EP3512376A1 - Applikator - Google Patents
ApplikatorInfo
- Publication number
- EP3512376A1 EP3512376A1 EP17791922.2A EP17791922A EP3512376A1 EP 3512376 A1 EP3512376 A1 EP 3512376A1 EP 17791922 A EP17791922 A EP 17791922A EP 3512376 A1 EP3512376 A1 EP 3512376A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- brush
- applicator according
- applicator
- plants
- contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001953 sensory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 206010014405 Electrocution Diseases 0.000 abstract description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 83
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 36
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 31
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 208000035874 Excoriation Diseases 0.000 description 10
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 8
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000012015 potatoes Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000016068 Berberis vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 241000335053 Beta vulgaris Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 241000132536 Cirsium Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000005562 Glyphosate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000209504 Poaceae Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyphosate Chemical compound OC(=O)CNCP(O)(O)=O XDDAORKBJWWYJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940097068 glyphosate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000002363 herbicidal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002147 killing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000009329 organic farming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000007853 Sarothamnus scoparius Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035613 defoliation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010291 electrical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 however Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003307 slaughter Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000563 toxic property Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B15/00—Other brushes; Brushes with additional arrangements
- A46B15/0002—Arrangements for enhancing monitoring or controlling the brushing process
- A46B15/0016—Arrangements for enhancing monitoring or controlling the brushing process with enhancing means
- A46B15/002—Arrangements for enhancing monitoring or controlling the brushing process with enhancing means with a means for removing or creating static electricity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
- A01M21/04—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity
- A01M21/046—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity by electricity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B13/00—Brushes with driven brush bodies or carriers
- A46B13/001—Cylindrical or annular brush bodies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B13/00—Brushes with driven brush bodies or carriers
- A46B13/02—Brushes with driven brush bodies or carriers power-driven carriers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A46—BRUSHWARE
- A46B—BRUSHES
- A46B2200/00—Brushes characterized by their functions, uses or applications
- A46B2200/40—Other application
Definitions
- the invention relates to the technical field of mechanical-electrical devices for the targeted and energetically advantageous transfer of electrical energy to plants and solid substrates to improve the effect on plants and other Organsimen and inventively use novel equipment combinations and materials. More particularly, it relates to the combination of controlled and in various ways by actuators movable applicators, which selectively detect the contact surfaces and prepare in an integral step, the maximum contact of the target object with the current and implement.
- the current used can be either uniform or pulsed DC and AC with any curve of current and voltage used in the high voltage range of 0.5 kV at frequencies of 500 Hz and more up to the three-digit KHz.
- Brushing methods can be used only with very small weeds, sufficiently dry and loose crumb structure of the soil and require frequent repetition and have a high weather dependence.
- Any soil-working method (hoeing, harrowing, plowing) will transport new seeds to the surface and encourage the re-growth of weeds while increasing soil erosion risk, which can also destabilize soil structures.
- the soil structure is generally significantly damaged by soil displacement, but this is essential for the destruction of near-surface roots.
- Applicators are known from the literature and practice, which relate their geometrical selectivity of mechanical spacers and strip-like arrangements.
- the applicators resting on the floor are known devices with very different individual widths, which are pressed by gravity or spring pressure on the target objects or the ground and accordingly adapt to the thickness of the biomass layer or the soil profile. This can spring steel loops, sheet elements or z. B. pulled over the ground chains or plates.
- Most of the applicators have in common that they slide at least one-dimensionally over objects and thereby can adapt only very slightly different profile structures of different sizes and thus make the use of equipment flexible.
- the target objects are not actively prepared for the reduction of contact resistance and the intensity and location of the contact can only be changed by mostly complex mechanical changes to the device and not actively controlled.
