EP3484185A1 - Modellierung einer menge von akustischen übertragungsfunktionen einer person, 3d-soundkarte und 3d-sound-reproduktionssystem - Google Patents

Modellierung einer menge von akustischen übertragungsfunktionen einer person, 3d-soundkarte und 3d-sound-reproduktionssystem Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3484185A1
EP3484185A1 EP18000887.2A EP18000887A EP3484185A1 EP 3484185 A1 EP3484185 A1 EP 3484185A1 EP 18000887 A EP18000887 A EP 18000887A EP 3484185 A1 EP3484185 A1 EP 3484185A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
individual
transfer functions
acoustic transfer
given direction
stimulus
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EP18000887.2A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3484185B1 (de
Inventor
Rozenn Nicol
Julian MOREIRA
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Orange SA
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Orange SA
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
    • H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
    • H04S7/305—Electronic adaptation of stereophonic audio signals to reverberation of the listening space
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
    • H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/175—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound
    • G10K11/178—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase
    • G10K11/1781—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using interference effects; Masking sound by electro-acoustically regenerating the original acoustic waves in anti-phase characterised by the analysis of input or output signals, e.g. frequency range, modes, transfer functions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S3/00—Systems employing more than two channels, e.g. quadraphonic
    • H04S3/002—Non-adaptive circuits, e.g. manually adjustable or static, for enhancing the sound image or the spatial distribution
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3023—Estimation of noise, e.g. on error signals
    • G10K2210/30232—Transfer functions, e.g. impulse response
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K2210/00—Details of active noise control [ANC] covered by G10K11/178 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
    • G10K2210/30—Means
    • G10K2210/301—Computational
    • G10K2210/3055—Transfer function of the acoustic system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS 
    • H04S2420/00—Techniques used stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
    • H04S2420/01—Enhancing the perception of the sound image or of the spatial distribution using head related transfer functions [HRTF's] or equivalents thereof, e.g. interaural time difference [ITD] or interaural level difference [ILD]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the modeling of individual acoustic transfer functions relating to the hearing of an individual in three-dimensional space.
  • An effective technique for positioning sound sources in space is binaural synthesis.
  • binaural filters represent acoustic transfer functions also called HRTFs (for "Head Related Transfer Functions") which model the transformations generated by the torso, the head and the horn of the listener on the signal coming from a sound source.
  • HRTFs Head Related Transfer Functions
  • Each sound source position is associated with a pair of individual Acoustic Transfer Functions (an individual acoustic transfer function for the right ear, an individual acoustic transfer function for the left ear).
  • the individual acoustic transfer functions carry the acoustic imprint of the morphology of the individual on which they were measured.
  • Individual Acoustic Transfer Functions therefore depend not only on the direction of the sound, but also on the individual. They are thus a function of the frequency f, the position ( ⁇ , ⁇ ) of the sound source (where the angle ⁇ represents the azimuth and the angle ⁇ the elevation), of the ear (left or right) and the individual.
  • the individual acoustic transfer functions are obtained by the measurement. Initially, a selection of directions, which cover more or less finely all of the space surrounding the listener, is fixed. For each direction, the individual left and right acoustic transfer functions are measured by means of microphones inserted at the entrance of a subject's ear canal. The measurement must be performed in an anechoic chamber (or "deaf room”). Finally, if M directions are measured, for a given subject, a database of 2M acoustic transfer functions representing each position of space for each ear is obtained.
  • the experimental measurement of individual acoustic transfer functions directly on an individual is currently the most reliable solution to obtain binaural filters of quality and really individualized (taking into account the individual specificities of the morphology of the individual) .
  • An object of the invention is a method for modeling sets of acoustic transfer functions specific to an individual according to a multiplicity of directions of space, in which a set of acoustic transfer functions specific to an individual in a given direction the multiplicity of directions is determined according to the result of a statistical analysis of several distinct stimuli emitted to the individual, a stimulus being a function of at least one set of predetermined acoustic transfer functions associated with the given direction, and responses received from the individual to each stimulus emitted.
  • the invention is more reliable and more robust than a simple selection of a set of acoustic transfer functions in a database and overcomes the disadvantage of the critical acquisition of the 3D mesh of the individual morphology used by the classical numerical modeling.
  • several stimuli are generated as a function of at least one set of predetermined acoustic transfer functions associated with the given direction.
  • a stimulus results from the addition of noise to a set of average acoustic transfer functions associated with the given direction calculated as a function of sets of acoustic transfer functions recorded in a database of acoustic transfer functions and associated with the direction given.
  • the generation of stimuli being based on a set of acoustic transfer functions, it makes it possible to simplify the modeling of the acoustic transfer function specific to an individual based on this same acoustic transfer function used to generate the stimuli.
