EP3485750A1 - Structural component for protecting and/or supporting a body part - Google Patents

Structural component for protecting and/or supporting a body part Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3485750A1
EP3485750A1 EP18206456.8A EP18206456A EP3485750A1 EP 3485750 A1 EP3485750 A1 EP 3485750A1 EP 18206456 A EP18206456 A EP 18206456A EP 3485750 A1 EP3485750 A1 EP 3485750A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
structural component
cavity
air
inner layer
support elements
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18206456.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3485750B1 (en
Inventor
André Dick
Maximilian Reinhard
Lutz Klasen
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Rahm Zentrum fur Gesundheit GmbH
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Rahm Zentrum fur Gesundheit GmbH
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Publication of EP3485750A1 publication Critical patent/EP3485750A1/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/015—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with shock-absorbing means
    • A41D13/0158—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with shock-absorbing means having ventilation features
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/28—Shock absorbing
    • A41D31/285—Shock absorbing using layered materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/08—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions
    • A63B71/081—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions fluid-filled, e.g. air-filled
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B71/00—Games or sports accessories not covered in groups A63B1/00 - A63B69/00
    • A63B71/08—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions
    • A63B71/12—Body-protectors for players or sportsmen, i.e. body-protecting accessories affording protection of body parts against blows or collisions for the body or the legs, e.g. for the shoulders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
    • A63B2209/00—Characteristics of used materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a structural component for the protection and / or the support of a body part, comprising a flexibly deformable inner layer facing the body part and a dimensionally stable outer layer according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such structural components are widely known and serve, for example, as a cuff of an orthosis adapted to the body part to be supported or else as a protector for the protection of a body part, for example in certain sports.
  • the body part facing flexible deformable inner layer is usually elastic compliant designed as a cushion and often provided with a skin-friendly coating on the contact surface to the body part, while the outer layer is dimensionally stable to rigid and adapted to be protected and / or supporting body part and as an abutment and for the attack of fasteners, such as straps and the like is used.
  • a protective protector especially for sportswear known, which has a structure comprising at least three layers.
  • a damping middle layer is constructed in the manner of a lattice, while the outer protective layer has hump-like air inlet and outlet openings.
  • an air flow can thus be directed through the entire protective protector to the body surface of a person and be removed from there, which should improve the climate comfort.
  • Such forced ventilation requires corresponding differences in air pressure at the air inlet and outlet openings and is therefore suitable for motorcycle clothing, but is largely ineffective with only slight pressure difference, eg in the absence of wind and can not be transferred eg on cuffs or braces. Too strong differences in atmospheric pressure and cool ambient temperatures, the developing air exchange can also be uncomfortable.
  • the WO 2014/111433 A1 also describes a padding material comprising at least three layers, for example for cycling shorts, comprising a grid-like padding material in an overall air-permeable composite.
  • a dimensionally stable supporting cuff or orthosis or a protector can not be produced with this material.
  • the EP 2 740 375 B1 discloses a body protector with continuous between top and bottom running ventilation channels, in which a valve for preventing liquid entry can be used.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a structural component of the type mentioned, which automatically has an integrated or implemented cooling function without external power supply, which is not subject to any time limitations of the effectiveness.
  • the inner and outer layer of the structural component according to the invention at the edge or in each case form a closed layer, so that an air-filled cavity is formed within the structural component, which limits of the inner layer, the outer layer and possibly their edge-side connection is such that the inner layer and the outer layer together enclose the air-filled cavity.
  • a plurality of elastically deformable support elements is arranged, which maintain the cavity between the inner and outer layer and allow due to their elastic deformability a corresponding elastically resetting deformation of the inner layer relative to serving as an abutment rigid or dimensionally stable outer layer.
  • the support members in the form of ridges are integrally formed with the inner and outer layers and have a plurality of air passage openings to form a plurality of communicating adjacent cells which together form the air filled cavity and the cavity with the atmosphere communicates via at least one common ventilation opening or in each case at least one separate ventilation and vent opening, which are provided with a valve.
  • air passage openings are formed between the individual support elements, which may be discrete, for example, so that in an elastic deformation of the inner layer and / or the support elements, the air present in the cavity can be temporarily displaced and can escape to other areas of the cavity.
  • the inner layer and / or the support elements serve as pump bodies and pumps the volume of air from one cell into the adjacent cell, whereby an air exchange with the environment or atmosphere is established, including the ventilation opening (s).
  • the ventilation opening for this purpose, at least one suitable position, preferably in the region of the outer layer, at least one ventilation opening is provided, via which the air-filled cavity communicates with the surrounding atmosphere, so that an exchange of air between the cavity and the surrounding atmosphere can take place.
  • the cavity communicates via at least one common ventilation opening, preferably in the region of the outer layer with the environment.
  • the at least one common ventilation opening is equipped with a two-way valve.
  • the invention proposes to provide in each case at least one separate ventilation opening and at least one separate ventilation opening, which accordingly permit the exchange of air only in one direction. This is effected by arranging one-way valves oriented in the area of the ventilation opening (s) with respect to their passage or blocking direction.
  • the local air volumes within the cavity of the structural component according to the invention can be displaced or circulated, for example, by contraction of the adjacent inner layer of muscle, whereby the heat energy absorbed by these volumes of air body part also displaced by air exchange through the at least one loading and Vent is discharged, resulting in a comfort significantly increasing cooling effect.
  • the support elements of the structural component according to the invention serve not only as spacers between the inner and outer layer, but also as actuators whose movement displaces the corresponding adjacent air volumes within the cells of the cavity in the manner of a positive displacement pump with elastic deformation.
  • the cavity is subdivided into several zones which communicate independently with the atmosphere via at least one common ventilation opening or at least one separate ventilation and venting opening, which are provided with a valve (14, 15) ,
  • a valve 14, 15
  • the support elements may be formed in an additive process of at least one plastic material, including in particular the melt stratification in a 3-D printer is considered suitable.
  • the preparation is preferably carried out for suitable for 3-D printing plastics or mold waxes.
  • suitable plastics include thermoplastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polylactide, acrylbutadiene styrene and polyethylene terephthalate, as well as thermoplastic elastomers, either individually or in multi-material combinations.
  • Corresponding gradient materials can also be used for the construction or as surface coating of the inner layer, outer layer and / or the support elements.
  • the respective shaping takes place in particular on the basis of a digital scan or a digitized impression of the body part to be protected and / or to be supported.
  • valves of the ventilation openings each with an associated, manually operable shut-off device to provide, by means of which an air passage through the respective valve in the forward direction can be prevented.
  • an air exchange between the air-filled cavity and the atmosphere with the associated heat dissipation can be deliberately prevented.
  • the air thus trapped in the cavity can also be used as a heat insulator and effectively protect the adjacent body part from heat loss. After removing the blocking effect of the shut-off device, the cooling function is immediately available again.
  • the outer layer of the structural component according to the invention can be made of a suitable dimensionally stable to rigid plastic, optionally also fiber reinforced.
  • the support elements provided according to the invention are compressible in at least one spatial direction, which can be predetermined both by appropriate shaping and by the material selection or a combination thereof.
  • the desired formation of the air passage openings can be effected either by suitable complaint of individual discrete support elements from each other or by targeted introduction of air passage openings in the support element structure in creating the same in an additive process.
  • the outer layer of the structural component according to the invention may have a greater layer thickness than the inner layer to achieve the desired dimensional stability.
  • the inner layer can also be made of a soft elastic plastic material, for example a thermoplastic elastomer and the outer layer of a relatively harder plastic material, for example ABS, to give the outer layer the desired dimensional stability and the inner layer the desired flexible deformability.
  • the support elements can be made variable in all spatial directions due to their production in an additive process, for example, differently designed and / or oriented and / or dimensioned to form regions of different elasticities and / or the air flow within the cavity targeted in terms of size and direction to influence.
  • the support elements and multi-chamber systems can be formed within the cavity.
  • the support elements may also be partially made of different elastic plastics.
  • this partially different design of the support elements also serves to produce different stability properties relative to an area or a spatial direction, for example, to direct directions of movement of the associated body part, a relief or support certain areas by increased elasticity or bring about increased dimensional stability or to achieve the targeted release or blocking of directions of movement.
  • a variety of design freedom is offered to the person skilled in the art.
  • the exchange of air and the resulting heat removal causes a passive cooling of the structural component according to the invention, which by as thin-walled design of the inner wall thicknesses, d. H. the wall thicknesses of the inner layer and / or the support elements can be further increased.
  • the structural component according to the invention can be used, for example, as prosthesis socket, liner, for enclosing constructions, contact surfaces and cuffs of orthopedic aids and orthoses, for epitheses such as silicone supplies, for sports protectors and for orthopedic shoes, for protective vests, occupational safety protectors and the like.
  • a structural member 1 in the form of a prosthetic socket is shown which has been made entirely of a suitable plastic material by melt stratification in a 3-D printer using a digitized model of a body part of a patient.
  • the structural component 1 comprises a flexibly deformable inner layer 12 facing the body part, not shown here, and an outer layer 10 forming the outer surface of the structural component 1, between which support elements 11 run in a regular, grid-like arrangement.
  • the support members 11 are made in the form of webs integrally by the applied 3-D pressure and have a plurality of air passage openings 110 so that they form a plurality of communicating adjacent cells, which together form a continuous cavity 13 between the inner layer 12 and the outer layer 10 define which is air-filled.
  • the individual support elements 11 are elastically deformable, for example when exerting compressive forces starting from the inner layer 12 in the direction of the outer layer 10th
  • the outer layer 10 is designed in a much greater material thickness D than the inner layer 12 with the significantly reduced material thickness d. This results in that the inner layer is flexible deformable, whereas the outer layer 10 is dimensionally stable and rigid.
  • the inner layer 12 and the adjoining thereto and also a layer forming layer of the support members 11 are elastically deformable, in particular opposite to the inner layer 12 in the direction of the outer layer 10 directed forces in at least one spatial direction.
  • Such forces occur, for example, due to contraction of the adjacent musculature of the body part, against which the structural component 1 rests with its inner layer 12.
  • the structural component 1 has at least one ventilation opening, in which a one-way valve 14 is inserted, which allows an influx of air from the environment into the cavity 13 and blocked in the opposite direction. Furthermore, at least one vent opening is provided, in which a one-way valve 15 is inserted, which allows the outflow of air from the cavity 13 into the environment of the structural component 1 and blocked in the opposite direction.
  • the alternating loading and unloading as well as muscle contractions result in a continuous elastic deformation of the inner layer 12 and of the adjoining support elements 11 relative to the rigid outer layer 10 which, due to the elastic material properties, relieves relief resets.
  • This elastic deformation and recovery calls within the air-filled cavity 11 due to the plurality of communicating air passage openings 110 a steady pumping action on the volume of air within the cavity 11, said displaced air volume is discharged through the vent with one-way valve 15 to the surrounding atmosphere and corresponding air volume on the Ventilation opening with one-way valve 14 flows from the surrounding atmosphere.
  • This causes a steady exchange of air within the cavity 13 of the structural component 1, whereby the thermal energy absorbed in the air filling of the cavity 13 is discharged at each pumping movement and thereby caused gas or air exchange to the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the structural component 1 described achieved solely by proper use of the body part to be protected and / or support a continuous passive cooling by dissipating the heat absorbed without external power supply and during the entire period of use.
  • the spatial configuration of the structural component 1 and the support elements 11 is not limited to the illustrated embodiment but can be selected and modified by the skilled person depending on the application. Due to the production in an additive process, the geometry can be influenced within wide limits.

