EP3494239B1 - Method for operating an annealing furnace for annealing a metal strip - Google Patents

Method for operating an annealing furnace for annealing a metal strip Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3494239B1
EP3494239B1 EP17745739.7A EP17745739A EP3494239B1 EP 3494239 B1 EP3494239 B1 EP 3494239B1 EP 17745739 A EP17745739 A EP 17745739A EP 3494239 B1 EP3494239 B1 EP 3494239B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal strip
strip
annealing furnace
temperature distribution
data
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EP17745739.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3494239A1 (en
Inventor
Ulrich Sommers
Lutz Kümmel
Carsten Andreas Klein
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SMS Group GmbH
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SMS Group GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54—Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0003—Monitoring the temperature or a characteristic of the charge and using it as a controlling value
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0028—Regulation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating an annealing furnace for annealing a metal strip.
  • German laid-open publication discloses DE 10 2013 225 579 A1 a method for controlling an annealing furnace for metal material in a production line.
  • the production line comprises an annealing furnace and at least one measuring device which is suitable for detecting at least one material property of the strip material to be treated in the production line.
  • the annealing furnace and the measuring device work together in a control loop of an automated process control.
  • the published patent teaches that the measuring device is arranged behind the annealing furnace in the material processing direction and records a measured value online which represents a mechanical material property of the strip material. This measured value is then transmitted to the control unit.
  • the European patent application EP 2 557 183 A1 and the European patent specification EP 2 742 158 B1 disclose a method for operating a continuous annealing mill for processing a rolled material, in particular a metallic strip.
  • the method provides that at least one property of the rolling stock related to at least one point or at least a section of the rolling stock is fed as an input variable to a computer-aided model.
  • the point or section in question is located in front of or in the continuous glow.
  • at least one material property of the rolling stock is simulated based on the input variable according to the continuous annealing process.
  • the simulated material property is compared with a specified target value. If the simulated material properties deviate from the target value, at least one Process variable, for example the temperature, as long as the at least one point or section of the rolling stock is in front of or in the continuous annealing.
  • a method for operating an annealing furnace is based on the problem that a metal strip of a certain steel grade typically undergoes fluctuations in its material properties over its strip length when passing through preliminary processes. These fluctuations also affect the annealed strip.
  • the European patent application EP 2 287 345 A1 discloses a method for operating an annealing furnace for annealing a metal strip, comprising the following steps: specifying a target temperature distribution for the metal strip over its strip length; and regulating the actual temperature distribution for the metal strip over its strip length to the predetermined target temperature distribution in the annealing furnace.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an alternative method for specifying a target temperature distribution for temperature control in an annealing furnace in order to largely eliminate the said fluctuations in the material properties of an annealed metal strip.
  • the subject of the method according to the invention is a known control for the temperature distribution of a metal strip using an annealing furnace.
  • the claimed specification of the target temperature distribution provides the following sub-steps according to the invention: Specification of strip data in the form of at least the steel grade and the thickness of the metal strip to be annealed at the entrance to the annealing furnace.
  • the strip data is at least the steel grade and the thickness of the metal strip at the entrance to the annealing furnace, preferably also its chemical composition.
  • preliminary process data can also be used to select the distribution of the actual material properties of the metal strip over its length.
  • the distribution of the actual material properties selected in this way reflects reality better than the selection of the actual material properties without taking the pre-process data into account. Due to the more precise distribution of the actual material property, the assigned target temperature distribution for the metal strip can also be selected more realistically. This in turn enables an even better selection and design of the target temperature distribution to compensate for the fluctuations in the material properties of the strip.
  • the selection process for the distribution of the actual material properties can be represented even more realistically if, in addition to the strip data - and optionally also in addition to the pre-process data - also measurement data about the material properties of the strip for selecting the distribution of the actual material properties of the metal strip be used.
  • predefined distributions of the actual material properties of the metal strip for. B. are stored in a database.
  • the previously mentioned exemplary embodiments aimed to make the best or most realistic selection from the stored distributions of the actual material properties of the metal strip.
  • the stored distributions of the actual material properties of the metal strip do not yet sufficiently reflect reality, then according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention there is also the possibility of specifically targeting the stored distribution of the actual material properties for use by subsequent strips to the properties of the currently annealed one Adapting the metal strip.
  • the adaptation takes place on the basis of the strip data and the process data from the furnace as well as taking into account the measurement data on the material properties of the strip that is currently annealed, between the exit of the annealing furnace and the entrance to the rolling stand (M2) and / or at the exit of a stretching device (M3) can be measured.
  • the distribution of the actual material properties adapted in this way can then be used for subsequent belts, which are considered to be similar according to a suitable criterion.
  • the target temperature distribution to be specified for the control is then selected on the basis of the adapted profile of the actual material properties of the metal strip on the basis of a corresponding / predetermined assignment.
  • the adaptation can also take into account preprocessing data, the degree of skin pass of the metal strip as it passes through the rolling stand downstream of the annealing furnace, the degree of stretch of the metal strip as it passes through the stretching device, the measured actual material properties of the metal strip at the entrance to the annealing furnace and / or below take into account the measured material properties of the metal strip after it has entered the annealing furnace.
  • the control circuit comprises a measuring device 110 for measuring the actual temperature distribution of the metal strip over its strip length, preferably in the annealing furnace.
  • the actual temperature distribution T actual resulting from the measurement is compared in a comparator device 120 with a predetermined target temperature distribution T target of the metal strip 200 over its length.
  • a control deviation e possibly resulting from the comparison or the formation of the difference is fed to a controller 130 as an input variable.
  • the controller 130 calculates an actuating signal T Stell for a heating device in the annealing furnace, which, in terms of control technology, serves as an actuator for adjusting the temperature distribution in the metal strip. In this way, the temperature distribution of the metal strip to the predetermined Target temperature distribution T target regulated.
  • the temperature control 100 and in particular the measuring device 110 are in fact Figure 1 drawn outside the annealing furnace; however, they can of course also be arranged inside the annealing furnace.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the method according to the invention for determining a suitable target temperature distribution for the metal strip over its length as input variables for the temperature control of the annealing furnace according to Figure 1 .
  • Figure 2 illustrates the determination of the target temperature distribution according to a first variant; a second variant is described below with reference to Figure 3 described. First, however, the second variant is according to Figure 2 described.
  • this second variant provides that strip data of the metal strip 200 to be annealed are initially specified.
  • the strip data is at least its steel grade and its thickness at the entrance to the annealing furnace, and preferably also its chemical composition.
  • the selection of a distribution of the actual material properties of the strip 200 as realistic as possible over its strip length before it enters the annealing furnace from a plurality of stored actual material properties is initially only based on the strip data.
  • the desired temperature distribution for the metal strip over its strip length that is assigned to the previously selected actual material property of the metal strip is subsequently selected or determined.
  • the target temperature distribution T target thus selected for the metal strip serves as an input variable or target value specification for the temperature control Figure 1 .
  • preprocessing data are also used to select the distribution of the actual material properties of the metal strip. This is particularly useful if the metal strip was subjected to at least one of the following preliminary processes before it entered the annealing furnace. In the preprocesses, it can e.g. B. hot rolling of the metal strip in a hot strip mill and / or the pickling of the metal strip after hot rolling and / or the cold rolling of the metal strip after pickling.
  • the pre-process data that is also taken into account can be, for example: the temperature profile of the metal strip in the hot strip mill, the speed profile of the metal strip in the pickling line, the profile of the force in the stretcher, the thickness of the metal strip at the entrance and exit of the Hot strip mill and / or by the degree of reduction, for example the degree of cold rolling of the metal strip during cold rolling.
  • the measurement data are measurement data that are measured on the metal strip 200.
  • the claimed method comprises a calculation step in order to select the most suitable profile of the actual material properties of the metal strip over its length from the strip data and optionally also taking into account the pre-process data and / or the measurement data.
  • the calculation rule according to the invention can be designed, on the one hand, to make a decision for a specific stored actual material property distribution of the metal strip over a strip length on the basis of the data mentioned.
  • the calculation algorithm according to the invention can also be designed to provide a corresponding actual material property distribution of the metal strip over its strip length from the input data mentioned, ie the strip data and optionally with additional consideration of the pre-process data and optionally with additional consideration of the measurement data, a very realistic mapping of the distribution of the actual To currently calculate the material properties of the metal strip over its strip length.
  • Figure 3 shows a second variant for determining the most realistic possible distributions of the actual material properties of the metal strip.
  • this second variant provides that the stored distributions of the actual material properties of the metal strip are adapted prior to their selection for the assignment of the target temperature distribution to adapted courses for the actual material properties of the metal strip.
  • the adaptation takes place on the basis of the strip data and the process data from the furnace as well as taking into account the measurement data on the material properties of the metal strip, which were measured between the exit of the annealing furnace and the entrance to the mill stand at measuring point M2.
  • the data measured at the measuring point M3 ie the data measured at the output of the stretching device, can also be used about the material properties of the metal strip can be used for the adaptation of the stored distributions of the actual material properties for subsequent metal strips.
  • the target temperature distribution to be specified for the control is then selected on the basis of the adapted profile of the actual material properties.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Glühofens zum Glühen eines Metallbandes.The invention relates to a method for operating an annealing furnace for annealing a metal strip.

