EP3512650A1 - Procédé de fabrication additive avec enlèvement sélectif de matériau - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication additive avec enlèvement sélectif de matériau

Info

Publication number
EP3512650A1
EP3512650A1 EP17794680.3A EP17794680A EP3512650A1 EP 3512650 A1 EP3512650 A1 EP 3512650A1 EP 17794680 A EP17794680 A EP 17794680A EP 3512650 A1 EP3512650 A1 EP 3512650A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
base material
component
coating
additive
manufacturing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17794680.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ole Geisen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP3512650A1 publication Critical patent/EP3512650A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/50—Treatment of workpieces or articles during build-up, e.g. treatments applied to fused layers during build-up
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/70—Gas flow means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/188—Processes of additive manufacturing involving additional operations performed on the added layers, e.g. smoothing, grinding or thickness control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/35—Cleaning
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/70—Recycling
    • B22F10/73—Recycling of powder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
    • B22F12/67—Blades
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
    • B22F7/02—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers
    • B22F7/04—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal
    • B22F2007/042—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method
    • B22F2007/045—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite layers with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal characterised by the layer forming method accompanied by fusion or impregnation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for Additi ⁇ ven or layered production of a component and a device for the additive production of the component and ei ⁇ ne corresponding system.
  • the device may further consist of a cryogened ⁇ gen alloy or comprise.
  • the component is preferably provided for use in a flow machine, preferably in the hot gas path of a gas turbine.
  • the component preferably consists of a Ni ⁇ ckelbasis- or superalloy, in particular a nickel- or cobalt-based superalloy.
  • the alloy may be precipitation hardened or precipitation hardenable.
  • Generative or additive manufacturing methods include, for example, as a powder bed process selective laser ⁇ melting (SLM) or laser sintering (SLS), or electron beam melts (EBM). Laser deposition welding (LMD) is also one of the additive processes.
  • SLM powder bed process selective laser ⁇ melting
  • SLS laser sintering
  • EBM electron beam melts
  • LMD Laser deposition welding
  • Additive or generative manufacturing processes have proved to be particularly advantageous for complex or complicated or filigree designed components, for example labyrinth-like structures, cooling structures and / or lightweight structures Chain of Pro ⁇ zess Colouren advantageous because a manufacturing or Ferti ⁇ tion step of a component can be done directly on the basis of a corresponding CAD file.
  • the additive manufacturing is particularly advantageous for the development or production of prototypes, which For example, for cost reasons, they can not be produced or can not be produced efficiently by means of conventional subtractive or cutting methods or casting technology.
  • One problem frequently encountered in powder bed additive manufacturing is the difficulty of reliably removing a powdered base material from discrete areas, cavities, or cavities that have the component due to its predetermined geometry.
  • the coating or structure resulting ⁇ Nisses during the additive preparation may be useful, by way of quality control or monitoring of the coating or structure resulting ⁇ Nisses during the additive preparation, individual, in particular already coated with powder area on a manufacturing position surface in the installation space, in particular during the ad ⁇ ditiven structure completely or partially free from powder or base material.
  • a method for additive production with a powder-suction device is known, for example, from DE 10 2013 206 205 A1.
  • the known processes described do not allow powder already applied to a manufacturing surface during the additive construction of individual layers, especially between or during the solidification of individual layers, to free areas of the manufacturing surface of powder.
  • this can be particularly advantageous or even indispensable, if the component has a complex geometry, and hard-to-reach cavities for the functionality of the component must be freed from powder. Otherwise powdered base material may otherwise not be removed, ie after the finished construction of the component, possibly not at all, in particular if the cavities are completely closed. A subsequent heat treatment would then sintering this powder at least, bringing the functi ⁇ tionality of the corresponding cavity is substantially restricts or ⁇ would be destroyed. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide means which selectively removing, in particular from ⁇ suck, of base material during the additive manufacturing, ie during or between the additive built-up of individual layers of a component, allow.
