EP3481695A1 - Verfahren und kollisionswarnsystem zur detektion von entgegenkommenden fahrzeugen - Google Patents
Verfahren und kollisionswarnsystem zur detektion von entgegenkommenden fahrzeugenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3481695A1 EP3481695A1 EP17755154.6A EP17755154A EP3481695A1 EP 3481695 A1 EP3481695 A1 EP 3481695A1 EP 17755154 A EP17755154 A EP 17755154A EP 3481695 A1 EP3481695 A1 EP 3481695A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- transport
- transport vehicle
- vehicle
- vehicles
- sensor signals
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
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- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
- B61L23/04—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for monitoring the mechanical state of the route
- B61L23/041—Obstacle detection
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
- B61L23/00—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains
- B61L23/34—Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or trains for indicating the distance between vehicles or trains by the transmission of signals therebetween
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/16—Anti-collision systems
- G08G1/161—Decentralised systems, e.g. inter-vehicle communication
- G08G1/162—Decentralised systems, e.g. inter-vehicle communication event-triggered
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/16—Anti-collision systems
- G08G1/166—Anti-collision systems for active traffic, e.g. moving vehicles, pedestrians, bikes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for detecting oncoming transport vehicles in a track-bound transport system. Furthermore, the invention relates to a collision warning system for a track-bound transport system. In addition, the invention relates to a stretch-bound trans ⁇ port system.
- Track-bound transport systems are characterized by a fixed routing of the travel routes used by the transport vehicles of these systems.
- Such systems are, for example, rail systems whose routes are precisely defined by the rails.
- a transport system to To ⁇ connexion both a system for transportation of cargo as well as a system for transportation of passengers, or a combination of both to be understood in this.
- the driver of a vehicle usually can not change his direction of travel automatically, since his direction of travel by guide elements, such as rail ⁇ rails, is clearly defined.
- the Fah ⁇ rer still respond to unforeseen events by braking or accelerating or giving warning information to higher-level units, which can on the trans ⁇ port system, for example via switches that affect routes.
- Newer solutions include assistance systems, which by means of suitable sensors early detect obstacles and thus ent ⁇ oncoming vehicles and thus either warn the driver or even initiate automatic braking.
- ADAS Partially automated driver assistance systems
- the trains are equipped with sensors and evaluation units.
- the trains will be in addition to Sig- nalva of positioned at the railway signaling devices supported, in part, by the driver and some ⁇ , be processed already automated.
- the evaluation units are used to judge the obstacles according to their danger or their potential dangers for further driving and accordingly generate information for the driver or intervene directly in the vehicle control. It also detects other objects such as signals, signage or points and track conditions.
- the ADAS systems use video cameras, radar systems or lidar systems.
- a Re ⁇ chentician connected to said sensors Re ⁇ chenody can also carry out a tracking of detected moving obstacles and objects and thus determine further mögli ⁇ che collision hazards and transmit to the driver or an automatic train control, which react under consideration of the type of obstacle.
- emergency braking for example using extremely decelerating rail brakes with corresponding potential risk to cargo and passengers, can be triggered depending on the risk situation, or only a comparatively safe service braking can be carried out.
- sensors are used which are firmly connected to the transport vehicles and thus scan a narrow area of the travel path of the respective transport vehicle.
- active sensors which is then reflected from any existing objects and thrown back in the direction of the transport path to ⁇ and can be detected there are used which actively transmit a signal.
- müs- the transmitted signals typically about sen (for example, reduced by the time during transmission through the Trans ⁇ transport vehicle distance traveled) to cover the double Entfer ⁇ voltage to the object. Therefore, the detection using such sensors according to limited to half of the maximum range limited detection fields and
- This object is achieved by a method for detecting oncoming transport vehicles in a distance-bound transport system according to claim 1, a collision warning system for a distance-bound transport system according to patent claim 10 and a distance-bound transport system according to claim 11.
- detectable sensor signals are actively transmitted through a first transport vehicle located on a route.