Derartige Verfahren sind im Stand der Technik grundsätzlich bekannt.Such methods are basically known in the prior art.

So offenbart die deutsche Offenlegungsschrift DE 10 2013 225 579 A1 ein Verfahren zur Steuerung bzw. Regelung eines Glühofens für Metallmaterial in einer Fertigungsstraße. Die Fertigungsstraße umfasst einen Glühofen und mindestens ein Messgerät, welches geeignet ist, mindestens eine Werkstoffeigenschaft des in der Fertigungsstraße zu behandelnden Bandmaterials zu erfassen. Der Glühofen und das Messgerät wirken in einem Regelkreis einer automatisierten Prozesssteuerung zusammen. Konkret lehrt die Offenlegungsschrift, dass das Messgerät in Materialbearbeitungsrichtung hinter dem Glühofen angeordnet ist und online einen Messwert erfasst, welcher eine mechanische Werkstoffeigenschaft des Bandmaterials repräsentiert. Dieser Messwert wird dann nachfolgend an die Regelungseinheit übermittelt.So the German laid-open publication discloses DE 10 2013 225 579 A1 a method for controlling an annealing furnace for metal material in a production line. The production line comprises an annealing furnace and at least one measuring device which is suitable for detecting at least one material property of the strip material to be treated in the production line. The annealing furnace and the measuring device work together in a control loop of an automated process control. Specifically, the published patent teaches that the measuring device is arranged behind the annealing furnace in the material processing direction and records a measured value online which represents a mechanical material property of the strip material. This measured value is then transmitted to the control unit.

