EP3530760A1 - Method for producing a thermoformed and hardened steel sheet component - Google Patents
Method for producing a thermoformed and hardened steel sheet component Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3530760A1 EP3530760A1 EP18158369.1A EP18158369A EP3530760A1 EP 3530760 A1 EP3530760 A1 EP 3530760A1 EP 18158369 A EP18158369 A EP 18158369A EP 3530760 A1 EP3530760 A1 EP 3530760A1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- temperature
- tempering
- board
- areas
- profiling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D22/00—Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing
- B21D22/02—Stamping using rigid devices or tools
- B21D22/022—Stamping using rigid devices or tools by heating the blank or stamping associated with heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/34—Methods of heating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2221/00—Treating localised areas of an article
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a hot-formed and hardened sheet steel component on a thermoforming line according to the features in claim 1.
- hot-form and harden steel components This is also referred to as hot forming followed by press hardening.
- a board made of a hardenable steel alloy is heated at least in some areas to a temperature above AC3 temperature (austenitizing temperature).
- the board is thus at least partially in an austenitized state.
- the forming degrees of freedom are increased so that hot working can take place in a press forming tool.
- the hot-formed component is cooled down so fast that a quench hardening or press hardening takes place.
- a martensitic and thus high or ultra high strength material structure is set.
- a warming device is connected upstream of the hot forming and press hardening tool.
- This is usually a continuous furnace, which, however, requires a relatively large amount of energy and space in a production hall.
- a tempering station which has tempering plates.
- the metal sheet to be heated is placed in the tempering station and the tempering station is closed.
- the heat present in the tempering plates is transferred by heat conduction into the board to be heated. This is also known as contact heating.
- contact heating For example, such a tempering of the DE 10 2012 110 649 B3 known.
- Object of the present invention is to provide a thermoforming line with tempering, with which it is possible to precisely heat a board partially different from each other, with low energy consumption and a particularly short heating time.
- a sheet metal blank or steel plate made of a hardenable steel alloy is provided, for example, a 22MnB5 steel.
- the anticorrosive coating is particularly preferably an aluminum-based coating, for example an aluminum-silicon coating or else a zinc-based coating.
- a temperature in the board is set which is from 500 ° C to AC1 temperature, in particular from 550 ° C to less AC1 temperature.
- This two-stage tempering process is also called pre-tempering or preheating.
- the pre-tempered board which has already formed an intermetallic phase with the anti-corrosion coating, is then transferred to a tempering station.
- the temperature control is designed as Maistemperiertstation. This means that the tempering station has at least one contact plate and the contact plate dissipates its heat by means of heat conduction to the board to be heated.
- the board is then heated in some areas to temperatures greater than AC3, that is again austenitized. Other areas may be maintained at the pre-set temperature or may be heated to a temperature less than AC1. It would also be conceivable within the scope of the invention for the other areas to be cooled accordingly.
- the target temperature is also here in a range between 500 ° C and small AC1 temperature.
- the so partially tempered board is then transferred from the tempering station in a hot forming and press hardening tool and here hot-formed and press-hardened.
- the advantage here is that no costly measures such as additional heating and / or only partial cooling must be provided in the hot forming and press hardening tool.
- the board is already partially tempered and can thus be hot-formed and press-hardened in a conventional hot forming and press hardening tool without additional temperature measures in the tool itself.
- a cooling rate of at least 40 K / s is selected.
- thermoformed and press-hardened sheet steel component By means of the above-described method according to the invention for producing a thermoformed and press-hardened sheet steel component, it is thus possible to produce a three-dimensionally shaped sheet steel component, in particular a motor vehicle component, that at least in some areas has a tensile strength greater than 1,000 MPa, in particular greater than 1,200 MPa and preferably greater than 1,400 MPa in hard areas ,
- the softer areas have a tensile strength of less than 1,000 MPa, preferably from 500 MPa to 900 MPa, in particular from 550 MPa to 800 MPa.
- the corrosion protection coating is alloyed with the metal plate and that the corrosion protection coating is not damaged during later forming.
- the energy costs and the tooling costs for setting up and operating the hot forming line for production methods according to the invention are reduced, in particular with regard to the hot forming and press-hardening tool.
- the space requirement is also significantly lower compared to other hot forming lines.
- a continuous furnace is particularly preferably used within the scope of the invention which has two temperature zones directly adjacent to one another in the direction of passage.
- continuous production takes place in one direction through the continuous furnace.
- a first temperature zone has a temperature greater than the AC3 temperature
- a subsequent second temperature zone has a temperature lower than the AC1 temperature, but at least about 500 ° C.
- a temperature of the sheet metal plate itself of a maximum of 930 ° C should be set.
- a heating rate of 12 K / s is not exceeded, so that an intermetallic phase is formed between the coating and the base material of the board.
- an interior temperature of the furnace can be the target temperature of the board or even up to 50 ° C below, thus 500 ° C to less AC1 temperature or up to 50 ° C below.
- lowering the temperature from a temperature in the range of AC3 to 500 ° C to less than AC1 can be achieved.
- the board temperature in particular in the second temperature zone, does not drop directly to a subcritical temperature level.
- the flow time in the first temperature zone of the continuous furnace should be from 2 to 6 minutes, preferably from 3 to 5 minutes and especially about 4 minutes.
- the respective longer times for boards with a wall thickness greater than 1.5 mm and the said shorter times for boards with a wall thickness of up to 1.5 mm are provided.
- the cycle time in the second temperature zone should be between 20 s and 240 s, in particular from 40 s to 180 s.
- the cycle time in the first temperature zone is adjusted according to the temperatures to be reached and cycle times at the aforementioned heating rate between 20 ° C and 700 ° C.
- a conveyor is provided, which promotes both by first and second temperature zone, thus the transport speed through the entire continuous furnace is the same.
- the hot forming line can be operated in a cycle time of 5 to 15 seconds, preferably 7 to 12 seconds, more preferably 8 to 10 seconds.
- This is realized in particular by the tempering station upstream of the hot forming and press hardening tool, which can be operated in the same cycle as the hot forming and press hardening tool itself.
- the transfer times between the individual stations or tools are preferably even lower.
- a transfer time between the end of preheating and the beginning of the contact heating is preferably less than 10 seconds, in particular less than 5 seconds and most preferably within 2 to 5 seconds.
- a 4-layer structure starting from the board or the hardenable steel alloy to the outside.
- This 4-layer construction is formed by an interdiffusion layer which bonds to the hardenable steel alloy, followed by an intermediate layer, again followed by an intermetallic layer and the outer surface layer of the corrosion protection coating.
- the sheet steel component with a edge decarburized layer.
- a bending angle greater than 50 ° and a layer thickness on the sheet steel component, on which a Randentkohlung has occurred between 5 microns and 50 microns.
- a carbon content greater than 0.20 wt .-% to set a tensile strength greater than 1350 MPa and set for a carbon content less than 0.35 wt .-%, a tensile strength sometimes greater than 1,800 MPa.
- the edge decarburization is by decarburization of a strip semi-finished product, before before a corresponding steel strip is separated into blanks, by supplying nitrogen and portions of an oxide-containing gas or fluid, such as. As water vapor or water atmosphere, performed prior to dip coating.
- the tempering for Maistemper ist the board also has a temperature control plate on a lower tool or on an upper tool.
- the tempering plate itself is heated homogeneously to a temperature greater than AC3 temperature.
- the tempering preferably covers the entire sheet metal plate to be heated from. So that now the temperature control can be closed on the opposite side of the temperature control one Profiling trained.
- the profiling comes in closed tempering station with the sheet metal plate in some areas to the plant, such that areas of the first type of sheet metal blank are austenitized due to system contact with the profiling and areas of the second kind are heated to a temperature below AC1 temperature. Areas of the second type are heated only to a temperature below AC1 temperature, wherein no plant contact with the profiling takes place in these areas.