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Strukturbauteil (1) für den Schutz und/oder die Unterstützung einer Körperpartie, umfassend eine der Körperpartie zugewandte flexibel verformbare Innenschicht (12) und eine formstabile Außenschicht (10), wobei die Innen- und Außenschicht (12, 10) einen luftgefüllten Hohlraum (13) umschließen, der über mindestens eine Be- und Entlüftungsöffnung mit der Umgebung kommuniziert und innerhalb des Hohlraumes (13) eine Vielzahl elastisch verformbarer Stützelemente (11) angeordnet sind, wobei die Stützelemente (11) integral einstückig mit der Außen- und Innenschicht (10, 12) hergestellt sind und eine Vielzahl von Luftdurchgangsöffnungen (110) aufweisen, so dass sie eine Vielzahl von miteinander kommunizierenden benachbarten Zellen ausbilden, die gemeinsam den luftgefüllten Hohlraum (13) bilden und der Hohlraum (13) mit der Atmosphäre über mindestens eine gemeinsame Be- und Entlüftungsöffnung oder jeweils mindestens eine separate Belüftungs- und Entlüftungsöffnung kommuniziert, die mit einem Ventil (14, 15) versehen sind.The invention relates to a structural component (1) for the protection and / or support of a body part, comprising a flexibly deformable inner layer (12) facing the body part and a dimensionally stable outer layer (10), the inner and outer layers (12, 10) having a air-filled cavity (13) which communicates via at least one ventilation opening with the environment and within the cavity (13) a plurality of elastically deformable support members (11) are arranged, wherein the support elements (11) integrally integral with the outer and Inner layer (10, 12) are prepared and having a plurality of air passage openings (110) so that they form a plurality of communicating with each other adjacent cells, which together form the air-filled cavity (13) and the cavity (13) with the atmosphere over at least a common ventilation opening or at least one separate ventilation and E Ventilation communicates, which are provided with a valve (14, 15).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Strukturbauteil für den Schutz und/oder die Unterstützung einer Körperpartie, umfassend eine der Körperpartie zugewandte flexibel verformbare Innenschicht und eine formstabile Außenschicht nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a structural component for the protection and / or the support of a body part, comprising a flexibly deformable inner layer facing the body part and a dimensionally stable outer layer according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Strukturbauteile sind vielfältig bekannt und dienen beispielsweise als an die zu unterstützende Körperpartie angepasste Manschette einer Orthese oder auch als Protektor für den Schutz einer Körperpartie zum Beispiel bei bestimmten Sportarten.Such structural components are widely known and serve, for example, as a cuff of an orthosis adapted to the body part to be supported or else as a protector for the protection of a body part, for example in certain sports.