Die europäische Patentanmeldung EP 2 557 183 A1 und die europäische Patentschrift EP 2 742 158 B1 offenbaren ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Konti-Glühe für die Verarbeitung eines Walzgutes, insbesondere eines metallischen Bandes. Das Verfahren sieht vor, dass mindestens eine Eigenschaft des Walzgutes bezogen auf mindestens einen Punkt oder mindestens einen Abschnitt des Walzgutes als Eingangsgröße einem computergestützten Modell zugeführt wird. Der besagte Punkt oder Abschnitt befindet sich dabei vor oder in der Konti-Glühe. Mit Hilfe des computergestützten Modells wird auf Basis der Eingangsgröße mindestens eine Materialeigenschaft des Walzgutes nach dem Konti-Glühe-Prozess simuliert. Die simulierte Materialeigenschaft wird mit einem vorgegebenen Sollwert verglichen. Bei Abweichungen der simulierten Materialeigenschaft vom Sollwert wird mindestens eine Prozessgröße, beispielsweise die Temperatur geregelt, solange sich der mindestens eine Punkt oder Abschnitt des Walzgutes vor oder in der Konti-Glühe befindet.The European patent application EP 2 557 183 A1 and the European patent specification EP 2 742 158 B1 disclose a method for operating a continuous annealing mill for processing a rolled material, in particular a metallic strip. The method provides that at least one property of the rolling stock related to at least one point or at least a section of the rolling stock is fed as an input variable to a computer-aided model. The point or section in question is located in front of or in the continuous glow. With the help of the computer-aided model, at least one material property of the rolling stock is simulated based on the input variable according to the continuous annealing process. The simulated material property is compared with a specified target value. If the simulated material properties deviate from the target value, at least one Process variable, for example the temperature, as long as the at least one point or section of the rolling stock is in front of or in the continuous annealing.

Allgemein liegt einem Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Glühofens das Problem zugrunde, dass ein Metallband einer bestimmten Stahlgüte beim Durchlaufen von Vorprozessen typischerweise Schwankungen in seiner Materialeigenschaft über seiner Bandlänge erfährt. Diese Schwankungen wirken sich auch auf das geglühte Band aus.In general, a method for operating an annealing furnace is based on the problem that a metal strip of a certain steel grade typically undergoes fluctuations in its material properties over its strip length when passing through preliminary processes. These fluctuations also affect the annealed strip.

Die europäische Patentanmeldung EP 2 287 345 A1 offenbart ein Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Glühofens zum Glühen eines Metallbandes, aufweisend folgende Schritte: Vorgeben einer Soll-Temperaturverteilung für das Metallband über seiner Bandlänge; und Regeln der Ist-Temperaturverteilung für das Metallband über seiner Bandlänge auf die vorgegebene Soll-Temperaturverteilung in dem Glühofen.The European patent application EP 2 287 345 A1 discloses a method for operating an annealing furnace for annealing a metal strip, comprising the following steps: specifying a target temperature distribution for the metal strip over its strip length; and regulating the actual temperature distribution for the metal strip over its strip length to the predetermined target temperature distribution in the annealing furnace.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein alternatives Verfahren zum Vorgeben einer Soll-Temperaturverteilung für eine Temperatur-Regelung in einem Glühofen bereitzustellen, um die besagten Schwankungen in der Materialeigenschaft eines geglühten Metallbandes nach Möglichkeit weitgehend zu eliminieren.Based on this prior art, the invention has for its object to provide an alternative method for specifying a target temperature distribution for temperature control in an annealing furnace in order to largely eliminate the said fluctuations in the material properties of an annealed metal strip.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch das in Patentanspruch 1 beanspruchte Verfahren gelöst. Gegenstand des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist eine an sich bekannte Regelung für die Temperaturverteilung eines Metallbandes mit Hilfe eines Glühofens. Konkret sieht das beanspruchte Vorgeben der Soll-Temperaturverteilung erfindungsgemäß folgende Teilschritte vor:
Vorgeben von Banddaten in Form von mindestens der Stahlgüte und der Dicke des zu glühenden Metallbandes am Eingang des Glühofens. Anhand der Banddaten: Auswählen einer Verteilung der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes über seiner Bandlänge vor seinem Eintritt in den Glühofen aus einer Mehrzahl von hinterlegten oder adaptierten Ist-Materialeigenschaften; und Auswählen der für die Regelung vorzugebenden Soll-Temperaturverteilung für das Metallband über seiner Bandlänge als die der ausgewählten Ist-Materialeigenschaft des Metallbandes zugeordneten Soll-Temperaturverteilung für das Metallband.This object is achieved by the method claimed in claim 1. The subject of the method according to the invention is a known control for the temperature distribution of a metal strip using an annealing furnace. Specifically, the claimed specification of the target temperature distribution provides the following sub-steps according to the invention:
Specification of strip data in the form of at least the steel grade and the thickness of the metal strip to be annealed at the entrance to the annealing furnace. On the basis of the strip data: selection of a distribution of the actual material properties of the metal strip over its strip length before it enters the annealing furnace from a plurality of stored or adapted actual material properties; and selecting the target temperature distribution to be specified for the control for the metal strip above its Strip length as the target temperature distribution for the metal strip assigned to the selected actual material property of the metal strip.

Bei den Banddaten handelt es sich zumindest um die Stahlgüte und die Dicke des Metallbandes am Eingang des Glühofens, vorzugsweise zusätzlich um dessen chemische Zusammensetzung.The strip data is at least the steel grade and the thickness of the metal strip at the entrance to the annealing furnace, preferably also its chemical composition.

