EP3485455A1 - Procédé et dispositif de détermination de tailles de lots optimales - Google Patents
Procédé et dispositif de détermination de tailles de lots optimalesInfo
- Publication number
- EP3485455A1 EP3485455A1 EP16758139.6A EP16758139A EP3485455A1 EP 3485455 A1 EP3485455 A1 EP 3485455A1 EP 16758139 A EP16758139 A EP 16758139A EP 3485455 A1 EP3485455 A1 EP 3485455A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- costs
- family
- circuit board
- per
- setup
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
- G06Q10/043—Optimisation of two dimensional placement, e.g. cutting of clothes or wood
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/04—Forecasting or optimisation specially adapted for administrative or management purposes, e.g. linear programming or "cutting stock problem"
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Information and communication technology [ICT] specially adapted for implementation of business processes of specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/04—Manufacturing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
- H05K13/003—Placing of components on belts holding the terminals
- H05K13/0038—Placing of components on belts holding the terminals placing the components in a predetermined order
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or adjusting assemblages of electric components
- H05K13/08—Monitoring manufacture of assemblages
- H05K13/085—Production planning, e.g. of allocation of products to machines, of mounting sequences at machine or facility level
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/30—Computing systems specially adapted for manufacturing
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for determining optimum lot sizes for the assembly of printed circuit boards with components within a placement line. Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for a
- the invention relates to a computer program product and a computer readable medium.
- SMT surface mounting technology
- a manufacturer of SMT placement machines (pick and place) and systems with the product name SIPLACE is, for example, ASM
- An armor can be held on one or more armor tables, which can easily be exchanged on the placement machine.
- upgrading a set-up table with components of predetermined types of components is expensive.
- the armor is therefore often distinguished in hardwares and variant armors, with a hardtable table intended to retain its composition of component types over a predetermined planning period, while a variant armor table is expected to be converted within the planning period.
- assemblies (or printed circuit boards) to be manufactured are produced in orders with predefined batch sizes.
- a set-up family is a set of construction ⁇ groups that can be produced with a component armor of the placement line.
- a set-up family also called cluster, comprises a lot of lots that are within one
- Static setup groups are setup groups based on medium-term view ⁇ (6-12 months) are formed. Foreseen in this time ⁇ space modules are divided into setup families and formed preconceived armor for it. Is used in a short In the long-term planning period, which can be, for example, a time interval of one day, equipped with a static set-up family, not all assemblies of this set-up family are usually produced, but only those for which orders are currently available. The use of static setup families is common practice in many electronics plants. The arrival of orders is rather random and usually can not be planned. Even if two assemblies always once a week must be manufactured, can not be scheduled in the rule that this is done on the same day of the week and the armor of setup group may thus even less equipped to ⁇ would.
- the orders can relate to virtually any period in the future. It is usually not - or not exactly - known when an order actually exists, so when the job is to be executed.
- the operation of the assembly plants ⁇ ckungsline usually follows a predetermined cycle, and it is known in each case for a coming period, wel ⁇ che orders are to be processed.
- the probability of Order indicates how likely an order should be to run in any period.
- the invention claims a method for determining optimal batch sizes for the assembly of printed circuit boards with components within a placement line
- Loosely called is to be divided, which are manufactured on the Pla ⁇ planning period distributed as production orders in time evenly,
- the lot size of a board type represents the number of boards in a subset
- a setup family with associated armor comprises a set of circuit board types that can be fabricated with the associated armor, the method comprising the steps of:
- An essential advantage of the invention is that with the optimized lot sizes an optimal balance between the costs for the setup and storage space or storage costs is created.
- a time interval corresponds to a short-term planning period and is typically one day.
- the modules that need to be made in ei ⁇ nem such time interval are produced in the specified setup groups.
- the armor of a given set-up family is upgraded at most once in a time interval. Eventually such armor will not be fully upgraded. It will be equipped only Bauele ⁇ mente then necessary for fitting in to be produced in this time interval assemblies.
- the method may additionally include the following steps, which are taken into account for optimizing the lot size:
- the set-up costs per setup group correspond to the expected ⁇ th setup costs per setup group. These may consist of the ermit ⁇ telten expected values, the acquired set-up costs mentioned and the number of time intervals are calculated within the planning time ⁇ space.
- a development of the invention provides that every possible starting time interval for the determined time intervals between the production orders of a printed circuit board type within the planning period is equally probable and un ⁇ dependent on other types of printed circuit board.
- Optimizing the batch sizes can be with an iterative optimization method with a predeterminable initial value Runaway ⁇ leads.