- the tempering plate described above and also described below particularly preferably has a temperature greater than the AC3 temperature itself. In system contact thus takes place due to heat conduction heating of the board on at least partially greater AC3 temperature.
- the temperature of the temperature control plate is particularly preferably heated to more than 50 ° C., in particular more than 100 ° C., and more preferably more than 150 ° C., very particularly preferably more than 200 ° C., greater than the AC3 temperature.
- the tempering plate should have an own temperature which is not more than 300 ° C above the AC3 temperature.
- the tempering plate itself particularly preferably covers the board completely with its areal extent. Thus, the temperature control plate in terms of area at least equal, preferably larger than the board itself to be heated.
- a contact plate is provided on the opposite side of the tempering in the tempering.
- the contact plate has partially areas that are uncooled and / or insulated.
- the contact plate has further areas, which are actively cooled, wherein the contact plate preferably also covers the board over its entire surface.
- the contact plate is the same size in terms of area as the temperature control.
- a further alternative embodiment variant provides that an alternative profiling is provided on the side opposite the tempering plate.
- This profiling also has areas that protrudes from a surface of the profiling and partially with the Sheet metal board come to rest with closed temperature control station. These coming to the plant areas are in the board areas of the second kind, which are heated to a temperature below AC1, wherein the profiling is cooled. The areas not coming into contact with the profiling are in turn heated to a temperature above AC3 by plant contact with the temperature control plate itself.
- the tempering station has a tempering plate on both sides of the board, wherein the tempering plate is tempered in regions and / or segmented, such that areas of the first type of board are heated to above AC3 temperature and areas second Kind to be tempered under AC1. These areas are formed in the tempering itself by Isolierwerkstoff and / or a cooled area. The areas of the first type of board are formed in the tempering itself heated, so that a heat conduction from the tempering to the areas of the first kind in the board.
- the temperature control plate and / or the profiling and / or the contact plate itself is resiliently mounted and in the unloaded state is designed to protrude over an upper tool or lower tool in the temperature control station. It is thus achieved that in the stroke direction of the tempering the board with the temperature control with the profiling or with the contact plate earlier in time comes into contact on both sides, before the tempering has reached its bottom dead center in the stroke direction. The effective contact time with the board is thus greater or longer than the closing time at the bottom dead center of the temperature control itself. Furthermore, an improved system contact is achieved by the resilient mounting. Furthermore, the resilient mounting can also achieve compensation for thermal expansion and / or achieve a uniform contact with the system, in particular pressing force or press pressure, when the temperature control plate and the circuit board are in contact.
- the tempering plate itself may for example be designed as an electrical resistance or heated or tempered by heating means. These may be, for example, cartridge heaters, inductors or other known heating means. Furthermore, in the temperature control, if this is partially cooled, also be provided according to active coolant.
- the profiling itself is preferably passively miter stiirmt by the system contact by means of the metal sheet through the tempering itself.
- a cooled profiling corresponding cooling or tempering can be provided here.
- FIG. 1 shows a hot forming line, in which the tempering 4 is preceded by a continuous furnace 22.
- the continuous furnace 22 has in the direction of passage DL in the embodiment variant shown here two temperature zones T 1 and T 2 .
- a first temperature zone T 1 can preferably be heated to a temperature of 900 ° C. or more.
- An optionally precoated, preferably pre-coated with AlSi board can thus fully austenitized and alloyed with the precoating become.
- a downstream in the direction of passage DL temperature zone T 2 may have a lower contrast, for example, 500 ° C to 750 ° C, preferably in the range of about 600 ° C.
- the thus pre-coated and optionally alloyed board has a homogeneous temperature profile.
- a locally delimited temperature profile is impressed by means of contact heating, so that sharply bordered transition areas between the individual areas are generated with mutually different temperatures in the board 2.
- industrial robots or manipulators can transfer the respectively tempered board or the manufactured component.
- FIG. 2 now shows the tempering 4 in the open state in detail view.
- a temperature control plate 6 is arranged, which is preferably designed as an electrical resistance. Thus, it has terminals for applying electric power.
- a support plate 9 is arranged, on which an optional insulating layer 10 is arranged. Opposite the insulating layer 10 are with a height H body 11 as profiling 12 over. Between the bodies 11 free spaces 13 are respectively formed, which lead to a bottom side 14 of the partially heated board 3 shown here to a Dolphin.
- the board 2 is pressed against the temperature control plate 6 with a pressing force.
- areas of the first type 15 are formed on the heated board 3, and areas of the second type 16 are formed.
- the areas of the first type 15 are completely austenitized.
- the second type 16 regions are heated to a temperature below AC1 temperature. If the temperature control station 4 is closed, heat conduction takes place from the temperature control plate 6 due to system contact of the temperature control plate via an upper side 17 into the circuit board.
- the bodies 11 are also heated passively. These are on the bottom 14 of the board 2. Consequently, there is a heat conduction from the tempering plate 6 via the board into the body 11.
- Cooling channels 18 can optionally be arranged in the carrier plate 9, so that overheating of the carrier plate 9 during continuous operation of the tempering station 4 is counteracted.
- the tempering 4 is closed in Pressenhubraum 20.
- FIG. 3 shows the tempering 4 analogous to FIG. 2 , Here, however, the body 11 by springs 21 in Pressenhubides 20 with respect to the insulating layer 10 protruding. Thus, the body 11 are resiliently mounted.
- FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment variant in which the entire lower tool 8 is resiliently mounted, for example on a tool plate or on a substrate. This also allows the time of the heat-conducting system of board 2 and body 11 are extended.
- FIG. 5 shows an alternative embodiment variant of a tempering according to the invention 4.
- an upper temperature control plate 6 is completely heated and also comes completely with the board 2 to be heated in plant contact.
- a lower temperature-control plate 6 also has a profiling 12 in this case.
- the lower tempering 6 itself is also heated by means of heating means 24, such as inductors, itself.
- heating means 24 such as inductors
- the heating means mentioned above and below may be resistance heaters, but also burner heaters, heating cartridges or jacket heaters. As mentioned earlier, however, can also, the respective temperature control plate 6, 23 may be formed as an electrical resistance itself and thus as a resistance heating.
- the heating means may also be inductors which temper the temperature control plate 6, 23 by means of induction, and the temperature control plate 6, 23 in turn transfers the heat to the circuit board 2 to be heated by means of heat conduction.
- FIG. 6 shows an analogous embodiment FIG. 5 , Here, however, a circumferential insulation 25 is disposed on the lower heating plate 23. Furthermore, the springs 21 are not provided in this embodiment variant.
- FIG. 7 shows an analogous embodiment variant FIG. 6 also with a peripheral insulation 25, wherein the lower temperature-control plate 23 is in turn supported by springs 21.
- FIG. 9 shows a further alternative embodiment variant.
- the upper temperature-control plate 6 is suspended by means of springs 21 on the upper tool 7. It is still a corresponding insulating layer 10 incorporated, in order to avoid cooling of the upper temperature-6.
- the upper temperature plate 6 is heated to a temperature greater than AC3, not by shown heating means and / or by electrical resistance heating.
- the springs 21 the effective contact time is extended in Pressenhubides 20 with the board 2 to be heated.
- the lower temperature-control plate 6 is provided, on which body 11 are placed to form a profiling 12. Between the bodies 11 cooling plates 26 are arranged. In the cooling plates 26 in turn cooling channels 18 are formed to set a temperature, which may be, for example, 600 ° C.
- the body 11 and the lower temperature control plate 23 themselves have a temperature of about AC3 temperature.
- the body 11 itself may also have a lower temperature than the lower temperature control plate 23.
