EP3503112A1

EP3503112A1 - Method and system for validating parameters in a medical study

Info

Publication number: EP3503112A1
Application number: EP17209615.8A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Ananda Hegde; Reena Paliwal
Original assignee: Siemens Healthcare GmbH
Current assignee: Siemens Healthineers AG
Priority date: 2017-12-21
Filing date: 2017-12-21
Publication date: 2019-06-26
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-21
Also published as: US20190198159A1; EP3503112B1; US11532390B2

Abstract

A method and system for validating a parameter in a medical study are disclosed. In one aspect of the invention, the method includes receiving by an interface (104) the medical study from a source (107, 102). In another aspect of the invention, the method includes determining by a processing unit (201) a first parameter of the medical study to be validated. In yet another aspect of the invention, the method includes receiving an imaging protocol from a configuration file in an imaging unit (107) by the interface (104) wherein the imaging protocol comprises a second parameter corresponding to the first parameter in the medical study. In a further aspect of the invention, the method includes determining by the processing unit (201) if there is a mismatch of the first parameter in the medical study and the second parameter in the imaging protocol; and if there is a mismatch, correcting by the processing unit (201) the first parameter in the medical study based on the second parameter in the imaging protocol to validate the medical study.

Description

The present invention relates to a method and a system for validating parameters in a medical study. The method includes receiving by an interface the medical study from a source; determining by a processing unit the parameter of the medical study to be validated; receiving an imaging protocol from a configuration file in an imaging unit by the interface, wherein the imaging protocol comprises a parameter corresponding to the parameter in the medical study; and determining by the processing unit if there is a mismatch of the parameter in the medical study and the parameter in the imaging protocol.
A DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) file is generated when a patient undergoes an imaging/examination procedure, such as, for example, a computed tomography (CT) scan. The DICOM file contains a number of attributes, including patient name and identification details, age, details of the examination procedure, and image pixel data. The DICOM file also includes dose values pertaining to the imaging procedure and one or more tags associated with each attribute in the DICOM file. An imaging protocol pertaining to the imaging procedure is defined by an operator, corresponding to which attribute data is captured onto the DICOM file. As the imaging protocol is defined by the operator manually, the scope of error in inputting the attributes is high. Therefore, in an event where an attribute is captured incorrectly in the DICOM file, the DICOM file may be invalidated due to erroneous values. For example, if dose values are captured incorrectly in the DICOM file, a physician examining the medical study may provide wrong medical analysis to the patient. Incorrect dose values may further impact all the medical applications which make use of the DICOM file for processing.
In the light of the above, there exists a need to provide a method and a system that validates the parameters in a medical study by identifying and correcting the mismatches found between parameters in an imaging protocol and a medical study.
The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method and a system to validate the parameters in a medical study, thereby rendering an accurate and valid medical study for medical use.
This object is solved by a method of validating parameters in a medical study, a local transmission unit, a system, a computer program product and a computer-readable medium which corrects the first parameter in the medical study based on the second parameter in the imaging protocol to validate the medical study.
In the following, the solution according to the invention is described with respect to the claimed local transmission unit as well as with respect to the claimed method. Features, advantages or alternative embodiments herein can be assigned to the other claimed objects and vice versa. In other words, claims for the local transmission unit can be improved with features described or claimed in the context of the method. In this case, the functional features of the method are embodied by objective units of the local transmission unit.
Based on the abovementioned method, the invention achieves the object by correcting, if there is a mismatch, the parameter in the medical study based on the parameter in the imaging protocol to validate the medical study. An advantage of the invention is that as the mismatch between values in the imaging protocol and the medical study is corrected, a valid DICOM file is generated. Therefore, such valid DICOM file may be used for accurate further medical analysis. Furthermore, correct examination of a patient's medical condition is ensured using a valid DICOM file/medical study.
The present invention describes a method of validating a parameter in a medical study. The method comprises a step of receiving by an interface the medical study from a source. The source may be, for example, a medical database. The medical database may contain medical data obtained from, but not limited to, one or more medical equipments, for example scanners; hospitals; medical professionals; and other providers that may be involved in patient care. In an embodiment, the medical database may be present in cloud. The interface may be, for example, a data bus, which is configured to receive data from the medical database. Alternatively the interface may be an adapter module coupled to the medical scanner. The adapter module creates an interface between the scanner and the cloud component. The adapter module may be configured to fetch medical study, for example, digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) study, from the scanner. Such DICOM study may include medical parameters such as, for example, dose values, DICOM tag information, et cetera. A first parameter to be validated from the medical study is determined by a processing unit. One of the parameters in the medical study may be captured incorrectly, because of which the medical study may be rendered invalid for further analysis. Therefore, determination of a parameter to be validated in the medical study is essential. The interface is further configured to receive an imaging protocol from a configuration file in an imaging unit. An imaging protocol may contain one or more parameters pertaining to image acquisition by the medical scanner. Therefore, the imaging protocol comprises parameters which may correspond to the parameters in the medical study. A second parameter in the imaging protocol which corresponds to the first parameter in the medical study is identified. The corresponding second parameter to the first parameter may be identified, for example, using DICOM tag value. Advantageously, the corresponding second parameter in the imaging protocol allows identification of an erroneous recording of the first parameter in the medical study. The method further comprises determining by the processing unit if there is a mismatch of the first parameter in the medical study and the second parameter in the imaging protocol. If there is a mismatch, the first parameter in the medical study is corrected based on the second parameter in the imaging protocol to validate the medical study. The advantage of the invention is that the accuracy of the parameters in the medical study is maintained. Therefore, generation of erroneous medical studies is reduced, thereby enabling accurate processing of medical data.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the medical study is a digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) study.