- the optimization can also or alternatively be done by means of so-called nonlinear optimization.
- nonlinear optimization In a further embodiment of the invention, the
- Setup costs per setup family always fixed amounts.
- Koen ⁇ nen also setup group per each equal amounts or having different amounts for each setup group.
- the total cost of upkeep may be variable by taking into account the cost of equipping one or more required components in an armor in the total cost of the armor.
- the amount of set-up costs of a set-up family in the named time interval can be dependent on the subset of the component types that are sufficient for the respective production orders.
- a further aspect of the invention provides a device for determining optimum lot sizes for the placement of printed circuit boards with components within a placement line
- the lot size of a board type represents the number of boards in a subset
- a setup family with associated armor comprises a set of circuit board types that can be fabricated with the associated armor
- PCBs from the sum of the storage costs per PCB type depending on the lot sizes, and
- the apparatus may include means and / or units or devices and / or provide modules for performing the above method which may be marked respectively as hardware and / or firmware moderately and / or software or as Computerpro ⁇ program or computer program product.
- the device can be developed according to the method described above.
- Another aspect of the invention provides an assembly system comprising such a device according to the invention.
- This assembly system can be part of a system.
- the plant may be characterized among other things by one of the following plant types. Examples for this are:
- Another aspect of the invention is a computer program product or a computer program having means for performing the above method when the program Computerpro ⁇ (-product) is placed in an above-mentioned device or means in the device for execution.
- the computer program or product can be stored on a computer-readable medium.
- the computer program or product can be created in a common programming language (eg C ++, yes ⁇ va).
- the processing device may include a commercially available computer or server with corresponding input, output and storage means. This processing device can be integrated in the device or in its means.
- Fig. 3 three graphics with stock q and setup time ⁇ points, if the orders left on the days 1, 4, 7, ..., middle on days 2, 5, 8, or right on days 3, 6 , 9, ... arrive;
- Fig. 4 is a graph with stock q and setup time ⁇ points with 2 and 3 day orders in a cluster
- Fig. 5 diagrammatically various cluster Jostungskonstel- simulations for a total period length of 6 Ta ⁇ gen.
- the mounting system 100 includes one or more pick and place ⁇ lines 110 and a processing or control device 115.
- Each assembly line 110 comprises an optional Trans ⁇ port system 125 and one or more placement machine 130.
- Each pick and place machine 130 includes one or a plurality of mounting heads 135, which are each adapted to receive from a setup table 140 components 155 and at a predetermined position on the circuit board 120 to positio ⁇ kidney, which is located on the transport system 125.
- the printed circuit board 120 usually stands still with respect to the automatic placement machine 130.
- the setup tables 140 each comprise a multiplicity of feed devices 150, of which only one is shown by way of example in FIG.
- Each feeder 150 holds a supply of ready devices 155 of a predetermined type components ⁇ 160th
- the feed ⁇ device 150 typically has a capacity that can be expressed in trace amounts.
- a track is usually 8 mm wide and the number of tracks of a Josttischs 140 is limited, for example to 40.
- Components 155 of the moving ⁇ chen type components 160 are usually provided in a belt, on a tray or in a tube.
- Each type of device 160 requires on the feed device 150 and the set-up table 140 a predetermined number of tracks, the üb ⁇ SHORT- contiguous.
- Liche supply means can be attached to a set-up table 140,150.
- ⁇ be understood that a stock of components 155 of a type Bauimplantation 160 on a feed device 150 is virtually infinite, so retrofitting is not required.
- a component 155 of a component type 160 requires that the Jostti ⁇ cal 140 is not present on a, it is usually not changed to ⁇ order of components 155 at one of the attached Gansttician 140, but the set-up table 140 is fully against another, suitably equipped arming table 140 exchanged.
- the loading of a set-up table 140 with components 155 not mounted on the placement line 110 is called pre-equipment and may require a processing time in the range of one or more hours, for example about 6-8 hours.
- Setup table 140 can be complex and tedious, wei ⁇ ter is trying to form as few armor as possible tocuit a predetermined production amount of printed circuit boards 120 to make certain PCB types 122.
- the production quantity here comprises a plurality of printed circuit board types 122, of which in each case a predetermined number of printed circuit boards 120 is to be equipped with components 155 of predetermined component types 160.
- 300 printed circuit boards 120 of a first printed circuit board type 122 and 200 printed circuit boards 120 of a second printed circuit board type 122 can be equipped.