Durch die Auswahl der vorzugebenden Soll-Temperaturverteilung für die Temperaturregelung im Glühofen wird vorteilhafterweise erreicht, dass die besagten Schwankungen der mechanischen Eigenschaft des Metallbandes über seiner Länge vorteilhafterweise bereits deutlich reduziert werden können.By selecting the desired temperature distribution to be specified for the temperature control in the annealing furnace, it is advantageously achieved that said fluctuations in the mechanical property of the metal strip can advantageously be significantly reduced over its length.

Gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel können - wenn das Metallband vor seinem Eintritt in den Glühofen einem Vorprozess unterzogen wurde - zusätzlich zu den Banddaten auch Vorprozessdaten zum Auswählen der Verteilung der Ist-Materialeigenschaft des Metallbandes über seine Länge herangezogen werden. Die so ausgewählte Verteilung der Ist-Materialeigenschaft bildet die Realität besser ab als die Auswahl der Ist-Materialeigenschaften ohne Berücksichtigung der Vorprozessdaten. Aufgrund der genaueren Verteilung der Ist-Materialeigenschaft kann auch die zugeordnete Soll-Temperaturverteilung für das Metallband realistischer ausgewählt werden. Damit wiederum ist eine noch bessere Auswahl und Gestaltung der Soll-Temperaturverteilung möglich zum Ausgleich der Schwankungen der Materialeigenschaften des Bandes.According to one embodiment, if the metal strip was subjected to a preliminary process before it entered the annealing furnace, in addition to the strip data, preliminary process data can also be used to select the distribution of the actual material properties of the metal strip over its length. The distribution of the actual material properties selected in this way reflects reality better than the selection of the actual material properties without taking the pre-process data into account. Due to the more precise distribution of the actual material property, the assigned target temperature distribution for the metal strip can also be selected more realistically. This in turn enables an even better selection and design of the target temperature distribution to compensate for the fluctuations in the material properties of the strip.

Gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel lässt sich der Auswahlprozess für die Verteilung der Ist-Materialeigenschaften noch realistischer abbilden, wenn zusätzlich zu den Banddaten - sowie optional auch zusätzlich zu den Vorprozessdaten - auch Messdaten über die Materialeigenschaften des Bandes zum Auswählen der Verteilung der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes herangezogen werden.According to a further exemplary embodiment, the selection process for the distribution of the actual material properties can be represented even more realistically if, in addition to the strip data - and optionally also in addition to the pre-process data - also measurement data about the material properties of the strip for selecting the distribution of the actual material properties of the metal strip be used.

Bei den bisher diskutierten Ausführungsbeispielen wurde unterstellt, dass jeweils vordefinierte Verteilungen der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes z. B. in einer Datenbank hinterlegt sind. Die bisher erwähnten Ausführungsbeispiele zielten darauf ab, die beste bzw. realistischste Auswahl aus den hinterlegten Verteilungen der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes zu treffen. Sollten die hinterlegten Verteilungen der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes jedoch die Realität noch nicht genau genug abbilden, so besteht gemäß einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung auch die Möglichkeit, die hinterlegte Verteilung der Ist-Materialeigenschaften zur Nutzung für nachfolgende Bänder gezielt an die Eigenschaft des aktuell geglühten Metallbandes zu adaptieren. Dabei erfolgt die Adaption anhand der Banddaten und der Prozessdaten aus dem Ofen sowie unter zusätzlicher Berücksichtigung der Messdaten über die Materialeigenschaften des aktuell geglühten Bandes, die zwischen dem Ausgang des Glühofens und dem Eingang in das Walzgerüst (M2) und/oder die am Ausgang einer Streckeinrichtung (M3) gemessen werden. Die solcherart adaptierte Verteilung der Ist-Materialeigenschaften kann dann für nachfolgende Bänder, die nach einem geeigneten Kriterium als ähnlich gelten, verwendet werden.In the exemplary embodiments discussed so far, it has been assumed that predefined distributions of the actual material properties of the metal strip, for. B. are stored in a database. The previously mentioned exemplary embodiments aimed to make the best or most realistic selection from the stored distributions of the actual material properties of the metal strip. However, if the stored distributions of the actual material properties of the metal strip do not yet sufficiently reflect reality, then according to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention there is also the possibility of specifically targeting the stored distribution of the actual material properties for use by subsequent strips to the properties of the currently annealed one Adapting the metal strip. The adaptation takes place on the basis of the strip data and the process data from the furnace as well as taking into account the measurement data on the material properties of the strip that is currently annealed, between the exit of the annealing furnace and the entrance to the rolling stand (M2) and / or at the exit of a stretching device (M3) can be measured. The distribution of the actual material properties adapted in this way can then be used for subsequent belts, which are considered to be similar according to a suitable criterion.

Die Auswahl der für die Regelung vorzugebenden Soll-Temperaturverteilung erfolgt dann auf Basis des adaptierten Verlaufs der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes aufgrund einer entsprechenden/vorgegebenen Zuordnung.The target temperature distribution to be specified for the control is then selected on the basis of the adapted profile of the actual material properties of the metal strip on the basis of a corresponding / predetermined assignment.

