EP3507545B1 - Lance d'injection permettant d'injecter un réactif réducteur liquide dans un gaz de combustion provenant de la combustion de combustible dans une chaudière ou un four afin de réduire la quantité d'oxydes d'azote dans les gaz de combustion - Google Patents

Lance d'injection permettant d'injecter un réactif réducteur liquide dans un gaz de combustion provenant de la combustion de combustible dans une chaudière ou un four afin de réduire la quantité d'oxydes d'azote dans les gaz de combustion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3507545B1
EP3507545B1 EP17768712.6A EP17768712A EP3507545B1 EP 3507545 B1 EP3507545 B1 EP 3507545B1 EP 17768712 A EP17768712 A EP 17768712A EP 3507545 B1 EP3507545 B1 EP 3507545B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injector
injectors
injection lance
pipe
boiler
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EP17768712.6A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3507545A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Kurka
Werner Rungger
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Yara International ASA
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Yara International ASA
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Priority to PL17768712T priority Critical patent/PL3507545T3/pl
Publication of EP3507545A1 publication Critical patent/EP3507545A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/003—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes for supplying chemicals to fumes, e.g. using injection devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2215/00—Preventing emissions
    • F23J2215/10—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
    • F23J2215/101—Nitrous oxide (N2O)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J2219/00—Treatment devices
    • F23J2219/20—Non-catalytic reduction devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an injection lance for delivering a liquid reducing reagent into a flue gas of a boiler or furnace, thereby reducing the amount of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) present in said flue gas.
  • the major air pollutants emanating from boilers and furnaces are nitrogen oxides (NO x ), including nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O).
  • NO x nitrogen oxides
  • the total NO and NO 2 -concentration is typically referred to as NO x (nitrogen oxides).
  • Nitrogen oxides are mainly produced in the form of NO. Some NO 2 and N 2 O are also formed, but with lower concentrations.
  • These air pollutants are the subject of growing concern because these compounds are toxic and are the precursors to acid rain deposition as well as photochemical smog. Furthermore, nitrous oxide contributes to the greenhouse effect.
  • liquid reducing reagents directly into the flue gas in the combustion chamber can remove a significant proportion of NO x .
  • the liquid reducing reagent is typically an aqueous solution of urea or ammonia.
  • a superheater is a device used to convert saturated steam or wet steam into superheated steam or dry steam.
  • Water-cooled injector lances penetrating the combustion area of a boiler or furnace are quite common.
  • One such injection lance is described in WO 2013/055285 , disclosing an injection lance for injecting a liquid reducing reagent into a flue gas, comprising separate oblong injectors having different lengths, each injector comprising a pipe, a spraying nozzle, a surrounding pipe disposed around the injectors, and comprising openings for allowing passage of sprayed reducing agent into the flue gas.
  • the surrounding pipe and the pipes of each injector are arranged for providing a second cooling means.
  • the main problem with this technology is that the wall temperature of the injector lance must be kept at temperatures over 150°C to avoid corrosion by the acid components in the flue gas.
  • cooling water condensate from the boiler or furnace cycle can be used, which is at a temperature below 100°C.
  • a heat exchanger for the condensate and the cooling water a pumping module for the cooling water as well for the condensate and a temperature control equipment are necessary. This system is thus costly and requires maintenance.
  • a process and apparatus for reducing the concentration of pollutants in an effluent from the combustion of a fuel is described.
  • the process and apparatus enable injection of an effluent treatment fluid at independently variable droplet sizes and distance of injection to a wide variety of distribution patterns within a flue gas passage.
  • An atomization conduit positioned coaxially around a treatment fluid conduit, extends into the effluent and supplies an atomization fluid.
  • the supply conduit is axially slidable with respect to the atomization conduit and supplying a treatment fluid through the supply conduit.
  • the relative axial position of the supply conduit and the atomization conduit is adjusted and the rate of flow of the atomization fluid is selected to inject droplets of a size effective to a desired distance within the passage.
  • the probe is provided with a cooling conduit disposed outside of and around a portion of the atomization conduit.
  • An appropriate cooling fluid such as air, water or steam, may be circulated or flowed through the cooling conduit to maintain the cooling of both the atomization and supply conduits in the high temperature environment of a boiler.
  • the purpose of the invention is to provide an injector lance arranged for reducing the amount of NO x present in a flue gas of a burner or a furnace that can be installed in the combustion chamber in the right temperature window, having an improved NO x -reduction, and requiring little maintenance.
