanischen Kraftspeichers aufweist, wobei die Spannvorrichtung von einem elektrischen Energiespeicher mit Energie versorgt wird. Das Betriebsverfahren weist die folgenden Schritte auf: Die Ausstoßvorrichtung des Öffnungs- und Schließsystems bewegt das bewegbare Möbelteil nach manuellem Andrücken des bewegbaren Möbelteils mittels eines Ausstoßelements in eine teilgeöffnete Stellung. Nach einer vorgegebenen Zeitspanne lädt die Spannvorrichtung den mechanischen Kraftspeicher auf und zieht dabei das Ausstoßelement ein, wobei während des Einziehens des Ausstoßelements das bewegbare Möbelteil durch die Einzugsvorrichtung des Scharniers und gegen eine Dämpfwirkung der Dämpfvorrichtung in eine geschlossene Position bewegt wird. Die vorgegebene Zeitspanne gibt dem Benutzer Gelegenheit, das aufgedrückte Möbelteil vollständig zu öffnen. Unterbleibt dieses, wird das Möbelteil durch das Zusammenspiel von Spannvorrichtung und Einzugsvorrichtung automatisch wieder in die geschlossene Position gebracht. Es ergeben sich die im Zusammenhang mit dem Öffnungs- und Schließsystem beschriebenen Vorteile.The operating method according to the invention is set up for an opening and closing system for a piece of furniture, which has at least one movable furniture part and a hinge with a pull-in device and a damping device, the opening and closing system being an ejection device with a tensionable mechanical energy store and a tensioning device for charging the Has mechanical energy storage, wherein the tensioning device is supplied with energy by an electrical energy storage. The operating method has the following steps: The ejection device of the opening and closing system moves the movable furniture part into a partially open position after manually pressing the movable furniture part by means of an ejection element. After a predetermined period of time, the tensioning device charges the mechanical energy store and thereby pulls in the ejection element, the movable furniture part being moved by the retraction device of the hinge and against a damping effect of the damping device into a closed position while the ejection element is being pulled in becomes. The predetermined period of time gives the user the opportunity to open the pressed-on furniture part completely. If this is not done, the furniture part is automatically brought back into the closed position by the interaction of the clamping device and the pull-in device. The advantages described in connection with the opening and closing system result.
Bei einer vorteilhaften Weiterbildung des Betriebsverfahrens ist das Ausstoßelement ein linear bewegbarer Stößel. und die Spannvorrichtung der Ausstoßvorrichtung weist einen elektrischen Motor, bevorzugt einen Gleichspannungs-Niederspannungsmotor, mit einem nachgeordneten Getriebe und einer Spindel auf, wobei eine auf der Spindel angeordnete Spindelmutter in einen Mitnehmer des Stößels eingreifen kann. Dabei wird beim Spannvorgang die Spindelmutter so verfahren, dass der Stößel in eine eingefahrene Position bewegt wird. Anschließend wird die Spindelmutter in die entgegengesetzte Richtung bis in eine Ruheposition verfahren. Bevorzugt ist dabei eine Herzkurvensteuerung vorgesehen, um den Stößel in der eingefahrenen Ruheposition zu verriegeln, wobei die Ruheposition des Stößels zur Verriegelung erreicht wird, während sich die Spindelmutter in Richtung ihrer Ruheposition bewegt.In an advantageous development of the operating method, the ejection element is a linearly movable tappet. and the tensioning device of the ejection device has an electric motor, preferably a DC voltage low-voltage motor, with a downstream gear and a spindle, wherein a spindle nut arranged on the spindle can engage in a driver of the tappet. During the clamping process, the spindle nut is moved so that the plunger is moved into a retracted position. The spindle nut is then moved in the opposite direction to a rest position. A heart curve control is preferably provided in order to lock the plunger in the retracted rest position, the rest position of the plunger being reached for locking while the spindle nut moves in the direction of its rest position.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen mithilfe von Figuren näher erläutert. Die Figuren zeigen:
- Fig. 1a
- eine isometrische Darstellung eines Möbels mit einer Ausstoßvorrichtung;
- Fig. 1b
- eine Vergrößerung eines Ausschnitts von
Fig. 1a ; - Fig. 2, 3
- jeweils eine Schnittdarstellung eines Ausschnitts des Möbels aus
Fig. 1a in verschiedenen Betriebsstellungen der Ausstoßvorrichtung; - Fig. 4a, b
- eine Draufsicht und eine Schrägansicht einer Ausstoßvorrichtung in einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Ruhestellung;
- Fig. 5a, b bis 8a, b
- die Ausstoßvorrichtung des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels in verschiedenen Betriebsstellungen;
- Fig. 9a, b
- eine Draufsicht und eine Schrägansicht einer Ausstoßvorrichtung in einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel in einer Ruhestellung; und
- Fig. 10a, b bis 12a, b
- die Ausstoßvorrichtung des zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels in verschiedenen Betriebsstellungen.
