EP3499170B1 - Wärmetauschereinlauf - Google Patents

Wärmetauschereinlauf Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3499170B1
EP3499170B1 EP18209929.1A EP18209929A EP3499170B1 EP 3499170 B1 EP3499170 B1 EP 3499170B1 EP 18209929 A EP18209929 A EP 18209929A EP 3499170 B1 EP3499170 B1 EP 3499170B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
manifold
airflow
heat exchanger
plate
passage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18209929.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3499170A1 (de
Inventor
Michael G. Mccaffrey
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RTX Corp
Original Assignee
Raytheon Technologies Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Raytheon Technologies Corp filed Critical Raytheon Technologies Corp
Publication of EP3499170A1 publication Critical patent/EP3499170A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3499170B1 publication Critical patent/EP3499170B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/0263—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits by varying the geometry or cross-section of header box
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0229—Double end plates; Single end plates with hollow spaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
    • F28F1/025—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with variable shape, e.g. with modified tube ends, with different geometrical features
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/26—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means being integral with the element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/06—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media
    • F28F13/08—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by affecting the pattern of flow of the heat-exchange media by varying the cross-section of the flow channels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0221—Header boxes or end plates formed by stacked elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
    • F28F9/0224—Header boxes formed by sealing end plates into covers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/165—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by using additional preformed parts, e.g. sleeves, gaskets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0021—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for aircrafts or cosmonautics
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F2009/0285—Other particular headers or end plates
    • F28F2009/029—Other particular headers or end plates with increasing or decreasing cross-section, e.g. having conical shape
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F2009/0285—Other particular headers or end plates
    • F28F2009/0297—Side headers, e.g. for radiators having conduits laterally connected to common header
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2250/00—Arrangements for modifying the flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. flow guiding means; Particular flow patterns
    • F28F2250/02—Streamline-shaped elements

Definitions

  • a plate and fin heat exchanger includes alternating layers of passages formed by flat sheet metal material and corrugated preformed structures. The entire structure is brazed together to form a unitary brazed assembly. Inlet and outlet openings typically are blunt shaped and can create significant pressure losses as airflow transitions from large spaces within an inlet manifold into the much smaller passages defined by the preformed structures or plates. Similarly, airflow exiting the heat exchanger is subject to pressure losses due to undefined transition from the passages to an open area of a manifold.
  • Turbine engine manufactures utilize heat exchangers throughout the engine to cool and condition airflow for cooling and other operational needs. Improvements to turbine engines have enabled increases in operational temperatures and pressures. The increases in temperatures and pressures improve engine efficiency but also increase demands on all engine components including heat exchangers.
  • Turbine engine manufacturers continue to seek further improvements to engine performance including improvements to thermal, transfer and propulsive efficiencies.
  • WO 2006/102736 A1 discloses a prior art stacked-tube heat exchanger.
  • an example heat exchanger 10 includes an inlet manifold 15 and an outlet or exhaust manifold 20.
  • the inlet manifold 15 includes an inlet 14 for a first airflow 28.
  • the inlet manifold 15 and the outlet manifold 20 are disposed on the ends of a plurality of plates 12.
  • the plates 12 define an airflow passage between the inlet 14 and an outlet 24.
  • the plates 12 also define a plurality of passages for a cooling airflow 30 that passes through channels defined by the plurality of plates 12.
  • the inlet manifold 15 includes a transition region 16 defining an opening or series of openings 18 at the end of the manifold 15 that receives the plates 12 and where airflow schematically indicated at 28 is dispersed and transitions into the airflow passages defined by the plates 12.
  • the outlet manifold 20 includes a similar transition region 22 where airflow exiting the passages defined within the plates 12 transition towards the outlet 24.
  • the example heat exchanger 10 is an air to air heat exchanger where a hot airflow indicated at 28 is injected through the inlet 14 and flows through passages within the plates 12 towards the exhaust manifold 20. Airflow exhausted through the outlet 24 as is indicated at 32 is cooled to a desired temperature. A cooling airflow schematically indicated at 30 flows through the passages defined between the plates 12 by channels between fins. The airflow through the inlet 14 is desired to maintain a desired pressure and avoid excessive pressure losses. Accordingly, the transition region 16 includes features to improve flow into the cooling passages in a more controlled and less turbulent manner to reduce pressure losses that can degrade thermal transfer efficiencies. By controlling transition of airflow into the passages defined by the plates 12, the pressure losses produced through this transition region can be significantly reduced.
  • the example intake manifold 15 is shown in an enlarged cross sectional view.
  • the example intake manifold 10 includes a plurality of ribs 36 that extend from a first wall 34 shown in Figure 3 to a second wall not shown in Figure 3 .
  • Each of the ribs 36 include a smoothly curved transition surface 40.
  • the ribs 36 further include a support portion 42.
  • Each of the plates 12 are supported between two of the ribs 36 such that the smoothly curved transition surface indicated at 40 is disposed above and below each intake passage of each plate 12.
  • the smooth surfaces 40 define a bell mouth shape forward of the inlet to the plate 12 that improves flow properties into the flow passage.
  • the plate 12 defines a first flow passage 44 through the plate 12 and a second flow passage 46 that flows over an outer surface of the plate 12 between fins 56.
  • the fins 56 cooperate with fins 56 in an adjacent plate 12 to define channels through which the cooling airflow 30 flows.
  • each of the plates 26 are trapped between at least two of the ribs 36.
  • a first plate 26A is trapped between rib 36A and 36B.
  • a portion of a second plate 26B is also illustrated and trapped between the rib 36B and 36C.
  • the example plate 26 is shown in perspective view includes a first end 52 and a second end 54.
  • the first end 52 defines an inlet 48 that leads to the first flow passage 44.
  • the outer surface includes the fins 56 that define the second airflow passage 46 for the cooling airflow that flows perpendicular to the hot airflow communicated through the intake manifold 15.
  • a seal 50 is disposed between each of the plates 26A, 26B and 26C and the corresponding ribs 36A, 36B and 36C.
  • Each of the ribs includes the support portion 42 that accepts the first end portion 52 of a corresponding plate 26.
  • an example heat exchanger 60 falling outside the wording of the claims includes a plurality of plates 64 that are stacked atop each other and that are in communication with a transition region 66 of an intake manifold 62.
  • Each of the plates 64 includes fins 70 that are disposed within the cooling air flow.
  • the example manifold is shown by way of an example and only the intake manifold 62 is illustrated.
  • a corresponding exhaust manifold would be provided at the exit end of each of the plurality of plates 64 in a similar arrangement to that of the intake manifold 62.
  • each of the plates 64 include a bell mouth surface 68.
  • the bell mouth surfaces 68 mate to one another to define a smoothly curved surface that transitions airflow into the air passages through the plates 64.
  • the manifold 62 is not required to have a plurality of ribs.
  • each of the plates 64 include features that define the bell mouth shape that provide the smooth transition of airflow from the manifold into the airflow passage defined through the plates.
  • the plates 26 and 64 are one piece unitary structures that are cast as a one piece item that do not include joints between any of the portions.
  • the unitary structure of the plate eliminates the need for welded or brazed joints that can cause problems during operation or that may be susceptible to mechanical strains and stresses caused by extreme thermal gradients.
  • the example heat exchanger manifold includes features that tailor airflow and transition that airflow through the plates to enable higher pressure capabilities that in turn increase the overall efficiency of the heat exchanger to enable use and higher temperature and pressure applications.