- detectable sensor signals ⁇ electro-magnetic waves are to be understood, which can be detected by another transport vehicle, with a sensor unit to the active com- plementary receiving unit.
- the scanning may, for example, be done by means of a passive sensor suitable for detecting sensor signals having a wavelength corresponding to the wavelength of the sensor signals emitted by the first transport vehicle.
- the beams emitted from the first transport vehicle Sensorsig ⁇ signals will be detected by the second transport vehicle.
- a sensor signal is received by means of the passive sensors of the second transport, which is a Hin ⁇ pointing to an oncoming vehicle interpreted.
- detection should also be understood as meaning that the sensor signal is transmitted by the first transport vehicle. safely identified as a sensor signal emitted by an oncoming vehicle.
- Measures are pre ⁇ see for the identification of the sensor signal to distinguish the sensor signal from the first transport vehicle from a possibly random coming from the second transport vehicle reflected sensor signal. The measures mentioned are described below as embodiments of the method according to the invention.
- measures are included for differentiation (eg a modulation specific for each vehicle) which are not required in a "normal” ADAS, since one expects only reflected signals, but with the method according to the invention one does not look for them precisely If these occur, it is very safe to assume a risk of collision and take appropriate action
- the second transport vehicle the first
- Transport vehicle in comparison to the conventional procedure ⁇ detect in a double distance, since it does not have to send out the detectable sensor signals itself or the sensor signals do not need to be reflected because it receives the sensor signals of the first transport vehicle. In this way, the possible braking distance and the reac ⁇ tion time increases, so that the safety of the transport system is ver ⁇ repaired.
- the sensor range is also increased because it is possible to dispense with a spatial resolution of the detection result since the reception of sensor signals that can be assigned to an oncoming vehicle as such already encompasses the information that a transport vehicle is approaching with an active sensor unit. An additional identification of the oncoming transport vehicle based on an image representation of a monitoring area is therefore not necessary in the method according to the invention.
- the collision avoidance system according to the invention for a stretch close ⁇ bundenes transport system comprises a transport vehicle arranged on a first transport unit for active sensor active emitting detectable sensor signals. Furthermore, collision avoidance system of the invention comprises a arranged on ei ⁇ nem second transport vehicle passive Sensorein ⁇ standardized for scanning a forward direction lying in the direction of travel of the second transport vehicle distance range. As a passive sensor unit should be understood in this context, a sensor unit which receives electromagnetic waves and can detect.
- collision warning system according to the invention has a arranged on the second transport vehicle evaluation unit for determining ei ⁇ nes oncoming vehicle on the basis of the information detected by the passivating ⁇ ven sensor unit and emitted from the first transport vehicle sensor signals.
- the processing unit may be based on the acquired sensor signals it ⁇ averages, whether a collision with an oncoming vehicle threatens or not.
- the track-bound transport system according to the invention has a plurality of transport vehicles with a collision warning system according to the invention.
- the Kollisi ⁇ onswarnsystem invention may for example be installed as an addition to an existing conventional security system. In this case, it represents an additional independent channel that is independent of the other security systems.
- the collision warning system according to the invention can also be based on an already existing security system, using, for example, the already existing sensor system. In this case, the safety of the collision ⁇ monitoring, due to the increase in the range of detection also improved with the effort and zuslegili ⁇ chen costs due to the common use of the sensor can be kept low.
- Some essential components of the monitoring system according to the invention may be designed in the form of software components. This concerns in particular parts of the Sensorein ⁇ units and the evaluation unit.
- these components can also be partly realized, in particular in the case of particularly fast calculations, in the form of software-supported hardware, for example FPGAs or the like.
- a largely software implementation has the advantage that even previously used collision warning systems can be retrofitted in a simple way by a software update to work in the manner of the invention.
- the object is also achieved by a computer program product which is loadable directly into a memory of a collision warning system ⁇ , comprising program code sections for all To perform steps of the inventive method when the program is executed in the collision warning system.
- Such a computer program product in addition to the computer program optionally additional components such.