  • a first aspect of the present invention provides in an injection lance for injecting a liquid reducing reagent into a flue gas from the combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber of a power boiler or furnace to reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas, wherein the injection lance comprises
  • the injection lance as described herein can be described as an injection lance for injecting a liquid reducing reagent into a flue gas comprising at least two separate oblong injectors having a different length, each injector comprising an internal pipe, an external pipe, and a spraying nozzle; a surrounding pipe disposed around the at least two injectors and comprising at least one opening per injector for allowing passage of sprayed reducing agent into the flue gas.
  • the spraying nozzle is disposed at the injector's end.
  • the injectors are oblong structures.
  • the injection lance according to the invention has the advantage that it improves the NOx-reduction by reducing the baseline and providing a better distribution due to the turbulence created by the injected air. It also requires little maintenance. This injection lance is furthermore more cost efficient compared to the ones known in the state of the art. Also, the openings in the vicinity of the spraying nozzles enhance the mixing of the liquid reducing reagent with the flue gas. The surrounding pipe furthermore helps significantly in the reduction of the temperature of the liquid reducing reagent. Generally, there is also no direct connection between the injectors and the surrounding pipe, due to different thermal expansion.
  • the first cooling means consist of the annular space between the internal pipe and the external pipe of the injectors.
  • the second cooling means consist of the space between the surrounding pipe and the external pipe of the injectors. Accordingly, the first and second cooling means are arranged to cool the injectors, respectively the surrounding pipe regardless of whether or not the spraying nozzles are spraying liquid reducing agent in a flue gas.
  • the opening in the injection lance is aligned with the spraying nozzle, i.e. it typically has approximately the same longitudinal position as the spraying nozzle. Accordingly, sprayed reducing agent can be efficiently entered into a flue gas.
  • the end of the injection lance is open. This allows enhanced cooling of the entirety of the injection lance.
  • the end of the injection lance comprises a flow-influencing feature, e.g. a plate for changing the direction of cooling air flow, e.g. by 90°.
  • the injection lance comprises between 2 and 10 injectors, for example between 4 and 8 injectors. This strikes a good balance between the possibility of uniformly providing reducing agent in a flue stream, and the complexity of the injection lance.
  • the injection lance comprises several sets of two or more injectors, the injectors of any one set having the same length, and the injectors of different sets having a different length.
  • the injection lance comprises three sets of two injectors, wherein a first set of injectors has a length between 8300 and 8600 mm, wherein a second set of injectors has a length between 8700 and 9990 mm, and wherein a third set of injectors has a length between 10800 mm and 11200 mm.
  • the injection lance has a length between 8 and 13 m, for example a length between 10 and 11 m.
  • the external diameter of the internal pipe of the injectors is between 5.0 and 20.0 mm, for example between 8.0 and 12.0 mm.
  • the thickness of the internal pipe of the injector is between 0.50 mm and 2.0 mm, for example between 0.80 mm and 1.2 mm.
  • the external diameter of the external pipe of the injectors is between 15.0 and 25.0 mm, preferably between 20.0 and 25.0 mm. In an embodiment, the thickness of the external pipe of the injectors is between 2.0 and 3.0 mm, for example between 2.4 mm and 2.8 mm.
  • the injectors are slideably connected to the surrounding pipe.
  • the injection lance is provided with a flange for slideably connecting the injectors to the surrounding pipe.
  • the slideable connection allows movement in the axial direction of the injection lance, and prevents unacceptably high stresses from occurring in response to thermal expansion.
  • the surrounding pipe has an external diameter of 110 mm to 170 mm, for example a diameter of 130 mm to 150 mm.
  • the surrounding pipe has a thickness of 2.0 -10.0 mm, for example a thickness of 4.0 to 6.0 mm.
  • the injection lance comprises a connection for receiving air to cool the surrounding pipe
  • each injector comprises a connection for receiving atomization air and a connection for receiving a liquid reducing agent
  • the connection for receiving a liquid reducing agent is operably connected to a cylindrical space inside the internal pipe of the injector
  • the connection for receiving atomization air is operably connected to an annular space between the internal pipe and the external pipe
  • the connection for receiving air to cool the surrounding pipe is operably connected to the space between the surrounding pipe and the injector.
  • connection for receiving the air to cool the surrounding pipe is a cylindrical tube which is oriented at an angle of 30° to 60°, for example an angle of 40° to 50°, with respect to the axis of the surrounding piping.
  • each injector comprises one and no more than one spraying nozzle, the spraying nozzle preferably being located at the injectors' end.
  • each spraying nozzle is associated with an opening in the surrounding pipe, the axial distance between associated spraying nozzles and openings being less than 20 to 60 mm.