- regions of the first type 15 and regions of the second type 16 are again formed.
- FIG. 10 shows a further alternative embodiment variant of the tempering according to the invention 4.
- a homogenous heated to above AC3 temperature upper temperature-6 is arranged on an upper tool 7.
- individual body 11 are mounted on springs 21. It can be provided not shown axial guides, so that a lateral tilting of the body 11 is avoided.
- cooling plates 26 are provided, which have a temperature of preferably 500 ° C to less AC1 temperature, in particular 600 ° C. These cooling plates 26 may in turn have a cooling channel 18.
- the cooling channels 18 can be heated by the side heated body 11, wherein the body 11 according to FIG. 10 active or passive can be heated via the sheet metal blank.
- the cooling plates 26 can also be indirectly heated by a corresponding heat conduction from the upper Temperierplatte 6 through the board 3 in the cooling plates 26.
- the cooling plates 26 themselves can also be heated themselves, but to a temperature which is less than the AC1 temperature.
- FIG. 11 shows an upper temperature control plate 6, which is formed in this case as an electrical resistance itself and a lower temperature control plate 23, wherein on the tempering 6 individual body 11 are placed.
- the body 11 and the lower temperature control plate 23 each have the same temperature, which in particular is above AC3 temperature.
- the lower tempering plate 23 with attached bodies 11 according to FIGS. 11 and 12 each may also be formed integrally with the body 11.
- FIG. 12 shows a similar embodiment variant FIG. 11 , but here, too, the lower temperature-control plate 6 is formed as an electrical resistance itself.
- the lower temperature-control plate 23 with the profiling 12, but also the upper temperature-control plate 6, may be formed electrically insulated, so that even with the temperature-control station 4 closed and thus contact with the electrically conductive metal plate, a continuous heating of the Tempering plates 6, 23 is performed.
- FIG. 13 shows a further embodiment variant.
- an additional masking or profiling plate 27 is placed on a lower temperature control plate 6.
- the lower tempering plate 6 is also formed as an electrical resistance itself and is heated to a temperature of for example 500 ° C.
- a temperature of, for example, 600 ° C. which adjusts itself, then appears due to indirect contact with the installation of the board 2 to be heated with the upper contact plate.
- plate pieces 28 In between there are plate pieces 28, in which a contrast lower temperature is formed.
- FIG. 14 shows a further alternative embodiment variant.
- a lower temperature control plate 23 is heated to, for example, a temperature of 500 ° C.
- an insulating layer 10 is arranged on the lower temperature control plate 23 .
- body 11 are again arranged, which form a profiling 12. Free spaces 13 are formed between the bodies 11 in order to heat regions of the first and second types 15, 16 at different temperatures on the board 2 to be heated.
- the upper Temperature control plate 6 has a temperature greater AC3 temperature. In the bodies 11, a temperature of about 800 ° C is established.
- FIG. 15 shows a further alternative embodiment variant of the tempering according to the invention 4.
- a temperature control plate 6 is arranged on the lower tool 8, which preferably has a temperature homogeneously greater than or equal to AC3 temperature.
- This temperature control plate 6 is heated by a corresponding heating means 24, for example in the form of inductors.
- Underneath is an insulating layer to avoid temperature losses.
- An insulating layer 10 is likewise arranged on the upper tool and a profiling in the form of cooling plates 26 is formed in the insulating layer 10.
- These cooling plates 26 preferably have cooling channels 18 in order to be actively cooled, for example by passage of a cooling fluid.
- the areas of the first type 15 are thus on the tempering with closed tempering on the temperature control and are heated to a temperature greater than or equal to AC3.
- the areas of the second type 16, where the cooling plates 26 come to rest, are cooled and consequently heat less strongly.
- the cooling capacity in the cooling plates 26 the temperature in the areas of the second type 16 can be adjusted in a targeted manner.
- a regulation of the temperature control plate 6 can be omitted.
- FIG. 16 shows an alternative embodiment variant.
- the cooling plates 26 on the upper tool 7 are not in the form of a profiling, but are incorporated into the insulating layer 10 and close with their contact surface flush.
- This offers the advantage that the insulating layer 10 can also exert a contact pressure on the heated plate 3 lying on the temperature-control plate 6 when the temperature-control station 4 is closed.
- a controlled temperature control of the regions of the second type 16 is made possible.
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Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines warmumgeformten und gehärteten Stahlblechbauteils mit einer metallischen Korrosionsschutzbeschichtung aufweisend folgende Verfahrensschritte:• Bereitstellen einer Platine 2 mit einer Korrsionsschutzbeschichtung,• Erwärmen der Platine 2 auf eine Temperatur größer AC3 des Stahlwerkstoffes, so dass die Korrosionsschutzschicht mit der Platine 2 durchlegiert,• Homogenes Einstellen einer Temperatur zwischen 500°C und AC3, insbesondere von 550°C bis kleiner gleich AC1,• Überführen der so vortemperierten Platine 2 in eine Temperierstation 4 und bereichsweise Erwärmen auf eine Temperatur größer gleich AC3 Temperatur, wobei die anderen Bereiche auf der Vortemperatur gehalten werden oder auf eine Temperatur kleiner AC3 erwärmt werden,• Warmumformen und Presshärten der partiell temperierten Platine 2 in einem Warmumform und Presshärtewerkzeug 5 zu einem Stahlblechbauteil mit bereichsweise voneinander verschiedenen Festigkeitseigenschaften.The invention relates to a method for producing a hot-formed and hardened sheet steel component with a metallic anti-corrosion coating having the following process steps: Providing a plate 2 with an anti-corrosion coating; fully alloyed, • homogeneous setting of a temperature between 500 ° C and AC3, in particular from 550 ° C to less than or equal to AC1, • transferring the pre-tempered board 2 to a temperature control station 4 and heating in areas to a temperature greater than or equal to AC3 temperature, with the other areas are kept at the pre-temperature or heated to a temperature less than AC3, • hot forming and press hardening of the partially tempered blank 2 in a hot forming and press hardening tool 5 to form a sheet steel component with partially different strength properties.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines warmumgeformten und gehärteten Stahlblechbauteils auf einer Warmformlinie gemäß den Merkmalen im Patentanspruch 1.The present invention relates to a method for producing a hot-formed and hardened sheet steel component on a thermoforming line according to the features in
Aus dem Stand der Technik ist es bekannt, Stahlbauteile warmumzuformen und zu härten. Dies wird auch als Warmumformen mit anschließendem Presshärten bezeichnet. Eine Platine aus einer härtbaren Stahllegierung wird dazu zumindest bereichsweise auf eine Temperatur über AC3 Temperatur (Austenitisierungstemperatur) erwärmt. Die Platine befindet sich somit zumindest bereichsweise in einem austenitisierten Zustand. In diesem warmen Zustand sind die Formgebungsfreiheitsgrade vergrößert, so dass in einem Pressumformwerkzeug eine Warmumformung stattfinden kann. Anschließend wird das warmumgeformte Bauteil derart schnell abgekühlt, dass ein Abschreckhärten bzw. Presshärten stattfindet. Insbesondere in den zuvor austenitisierten Bereichen wird somit ein martensitisches und damit hoch- oder höchstfestes Werkstoffgefüge eingestellt.From the prior art it is known to hot-form and harden steel components. This is also referred to as hot forming followed by press hardening. A board made of a hardenable steel alloy is heated at least in some areas to a temperature above AC3 temperature (austenitizing temperature). The board is thus at least partially in an austenitized state. In this warm state, the forming degrees of freedom are increased so that hot working can take place in a press forming tool. Subsequently, the hot-formed component is cooled down so fast that a quench hardening or press hardening takes place. Especially in the before Austenitized areas thus a martensitic and thus high or ultra high strength material structure is set.