- a documentation and / or additional components and hardware components, such as hardware keys (dongles, etc.) for using the software include.
- a computer-readable medium for example a memory stick, a hard disk or another transportable or permanently installed data carrier can serve, on which the program sections of the computer program which can be read and executed by a computer unit are stored.
- the computer unit may be for example a purpose or more cooperating micro ⁇ processors or the like.
- the first transport vehicle additionally scans and sends a forward path lying in the range the second transport vehicle additionally active detectable sensor signals.
- the prob ⁇ friendliness is enhanced for timely detection of an impending Kol ⁇ lision, as both vehicles detek- both sensor signals animals and sensor signals emit make so that both driving ⁇ tools appropriate measures to avoid collisions (eg brakes or emergency brakes) can significantly reduce or even completely avoid the consequences of a collision.
- the second transport vehicle has only sensors and sends itself no signals. In this case, however, the second transport vehicle can not be detected by ande ren ⁇ vehicles. But due to this fact, a detection of corresponding signals always indicates an oncoming vehicle.
- a solution could be useful, for example, during a migration phase in the introduction of such a system, a first cost-effective variant in the conversion of vehicles, for example as an interim solution.
- the transmitted signal from each transport vehicle is modulated in a manner unique to that particular transport vehicle, the signals may be more responsive
- this modulation can encode various additional information about the transport vehicle, which can be decoded during the process
- the driver of the respective transport vehicle is automatically warned and / or a braking process initiated by an automatic system. Due to the increased detection range in the method according to the invention, the driver advantageously has a longer reaction time in order to initiate countermeasures against a collision. In an automatically initiated braking maneuver, collision prevented due to a lack of reaction of the driver, so that the security for the transport vehicle he ⁇ heightened. Due to the earlier detection, the chance is also increased for vehicles with active Weichenverstellmaschine (eg as in trams) to perform any possible track change either manually or automatically.
- Weichenverstellmaschine eg as in trams
- both transport vehicles have a communication ⁇ device, so that the transport vehicles can coordinate actions to avoid collisions and optimize it. For example, with appropriate distance a transport vehicle, which does not carry people, perform an emergency braking, while the other transport vehicle in the passenger only one, for the promoted persons safer service braking performs. Or it is negotiated between the transport vehicles, which of the vehicles carries out a possibly risky track change.
- the information exchange is carried out automatically using the information transmitted by modulation, and the strategy for collision avoidance is automatically determined by computing units housed in the vehicles and initiated. In this way, valuable time can be won th ⁇ NEN, which then additionally represents the measures for avoiding collisions are available.
- the risk of collision ⁇ is automatically transmitted to one or more interlockings. The larger warning time thereby increasing the chances still allow manual or automatic one might possible change of track for one of the two transport vehicles over one for one of the transport vehicles to ⁇ continuous interlocking systems.
- SEN method for performing the method an ADAS system is used which is supplemented by an identification of Sensorsigna ⁇ len from oncoming transport vehicles.
- Such detection of sensor signals of an oncoming transport vehicle can be facilitated by the transmission of the sensor signals and the sense operation ⁇ From different transport vehicles take place on dersel ⁇ ben frequency, for example thereby. That is, the reception by the passive sensor is limited, for example, by means of a filter to a frequency range which is used by the sensor signals of the active sensor of the oncoming vehicle. So that a detection event is erroneously also triggered if signals or general electro- magnetic waves from sources of interference to the passive sensor unit ⁇ fall is prevented. Even a false interpretation own, possibly reflected at the environment sensor signals can be avoided if the sensor signals from each transport vehicle ⁇ include identification information. In this way, the reliability of the collision warning is further improved.
- the sensor signals of the transport driving tools are ⁇ with an individual modulation signal different lent modulated so that sensor signals from a particular transport vehicle that are uniquely assigned.
- the oncoming transport vehicle can also get information about technical characteristics and parameters such as the type of charge, the speed, the braking distance and so are ⁇ averages in addition to the identity of the transport vehicle. These data can be used when initiating countermeasures against a collision in order to minimize the inconvenience for both vehicles.