- Fig. 1a
- an isometric view of a piece of furniture with an ejection device;
- Fig. 1b
- an enlargement of a section of
Fig. 1a ; - 2, 3
- each a sectional view of a section of the furniture
Fig. 1a in different operating positions of the ejection device; - 4a, b
- a plan view and an oblique view of an ejection device in a first embodiment in a rest position;
- 5a, b to 8a, b
- the ejection device of the first embodiment in different operating positions;
- 9a, b
- a plan view and an oblique view of an ejection device in a second embodiment in a rest position; and
- 10a, b to 12a, b
- the ejection device of the second embodiment in different operating positions.
An der gegenüberliegenden Seitenwand 3 ist, wie durch Auslassungen im Korpus 2 und der Tür 4 zu erkennen ist, eine Ausstoßvorrichtung 10 montiert. Der Ausschnitt des Möbels 1 mit der Ausstoßvorrichtung 10 ist in
Die Ausstoßvorrichtung 10 umfasst ein Gehäuse 11, aus dem ein Stößel 12 zum Aufstoßen der Tür 4 ausfahren kann. Konzentrisch zum Stößel 12 ist eine Hülse 13 angeordnet, die einer Steuerung der Ausstoßvorrichtung 10 dient, wie nachfolgend noch detaillierter erläutert wird.The
In den
In
Bewegt durch den Stößel 12 ist in der in
In
Die Ausstoßvorrichtung 10 weist ein im Wesentlichen rechteckiges Aufmaß auf. Die dem Benutzer zugewandte Seite, aus der auch der Stößel 12 austritt, wird nachfolgend auch als vorderer Bereich der Ausstoßvorrichtung 10 bezeichnet. Im gegenüberliegenden hinteren Bereich der Ausstoßvorrichtung 10 ist ein Batteriefach 14 angeordnet, in das Batterien 140 zur Energieversorgung der Ausstoßvorrichtung 10 eingelegt werden können. Die Batterien 140 können Einwegbatterien oder auch wiederaufladbare Batterien sein. Ein Stromverbrauch, insbesondere ein Ruhestromverbrauch der Ausstoßvorrichtung 10 ist derart minimiert, dass bei einer mittleren Betätigungshäufigkeit von bis zu 20 Ausstoßvorgängen pro Tag eine Batterielebensdauer von bis zu zwei Jahren erreichbar ist.The
Im vorderen Bereich der Ausstoßvorrichtung 10 ist auf einer der beiden Seiten (in
In einem mittleren Bereich der Ausstoßvorrichtung 10 ist eine Antriebseinheit 16 für den Stößel 12 angeordnet. Die Antriebseinheit 16 umfasst einen Motor 160, bevorzugt einen Niederspannungs-Gleichspannungsmotor, der mit der Steuereinrichtung auf der Platine 15 verbunden ist und von dieser angesteuert wird. Dem Motor 160 ist ein Getriebe 161 nachgeordnet, vorliegend ein Getriebe mit zwei Getriebestufen mit jeweils schrägverzahnten Zahnrädern. Aufgrund der Schrägverzahnung kann eine Untersetzung durch das Getriebe 161 bei geringer Geräuschentwicklung erzielt werden. Abtriebsseitig ist das Getriebe 161 mit einer Spindel 162 gekoppelt, die im Wesentlichen parallel zum Stößel 12 in Längsrichtung des Gehäuses 11 angeordnet ist. Auf die Spindel 162 ist eine Spindelmutter 163 aufgesetzt, die im Gehäuse 11 drehfest und in Längsrichtung verschiebbar geführt ist.A
In der in den
Der Stößel 12 weist einen Schaft 120 auf, der in der dargestellten Position des Stößels 12 sich im Wesentlichen innerhalb des Gehäuses 11 befindet. Mit dem Schaft 120 ist der Stößel 12 längsverschiebbar im Gehäuse 11 geführt. Am vorderen Ende des Schafts 120 ragt der Stößel 12 mit einem Kopf 121 geringfügig über die vordere Fläche des Gehäuses 11 hervor. Der Kopf 121 kann aus einem gummierten oder anderweitig elastischen Material bestehen, um ein möglichst geräuschloses Anschlagen des Stößels 12 an der Tür 4 zu gewährleisten. An der dem Kopf 121 gegenüberliegenden Seite ist der Stößel 12 mit einer Herzkurvensteuerung 122 gekoppelt. In bekannter Weise ist die Herzkurvensteuerung 122 dazu eingerichtet, den Stößel 12 im dargestellten eingefahrenen Zustand zu verrasten. In diesem Zustand wird er durch eine in dieser Betriebsposition des Stößels 12 nicht sichtbaren im Inneren des Stößels 12 angeordneten Feder vorgespannt. Seitlich am Stößel 12 ist ein Mitnehmer 123 angeordnet, in den die Spindelmutter 163 eingreifen kann und einen ausgefahrenen Stößel 12 zurückbewegen kann.The
Wie bereits im Zusammenhang mit den
Verschiedene Betriebsstellungen der Ausstoßvorrichtung 10 und verschiedene Betriebspositionen des Stößels 12 und des Mitnehmers 123 werden nachfolgend anhand der