Die der Körperpartie zugewandte flexibel verformbare Innenschicht ist dabei üblicherweise elastisch nachgiebig als Polster ausgeführt und häufig mit einem hautsympathischen Überzug auf der Kontaktfläche zur Körperpartie versehen, während die Außenschicht formstabil bis starr ausgebildet und an die zu schützende und/oder unterstützende Körperpartie angepasst ist und als Widerlager sowie zum Angriff von Befestigungsmitteln, wie Spanngurten und dergleichen dient.The body part facing flexible deformable inner layer is usually elastic compliant designed as a cushion and often provided with a skin-friendly coating on the contact surface to the body part, while the outer layer is dimensionally stable to rigid and adapted to be protected and / or supporting body part and as an abutment and for the attack of fasteners, such as straps and the like is used.

Problematisch bei derartigen Strukturbauteilen ist es, dass diese aufgrund des wünschenswert engen und häufig großflächigen Kontakt zur zu schützenden und/oder zu unterstützenden Körperpartie als unangenehm schweißtreibend empfunden werden, da sie einer Wärmeabführung insbesondere bei körperlicher Betätigung entgegenstehen. Es sind daher bereits Versuche unternommen worden, derartige Strukturbauteile zu kühlen, was jedoch eine entsprechende Energieversorgung mit entsprechendem Mehraufwand bedingt oder aber nur über kurze Zeiträume sichergestellt werden kann. Dies erscheint verbesserungswürdig.The problem with such structural components is that they are perceived as unpleasant sweaty due to the desirable narrow and often large-area contact with the body to be protected and / or support, since they preclude heat dissipation, especially during physical activity. Therefore, attempts have already been made to cool such structural components, which, however, requires a corresponding energy supply with corresponding additional expenditure or can only be ensured over short periods of time. This seems to be in need of improvement.

Aus der EP 1588 636 B1 ist ein Schutzprotektor, speziell für Sportbekleidung bekannt, der einen mindestens drei Schichten umfassenden Aufbau besitzt. Eine dämpfende Mittelschicht ist gitterartig aufgebaut, während die äußere Schutzschicht hutzenartige Lufteintritts- und Luftaustrittöffnungen aufweist. In Verbindung mit einer luftdurchlässigen Unterschicht kann insoweit ein Luftstrom durch den gesamten Schutzprotektor hindurch auf die Körperoberfläche einer Person geleitet und von dort auch abgeführt werden, was den Klimakomfort verbessern soll. Eine solche Zwangsbelüftung benötigt entsprechende Luftdruckunterschiede an den Lufteintritts- und Luftaustrittsöffnungen und eignet sich von daher z.B. für Motorradbekleidung, ist aber bei nur geringem Druckunterschied, z.B. bei fehlendem Fahrtwind weitgehend wirkungslos und lässt sich z.B. nicht auf Manschetten oder Orthesen übertragen. Bei zu starken Luftsruckunterschieden und kühlen Umgebungstemperaturen kann der sich entwickelnde Luftaustausch auch unangenehm empfunden werden.From the EP 1588 636 B1 is a protective protector, especially for sportswear known, which has a structure comprising at least three layers. A damping middle layer is constructed in the manner of a lattice, while the outer protective layer has hump-like air inlet and outlet openings. In conjunction with an air-permeable lower layer, an air flow can thus be directed through the entire protective protector to the body surface of a person and be removed from there, which should improve the climate comfort. Such forced ventilation requires corresponding differences in air pressure at the air inlet and outlet openings and is therefore suitable for motorcycle clothing, but is largely ineffective with only slight pressure difference, eg in the absence of wind and can not be transferred eg on cuffs or braces. Too strong differences in atmospheric pressure and cool ambient temperatures, the developing air exchange can also be uncomfortable.

Die WO 2014/111433 A1 beschreibt ebenfalls ein mindestens drei Schichten umfassendes Polstermaterial z.B. für Radhosen, umfassend ein gitterartiges Polstermaterial in einem insgesamt luftdurchlässigen Verbund. Eine formstabile stützende Manschette oder Orthese bzw. ein Protektor ist mit diesem Material nicht herstellbar.The WO 2014/111433 A1 also describes a padding material comprising at least three layers, for example for cycling shorts, comprising a grid-like padding material in an overall air-permeable composite. A dimensionally stable supporting cuff or orthosis or a protector can not be produced with this material.

Die EP 2 740 375 B1 offenbart einen Körperprotektor mit durchgängig zwischen Unter- und Oberseite verlaufenden Belüftungskanälen, in die ein Ventil zur Verhinderung eines Flüssigkeitseintrittes einsetzbar ist.The EP 2 740 375 B1 discloses a body protector with continuous between top and bottom running ventilation channels, in which a valve for preventing liquid entry can be used.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Strukturbauteil der eingangs genannten Art vorzuschlagen, welches ohne externe Energieversorgung selbsttätig über eine integrierte bzw. implementierte Kühlfunktion verfügt, die keinen zeitlichen Beschränkungen der Wirksamkeit unterliegt.The object of the invention is to propose a structural component of the type mentioned, which automatically has an integrated or implemented cooling function without external power supply, which is not subject to any time limitations of the effectiveness.