  • One aspect of the present invention relates to a method for the additive, in particular a layer-wise manufacturing of a component, comprising selectively removing, in particular from ⁇ sucking, a base material for the component during the ad ⁇ ditiven building up of the component.
  • the base material can be selectively removed between the additive structure of individual component layers or during the additive construction of a single component layer or a corresponding coating.
  • Said additive assembly preferably further comprises the coating of a surface with a preparation Ba ⁇ sismaterial and then solidifying the entforementioned- NEN layer by irradiation or exposure to an energy beam, such as a laser or electron beam.
  • the base material is removed from a predetermined area of a manufacturing surface during a movement, preferably a horizontal movement, of an additive manufacturing coating apparatus.
  • the base material can preferably be removed on or in the production surface or in any other area already coated with base material in a construction space.
  • Said field of manufacturing surface preference ⁇ a (lateral) portion thereof, that is, for example, considered in view of the production surface.
  • Said production surface is expediently a surface formed by a base material layer in the
  • the production surface may further designate an area in the powder bed of the base material, as well as an area which is located, for example, laterally next to already solidified component layers. Accordingly, it is also possible to remove powder below the production surface, for example between exposure or solidification steps of individual layers.
  • the method described is particularly advantageous if, for example, as indicated above, the edge or a vertical side surface of the component is to be reworked - for example, by ablation or remelting with the laser. Such reworking is made possible by the method described in the first place.
  • the rough surface selectively with a laser of molten layers is created in the SLM process by pulling powder particles into the molten bath.
  • the manufacturing surface may alternatively represent a surface of a component substrate or a part of an already additively structured component which is covered with the base material.
  • the fact that the selective removal of the base ⁇ material from the predetermined area during the additive construction of the actual component and during movement of a coating device for the additive production takes place, can be particularly advantageous influence on the additive buildup process.
  • the Ba ⁇ sismaterial can be removed from previously established areas of the component layers again.
  • a coating result can be corrected and / or even weld spatters can be sucked out of the installation space in layers together with otherwise excess base material.
  • the process is a powder bed based additive manufacturing process.
  • the base material is a réellespul ⁇ ver for the component.
  • the selective removal is performed by suction.
  • the selective removal is performed during a coating process of the process.
  • DIE se design advantageously allows a particularly useful ⁇ even and above all, time efficient extraction of powder as this is done in one step with the powder application.
  • this embodiment relates to a particularly simple Way, for example, the powder removal implement hardware technology, since a corresponding suction head or nozzle (see below) can be attached to a coating device.
  • the selective removal is performed during a return movement, for example in the reverse direction, of the coating device for additive production. This embodiment also makes it possible to exploit the above-mentioned advantages.
  • the selective removal is performed after an exposure process of the method.
  • This embodiment may be expedient ⁇ SSIG for the above described mechanical rework of side surfaces of the component in particular.
  • a construction platform, on which the component is expediently built up additively is lowered during removal or suction.
  • the coating ⁇ device such as a blade, a vane or a brush, does not collide with a previously established device layer or a portion of the part and damage polluter gently.
  • side walls of the component or of an already solidified part thereof, which adjoin the predetermined region and have been exposed by pulverulent base material are mechanically reworked after the selective removal.
  • the method is a powder bed-based method, for example a method for selective laser melting
  • the base material is a pulverulent ges base material, wherein the selective removal is conducted by sucking ⁇ From the powder.
  • the method is a stereolithography chromatography method
  • the base material is a liquid base Mate ⁇ rial.
  • the base material can also be sucked off and / or pumped out.
  • the method comprises introducing at least one prefabricated component element after se ⁇ -selective removal of such in an additive build-up or in an area over the production surface, that the construction ⁇ part element defined a through suctioned powder and a verfes ⁇ preferential structure of the component Cavity immediately limited in or along a direction of construction.
  • the component element which is for example an (additively) prefabricated part of the component, preferably made of the same material as the future component, can limit a cavity for the component as a bridge. In this way can be more expensive to manufacture with advantage
  • a software or a data processing program automatically or semi-automatically calculates the amount of base material needed for a subsequent coating process from a volume of the previously removed base material (suction).