  • each injector is connected to the surrounding pipe at a distance between 20 and 60 mm, preferably between 30 and 50 mm, from their spraying nozzle and from the corresponding opening in the surrounding pipe.
  • the injectors are preferably slideably connected to the surrounding pipe.
  • the injection lance preferably comprises flange for slideably connecting the injectors to the surrounding pipe.
  • the slideable connection allows movement in the axial direction of the injection lance, and prevents unacceptably high stresses from occurring in response to thermal expansion: the surrounding piping (2) is typically subjected to more thermal dilation than the injectors (3) because the temperature of the injectors is generally cooler than that of the surrounding piping (2).
  • the injection lance further comprises an injector support structure comprising an injector support rod and one or more multi-armed structures, the multi-armed structures comprising two or more support beams and two or more injector holders, the number of support beams being equal to the number of injector holders, and the number of injector holders preferably being equal to the number of injectors, the support beams being radially disposed around the injector support rod, and each support beam connecting an injector holder to the injector support rod.
  • the injection lance comprises 2 to 10, for example 4-8 injectors.
  • the injector support rod typically has a diameter of 5.0 mm to 20 mm, for example a diameter of 10 to 15 mm.
  • the distance between adjacent multi-armed structures is between 500 mm and 4000 mm, preferably between 1000 and 2000 mm, more preferably between 1400 and 1600 mm.
  • the injectors are concentrically arranged around the injector support rod.
  • the injection lance is made from an iron-chromium-nickel alloy.
  • the first cooling means are arranged to cool the injectors with atomizing air that is used for atomizing the liquid reducing agent that is then sprayed by the respective spraying nozzles into the flue gas in the combustion chamber.
  • the atomizing air has a temperature of between 10°C and 60°C.
  • the atomizing air more specifically has a pressure of between 0.5 bar and 4 bar, and most specifically between 1 bar and 3 bar.
  • the second cooling means are arranged to cool the surrounding pipe with air having a temperature of between 10°C and 250°C.
  • the air used to cool the surrounding pipe more has a pressure of between 0.01 bar and 0.5 bar.
  • each of the spraying nozzles has a droplet size and/or a spraying direction that are adjustable by changing the atomizing air pressure, the ratio of the atomizing air to the sprayed liquid reducing agent and/or the type of spraying nozzle.
  • An adjustable droplet size allows manipulation of the penetration distance of the droplet, i.e. the bigger the droplet, the longer the time until it is vaporized.
  • the injection lance comprises a flow control unit for continuously controlling the flow of the liquid reducing reagent towards each of the spraying nozzles.
  • the first and second cooling means are arranged to cool the injectors, respectively the surrounding pipe in case the spraying nozzles are not spraying liquid reducing agent into the flue gas.
  • each of the injectors is connected with the surrounding pipe in the vicinity of their respective spraying nozzles.
  • each of the injectors would expand, possibly in a different way, then each of the injectors are able of move within the surrounding pipe, but their spraying nozzle situated at the end of the injectors will remain in the correct position where the respective openings in the surround pipe are provided.
  • the surrounding pipe is made out of a material that is resistant against a temperature of up to 1100°C.
  • a material class is iron-chromium-nickel alloys.
  • a material having the following composition is suitable: a carbon content less than 0.40 %, a silicon content between 1.0% and 3.0 %, a manganese content less than 4.0%, a phosphorous content of less than 0.90%, a sulphur content of less than 0.06%, a chromium content between 20.0% and 30.0%, and a nickel content between 15.0% and 25.0%, the remainder being made up out of iron, and all percentages being expressed as weight percentages.
  • a material having the following composition is used: a carbon content less than 0.20%, a silicon content between 1.5 and 2.5%, a manganese content lower than 2.0%, a phosphorous content lower than 0.045%, a sulphur content lower than 0.03%, a chromium content between 24.0 and 26.0%, and a nickel content between 19.0 and 22.0%, the remainder being made up out of iron, and all percentages being expressed as weight percentages.
  • the injection lance comprises a flow control unit for continuously controlling the flow of the liquid reducing reagent towards each of the spraying nozzles. Accordingly, the amount of liquid reducing agent added to the flue gas stream can be effectively adapted according to actual process conditions.
  • a boiler or furnace having a combustion chamber comprising a roof and an injection lance according to the invention, as described above which is hanging essentially vertically from the roof of the combustion chamber.
  • the boiler or surface can be described as follows: a boiler or furnace comprising a combustion chamber having a roof and an injection lance, the injection lance hanging essentially vertically from the roof of the combustion chamber of the boiler or furnace.