Zur Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß ein Strukturbauteil gemäß den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 vorgeschlagen.To achieve the object, a structural component according to the features of claim 1 is proposed according to the invention.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.Advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung wird vorgeschlagen, die Innen- und Außenschicht des erfindungsgemäßen Strukturbauteiles randseitig zu verbinden oder jeweils als geschlossene Schicht auszubilden, so dass ein luftgefüllter Hohlraum innerhalb des Strukturbauteiles ausgebildet wird, welcher von der Innenschicht, der Außenschicht sowie ggf. deren randseitiger Verbindung begrenzt wird, dergestalt, dass die Innenschicht und die Außenschicht gemeinsam den luftgefüllten Hohlraum umschließen. Innerhalb dieses Hohlraumes wird eine Vielzahl elastisch verformbaren Stützelemente angeordnet, die den Hohlraum zwischen Innen- und Außenschicht aufrechterhalten und aufgrund ihrer elastischen Verformbarkeit eine entsprechende elastisch rückstellende Verformung der Innenschicht gegenüber der als Widerlager dienenden starren bzw. formstabilen Außenschicht ermöglichen. Darüber hinaus sind die Stützelemente in Form von Stegen integral einstückig mit der Innen- und Außenschicht hergestellt und weisen eine Vielzahl von Luftdurchgangsöffnungen auf, so dass sie eine Vielzahl von miteinander kommunizierenden benachbarten Zellen bilden, die gemeinsam den luftgefüllten Hohlraum bilden und der Hohlraum mit der Atmosphäre über mindestens eine gemeinsame Be- und Entlüftungsöffnung oder jeweils mindestens eine separate Belüftungs- und Entlüftungsöffnung kommuniziert, die die mit einem Ventil versehen sind. Insoweit sind zwischen den einzelnen Stützelementen, die beispielsweise diskret ausgebildet sein können, Luftdurchgangsöffnungen ausgebildet, sodass bei einer elastischen Verformung der Innenschicht und/oder der Stützelemente die im Hohlraum vorhandene Luft vorübergehend verdrängt werden und in andere Bereiche des Hohlraumes ausweichen kann. Bei einer elastischen Verformung dienen die Innenschicht und/oder die Stützelemente als Pumpkörper und Pumpen das Luftvolumen von einer Zelle in die benachbarte Zelle, wodurch unter Einschluss der Be- und Entlüftungsöffnung(en) ein Luftaustausch mit der Umgebung bzw. Atmosphäre aufgebaut wird. Dazu ist an mindestens einer geeigneten Position, vorzugsweise im Bereich der Außenschicht, mindestens eine Be- und Entlüftungsöffnung vorgesehen, über die der luftgefüllte Hohlraum mit der umgebenden Atmosphäre kommuniziert, so dass ein Luftaustausch zwischen Hohlraum und umgebender Atmosphäre stattfinden kann.In the context of the invention it is proposed to connect the inner and outer layer of the structural component according to the invention at the edge or in each case form a closed layer, so that an air-filled cavity is formed within the structural component, which limits of the inner layer, the outer layer and possibly their edge-side connection is such that the inner layer and the outer layer together enclose the air-filled cavity. Within this cavity, a plurality of elastically deformable support elements is arranged, which maintain the cavity between the inner and outer layer and allow due to their elastic deformability a corresponding elastically resetting deformation of the inner layer relative to serving as an abutment rigid or dimensionally stable outer layer. Moreover, the support members in the form of ridges are integrally formed with the inner and outer layers and have a plurality of air passage openings to form a plurality of communicating adjacent cells which together form the air filled cavity and the cavity with the atmosphere communicates via at least one common ventilation opening or in each case at least one separate ventilation and vent opening, which are provided with a valve. In that regard, air passage openings are formed between the individual support elements, which may be discrete, for example, so that in an elastic deformation of the inner layer and / or the support elements, the air present in the cavity can be temporarily displaced and can escape to other areas of the cavity. In the case of an elastic deformation, the inner layer and / or the support elements serve as pump bodies and pumps the volume of air from one cell into the adjacent cell, whereby an air exchange with the environment or atmosphere is established, including the ventilation opening (s). For this purpose, at least one suitable position, preferably in the region of the outer layer, at least one ventilation opening is provided, via which the air-filled cavity communicates with the surrounding atmosphere, so that an exchange of air between the cavity and the surrounding atmosphere can take place.

Nach einem Vorschlag der Erfindung kommuniziert der Hohlraum über mindestens eine gemeinsame Be- und Entlüftungsöffnung vorzugsweise im Bereich der Außenschicht mit der Umgebung. Zur Steuerung des Luft- bzw. Gasaustausches ist die mindestens eine gemeinsame Be- und Entlüftungsöffnung mit einem Zweiwegeventil ausgestattet.According to one proposal of the invention, the cavity communicates via at least one common ventilation opening, preferably in the region of the outer layer with the environment. To control the air or gas exchange, the at least one common ventilation opening is equipped with a two-way valve.

Alternativ schlägt die Erfindung vor, jeweils mindestens eine separate Belüftungsöffnung und mindestens eine separate Entlüftungsöffnung vorzusehen, die demgemäß den Luftaustausch nur in einer Richtung ermöglichen. Dies wird durch Anordnung von entsprechend in Bezug auf ihre Durchlass- bzw. Sperrrichtung orientierten Einwegeventilen im Bereich der Be- und Entlüftungsöffnung(en) bewirkt.Alternatively, the invention proposes to provide in each case at least one separate ventilation opening and at least one separate ventilation opening, which accordingly permit the exchange of air only in one direction. This is effected by arranging one-way valves oriented in the area of the ventilation opening (s) with respect to their passage or blocking direction.

Auf diese Weise können die örtlichen Luftvolumina innerhalb des Hohlraumes des erfindungsgemäßen Strukturbauteiles zum Beispiel durch Kontraktion der an der Innenschicht anliegenden Muskulatur verlagert bzw. umgewälzt werden, wodurch die von diesen Luftvolumina aufgenommene Wärmeenergie der Körperpartie ebenfalls verlagert und durch Luftaustausch durch die mindestens eine Be- und Entlüftungsöffnung abgeführt wird, was zu einem den Tragekomfort erheblich erhöhenden Kühleffekt führt.In this way, the local air volumes within the cavity of the structural component according to the invention can be displaced or circulated, for example, by contraction of the adjacent inner layer of muscle, whereby the heat energy absorbed by these volumes of air body part also displaced by air exchange through the at least one loading and Vent is discharged, resulting in a comfort significantly increasing cooling effect.

Die Stützelemente des erfindungsgemäßen Strukturbauteiles dienen dabei nicht nur als Abstandshalter zwischen der Innen- und Außenschicht, sondern auch als Aktoren, deren Bewegung bei elastischer Verformung die entsprechenden angrenzenden Luftvolumina innerhalb der Zellen des Hohlraumes nach Art einer Verdrängerpumpe verlagert.The support elements of the structural component according to the invention serve not only as spacers between the inner and outer layer, but also as actuators whose movement displaces the corresponding adjacent air volumes within the cells of the cavity in the manner of a positive displacement pump with elastic deformation.

Nach einem Vorschlag der Erfindung ist der Hohlraum in mehrere Zonen unterteilt, die unabhängig voneinander mit der Atmosphäre über jeweils mindestens eine gemeinsame Be- und Entlüftungsöffnung oder jeweils mindestens eine separate Belüftungs- und Entlüftungsöffnung kommunizieren, die mit einem Ventil (14, 15) versehen sind. Damit ist es gezielt möglich, Bereiche oder Zonen innerhalb des Hohlraumes zu definieren, die z.B. stärker durchlüftet werden, wohingegen andere Zonen oder Bereiche schwächer oder gar nicht durchlüftet werden. Dies lasst sich über die Anzahl und Querschnitte sowie Ventilcharakteristik in den einzelnen Zonen beliebig beeinflussen.According to one proposal of the invention, the cavity is subdivided into several zones which communicate independently with the atmosphere via at least one common ventilation opening or at least one separate ventilation and venting opening, which are provided with a valve (14, 15) , Thus, it is possible to specifically define areas or zones within the cavity, e.g. while other zones or areas are less well ventilated or not aerated. This can be arbitrarily influenced by the number and cross sections as well as valve characteristics in the individual zones.