Damit die Platinen zunächst auf die Austenitisierungstemperatur, mithin auf ca. 900°C oder mehr, gebracht werden, ist dem Warmumform- und Presshärtewerkzeug eine Erwärmungseinrichtung vorgeschaltet. Diese ist zumeist ein Durchlaufofen, welcher jedoch relativ viel Energie und auch Platz in einer Produktionshalle bedarf.So that the boards are first brought to the Austenitisierungstemperatur, thus to about 900 ° C or more, a warming device is connected upstream of the hot forming and press hardening tool. This is usually a continuous furnace, which, however, requires a relatively large amount of energy and space in a production hall.
In den letzten Jahren ist die platzsparende und deutlich schneller durchzuführende Kontakterwärmung bekannt geworden. Hierbei wird eine Temperierstation verwendet, die Temperierplatten aufweist. Die zu erwärmende Blechplatine wird in die Temperierstation eingelegt und die Temperierstation wird geschlossen. Die in den Temperierplatten vorhandene Wärme geht durch Wärmeleitung in die zu erwärmende Platine über. Dies wird auch als Kontakterwärmung bezeichnet. Beispielsweise ist eine solche Temperierstation aus der
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine Warmformlinie mit Temperierstation bereitzustellen, mit der es möglich ist, präzise eine Platine partiell voneinander verschieden zu erwärmen, bei geringem Energiebedarf und besonders kurzer Erwärmungszeit.Object of the present invention is to provide a thermoforming line with tempering, with which it is possible to precisely heat a board partially different from each other, with low energy consumption and a particularly short heating time.
Die zuvor genannte Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß mit einem Verfahren zum Herstellen eines warmumgeformten und gehärteten Stahlblechbauteils mit den Merkmalen im Patentanspruch 1 gelöst.The aforementioned object is achieved with a method for producing a hot-formed and hardened sheet steel component with the features in
Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.
Das Verfahren zur Herstellung eines warmumgeformten und gehärteten Stahlblechbauteils, insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugbauteils mit einer metallischen Korrosionsschutzbeschichtung, insbesondere einer Al-Si-Beschichtung weist folgende Verfahrensschritte auf:
- Bereitstellen einer Platine mit einer Korrsionsschutzbeschichtung,
- Erwärmen der Platine auf eine Temperatur größer AC3 des Stahlwerkstoffes, so dass die Korrosionsschutzschicht mit dem Grundmaterial der Platine durchlegiert,
- Homogenes Einstellen einer Temperatur in der Platine von 500°C bis AC1, insbesondere von 550°C bis kleiner AC1,
- Überführen der so vortemperierten Platine in eine Temperierstation und bereichsweise Erwärmen auf eine Temperatur größer gleich AC3 Temperatur, wobei die anderen Bereiche auf der Vortemperatur gehalten werden oder auf eine Temperatur kleiner gleich AC1 erwärmt werden,
- Warmumformen und Presshärten der partiell temperierten Platine in einem Warmumform- und Presshärtewerkzeug zu einem Stahlblechbauteil mit bereichsweise voneinander verschiedenen Festig keitseigenschaften.
- Providing a board with an anti-corrosive coating,
- Heating the board to a temperature greater than AC3 of the steel material, so that the corrosion protection layer is alloyed with the base material of the board,
- Homogeneous setting of a temperature in the board from 500 ° C to AC1, in particular from 550 ° C to less AC1,
- Transferring the so-preheated board into a tempering station and heating in some areas to a temperature greater than or equal to AC3 temperature, the other areas being kept at the preliminary temperature or heated to a temperature of less than or equal to AC1,
- Hot forming and press hardening of the partially tempered board in a hot forming and press hardening tool to a sheet steel component with area-wise different Festig keitseigenschaften.
Als Platine wird insbesondere eine Blechplatine bzw. Stahlplatine aus einer härtbaren Stahllegierung bereitgestellt, beispielsweise aus einem 22MnB5-Stahl. Die Korrosionsschutzbeschichtung ist besonders bevorzugt eine Beschichtung auf Aluminiumbasis, beispielsweise eine Aluminium-Siliziumbeschichtung oder auch eine Beschichtung auf Zinkbasis.As a board, in particular, a sheet metal blank or steel plate made of a hardenable steel alloy is provided, for example, a 22MnB5 steel. The anticorrosive coating is particularly preferably an aluminum-based coating, for example an aluminum-silicon coating or else a zinc-based coating.
Es hat sich als besonders vorteilig erwiesen, zum einen für die Prozesssicherheit des durchgeführten Verfahrens, zum anderen aus energetischen Aspekten sowie dem benötigten Platzbedarf, in einem zweigeteilten Ofen, insbesondere einem Durchlaufofen, zunächst die Platine auf eine Temperatur größer der AC3-Temperatur zu erwärmen. Dies geschieht insbesondere mit einer Übertemperatur innerhalb einer ersten Temperaturzone des Ofens, so dass die aufgebrachte Beschichtung mit der Oberfläche der Stahlplatine durchlegiert und eine intermetalische Phase ausgebildet wird. Gleichzeitig werden alle Bereiche der Platine austenitisiert, was sich wiederum vorteilig mit Hinblick auf spätere feste, jedoch auch weiche bzw. duktile Bereiche innerhalb der Platine auswirkt.It has proved to be particularly advantageous, firstly for the process reliability of the process carried out, secondly from energetic aspects and the space required in a two-part furnace, in particular a continuous furnace, first to heat the board to a temperature greater than the AC3 temperature. This happens in particular with an excess temperature within a first temperature zone of the furnace, so that the applied coating is alloyed with the surface of the steel plate and an intermetallic phase is formed. At the same time, all areas of the board are austenitized, which in turn has an advantageous effect with respect to later fixed, but also soft or ductile areas within the board.
Im Anschluss an das erste Austenitisieren wird eine Temperatur in der Platine eingestellt, die von 500°C bis AC1-Temperatur beträgt, insbesondere von 550°C bis kleiner AC1-Temperatur beträgt. Dieser zweistufige Temperierungsvorgang wird auch Vortemperieren bzw. Vorerwärmen genannt.Following the first austenitizing, a temperature in the board is set which is from 500 ° C to AC1 temperature, in particular from 550 ° C to less AC1 temperature. This two-stage tempering process is also called pre-tempering or preheating.
Die so vortemperierte Platine, welche bereits eine intermetallische Phase mit der Korrosionsschutzbeschichtung gebildet hat, wird dann in eine Temperierstation überführt. Die Temperierstation ist als Kontakttemperiertstation ausgebildet. Dies bedeutet, dass die Temperierstation mindestens eine Kontaktplatte aufweist und die Kontaktplatte mittels Wärmeleitung ihre Wärme an die zu erwärmende Platine abgibt. In der Temperierstation selbst wird die Platine dann bereichsweise auf Temperaturen größer AC3 erwärmt, also wiederum austenitisiert. Andere Bereiche können auf der Vortemperatur gehalten werden oder aber auf eine Temperatur kleiner AC1 erwärmt werden. Es wäre im Rahmen der Erfindung auch vorstellbar, dass die anderen Bereiche entsprechend gekühlt werden. Die Zieltemperatur liegt jedoch ebenfalls hier in einem Bereich zwischen 500°C und kleiner AC1-Temperatur.The pre-tempered board, which has already formed an intermetallic phase with the anti-corrosion coating, is then transferred to a tempering station. The temperature control is designed as Kontakttemperiertstation. This means that the tempering station has at least one contact plate and the contact plate dissipates its heat by means of heat conduction to the board to be heated. In the tempering station itself, the board is then heated in some areas to temperatures greater than AC3, that is again austenitized. Other areas may be maintained at the pre-set temperature or may be heated to a temperature less than AC1. It would also be conceivable within the scope of the invention for the other areas to be cooled accordingly. However, the target temperature is also here in a range between 500 ° C and small AC1 temperature.