In der
Zum Öffnen der Tür 4 wird diese aus der Ruheposition (Linie 20) heraus in Richtung des Möbelkorpus 2 bewegt. Der Bewegungsspielraum für die Tür 4 in Richtung des Korpus 1 ist durch den in
Die
Die
In den
Nach dem Ablauf dieser Zeit wird der Motor 160 aktiviert und die Spindel 162 so rotiert, dass sich die Spindelmutter 163 in Richtung des Batteriefachs 14 bewegt. Die Spindelmutter 163 greift dabei in den Mitnehmer 123 des Stößels 12 ein und zieht entsprechend den Stößel 12 zurück ins Gehäuse 11, wobei die Feder 17 gespannt wird. Wie in
Nach dem Einfahren des Stößels 12 bis in die genannte verrastete Endstellung wird der Motor 160 umgepolt, um die Spindel 162 in Gegenrichtung zu drehen. Entsprechend verfährt die Spindelmutter 163 wieder zurück an den vorderen Anschlag, wie dieses in den
Wenn ausgehend von der in den
In den
Bezüglich des Grundaufbaus entspricht die in den
Im Unterschied zum ersten Ausführungsbeispiel weist die vorliegend dargestellte Ausstoßvorrichtung 10 keine Hülse 13 auf, über die beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel die Stellung des bewegten Möbelteils im Zusammenwirken mit dem Schalter 150 detektiert wurde. Anstelle der Hülse 10 ist vorliegend im hinteren Bereich des Stößels 12 ein hervorstehender Betätiger 124 am Schaft 120 des Stößels 12 angebracht, der bei vollständig ausgefahrenem Stößel 12 den Schalter 150 betätigt. Auf diese Weise wird eine geöffnete Möbeltür anhand des ausgefahrenen Stößels 12 detektiert.In contrast to the first exemplary embodiment, the
In den
Als Folge fährt der Stößel 12 getrieben durch die Feder 17 aus und öffnet das bewegbare Möbelteil. Die vollständig ausgefahrene Position ist in den
Wiederum nach Ablauf der vorgegebenen oder einstellbaren Wartezeit wird der Antriebsmotor 160 in einer Drehrichtung betrieben, in der die Spindelmutter 163 den Stößel 12 über den Mitnehmer 123 in das Gehäuse 11 einzieht und dabei die Feder 17 spannt. Die Position der Spindelmutter 163 am Ende dieses Einfahr- und Spannvorgangs ist in den
- 11
- MöbelFurniture
- 22nd
- KorpusBody
- 33rd
- SeitenwandSide wall
- 44th
- bewegbares Möbelteil (Tür)movable furniture part (door)
- 1010th
- AusstoßvorrichtungEjection device
- 1111
- Gehäusecasing
- 1212th
- StößelPestle
- 120120
- Schaftshaft
- 121121
- Kopfhead
- 122122
- HerzkurvensteuerungHeart curve control
- 123123
- MitnehmerCarrier
- 124124
- BetätigerActuator
- 1313
- HülseSleeve
- 130130
- Ringring
- 131131
- Führungguide
- 132132
- Federfeather
- 1414
- BatteriefachBattery compartment
- 140140
- Batteriebattery
- 1515
- Platinecircuit board
- 150150
- Schaltercounter
- 1616
- AntriebseinheitDrive unit
- 160160
- Motorengine
- 161161
- Getriebetransmission
- 162162
- Spindelspindle
- 163163
- SpindelmutterSpindle nut
- 1717th
- Federfeather
- 20, 21, 2220, 21, 22
- Linie (zur Positionskennzeichnung)Line (for position identification)
Claims (22)
- Opening and closing system for an item of furniture (1) which has at least one movable furniture part (4) and a movement fitting, wherein the opening and closing system has an ejection apparatus (10) with a loadable mechanical force store and a tensioning apparatus for loading the mechanical force store, wherein the tensioning apparatus is supplied with energy by an electrical energy storage device, and wherein the ejection apparatus (10) is designed, when the mechanical energy store is unlocked, to move the movable furniture part into a partially open position, wherein the movement fitting comprises a retraction apparatus and a damping apparatus which is provided to move the movable furniture part (4) in a damped manner from a further partially open position which lies within a predetermined effective range into a closed position,
characterized in that the partially open position of the movable furniture part (4) achieved by the ejection apparatus (10) lies within the predetermined effective range of the retraction apparatus. - Opening and closing system according to claim 1, in which the ejection apparatus (10) has a linearly displaceable plunger (12) as ejection element for the movable furniture part.