Zusätzlich zu den besagten Daten kann die Adaption auch unter zusätzlicher Berücksichtigung von Vorprozessdaten, des Dressiergrades des Metallbandes beim Durchlaufen des dem Glühofen nachgeschalteten Walzgerüstes, des Streckgrades des Metallbandes beim Durchlaufen der Streckeinrichtung der gemessenen Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes am Eingang des Glühofens und/oder unter zusätzlicher Berücksichtigung der gemessenen Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes nach seinem Eintritt in den Glühofen erfolgen.In addition to the said data, the adaptation can also take into account preprocessing data, the degree of skin pass of the metal strip as it passes through the rolling stand downstream of the annealing furnace, the degree of stretch of the metal strip as it passes through the stretching device, the measured actual material properties of the metal strip at the entrance to the annealing furnace and / or below take into account the measured material properties of the metal strip after it has entered the annealing furnace.

Weitere Ausführungsbeispiele des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.Further exemplary embodiments of the method according to the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Der Beschreibung sind drei Figuren beigefügt, wobeiThe description is accompanied by three figures

Figur 1
einen klassischen Regelkreis für die Temperaturverteilung in einem Glühofen;
Figur 2
die erfindungsgemäße Ermittlung einer Soll-Temperaturverteilung für die Temperaturregelung nach Figur 1 gemäß einer ersten Variante; und
Figur 3
die Ermittlung einer Soll-Temperaturverteilung für die Temperaturregelung nach Figur 1 gemäß einer zweiten Variante
zeigt.
Figure 1
a classic control circuit for the temperature distribution in an annealing furnace;
Figure 2
the determination of a target temperature distribution for temperature control according to the invention Figure 1 according to a first variant; and
Figure 3
the determination of a target temperature distribution for the temperature control after Figure 1 according to a second variant
shows.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend unter Bezugnahme auf die genannten Figuren in Form von Ausführungsbeispielen detailliert beschrieben. In allen Figuren bezeichnet der Großbuchstabe T nicht nur einen singulären Temperaturwert, sondern vielmehr eine Temperaturverteilung für das Metallband 200, nachfolgend auch nur kurz Band genannt, über seiner Länge.The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures mentioned in the form of exemplary embodiments. In all of the figures, the capital letter T not only denotes a singular temperature value, but rather a temperature distribution for the metal strip 200, hereinafter also referred to only briefly as a strip, over its length.

Konkret umfasst der Regelkreis eine Messeinrichtung 110 zum Messen der Ist-Temperaturverteilung des Metallbandes über seiner Bandlänge vorzugsweise in dem Glühofen. Die aus der Messung resultierende Ist-Temperaturverteilung TIst wird in einer Vergleichereinrichtung 120 mit einer vorgegebenen Soll-Temperaturverteilung TSoll des Metallbandes 200 über seiner Länge verglichen. Eine aus dem Vergleich bzw. der Differenzbildung eventuell resultierende Regelabweichung e wird als Eingangsgröße einem Regler 130 zugeführt. Der Regler 130 berechnet auf Basis der Regelabweichung e ein Stellsignal TStell für eine Heizeinrichtung in dem Glühofen, der regelungstechnisch gesprochen als Stellglied zur Einstellung der Temperaturverteilung bei dem Metallband dient. Auf diese Weise wird die Temperaturverteilung des Metallbandes auf die vorgegebene Soll-Temperaturverteilung TSoll geregelt. Die Temperaturregelung 100 und insbesondere die Messeinrichtung 110 sind zwar in Figur 1 außerhalb des Glühofens gezeichnet; sie können jedoch selbstverständlich auch innerhalb des Glühofens angeordnet sein.Specifically, the control circuit comprises a measuring device 110 for measuring the actual temperature distribution of the metal strip over its strip length, preferably in the annealing furnace. The actual temperature distribution T actual resulting from the measurement is compared in a comparator device 120 with a predetermined target temperature distribution T target of the metal strip 200 over its length. A control deviation e possibly resulting from the comparison or the formation of the difference is fed to a controller 130 as an input variable. Based on the control deviation e, the controller 130 calculates an actuating signal T Stell for a heating device in the annealing furnace, which, in terms of control technology, serves as an actuator for adjusting the temperature distribution in the metal strip. In this way, the temperature distribution of the metal strip to the predetermined Target temperature distribution T target regulated. The temperature control 100 and in particular the measuring device 110 are in fact Figure 1 drawn outside the annealing furnace; however, they can of course also be arranged inside the annealing furnace.

Figur 2 veranschaulicht das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer geeigneten Soll-Temperaturverteilung für das Metallband über seiner Länge als Eingangsgrößen für die Temperaturregelung des Glühofens gemäß Figur 1. Figur 2 veranschaulicht die Ermittlung der Soll-Temperaturverteilung gemäß einer ersten Variante; eine zweite Variante wird weiter unten unter Bezugnahme auf Figur 3 beschrieben. Zunächst wird jedoch die zweite Variante gemäß Figur 2 beschrieben. Figure 2 illustrates the method according to the invention for determining a suitable target temperature distribution for the metal strip over its length as input variables for the temperature control of the annealing furnace according to Figure 1 . Figure 2 illustrates the determination of the target temperature distribution according to a first variant; a second variant is described below with reference to Figure 3 described. First, however, the second variant is according to Figure 2 described.