Claims (8)

  1. Wärmetauscher (10), umfassend:
    eine Gussplatte (12; 26), die mindestens einen Durchgang (44) definiert, der einen Strömungsweg für Luftstrom (28) definiert, wobei die Platte (12; 26) ein einheitliches Teil ohne Verbindungen definiert; und
    einen Verteiler (15; 20), der einen Übergangsbereich (16; 22) beinhaltet, wobei
    der Übergangsbereich (16; 22) mindestens zwei Rippenabschnitte (36) beinhaltet, die eine sanft gekrümmte Übergangsfläche (40) in den mindestens einen Durchgang (44) definieren, wobei sich die mindestens zwei Rippenabschnitte (36) über den Übergangsbereich (16; 22) von einer ersten Wand (34) des Verteilers (15; 20) zu einer zweiten Wand des Verteilers (15; 20) erstrecken, wobei die mindestens zwei Rippenabschnitte (36) einen Stützabschnitt (42) beinhalten, der den mindestens einen Durchgang (44) stützt, und wobei die Platte (12; 26) gegen den Stützabschnitt (42) der mindestens zwei Rippenabschnitte (36) stößt, um die sanft gekrümmte Übergangsfläche (40) durch den mindestens einen Durchgang (44) fortzusetzen.
  2. Wärmetauscher (10) nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Verteiler (15) ein Gehäuse mit einer Einlauföffnung (14) beinhaltet und der Übergangsbereich (16) an den mindestens einen Durchgang (44) angrenzt.
  3. Wärmetauscher (10) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, beinhaltend eine Dichtung (50), die zwischen der Platte (12; 26) und den mindestens zwei Rippenabschnitten (36) angeordnet ist.
  4. Wärmetauscher (10) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, beinhaltend eine Vielzahl von Durchgängen (44) für Luftstrom, und wobei der Verteiler (15; 20) einen Einlaufverteiler (15) an einem Ende der Vielzahl von Durchgängen (44) und einen Auslaufverteiler (20) an einem gegenüberliegenden Ende der Vielzahl von Durchgängen (44) umfasst.
  5. Wärmetauscher nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die sanft gekrümmte Übergangsfläche (40) eine glockenförmige Form umfasst.
  6. Verfahren zum Zusammenbauen eines Wärmetauschers (10), umfassend:
    Definieren eines Verteilers (15; 20), um eine Vielzahl von Rippen (36) zu beinhalten, die sich über einen Übergangsbereich (16; 22) von einer ersten Wand (34) des Verteilers (15; 20) zu einer zweiten Wand des Verteilers (15; 20) erstreckt, wobei jede der Vielzahl von Rippen (36) eine sanft gekrümmte Übergangsfläche (40) beinhaltet; und
    Einsetzen einer Gussplatte (12; 26), die einen Luftstromdurchgang (44) zwischen zwei der Vielzahl von Rippen (36) definiert, um die Platten (12; 26) innerhalb des Übergangsbereichs (16; 22) zu halten und eine sanft gekrümmte Übergangsfläche (40) in den Luftstromdurchgang (44) zu definieren, wobei die Platte (12; 26) ein einheitliches Teil ohne Verbindungen definiert, wobei die Vielzahl von Rippen (36) einen Stützabschnitt (42) beinhaltet, der den Luftstromdurchgang (44) stützt, wobei die Platte (12; 26) gegen den Stützabschnitt (42) der Vielzahl von Rippen (36) stößt, um die sanft gekrümmte Übergangsfläche (40) durch den Luftstromdurchgang (44) fortzusetzen.
  7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, beinhaltend Einsetzen einer Dichtung (50) zwischen einem Ende der Platte (12; 26) und mindestens zwei Rippen (36).
  8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, wobei der Verteiler (15; 20) einen Einlaufverteiler (15) und einen Auslaufverteiler (20) umfasst und das Verfahren Einsetzen der Platte (12; 26) sowohl in den Einlaufverteiler (15), um eine Einlaufübergangsfläche (40) in den Luftstromdurchgang (44) zu definieren, als auch in den Auslaufverteiler (20), um eine Auslaufübergangsfläche für aus dem Luftstromdurchgang (44) austretenden Luftstrom (32) zu definieren, beinhaltet.
EP18209929.1A 2017-12-01 2018-12-03 Wärmetauschereinlauf Active EP3499170B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201762593402P 2017-12-01 2017-12-01