Die so partiell temperierte Platine wird im Anschluss von der Temperierstation in ein Warmumform- und Presshärtewerkzeug überführt und hier warmumgeformt und pressgehärtet. Vorteilig dabei ist, dass keine aufwendigen Maßnahmen wie beispielsweise zusätzliche Beheizungen und/oder nur partielle Kühlungen in dem Warmumform- und Presshärtewerkzeug vorgesehen werden müssen. Die Platine ist bereits partiell temperiert und kann somit in einem konventionellen Warmumform- und Presshärtewerkzeug ohne zusätzliche Temperaturmaßnahmen in dem Werkzeug selbst warmumgeformt und pressgehärtet werden. Insbesondere wird bei dem Presshärten eine Abkühlrate von mindestens 40 K/s gewählt.The so partially tempered board is then transferred from the tempering station in a hot forming and press hardening tool and here hot-formed and press-hardened. The advantage here is that no costly measures such as additional heating and / or only partial cooling must be provided in the hot forming and press hardening tool. The board is already partially tempered and can thus be hot-formed and press-hardened in a conventional hot forming and press hardening tool without additional temperature measures in the tool itself. In particular, in the press-hardening, a cooling rate of at least 40 K / s is selected.
Durch das zuvor beschriebene erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung eines warmgeformten und pressgehärteten Stahlblechbauteils ist es somit möglich, ein dreidimensional geformtes Stahlblechbauteil, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeugbauteil, herzustellen, dass zumindest bereichsweise eine Zugfestigkeit größer 1.000 MPa, insbesondere größer 1.200 MPa und bevorzugt größer 1.400 MPa in harten Bereichen aufweist. Die demgegenüber weicheren Bereiche weisen eine Zugfestigkeit kleiner 1.000 MPa, bevorzugt von 500 MPa bis 900 MPa, insbesondere 550 MPa bis 800 MPa, auf.By means of the above-described method according to the invention for producing a thermoformed and press-hardened sheet steel component, it is thus possible to produce a three-dimensionally shaped sheet steel component, in particular a motor vehicle component, that at least in some areas has a tensile strength greater than 1,000 MPa, in particular greater than 1,200 MPa and preferably greater than 1,400 MPa in hard areas , The softer areas, on the other hand, have a tensile strength of less than 1,000 MPa, preferably from 500 MPa to 900 MPa, in particular from 550 MPa to 800 MPa.
Ebenfalls ist prozesssicher garantiert, dass die Korrosionsschutzbeschichtung mit der Metallplatine durchlegiert ist und auch beim späteren Umformen, die Korrosionsschutzbeschichtung nicht beschädigt wird. Gleichzeitig sind die Energiekosten sowie die Werkzeugkosten zum Aufstellen und zum Betreiben der Warmformlinie für erfindungsgemäße Herstellungsverfahren verringert, insbesondere hinsichtlich des Warmumform- und Presshärtewerkzeugs. Der Platzbedarf fällt ebenfalls im Vergleich zu anderen Warmformlinien deutlich geringer aus.It is also guaranteed with certainty that the corrosion protection coating is alloyed with the metal plate and that the corrosion protection coating is not damaged during later forming. At the same time, the energy costs and the tooling costs for setting up and operating the hot forming line for production methods according to the invention are reduced, in particular with regard to the hot forming and press-hardening tool. The space requirement is also significantly lower compared to other hot forming lines.
Für das Vorerwärmen bzw. Vortemperieren wird im Rahmen der Erfindung besonders bevorzugt ein Durchlaufofen verwendet, welcher in Durchlaufrichtung zwei unmittelbar aneinander angrenzende Temperaturzonen aufweist. Insbesondere findet eine kontinuierliche Förderung in eine Richtung durch den Durchlaufofen statt. Eine erste Temperaturzone besitzt dabei eine Temperatur größer der AC3-Temperatur, eine darauf folgende zweite Temperaturzone weist eine Temperatur kleiner der AC1-Temperatur, mindestens jedoch ca. 500°C auf.For the preheating or preheating, a continuous furnace is particularly preferably used within the scope of the invention which has two temperature zones directly adjacent to one another in the direction of passage. In particular, continuous production takes place in one direction through the continuous furnace. A first temperature zone has a temperature greater than the AC3 temperature, a subsequent second temperature zone has a temperature lower than the AC1 temperature, but at least about 500 ° C.
In der ersten Temperaturzone sollte eine Temperatur der Blechplatine selbst von maximal 930°C eingestellt werden. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass für den Temperaturbereich von 20°C bis 700°C eine Erwärmungsrate von 12K/s nicht überschritten wird, so dass sich eine intermetallische Phase zwischen der Beschichtung und dem Grundmaterial der Platine ausbildet.In the first temperature zone, a temperature of the sheet metal plate itself of a maximum of 930 ° C should be set. In particular, it is provided that for the temperature range from 20 ° C. to 700 ° C., a heating rate of 12 K / s is not exceeded, so that an intermetallic phase is formed between the coating and the base material of the board.
In der zweiten Temperaturzone kann eine Innenraumtemperatur des Ofens der Zieltemperatur der Platine oder auch bis zu 50°C darunter betragen, mithin 500°C bis kleiner AC1-Temperatur bzw. bis zu 50°C darunter. Somit kann ein Absenken der Temperatur von einer Temperatur im Bereich von AC3 auf 500°C bis kleiner AC1 erreicht werden. Sollte durch eine kurzzeitige Produktionsunterbrechung der Durchlauf gestoppt werden, so sinkt die Platinentemperatur, insbesondere in der zweiten Temperaturzone, nicht direkt auf ein unterkritisches Temperaturniveau.In the second temperature zone, an interior temperature of the furnace can be the target temperature of the board or even up to 50 ° C below, thus 500 ° C to less AC1 temperature or up to 50 ° C below. Thus, lowering the temperature from a temperature in the range of AC3 to 500 ° C to less than AC1 can be achieved. Should the run be stopped by a brief interruption in production, the board temperature, in particular in the second temperature zone, does not drop directly to a subcritical temperature level.
Die Durchlaufzeit in der ersten Temperaturzone des Durchlaufofens sollte von 2 bis 6 Minuten, bevorzugt von 3 bis 5 Minuten und insbesondere etwa 4 Minuten betragen. Bevorzugt sind die jeweils genannten längeren Zeiten für Platinen mit einer Wandstärke größer 1,5 mm sowie die genannten kürzeren Zeiten für Platinen mit einer Wandstärke bis 1,5 mm vorgesehen.The flow time in the first temperature zone of the continuous furnace should be from 2 to 6 minutes, preferably from 3 to 5 minutes and especially about 4 minutes. Preferably, the respective longer times for boards with a wall thickness greater than 1.5 mm and the said shorter times for boards with a wall thickness of up to 1.5 mm are provided.
Die Durchlaufzeit in der zweiten Temperaturzone sollte zwischen 20s und 240s, insbesondere von 40s bis 180s betragen. Die Durchlaufzeit in der ersten Temperaturzone wird entsprechend an die zu erreichenden Temperaturen und Taktzeiten bei vorgenannter Erwärmungsrate zwischen 20°C und 700°C angepasst. Bevorzugt ist ein Förderer vorgesehen, der sowohl durch erste als auch zweite Temperaturzone fördert, mithin ist die Transportgeschwindigkeit durch den gesamten Durchlaufofen gleich.The cycle time in the second temperature zone should be between 20 s and 240 s, in particular from 40 s to 180 s. The cycle time in the first temperature zone is adjusted according to the temperatures to be reached and cycle times at the aforementioned heating rate between 20 ° C and 700 ° C. Preferably, a conveyor is provided, which promotes both by first and second temperature zone, thus the transport speed through the entire continuous furnace is the same.