- the first element A) preferably contains a device for treating surfaces with undesired organisms (preferably but not exclusively plants, but also unwanted other organisms (eg snails or nematodes)) with electrical energy consisting of transversely controlled and controlled by actuators / or rotary movements displaceable applicators for high-voltage, pulsed or continuous direct or alternating current with different selected frequency and wave packets, sensory or mechanical control elements, linear power transmission elements, with mechanical translational and / or abrasive properties, the wholly or partially electrically controllable applicator elements rigid or flexible, preferably approximately linear control, sensor and mobility components not discussed here in detail, wherein at least one of the applicators also sequentially links to a direct mechanical component (B) ft or can be fully integrated but does not have to.
- undesired organisms preferably but not exclusively plants, but also unwanted other organisms (eg snails or nematodes)
- electrical energy consisting of transversely controlled and controlled by actuators / or rotary movements displaceable app
- the second element B) preferably consists of at least one translational actuator mechanically controlled or sensor-controlled height adjustment and optionally side alignment of the applicator above the ground, consisting of: pneumatic cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, electric actuator with axis and / or mechanical actuator ( Feather)
- the third element C) preferably has at least one controllable rotary / rotary actuator (the earth may also be a brush applicator) which rotates the respective applicator about a fixed or adjustable horizontal, vertical or oblique axis off: electric motor, hydraulic motor or other rotary drives; Alternatively, an approximately planar brush arrangement, which can optionally be offset by lateral movement in several linear axes in circular or elliptical movements.
- the earth may also be a brush applicator
- the fourth element D) preferably serves to transmit to the target objects preferably with linear transmission units of the stream (bristles) and the abrasive effects (see FIG.
- the elements that transmit the current can: preferably but not exclusively be mounted radially or obliquely on the rotating applicator and be one of the basic brush shapes shown in Figure 2,
- material or additive which can be achieved as follows: metal wires, narrow metal strips (preferably steel), metal braids, nylon or other polymers filled with carbon and / or metal fibers, polymers with metallic additives especially CuS as single rods or as braided or otherwise connected units, braided or otherwise consolidated mixed filaments of plastic and metal threads,
- material-related special abrasive properties have: fraying ends or laterally interrupted individual fibers of Metallflechtseilen, edges of wires and narrow metal strips, polymer fiber laterally protruding metal fillings, Mischfilthough with laterally protruding metal components (see Figure 1) due to application, the abrasive properties to some extent at certain points and the durably preserved during use, which would be there: greater abrasion of plastics repeatedly exposes metal fibers / threads on the surface, bending-resistant metal fibers of adequate thinness against breaking, braided plastic ropes or single fibers can have a sufficient number of revolutions and alignment sufficiently abrasive,
- the fifth element E) preferably has one or more transmission modules of the electrical energy on the brush body or individual bristle packets, consisting of
- FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which only the brush segments lying below are under current, while the upper ones are always switched off, preferably before the contact with the plants breaks off.
- the sixth element F) consists of one or more application units for water for self-cleaning of the systems in regular intervals without electricity at maximum free rotation or even for cleaning surfaces and objects after switching off the elec- trkutionsströme.
- the seventh element G) consists of one or more controls and sensors: control unit of all actuators and the power supply for parameterizing the mode of operation for the corresponding field of application, for adjusting the abrasion strength, contact time, contact surface size and / or surface protection (parameter / Influence on):
- the brush size serves as an aid for the parameterization of contact duration, penetration depths and achievable stiffnesses by number of revolutions, travel speed, height above ground, immersion depth etc.
- All applicators can receive information relating to the electrical and physical parameterization spatially assigned in their electrical effect parameters and their geometric arrangement relative to the ground or to the plants via the control unit influencing information from traveling sensors, read-out operating parameters (current flow etc.) or from other data sources and implement.
- the eighth item H concerns the options for various mounting locations: front, side, under, behind the transfer vehicle.
- Open space treatment (gravel, pavement, asphalt): The bristles can be sufficiently soft and the hardness and clearing force can be adjusted dynamically by the speed of rotation, so that the ground surface is not damaged.