  • the method includes the lateral coating of the preparation surface to the base material by a coating apparatus, wherein - is adapted to the coating rate for an optimal or before ⁇ part exemplary coating result - depending on the to be coated, the volume of the swept from the coating device region the preparation surface.
  • a coating apparatus wherein - is adapted to the coating rate for an optimal or before ⁇ part exemplary coating result - depending on the to be coated, the volume of the swept from the coating device region the preparation surface.
  • the adaptation of the coating speed is also carried out by the software described above.
  • the coating speed for large (predetermined) layer thicknesses or large with Ba ⁇ sismaterial to be covered volumes or cavities is smaller ge ⁇ selects, as for - relative thereto - smaller layer thicknesses or smaller with the base material to be covered volumes.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus for the additive production of the component, which is designed, the base material according to the described Remove the process selectively from the predetermined area by suction.
  • the device has a suction head or a nozzle, which is coupled to the coating device for the additive production and is movable relative to the production surface.
  • the suction head is both laterally along the manufacturing surface and perpendicular to the
  • Manufacturing surface is movable so that powder can be removed un ⁇ below the manufacturing surface.
  • the device is designed in such a way that the suction head reaches each (lateral) point or area on the component board or the production surface, ie for example in the XY direction.
  • the suction head may preferably be in an area below the powder manufacturing ⁇ surface, ie lowered in the Z direction, there to remove Pul ⁇ ver.
  • a suction capacity of the device is sufficiently sized component elements to a Budapest ⁇ voted or critical thickness or a critical weight of the respective component element by means of a vacuum currency rend the additive production in a structure on the production surface or in the space to move.
  • a component element of a region for example, viewed in a plan view of a manufacturing surface in which no base material is held, in an area above the manufacturing surface moves (via a cavity) who ⁇ .
  • Positioning means for component elements act.
  • Said thickness may be for example a layer thickness to be applied egg ner layer of the base material or a multiple ⁇ multiple thereof.
  • the device is designed so that (previously) removed base material via a Schutzgasab ⁇ sucking device to remove from a manufacturing or installation space for additive manufacturing.
  • the device has a collecting container in which aspirated base material, for example ⁇ until a possible emptying at the end of the production of the component, can be maintained.
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a plant for additive production, comprising the coating device and the device as described above.
  • Embodiments, features and / or advantages relating vorlie ⁇ quietly for the method may further relate to the device or the system, or vice versa.
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic sectional or side view of a system comprising a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows, according to the representation of FIG. 1, an alternative view of the device according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 3 to 6 in a representation analogous to FIGS. 1 and 2 indicates method steps according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 each indicate embodiments of the method according to the invention in a representation similar to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic flow diagram of the method according ⁇ proper.
  • identical or similar elements in each case with the same padszei ⁇ surfaces may be provided.
  • the illustrated elements and their proportions with each other are basically not to be regarded as true to scale, but individual elements, for better representation and / or better understanding exaggerated be shown thick or large.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plant 100 for the additive production of a component 3.
  • the plant 100 comprises a device 10 for the additive production of the component 3.
  • the additive manufacturing method for the component 3 described herein on the basis of the system 100 and the device 10 is preferably a powder bed-based production method, preferably selective laser melting, alternatively to electron beam melting or selective laser sintering.
  • a powder bed with a powdery base material 1 for the component 3 (see FIG. 3) is shown.
  • the base material 1 forms a powder bed having a manufacturing surface HOB.
  • the device 10 is shown above the production surface HOB.
  • the pre ⁇ device 10 is a device for selectively removing, in particular suction of powder of areas of the surface producing HOB to simplify an additive manufacturing process for the device 3 or to improve.
  • the component 3 is preferably a high-temperature-resistant component, preferably for use in the hot gas path of a gas turbine. Accordingly, the component 3 is preferably made of a nickel base or superalloy. Accordingly, the base material is preferably a powder of a corresponding alloy.