According to another embodiment of the invention, in determining a mismatch of the first and second parameter, the method further comprises comparing by the processing unit the first parameter in the medical study with the corresponding second parameter in the imaging protocol. An estimate of similarity between the first parameter and the second parameter is performed to identify a mismatch in the parameters. For example, if the first parameter is a DICOM tag, the tag value of the DICOM tag is mapped to the tag value of the second parameter in the imaging protocol to identify discrepancy. The comparison of the first parameter and the second parameter may be performed, for example, to identify difference in the value associated with the first and the second parameters; to identify if the value associated with the second parameter has been input in the imaging protocol; or to identify if the value of the value associated with the first parameter has been input in the medical study. Comparing the first parameter and the second parameter may also be understood as analysis of values associated with the first and the second parameters to determine a matching index. A high matching index indicates that the first parameter and the second parameter match. A low matching index may indicate a mismatch between the first parameter and the second parameter. The advantage of comparing the first and the second parameter is the identification of mismatch between the values associated with the first parameter and the second parameter. Therefore, the inconsistency in the data included in the medical study and the imaging protocol is determined. Based on this determination, the validation of the medical study may be initiated.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, in correcting the first parameter in the medical study, the method comprises determining by the processing unit an age of a patient being examined and/or a phantom size based on the age of the patient. The age of the patient being examined may be present in the medical study and/or the imaging protocol. Alternatively, the medical study and/or the imaging protocol may contain a date of birth of the patient being examined. Therefore, the age of the patient may be determined from the date of birth indicated in the medical study and/or the imaging protocol. A phantom is an object that is used to evaluate the performance of an imaging device/medical scanner. The phantom responds to the imaging process in a similar manner to that of a tissue or organ of an organism to be imaged. The size of the phantom is determined based on the age of the patient. The advantage of determination of the age of the patient and/or the size of the phantom is that the dosage of radiation to be given to the patient is ascertained accurately. Therefore, dosage values are recorded accurately in the medical study.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, in correcting the first parameter in the medical study, the method further comprises normalizing by the processing unit the phantom size in the imaging protocol based on the age of the patient and correcting by the processing unit the first parameter in the medical study based on the normalized phantom size in the imaging protocol. In an embodiment, the phantom size determined according to the age of the patient, may not be correctly recorded in the imaging protocol. Therefore, the dose value of radiation may be captured incorrectly. Thus, the phantom size input in the imaging protocol is normalized to the phantom size determined based on the age of the patient. By normalizing the phantom size, it is ensured that the phantom size is uniformly and accurately recorded in the imaging protocol. 'Normalization' may also be understood as, for example, 'standardization', wherein the phantom size value is made consistent throughout the imaging protocol. In an embodiment, an alert or notification may be generated in case of a mismatch to notify a user operating the medical scanner of the mismatch. The alert or notification may appear on a display unit of the medical scanner or the computing unit of the user as a pop-up window. The notification apart with the details of the mismatch may include, for example, an option to normalize the phantom size based on the determined age of the patient. The option can be chosen by the user to perform normalization of the phantom size values and correction of the first parameter in the medical study. The user may, through the graphical user interface of the display unit, choose to perform the normalization of the phantom size value, thereby correcting the first parameter in the medical study. Once the phantom size value is normalized in the imaging protocol, the first parameter in the medical study is corrected according to the normalized values. The first parameter may be a value that is dependent on the phantom size value. Such parameter may be, for example, dose values. The dose value changes according to the size of the phantom used for medical imaging. Size-specific dose estimation may be performed to ascertain the dose values corresponding to the determined phantom size. The estimation of dose value based on phantom size may be made according to procedures that may be well known to a person skilled in the art. Advantageously, correction of the first parameter in the medical study in accordance with the imaging protocol enables accurate recordation of parameters in the medical study. Therefore, efficient analysis of the medical study is enabled so as to provide unambiguous treatment to the patient.
According to an embodiment of the invention, in correcting the first parameter in the medical study, the method comprises comparing by the processing unit a second parameter in the imaging protocol with the first parameter in the medical study. An estimate of similarity between the first parameter and the second parameter is performed to identify a mismatch in the parameters. If there is a mismatch, a dose index value and scan length value in the imaging protocol is determined by the processing unit. A dose index value specifies the radiation intensity required to perform the medical examination. Scan length is the length of the area on the patient being scanned. A product of the dose index value and the scan length value is calculated to determine a dose length product (DLP) value. A dose length product indicates the amount of radiation required to perform a medical examination, for example a computed tomography examination and is quantified in a phantom of a defined size. On determination of the DLP value, the first parameter in the medical study is corrected by the processing unit based on the determined second parameter. Correcting the first parameter in the medical study may also be understood as inputting or recording the determined second parameter into the medical study. Correcting may also refer to replacing the existing first parameter value in the medical study with the determined second parameter. Advantageously, the second parameter is determined accurately in this step, thereby eliminating the risk of capturing incorrect values in the imaging protocol and/or in the medical study. Therefore, this enables generation of a valid medical study for further use.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the first parameter is the DLP value in the medical study and the second parameter is DPL value in the imaging protocol.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the first parameter in the medical study comprises dose values accumulated after an irradiation event of medical imaging. Following an irradiation event of medical imaging, the dose values are recorded in the medical study. These dose values, in an embodiment, may be the first parameter to be validated according to the method.