Nach einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung können die Stützelemente in einem additiven Verfahren aus mindestens einem Kunststoffmaterial gebildet sein, wozu insbesondere die Schmelzschichtung in einem 3-D Drucker als geeignet angesehen wird.According to a further proposal of the invention, the support elements may be formed in an additive process of at least one plastic material, including in particular the melt stratification in a 3-D printer is considered suitable.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung kann auch vorgesehen sein, entweder die Innenschicht oder die Außenschicht integral und gemeinsam mit den Stützelementen in einem solchen additiven Verfahren auszubilden oder sowohl die Innenschicht als auch die Außenschicht gemeinsam mit den Stützelementen integral in einem solchen additiven Verfahren, zum Beispiel dem bereits genannten 3-D Druck auszubilden, und zwar entweder aus gleichen oder unterschiedlichen Kunststoffen.In the invention, it may also be provided to form either the inner layer or the outer layer integrally and in common with the support members in such an additive method, or both the inner layer and the outer layer together with the support members integrally in such an additive method, for example, already form 3-D pressure, either from the same or different plastics.

Die Herstellung erfolgt vorzugsweise aus für den 3-D Druck geeigneten Kunststoffen oder auch Formwachsen. Beispiele geeigneter Kunststoffe umfassen thermoplastische Kunststoffe, wie Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polylactid, Acrylbutadienstyrol und Polyethylenterephthalat sowie thermoplastische Elastomere, jeweils einzeln oder in Multimaterialkombinationen. Auch können entsprechende Gradientenmaterialien zum Aufbau oder als Oberflächenbeschichtung der Innenschicht, Außenschicht und/oder den Stützelementen zur Anwendung kommen. Die jeweilige Ausformung erfolgt insbesondere unter Zugrundelegung eines Digitalscans oder einer digitalisierten Abformung der zu schützenden und/oder zu unterstützenden Körperpartie.The preparation is preferably carried out for suitable for 3-D printing plastics or mold waxes. Examples of suitable plastics include thermoplastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polylactide, acrylbutadiene styrene and polyethylene terephthalate, as well as thermoplastic elastomers, either individually or in multi-material combinations. Corresponding gradient materials can also be used for the construction or as surface coating of the inner layer, outer layer and / or the support elements. The respective shaping takes place in particular on the basis of a digital scan or a digitized impression of the body part to be protected and / or to be supported.

Durch eine solche Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Strukturbauteils wird eine besonders effektive und für den Träger angenehme Kühlleistung erreicht, da bei Verformung der Innenschicht und/oder der Stützelemente eine Pumpwirkung auf das im Hohlraum befindliche und erwärmte Luftvolumen ausgeübt wird, welche über die vorhandenen Be- und Entlüftungsöffnungen zu einem zwangsweisen und selbsttätigen Luftaustausch des im Hohlraum befindlichen Volumens gegenüber der Atmosphäre führt, ggf. sogar in unterschiedlichen Zonen in unterschiedlicher Intensität. Mit der über die Entlüftungsöffnung ausströmenden Luft wird jeweils auch die aufgenommene Wärmeenergie an die Umgebung abgeführt und es strömt frische, kühlere Luft aus der Atmosphäre in den Hohlraum über die Belüftungsöffnung ein. Eine solche Pumpwirkung lässt sich beispielsweise durch Kontraktion der anliegenden Muskulatur an der Innenschicht selbsttätig und fortlaufend über die gesamte Dauer der Nutzung des erfindungsgemäßen Strukturbauteils bewirken und aufrechterhalten.By such an embodiment of the structural component according to the invention a particularly effective and comfortable for the wearer cooling performance is achieved, since upon deformation of the inner layer and / or the support elements, a pumping action on the cavity located in the heated and heated air volume is exerted, which via the existing ventilation openings leads to a forced and automatic air exchange of the volume in the cavity with respect to the atmosphere, possibly even in different zones in different intensity. With the air flowing out via the vent opening, in each case the heat energy absorbed is also discharged to the environment and fresh, cooler air from the atmosphere flows into the cavity via the ventilation opening. Such a pump action can be effected and maintained, for example, by contraction of the adjacent musculature on the inner layer automatically and continuously over the entire duration of use of the structural component according to the invention.

Nach einem weiteren Vorschlag der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, die Ventile der Be- und Entlüftungsöffnungen jeweils mit einer zugeordneten, manuell betätigbaren Absperreinrichtung zu versehen, mittels derer ein Luftdurchgang durch das jeweilige Ventil auch in Durchlaßrichtung verhinderbar ist. Auf diese Weise kann bewusst ein Luftaustausch zwischen dem luftgefüllten Hohlraum und der Atmosphäre mit dem damit verbundenen Wärmeabtransport verhindert werden. Somit kann z.B. bei sehr niedrigen Umgebungstemperaturen die solchermaßen im Hohlraum eingeschlossene Luft auch als Wärmeisolator verwendet werden und die anliegende Körperpartie vor Wärmeverlust effektiv schützen. Nach Aufhebung der Sperrwirkung der Absperreinrichtung steht die Kühlfunktion unmittelbar wieder zur Verfügung.According to a further proposal of the invention is provided, the valves of the ventilation openings each with an associated, manually operable shut-off device to provide, by means of which an air passage through the respective valve in the forward direction can be prevented. In this way, an air exchange between the air-filled cavity and the atmosphere with the associated heat dissipation can be deliberately prevented. Thus, for example, at very low ambient temperatures, the air thus trapped in the cavity can also be used as a heat insulator and effectively protect the adjacent body part from heat loss. After removing the blocking effect of the shut-off device, the cooling function is immediately available again.

Die Außenschicht des erfindungsgemäßen Strukturbauteiles kann aus einem geeigneten formstabilen bis starren Kunststoff, gegebenenfalls auch faserverstärkt hergestellt werden. Die erfindungsgemäß vorgesehenen Stützelemente sind in wenigstens einer Raumrichtung komprimierbar, was sowohl durch entsprechende Formgebung als auch durch die getroffene Materialauswahl oder eine Kombination derselben vorgegeben werden kann. Die gewünschte Ausbildung der Luftdurchgangsöffnungen kann entweder durch geeignete Beanstandung einzelner diskreter Stützelemente voneinander oder durch gezieltes Einbringen von Luftdurchgangsöffnungen in die Stützelementestruktur beim Erstellen derselben in einem additiven Verfahren bewirkt werden.The outer layer of the structural component according to the invention can be made of a suitable dimensionally stable to rigid plastic, optionally also fiber reinforced. The support elements provided according to the invention are compressible in at least one spatial direction, which can be predetermined both by appropriate shaping and by the material selection or a combination thereof. The desired formation of the air passage openings can be effected either by suitable complaint of individual discrete support elements from each other or by targeted introduction of air passage openings in the support element structure in creating the same in an additive process.