  • a boiler or furnace is provided with a combustion chamber comprising a substantially vertical wall and an injection lance according to the invention as described above which is arranged in an essentially horizontal position attached to the substantially vertical wall, wherein between the injectors and the surrounding pipe, a supporting beam is arranged to maintain the injectors centrally disposed within the surrounding pipe.
  • the boiler or furnace comprises a combustion chamber having a substantially vertical wall and an injection lance arranged in an essentially horizontal position attached to the substantially vertical wall, wherein the injector support structure is arranged to maintain the injectors centrally disposed within the surrounding pipe.
  • the connections are disposed outside of the boiler or furnace.
  • the injector lance has a certain penetration depth in the combustion chamber of the boiler or furnace, and the boiler or furnace is arranged with an adaptation mechanism to change the penetration depth of the injector lance.
  • the adaptation mechanism is an automatic adaptation mechanism.
  • the boiler or furnace is provided with one or more connections external to the combustion chamber for receiving the atomizing and ambient air and the liquid reducing reagent.
  • the injector lance has a certain penetration depth in the combustion chamber of the boiler or furnace, and the boiler or furnace is arranged with an adaptation mechanism to change the penetration depth of the injector lance.
  • the lance is completely inserted into the combustion chamber, while for higher load, the injection needs to be done further up in the combustion chamber and therefore the injection lance is partially lifted.
  • the present invention relates to a method for reducing the amount of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) present in flue gas provided from the combustion of fuel in a boiler or furnace, said method comprises the step of adding to said flue gas a liquid reducing reagent such as an aqueous urea or ammonia solution using an injection lance as described herein.
  • a liquid reducing reagent such as an aqueous urea or ammonia solution using an injection lance as described herein.
  • the method for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions as described herein comprises the steps:
  • the flow rate of cooling rate is given at inlet conditions, i.e. at ambient conditions.
  • the pressure of the cooling air is given with respect to the pressure of the flue gas.
  • the pressure of the atomizing air is given with respect to atmospheric pressure.
  • the temperature of the flue gas is mostly between 800°C and 1250°C, and typically between 850°C and 1050°C.
  • the total quantity of reducing agent which is injected into the flue gas typically depends on the NOx concentration in the flue gas, the flue gas flow, and the chemical efficiency by which the reducing agent reduces the NOx contaminants. Accordingly, the flow rate of the reducing agent can vary significantly, for example in the range of 0 to 500 l/h per nozzle, and typically in the range of 5 to 200 l/h per nozzle. It is noted that generally, the total reducing agent flow is distributed over the different nozzles. In an embodiment, the reducing agent is diluted with water in order to maintain the total liquid flow in each nozzle in the range of 20-300 l/h, or 40-200 l/h - the specific range may depend on the specific type of nozzle which is used.
  • the temperature of the atomizing air at the connection for receiving atomization air is between 10°C and 60°C.
  • the cooling air provided to the a space between the surrounding pipe and the injectors has an inlet temperature between 10°C and 250°C.
  • ambient air is used as cooling air.
  • the temperature of the atomizing air at the connection for receiving atomization air is between 10°C and 60°C.
  • the method further comprises the step of adjusting the droplet size and/or spraying direction by changing the atomizing air pressure, the ratio of the atomizing air to the sprayed liquid reducing agent and/or the type of spraying nozzle.
  • the present invention relates to the use of injection lance as described herein for injecting a liquid reducing reagent such as an aqueous urea or ammonia solution to in combustion chamber thereby reducing the amount of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) present in flue gas provided from the combustion of fuel in a boiler or furnace.
  • a liquid reducing reagent such as an aqueous urea or ammonia solution
  • An injection lance (1) is arranged for injecting a liquid reducing reagent, more specific an aqueous urea or ammonia solution, into a flue gas produced by the combustion of fuel in a combustion chamber of boiler, for instance a power boiler, or a furnace in order to reduce the amount of NO x in the flue gas.
  • the injection lance (1) comprises a surrounding pipe (2) made out of high temperature resistant steel, more in particular resistant against temperatures up to 1100°C. This surrounding pipe (2) is coaxial with and disposed around at least two oblong separate injectors (3) that at the end thereof each have a single spraying nozzle (4) (see FIG.
  • each of the spraying nozzles (4) can have a droplet size and/or a spraying direction that are adjustable by changing the pressure of the atomizing air, the ratio of the atomizing air to the sprayed liquid reducing agent and/or the type of spraying nozzle.
  • the spraying direction can be made adjustable more specifically by changing the type of spraying nozzle and the position thereof within the injection lance (1).
  • the injection lance (1) can comprise a flow control unit for continuously controlling the flow of the liquid reducing reagent towards each of the spraying nozzles (4).