  • the statistical analysis uses the psychophysical technique of inverse correlation.
  • the various steps of the method according to the invention are implemented by software or computer program, this software comprising software instructions intended to be executed by a data processor of a computer.
  • device forming part of a terminal, such as a communication terminal, and being designed to control the execution of the various steps of this method.
  • This program can use any programming language and be in the form of source code, object code or intermediate code between source code and object code such as in a partially compiled form or in any other desirable form.
  • An object of the invention is also a modeller of sets of acoustic transfer functions specific to an individual according to a multiplicity of spatial directions, comprising a generator of acoustic transfer function sets specific to an individual in one direction. given the multiplicity of directions from the result of a statistical analysis of several distinct stimuli emitted to the individual, a stimulus being a function of at least one set of predetermined acoustic transfer functions associated with the given direction, and responses received from the individual to each stimulus emitted.
  • the system comprises a headset on which the two speakers of the set of speakers are arranged so that each of the two speakers is placed on one of the two ears of the individual when the headset is placed on its head, and in that the set of acoustic transfer functions is a pair of corresponding transfer functions.
  • the figure 1 illustrates a simplified diagram of a method of modeling a set of individual acoustic transfer functions according to the invention.
  • the method of modeling sets of acoustic transfer functions TFI_MD is specific to an individual following a multiplicity of directions of space.
  • This method of modeling TFI_MD comprises a determination TFI_DT of a set of functions of acoustic transfers (tf 1, di U , ... tf N, di U ) specific to an individual U in a given direction di of the multiplicity of directions in function of the result r di U of a statistical analysis of several distinct stimuli ⁇ (s 1, di j , ... s N, di j )) ⁇ j sent to the individual U, and of responses ⁇ s j , di U ⁇ j received from the individual U to each stimulus emitted.
  • a stimulus is a function of at least one set of predetermined acoustic transfer functions associated with the given direction.
  • direction of the space associated with an acoustic transfer function is meant in particular a direction relative to the user in which a virtual source is created by means of modeling.
  • the modeling method TFI_MD comprises a statistical analysis ST_NLZ by di direction of the space of the emitted stimuli (s 1.di ... S N.di ) and responses a di U received.
  • a stimulus s 1, di j ... s N, di j results from the addition + of noise n j to a set of average acoustic transfer functions avg ⁇ tf 1, di k ⁇ k ... avg ⁇ tf N, di k ⁇ k associated with the given direction di calculated as a function of sets of acoustic transfer functions recorded in a database of acoustic transfer functions tf_bdd and associated with the given direction.
  • a set of average acoustic transfer functions is understood to mean an average acoustic transfer function per reproduction channel, in particular in the case of binaural synthesis: a mean acoustic transfer function for the right ear and a mean acoustic transfer function for the right ear. left ear of user U.
  • statistical analysis ST_NLZ uses the psychophysical technique of inverse correlation. It is based on high-level observation of perceptual processes and is based on a test phase during which the modeling process TFI_WD subjects the individual to a set of stimuli obtained by adding noise to a neutral stimulus (for example an average of acoustic transfer functions) and observes the responses of the individual U to these different stimuli.
  • the modeling process TFI_MD identifies TFI_DT the perceptual filters, in this case the individual acoustic transfer functions, associated with the studied perceptual process, that is to say the properties of the stimuli which determine a given perceptive response.
  • the modeling method is based on perception to identify the acoustic transfer functions specific to an individual.
  • a pair of neutral binaural filters (that is to say a set of so-called neutral acoustic transfer functions) is calculated by averaging AVG several sets of measured HRTF acoustic transfer functions. in the frontal direction for a wide selection of panel members (possibly pre-recorded in a database of acoustic transfer function sets tf_bdd).
  • a set of synthesized S_GN spatialized stimuli with binaural filters obtained by adding + noise n j to the pair of neutral filters is broadcast S_TR to the listener, that is to say the individual U for which the TFI_MD modeling process determines the set of custom acoustic transfer functions,
  • the addition of noise relates to the spectral profile.
  • the listener U For each emitted stimulus, the listener U indicates whether he perceives it correctly spatialized (that is to say in the direction di that the modelization TFI_MD tries to reproduce, in this case the frontal direction and outside of the head) or not. This indication of the listener U is the answer received by A_REC during the TFI_MD modeling.
  • the analysis ST_NLZ of the statistical relations between the stimuli and the answers of the author makes it possible to determine TFI_DT the spectral profile adapted to the listener U and guaranteeing the correct reproduction of the sounds in the modelized direction di, in this case the frontal direction .
  • This modeling process TFI_MD can be applied to any other direction.
  • a particular embodiment of the modeling method is a program comprising program code instructions for performing the steps of the modeling method when said program is executed by a processor.
  • the figure 2 illustrates a simplified diagram of a set modeller of individual acoustic transfer functions according to the invention.
  • the modeller 100 of sets of acoustic transfer functions specific to an individual following a multiplicity of space directions specific to an individual along a plurality of spatial directions comprises a generator 1004 of sets of acoustic transfer functions specific to an individual in a given direction of the multiplicity of directions from the result of a statistical analysis of a plurality of distinct stimuli transmitted to the individual, a stimulus being a function of at least one set of predetermined acoustic transfer functions associated with the given direction, and responses received from the individual at each stimulus issued.