- Treatment roadside markings The posts on the roadside are made of plastic and are only around with complex accessory at the bottom around plants to free. In order for the lessening compared to the normal mowing is sufficient, it makes sense not only to shorten the grass in front of and behind the post but kill it. If two counter-rotating brushes (roller brushes or disc brushes) with sufficiently soft nylon bristles are used as the longest bristles, the post can be gently cleaned with little added water, and if the brush descends almost to the ground contact, either soft conductive bristles can directly energize the plants or shorter metal bristles now come in contact with the plants and make contact, thereby removing the plants for the long term for the benefit of traffic safety and at the same time cleaning the posts (see Figure 5).
- Guard rail posts Even with electrically conductive metal posts, the brushes can be worked completely analogously from the side after the brush spacing has been adjusted, since here too the shorter metal bristles do not touch the piles (if necessary, additional scrapers are useful as positioning aids) only the longer plastic bristles with the direction of rotation turning away from below transport the plants to the metal bristles. Should it come to touch this is uncritical, since the guardrails are extremely well grounded by the direct ramming of the posts in the ground and can not build potentials.
- No-till surface preparation No-till areas may be extremely heterogeneous and uneven, depending on the crop. Thus, in grassland mulch with irregular accumulation, especially snails can hide. In stubble fields, the small weeds and sprouted grains between the stubble are hard to contact except with brush systems. Rest straw can cover entire areas.
- a brush system with a large brush and relatively soft, up to the tip conductive bristles and all-round conduction and Abrasionspotential here can prevent growth of any size with sufficient grounding on a second broom roller that, without shifting soil relevant to the surface. Due to the double roller contact time, it is possible to drive sufficiently fast for the directly following sowing. If deeper weeds are to be controlled, the brush spacing can be increased in the first step or the blades of the no-till machine behind the tractor can be used as soil.
- the drawing in FIG. 6 shows the expected energy profile and an arrangement.
- Inter-row treatment In the inter-row treatment, the brush segments of the main axis are moved further apart or individual autonomous brush applicators are used for each area. In all cases, the crops are protected by non-electrically conductive side scrapers or hoods over the applicators.
- Modular brush replacement When the brush circuits are mounted on a modular central axis, the builder can easily replace either the individual brush sections or this axle unit itself. Accordingly, he can assemble an axis of often very long bristle brush elements, the bristles are in any case larger than the maximum plant height and also have the corresponding row spacing. At the edge of the elements can be inserted for better protection of crops rigid (gravity) or co-rotating isolator circuits, which can serve as a static spacer from the ground (slightly below bristle length) (see Figure 7).
- disc brushes can be used as movable single applicators, which can be moved on the central attachment with quick-release clamps and whose brush head is easily replaceable.
- Worm control Double brushes for flat root / snails: The primary snail control in the topsoil is done with the same brushes as No-till surface treatment, with peak conductivity and minimized encrustation in the foreground. Therefore, relatively smooth plastic bristles with sufficient conductivity are preferred, which are lowered from large brush wheels to ground contact. Low rotation speeds reduce the breakdown of soil structure. Where necessary, the bristles can be optionally cleaned by water impact and occasional lifting and high rotational speeds (turning at the field end).
- Sikkation potatoes Large rolls with abrasion properties filled with long bristles are dipped into the green leaf mass at high speed in a double row until they are turned about 10 cm above the dam crown so fast that most of the leaves are torn off. It may be useful to adjust the roller brushes to different heights and speeds.
- the underground storage organs (potatoes) are spared, the aboveground organs weakened so much that they dry with high evaporation and lead to a good shell strength. The degree of defoliation and energy required for this can be parameterized depending on grade and maturity.
- Sikkation rapeseed / cereals When siccation of culinary crops on the one hand special care must be taken, so that the seeds are not damaged or lost. At the same time, the electrodes must penetrate the stock at least to the uppermost sheet layer. For this purpose, a rather loosely populated roller (brush ring distance 2-20 cm) with long relatively stiff brushes (50-150 cm) slowly in the direction of travel, so that the bristles penetrate deeply and make contact, but not destroy the fruits. The bending by gravity minimizes the friction with the fruits and their premature rupture (see Figure 8).