  • the exemplary embodiment as shown in FIG. 1 is provided with three oblong injectors (3) extending into the surrounding pipe (2) and each having a different length.
  • Each of the injectors (3) can be fixed with the surrounding pipe (2) in the vicinity of each of their spraying nozzles (4).
  • the injection lance (1) furthermore comprises first cooling means to cool the injectors with air.
  • the air that is used to cool the injectors (3) is more specifically the atomizing air that is used to atomize the liquid reducing agent or in other words to reduce the liquid reducing agent to a fine spray in each of the injectors (3).
  • the atomizing air more specifically has an inlet temperature of between 10°C and 60°C and has a pressure of between 0.5 and 4 bar, and more in particular a pressure of between 1 and 3 bar. It is remarked that further in the injection lance (1), the temperature can be higher.
  • the injection lance (1) furthermore comprises second cooling means that are arranged to cool the surrounding pipe (2) with air having a temperature of between 10°C and 250°C.
  • the air to cool the surrounding pipe (2) more specifically has a pressure of between 0.01 and 0.5 bar.
  • This air can be obtained from any air source having the right temperature and pressure.
  • This air can for instance be produced by an air blower which injects air at the beginning of the surrounding pipe (2). It can however also be cold combustion air. Furthermore, it can also be air that is coming from ammonia stripping of the ash produced in the combustion chamber. During transport of fly ash together with the flue gas, ammonia is adsorbed on the fly ash. Since the fly ash is however sold, the amount of ammonia that is allowable is limited.
  • the first cooling means respectively the second cooling means can be provided to cool the injectors (3) with atomizing air, respectively the surrounding pipe (2) with air, even when the injectors (3) are not spraying liquid reducing agent into the flue gas.
  • connections can be provided for
  • the injection lance (1) according to the invention as described above can be installed in an essentially horizontal as well as in an essentially vertical way in the combustion chamber.
  • the injection lance (1) more specifically hangs from the roof of the combustion chamber of the boiler or the furnace.
  • the injection lance (1) more specifically is provided with a supporting beam (not shown on the figures) between the injectors (3) and the surrounding pipe (2) to keep the injectors centrally disposed within the surrounding pipe (2).
  • the injection lance (1) optionally can be provided movable within the combustion chamber, for instance by providing a hoist fixed at the roof of the combustion chamber or a retractable support for a horizontally positioned injection lance (1).
  • the injection lance (1) has a certain penetration depth in the combustion chamber of the boiler or the furnace which can be adapted by means of an adaptation mechanism, for instance a compression seal fitting (gland) (not shown on the FIGs) that is located where the injectors (3) penetrate the blind flange (9) (see FIG. 1 ) and that secures the injectors (3) to the blind flange (9).
  • a compression seal fitting (gland) (not shown on the FIGs) that is located where the injectors (3) penetrate the blind flange (9) (see FIG. 1 ) and that secures the injectors (3) to the blind flange (9).
  • the injectors (3) are slideably secured to the blind flange (9), i.e. the injectors are allowed to slide through the blind flange (9) during normal operation.
  • the surrounding piping (2) is typically subjected to more thermal dilation than the injectors (3) because the temperature of the injectors is generally cooler than that of the surrounding piping (2).
  • the combustion chamber may comprise a support pipe connected to a flange, which in turn is connected to the wall of the injection chamber.
  • the injection lance can be inserted in the support pipe, such that it penetrates the combustion chamber wall.
  • One or more exemplary embodiments of the present injection lance (1) are further described by reference to Figs. 2 to 9 .
  • Fig. 2 shows a lateral view of an injection lance (1).
  • the length of the injection lance i.e. the distance between the wall (5) and its end (11) is 10500 mm.
  • the end (11) of the injection lance may be open, or it may comprise a plate for changing the direction of cooling air flow, e.g. by 90°.
  • the injection lance comprises a surrounding piping (2) having an external diameter of 140 mm and having a thickness of 5 mm.
  • the connection (7) for receiving the air to cool the surrounding pipe is a cylindrical tube which is oriented at an angle of 45° with respect to the axis.
  • the injection lance comprises a total of six injectors (3).
  • Figs 3 to 7 show various cross sections through the injection lance (1).
  • Fig. 8 shows a lateral view of the injectors (3).
  • Fig. 9 shows an injector support structure (31).
  • Figs. 3-5 show cross sections of the injection lance.
  • Fig. 3 shows cross section C-C
  • Fig. 4 shows cross section D-D
  • Fig. 5 shows cross section E-E, the locations of which are indicated in Fig. 2 .
  • It shows location of the injectors (3) inside the injection lance.
