EP3489186B1 - Protective element - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a protective element, in particular a fabric protective hose, for covering textile lashing or slinging means for lifting, tensioning or lashing objects, with at least one fabric layer facing the object and a plastic layer between the fabric layer and the object, with the plastic layer extending into the Fabric layer composed of woven elastomer threads which form outwardly projecting ribs over the fabric layer.

Protective elements are usually used to prevent damage to the lashing or lifting gear. Textile lashing or slinging means for lifting, tensioning or lashing objects are, for example, ropes, belts or straps, in particular plastic straps, which can be subjected to a tensile force, for example using a ratchet or in some other way. In this way, the respective object is held, lifted or transported. Such slings are used, for example, when lifting or moving loads. On the other hand, lashings are used when it comes to holding goods.

A special field of application for lashing devices is load securing on and off vehicles. For example, automobiles on car transporters are held on a loading area by, among other things, guiding the relevant lifting gear over individual tires and tensioning or lashing the tires to the loading area. In this context, the protective element ensures that damage to the textile lashing or lifting means guided through the protective element is avoided in the area of edges.

Irrespective of the protective function of the protective element, this should also ensure that the lashing or slinging device guided through it and in particular the plastic straps used at this point slide with particularly little friction when lashing within the protective element. At this point are in the prior art after the EP 1 791 777 B1 Approaches are known to weave a textile material in the form of high-strength threads into such a protective element on the surface associated with the lashing or slinging means. For this purpose, the high-strength threads are woven into the fabric or fabric layer on the inside in addition to weft threads.

Regardless is through the DE 295 15 832 U1 a protective tube for flat, tape-like materials and in particular for belts, lifting straps or the like has become known. The panels are each formed from a fabric material. In addition, the fabric material is embedded in a polyurethane coating, which is equipped with a surface profile on the outside. The problem with such polyurethane coatings is that they become brittle, tear, crumble from the fabric hose or are otherwise impaired in their function, particularly in rough use and when unfavorable environmental conditions are taken into account.

The generic state of the art according to WO 2014/075085 A2 deals, among other things, with a woven material that has additional ribs. In principle, hose-like protective elements can also be implemented. A woven fabric, among other things, is mentioned as a suitable base material for a layer. The ones in this The ribs provided in connection ultimately serve to increase abrasion resistance. the WO 2014/075085 A2 discloses the preamble of independent claim 1.

The invention is based on the technical problem of further developing a protective element of the structure described at the outset in such a way that the plastic layer can be produced simply and can be implemented with permanent functionality in such a protective element.

To solve this technical problem, a protective element of this type is characterized within the scope of the invention in that two fabric layers coupled to one another in the manner of a hose are provided, which are coupled to one another at the edges.

The invention therefore uses a non-continuous plastic layer or coating as the plastic layer for the outer coating of the fabric layer, which so to speak faces the object. Rather, the plastic layer is formed by the elastomer threads woven into the fabric layer. Since the elastomer threads form outwardly projecting ribs over the fabric layer, i.e. in the direction of the object to be lashed, for example, the elastomer threads practically assume the function of the plastic layer or polyurethane coating as in the generic prior art according to DE 295 15 832 U1 .

The use of elastomer threads in this context also has the advantage that elastomers used at this point, i.e. rubber-elastic plastics, typically in connection with, for example, smooth objects made of metal, wood, etc. that are to be lashed down, have high coefficients of friction or coefficients of friction place. This is especially true if with the protective element in question, for example, tires of automobiles or trucks can be lashed down during transport on a loading area.

For example, coefficients of friction of 0.5 (rubber on steel) to 0.9 and more (rubber on rubber) are obtained according to the invention (static friction). As a result, the protective hose is properly held and secured to the object to be lashed. At the same time, the textile lashing or slinging device guided through the protective element or the protective hose can be tightened properly using a ratchet, for example, because in contrast, significantly lower coefficients of friction are observed inside the protective hose or protective element. This is because friction coefficients of 0.3 to 0.4 can be expected at maximum if the fabric layer facing the object is made up of plastic threads, for example, and this also applies to the plastic strap contained therein as part of the lifting gear.