- An armor 165, 170 comprises a set of component types 160, and is realized by one or more Rüsttician 140, which are equipped with supplies of components 155 of the component types 160 of the arms 165, 170 and attached to the assembly plants ⁇ ckungsline 110th
- the armor 165, 170 is assigned to a set-up family 175, which comprises printed circuit board types 122, of which printed circuit boards 120 can be equipped by means of components 155 of the component types 160 of the armor 165, 170.
- a setup group 175 is ge ⁇ precisely an armor 165, assigned to 170 and vice versa.
- the armor may be differentiated into hardwares 165 and variant armor 170, where a hardshell 165 is intended to remain unaltered on a number of shuttle tables 140 for a predetermined scheduling period, while an upgrade table 140 of an option armor 170 is expected to be shipped within the planning period. elements 155 of other types of components 160 is retrofitted.
- the planning period can carry, for example, 6 to 12 months be ⁇ .
- variant armoring 165 usually is considerably shorter than the planning period, for example over several hours or days, but usually not over more than one week .
- a static armor which carries elements of the festoon 165 and the variant armor 170.
- the static armor is formed for a longer period of time, over which it usually remains unchanged.
- the static defense remains common ⁇ not be upgraded, so as armor-Nazi physically 140 to set-up implemented, but can also be downgraded again after use.
- the static armor is administratively often easier to handle than a hard suit 165 or a variant armor 170. If the static armor is not disarmed after its use, can also be spoken of a festive 165. Are where otherwise indicated below, preferably static setup groups and meant to them ⁇ parent static armor.
- the armor 165, 170 can be replaced as needed on the assembly line 110.
- a set-up table 140 while it is not mounted on the assembly line 110, is usually prepared with provisions of components 155. certain component types 160 upgraded. Already agos ⁇ tete components 155 not required types of components 160 may be previously disarmed. This retrofitting can involve a significant amount of manual labor and be time consuming.
- control device 115 assigns each type of printed circuit board 122, whose associated printed circuit boards 120 are to be loaded on the assembly line 110, to a set-up family 175, with sets of arming families 175 each being assigned to a fixed piece of equipment 165. and variant armor setup families 175, each associated with a variant armor 170, may be formed.
- a hard armor may be formed 165 for a (large as possible) of the board types 122, for example, for a given Pro ⁇ production quantity of board types 122 in a first step, whereupon formed in a second step the remaining part of the board types 122 variant armor 170 ,
- the quality of these associations decide to a large extent on how well the means of production of the mounting system 100 may be working at full capacity and how efficiently it stocked who can ⁇ .
- a graph shows the situation when orders arrive every two days. The stock q is plotted on the y-axis. The days are plotted with 1 on the x-axis. The intersection between Lürab ⁇ gangsline and x-axis is the so-called setup time, with setup time means that the armor (Setup) is prepared for this set-up family (cluster) on this day.
- Example (3) A setup family consists of two module types, a 2-day and a 3-day module type.
- FIG. 4 shows possible setup times for the armor of the setup family.
- the set-up family is upgraded on days 2, 3, 5 and 7.
- the total period length for the modules is the lowest common multiple (kgV) of the individual period lengths. For the two module types in the example, it is 6.
- the resulting cluster armor for the 6 different constellations on the 6 days in the overall period are shown in FIG.
- the expected number of clusters for the 6 days is therefore 4. On one day, the expected number of clusters is therefore 1.5.
- the total costs result from the sum of the total set-up costs and the total storage costs.
- the armor of a static set-up family is upgraded, not all of the component types of the armor are upgraded, but only those that are necessary for the production of the jobs to be produced.
- the set-up costs of a set-up family in the mentioned time tervall, in the example a day depending on the subset of device types that are sufficient for the respective (manufacturing) jobs. In the model, this can be taken into account and the setup effort can be determined in even greater detail.
- setup cost K ci that were initially Darge ⁇ provides in this section could be used as fixed costs of armaments and consider setup costs from enhancement (1) as variable setup costs.
- setup costs from enhancement (1) as variable setup costs.
- the cost of equipping one or more required components in an armor is then included in the total cost of the armor. Combinations of both (fixed and variable setup costs) are also conceivable.
- the steps can be carried out iteratively and a program abort occurs when a previously determined te time limit or result quality (see, for example, the above balance ⁇ unit ) is achieved.
- solver is a collective term for special mathematical computer programs that can numerically solve mathematical problems.
- MIP mixed integer linear programming
- standard solvers such as e.g. CPLEX, Scip, Gurobi, Xpress can be used.