  • the device 10 comprises a suction head 12.
  • the suction head 12 preferably has a relatively small diameter for sucking the base material or powder in order to provide a suitable suction power (for powder removal) for a suitable spatial resolution.
  • the suction head 12 is also preferably movable relative to the manufacturing surface HOB, ie in the X, Y and Z directions (compare the coordinate systems in the bottom left of the powder bed).
  • the Z-direction preferably describes a construction direction for the component (see FIG. 3).
  • the device 10 further comprises a collecting container 11, in which the removed or sucked powder can be collected and held in ⁇ example, during movement of the device 10.
  • the device 10 preferably further comprises a coating tool or a coating device 20.
  • the device 10 may be coupled to the coating device 20 or provided integrally therewith.
  • the coating device 20 may comprise or constitute, for example, a slider, a squeegee, a blade and / or a brush.
  • the device 10 could be coupled to the coating device 20 in such a way that the device 10 is nevertheless movable relative to the coating device, for example in the X and / or Y direction. Accordingly, the device 10 could - similar to a trolley - be moved over a rail, for example in the X and / or Y direction.
  • FIG. 1 further shows an irradiation device, preferably a device for exposing the powder bed a laser or electron beam according to a predetermined geometry for the component 3.
  • This geometry is preferential ⁇ cases already before the manufacturing process in the form of
  • the vertical dashed line in Figure 1 is single ⁇ Lich schematically indicated that the powder bed at the edge may include egg NEN overflow, in which, from the coating device 20 moving the excess powder can be discharged.
  • FIG. 1 preferably shows a sectional view cut along the XZ plane (compare coordinate system bottom left).
  • FIG. 2 shows an alternative view of the device 10.
  • the device from FIG. 2 shows a connection coupled to a protective gas suction device 30, via which the powder 1 is removed, for example, from a production or installation space (not further identified) can. This is preferably done during a BEWE ⁇ supply of the coating apparatus 20.
  • the connection referred to can be a win ⁇ kel, in particular have any convenient shape before ⁇ geous, a fluidic communication between the suction head 12 and the To produce suction device 30.
  • the collecting container 11 shown in FIG. 1 may be dispensable.
  • Figure 2 shows a sectional or side view along the YZ plane cut (see coordinate system bottom left).
  • Figure 3 shows a situation of the system 100, in which already a component 3 partially additive, that is layer by layer by coating the manufacturing surface HOB and irradiating the corresponding powder layer z. B. by a laser beam.
  • the component 3 WUR ⁇ de, as usual in the additive manufacturing, mounted on a lowerable build platform. 6
  • FIG. 4 shows a step of the method according to the invention, which subsequent to the Darge in Figure 3 ⁇ presented situation, but preferably after a complete cavity (see Figure 4), a component element 5 was freed 8 or sucked region AB of the base material 1 before ⁇ preferably from a location behind the described overflow in an area above the component 3 and preferably of said cavity 8 is moved.
  • the construction element ⁇ part along a rearward direction RR, which is opposite to the coating direction BR is moved.
  • the building platform 6 can continue to be lowered. In this way, affect the forward direction 20, for example, which the blade, not the last hergestell ⁇ te device layer.
  • the suction head 12 or a entspre ⁇ sponding nozzle of the same along the Z-direction to be flexible and accordingly powder 1 and below the manufacturing ⁇ surface HOB suction.
  • the component element 5 may consist of the same or a similar material as the rest of the component 3.
  • the construction ⁇ part element 5 may for example be prefabricated proceedings by the same procedural.
  • FIG 5 a situation is shown in which the Bauteilele ⁇ ment 5 has been moved from the apparatus 10 by an applied by the suction head 12 under pressure to the component 3 on the component 3, such that the cavity 8 is covered completeness, ⁇ dig ,
  • a thickness of the component element 5 should not be too thick to keep the weight of the component element within reasonable limits and it reliably still suck and move through the suction head 12 can.