The invention recommends the use of natural rubber and/or synthetic rubber for the production of the elastomer threads. In particular, polyisoprenes, which can be extruded to corresponding elastomer threads, have proven to be favorable here. In addition, such polyisoprenes can be colored without problems if required. Alternatively or additionally, for example, thermoplastic elastomers such as ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM) but also styrene block polymers (SBS) as well as natural rubber (NR) can be used, which of course applies as an example and is in no way limiting.

According to the invention, two fabric layers combined to form a tube are realized for the production of the protective element. The two layers of fabric are connected to each other like a tube. In addition, a respective piping can be provided at the edge of the two fabric layers. The welt is typically a plastic thread woven into the fabric layers that are coupled to one another.

The respective fabric layers are generally designed as plastic fabric layers because fabrics made from natural threads are generally not suitable for the typical applications under harsh environmental conditions. Plastic threads made of polyester, polyamide, polypropylene or other suitable plastic materials have proven to be particularly favorable here as the basis for the realization of the fabric. Polyester fabrics are usually used at this point.

The elastomer threads used according to the invention are advantageously formed as warp and/or weft threads additionally woven into the fabric layer facing the object. In this context, it is mostly warp threads woven into the fabric layer in question, although weft threads are also fundamentally possible. In addition, it has proven useful in this connection if the elastomer threads form ribs running offset to one another in their respective longitudinal extent.

In this way, the plastic layer between the fabric layer and the object is defined by ribs that are distributed practically uniformly over the entire fabric layer and that each project outwards compared to the fabric layer. This distributed arrangement is primarily explained by the offset arrangement of the elastomer threads. The ribs consequently form a nub-like surface, each consisting of rubber nubs on the surface equipped fabric layer, which is why high coefficients of friction and high slip resistance of the fabric layer in contact with the object is observed.

The questionable high coefficients of friction of the plastic layer realized in this way from the additionally woven elastomer threads are also compared to the prior art according to the DE 295 15 832 U1 higher elasticity, because the elastomer threads can follow practically every movement of the fabric. In addition, embrittlement is possible, but can be controlled without any problems, because this only affects individual ribs and does not change anything in principle in the design of the fabric layer, which basically increases the coefficient of friction. This means that the protective element according to the invention can be used without any problems for years, if not decades, and on the one hand protects the associated textile lashing or slinging means from damage and on the other hand practically provides a sliding base for the lashing and slinging means when the object is fixed or during its lifting movement Disposal. This is where the main advantages can be seen.

For manufacturing reasons and in order to achieve an even distribution of the ribs over the fabric layer, the elastomer threads are generally arranged equidistantly, ie at equal distances from one another. In addition, the invention recommends that the elastomer threads are additionally woven into the fabric layer at least every tenth warp thread. The elastomer threads are preferably woven into the fabric layer in addition to at least every eighth, in particular every sixth or even up to at least every fifth warp thread. This means that every tenth, eighth, sixth or fifth warp thread is additionally equipped with the elastomer thread that is woven in the same way and uses individual common stitches. The elastomer threads can be made with comparable dimensions but also be woven into the fabric layer in addition to at least every tenth weft thread, every eighth, every sixth or even every fifth weft thread. As a rule, however, one works with additionally woven warp threads, i.e. elastomer threads, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the protective element and use individual common stitches of the associated warp thread.

In order to facilitate the manufacturing process, the procedure is that the elastomer threads have a thread thickness corresponding to the weft thread or warp thread, so that the elastomer threads can be woven into the fabric without any problems.

The fabric layer equipped with the elastomer threads also has a sliding layer on the inside facing the sling. This means that the fabric layer in question is not only equipped with the outer plastic layer made of elastomer threads facing the object, but also with a sliding layer that ensures friction-optimized guidance on the inside of the protective element between the fabric layer and the sling. The sliding layer mentioned is provided for this purpose.