- the signal may also contain information about the track used and thus a distinction between a track allow safe encounter or imminent collision.
- an auto ⁇ mated communication is performed, to tune reactions of the transport vehicles to avoid a collision on each other after the detection of an oncoming transport vehicle between the first and the second transport vehicle.
- Braking maneuvers are kept as small as possible.
- proper communication systems up which are used preferably automated by the collision warning systems of transport vehicles, so that the vote can take place with minimal delay.
- the tuning preferably takes place as a function of vehicle data, which include one of the following parameters:
- the variables mentioned can be incorporated into an automated optimization process, in which an optimum braking behavior is determined for each of the two transport vehicles. Damage and inconvenience at a neces- agile braking maneuver of the two oncoming vehicles will be minimized to the ⁇ se.
- sensor systems which comprise at least one of the following types of functional units:
- a sound sensor device offers the advantage of a high resolution and ei ⁇ ner simple clarity of the captured with the camera image information.
- a camera can also be used in addition to the detection of the sensor signals for an image representation of a Stre ⁇ cken Schemes for a transport vehicle.
- radar systems can be used to determine distances and speeds of oncoming objects.
- a lidar device has a laser with which a directed light beam can be emitted. With such a lidar device, the scanning range can be set very precisely, so that interference by the sensor signals can be avoided by applying the environment.
- Acoustic sensor systems have sensor waves, which can also prepare around curves or corners, so that even in confusing areas oncoming transport vehicles can be detected.
- FIG. 2 shows a flow chart, which illustrates a method for detecting oncoming transport vehicles in a distance-bound transport system according to an embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 1 a section of a transport system 10, in this case a single-track railway line, is shown.
- the Ab ⁇ section includes a railroad track 8 on which two successive on the same track zufahrende trains 1, 2 are located.
- a first train 1 comprises on its front side a sensor unit 9a and emits sensor signals 3 (drawn dashed as sensor beam cone) in the direction of travel.
- a first train 1 on the same track 8 oncoming second train 2 also has a sensor unit 9b, which Sensorig ⁇ nale 4 (also dashed lines as sensor beam cone ⁇ net) in the direction of the first train 1 emits.
- the sensor signals 3 of the first train 1 are detected by the sensor unit 9b of the second train 2, which also has a sensor signal receiving function and an evaluation unit evaluates (not ge ⁇ shows).
- the identity of the first train 1 on the basis ei ⁇ nes of the sensor signal 3 of the first train 1 modulated Sig ⁇ Nals, which is demodulated in the evaluation unit of the second train 2 and analyzed so that an automated Assistance system of the second train is now known that the first train 1 in the maximum detection distance d2 the second train 2 counter ⁇ comes.
- the maximum detection distance d2 corresponds to twice the maximum maximum detection distance di of a sensor unit, in which the emitted sensor signals are reflected by an object 5 to be detected and are detected again by the emitting sensor unit.
- the first train 1 based on the sensor signal 4 of the second train 2, that the second train 2 in a maximum detection distance d2 approaches the first train 1.
- the two trains 1, 2 have now suffi ⁇ accordingly the time to set up, tailored to the situation to respond and so to avoid a collision.
- a flow chart is shown, which illustrates a method for detecting oncoming vehicles in a track-bound transport system according to an embodiment of the invention.
- step 2.1 detectable sensor signals 3 emitted by a befindliches on a first transport route ⁇ vehicle 1, for example a train.
- step 2. II a lying in the forward direction of the track area by an on-track, the first transport vehicle 1 oncoming second Transportfahr ⁇ convincing 2, for example, also a train, scanned using a passive sensor function PS.