- the bristles are stiffer in systems with high penetration depth in the near-axis region than in the tip region, which reduces the friction even further.
- the conductive electrodes dive quite vertically due to gravity and are also quite vertically pulled out of the plant tangle (usually rapeseed).
- the brush tips rotate approximately and adjustably at the same speed as the entire vehicle moves forward. By adjusting the rotational speed and immersion depth, the friction and thus the current transfer can be optimized.
- This stiffening can be specific to each fiber (reinforced base or larger diameter) as well as being implemented by an additional holding system (sheath-tube-like). This can be a good substitute for more elaborate and bulkier reel systems (see below).
- the flexible brushes allow a space-saving folding of the overall construction, as one is also used to spray rods with a large working width.
- the contact can be made even more gently when working instead of a brush with a reel (see separate section).
- Control of herbaceous weeds brushes smash small leaves and shoots and thus create a very large contact surface for electrical treatment.
- Un-grass / rushes The brush roller rotates above the Nutzgrasebene against the direction of travel, thus brushing higher grasses or rushes (the higher the longer) with high distribution between the applicator bristles.
- the roughness of the bristle surface injures the blade and leaf surfaces and lowers the contact resistance of selective plant destruction (see Figure 9).
- Thistle control and other prickly / bristly plants in meadows and fields Due to the spines on leaves and branches thistles are particularly difficult to contact effectively.
- the brushes over the crop cover the higher thistles and provide direct, low-resistance contact until the root networks are sufficiently damaged.
- Rape plants are generally branched and tend to entangle on the field.
- a basic element of the device according to the invention for the electrocution of sensitive field crops for the purpose of electrocution is a reel with large working width and the following characteristics:
- the working width is between 4 and 40 m.
- the reel diameter is at least 50 cm, preferably 1-2 m. In some cases, it may be useful to use several reels directly behind each other (possibly also as 2 poles).
- Electric power for electro-kution is between 3 and 120 kW, when high voltage is applied between 1 KV and 30 kV and when using pulsed direct current or high-frequency alternating current (1000- 30000 Hz).
- the reel is operated electrically in one or more circuits.
- Soil is either soil in the lanes or, alternatively, the reel may be in parts as a phase and in parts as a soil if flow through and destruction of the root area is not appropriate for individual crops and crop densities.
- the reel is made of lightweight materials (steel, composites, aluminum, fiber reinforced plastics, carbon fiber components).
- the rotary reel elements have at least 4 corner units, up to 12 corners can be reached
- the reel contains either a central axis as a static pressure element or at least some pressure and tension elements in the outer area.
- the reel is completely or at least in the outer elements cantilevered.
- the corners are connected to electrically conductive, static-tensioned static elements or wires (see Figures 10 and 11).
- the reel consists either of individual modules which can be connected with quick-release fasteners, which are disassembled piece by piece for transport (each part can be handled by one person), or they can be pushed together for transport and rotated on the trailer to such an extent that they do not overlap can participate in road traffic.
- the entire system is either attached directly to the tractor or installed on a separate trailer. When installing on a separate trailer, possibly with an extendable axle, it is possible to transport the unit underlaid.
- the reel is driven by an electric motor or multiple motors in the central area and rotates at the outer edge at about the speed of movement of the towing vehicle with the upper side in the direction of travel. 14. It is the whole reel or at least the drooping electrodes under power, and depending on the design part of the electrodes can also be used as earth.
- Figure 12 shows that of the wires at a distance of 5 - 50 cm depending on the culture of different stiff and shaped contact electrodes hang - in any case, but conductive units down, which are suitable sufficiently deep penetrate into the biomass.
- nozzles for water distribution are available to improve contact.