Diese zweite Variante sieht in einer minimalen Konfiguration vor, dass zunächst Banddaten des zu glühenden Metallbandes 200 vorgegeben werden. Bei den Banddaten handelt es sich zumindest um dessen Stahlgüte und seine Dicke am Eingang des Glühofens sowie vorzugsweise zusätzlich um dessen chemische Zusammensetzung. In der besagten Minimalkonfiguration erfolgt nachfolgend die Auswahl von einer möglichst realitätsnahen Verteilung der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Bandes 200 über seiner Bandlänge vor seinem Eintreten in den Glühofen aus einer Mehrzahl von hinterlegten Ist-Materialeigenschaften zunächst nur anhand der Banddaten. Nachfolgend wird diejenige Soll-Temperaturverteilung für das Metallband über seiner Bandlänge ausgewählt bzw. bestimmt, die der zuvor ausgewählten Ist-Materialeigenschaft des Metallbandes zugeordnet ist. Die so ausgewählte Soll-Temperaturverteilung TSoll für das Metallband dient als Eingangsgröße bzw. Sollwertvorgabe für die Temperaturregelung nach Figur 1.In a minimal configuration, this second variant provides that strip data of the metal strip 200 to be annealed are initially specified. The strip data is at least its steel grade and its thickness at the entrance to the annealing furnace, and preferably also its chemical composition. In the said minimal configuration, the selection of a distribution of the actual material properties of the strip 200 as realistic as possible over its strip length before it enters the annealing furnace from a plurality of stored actual material properties is initially only based on the strip data. The desired temperature distribution for the metal strip over its strip length that is assigned to the previously selected actual material property of the metal strip is subsequently selected or determined. The target temperature distribution T target thus selected for the metal strip serves as an input variable or target value specification for the temperature control Figure 1 .

Wenn die Auswahl der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes lediglich auf Basis der Banddaten erfolgt, so ist diese Auswahl zunächst noch recht ungenau, denn die Banddaten allein ermöglichen lediglich eine rudimentäre Aussage über die tatsächlichen Ist-Materialeigenschaften des zu glühenden Bandes.If the selection of the actual material properties of the metal strip is only based on the strip data, this selection is initially still very imprecise, because the strip data alone only allow a rudimentary statement about the actual actual material properties of the strip to be annealed.

Genauer bzw. realitätsnäher wird diese Auswahl, wenn zusätzlich zu den Banddaten auch Vorprozessdaten zum Auswählen der Verteilung der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes herangezogen werden. Dies ist insbesondere dann sinnvoll, wenn das Metallband vor seinem Eintritt in den Glühofen zumindest einem der folgenden Vorprozesse unterzogen wurde. Bei den Vorprozessen kann es sich z. B. um das Warmwalzen des Metallbandes in einer Warmbandstraße und/oder das Beizen des Metallbandes nach dem Warmwalzen und/oder um das Kaltwalzen des Metallbandes nach dem Beizen handeln. Je nach durchlaufenem Vorprozess kann es sich dann bei den zusätzlich berücksichtigten Vorprozessdaten beispielsweise handeln um: den Temperaturverlauf des Metallbandes in der Warmbandstraße, den Geschwindigkeitsverlauf des Metallbandes in der Beize, den Verlauf der Kraft im Streckrichter, die Dicken des Metallbandes am Eingang und am Ausgang der Warmbandstraße und/oder um den Reduktionsgrad, beispielsweise den Kaltwalzgrad des Metallbandes beim Kaltwalzen.This selection becomes more precise or more realistic if, in addition to the strip data, preprocessing data are also used to select the distribution of the actual material properties of the metal strip. This is particularly useful if the metal strip was subjected to at least one of the following preliminary processes before it entered the annealing furnace. In the preprocesses, it can e.g. B. hot rolling of the metal strip in a hot strip mill and / or the pickling of the metal strip after hot rolling and / or the cold rolling of the metal strip after pickling. Depending on the pre-process that has been carried out, the pre-process data that is also taken into account can be, for example: the temperature profile of the metal strip in the hot strip mill, the speed profile of the metal strip in the pickling line, the profile of the force in the stretcher, the thickness of the metal strip at the entrance and exit of the Hot strip mill and / or by the degree of reduction, for example the degree of cold rolling of the metal strip during cold rolling.

Eine noch realistischere Aussage über die tatsächliche Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes wird erhalten, wenn zusätzlich zu den Banddaten - sowie optional auch zusätzlich zu den Vorprozessdaten - auch Messdaten über die Materialeigenschaft des Bandes zum Auswählen der Verteilung der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes herangezogen werden. Bei den Messdaten handelt es sich um Messdaten, die an dem Metallband 200 gemessen werden. Sie können gemessen werden vor dem Eintritt des Metallbandes in den Glühofen, in Figur 2 symbolisiert durch die Messstelle M0, nach dem Eintritt des Metallbandes in den Glühofen, in Figur 2 symbolisiert durch die Messstelle M1, nach dem Verlassen des Glühofens und dann vorzugsweise vor seinem Eintritt in ein dem Glühofen nachgeordnetes Walzgerüst, insbesondere Dressiergerüst (Messstelle M2) und/oder nach dem Verlassen einer dem Walzgerüst nachgeordneten Streckeinrichtung (Messstelle M3 in Figur 2).An even more realistic statement about the actual actual material properties of the metal strip is obtained if, in addition to the strip data - and optionally also in addition to the pre-process data - measurement data about the material properties of the strip are used to select the distribution of the actual material properties of the metal strip. The measurement data are measurement data that are measured on the metal strip 200. They can be measured before the metal strip enters the annealing furnace Figure 2 symbolized by measuring point M0, after the metal strip has entered the annealing furnace, in Figure 2 symbolized by the measuring point M1, after leaving the annealing furnace and then preferably before it enters a rolling stand, in particular a skin pass mill, arranged after the annealing furnace (Measuring point M2) and / or after leaving a stretching device downstream of the roll stand (measuring point M3 in Figure 2 ).