Die Außenschicht des erfindungsgemäßen Strukturbauteiles kann zur Erzielung der gewünschten Formstabilität eine größere Schichtdicke als die Innenschicht aufweisen. Zusätzlich oder alternativ kann die Innenschicht auch aus einem weichelastischen Kunststoffmaterial, zum Beispiel einem thermoplastischen Elastomer und die Außenschicht aus einem demgegenüber härteren Kunststoffmaterial, zum Beispiel ABS, hergestellt sein, um der Außenschicht die gewünschte Formstabilität und der Innenschicht die gewünschte flexible Verformbarkeit zu verleihen.The outer layer of the structural component according to the invention may have a greater layer thickness than the inner layer to achieve the desired dimensional stability. Additionally or alternatively, the inner layer can also be made of a soft elastic plastic material, for example a thermoplastic elastomer and the outer layer of a relatively harder plastic material, for example ABS, to give the outer layer the desired dimensional stability and the inner layer the desired flexible deformability.

Die Stützelemente können aufgrund ihrer Herstellung in einem additiven Verfahren in allen Raumrichtungen variabel gestaltet werden, zum Beispiel bereichsweise unterschiedlich gestaltet und/oder orientiert und/oder dimensioniert sein, um bereichsweise unterschiedliche Elastizitäten auszubilden und/oder den Luftstrom innerhalb des Hohlraumes gezielt hinsichtlich Größe und Richtung zu beeinflussen. Mittels der Stützelemente können auch Mehrkammersysteme innerhalb des Hohlraumes gebildet werden. Ferner können die Stützelemente auch bereichsweise aus unterschiedlich elastischen Kunststoffen hergestellt sein.The support elements can be made variable in all spatial directions due to their production in an additive process, for example, differently designed and / or oriented and / or dimensioned to form regions of different elasticities and / or the air flow within the cavity targeted in terms of size and direction to influence. By means of the support elements and multi-chamber systems can be formed within the cavity. Furthermore, the support elements may also be partially made of different elastic plastics.

Neben der Beeinflussung des Luftstromes innerhalb des Hohlraumes dient diese bereichsweise unterschiedliche Gestaltung der Stützelemente auch dazu, voneinander verschiedene Stabilitätseigenschaften bezogen auf einen Bereich oder eine Raumrichtung zu erzeugen, um zum Beispiel Bewegungsrichtungen der zugeordneten Körperpartie zu lenken, eine Entlastung oder Stützung bestimmter Bereiche durch erhöhte Elastizität oder erhöhte Formstabilität herbeizuführen oder auch die gezielte Freigabe oder Sperrung von Bewegungsrichtungen zu erzielen. Durch das im Rahmen der Erfindung verwendete Additive Herstellungsverfahren bieten sich dem Fachmann vielfältigste Gestaltungsfreiheiten.In addition to influencing the air flow within the cavity, this partially different design of the support elements also serves to produce different stability properties relative to an area or a spatial direction, for example, to direct directions of movement of the associated body part, a relief or support certain areas by increased elasticity or bring about increased dimensional stability or to achieve the targeted release or blocking of directions of movement. By means of the additive manufacturing method used in the context of the invention, a variety of design freedom is offered to the person skilled in the art.

Der Luftaustausch und der dadurch hervorgerufene Wärmeabtransport bewirkt eine passive Kühlung des erfindungsgemäßen Strukturbauteils, welche durch möglichst dünnwandige Ausführung der inneren Wandstärken, d. h. der Wandstärken der Innenschicht und/oder der Stützelemente weiter gesteigert werden kann.The exchange of air and the resulting heat removal causes a passive cooling of the structural component according to the invention, which by as thin-walled design of the inner wall thicknesses, d. H. the wall thicknesses of the inner layer and / or the support elements can be further increased.

Das erfindungsgemäße Strukturbauteil kann beispielsweise als Prothesenschaft, Liner, für umgreifende Konstruktionen, Anlageflächen und Manschetten von orthopädischen Hilfsmitteln und Orthesen, für Epithesen, wie Silikonversorgungen bzw. Kosmetikversorgungen, für Sportprotektoren und für orthopädische Schuhe, für Schutzwesten, Arbeitsschutzprotektoren und dergleichen mehr verwendet werden.The structural component according to the invention can be used, for example, as prosthesis socket, liner, for enclosing constructions, contact surfaces and cuffs of orthopedic aids and orthoses, for epitheses such as silicone supplies, for sports protectors and for orthopedic shoes, for protective vests, occupational safety protectors and the like.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Strukturbauteils ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Ansicht eines Strukturbauteils gemäß der Erfindung;
Figur 2
in perspektivischer vergrößerter Darstellung einen Schnitt durch das Strukturbauteil gemäß Figur 1;
Figur 3
die Darstellung gemäß Figur 2 mit einer teilweise transparenten Außenschicht;
Figur 4
eine weitere Schnittdarstellung des Strukturbauteils in vergrößertem Maßstab.
An embodiment of a structural component according to the invention is shown in the drawing. Show it:
FIG. 1
a view of a structural component according to the invention;
FIG. 2
in a perspective enlarged view of a section through the structural component according to FIG. 1 ;
FIG. 3
the representation according to FIG. 2 with a partially transparent outer layer;
FIG. 4
a further sectional view of the structural component in an enlarged scale.

Aus der Figur 1 ist ein Strukturbauteil 1 in Form eines Prothesenschaftes ersichtlich, welches vollständig aus einem geeigneten Kunststoffmaterial durch Schmelzschichtung in einem 3-D Drucker anhand eines digitalisierten Modells einer Körperpartie eines Patienten hergestellt worden ist.From the FIG. 1 For example, a structural member 1 in the form of a prosthetic socket is shown which has been made entirely of a suitable plastic material by melt stratification in a 3-D printer using a digitized model of a body part of a patient.

Wie auch aus den Schnittdarstellungen gemäß Figur 2 bis 4 ersichtlich, umfasst das Strukturbauteil 1 eine der hier nicht dargestellten Körperpartie zugewandte flexibel verformbare Innenschicht 12 und eine die Außenoberfläche des Strukturbauteils 1 bildende Außenschicht 10, zwischen denen Stützelemente 11 in einer regelmäßigen, rastermäßigen Anordnung verlaufen. Die Stützelemente 11 sind in Form von Stegen integral durch den angewandten 3-D Druck hergestellt und weisen eine Vielzahl von Luftdurchgangsöffnungen 110 auf, sodass sie eine Vielzahl von miteinander kommunizierenden benachbarten Zellen bilden, die gemeinsam einen zusammenhängenden Hohlraum 13 zwischen der Innenschicht 12 und der Außenschicht 10 definieren, welcher luftgefüllt ist.As well as from the sectional views according to FIGS. 2 to 4 1, the structural component 1 comprises a flexibly deformable inner layer 12 facing the body part, not shown here, and an outer layer 10 forming the outer surface of the structural component 1, between which support elements 11 run in a regular, grid-like arrangement. The support members 11 are made in the form of webs integrally by the applied 3-D pressure and have a plurality of air passage openings 110 so that they form a plurality of communicating adjacent cells, which together form a continuous cavity 13 between the inner layer 12 and the outer layer 10 define which is air-filled.