- the invention all electrocution processes of plants using reel systems are to be protected. [057]
- the invention also relates to static applicators. [058] According to the state of the art, the metal contacts serve to transmit current to the plant parts which come into contact with the metal parts.
- the invention proposes circular and teardrop-shaped applicators in various orientations, depending on the field of application (cf., FIG. 16). They represent an inventive and significant improvement because:
- the bias leads by the curvature to a good contact pressure without further spring elements.
- the individual elements can be made narrow because of their simplicity (no further spring elements) and accordingly adapt to the background contour
- the individual applicator elements can be mounted in total storage.
- the bearing can increase or decrease the contact pressure, which may be advantageous in particular for gentle siccation applications (see FIG. 17, in which the bearing point is indicated as a rectangle).
- the individual applicator elements may be partially or completely closed in order to prevent entanglement and tearing of plant parts (siccation of culinary fruits such as rapeseed and cereals).
- the closing elements which fill the circular area shown in FIG. 17 or the oval area, can be designed to be conductive to increase the contact time with narrow passing plants (rushes, stiff grasses).
- metals but also electrically conductive composite materials (sandwich) or z.
- B light conductive plastics eg carbon fiber-containing plastics are used.
- the side edges of the applicator elements can by rounding the emergence of
- Example a carbon fiber composite material or filled resins, which may still be somewhat conductive and abrasionsfest, but not contribute to the formation of sparks (see Figure 19) .
- the points 1 to 4 for the design of the applicators are essential to the invention without the features described above .
- Earth Applicators Since the exposure of the soil with strong electric fields to the destruction of subterranean plant parts (especially storage roots, rhizomes, tubers, etc.) may be particularly important, an introduction of the current through the rung is not possible or useful in all cases , In such cases, it may be useful to initiate the stream preferably vertically or horizontally targeted with a predefined depth profile in the ground and not only use near-surface ground electrodes to ground the current introduced by plants current flow.
- Glyphosate introduction in strains / interfaces The roots can also be damaged by sawing off the above-ground plane parts and coating the interfaces with glyphosate or other chemical herbicides or injecting pesticides into the stem.
- this requires a lot of manual labor and the use and handling of chemical herbicides.
- the procedure often has to be repeated for years. The procedure is on bushes and plants with thin sprouts (grasses) hardly to not applicable.
- Subsoiling of soils Deep loosening plows, which are equipped with a series of narrow deep cutting shares, are known. By using rotary blades in front of each blade and compressors behind it, the change in the soil surface can be minimized.
- the earth applicators according to the invention described below have the goal to initiate electric current on a well-defined sufficiently large and self-cleaning surface (minimizing the contact resistance) in a predetermined geometry in the soil, so as to damage the respective plant parts to be destroyed maximum.
- the soil structure should, as far as possible, be influenced as little as possible for environmental reasons and for damage minimization for crops that may be present on the surface or in certain areas.
- the resistance of the overall device in the ground is minimized.
- the formation of such Erdapplikatoren is also essential to the invention independently of the aforementioned features, for example, brush applicators.
- Vertical wide or narrow vertical cutting blades penetrate at a distance of at least 40 cm between 30 and 140 cm deep into the ground.
- the width of the cutting shares is between 5 and 60 cm. They may be curved or bevelled in the direction of travel for structural reasons and for better root penetration and better soil infeed.
- a rotary cutting blade travels to the floor opening with little ground movement, behind it a solidified person. Every second cutting share is completely insulated and subjected to high voltage.
- the rotary cutting blades and also the packers are each insulated to avoid faulty currents (see Figure 20).
- the flow flows horizontally in the soil and preferably destroys horizontal root components, since they conduct better than the surrounding soil (see Figure 21).
- the general invention which is also essential to the invention independently of the previously described embodiments, lies in the insulation of cutting bodies at certain height ranges in order to use them as applicators for the electrocution.
- the cutting shares are generally made of conductive steel, as they must be very stable in order to absorb the forces of the deep share.