- MINLP non-linear integer optimization
- NB constraints
- SUC ⁇ gen which (collectively referred to as computer readable storage) on computer readable storage media or volatile computer memories gen.
- Computer-readable memory for example, volatile storage such as caches, buffers, or RAM and non-volatile memory as Kirda ⁇ pinion carrier, hard disks, etc.
- the functions or steps described above may be in the form of at least one instruction set in / on a computer-readable memory.
- the functions or steps are not tied to a particular instruction set or to a particular form of instruction sets, or to a particular storage medium or to a particular processor or to specific design schemes and can by software, firmware, microcode, hardware, Prozes ⁇ sors, integrated circuits, etc. are carried out alone or in any combination.
- a variety of processing strategies can be used, such as serial processing by a single program. processor or multiprocessing or multitasking or parallel processing etc.
- the instructions may be stored in local memories, but it is also possible to store the instructions on a remote system and access them via network.
- processor central signal processing
- Control unit or “data evaluation means” as here USAGE ⁇ det, processing means includes in the broad sense, that is, for example, servers, general purpose processors, Gardnerluxo ⁇ ren, digital signal processors, application specific inte ⁇ grated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic circuits, such as FPGAs, discrete analog or digital circuits and be ⁇ undesirables combinations thereof, and any other processing means known in the art or developed in the future.
- Processors can consist of one or more devices or devices or units. If a processor consists of several devices, these can be designed or configured for the parallel or sequential processing or execution of instructions.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Human Resources & Organizations (AREA)
- Strategic Management (AREA)
- Economics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Operations Research (AREA)
- Marketing (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Tourism & Hospitality (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Game Theory and Decision Science (AREA)
- Quality & Reliability (AREA)
- Entrepreneurship & Innovation (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2016/069982 WO2018036622A1 (fr) | 2016-08-24 | 2016-08-24 | Procédé et dispositif de détermination de tailles de lots optimales |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3485455A1 true EP3485455A1 (fr) | 2019-05-22 |
Family
ID=56851574
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP16758139.6A Ceased EP3485455A1 (fr) | 2016-08-24 | 2016-08-24 | Procédé et dispositif de détermination de tailles de lots optimales |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11157840B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3485455A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN109844794A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2018036622A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3474650B1 (fr) * | 2017-10-19 | 2020-12-09 | Sick Ag | Procédé d'élaboration d'un ensemble d'adaptation pour une machine de montage de composants |
CN113313366A (zh) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-08-27 | 格力电器(南京)有限公司 | 一种电子产品stm分镞定线生产方法及系统 |
WO2023043601A1 (fr) * | 2021-09-16 | 2023-03-23 | Siemens Corporation | Système et procédé pour prendre en charge l'exécution d'une production par lots en utilisant l'apprentissage par renforcement |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP4737735B2 (ja) | 2001-05-01 | 2011-08-03 | 学校法人東海大学 | 多品目多工程ロットサイズスケジューリング方法 |
US7027885B1 (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2006-04-11 | Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. | Determining batch start versus delay |
US8468527B2 (en) * | 2007-04-16 | 2013-06-18 | Xerox Corporation | Method and system for optimal batching in a production environment |
US8447423B2 (en) * | 2009-11-30 | 2013-05-21 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Method and apparatus for optimizing a performance index of a bulk product blending and packaging plant |
DE102012211810A1 (de) * | 2012-07-06 | 2014-02-20 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Bildung von Rüstfamilien auf Bestückungslinien |
DE102012220904B4 (de) * | 2012-11-15 | 2016-05-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Bildung von Festrüstungs-Rüstfamilien zur Bestückung von Leiterplatten |
DE102012221258A1 (de) * | 2012-11-21 | 2014-05-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Optimieren von Rüstfamilien |
DE102012221259A1 (de) * | 2012-11-21 | 2014-05-22 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Optimieren von Rüstfamilien |
DE102015200420A1 (de) | 2015-01-14 | 2016-07-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und System zur Bestückung von Leiterplatten |
-
2016
- 2016-08-24 US US16/327,554 patent/US11157840B2/en active Active
- 2016-08-24 CN CN201680090360.2A patent/CN109844794A/zh active Pending
- 2016-08-24 WO PCT/EP2016/069982 patent/WO2018036622A1/fr unknown
- 2016-08-24 EP EP16758139.6A patent/EP3485455A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2018036622A1 (fr) | 2018-03-01 |
CN109844794A (zh) | 2019-06-04 |
US20190213508A1 (en) | 2019-07-11 |
US11157840B2 (en) | 2021-10-26 |
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