The sliding layer is advantageously made up of plastic threads woven into the fabric layer, which form additional ribs inwards over the fabric layers. The plastic threads in question can be woven into the fabric layer in addition to warp and/or weft threads. In addition, it has proven to be particularly favorable in this context if the plastic threads are designed as high-strength warp threads.

Such high-strength threads that define the sliding layer are known and have a smooth surface. Common product designations in practice are "Dyneema" from DSM Dyneema B.V. from the Netherlands. Other high-strength fibers can also be used under the name "Vectran" from Celanese Acetate LLC in the USA. In this case, too, the material and the diameter of the plastic threads used are adapted and matched to the diameter of the warp and weft threads of the fabric layer.

Since the sliding layer, made of the plastic threads woven into the fabric layer, also forms ribs protruding inwards over the fabric layer, these ribs act as sliding points, so to speak, over which the textile lashing and lifting means is guided and tensioned inside the protective element. Due to the smooth surface quality of the high-tensile plastic threads described for forming the sliding layer, particularly low coefficients of friction are observed between the sliding layer in question and, for example, a plastic belt passed through the protective element. In most cases, the coefficient of friction is below 0.3 (static friction). In this way, the plastic belt can be lashed down particularly easily, for example, without the protective element changing its position in comparison to the object. This is ensured by the outside nubs or ribs, which are formed from the elastomer threads provided at this point.

As a result, a protective element is made available which can be produced particularly easily and inexpensively. This is ensured by using fabric layers in each case. Since polyester fabrics are typically used at this point, this is suitable in this way implemented protective element for applications in harsh environments and is particularly temperature-stable. In addition, such polyester fabrics do not tend to absorb moisture. In conjunction with the elastomer threads woven into the fabric layer, a friction surface is made available which ensures that the protective element is held perfectly in contact with the object, even when considerable forces are applied via the slinging device passed through the protective element. This is where the main advantages can be seen.

Fig. 1

Das erfindungsgemäße Schutzelement in einer Aufsicht schematisch in Verbindung mit einem hierdurch hindurchgeführten Anschlagmittel und

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt durch den Gegenstand nach Fig. 1 und

Fig. 3

einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch den Gegenstand nach der Fig. 1 im Bereich A-A.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to a drawing that merely represents an exemplary embodiment; show it:

1

The protective element according to the invention in a schematic plan view in connection with a stop means guided through it and

2

a cross section through the object 1 and

3

a schematic longitudinal section through the object after 1 in the AA area.

A protective element is shown in the figures, which is used to encase textile lashing or slinging means 1 . In the present case, and not restrictively, the protective element is a fabric tube. The textile lashing or slinging means 1 for lifting, tensioning or lashing objects 2 is in this case a plastic belt that is passed through the protective element or the fabric tube, which is used, for example, in the 2 indicated object 2 at a to lash down the loading area. For this purpose, the plastic belt 1 may be equipped with a looped-in belt ratchet or some other tensioning means, so the details are not important here.

It can be seen that the protective element or the protective fabric tube has at least one fabric layer 3 facing the object 2 . In fact, two layers of fabric 3, 4 are provided. The two fabric layers 3, 4 are coupled to one another at the edges. In addition, there is a welt 5 at the edge of the two fabric layers 3, 4. The welt 5 is a plastic thread woven into the fabric layers 3, 4 coupled to one another at the edge. The piping 5 ensures that the protective element or the fabric tube has a certain dimensional stability and, in particular when it is in contact with the object 2, makes it possible for the stop means 1 to be moved in relation to it or, for example, also to be threaded through it.

The two fabric layers 3, 4 are presently designed as polyester fabrics. In the case of the polyester fabrics, polyester warp and weft threads are used, which can be designed in the same way in terms of thread size and thread count, by way of example and not by way of limitation. As a result, the casing or the protective element shown in the figures can be easily cut to length from endless material produced, for example. The cutting to length is usually done by a heated cut. As a result, the openings provided at the ends of the protective element for threading in the textile lashing or lifting means 1 do not have any sharp edges.