  • the injection lance comprises six injectors (3) which are each held by an injection holder (23).
  • the injection holders (23) are held in place by a multi-armed structure (14) which is connected to an injector support rod (22).
  • the injectors are tubular objects having an internal pipe (12) and an external pipe (13).
  • the external diameter of the external pipe (13) of the injectors (3) is 21 mm and its thickness is 3 mm.
  • the external diameter of the internal pipe (12) of the injectors (3) is 10 mm, and its thickness is 1 mm.
  • a pin (16) provides a secure connection between the multi-armed structure (14) and the surrounding piping (2).
  • the protrusions (17) support the injectors (3).
  • Figs. 6 and 7 respectively show lateral sections J-J and H-H, the positions of which are indicated in Fig. 3 .
  • Two injectors (3) are shown, each having an internal pipe (12) for carrying a liquid reductant, and an external pipe (13) for carrying atomization air.
  • Fig. 8 shows the injectors (3) in an injector assembly.
  • the injectors are connected to a flange (19), which allows connecting them to a surrounding pipe.
  • the injectors are further connected to injector holders (23) for connecting them to multi-armed structures, which keep the injectors in place with respect to each other.
  • Each injector (3) comprises a connection for receiving atomizing air and a connection for receiving a liquid reducing agent.
  • the injection lance (1) comprises three sets of two injectors (3). These three sets have different lengths. In particular, a first set of injectors has a length of 8500 mm, a second set of injectors has a length of 8900 mm, and a third set of injectors has a length of 11000 mm.
  • the use of sets of injectors (3) having different lengths allows injecting reducing agents in a furnace or super heater at various locations, which results in improved reagent homogeneity in the furnace or boiler.
  • the 6 concentrically arranged injectors each comprising a connection for receiving atomizing air and a connection for receiving a liquid reducing agent.
  • the injectors are concentrically arranged around an injector support rod (22).
  • both the injectors and the injector support rods are arranged to be movable along the longitudinal axis of the injection lance. In particular, they are slideably connected to a flange (19). This reduces the occurrence of thermal stresses which may occur during normal operation at high temperature.
  • Fig. 9 shows an injector support structure (31). It comprises an injector support rod (22) and several multi-armed structures for fixing the relative position of the injectors.
  • the multi-armed structure comprises 6 support beams (26) and 6 injector holders (23).
  • the support beams (26) connect the injector holders (23) to the injector support rod (22).
  • the injector support rod has a diameter of 10 mm.
  • the injectors (3) are slideably disposed within the reducers (15). Accordingly, a single injector can be taken out for maintenance without extracting the complete lance.
  • the protrusions (17) help to keep the injectors (3) in place.
  • the injectors (3) can pass through the injector holders (23) of the multi-armed structure (14) which are located along the length of the injection lance, but not through the injector holders (24) of the injector support ring (20) near the end of the injection lance: the injector holders (24) of the injector support ring (20) have a smaller diameter than the injector holders (23) of the multi-armed structure (14).
  • the injectors each comprise a connection for receiving atomization air (6) and a connection for receiving a liquid reducing agent (8).
  • a spraying nozzle (4) is disposed at the injector's end (30).
  • the injector comprises an internal pipe (12) and an external pipe (13).
  • the internal pipe (12) is in fluid connection with a connection (8) for receiving liquid reducing agent.
  • the external pipe (13) is connected to a connection (6) for receiving atomization air.
  • cooling air is provided to the space between the external duct and the injectors at a flow rate between 1.0-2.0x10 3 m 3 /h at a pressure of 50 mbar.
  • the flow-rate by which the cooling air is provided can be varied by means of a fan.
  • Atomization air is provided to the injector, and particularly to the space between the injectors' internal pipe and external pipe.
  • the atomization air is provided at a pressure of 2 bar, at a flow rate of 5.0-15.0 Nm 3 /h for each nozzle separately, in which the symbol "Nm 3 " denotes cubic meter under standard conditions.
  • Liquid reducing agent flows through the injectors' internal pipe.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Chimneys And Flues (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Lance d'injection (1) pour injecter un réactif réducteur liquide dans un gaz de combustion comprenant :
    - au moins deux injecteurs séparés oblongs (3) ayant une longueur différente, chaque injecteur (3) comprenant un tuyau interne (12), un tuyau externe (13) et une buse de pulvérisation (4) ; un tuyau environnant (2) disposé autour des au moins deux injecteurs (3) et comprenant au moins une ouverture (10) par injecteur pour permettre le passage de l'agent réducteur pulvérisé dans le gaz de combustion ; et,
    le tuyau interne (12) et le tuyau externe (13) de chaque injecteur (3) étant agencés de manière à fournir un premier moyen de refroidissement ; et le tuyau environnant (2) et les tuyaux externes (13) de chaque injecteur (3) étant agencés de manière à fournir un second moyen de refroidissement.