According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the first parameter of the medical study comprises a DICOM tag. A DICOM tag enables identification of an attribute in a medical study.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the second parameter in the imaging protocol comprises dose values defined for the irradiation event of medical imaging. The imaging protocol comprises values defined for an irradiation event. Based on the values input in the imaging protocol, the patient being examined is irradiated to obtain a medical image. The dose values in the imaging protocol may be used to validate the dose values in the medical study. Advantageously, this enables accurate recording of medical parameters in the medical study thereby generating a valid medical study.
The invention also relates to a local transmission unit configured for validating a parameter in a medical study. The local transmission unit comprises an interface configured to receive the medical study from a source. The source may be, for example, a medical database. The medical database may contain medical data obtained from, but not limited to, one or more medical equipments, for example scanners; hospitals; medical professionals; and other providers that may be involved in patient care. In an embodiment, the medical database may be present in cloud. The interface may be, for example, a data bus, which is configured to receive data from the medical database. Alternatively the interface may be an adapter module coupled to the medical scanner. The adapter module creates an interface between the scanner and the cloud component. The adapter module may be configured to fetch medical study, for example, digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) study, from the scanner. Such DICOM study may include medical parameters such as, for example, dose values, DICOM tag information, et cetera. The interface is further configured to receive an imaging protocol from a configuration file in an imaging unit. An imaging protocol may contain one or more parameters pertaining to image acquisition by the medical scanner. Therefore, the imaging protocol comprises parameters which may correspond to the parameters in the medical study. A second parameter in the imaging protocol which corresponds to the first parameter in the medical study is identified. The corresponding second parameter to the first parameter may be identified, for example, using DICOM tag value. Advantageously, the corresponding second parameter in the imaging protocol allows identification of an erroneous recording of the first parameter in the medical study.
The local transmission unit further comprises a processing unit configured to determine a first parameter to be validated from the medical study. One of the parameters in the medical study may be captured incorrectly, because of which the medical study may be rendered invalid for further analysis. Therefore, determination of a parameter to be validated in the medical study is essential. The processing unit is further configured to determine by the processing unit if there is a mismatch of the first parameter in the medical study and the second parameter in the imaging protocol. If there is a mismatch, the processing unit is configured to correct the first parameter in the medical study based on the second parameter in the imaging protocol to validate the medical study. The advantage of the invention is that the accuracy of the parameters in the medical study is maintained. Therefore, generation of erroneous medical studies is reduced, thereby enabling accurate processing of medical data. The local transmission unit is configured to execute a method according to claims 1 to 9.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the medical study is a digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) study.
According to another embodiment of the invention, in determining a mismatch of the first and second parameter, the processing unit is further configured to compare the first parameter in the medical study with the corresponding second parameter in the imaging protocol. An estimate of similarity between the first parameter and the second parameter is performed to identify a mismatch in the parameters. For example, if the first parameter is a DICOM tag, the tag value of the DICOM tag is mapped to the tag value of the second parameter in the imaging protocol to identify discrepancy. The comparison of the first parameter and the second parameter may be performed, for example, to identify difference in the value associated with the first and the second parameters; to identify if the value associated with the second parameter has been input in the imaging protocol; or to identify if the value of the value associated with the first parameter has been input in the medical study. Comparing the first parameter and the second parameter may also be understood as analysis of values associated with the first and the second parameters to determine a matching index. A high matching index indicates that the first parameter and the second parameter match. A low matching index may indicate a mismatch between the first parameter and the second parameter. The advantage of comparing the first and the second parameter is the identification of mismatch between the values associated with the first parameter and the second parameter. Therefore, the inconsistency in the data included in the medical study and the imaging protocol is determined based on which the validation of the medical study may be initiated.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, in correcting the first parameter in the medical study, the local transmission unit is further configured to determine by the processing unit an age of a patient being examined and/or a phantom size based on the age of the patient. The age of the patient being examined may be present in the medical study and/or the imaging protocol. Alternatively, the medical study and/or the imaging protocol may contain a date of birth of the patient being examined. Therefore, the age of the patient may be determined from the date of birth indicated in the medical study and/or the imaging protocol. A phantom is an object that is used to evaluate the performance of an imaging device/medical scanner. The phantom responds to the imaging process in a similar manner to that of a tissue or organ of an organism to be imaged. The size of the phantom is determined based on the age of the patient. The advantage of determination of the age of the patient and/or the size of the phantom is that the dosage of radiation to be given to the patient is ascertained accurately. Therefore, dosage values are recorded accurately in the medical study.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, in correcting the first parameter in the medical study, the local transmission unit is further configured to normalize the phantom size in the imaging protocol based on the age of the patient and correcting by the processing unit the first parameter in the medical study based on the normalized phantom size in the imaging protocol. In an embodiment, the phantom size determined according to the age of the patient, may not be correctly recorded in the imaging protocol. Therefore, the dose value of radiation may be captured incorrectly. Thus, the phantom size input in the imaging protocol is normalized to the phantom size determined based on the age of the patient. By normalizing the phantom size, it is ensured that the phantom size is uniformly and accurately recorded in the imaging protocol. 