Based on the sectional view in the 2 one recognizes that the object 2 facing fabric layer 3 with a plastic layer 6 between the fabric layer 3 and the object 2 is equipped. In the exemplary embodiment, the plastic layer 6 is elastomer threads 6 woven into the fabric layer 3 , which form ribs 7 projecting outwards over the fabric layer 3 . Based on the excerpt in the 1 one can see that the elastomer threads 6 in question are arranged equidistantly from one another. In addition, the elastomer threads 6 are additionally woven into the fabric layer 3, specifically as warp or weft threads. Based on the embodiment and the illustrations in the figures 1 and 3 It is clear that the elastomer threads 6 are each formed as warp threads and form ribs 7 that are offset relative to one another in their respective longitudinal extent.

The staggered and in the 1 The particularly clearly visible arrangement of the elastomer threads 6 in the warp direction and the resulting mutually offset ribs 7 ensure that the fabric layer 3 in question is formed with the outwardly protruding ribs 7 on its outer surface facing the object 2, which overall has a form a kind of knobbed surface. The fact that the elastomer threads 6 are woven into the fabric layer 3 in question in addition to at least every tenth warp thread, according to the exemplary embodiment every third warp thread, also contributes to this. For this purpose, the respective elastomer threads 6 run parallel to the warp threads and overlap with every third warp thread of the fabric layer 3. In addition, the elastomer threads 6 and the associated warp threads use individual common stitches.

In fact, the elastomeric threads 6 share every fifth stitch with the warp thread, as it were, located underneath. As a result, the elastomeric thread 6 is evident from the sectional view in FIG 3 compared to every fifth Weft anchored and can form the ribs 7 between the individual stitches. Since, moreover, the elastomer threads 6 are arranged offset from one another in the transverse direction, this also applies to the ribs 7 formed in each case, as can also be seen from the sectional view in FIG 3 when comparing the elastomer thread 6 shown in solid lines with the adjacent elastomer thread 6 indicated in dashed lines.

Since this occurs over the entire length and width of the fabric layer 3, the fabric layer 3 is equipped with the ribs 7 on its outward-facing surface over its entire surface, which protrude uniformly over the entire surface of the fabric layer 3 to the outside. The plastic layer 6 realized in this way ensures overall increased friction between the protective element or fabric hose realized in this way and the object 2 to be lashed down, for example, as has already been described in the introduction.

In order to be able to weave the elastomer threads 6 properly into the fabric layer 3 and to integrate the elastomer threads 6 into the weaving process, the elastomer threads 6 and the threads of the fabric carrier or the fabric layer 3 are equipped with a corresponding or matching thread size. The elastomer threads 6 are typically those made from a thermoplastic elastomer. In principle, however, a natural rubber can also be used for the production in addition to a synthetic rubber. Combinations are also conceivable. The materials that are conceivable and suitable in this context have already been described in the introduction.

In addition to the plastic layer 6 pointing outwards towards the object 2 , the fabric layer 3 is also equipped with a sliding layer 8 . The slide layer 8 faces the stop means 1 . Based on the sectional view in the 2 it can be seen that the sling 1 or the plastic strap provided at this point is guided and held inside the protective element or fabric tube made of the two fabric layers 3, 4. In order to achieve the lowest possible friction at this point, the sliding layer 8 according to the exemplary embodiment is composed of plastic threads 8 woven into the fabric layer 3 . The plastic threads 8 form ribs 9 projecting inwards over the fabric layer 3 .

Based on the sectional view in the 3 one can see that the plastic threads 8 are in turn adapted to the threads or warp and weft threads of the fabric layer 3 with regard in particular to their diameter. As a result, the plastic threads 8 can be woven into the fabric layer 3 in addition to the warp and/or weft threads. According to the exemplary embodiment, high-strength warp threads 8 are used at this point, forming the ribs 9 in question and protruding inwards.