  • the modeller 100 includes a statistical analyzer 1003 of the emitted stimuli and responses received by given direction of the multiplicity of directions.
  • the modeller 100 includes a stimulus generator 1000 providing, for a given direction di, several (j) sets of stimuli (s 1, di j ... S N.di j ).
  • the 1000 generator adds including for each set of stimull (s 1, ... s N di j, di j) a noise n j to the same set of predetermined acoustic transfer function (TF 1, di k ... tf N, di k ' ).
  • the noise n j applied to the set of predetermined acoustic transfer functions (tf 1.di k ' ... tf N.di k' ) to obtain the set of stimuli (s 1, di j ...
  • s N , di j is distinct from the noise n j applied to the same set of predetermined acoustic transfer functions (tf 1.di k ... tf N, di k ' ) to obtain the set of stimuli (s 1.di j' ... s N, di j ' ).
  • the set of predetermined acoustic transfer functions used to generate the stimull is in particular a set of so-called neutral acoustic transfer functions, namely that it does not reflect a specific morphology.
  • the statistical analysis is not biased by a particular morphological model and the determination of the individual acoustic transfer functions allows a better approximation of the real acoustic transfer functions of the individual.
  • such a set of so-called neutral acoustic transfer functions is obtained by averaging several sets of acoustic transfer functions recorded in a database of acoustic transfer functions.
  • the sets of acoustic transfer functions used to calculate this set of neutral sound transfer functions are randomly selected in the database of acoustic transfer functions or as a function of one or more morphological parameters close to those of the acoustic transfer function.
  • a set of acoustic transfer functions is a pair of acoustic transfer functions (for example in the particular case of binaural) composed of the acoustic transfer function corresponding to the right ear and the acoustic transfer function corresponding to the left ear of an individual.
  • the transmitter 1001 transmits, for at least one given direction di, several sets of stimuli (s 1, di j ... s N, di j ) to the individual U for which the modeller 100 determines a set of functions acoustic transfer in a given direction di.
  • the transmitter 1001 transmits these sets of stimuli, for example by an output assembly 102 of a 3D sound card 10 and / or a terminal 1 comprising the modeler 100, to a set of loudspeakers (2 1 ... 2 N ) scattering the stimuli to the individual U.
  • Each stimuli has, di j a set of stimuli (s 1, di j ... s N, di j ) is intended for a loudspeaker specific 2 n of the set of speakers (2 1 ... 2 N ).
  • the individual U reacts by transmitting a response a particular by means of an interface 12 of the terminal 1 (by input, by voice command. ..).
  • 1002 receiver receives the response to all j U j U Individual stimuli
  • the analyzer 1003 For a given direction di, the analyzer 1003 performs a statistical analysis on the sets of emitted stimuli (s 1, di j ... s N, di j ) and the corresponding responses to j U.
  • the generator 1004 determines then the set (tf 1, di U ... tf N, diU ) of acoustic transfer functions specific to this individual U for the given direction di as a function of the result r di U provided by the analyzer 1003.
  • the operation is optionally repeated for one or more other directions di 'distinct.
  • the terminal 1 comprising a sound signal reader 11 a can broadcast a 3D sound signal to the individual U.
  • the terminal 1 comprises a filter 101 whose filtering parameters are constituted, for at least one direction di, by the transfer function set provided by the modeler 100.
  • the filter 101 then convolves the monophonic sound signal as a set of sound signals that are broadcast to the individual U by means of the set of loudspeakers. .
  • the figure 3 illustrates a simplified diagram of a three-dimensional sound reproduction system according to the invention.
  • the reproduction system comprises a headset 20 on which the two loudspeakers 2 1 and 2 2 of the set of loudspeakers are arranged so that each of the two loudspeakers is placed on one of the two ears of the individual U when the helmet 20 is placed on its head, the set of acoustic transfer functions being a pair of corresponding transfer functions.
  • the modeling according to the invention does not require specific equipment. It can be implemented with a simple headset.
  • the invention also relates to a support.
  • the information carrier may be any entity or device capable of storing the program.
  • the medium may include storage means, such as a ROM, for example a CD ROM or a microelectronic circuit ROM or a magnetic recording means, for example a diskette or a hard disk.
  • the information medium can be a transmissible medium such as an electrical or optical signal that can be conveyed via an electrical or optical cable, by radio or by other means.
  • the program according to the invention can in particular be downloaded to a network, particularly of the internet type.
  • the information carrier may be an integrated circuit in which the program is incorporated, the circuit being adapted to execute or to be used in the execution of the method in question,
  • module can correspond to a software component or a hardware component as well.
  • a software component corresponds to one or more computer programs, one or more subroutines of a program, or more generally to any element of a program or software capable of implementing a function or a program.
  • function set according to the description above
  • a hardware component corresponds to any element of a hardware set (or hardware) capable of implementing a function or a set of functions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
EP18000887.2A 2017-11-13 2018-11-12 Modellierung einer menge von akustischen übertragungsfunktionen einer person, 3d-soundkarte und 3d-sound-reproduktionssystem Active EP3484185B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1760647A FR3073659A1 (fr) 2017-11-13 2017-11-13 Modelisation d'ensemble de fonctions de transferts acoustiques propre a un individu, carte son tridimensionnel et systeme de reproduction sonore tridimensionnelle