'Normalization' may also be understood as, for example, 'standardization', wherein the phantom size value is made consistent throughout the imaging protocol. In an embodiment, the local transmission unit may further be configured to generate an alert or notification in case of a mismatch, to notify a user operating the medical scanner of the mismatch. The alert or notification may appear on a display unit of the medical scanner or the computing unit of the user as a pop-up window. The notification apart with the details of the mismatch may include, for example, an option to normalize the phantom size based on the determined age of the patient. The option can be chosen by the user to perform normalization of the phantom size values and correction of the first parameter in the medical study. The user may, through the graphical user interface of the display unit, choose to perform the normalization of the phantom size value, thereby correcting the first parameter in the medical study. Once the phantom size value is normalized in the imaging protocol, the first parameter in the medical study is corrected according to the normalized values. The first parameter may be a value that is dependent on the phantom size value. Such parameter may be, for example, dose values. The dose value changes according to the size of the phantom used for medical imaging. Size-specific dose estimation may be performed to ascertain the dose values corresponding to the determined phantom size. The estimation of dose value based on phantom size may be made according to procedures that may be well known to a person skilled in the art. Advantageously, correction of the first parameter in the medical study in accordance with the imaging protocol enables accurate recordation of parameters in the medical study. Therefore, efficient analysis of the medical study is enabled so as to provide unambiguous treatment to the patient.
According to an embodiment of the invention, in correcting the first parameter in the medical study, the local transmission unit is configured to compare a second parameter in the imaging protocol with the first parameter in the medical study. An estimate of similarity between the first parameter and the second parameter is performed to identify a mismatch in the parameters. If there is a mismatch, a dose index value and scan length value in the imaging protocol is determined by the processing unit. A dose index value specifies the radiation intensity required to perform the medical examination. Scan length is the length of the area on the patient being scanned. A product of the dose index value and the scan length value is calculated to determine a dose length product (DLP) value. A dose length product indicates the amount of radiation required to perform a medical examination, for example a computed tomography examination and is quantified in a phantom of a defined size. On determination of the DLP value, the first parameter in the medical study is corrected by the processing unit based on the determined second parameter. Correcting the first parameter in the medical study may also be understood as inputting or recording the determined second parameter into the medical study. Correcting may also refer to replacing the existing first parameter value in the medical study with the determined second parameter. Advantageously, the second parameter is determined accurately in this step, thereby eliminating the risk of capturing incorrect values in the imaging protocol and/or in the medical study. Therefore, this enables generation of a valid medical study for further use.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the first parameter is the DLP value in the medical study and the second parameter is DLP value in the imaging protocol.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the first parameter in the medical study comprises dose values accumulated after an irradiation event of medical imaging. Following an irradiation event of medical imaging, the dose values are recorded in the medical study. These dose values, in an embodiment, may be the first parameter to be validated according to the method.
According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the first parameter of the medical study comprises a DICOM tag. A DICOM tag enables identification of an attribute in a medical study.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the second parameter in the imaging protocol comprises dose values defined for the irradiation event of medical imaging. The imaging protocol comprises values defined for an irradiation event. Based on the values input in the imaging protocol, the patient being examined is irradiated to obtain a medical image. The dose values in the imaging protocol may be used to validate the dose values in the medical study. Advantageously, this enables accurate recording of medical parameters in the medical study thereby generating a valid medical study.
The invention also relates to a system for validating a parameter is a medical study. The system comprises a medical scanner configured to scan an object and generate a medical study. The medical study comprises a first parameter to be validated. The object may be, for example, a patient to be examined. The medical scanner may be, for example, but not limited to a computed tomography scanner, an X-ray unit, or a magnetic resonance imaging unit. The system further comprises a local transmission unit comprising an interface which may be configured to receive the medical study from the medical scanner. The interface may be for example a cloud adapter module which may be configured to receive medical images from the medical scanner and transfer the medical images to the cloud computing environment. The local processing unit further comprises a processing unit in a cloud computing environment. The processing unit is configured to validate a parameter in the medical study as claimed in claims 1 to 10. The processing unit in the cloud environment may be coupled to a database, such as a blob storage, which may contain all the medical images received from the medical scanner. The advantage of the invention is that the validation of the parameter in the medical study can be performed in a cloud environment. This enables access to the processing unit for validation of the medical study to different users.
The invention relates in one aspect to a computer program product comprising a computer program, the computer program being loadable into a storage unit of a local transmission unit, including program code sections to make the local transmission unit execute a method according to an aspect of the invention when the computer program is executed in the local transmission unit.
The invention relates in one aspect to a computer-readable medium, on which program code sections of a computer program are saved, the program code sections being loadable into and/or executable in a local transmission unit to make the local transmission unit execute the method according to an aspect of the invention when the program code sections are executed in the local transmission unit.
The realization of the invention by a computer program product and/or a computer-readable medium has the advantage that already existing allocation systems can be easily adopted by software updates in order to work as proposed by the invention.
The computer program product can be, for example, a computer program or comprise another element apart from the computer program. This other element can be hardware, for example a memory device, on which the computer program is stored, a hardware key for using the computer program and the like, and/or software, for example a documentation or a software key for using the computer program.
The computer program product can be, for example, a computer program or comprise another element apart from the computer program. This other element can be hardware, for example a memory device, on which the computer program is stored, a hardware key for using the computer program and the like, and/or software, for example a documentation or a software key for using the computer program.
The present invention is further described hereinafter with reference to illustrated embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG 1: illustrates a block diagram of a client-server architecture which provides geometric modeling of components representing different parts of a real world object, according to an embodiment.