Wie in Figur 2 zu erkennen ist, umfasst das beanspruchte Verfahren einen Berechnungsschritt, um aus den Banddaten sowie optional unter zusätzlicher Berücksichtigung der Vorprozessdaten und/oder der Messdaten das am besten geeignetste Profil der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes über seiner Länge auszuwählen. Die erfindungsgemäße Berechnungsvorschrift kann einerseits ausgebildet sein, auf Basis der genannten Daten eine Entscheidung für eine bestimmte hinterlegte Ist-Materialeigenschaft-Verteilung des Metallbandes über einer Bandlänge zu treffen. Alternativ kann der erfindungsgemäße Berechnungsalgorithmus auch ausgebildet sein, eine entsprechende Ist-Materialeigenschaftsverteilung des Metallbandes über seiner Bandlänge aus den genannten Eingangsdaten, d. h. den Banddaten sowie optional unter zusätzlicher Berücksichtigung der Vorprozessdaten sowie optional unter zusätzlicher Berücksichtigung der Messdaten eine sehr realistische Abbildung der Verteilung der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes über seiner Bandlänge jeweils aktuell zu berechnen.As in Figure 2 can be recognized, the claimed method comprises a calculation step in order to select the most suitable profile of the actual material properties of the metal strip over its length from the strip data and optionally also taking into account the pre-process data and / or the measurement data. The calculation rule according to the invention can be designed, on the one hand, to make a decision for a specific stored actual material property distribution of the metal strip over a strip length on the basis of the data mentioned. Alternatively, the calculation algorithm according to the invention can also be designed to provide a corresponding actual material property distribution of the metal strip over its strip length from the input data mentioned, ie the strip data and optionally with additional consideration of the pre-process data and optionally with additional consideration of the measurement data, a very realistic mapping of the distribution of the actual To currently calculate the material properties of the metal strip over its strip length.

Figur 3 zeigt eine zweite Variante zur Ermittlung von möglichst realistischen Verteilungen der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes. Konkret sieht diese zweite Variante vor, dass die hinterlegten Verteilungen der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes vor ihrer Auswahl für die Zuordnung der Soll-Temperaturverteilung zu adaptierten Verläufen für die Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes adaptiert werden. Die Adaption erfolgt anhand der Banddaten und der Prozessdaten aus dem Ofen sowie unter zusätzlicher Berücksichtigung der Messdaten über die Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes, die zwischen dem Ausgang des Glühofens und dem Eingang in das Walzgerüst an der Messstelle M2 gemessen wurden. Alternativ oder zusätzlich zu den an der Messstelle M2 gewonnenen Messdaten können auch die an der Messstelle M3, d. h. die am Ausgang der Streckeinrichtung gemessenen Daten über die Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes für die Adaption der hinterlegten Verteilungen der Ist-Materialeigenschaft für nachfolgende Metallbänder verwendet werden. Das Auswählen der für die Regelung vorzugebenden Soll-Temperaturverteilung erfolgt dann auf Basis des adaptierten Verlaufes der Ist-Materialeigenschaften. Figure 3 shows a second variant for determining the most realistic possible distributions of the actual material properties of the metal strip. Specifically, this second variant provides that the stored distributions of the actual material properties of the metal strip are adapted prior to their selection for the assignment of the target temperature distribution to adapted courses for the actual material properties of the metal strip. The adaptation takes place on the basis of the strip data and the process data from the furnace as well as taking into account the measurement data on the material properties of the metal strip, which were measured between the exit of the annealing furnace and the entrance to the mill stand at measuring point M2. As an alternative or in addition to the measurement data obtained at the measuring point M2, the data measured at the measuring point M3, ie the data measured at the output of the stretching device, can also be used about the material properties of the metal strip can be used for the adaptation of the stored distributions of the actual material properties for subsequent metal strips. The target temperature distribution to be specified for the control is then selected on the basis of the adapted profile of the actual material properties.

Ein noch realistischeres Abbild der Realität ergibt sich, wenn die Adaption unter zusätzlicher Berücksichtigung der Vorprozessdaten, des Dressiergrades des Metallbandes beim Durchlaufen des dem Glühofen nachgeschalteten Walzgerüstes, des Streckgrades des Metallbandes beim Durchlaufen der Streckeinrichtung, der gemessenen Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes am Eingang des Glühofens und/oder der gemessenen Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes nach dem Eintritt in den Glühofen erfolgt. Für nachfolgende Metallbänder erfolgt die Auswahl der für die Temperaturregelung nach Figur 1 vorzugebenden Soll-Temperaturverteilung TSoll auf Basis des noch verbesserten adaptierten Verlaufs der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes.An even more realistic depiction of reality is obtained if the adaptation takes into account the pre-process data, the degree of skin pass of the metal strip as it passes through the rolling stand downstream of the annealing furnace, the degree of stretch of the metal strip as it passes through the stretching device, and the measured actual material properties of the metal strip at the entrance to the annealing furnace and / or the measured material properties of the metal strip after entering the annealing furnace. For subsequent metal strips, the selection for temperature control follows Figure 1 to be specified target temperature distribution T target on the basis of the even better adapted course of the actual material properties of the metal strip.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