- step III 3 the data sent from the first transport vehicle 1 from ⁇ sensor signals detected in step III 3 through the second transport vehicle. 2
- step 2 IV the detected sensor signals are evaluated 3 of an evaluation unit of the second transport vehicle 2, wherein the first transport vehicle 1 identifi ⁇ will sheet and, it is determined for example based on the detected Sig ⁇ nalamplitude of the sensor signals, that the first transport vehicle 1 at the time of the first detection approximately in maximum range d2 the detectability of the sensor signals 3 of the first transport vehicle 1 must be located.
- step 2.V a communication takes place between the first transport vehicle 1 and the second transport vehicle 2, wherein an automatic coordination is carried out with each other, which transport vehicle to what extent which reaction to
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016217491.6A DE102016217491A1 (de) | 2016-09-14 | 2016-09-14 | Verfahren zur Detektion von entgegenkommenden Fahrzeugen |
| PCT/EP2017/070781 WO2018050388A1 (de) | 2016-09-14 | 2017-08-16 | Verfahren und kollisionswarnsystem zur detektion von entgegenkommenden fahrzeugen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3481695A1 true EP3481695A1 (de) | 2019-05-15 |
| EP3481695B1 EP3481695B1 (de) | 2020-06-24 |
Family
ID=59683564
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17755154.6A Active EP3481695B1 (de) | 2016-09-14 | 2017-08-16 | Verfahren und kollisionswarnsystem zur detektion von entgegenkommenden fahrzeugen |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3481695B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102016217491A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2820754T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2018050388A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019206341A1 (de) * | 2019-05-03 | 2020-11-05 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Vermeiden einer Kollision zwischen Schienenfahrzeugen |
| DE102019206344A1 (de) * | 2019-05-03 | 2020-11-05 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Sensor-basierte Steuerung zur Gefahrenvermeidung im Schienenverkehrssystem |
| DE102021212700A1 (de) * | 2021-11-11 | 2023-05-11 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Verfahren, Vorrichtung und System zum Betreiben eines Schienenfahrzeugs zum Warnen vor einer möglichen Kollision |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3365572A (en) | 1965-08-06 | 1968-01-23 | Strauss Henry Frank | Automatic collision prevention, alarm and control system |
| DE19650981A1 (de) | 1996-12-09 | 1998-06-10 | Iht Innovationsgesellschaft Fu | Meßverfahren und Einrichtung zur Ermittlung des Abstandes und von Datenübertragung zwischen relativ zueinander bewegten Objekten, insbesondere von Transportmitteln auf gemeinsamen Bahnen |
| AT410531B (de) | 1999-05-25 | 2003-05-26 | Bernard Ing Douet | Verfahren und system zur automatischen erfassung bzw. überwachung der position wenigstens eines schienenfahrzeugs |
| AUPS123702A0 (en) * | 2002-03-22 | 2002-04-18 | Nahla, Ibrahim S. Mr | The train navigtion and control system (TNCS) for multiple tracks |
| US7486199B2 (en) * | 2005-11-17 | 2009-02-03 | Nissan Technical Center North America, Inc. | Forward vehicle brake warning system |
| DE102008003872A1 (de) * | 2008-01-08 | 2009-08-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Kollisionswarnung und Kollisionswarnsystem |
| DE102008060185A1 (de) * | 2008-11-28 | 2010-06-10 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Kollisionswarnung und Kollisionswarnsystem |
| EP2892020A1 (de) * | 2014-01-06 | 2015-07-08 | Harman International Industries, Incorporated | Kontinuierliche Identitätsüberwachung zur Klassifizierung von Fahrinformationen zur Fahrleistungsanalyse |
-
2016
- 2016-09-14 DE DE102016217491.6A patent/DE102016217491A1/de not_active Ceased
-
2017
- 2017-08-16 ES ES17755154T patent/ES2820754T3/es active Active
- 2017-08-16 WO PCT/EP2017/070781 patent/WO2018050388A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2017-08-16 EP EP17755154.6A patent/EP3481695B1/de active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102016217491A1 (de) | 2018-03-15 |
| WO2018050388A1 (de) | 2018-03-22 |
| ES2820754T3 (es) | 2021-04-22 |
| EP3481695B1 (de) | 2020-06-24 |
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