Aufgrund der Materialauswahl aus einem im Schmelzschichtverfahren verarbeitbaren thermoplastischen Kunststoff, der geometrischen Anordnung und der dünnen Wandstärke sind die einzelnen Stützelemente 11 elastisch verformbar, etwa bei Ausübung von Druckkräften ausgehend von der Innenschicht 12 in Richtung auf die Außenschicht 10.Due to the choice of material from a thermoplastic processable in the melt layer process, the geometric arrangement and the thin wall thickness, the individual support elements 11 are elastically deformable, for example when exerting compressive forces starting from the inner layer 12 in the direction of the outer layer 10th

Wie insbesondere aus der Darstellung gemäß Figur 4 ersichtlich, ist darüber hinaus die Außenschicht 10 in einer wesentlich größeren Materialstärke D ausgeführt als die Innenschicht 12 mit der deutlich verringerten Materialstärke d. Dies führt dazu, dass auch die Innenschicht flexibel verformbar ist, wohingegen die Außenschicht 10 formstabil und starr ausgebildet ist.As in particular from the illustration according to FIG. 4 it can be seen, moreover, the outer layer 10 is designed in a much greater material thickness D than the inner layer 12 with the significantly reduced material thickness d. This results in that the inner layer is flexible deformable, whereas the outer layer 10 is dimensionally stable and rigid.

Demzufolge sind die Innenschicht 12 sowie die hieran anschließende und ebenfalls eine Schicht ausbildende Lage der Stützelemente 11 elastisch verformbar, insbesondere gegenüber von der Innenschicht 12 in Richtung auf die Außenschicht 10 gerichteten Kräften in wenigstens einer Raumrichtung. Derartige Kräfte treten beispielsweise durch Kontraktion der anliegenden Muskulatur der Körperpartie auf, an der das Strukturbauteil 1 mit seiner Innenschicht 12 anliegt.Accordingly, the inner layer 12 and the adjoining thereto and also a layer forming layer of the support members 11 are elastically deformable, in particular opposite to the inner layer 12 in the direction of the outer layer 10 directed forces in at least one spatial direction. Such forces occur, for example, due to contraction of the adjacent musculature of the body part, against which the structural component 1 rests with its inner layer 12.

Darüber hinaus verfügt das Strukturbauteil 1 über mindestens eine Belüftungsöffnung, in die ein Einwegeventil 14 eingesetzt ist, welches einen Zustrom von Luft aus der Umgebung in den Hohlraum 13 gestattet und in entgegengesetzter Richtung blockiert. Ferner ist mindestens eine Entlüftungsöffnung vorgesehen, in die ein Einwegeventil 15 eingesetzt ist, welches das Ausströmen von Luft aus dem Hohlraum 13 in die Umgebung des Strukturbauteils 1 ermöglicht und in entgegengesetzter Richtung blockiert.In addition, the structural component 1 has at least one ventilation opening, in which a one-way valve 14 is inserted, which allows an influx of air from the environment into the cavity 13 and blocked in the opposite direction. Furthermore, at least one vent opening is provided, in which a one-way valve 15 is inserted, which allows the outflow of air from the cavity 13 into the environment of the structural component 1 and blocked in the opposite direction.

Sofern ein solches Strukturbauteil 1 an eine Körperpartie angesetzt wird, ergibt sich durch die wechselnde Be- und Entlastung sowie durch Muskelkontraktionen eine stetige elastische Verformung der Innenschicht 12 und der angrenzenden Stützelemente 11 gegenüber der starren Außenschicht 10, die sich aufgrund der elastischen Materialeigenschaften bei Entlastung wieder zurückstellt. Diese elastische Verformung und Rückstellung ruft innerhalb des luftgefüllten Hohlraumes 11 infolge der Vielzahl miteinander kommunizierender Luftdurchtrittsöffnungen 110 eine stetige Pumpwirkung auf das Luftvolumen innerhalb des Hohlraumes 11 hervor, wobei verdrängtes Luftvolumen über die Entlüftungsöffnung mit Einwegeventil 15 an die umgebende Atmosphäre abgegeben wird und entsprechendes Luftvolumen über die Belüftungsöffnung mit Einwegeventil 14 aus der umgebenden Atmosphäre nachströmt. Dies bewirkt einen stetigen Luftaustausch innerhalb des Hohlraumes 13 des Strukturbauteils 1, wodurch die in der Luftfüllung des Hohlraumes 13 aufgenommene Wärmeenergie bei jeder Pumpbewegung und dadurch hervorgerufenen Gas- bzw. Luftaustausch an die umgebende Atmosphäre abgegeben wird.If such a structural component 1 is applied to a body part, the alternating loading and unloading as well as muscle contractions result in a continuous elastic deformation of the inner layer 12 and of the adjoining support elements 11 relative to the rigid outer layer 10 which, due to the elastic material properties, relieves relief resets. This elastic deformation and recovery calls within the air-filled cavity 11 due to the plurality of communicating air passage openings 110 a steady pumping action on the volume of air within the cavity 11, said displaced air volume is discharged through the vent with one-way valve 15 to the surrounding atmosphere and corresponding air volume on the Ventilation opening with one-way valve 14 flows from the surrounding atmosphere. This causes a steady exchange of air within the cavity 13 of the structural component 1, whereby the thermal energy absorbed in the air filling of the cavity 13 is discharged at each pumping movement and thereby caused gas or air exchange to the surrounding atmosphere.

Somit erreicht das beschriebene Strukturbauteil 1 allein durch bestimmungsgemäßen Gebrauch an der zu schützenden und/oder zu unterstützenden Körperpartie eine stetige passive Kühlung durch Abfuhr der aufgenommenen Wärme ohne externe Energieversorgung und während der gesamten Gebrauchsdauer.Thus, the structural component 1 described achieved solely by proper use of the body part to be protected and / or support a continuous passive cooling by dissipating the heat absorbed without external power supply and during the entire period of use.

Der Tragekomfort eines solchen Strukturbauteils 1 wird dadurch enorm gesteigert.The wearing comfort of such a structural component 1 is thereby increased enormously.