Weiterhin erfindungsgemäß kann die Warmformlinie in einer Taktzeit von 5 bis 15 Sekunden, bevorzugt von 7 bis 12 Sekunden, besonders bevorzugt von 8 bis 10 Sekunden betrieben werden. Dies wird realisiert insbesondere durch die dem Warmumform- und Presshärtewerkzeug vorgeschaltete Temperierstation, welche im selben Takt betrieben werden kann wie das Warmumform- und Presshärtewerkzeug selber. Die Transferzeiten zwischen den einzelnen Stationen bzw. Werkzeugen sind bevorzugt noch geringer. So beträgt eine Transferzeit zwischen Ende der Vorerwärmung und Beginn der Kontakterwärmung bevorzugt weniger als 10 Sekunden, insbesondere weniger als 5 Sekunden und ganz besonders bevorzugt innerhalb von 2 bis 5 Sekunden. Hierdurch hat sich wiederum erfindungsgemäß herausgestellt, dass das Zusammenspiel zwischen Vortemperierung sowie partieller Nacherwärmung in Verbindung mit dem in die Platine einzubringenden Wärmeeintrag besonders effektiv durchgeführt wird. Die Taktzeit und die Transferzeit überlappen sich.Furthermore, according to the invention, the hot forming line can be operated in a cycle time of 5 to 15 seconds, preferably 7 to 12 seconds, more preferably 8 to 10 seconds. This is realized in particular by the tempering station upstream of the hot forming and press hardening tool, which can be operated in the same cycle as the hot forming and press hardening tool itself. The transfer times between the individual stations or tools are preferably even lower. Thus, a transfer time between the end of preheating and the beginning of the contact heating is preferably less than 10 seconds, in particular less than 5 seconds and most preferably within 2 to 5 seconds. As a result, in turn, it has been found according to the invention that the interaction between pre-tempering and partial reheating in conjunction with the heat input to be introduced into the board is carried out particularly effectively. The cycle time and the transfer time overlap.
Insbesondere bei dem Durchlegieren der Korrosionsschutzschicht bildet sich ein 4-schichtiger Aufbau, beginnend von der Platine bzw. der härtbaren Stahllegierung nach außen. Dieser 4-schichtige Aufbau ist gebildet durch eine Interdiffusionsschicht, welche sich mit der härtbaren Stahllegierung verbindet, gefolgt von einer Zwischenschicht, wiederum gefolgt von einer intermetallischen Schicht und der außenliegenden Oberflächenschicht der Korrosions-schutzbeschichtung.In particular, when alloying the corrosion protection layer, a 4-layer structure, starting from the board or the hardenable steel alloy to the outside. This 4-layer construction is formed by an interdiffusion layer which bonds to the hardenable steel alloy, followed by an intermediate layer, again followed by an intermetallic layer and the outer surface layer of the corrosion protection coating.
Ferner ist es möglich, das Stahlblechbauteil mit einer randentkohlten Schicht herzustellen. Dabei stellt sich ein Biegewinkel größer 50° ein und eine Schichtdicke an dem Stahlblechbauteil, an dem eine Randentkohlung aufgetreten ist, zwischen 5 µm und 50 µm. Es ist somit möglich für einen Kohlenstoffgehalt größer 0,20 Gew.-% eine Zugfestigkeit größer 1.350 MPa einzustellen und für einen Kohlenstoffgehalt kleiner 0,35 Gew.-% eine Zugfestigkeit mitunter größer als 1.800 MPa einzustellen. Die Randentkohlung wird durch Entkohlung eines Bandhalbzeuges, mithin bevor ein entsprechendes Stahlband zu Platinen vereinzelt wird, durch Zuführung von Stickstoff und Anteilen eines oxidhaltigen Gases oder Fluides, wie z. B. Wasserdampf oder Wasseratmosphäre, vor dem Tauchbeschichten durchgeführt.Further, it is possible to produce the sheet steel component with a edge decarburized layer. In this case, a bending angle greater than 50 ° and a layer thickness on the sheet steel component, on which a Randentkohlung has occurred, between 5 microns and 50 microns. It is thus possible for a carbon content greater than 0.20 wt .-% to set a tensile strength greater than 1350 MPa and set for a carbon content less than 0.35 wt .-%, a tensile strength sometimes greater than 1,800 MPa. The edge decarburization is by decarburization of a strip semi-finished product, before before a corresponding steel strip is separated into blanks, by supplying nitrogen and portions of an oxide-containing gas or fluid, such as. As water vapor or water atmosphere, performed prior to dip coating.
Die Temperierstation zur Kontakttemperierung der Platine weist ferner an einem Unterwerkzeug oder an einem Oberwerkzeug eine Temperierplatte auf. Die Temperierplatte selbst wird homogen auf eine Temperatur größer AC3-Temperatur erwärmt. Die Temperierplatte deckt bevorzugt die zu erwärmende Blechplatine vollflächig ab. Damit nunmehr die Temperierstation geschlossen werden kann ist auf der der Temperierplatte gegenüberliegenden Seite eine Profilierung ausgebildet. Die Profilierung kommt bei geschlossener Temperierstation mit der Blechplatine bereichsweise zur Anlage, dergestalt dass Bereiche erster Art der Blechplatine aufgrund von Anlagenkontakt auch mit der Profilierung austenitisiert werden und Bereiche zweiter Art auf eine Temperatur unter AC1-Temperatur erwärmt werden. Bereiche zweiter Art werden nur auf eine Temperatur unter AC1-Temperatur erwärmt, wobei in diesen Bereichen kein Anlagenkontakt mit der Profilierung erfolgt.The tempering for Kontakttemperierung the board also has a temperature control plate on a lower tool or on an upper tool. The tempering plate itself is heated homogeneously to a temperature greater than AC3 temperature. The tempering preferably covers the entire sheet metal plate to be heated from. So that now the temperature control can be closed on the opposite side of the temperature control one Profiling trained. The profiling comes in closed tempering station with the sheet metal plate in some areas to the plant, such that areas of the first type of sheet metal blank are austenitized due to system contact with the profiling and areas of the second kind are heated to a temperature below AC1 temperature. Areas of the second type are heated only to a temperature below AC1 temperature, wherein no plant contact with the profiling takes place in these areas.
Die zuvor sowie auch die nachfolgend beschriebene Temperierplatte weist besonders bevorzugt eine Temperatur größer der AC3-Temperatur selber auf. Bei Anlagenkontakt erfolgt somit aufgrund von Wärmeleitung eine Erwärmung der Platine auf zumindest bereichsweise größer AC3-Temperatur. Besonders bevorzugt ist die Temperatur der Temperierplatte auf mehr als 50°C, insbesondere mehr als 100°C, und besonders bevorzugt mehr als 150°C, ganz besonders bevorzugt mehr als 200°C größer der AC3-Temperatur erwärmt. Die Temperierplatte sollte jedoch eine Eigentemperatur aufweisen, die nicht mehr als 300°C über der AC3-Temperatur beträgt. Die Temperierplatte selbst deckt besonders bevorzugt mit ihrer flächenmäßigen Erstreckung die Platine vollständig ab. Mithin ist die Temperierplatte flächenmäßig mindestens gleich, bevorzugt größer als die zu erwärmende Platine selbst.The tempering plate described above and also described below particularly preferably has a temperature greater than the AC3 temperature itself. In system contact thus takes place due to heat conduction heating of the board on at least partially greater AC3 temperature. The temperature of the temperature control plate is particularly preferably heated to more than 50 ° C., in particular more than 100 ° C., and more preferably more than 150 ° C., very particularly preferably more than 200 ° C., greater than the AC3 temperature. However, the tempering plate should have an own temperature which is not more than 300 ° C above the AC3 temperature. The tempering plate itself particularly preferably covers the board completely with its areal extent. Thus, the temperature control plate in terms of area at least equal, preferably larger than the board itself to be heated.