So that the elastomer threads 6 on the one hand and the plastic threads 8 on the other hand do not collide with one another and the respective weaving processes can be separated from one another at this point, a two-ply or two-layer fabric is used to produce the fabric layer 3 within the scope of the exemplary embodiment. This means that the fabric layer 3 is composed of two fabrics, in particular polyester fabrics, which are arranged one above the other and are coupled to one another. For this purpose, the individual fabric layers are realized with threads 10 which are coupled to one another and which, in the exemplary embodiment, are warp threads, so-called binding warp threads 10 .

The same may apply to the further fabric layer 4, but is not mandatory at this point. This means that the fabric layer 4 can also be designed in two layers or in two layers. Either way, the two polyester fabrics that define the fabric layer 3 and are coupled to one another via the binding warp threads 10 can first be equipped with the elastomer threads 6 on the one hand and the plastic threads 8 on the other and then be combined with one another.

The ribs 9 formed in this way inside the protective sheathing or the fabric tube according to the invention ensure that the slinging means 1 resting on or guided along it or the plastic belt provided at this point is guided inside the protective element with little friction and thus easily for transmission can be tensioned by lashing forces on the object 2.

The ribs 9 defined with the aid of the plastic threads 8 and protruding inwards in the direction of the slinging means 1 can be arranged offset to one another. However, it is also possible for transverse rib elevations to be formed in this way, oriented transversely to the longitudinal extension of the protective sheathing or the protective fabric tube. Either way, significantly lower coefficients of friction between the slinging means 1 and the ribs 9 of the plastic threads 8 are observed in this context compared to the coefficients of friction that occur between the ribs 7 of the elastomer threads 6 and the object 2 . As a result, the protective sheathing or the fabric hose is held properly on the object 2, even when the sling 1 is lashed.

Claims (14)

1. Protective element, more particularly fabric protective tube, for jacketing textile lashing or sling gear (1) for lifting, tensioning or lashing objects (2), with at least one fabric layer (3) facing the object (2), as well as a synthetic material layer (6) between the fabric layer (3) and the object (2), wherein the synthetic material layer (6) is composed of elastomer threads (6) which are woven into the fabric layer (3) and over the fabric layer (3) form outwardly projecting ribs (7),
   characterised in that
   two tube-like fabric layers (3, 4) that are connected to each other, are provided which are connected to each other at the edges.
2. Protective element according to claim 1, characterised in that the elastomer threads (6) are formed as warp and/or weft threads woven into the fabric layer (3).
3. Protective element according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that in their longitudinal direction, the elastomer threads (6) form ribs (7) that are offset with regard to each other.
4. Protective element according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the elastomer threads (6) are arranged equidistantly with regard to each other.
5. Protective element according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the elastomer threads (6) are also woven into the fabric layer (3) with at least every tenth warp/weft thread, in particular at least every eighth warp/weft thread, preferably every sixth warp/weft thread and very particularly preferably at least every fifth warp/weft thread.
6. Protective element according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the elastomer threads (6) have a thread size matched to the threads of the fabric (3).
7. Protective element according to any one of claim 1 to 6, characterised in that the elastomer threads (6) are made of natural rubber and/or synthetic rubber, for example.
8. Protective element according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that on each edge of the two fabric layers (3, 4), piping (5) is provided.
9. Protective element according to claim 8, characterised in that the pipping (5) is formed as a woven-in synthetic thread.
10. Protective element according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the fabric layer (3) carrying the elastomer threads (6) on the outside, is also provided with an inner sliding layer (8) facing the sling gear (1).
11. Protective element according to claim 10, characterised in that the sliding layer (8) is composed of synthetic threads (8) woven into the fabric layer (3) which form ribs (9) projecting inwardly over the fabric layer (3).
12. Protective element according to claim 10 or 11, characterised in that the synthetic threads (8) are woven into the fabric layer (3) in addition to warp and/or weft threads.
13. Protective element according to any one of claims 10 to 12, characterised in that the synthetic threads (8) are designed as high-strength warp threads.
14. Protective element according to any one of claims 1 to 13 characterised in that the respective fabric layer (3, 4) are in the form of a polyester fabric.

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