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EP3484185A1 true EP3484185A1 (de) 2019-05-15
EP3484185B1 EP3484185B1 (de) 2024-07-31

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US (1) US11218832B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3484185B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3073659A1 (de)

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080130906A1 (en) * 2006-11-20 2008-06-05 Personics Holdings Inc. Methods and Devices for Hearing Damage Notification and Intervention II
CN103237287A (zh) * 2013-03-29 2013-08-07 华南理工大学 具定制功能的5.1通路环绕声耳机重放信号处理方法

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US6181800B1 (en) * 1997-03-10 2001-01-30 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. System and method for interactive approximation of a head transfer function
GB0419346D0 (en) * 2004-09-01 2004-09-29 Smyth Stephen M F Method and apparatus for improved headphone virtualisation
EP3001701B1 (de) * 2014-09-24 2018-11-14 Harman Becker Automotive Systems GmbH Audiowiedergabesysteme und -verfahren
JP6561718B2 (ja) * 2015-09-17 2019-08-21 株式会社Ｊｖｃケンウッド 頭外定位処理装置、及び頭外定位処理方法
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US10306396B2 (en) * 2017-04-19 2019-05-28 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force Collaborative personalization of head-related transfer function

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20080130906A1 (en) * 2006-11-20 2008-06-05 Personics Holdings Inc. Methods and Devices for Hearing Damage Notification and Intervention II
CN103237287A (zh) * 2013-03-29 2013-08-07 华南理工大学 具定制功能的5.1通路环绕声耳机重放信号处理方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3073659A1 (fr) 2019-05-17
US20190149939A1 (en) 2019-05-16
EP3484185B1 (de) 2024-07-31
US11218832B2 (en) 2022-01-04

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