100100
Regelkreis für die Temperaturverteilung in dem GlühofenControl circuit for the temperature distribution in the annealing furnace
110110
Messeinrichtung zur Erfassung der Ist-Temperaturverteilung des Metallbandes über seiner BandlängeMeasuring device for recording the actual temperature distribution of the metal strip over its length
120120
Vergleichereinrichtung, insbesondere DifferenzbildnerComparator device, in particular difference generator
130130
ReglerRegulator
200200
MetallbandMetal strap
ee
RegelabweichungControl deviation
M0M0
Messstelle zur Erfassung der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes über seiner Länge vor seinem Eintritt in den GlühofenMeasuring point for recording the actual material properties of the metal strip over its length before it enters the annealing furnace
M1M1
Messstelle zur Erfassung der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes über seiner Länge nach seinem Eintritt in den GlühofenMeasuring point for recording the actual material properties of the metal strip over its length after it has entered the annealing furnace
M2M2
Messstelle zur Erfassung der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes über seiner Länge nach dem Verlassen des Glühofens vor seinem Eintritt in ein dem Glühofen nachgeordnetes WalzgerüstMeasuring point for recording the actual material properties of the metal strip over its length after leaving the annealing furnace before it enters a rolling stand downstream of the annealing furnace
M3M3
Messstelle zur Erfassung der Ist-Materialeigenschaften des Metallbandes über seiner Bandlänge nach dem Verlassen einer dem Walzgerüst nachgeordneten StreckeinrichtungMeasuring point for recording the actual material properties of the metal strip over its strip length after leaving a stretching device downstream of the roll stand
TIst T is
Verteilung der Ist-Temperatur des Metallbandes über seiner LängeDistribution of the actual temperature of the metal strip over its length
TSoll T target
Soll-Temperaturverteilung des Metallbandes über seiner BandlängeTarget temperature distribution of the metal strip over its length
TStell T Stell
Temperaturverteilung als Stellsignal für den GlühofenTemperature distribution as control signal for the annealing furnace

Claims (6)

  1. Method of operating an annealing furnace for annealing a metal strip (200), comprising the following steps:
    selecting a target temperature distribution (TSoll), which is predetermined for a regulation, for the metal strip over its strip length as a target temperature distribution, which is associated with a selected actual material characteristic of the metal strip (200), for the metal strip;
    predetermining the target temperature distribution (TSoll) for the metal strip over its strip length; and
    regulating the actual temperature distribution (TIst) for the metal strip over its strip length to the predetermined target temperature distribution in the annealing furnace;
    characterised in that the predetermination of the target temperature distribution further comprises the following sub-steps;
    predetermining strip data in the form of at least the steel quality and the thickness of the metal strip (200), which is to be annealed, at the inlet of the annealing furnace;
    on the basis of the strip data: selecting a distribution of the actual material characteristics of the metal strip over its strip length, prior to its entry into the annealing furnace, from a plurality of adapted actual material characteristics; and
    wherein in addition to the strip data also measurement data about the material characteristics of the metal strip (200) for selection of the distribution of the actual material characteristics of the metal strip are utilised, wherein the measurement data are measured at the metal strip (200) before its entry into the annealing furnace (measuring point M0), after its entry into the annealing furnace (M1), after leaving the annealing furnace (M2) and prior to entry into a roll stand, particularly sizing stand, downstream of the annealing furnace, and/or after leaving a stretching/straightening device (M3) downstream of the roll stand, and
    wherein the filed distributions of the actual material characteristics of the metal strip (200) prior to their selection for association with the target temperature distribution are adapted to adapted plots for the actual material characteristics,
    wherein the adaptation is carried out on the basis of the strip data and the process data from the furnace as well as with additional consideration of the measurement data by way of the material characteristics of the metal strip (200), which were measured between the outlet of the annealing furnace and the inlet into the roll stand (measuring point M2) and/or which were measured additionally at the outlet of the stretching device (measuring point M3); and wherein the selection of the target temperature distribution (TSoll) predetermined for the regulation is carried out on the basis of the adapted plot of the actual material characteristics.
  2. Method according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the step of regulating the temperature distribution comprises the following steps:
    measuring the actual temperature distribution (TIst) for the metal strip (200) over its strip length;
    determining a regulating deviation (e) as the difference between the target temperature distribution and the actual temperature distribution; and
    determining a setting temperature distribution (TStell) as a setting signal for a temperature control device of the annealing furnace so that the desired target temperature distribution (TSoll) for the metal strip is achieved over its strip length.
  3. Method according to one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the strip data are additionally the chemical composition thereof.
  4. Method according to any one of the preceding claims
    characterised in that
    the association of the target temperature distribution with the selected distribution of the actual material characteristics of the metal strip (200) is predetermined either on the basis of empirical values or in each instance actually calculated from the material characteristic of the metal strip.
  5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterised in that
    the metal strip (200) prior to its entry into the annealing furnace is subjected to at least one of the following preliminary processes, such as hot rolling in a hot-rolling train and/or pickling after the hot rolling and/or cold rolling after the pickling; and
    in addition to the strip data, preliminary process data for selection of the distribution of the actual material characteristics of the metal strip (200) are also utilised, wherein the preliminary process data is, for example, the temperature plot of the metal strip (200) in the hot strip train, the speed plot of the metal strip (200) in the pickling means, the plot of the force in the stretching/straightening means, the thickness of the metal strip (200) at the inlet and outlet of the hot strip train and/or the degree of reduction, for example, the degree of cold rolling of the metal strip during cold rolling.
  6. Method according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    the adaptation is carried out with additional consideration of the preliminary process data, the degree of sizing of the metal strip (200) when running through the roll stand downstream of the annealing furnace, the degree of stretching of the metal strip when running through the stretching device, the measured actual material characteristics of the metal strip (200) at the inlet of the annealing furnace and/or the measured material characteristics of the metal strip after entry into the annealing furnace.
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