FIG 2: illustrates a block diagram of a local transmission unit in which an embodiment of a method for validation of a parameter in a medical study can be implemented.
FIG 3: illustrates a flow chart of an embodiment of a method of validating a parameter in a medical study.
FIG 4: illustrates a flowchart of an embodiment of a method of correcting a parameter in a medical study.
FIG 5: illustrates a flowchart of another embodiment of a method of correcting a parameter in a medical study.
FIG 6: illustrates an embodiment of medical study containing dose length product value.
FIG 7: illustrates an embodiment of a medical study depicting phantom size values.
FIG 8: illustrates a flowchart of another embodiment of a method of correcting a parameter in a medical study.
FIG 9: illustrates a flowchart of an additional embodiment of a method of correcting a parameter in a medical study.
FIG 10: illustrates a block diagram of another clientserver architecture which provides geometric modeling of components representing different parts of a real world object, according to an embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention are described in detail. The various embodiments are described with reference to the drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used to refer to like elements throughout. In the following description, for purpose of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. It may be evident that such embodiments may be practiced without these specific details.
FIG 1 provides an illustration of a block diagram of a client-server architecture that is a geometric modelling of components representing different parts of real-world objects, according to an embodiment. The client-server architecture 100 includes a server 101, a mobile device 106, a computing unit 108 and a medical scanner 107. The mobile device 106, the computing unit 108 and the medical scanner 107 are connected to the server 101 via a network 105, for example, local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), WiFi, etc. In one embodiment, the server 101 is deployed in a cloud computing environment. As used herein, "cloud computing environment" refers to a processing environment comprising configurable computing physical and logical resources, for example, networks, servers, storage, applications, services, etc., and data distributed over the network 105, for example, the internet. The cloud computing environment provides on-demand network access to a shared pool of the configurable computing physical and logical resources. The server 101 may include blob storage or a medical database 102 that comprises medical images obtained from the medical scanner 107. The medical database 102 may contain medical data obtained from, but not limited to, one or more medical equipments, for example scanners, hospitals, medical professionals, and other providers that may be involved in patient care. The medical database may obtain patient medical information from, for example, PACS (acronym for "Picture Archiving and Communication System"), HIS (acronym for "Hospital Information System"), LIS (acronym for "Laboratory Information System") and RIS (acronym for "Radiology Information System"). The server 101 may further include a validation module 103 that is configured to validate a parameter in a medical study. The server 101 may include an interface 104 that receives medical data, for example, medical images from the medical scanner 107 and transfers the medical images to the medical database 102. Additionally, the interface 104 may also communicate with the mobile device 106 and the computing unit 108 via the network 105.
The mobile device 106 and/or the computing unit 108 are used by a user to access medical images to be validated. The medical images on the server 101 can be accessed by the user via a graphical user interface of an end user web application.
FIG 2 is a block diagram of a local transmission unit 101 in which an embodiment can be implemented, for example, as a system to validate a parameter in a medical image, configured to perform the processes as described therein. It is appreciated that the server 101 is an exemplary implementation of the local transmission unit in FIG 1. In FIG 2, the local transmission unit 101 comprises a processing unit 201, a memory 202, a storage unit 203, an input unit 204, an output unit 205 a network interface 104 and a standard interface or bus 206. The local transmission unit 101 can be a (personal) computer, a workstation, a virtual machine running on host hardware, a microcontroller, or an integrated circuit. As an alternative, the local transmission unit 101 can be a real or a virtual group of computers (the technical term for a real group of computers is "cluster", the technical term for a virtual group of computers is "cloud").
The processing unit 201, as used herein, means any type of computational circuit, such as, but not limited to, a microprocessor, microcontroller, complex instruction set computing microprocessor, reduced instruction set computing microprocessor, very long instruction word microprocessor, explicitly parallel instruction computing microprocessor, graphics processor, digital signal processor, or any other type of processing circuit. The processing unit 201 may also include embedded controllers, such as generic or programmable logic devices or arrays, application specific integrated circuits, single-chip computers, and the like. In general, a processing unit 201 can comprise hardware elements and software elements. The processing unit 201 can be configured for multithreading, i.e. the processing unit 201 can host different calculation processes at the same time, executing the either in parallel or switching between active and passive calculation processes.
The memory 202 may be volatile memory and non-volatile memory. The memory 202 may be coupled for communication with the processing unit 201. The processing unit 201 may execute instructions and/or code stored in the memory 202. A variety of computer-readable storage media may be stored in and accessed from the memory 202. The memory 202 may include any suitable elements for storing data and machine-readable instructions, such as read only memory, random access memory, erasable programmable read only memory, electrically erasable programmable read only memory, a hard drive, a removable media drive for handling compact disks, digital video disks, diskettes, magnetic tape cartridges, memory cards, and the like. In the present embodiment, the memory 202 includes a validation module 103 stored in the form of machine-readable instructions on any of the above-mentioned storage media and may be in communication to and executed by processing unit 201. When executed by the processing unit 201, the validation module 103 causes the processing unit 201 to validate a parameter in a medical study. In an alternate embodiment, the memory may also comprise a notification module (not illustrated) which is configured to generate an alert or notification for a user operating the medical scanner in case of a mismatch identified in the parameter in the medical study and a parameter in a imaging protocol. Method steps executed by the processing unit 201 to achieve the abovementioned functionality are elaborated upon in detail in FIG 3, 4, 5, 8, and 9.
The storage unit 203 may be a non-transitory storage medium which stores a medical database 102. The medical database 102 is a repository of medical information related to one or more patients that is maintained by a healthcare service provider. The input unit 204 may include input means such as keypad, touch-sensitive display, camera (such as a camera receiving gesture-based inputs), etc. capable of receiving input signal such as a medical data including patient information to be shared or allocated. The bus 206 acts as interconnect between the processing unit 201, the memory 202, the storage unit 203, the communication interface 104 the input unit 204 and the output unit 205.