- the surface of the blades is generally made of metal, so that it can withstand the high abrasion requirements and impacts from stones, etc.
- the outer layer of the crowd is not relevant in itself vertically conductive. It should be noted here the high mechanical load on the cutting share, which makes the use of metal necessary.
- an insulating hard layer preferably of a viscoelastic resin, is applied to the basic structure of the cutting share. Metal strips approximately 1-5 cm wide are then applied to this insulating surface as the current-conducting region and are connected in an insulating manner to the share (dowels) , Pouring, insertion in pass grooves, etc.).
- This metal layer may consist of thick sheet metal or otherwise deformed fittings.
- the intermediate areas are then poured out with resin and renewed regularly if necessary. A special design protects the intermediate areas from abrasion and excessive bridging by highly compressed soil.
- the cutting shares can be isolated in the uppermost 50-500 mm by means of a separate metal sheath in order in each case to allow an internal equipotential bonding (compare FIG. [075] If an initiation is provided only at a greater depth, the entire vertical part of the share is isolated (compare FIG.
- the device consists of:
- At least one steel cord which may also be lowered to achieve length variability by the crowd or at the rear end of the cutting share
- the steel cable can be self-cleaning due to its smooth outer skin. This minimizes surface resistance.
- the steel cord can be provided purely cylindrical, with alternating thicknesses or individual bulges for maximizing contact with the ground (compare FIG. 24).
- the combination of the earth applicators with one another and with all other imaginable types of applicator is in particular the further mentioned brushes or static applicators.
- the length of the insulation is variable depending on the surface to be protected (cf Figure 27).
- Vertically isolated against disc-cutting applicator or packer use against plants that form mainly vertical networks and in particular perpendicular storage organs (taproots, beets, etc.) or rhizomes.
- the cutting shares are subjected to high voltage at the bottom and act against an earth on or on the surface, which can be designed as a slice or packer depending on the surface condition.
- the grounding takes place accordingly shortly below, directly on the earth's surface or by compressed plants (cf. FIG. 28).
- Wire rope applicator alternating deep Use against plants which have horizontally branched networks, in particular at considerable depth, and in particular form horizontal storage organs or rhizomes.
- the cutting shares and wire ropes are alternately earthed at the bottom and subjected to high voltage. The very broad distribution of long duration of action takes place in the depth with minimal impairment of shallow roots (see Figure 30).
- Wire rope applicator deep against packer or round cutter Use against plants, which form mainly vertical networks and in particular vertical storage organs (tap roots, beet, etc.) or rhizomes. The cutting blades are subjected to high voltage at the bottom and act against a ground at or near the surface (see Figure 31).
- Wire rope applicator flat against plants / surfaces Applicator eg brush
- the cutting shares and wire ropes are uniformly grounded at the bottom and insulated at the side as well as the round cutting shares and packers.
- the surface or blade applicator which covers the surface completely, possibly even in a double row, is subjected to high voltage. The very broad distribution of long exposure takes place exclusively near the surface with minimal impairment of deep roots (see Figure 32).