  • the thickness D of the component element 5 may correspond, for example, to a multiple of a component layer thickness or a corresponding thickness of a layer of the base material.
  • Cosmeticli ⁇ che base material layer thicknesses range from 20 to 50 .mu.m.
  • the thickness D can carry, for example, be a few millimeters ⁇ .
  • the cavity 8 which is also defined in addition to the component element 5 of the hitherto constructed structure of the component 3, completely closed (ver ⁇ same figure 6).
  • a formed by the component element 5 manufacturing ⁇ surface is now preferably with new base material coated whereby the structure of the building ⁇ part (a coating-with a new base material is shown in Figures 3 to 6 are not explicitly labeled), with Increased levels of stability can be imparted to increasingly built-up layers, and so a bridge over the cavity 8 also does not run the risk of breaking.
  • FIG. 7 shows a situation in which a production surface, in particular regions at last solidified points of the component 3, have been freed from base material 1 by the device (not explicitly indicated in FIG. 7) as described above. These areas are marked AB (extracted area). It may be particularly expedient to free edge regions of the component 3 during the additive production of powder in order to machine the edge regions mechanically or with the laser, without the applied powder influencing the process.
  • FIG. 8 schematically indicates that in the context of the present invention, for example, depending on the flow behavior of the powder in certain regions of the production surface, the coating speed can be changed in contrast to other VI ranges in order to ensure a cleaner or more reliable filling, application or coating ,
  • the described method can include the late-rale coating the fabrication surface HOB with Basisma ⁇ TERIAL 1 by the coating apparatus 20, wherein - depending on the to be covered volume of the swept from the coating device, the lateral area of the fabrication surface HOB - (coating speed cf. VI, V2) for an optimal coating result.
  • the coating ⁇ speed V2 can be chosen smaller than for the behaves ⁇ nis for large layer thicknesses or large with base material 1 to be covered volumes to smaller layer thicknesses or smaller to be covered with the base material 1 by volume, to obtain a better coating result ,
  • the coating speed can also be adapted or reduced automatically or semi-automatically by means of software (cf. method steps B in FIG. 9).
  • the amount of powder is placed in a coating step provided the customization of automatically.
  • the flowchart comprises a method step a), which designates a coating step, for example the production surface HOB described above.
  • a coating step for example the production surface HOB described above.
  • the step may be a conventional or prior art technique for coating a component surface.
  • Process step b) describes a -Light ⁇ , Bestrah ⁇ lung-, or exposure to an energy beam such as a laser beam to the component according to its preparatory agreed to add geometry accordingly (see above).
  • a data processing device of the system 100 and / or of the device 10 can, for example via a corresponding program or software, determine the quantity of base material 1 required for a subsequent coating process, starting from the volume of the previously removed base material, 1 automatically calculate.
  • the aspirated volume thereby increasing the amount of powder placed in the following step will be wearing ⁇ must, unless the volume was in an intermediate step through the loading of a component element - complete - as described above.
  • This aspect can be automatically adjusted by the software described, for example by a "travel path" along which a piston of a powder feed is moved upwards along the Z direction, for example, is increased each time by a corresponding parameter in the software Application mechanisms , the applied powder amount can be adjusted accordingly ⁇ .
  • Process step c) preferably refers to the selekti ⁇ ve removing the base material from predetermined areas of the preparation surface, in particular for freeing of Be ⁇ range of the component, which should not contain any powder as described above, by suction.
  • steps dl) d2) and d3) are cumulatively or alternatively shown in FIG.
  • Step dl) indicates a further exposure step (laser scanning) for solidifying the base material (see step b) above).
  • Step d2) indicates a possible mechanical reworking of powder-exposed side surfaces of the component in order to improve, as described above, corresponding surface properties.
  • Step d3) designates the introduction of a component element, as described above, in particular for covering a cavity, so that it is advantageously possible to dispense with the construction of complex support structures in this area.
  • the method steps shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9 can preferably be performed iteratively in the context of an additive manufacturing method.