Anstelle von der zuvor beschriebenen Profilierung ist es auch möglich, dass auf der der Temperierplatte gegenüberliegenden Seite in der Temperierstation eine Kontaktplatte vorgesehen ist. Die Kontaktplatte weist partiell Bereiche auf, die ungekühlt und/oder isoliert sind. Die Kontaktplatte weist weitere Bereiche auf, die aktiv gekühlt sind, wobei die Kontaktplatte bevorzugt die Platine ebenfalls vollflächig abdeckt. Bevorzugt ist die Kontaktplatte flächenmäßig genauso groß wie die Temperierplatte.Instead of the profiling described above, it is also possible that a contact plate is provided on the opposite side of the tempering in the tempering. The contact plate has partially areas that are uncooled and / or insulated. The contact plate has further areas, which are actively cooled, wherein the contact plate preferably also covers the board over its entire surface. Preferably, the contact plate is the same size in terms of area as the temperature control.
Eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltungsvariante sieht vor, dass auf der der Temperierplatte gegenüberliegenden Seite eine alternative Profilierung vorgesehen ist. Diese Profilierung weist ebenfalls Bereiche auf, die gegenüber einer Oberfläche der Profilierung vorsteht und bereichsweise mit der Blechplatine bei geschlossener Temperierstation zur Anlage kommen. Diese zur Anlage kommenden Bereiche sind in der Platine Bereiche zweiter Art, die auf eine Temperatur unter AC1, erwärmt werden, wobei die Profilierung gekühlt ist. Die nicht mit der Profilierung zur Anlage kommenden Bereiche werden durch Anlagenkontakt mit der Temperierplatte selbst wiederum auf eine Temperatur über AC3 erwärmt.A further alternative embodiment variant provides that an alternative profiling is provided on the side opposite the tempering plate. This profiling also has areas that protrudes from a surface of the profiling and partially with the Sheet metal board come to rest with closed temperature control station. These coming to the plant areas are in the board areas of the second kind, which are heated to a temperature below AC1, wherein the profiling is cooled. The areas not coming into contact with the profiling are in turn heated to a temperature above AC3 by plant contact with the temperature control plate itself.
In einer weiteren alternativen Ausgestaltungsvariante ist es vorstellbar, dass die Temperierstation beidseitig der Platine jeweils eine Temperierplatte aufweist, wobei die Temperierplatte bereichsweise temperiert ist und/oder segmentiert ist, dergestalt, dass Bereiche erster Art der Platine auf über AC3-Temperatur erwärmt werden und Bereiche zweiter Art auf unter AC1 temperiert werden. Diese Bereiche sind in der Temperierplatte selbst durch Isolierwerkstoff und/oder einen gekühlten Bereich ausgebildet. Die Bereiche erster Art der Platine sind in der Temperierplatte selbst beheizt ausgebildet, so dass eine Wärmeleitung von der Temperierplatte an die Bereiche erster Art in der Platine erfolgt.In a further alternative embodiment variant, it is conceivable that the tempering station has a tempering plate on both sides of the board, wherein the tempering plate is tempered in regions and / or segmented, such that areas of the first type of board are heated to above AC3 temperature and areas second Kind to be tempered under AC1. These areas are formed in the tempering itself by Isolierwerkstoff and / or a cooled area. The areas of the first type of board are formed in the tempering itself heated, so that a heat conduction from the tempering to the areas of the first kind in the board.
Weiterhin bevorzugt ist vorgesehen, dass die Temperierplatte und/oder die Profilierung und/oder die Kontaktplatte selbst federnd gelagert ist und im entlasteten Zustand gegenüber einem Oberwerkzeug bzw. Unterwerkzeug in der Temperierstation überstehend ausgebildet ist. Somit wird erreicht, dass in Hubrichtung der Temperierstation die Platine mit der Temperierplatte mit der Profilierung bzw. mit der Kontaktplatte zeitlich früher beidseitig in Kontakt kommt, bevor die Temperierstation ihren unteren Totpunkt in Hubrichtung erreicht hat. Die effektive Kontaktzeit mit der Platine ist somit größer bzw. länger als die Schließzeit im unteren Totpunkt der Temperierstation selbst. Ferner wird ein verbesserter Anlagenkontakt durch die federnde Lagerung erreicht. Ferner kann die federnde Lagerung auch einen Ausgleich zu Wärmedehnungen erreichen und/oder einen vergleichmässigten Anlagenkontakt, insbesondere Anpresskraft bzw. Pressendruck, bei Anlage von Temperierplatte und Platine erreichen.Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the temperature control plate and / or the profiling and / or the contact plate itself is resiliently mounted and in the unloaded state is designed to protrude over an upper tool or lower tool in the temperature control station. It is thus achieved that in the stroke direction of the tempering the board with the temperature control with the profiling or with the contact plate earlier in time comes into contact on both sides, before the tempering has reached its bottom dead center in the stroke direction. The effective contact time with the board is thus greater or longer than the closing time at the bottom dead center of the temperature control itself. Furthermore, an improved system contact is achieved by the resilient mounting. Furthermore, the resilient mounting can also achieve compensation for thermal expansion and / or achieve a uniform contact with the system, in particular pressing force or press pressure, when the temperature control plate and the circuit board are in contact.
Ebenfalls wird durch die federnde Lagerung beim Schließen und Öffnen der Temperierstation die Anlagenzeit zur Kontakttemperierung innerhalb der Taktzeit selbst effektiv verlängert.Also, the system time for Kontakttemperierung within the cycle time itself is effectively extended by the resilient mounting when closing and opening the tempering.
Die Temperierplatte selbst kann beispielsweise als elektrischer Widerstand ausgebildet sein oder auch durch Erwärmungsmittel erwärmt bzw. temperiert werden. Dies können beispielsweise Heizpatronen, Induktoren oder sonstige bekannte Heizmittel sein. Ferner können in der Temperierplatte, sofern diese bereichsweise gekühlt ist, auch entsprechend aktive Kühlmittel vorgesehen sein.The tempering plate itself may for example be designed as an electrical resistance or heated or tempered by heating means. These may be, for example, cartridge heaters, inductors or other known heating means. Furthermore, in the temperature control, if this is partially cooled, also be provided according to active coolant.
Die Profilierung selbst wird bevorzugt passiv durch den Anlagenkontakt mittels der Blechplatine durch die Temperierplatte selbst miterwärmt. Im Falle einer gekühlten Profilierung können hier entsprechende Kühl- oder Temperiermittel vorgesehen sein.The profiling itself is preferably passively miterwärmt by the system contact by means of the metal sheet through the tempering itself. In the case of a cooled profiling corresponding cooling or tempering can be provided here.
Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale, Eigenschaften und Aspekte der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der nachfolgenden Beschreibung:
- Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungsvarianten werden in den schematischen Figuren dargestellt. Diese dienen dem einfachen Verständnis der Erfindung. Es zeigen:
Figur 1- einen schematischen erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrensablauf,
Figur 2- eine erfindungsgemäße Temperierstation in Seitenansicht,
Figur 3- eine alternative Ausgestaltungsvariante der erfindungsgemäßen Temperierstation gemäß
Figur 2 , Figur 4- eine alternative
Ausgestaltungsvariante zu Figur 3 , - Figur 5
- eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltungsvariante einer Temperierstation in Seitenansicht,
Figur 6- eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltungsvariante einer Temperierstation in Seitenansicht,
Figur 7- eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltungsvariante einer Temperierstation in Seitenansicht,
Figur 8- eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltungsvariante einer Temperierstation in Seitenansicht,
Figur 9- eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltungsvariante einer Temperierstation in Seitenansicht,
Figur 10- eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltungsvariante einer Temperierstation in Seitenansicht,
Figur 11- eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltungsvariante einer Temperierstation in Seitenansicht,
Figur 12- eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltungsvariante einer Temperierstation in Seitenansicht,
Figur 13- eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltungsvariante einer Temperierstation in Seitenansicht,
Figur 14- eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltungsvariante einer Temperierstation in Seitenansicht,
Figur 15- eine alternative Ausgestaltungsvariante einer Temperierstation und
Figur 16- eine weitere alternative Ausgestaltungsvariante einer Temperierstation.