Those of ordinary skilled in the art will appreciate that the hardware depicted in FIG 2 may vary for particular implementations. For example, other peripheral devices such as an optical disk drive and the like, Local Area Network (LAN)/ Wide Area Network (WAN)/ Wireless (e.g., Wi-Fi) adapter, graphics adapter, disk controller, input/output (I/O) adapter also may be used in addition or in place of the hardware depicted. The depicted example is provided for the purpose of explanation only and is not meant to imply architectural limitations with respect to the present disclosure.
A local transmission unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure includes an operating system employing a graphical user interface. The operating system permits multiple display windows to be presented in the graphical user interface simultaneously with each display window providing an interface to a different application or to a different instance of the same application. A cursor in the graphical user interface may be manipulated by a user through the pointing device. The position of the cursor may be changed and/or an event such as clicking a mouse button, generated to actuate a desired response.
One of various commercial operating systems, such as a version of Microsoft Windows™, a product of Microsoft Corporation located in Redmond, Washington may be employed if suitably modified. The operating system is modified or created in accordance with the present disclosure as described. Disclosed embodiments provide systems and methods for analyzing medical data associated with a patient. In particular, the systems and methods may perform validation of a parameter in a medical study.
FIG 3 illustrates an embodiment of a method 300 of validating a parameter in a medical study. At step 301 of the method 300, the medical study and imaging protocol are obtained from the medical scanner via the interface 104. In an embodiment, the medical study is a Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) study. The DICOM study comprises medical data accumulated after an irradiation event of medical imaging. A DICOM study may include one or more parameters, for example, but not limited to, the date of birth of a patient being examined and/or the age, the gender of the patient, phantom size value, dose values of the radiation a patient is exposed to, and DICOM tags. An imaging protocol comprises data defined for the irradiation event of medical imaging. At step 302, a first parameter to be validated in the medical study is determined by the processing unit 201. One of the parameters in the medical study may be captured incorrectly, because of which the medical study may be rendered invalid for further analysis. Therefore, determination of a parameter to be validated in the medical study is essential. In an embodiment, the first parameter is a dose value. Alternatively, the first parameter may be any parameter in the DICOM study that may require validation. At step 303, a second parameter in the imaging protocol is determined by the processing unit 201. The second parameter in the imaging protocol is a parameter corresponding to the first parameter in the DICOM study. Therefore, if the first parameter is dose value, the second parameter determined from the imaging protocol is also dose value. The corresponding second parameter in the imaging protocol may be determined, for example, using DICOM tag values. At step 304, the first parameter and the second parameter are compared by the processing unit 201 to determine if there is a mismatch between the first parameter and the second parameter. An estimate of similarity between the first parameter and the second parameter is performed to identify a mismatch in the parameters. A high matching index indicates that the first parameter and the second parameter match. A low matching index may indicate a mismatch between the first parameter and the second parameter. The advantage of comparing the first and the second parameter is the identification of mismatch between the values associated with the first parameter and the second parameter. Therefore, the inconsistency in the data included in the medical study and the imaging protocol is determined, based on which the validation of the medical study is initiated. If the values of the first parameter and the second parameter match, a structured report is generated by the processing unit 201 at step 306. A structured report encodes an imaging diagnostic report essential for Electronic Healthcare Record (EHR). If a mismatch between the first parameter and the second parameter is identified, the first parameter in the medical study is corrected based on the second parameter in the imaging protocol. A structured report is generated by the processing unit 201, at step 306, once the first parameter is corrected. This method enables correction of inconsistency in the data included in the medical study and the imaging protocol. Therefore, a valid medical study is generated for further analysis.
FIG 4 illustrates a flowchart of an embodiment of a method 400 of correcting a parameter in a medical study. At step 401 of the method 400, the age of the patient being examined is determined by the processing unit 201. The age of the patient may be present in the DICOM study/imaging protocol. Alternatively, the DICOM study/imaging protocol may comprise a date of birth of the patient being examined. The age of the patient may therefore be determined from the date of birth in the DICOM study/imaging protocol. The age of the patient enables determination of the quantity of radiation which the patient may be exposed to. At step 402 of the method 400, a phantom size is determined by the processing unit 201 from the imaging protocol. A phantom or an imaging phantom is an object which is scanned or imaged before a patient is examined so as to determine the performance of the imaging device/medical scanner. The size of the phantom is proportional to the radiation dose value to which a patient being examined is to be exposed. Therefore, the size of the phantom enables identification of the radiation dose value. Therefore, with a change in the phantom size, the quantity of radiation may also be modified. At step 403 of the method 400, the phantom size recorded in the imaging protocol is mapped to the determined age of the patient. This enables in determining if the size of the phantom is appropriate for the determined age of the patient, by the processing unit 201. If the size of the phantom is not appropriate based on the age of the patient, at step 404, the phantom size is normalized in the imaging protocol based on the determined age of the patient. For example, based on the determined age, if the patient is an adult, the phantom size (diameter) would be 32 centimeter. FIG 7 illustrates an embodiment of a medical study 700 comprising phantom sizes. As illustrated in FIG 7, the phantom size may not be recorded correctly and therefore require normalization. At step 405 of the method 400, the first parameter in the DICOM study, i.e. the dose value is corrected based on the normalized phantom size. Therefore, advantageously, the method steps enable correction of dose value in the DICOM study based on the normalized phantom size. Therefore, a valid DICOM study is generated which can be used for accurate medical analysis of the patient. At step 406 of the method 400, a structured medical report is generated after the dose values are corrected or if the phantom size corresponds to the patient age.