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016011291 | 2016-09-16 | ||
PCT/DE2017/000298 WO2018050142A1 (de) | 2016-09-16 | 2017-09-14 | Applikator |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3512376A1 true EP3512376A1 (de) | 2019-07-24 |
Family
ID=60201270
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17791922.2A Withdrawn EP3512376A1 (de) | 2016-09-16 | 2017-09-14 | Applikator |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20190261769A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3512376A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE112017004654A5 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2018050142A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102017001827A1 (de) | 2016-09-16 | 2018-03-22 | Zasso Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Zerstörung von Pflanzen |
EP3569767A1 (de) * | 2018-05-14 | 2019-11-20 | Bayer AG | Eisenbahn-unkrautbekämpfungsfahrzeug |
EP3823445B1 (de) * | 2018-07-19 | 2024-06-12 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Bekämpfung von unerwünschten pflanzen mit hilfe elektrischer energie |
EP3646726A1 (de) | 2018-11-02 | 2020-05-06 | Bayer AG | Bekämpfung von pflanzen mittels elektrischer energie |
EP3659436A1 (de) | 2018-11-30 | 2020-06-03 | Bayer AG | Bekämpfung von pflanzen mittels elektrischer energie |
EP3897126A1 (de) | 2018-12-19 | 2021-10-27 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Bekämpfung von pflanzen |
AR116209A1 (es) | 2019-06-18 | 2021-04-14 | Agritech S A | Una disposición de electrodos para eliminar malezas por electrocución por contacto |
DE102020115923B4 (de) * | 2019-12-23 | 2022-10-13 | crop.zone GmbH | Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen von übergangswiderstandreduzierenden Medien und Applizieren von Strom auf Pflanzen |
DE102021114692B4 (de) | 2020-09-08 | 2024-06-06 | crop.zone GmbH | Verfahren zur Behandlung von Pflanzen |
DE102022114636B4 (de) | 2022-06-10 | 2024-04-18 | crop.zone GmbH | Überwachungs-Vorrichtung zur Überwachung einer Behandlungs-Vorrichtung für Pflanzen |
DE102022114635A1 (de) | 2022-06-10 | 2023-12-21 | crop.zone GmbH | Sicherheits-Vorrichtung zur Kontrolle einer Behandlungs-Vorrichtung für Pflanzen |
DE102022126885B4 (de) | 2022-10-14 | 2024-12-12 | crop.zone GmbH | Biomassen-Bestimmung von Pflanzen |
DE102022126886A1 (de) | 2022-10-14 | 2024-04-25 | crop.zone GmbH | Verfahren zur Reduktion von ungewollten Spannungsüberschlägen bei Elektro-Behandlungen von Pflanzen |
DE102022126888A1 (de) | 2022-10-14 | 2024-04-25 | crop.zone GmbH | Verfahren zur Lichtbogenreduzierung bei Elektro-Behandlungen von Pflanzen |
DE102023106180A1 (de) | 2023-03-13 | 2024-09-19 | crop.zone GmbH | Verfahren zur Elektro-Behandlung von Pflanzen |
DE102023106183A1 (de) | 2023-03-13 | 2024-09-19 | crop.zone GmbH | Verfahren zur Leistungskontrolle bei einer Elektro-Behandlung von Pflanzen |
DE102023106185A1 (de) | 2023-03-13 | 2024-09-19 | crop.zone GmbH | Verfahren zur Elektro-Behandlung von Pflanzen, insbesondere von Knollengemüse |
DE102023106182A1 (de) | 2023-03-13 | 2024-09-19 | crop.zone GmbH | Verfahren zur Elektro-Behandlung von Pflanzen, insbesondere zur Gründüngungskontrolle |
DE102023106184A1 (de) | 2023-03-13 | 2024-09-19 | crop.zone GmbH | Verfahren zur Elektro-Behandlung von Pflanzen, insbesondere von Süßgräsern |
DE102023118009A1 (de) | 2023-07-07 | 2025-01-09 | crop.zone GmbH | Verfahren zur Elektro-Behandlung von Pflanzen, insbesondere zur Gründüngungskontrolle |
DE102024104113B3 (de) | 2024-02-14 | 2025-03-20 | crop.zone GmbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur passiven Lichtbogenunterdrückung bei einer Elektro-Behandlung von Pflanzen |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2007383A (en) * | 1934-09-08 | 1935-07-09 | Walter C Collins | Apparatus for and method of electrically treating soil |