- Preferred embodiments are shown in the schematic figures. These are for easy understanding of the invention. Show it:
- FIG. 1
- a schematic process sequence according to the invention,
- FIG. 2
- a tempering station according to the invention in side view,
- FIG. 3
- an alternative embodiment variant of the tempering according to the invention according to
FIG. 2 . - FIG. 4
- an alternative embodiment variant
FIG. 3 . - FIG. 5
- a further alternative embodiment variant of a tempering station in side view,
- FIG. 6
- a further alternative embodiment variant of a tempering station in side view,
- FIG. 7
- a further alternative embodiment variant of a tempering station in side view,
- FIG. 8
- a further alternative embodiment variant of a tempering station in side view,
- FIG. 9
- a further alternative embodiment variant of a tempering station in side view,
- FIG. 10
- a further alternative embodiment variant of a tempering station in side view,
- FIG. 11
- a further alternative embodiment variant of a tempering station in side view,
- FIG. 12
- a further alternative embodiment variant of a tempering station in side view,
- FIG. 13
- a further alternative embodiment variant of a tempering station in side view,
- FIG. 14
- a further alternative embodiment variant of a tempering station in side view,
- FIG. 15
- an alternative embodiment variant of a tempering and
- FIG. 16
- a further alternative embodiment variant of a temperature control station.
Im Bereich der Körper 11 wird die Platine 2 an die Temperierplatte 6 mit einer Pressenkraft angedrückt. In der Folge werden an der erwärmten Platine 3 Bereiche erster Art 15 ausgebildet sowie Bereiche zweiter Art 16. Die Bereiche erster Art 15 sind vollständig austenitisiert. Die Bereiche zweiter Art 16 sind auf eine Temperatur unter AC1 Temperatur erwärmt. Ist die Temperierstation 4 geschlossen, erfolgt eine Wärmeleitung von der Temperierplatte 6 aufgrund Anlagenkontakt von der Temperierplatte über eine Oberseite 17 in die Platine. Insbesondere werden auch die Körper 11 passiv erwärmt. Diese liegen an der Unterseite 14 der Platine 2 an. Es erfolgt folglich eine Wärmeleitung von der Temperierplatte 6 über die Platine auch in die Körper 11. In der Trägerplatte 9 können optional Kühlkanäle 18 angeordnet sein, so dass einer zu starken Erwärmung der Trägerplatte 9 während eines Dauerbetriebs der Temperierstation 4 entgegengewirkt wird. Die Temperierstation 4 wird in Pressenhubrichtung 20 geschlossen.In the area of the
Bei den zuvor und nachfolgend benannten Heizmitteln kann es sich um Widerstandsheizungen handeln, jedoch auch um Brennerheizungen, Heizkartuschen oder Mantelheizleiter. Wie bereits zuvor erwähnt, kann jedoch auch die jeweilige Temperierplatte 6, 23 als elektrischer Widerstand selbst ausgebildet sein und somit als Widerstandsheizplatte. Auch können die Heizmittel Induktoren sein, die mittels Induktion die Temperierplatte 6, 23 temperieren und die Temperierplatte 6, 23 wiederum die Wärme mittels Wärmeleitung an die zu erwärmende Platine 2 weitergibt.The heating means mentioned above and below may be resistance heaters, but also burner heaters, heating cartridges or jacket heaters. As mentioned earlier, however, can Also, the respective
Bei den Ausgestaltungsvarianten gemäß
Bei der Ausgestaltungsvariante gemäß
In den Bereichen, in denen eigentlich ein Freiraum 13 verbleiben würde, ist eine zusätzliche Isolierung 25 angeordnet.In the areas where a
Die Bereiche zweiter Art 16, an denen die Kühlplatten 26 zur Anlage kommen, werden gekühlt und erwärmen sich folglich weniger stark. Insbesondere kann durch Einstellung der Kühlleistung in den Kühlplatten 26 gezielt die Temperatur in den Bereichen zweiter Art 16 eingestellt werden. Eine Regelung der Temperierplatte 6 kann dadurch entfallen.The areas of the
- 1 -1 -
- WarmformlinieThermoforming line
- 2 -2 -
- Platinecircuit board
- 3 -3 -
- erwärmte Platineheated board
- 4 -4 -
- Temperierstationheating station
- 5 -5 -
- Warmumform- und PresshärtewerkzeugHot forming and press hardening tool
- 6 -6 -
- Temperierplattetempering
- 7 -7 -
- Oberwerkzeugupper tool
- 8 -8th -
- Unterwerkzeuglower tool
- 9 -9 -
- Trägerplattesupport plate
- 10 -10 -
- Isolierlageinsulating
- 11 -11 -
- Körperbody
- 12 -12 -
- Profilierungprofiling
- 13 -13 -
- Freiraumfree space
- 14 -14 -
- Unterseitebottom
- 15 -15 -
- Bereich erster ArtArea of the first kind
- 16 -16 -
- Bereich zweiter ArtArea of the second kind
- 17 -17 -
- Oberseitetop
- 18 -18 -
- Kühlkanalcooling channel
- 19 -19 -
- Bauteilcomponent
- 20 -20 -
- PressenhubrichtungPress stroke direction
- 21 -21 -
- Federfeather
- 22 -22 -
- DurchlaufofenContinuous furnace
- 23 -23 -
- Temperierplattetempering
- 24 -24 -
- Heizmittelheating
- 25 -25 -
- Isolierunginsulation
- 26 -26 -
- Kühlplattencooling plates
- 27 -27 -
- Maskenplattemask plate
- 28 -28 -
- Plattenstückplate Scrap
- H -H -
- Höheheight
- T1 -T 1 -
- Temperaturzonetemperature zone
- T2 -T 2 -
- Temperaturzonetemperature zone
- DL -DL -
- DurchlaufrichtungThroughput direction
Claims (13)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP18158369.1A EP3530760A1 (en) | 2018-02-23 | 2018-02-23 | Method for producing a thermoformed and hardened steel sheet component |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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EP18158369.1A EP3530760A1 (en) | 2018-02-23 | 2018-02-23 | Method for producing a thermoformed and hardened steel sheet component |
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EP3530760A1 true EP3530760A1 (en) | 2019-08-28 |
Family
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EP18158369.1A Withdrawn EP3530760A1 (en) | 2018-02-23 | 2018-02-23 | Method for producing a thermoformed and hardened steel sheet component |
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CN113324744A (en) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-31 | 核工业理化工程研究院 | Rotor external adjustable temperature adjusting plate |
WO2021175686A1 (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2021-09-10 | Schwartz Gmbh | Thermally treating a coated component |
DE102020127057A1 (en) | 2020-10-14 | 2022-04-14 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Process for the production of a steel plate and temperature control station |
CN115210388A (en) * | 2020-03-06 | 2022-10-18 | 施瓦兹有限责任公司 | Heat treated component |
DE102021131567B3 (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2023-01-19 | GEDIA Gebrüder Dingerkus GmbH | Shielding device for printed circuit boards |
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