FIG 5 illustrates a flowchart of yet another embodiment of a method 500 of correcting a parameter in a medical study. In an embodiment, the medical scanner 107 is a computed tomography scanner. At step 501 of the method 500, a first parameter in the medical study is determined by the processing unit 201. In an embodiment, the first parameter is a dose length product (DLP) value. A dose length product is the measure of total radiation that is required to perform a computed tomography examination. The DLP value in the medical study may be recorded after the irradiation event. FIG 6 illustrates an embodiment of a medical study 600 depicting dose length product value recorded. At step 502 of the method 500, a second parameter is identified from the imaging protocol by the processing unit 201. The second parameter corresponds to the first parameter determined from the medical study. Therefore, in the embodiment, the second parameter is the dose length product (DLP) value recorded in the imaging protocol. The DLP value in the imaging protocol may be defined before the irradiation event. The dose length product is a product of dose index or computed tomography dose index (CTDI) and the scan length. The dose index is the radiation intensity that is required to perform a computed tomography examination. A scan length is the length of the area (in centimeter) on the patient being examined that may be irradiated for the medical examination. The first parameter and the second parameter are compared at step 503 of the method 500 to determine if there is a mismatch in the dose length product values in the medical study and the imaging protocol. If there is a mismatch, at step 504, a dose index value is determined. The dose index value may be recorded in the imaging protocol or may be obtained from the computed tomography scanner 107. At step 505, a scan length of the area being examined is determined by the processing unit to calculate a product of the dose index and the scan length. Therefore, the dose length product is determined. The dose length product in the medical study is corrected based on the determined dose length product value at step 507.
FIG 8 illustrates a flowchart of yet another embodiment of a method 800 of correcting a parameter in a medical study. At step 801 of the method 800, the age of the patient being examined is determined by the processing unit 201. The age of the patient may also be determined from the date of birth of the patient in the imaging protocol/medical study. At step 802 of the method 800, the recorded phantom size is determined by the processing unit 201. At step 803, the age of the patient and the recorded are compared to identify if the values match. If the values do not match, at step 804, a notification or alert is generated for a user who may be operating the medical scanner 107 on the mobile device 106 or the computing unit 108. In an embodiment, the notification or alert appears as a pop-up window on the display unit. The computing unit 108 or the mobile device 106 of the user may also be configured to generate a sound alert when the notification is received on the mobile device 106 or the computing unit 108. The notification or alert enables the user to choose an option to perform normalization or correction of the phantom size values. The user may input his choice through the graphical user interface by clicking or pressing a designated button on the graphical user interface so as to trigger an action to normalize the phantom size values. In an embodiment, the graphical user interface may contain an option to save the choice made by the user, to be applied as a default for all the future medical studies. For example, normalization of phantom size values may be performed as a default action if a mismatch is identified between the age of the patient and the phantom size value. If the user chooses to perform normalization/correction of the phantom size values, the processing unit 201 performs normalization of the phantom size at step 806 and corrects the dose values in the medical study at step 807, according to the normalized phantom size. At step 808, a structured report is generated comprising the correct dose values corresponding to the normalized phantom size.
FIG 9 provides an illustration of a flowchart of an embodiment of a method 900 for correcting a parameter in a medical study. In the embodiment, the parameter to be validated in the medical study is a DICOM tag. A DICOM tag enables identification of an attribute in a medical study. At step 901 of the method 900, a DICOM tag value to be validated is determined from the medical study/DICOM study by the processing unit 201. At step 902, a corresponding DICOM tag value in the imaging protocol is determined by the processing unit 201.
The DICOM tag values from the DICOM study and imaging protocol are compared to identify if there is a mismatch, at step 903 of the method 900. If there is a mismatch, the tag value in the DICOM study is corrected based on the tag value presented in the imaging protocol, at step 905. A structured medical report is generated at step 904 with correct DICOM tag values such that the medical report is valid.
FIG 10 provides an illustration of another client-server architecture which provides a geometric modeling of components of a system 1000 for validation of a parameter in a medical study. The system 1000 includes a medical scanner 107 coupled to a local transmission unit 101. The local transmission unit includes an interface 104 and a medical database 102 and a validation module 103 in a cloud computing environment 105. The medical scanner communicates with the cloud computing environment 105 through the interface 104 of the local transmission unit 101. In an embodiment, the medical scanner 107 comprises a cloud adapter module which connects the medical scanner 107 with the cloud computing environment 105. Therefore, the medical study received/generated by the medical scanner is transferred to the cloud computing environment 105 through the cloud adapter module. The medical study is stored in the medical database 102. The cloud computing environment 105 includes components of the local transmission unit 101 such as the validation module 103. The validation module 103 is configured to validate of a parameter in the medical study. In an embodiment, the cloud computing environment 105 includes an additional component of the local transmission unit 101 such as the notification module. The notification module is configured to generate an alert or notification on a user device, for example a mobile device 106 or a computing unit 108 of the user to notify the user of the mismatch in the parameter in the medical study. The validation module 103 is further configured to receive a choice from the user through the graphical user interface of the mobile device 106 or the computing unit 108 for performing normalization and correction of the parameter in the medical study. Therefore, validation of the parameter in the medical study is performed in the cloud computing environment 105. The cloud computing environment 105 enables the medical study to be accessed by more than one user at the same time. The cloud computing environment 105 also provides a secure environment for performance of validation of the parameter and storing the corrected medical study.
The foregoing examples have been provided merely for the purpose of explanation and are in no way to be construed as limiting of the present invention disclosed herein. While the invention has been described with reference to various embodiments, it is understood that the words, which have been used herein, are words of description and illustration, rather than words of limitation. Further, although the invention has been described herein with reference to particular means, materials, and embodiments, the invention is not intended to be limited to the particulars disclosed herein; rather, the invention extends to all functionally equivalent structures, methods and uses, such as are within the scope of the appended claims. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this specification, may effect numerous modifications thereto and changes may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention in its aspects.