  • the invention is not limited by the description based on the embodiments of these, but includes each new feature and any combination of features. This includes in particular any combination of features in the patent claims, even if this feature or combination itself is not explicitly stated in the patent claims or exemplary embodiments.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication additive d'une pièce (3), comprenant l'enlèvement sélectif, en particulier l'aspiration, d'un matériau de base (1) pour la pièce (3) pendant la fabrication additive, le matériau de base (1) étant enlevé d'une zone prédéterminée d'une surface de fabrication (HOB) pendant un déplacement d'un dispositif de revêtement (20) pour la fabrication additive.
EP17794680.3A 2016-11-16 2017-10-18 Procédé de fabrication additive avec enlèvement sélectif de matériau Withdrawn EP3512650A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016222564.2A DE102016222564A1 (de) 2016-11-16 2016-11-16 Verfahren zur additiven Herstellung mit selektivem Entfernen von Basismaterial
PCT/EP2017/076539 WO2018091217A1 (fr) 2016-11-16 2017-10-18 Procédé de fabrication additive avec enlèvement sélectif de matériau

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EP3512650A1 true EP3512650A1 (fr) 2019-07-24

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US (1) US20200055122A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3512650A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109996626A (fr)
DE (1) DE102016222564A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018091217A1 (fr)

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EP3741479A1 (fr) * 2019-05-22 2020-11-25 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé et dispositif de fabrication additive de composants
JP7383406B2 (ja) * 2019-06-11 2023-11-20 ニデックマシンツール株式会社 三次元積層方法および三次元形状物
NL2026034B1 (en) * 2020-07-09 2022-03-15 Additive Ind Bv Apparatus and method for producing an object by means of additive manufacturing
CN116021042A (zh) * 2023-02-24 2023-04-28 湖南华曙高科技股份有限公司 一种用于增材制造的非接触铺粉方法、非接触铺粉装置及增材制造设备

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JP3557926B2 (ja) * 1998-12-22 2004-08-25 松下電工株式会社 三次元形状造形物の製造方法および金型
JP3446733B2 (ja) * 2000-10-05 2003-09-16 松下電工株式会社 三次元形状造形物の製造方法及びその装置
KR100925363B1 (ko) * 2007-05-30 2009-11-09 파나소닉 전공 주식회사 적층 조형 장치
DE102009028105A1 (de) * 2009-07-30 2011-02-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Generatives Verfahren zur Serienfertigung von metallischen Bauteilen
WO2013159811A1 (fr) 2012-04-24 2013-10-31 Arcam Ab Procédé de protection de sécurité et appareil pour dispositif de fabrication d'additif
DE102012107297A1 (de) * 2012-08-08 2014-06-18 Ralph Stelzer Arbeitsverfahren und Vorrichtung zum Auftragen, Aushärten und Oberflächenbearbeitung von pulverförmigen Werkstoffen auf Bauflächen
CN103341625B (zh) * 2013-07-10 2015-05-13 湖南航天工业总公司 一种金属零件的3d打印制造装置及方法
JP5599921B1 (ja) * 2013-07-10 2014-10-01 パナソニック株式会社 三次元形状造形物の製造方法
JP6316991B2 (ja) * 2014-06-20 2018-04-25 ヴェロ・スリー・ディー・インコーポレイテッド ３次元物体を生成するための方法
DE102015213165A1 (de) * 2015-07-14 2017-01-19 Matthias Fockele Herstellungsvorrichtung für Formkörper umfassend eine Pulverrückgewinnungseinrichtung mit einem Fliehkraftabscheider
CN205272601U (zh) * 2015-12-02 2016-06-01 吉林大学 多材料铺粉及成型的3d打印装置
GB2548340A (en) * 2016-03-09 2017-09-20 Digital Metal Ab Manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus

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DE102016222564A1 (de) 2018-05-17
CN109996626A (zh) 2019-07-09
US20200055122A1 (en) 2020-02-20
WO2018091217A1 (fr) 2018-05-24

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