- Opening and closing system according to claim 2, in which a spring (17) is provided as a mechanical force store.
- Opening and closing system according to claims 2 and 3, in which a heart cam control (122) is provided in order to lock the plunger (12) in a retracted rest position when the spring (17) is tensioned and to release it beyond the rest position after mechanical impression.
- Opening and closing system according to one of claims 2 to 4, in which the tensioning apparatus has a sensor which detects a position of the plunger (12).
- Opening and closing system according to one of claims 2 to 4, in which the ejection apparatus (10) has a mechanical slide which projects in a pretensioned manner beyond a housing (11) of the ejection apparatus (10) and, in a closed position of the movable furniture part (4), rests against the latter, wherein the ejection apparatus (10) has a sensor which detects a position of the slide.
- An opening and closing system according to claim 6, in which the mechanical slide is a sleeve (13) arranged concentrically relative to the plunger (12) around the plunger (12).
- Opening and closing system according to one of claims 5 to 7, in which the sensor is a pushbutton (150) whose contacts are open when the movable furniture part is in the closed position.
- Opening and closing system according to one of claims 2 to 8, in which the tensioning apparatus of the ejection apparatus (10) has an electric motor (160), preferably a DC low-voltage motor, with a downstream gear (161) and a spindle (162), wherein a spindle nut (163) arranged on the spindle (162) engages in a driver (123) of the plunger (12) in order to move the latter into the rest position.
- Opening and closing system according to claim 9, in which the ejection apparatus (10) comprises a circuit board (15) with a control device which has a microcontroller and switching elements controlled by it in an H-bridge arrangement.
- Opening and closing system according to claim 10, in which the switching elements of the H-bridge arrangement are MOSFETs or IGBTs.
- Opening and closing system according to claim 10 or 11, in which the control device comprises current measuring means for measuring an operating current of the motor (160).
- Opening and closing system according to claim 12, in which the control device is adapted to detect an end position of the spindle nut (163) by exceeding a predetermined limit value of the measured motor current.
- Opening and closing system according to claim 13, in which the limit value depends on a measured voltage of the electrical energy storage device.
- Opening and closing system according to one of claims 1 to 14, in which the electrical energy storage device comprises at least one battery (140) arranged in the ejection apparatus (10).
- Opening and closing system according to claim 1, in which the movement fitting is formed by a hinge with a hinge pot on the door side and a hinge arm, which is optionally mounted directly or by means of a mounting plate on the body side, wherein the hinge has a closing spring and a damping apparatus.
- Opening and closing system according to claim 16, in which the damping apparatus has a tension or compression linear damper or a rotary damper in the hinge and the damper is arranged in the hinge pot or in the hinge arm.
- Opening and closing system according to claim 17, in which the tension or compression linear damper is pivotably arranged in the hinge arm and is coupled via coupling means at least temporarily to at least one articulated arm of the hinge.
- Opening and closing system according to claim 17, in which the rotational damper is arranged in the hinge pot and is coupled via coupling means at least temporarily to at least one articulated arm of the hinge.