  2. Lance d'injection selon la revendication 1 comprenant en outre une structure de support d'injecteur comprenant une tige de support d'injecteur (22) et une ou plusieurs structures à bras multiples (14), les structures à bras multiples (14) comprenant deux ou plus de deux poutres de support (26) et deux ou plus de deux porte-injecteurs (23), le nombre de poutres de support (26) étant égal au nombre de porte-injecteurs (23), et le nombre de porte-injecteurs (23) étant égal au nombre d'injecteurs (3), les poutres de support (26) étant disposées radialement autour de la tige de support d'injecteur (22), et chaque poutre de support (26) raccordant un porte-injecteur (23) à la tige de support d'injecteur (22).
  3. Lance d'injection (1) selon la revendication 2, la distance entre des structures adjacentes à plusieurs bras (14) étant comprise entre 500 mm et 4000 mm, de préférence entre 1000 et 2000 mm, plus préférablement entre 1400 et 1600 mm.
  4. Lance d'injection (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 comprenant en outre un raccord (7) pour recevoir de l'air afin de refroidir le tuyau environnant (2), et chaque injecteur (3) comprenant un raccord (6) pour recevoir de l'air de pulvérisation et un raccord (8) pour recevoir un agent réducteur liquide, pour chaque injecteur,
    - le raccord (8) destiné à recevoir un agent réducteur liquide étant raccordé de manière fonctionnelle à un espace cylindrique à l'intérieur du tuyau interne (12) de l'injecteur (3) ;
    - le raccord (6) destiné à recevoir de l'air de pulvérisation étant raccordé de manière fonctionnelle à un espace annulaire entre le tuyau interne (12) et le tuyau externe (13) ; et
    - le raccord (7) destiné à recevoir de l'air pour refroidir le tuyau environnant (2) étant raccordé de manière fonctionnelle à l'espace entre le tuyau environnant (2) et l'injecteur (3).
  5. Lance d'injection (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, chaque injecteur (3) comprenant une et pas plus d'une buse de pulvérisation (4), la buse de pulvérisation (4) étant de préférence située à l'extrémité de l'injecteur (3).
  6. Lance d'injection selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, chaque buse de pulvérisation (4) étant associée à l'une des ouvertures (10) dans le tuyau environnant (2), la distance axiale entre les buses de pulvérisation (4) et les ouvertures (10) associées étant inférieure à 20 à 60 mm, de préférence inférieure à 30 à 50 mm ; de préférence chaque injecteur (3) étant raccordé au tuyau environnant (2) à une distance comprise entre 20 et 60 mm, de préférence entre 30 et 50 mm, par rapport à leur buse de pulvérisation (4) et à l'ouverture correspondante dans le tuyau environnant (2).
  7. Lance d'injection selon la revendication 6, les injecteurs étant raccordés de manière coulissante au tuyau environnant.
  8. Chaudière ou four comprenant une chambre de combustion ayant un toit et une lance d'injection (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, suspendue de manière essentiellement verticale au toit de la chambre de combustion de la chaudière ou du four.
  9. Chaudière ou four comprenant une chambre de combustion ayant une paroi sensiblement verticale et une lance d'injection (1) selon la revendication 2 ainsi que selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 ou 7, agencée dans une position essentiellement horizontale fixée à la paroi sensiblement verticale, la structure de support d'injecteur étant agencée de manière à maintenir les injecteurs (3) disposés centralement à l'intérieur du tuyau environnant (2).
  10. Chaudière ou four selon la revendication 8 ou 9, ainsi que selon la revendication 4, les raccords (6, 7, 8) étant disposés à l'extérieur de la chaudière ou du four.
  11. Chaudière ou four selon l'une quelconque des revendications 8 à 10, la lance d'injection ayant une certaine profondeur de pénétration dans la chambre de combustion de la chaudière ou du four, et la chaudière ou le four étant agencé avec un mécanisme d'adaptation pour modifier la profondeur de pénétration de la lance d'injection.