US2243891A (en) * | 1939-06-16 | 1941-06-03 | Topel Russell | Apparatus for destroying vegetation and insects |
US2484443A (en) * | 1945-05-07 | 1949-10-11 | Gilbert M Baker | Electrical weed killer |
US2632285A (en) * | 1948-09-24 | 1953-03-24 | Cortes L Valentine | Electric row-crop thinning machine |
FR2098745A5 (de) * | 1970-07-27 | 1972-03-10 | Marcoux Vernon | |
FR2492631A1 (fr) * | 1980-10-28 | 1982-04-30 | Evrard Ets | Dispositif pour la destruction electrique des vegetaux sur pied |
US6032592A (en) * | 1997-04-22 | 2000-03-07 | Weedbug Pty Ltd. | Hand held motor driven applicators |
-
2017
- 2017-09-14 DE DE112017004654.8T patent/DE112017004654A5/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2017-09-14 WO PCT/DE2017/000298 patent/WO2018050142A1/de unknown
- 2017-09-14 US US16/333,688 patent/US20190261769A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-09-14 EP EP17791922.2A patent/EP3512376A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20190261769A1 (en) | 2019-08-29 |
WO2018050142A1 (de) | 2018-03-22 |
DE112017004654A5 (de) | 2019-06-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2018050142A1 (de) | Applikator | |
DE102020115923B4 (de) | Vorrichtung zum Aufbringen von übergangswiderstandreduzierenden Medien und Applizieren von Strom auf Pflanzen | |
EP3804484B1 (de) | Vorrichtung zur reb- und zeilenkulturpflanzenpflege | |
DE102017002016A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum Abtöten und Schwächen von Pflanzen und anderen Organismen | |
CH629648A5 (de) | Bodenbearbeitungsgeraet. | |
US10188045B1 (en) | Apparatus, system and method for eradicating soil-borne pests using variable controlled electric current | |
EP3199010B1 (de) | Pflanzenstoppelkreiselschläger | |
EP3387890A1 (de) | Reiheneinheit zur mechanischen unkrautbekämpfung, landwirtschaftliche maschine mit wenigstens zwei derartigen reiheneinheiten sowie verfahren zur mechanischen unkrautbekämpfung | |
EP3016494B1 (de) | Landwirtschaftliches gerät und verfahren zur bearbeitung von pflanzenstoppeln | |
DE102010012686A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum Aufrichten von Halmgut | |
DE1457690A1 (de) | Garten- und Ackerbaugeraet | |
DE102016003870B4 (de) | Sämaschine und Verfahren zum Einbringen von Pflanzensamen in einen Pflanzboden | |
EP2661949A1 (de) | Schneidvorrichtung zur mechanischen Bearbeitung von Ernterückständen zur Verhinderung der Ausbreitung von Pflanzenschädlingen und von Pilzbefall | |
EP2896281B1 (de) | Bodenbearbeitungs-Vorrichtung für einen Untergrund | |
DE102015004212A1 (de) | Walzeneinheit für ein landwirtschaftliches Arbeitsgerät zur Maisstoppelbearbeitung | |
EP0201785B1 (de) | Landwirtschaftliches Kombinationsgerät | |
DE102017108119A1 (de) | Reiheneinheit zur mechanischen Unkrautbekämpfung, landwirtschaftliche Maschine mit zumindest zwei derartiger Reiheneinheiten und Verfahren zur mechanischen Unkrautbekämpfung | |
EP1310144B1 (de) | Bodenbearbeitungsgerät zum Einebnen, Zerkleinern und Rückverfestigen des Bodens | |
EP3967123A1 (de) | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum bearbeiten von bodenbewuchsflächen | |
EP3474651B1 (de) | Vorrichtung zur bearbeitung von auf einer bodenfläche befindlichen pflanzenteilen | |
DE19723505C2 (de) | Verfahren und Bodenbearbeitungsgerät zur Bekämpfung von Wildkräutern | |
EP3900516A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum mähen von bewuchs zwischen dämmen und an den flanken von dämmen | |
DE102010051170A1 (de) | 3-Phasen-Pflug | |
DE4235494A1 (de) | Direktsämaschine für das Direktsaatverfahren | |
EP4342271B1 (de) | Mechanisches sikkations-system |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20190411 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20220401 |