- Operating method for an opening and closing system for an item of furniture (1) which comprises at least one movable furniture part (4) and a hinge with a retraction apparatus and a damping apparatus, wherein the opening and closing system comprises an ejection apparatus (10) with a loadable mechanical force store and a tensioning apparatus for loading the mechanical force store, wherein the tensioning apparatus is supplied with energy by an electrical energy storage device, wherein- the ejection apparatus (10) of the opening and closing system moves the movable furniture part (4) into a partially open position by manually pressing the movable furniture part (4) by means of an ejection element; characterized in that- after a predetermined period of time, the tensioning apparatus loads the mechanical force store and in this case retracts the ejection element; and that- during the retraction of the ejection element, the movable furniture part (4) is moved into a closed position by the retraction apparatus of the hinge and against a damping action of the damping apparatus.
- Operating method according to claim 20, wherein the ejection element is a linearly movable plunger (12) and the tensioning apparatus of the ejection apparatus (10) has an electric motor (160), preferably a DC low-voltage motor, having a downstream gear (161) and a spindle (162), wherein a spindle nut (163) arranged on the spindle (162) engages in a driver (123) of the plunger (12), wherein- during the tensioning operation the spindle nut (163) is moved in such a way that the plunger (12) is moved into a retracted position, and- subsequently the spindle nut (163) is moved in the opposite direction to a rest position.
- Operating method according to claim 21, in which a heart cam controller (122) is provided to lock the plunger (12) in the retracted rest position, wherein- the rest position of the plunger (12) for locking is reached while the spindle nut (163) moves into the direction of its rest position.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL17797554T PL3532689T3 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2017-10-26 | Opening and closing system having an ejection apparatus for an item of furniture, and operating method for an opening and closing system |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016120593.1A DE102016120593A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2016-10-27 | Opening and closing system with an ejection device for a furniture and operating method for an opening and closing system |
PCT/EP2017/077520 WO2018078055A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2017-10-26 | Opening and closing system having an ejection apparatus for an item of furniture, and operating method for an opening and closing system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3532689A1 EP3532689A1 (en) | 2019-09-04 |
EP3532689B1 true EP3532689B1 (en) | 2020-07-08 |
Family
ID=60320838
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17797554.7A Active EP3532689B1 (en) | 2016-10-27 | 2017-10-26 | Opening and closing system having an ejection apparatus for an item of furniture, and operating method for an opening and closing system |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11085223B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3532689B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2019536924A (en) |
KR (1) | KR102494507B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN109891043B (en) |
AU (1) | AU2017350490B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR112019007841A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA3040591A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016120593A1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2820924T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3532689T3 (en) |
RU (1) | RU2747256C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2018078055A1 (en) |
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WO2022157295A1 (en) | 2021-01-25 | 2022-07-28 | Paul Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg | Furniture element and piece of furniture |
DE102021110323A1 (en) | 2021-01-25 | 2022-07-28 | Paul Hettich Gmbh & Co. Kg | furniture element and furniture |
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US10808447B2 (en) | 2017-04-25 | 2020-10-20 | Masonite Corporation | Emergency door closing device |
US11008797B2 (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2021-05-18 | Magna Closures Inc. | Power door presenter |
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CN110005295A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-07-12 | 华人运通(江苏)技术有限公司 | The assist device of car door and its control method and car door, vehicle with it |
CN114291265B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2023-07-21 | 武汉航空仪表有限责任公司 | Mechanical multistage separation method and system |
FR3132537A3 (en) * | 2022-02-07 | 2023-08-11 | UpFiner | portable safe |
US20230258037A1 (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2023-08-17 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Refrigerator with self-reversing door opener |
US12000645B2 (en) * | 2022-11-08 | 2024-06-04 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Refrigerator with an assisted door opener |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN109891043B (en) | 2022-04-08 |
BR112019007841A2 (en) | 2019-10-01 |
RU2019114864A (en) | 2020-11-27 |
EP3532689A1 (en) | 2019-09-04 |
WO2018078055A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
AU2017350490B2 (en) | 2023-06-15 |
RU2019114864A3 (en) | 2020-11-27 |
CN109891043A (en) | 2019-06-14 |
RU2747256C2 (en) | 2021-04-29 |
ES2820924T3 (en) | 2021-04-22 |
KR20190077024A (en) | 2019-07-02 |
US11085223B2 (en) | 2021-08-10 |
AU2017350490A1 (en) | 2019-05-02 |
KR102494507B1 (en) | 2023-01-31 |
DE102016120593A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
US20200056414A1 (en) | 2020-02-20 |
PL3532689T3 (en) | 2020-12-28 |
CA3040591A1 (en) | 2018-05-03 |
JP2019536924A (en) | 2019-12-19 |
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