  12. Procédé de réduction des émissions d'oxydes d'azote dans un gaz de combustion comprenant les étapes de :
    - fourniture d'une lance d'injection (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6 ;
    - fourniture de l'air de refroidissement à un espace entre le tuyau environnant (2) et les injecteurs (3), de préférence à un débit de 0,50 à 4,0×103 m3/h et à une pression de 0,01 à 0,5 bar ; plus préférablement à un débit de 1,0 à 2,0 m3/h et à une pression de 40-50 mbar, le débit étant donné dans les conditions d'entrée, et la pression étant donnée par rapport au gaz de combustion ;
    - fourniture de l'air de pulvérisation à un espace annulaire entre le tuyau interne (12) et le tuyau externe (13) des injecteurs, de préférence à un débit de 2,5-30,0 Nm3/h et à une pression de 0,50 à 4,0 bar ; plus préférablement à un débit de 5,0-15,0 Nm3/h et à une pression de 1,0 à 3,0 bar, la pression étant donnée par rapport à la pression atmosphérique ;
    - fourniture d'un agent réducteur liquide au tuyau interne (12) du ou des injecteurs (3) ; et,
    - pulvérisation de l'agent réducteur liquide dans un gaz de combustion.
  13. Procédé selon la revendication 12, la température de l'air de pulvérisation au niveau du raccord (7) destiné à recevoir l'air de pulvérisation étant comprise entre 10 °C et 60 °C.
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 12 ou 13, l'air de refroidissement fourni à l'espace entre le tuyau environnant (2) et les injecteurs (3) ayant une température comprise entre 10 °C et 250 °C.
  15. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 12 à 14, comprenant en outre l'étape d'ajustement de la taille des gouttelettes et/ou de la direction de pulvérisation en modifiant la pression d'air de pulvérisation, le rapport de l'air de pulvérisation à l'agent réducteur liquide pulvérisé et/ou le type de buse de pulvérisation.
EP17768712.6A 2016-09-05 2017-09-05 Lance d'injection permettant d'injecter un réactif réducteur liquide dans un gaz de combustion provenant de la combustion de combustible dans une chaudière ou un four afin de réduire la quantité d'oxydes d'azote dans les gaz de combustion Active EP3507545B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL17768712T PL3507545T3 (pl) 2016-09-05 2017-09-05 Lanca wtryskowa do wtryskiwania ciekłego odczynnika redukującego do spalin pochodzących ze spalania paliwa w kotle lub piecu w celu zredukowania ilości tlenków azotu w spalinach

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16187213.0A EP3290793A1 (fr) 2016-09-05 2016-09-05 Lance d'injection permettant d'injecter un réactif réducteur liquide dans un gaz de combustion provenant de la combustion de combustible dans une chaudière ou un four afin de réduire la quantité d'oxydes d'azote dans les gaz de combustion
PCT/EP2017/072226 WO2018042055A1 (fr) 2016-09-05 2017-09-05 Lance d'injection permettant d'injecter un réactif réducteur liquide dans un gaz de combustion provenant de la combustion de combustible dans une chaudière ou un four pour réduire la quantité d'oxydes d'azote dans le gaz de combustion

Publications (2)

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EP3507545A1 EP3507545A1 (fr) 2019-07-10
EP3507545B1 true EP3507545B1 (fr) 2020-04-08

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EP16187213.0A Withdrawn EP3290793A1 (fr) 2016-09-05 2016-09-05 Lance d'injection permettant d'injecter un réactif réducteur liquide dans un gaz de combustion provenant de la combustion de combustible dans une chaudière ou un four afin de réduire la quantité d'oxydes d'azote dans les gaz de combustion
EP17768712.6A Active EP3507545B1 (fr) 2016-09-05 2017-09-05 Lance d'injection permettant d'injecter un réactif réducteur liquide dans un gaz de combustion provenant de la combustion de combustible dans une chaudière ou un four afin de réduire la quantité d'oxydes d'azote dans les gaz de combustion

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EP (2) EP3290793A1 (fr)
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WO2019178137A1 (fr) * 2018-03-14 2019-09-19 Midwest Energy Emissions Corp Système d'injection d'halogénure
CN110860200A (zh) * 2018-08-28 2020-03-06 艾克赛尔能源科技江苏有限公司 一种高效冷却喷射器
CN109173667B (zh) * 2018-09-25 2023-10-13 内蒙古弘睿节能科技有限公司 一种全自动三级脱硫除尘装置

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US7731100B2 (en) * 2008-08-12 2010-06-08 Walsh Jr William Arthur Joining the mixing and variable gas atomizing of reactive chemicals in flue gas cleaning systems for removal of sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides and mercury
US8578965B2 (en) * 2010-08-17 2013-11-12 Babcock & Wilcox Canada Ltd. Device and method for supplying a sorbent
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EP3290793A1 (fr) 2018-03-07
EP3507545A1 (fr) 2019-07-10
WO2018042055A1 (fr) 2018-03-08
PL3507545T3 (pl) 2020-09-21

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