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3499170A1 EP3499170A1 (de) 2019-06-19
EP3499170B1 true EP3499170B1 (de) 2023-08-09

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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EP (1) EP3499170B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108592663B (zh) * 2018-02-12 2020-02-21 深圳易信科技股份有限公司 一种气液热交换装置
US11079181B2 (en) 2018-05-03 2021-08-03 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Cast plate heat exchanger with tapered walls
US10845132B2 (en) * 2018-11-05 2020-11-24 Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation Additively manufactured fin slots for thermal growth
US20210148638A1 (en) 2019-11-15 2021-05-20 United Technologies Corporation Aircraft Heat Exchanger Assembly
US11448132B2 (en) 2020-01-03 2022-09-20 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Aircraft bypass duct heat exchanger
US11378341B2 (en) 2020-01-03 2022-07-05 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Gas turbine engine heat exchanger for annular flowpaths
EP3892949A3 (de) 2020-01-03 2021-11-17 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Wärmetauscher und -platten für flugzeuge
EP3899400B1 (de) 2020-01-03 2024-03-06 RTX Corporation Wärmetauscher einer gasturbine
US11674758B2 (en) 2020-01-19 2023-06-13 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Aircraft heat exchangers and plates
US11525637B2 (en) 2020-01-19 2022-12-13 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Aircraft heat exchanger finned plate manufacture
WO2021146674A1 (en) 2020-01-19 2021-07-22 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Aircraft heat exchanger
US11585273B2 (en) 2020-01-20 2023-02-21 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Aircraft heat exchangers
US11585605B2 (en) 2020-02-07 2023-02-21 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Aircraft heat exchanger panel attachment
US11454451B2 (en) 2020-10-23 2022-09-27 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Tube bank heat exchanger
US11940232B2 (en) * 2021-04-06 2024-03-26 General Electric Company Heat exchangers including partial height fins having at least partially free terminal edges
US11892250B2 (en) 2021-05-14 2024-02-06 Rtx Corporation Heat exchanger tube support
US11859910B2 (en) 2021-05-14 2024-01-02 Rtx Corporation Heat exchanger tube support
EP4306786A3 (de) 2022-07-15 2024-04-03 RTX Corporation Wärmetauscher für flugzeuge

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004012358A1 (de) * 2004-03-13 2005-09-29 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag Wärmetauscher, insbesondere Ladeluftkühler für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE202004011489U1 (de) * 2004-07-20 2005-12-08 Autokühler GmbH & Co. KG Wärmeaustauscher für Hochtemperatur-Anwendungen, insbesondere Ladeluftkühler
CA2503424A1 (en) * 2005-04-01 2006-10-01 Dana Canada Corporation Stacked-tube heat exchanger
CN104110997A (zh) * 2013-04-22 2014-10-22 卡特彼勒公司 热交换器的芯体装置以及具有该芯体装置的热交换器

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US20190170455A1 (en) 2019-06-06

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