Claims

A method of validating a parameter in a medical study, the method comprising:
receiving by an interface (104) the medical study from a source (107, 102);

determining by a processing unit (201) a first parameter of the medical study to be validated;

receiving an imaging protocol from a configuration file in an imaging unit (107) by the interface (104) wherein the imaging protocol comprises a second parameter corresponding to the first parameter in the medical study;

determining by the processing unit (201) if there is a mismatch of the first parameter in the medical study and the second parameter in the imaging protocol; and

if there is a mismatch, correcting by the processing unit (201) the first parameter in the medical study based on the second parameter in the imaging protocol to validate the medical study.
The method according to claim 1, wherein said medical study is a digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) study.
The method according to claim 1, wherein in determining a mismatch of the first and second parameter, the method comprises comparing by the processing unit (201) the first parameter in the medical study with the corresponding second parameter in the imaging protocol.
The method according to claim 1 to 3, wherein in correcting the first parameter in the medical study, the method comprises determining by the processing unit (201) age of a patient being examined and/or a phantom size.
The method of claim 4, wherein in correcting the first parameter in the medical study, the method comprises:
a. normalizing by the processing unit (201) the phantom size in the imaging protocol based on the age of the patient; and

b. correcting by the processing unit (201) the first parameter in the medical study based on the normalized phantom size in the imaging protocol.
The method according to claim 1 to 3, wherein in correcting the first parameter in the medical study, the method comprises:
a. comparing by the processing unit (201) a second parameter in the imaging protocol with the first parameter in the medical study; and

b. if there is a mismatch:
determining by the processing unit (201) a dose index value in the imaging protocol;

determining by the processing unit (201) a scan length value in the imaging protocol;

determining by the processing unit (201) the second parameter by calculating a product of the dose index value and the scan length value; and

correcting by the processing unit (201) the first parameter in the medical study based on the determined second parameter.
The method of claim 6, wherein the first parameter is a dose length product value in the medical study and the second parameter is the dose length product value in the imaging protocol.
The method of claims 1 to 4 wherein the parameter of the medical study comprises dose values accumulated after an irradiation event of medical imaging.
The method of claim 1 to 4 wherein the parameter of the medical study comprises a DICOM tag.
The method of claims 1 to 4 wherein the parameter of the imaging protocol comprises dose values defined for the irradiation event of medical imaging.
A local transmission unit (101) for validating a parameter in a medical study, the unit comprising:
an interface (104) configured to receive the medical study from a source (107, 102), wherein the medical study comprises a first parameter,
furthermore configured to receive an imaging protocol from a configuration file in an imaging unit (107), wherein the imaging protocol comprises a second parameter corresponding to the first parameter in the medical study;

a processing unit (201) configured to determine the first parameter of the medical study to be validated, furthermore configured determine if there is a mismatch of the first parameter in the medical study and the second parameter in the imaging protocol, and
furthermore configured to correct the first parameter in the medical study based on the second parameter in the imaging protocol, if there is a mismatch, to validate the medical study;
the local transmission unit (101) configured to execute a method according to one of the claims 1 to 10.
The local transmission unit (101) according to claim 11, further configured to execute a method according to one of the claims 1 to 10
A system (1000) for validating a parameter in a medical study, the system comprising:
a medical scanner (107) configured to scan an object and generate a medical study, wherein the medical study comprises a first parameter;

a local transmission unit (101) comprising:
an interface (104) configured to receive the medical study from the medical scanner (107); and

a processing unit (201) in a cloud computing environment (105), wherein the processing unit (201) is configured to execute a method according to the claims 1 to 10.
A computer program product comprising a computer program, the computer program being loadable into a storage unit of a local transmission unit (101), including program code sections to make the local transmission unit (101) execute the method of any one of claims 1 to 10 when the computer program is executed in the local transmission unit (101).
A computer-readable medium, on which program code sections of a computer program are saved, the program code sections being loadable into and/or executable in an allocation system to make the local transmission unit (101) execute the method of any one of the claims 1 to 10 when the program code sections are executed in the local transmission unit (101).