Es versteht sich, dass die räumliche Gestaltung des Strukturbauteils 1 sowie der Stützelemente 11 nicht auf das dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel beschränkt ist sondern vom Fachmann je nach Anwendungsfall ausgewählt und abgewandelt werden kann. Aufgrund der Herstellung in einem additiven Verfahren lässt sich die Geometrie in weiten Grenzen beeinflussen.It is understood that the spatial configuration of the structural component 1 and the support elements 11 is not limited to the illustrated embodiment but can be selected and modified by the skilled person depending on the application. Due to the production in an additive process, the geometry can be influenced within wide limits.

Claims (9)

Strukturbauteil (1) für den Schutz und/oder die Unterstützung einer Körperpartie, umfassend eine der Körperpartie zugewandte flexibel verformbare Innenschicht (12) und eine formstabile Außenschicht (10), wobei die Innen- und Außenschicht (12, 10) einen luftgefüllten Hohlraum (13) umschließen, der über mindestens eine Be- und Entlüftungsöffnung mit der Umgebung kommuniziert und innerhalb des Hohlraumes (13) eine Vielzahl elastisch verformbarer Stützelemente (11) angeordnet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stützelemente (11) integral einstückig mit der Außen- und Innenschicht (10, 12) hergestellt sind und eine Vielzahl von Luftdurchgangsöffnungen (110) aufweisen, so dass sie eine Vielzahl von miteinander kommunizierenden benachbarten Zellen ausbilden, die gemeinsam den luftgefüllten Hohlraum (13) bilden und der Hohlraum (13) mit der Atmosphäre über mindestens eine gemeinsame Be- und Entlüftungsöffnung oder jeweils mindestens eine separate Belüftungs- und Entlüftungsöffnung kommuniziert, die mit einem Ventil (14, 15) versehen sind.Structural component (1) for protecting and / or supporting a body part, comprising a flexibly deformable inner layer (12) facing the body part and a dimensionally stable outer layer (10), wherein the inner and outer layers (12, 10) comprise an air-filled cavity (13 ), which communicates with the environment via at least one ventilation opening and within the cavity (13) a plurality of elastically deformable support elements (11) are arranged, characterized in that the support elements (11) integrally integral with the outer and inner layer (10, 12) and having a plurality of air passage openings (110) so as to form a plurality of adjacent cells communicating with each other, which together form the air filled cavity (13) and the cavity (13) with the atmosphere via at least one common ventilation opening or at least one separate ventilation and Entl ftungsöffnung communicates, which are provided with a valve (14, 15). Strukturbauteil (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Hohlraum (13) in mehrere Zonen unterteilt ist, die unabhängig voneinander mit der Atmosphäre über mindestens eine gemeinsame Be- und Entlüftungsöffnung oder jeweils mindestens eine separate Belüftungs- und Entlüftungsöffnung kommunizieren, die mit einem Ventil (14, 15) versehen sind.Structural component (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity (13) is subdivided into several zones which communicate independently with the atmosphere via at least one common ventilation opening or at least one separate ventilation and venting opening with a valve (14, 15) are provided. Strukturbauteil (1) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Innenschicht (12), die Stützelemente (11) und die Außenschicht (10) in einem additiven Verfahren aus mindestens einem Kunststoffmaterial gebildet sind.Structural component (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the inner layer (12), the support elements (11) and the outer layer (10) are formed in an additive process of at least one plastic material. Strukturbauteil (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Kunststoffmaterial in einem 3D-Drucker durch Schmelzschichtung zur Ausbildung zumindest der Stützelemente (11) verarbeitet ist.Structural component (1) according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the plastic material is processed in a 3D printer by melt stratification to form at least the support elements (11). Strukturbauteil (1) nach Anspruch einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jedes Ventil (14, 15) mit einer Absperreinrichtung ausgebildet ist, mittels derer ein Luftdurchgang durch das Ventil verhinderbar ist.Structural component (1) according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that each valve (14, 15) is formed with a shut-off device by means of which an air passage through the valve can be prevented. Strukturbauteil (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Außenschicht (10) eine größere Dicke (D) als die Innenschicht (12) aufweist.Structural component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the outer layer (10) has a greater thickness (D) than the inner layer (12). Strukturbauteil (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Innenschicht (12) aus einem weichelastischen Kunststoffmaterial und die Außenschicht (10) aus einem demgegenüber härteren Kunststoffmaterial hergestellt ist.Structural component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the inner layer (12) made of a soft elastic plastic material and the outer layer (10) is made of a contrast harder plastic material. Strukturbauteil (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stützelemente (11) bereichsweise unterschiedlich gestaltet und/oder bereichsweise unterschiedlich elastisch ausgebildet sind.Structural component (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the support elements (11) are designed differently in regions and / or partially differently elastically formed. Verwendung eines Strukturbauteiles (1) gemäß einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche als Prothesenschaft, Liner, Orthesenteil oder Sportprotektor.Use of a structural component (1) according to one of the preceding claims as a prosthesis shaft, liner, orthotic part or sports protector.
EP18206456.8A 2017-11-17 2018-11-15 Structural component for protecting and/or supporting a body part Active EP3485750B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021122597A1 (en) * 2019-12-18 2021-06-24 Ottobock Se & Co. Kgaa Prosthesis socket and method for producing same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3999220A (en) * 1976-04-22 1976-12-28 Keltner Raymond O Air-cushioned protective gear
DE8323662U1 (en) * 1983-08-17 1983-12-22 Muehlenberg, Emil, 5630 Remscheid Two-wheeled rider's clothing
EP1588636B1 (en) 2004-04-22 2009-08-26 Spyke S.r.l. Protective device particularly for sports clothing
EP2196173A2 (en) * 2008-12-11 2010-06-16 Materialise NV Orthotic or prosthetic cushioned device and method of making the same
WO2014111433A1 (en) 2013-01-16 2014-07-24 KTJ Kunststofftechnik Junker GmbH Multi-layer body protection element
EP2740375B1 (en) 2012-12-10 2017-06-21 W+R GmbH Body protector

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3999220A (en) * 1976-04-22 1976-12-28 Keltner Raymond O Air-cushioned protective gear
DE8323662U1 (en) * 1983-08-17 1983-12-22 Muehlenberg, Emil, 5630 Remscheid Two-wheeled rider's clothing
EP1588636B1 (en) 2004-04-22 2009-08-26 Spyke S.r.l. Protective device particularly for sports clothing
EP2196173A2 (en) * 2008-12-11 2010-06-16 Materialise NV Orthotic or prosthetic cushioned device and method of making the same
EP2740375B1 (en) 2012-12-10 2017-06-21 W+R GmbH Body protector
WO2014111433A1 (en) 2013-01-16 2014-07-24 KTJ Kunststofftechnik Junker GmbH Multi-layer body protection element

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2021122597A1 (en) * 2019-12-18 2021-06-24 Ottobock Se & Co. Kgaa Prosthesis socket and method for producing same

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DE102017127176A1 (en) 2019-05-23

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