EP3464894B1 - Wind turbine transmission - Google Patents

Wind turbine transmission Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3464894B1
EP3464894B1 EP17748728.7A EP17748728A EP3464894B1 EP 3464894 B1 EP3464894 B1 EP 3464894B1 EP 17748728 A EP17748728 A EP 17748728A EP 3464894 B1 EP3464894 B1 EP 3464894B1
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Prior art keywords
hss
spur gear
gear
bearing
stage
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EP17748728.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3464894A1 (en
Inventor
Arno Klein-Hitpass
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Flender GmbH
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Flender GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H1/46—Systems consisting of a plurality of gear trains each with orbital gears, i.e. systems having three or more central gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/50—Maintenance or repair
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
    • F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
    • F05B2260/40311—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing of the epicyclic, planetary or differential type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the spur gear is rotatably mounted in the gear housing via a hollow shaft.
  • WO2015 / 032591A1 (Siemens AG) March 12, 2015 discloses such a multi-stage wind power transmission.
  • a planetary gear for a wind turbine which comprises two planetary stages and a spur gear stage.
  • a spur gear is arranged on a sun shaft, the hub of which is axially elongated. At one end, the hub of the spur gear is supported on the sun shaft and a bearing, and at the opposite end, the hub is supported on a bearing that is received in a housing.
  • the spur gear has a wheel body that is axially shorter than the hub and. The wheel body is positioned centrally on the axially elongated hub, viewed in an axial direction. A toothing formed at the radial end of the wheel body meshes with a toothing on an output shaft.
  • the document CN 201 358 892 Y discloses a planetary gear with two planetary stages, which is followed by a spur gear stage.
  • a spur gear is housed on a sun shaft, which has an axially elongated hub.
  • the axially elongated hub is rotatably received on the outside at both ends in an inner ring of a bearing.
  • the bearings are attached to a housing.
  • the spur gear also has a wheel body that is axially shorter than the hub and as a toothing that is attached radially on the outside of the wheel body. When viewed along an axial direction, the wheel body is positioned centrally on the hub.
  • KR 2011 128054 A a wind turbine gearbox that has two planetary stages.
  • a sun shaft of the transmission is received in a torque-transmitting manner in a first hollow shaft, which in turn is rotatably mounted in a bearing.
  • the first hollow shaft acts as an axial extension of the sun shaft and is connected on the generator side to a spur gear axially screwed onto a flange.
  • the spur gear has a hub on the generator side, which is rotatably received in a bearing.
  • the spur gear has a wheel body molded onto the hub, which is provided radially on the outside with a toothing which meshes with an output shaft.
  • the wind power transmission according to the invention comprises a high-speed spur gear stage which has an HSS spur gear and a HSS pinion meshing therewith, the HSS pinion being arranged on an HSS pinion shaft.
  • An external toothing of the HSS spur gear can mesh with an external toothing of the HSS pinion.
  • the HSS spur gear is mounted directly in a gearbox housing of the wind power transmission, ie the HSS spur gear is seated not, as with conventional wind power gearboxes, on a rotatable hollow shaft.
  • a sliding or roller bearing for mounting the HSS spur gear preferably contacts the HSS spur gear directly.
  • a sun gear shaft of a gear stage upstream of the high-speed spur gear stage, preferably a planetary gear stage, is directly coupled to the HSS spur gear.
  • the sun gear shaft can be coupled to the HSS spur gear with a clutch, preferably a toothed clutch.
  • high-speed is a relative term that is understandable in the context of the different gear stages of a multi-stage gear.
  • a multi-stage wind turbine gearbox i.e. a wind power transmission with two or more gear stages
  • a bearing such as a sliding or rolling bearing can also be referred to as a bearing arrangement.
  • the bearing or the bearing arrangement comprises two parts which move relative to one another, between which a sliding gap is formed becomes.
  • the bearing or the bearing arrangement comprises two bearing rings which move relative to one another with roller bodies arranged between them.
  • the solution according to the invention is that the HSS spur gear is mounted directly on the slide housing or roller bearing in the gear housing and the sun gear shaft of the upstream planetary gear stage is coupled directly to the HSS spur gear, preferably via a clutch, in particular a gear coupling.
  • the HSS hollow shaft present in conventional wind power transmissions as the carrier of the HSS spur gear and the rotationally fixed connection between the hollow shaft and the HSS spur gear can thus be omitted. This can save costs and improve the serviceability of the wind power transmission.
  • the bearing of the HSS spur gear is also integrated in the HSS spur gear.
  • the HSS spur gear is designed so that there is space in the wheel body for the bearing arrangement.
  • the web is arranged off-center between the hub and the ring gear of the HSS spur gear, so that a space for the bearing arrangement is created between the hub and the ring gear.
  • the advantage here is that the bearing can be arranged to save space. The valuable installation space in the gear housing is thus optimally used.
  • the HSS pinion shaft forms the output shaft of the wind power transmission.
  • the spur gear is mounted on a hollow shaft by means of slide and / or roller bearings, the hollow shaft being mounted on both sides, preferably on the two end faces of the spur gear, ie on the rotor and generator sides. Bearing arrangements must therefore be provided and maintained on both sides of the spur gear;
  • the gear housing is also to be designed such that bearing points for the bearing arrangements are present at suitable positions within the gear housing.
  • the HSS spur gear is supported on one side. Since the HSS spur gear is only supported on one side, the gear housing can be made much simpler than with conventional wind power gear units.
  • the HSS spur gear is mounted on a carrier element which is firmly connected to the gear housing, e.g. mounted by means of a carrier element fixed to the gear housing. It is advantageous in the case of storage by means of a separate carrier element that the storage arrangement can be optimally configured with regard to resilience and serviceability. In the case of storage directly in the transmission housing, it is advantageous that structural elements which are present in the transmission housing are used for the bearing arrangement and thus the number of components and the construction effort are kept low.
  • the HSS spur gear is mounted on the rotor or generator side in the gear housing. Bearing points for the bearing arrangements can thus be created at positions within the gear housing that are most suitable for a respective gear housing.
  • the HSS spur gear is forged, welded or screwed from a plurality of elements or produced from a solid body by means of a machining process.
  • a combination of one of the production methods mentioned is also conceivable.
  • the wheel body of the spur gear can also be produced from a solid body using a machining process.
  • an optimal solution can be chosen for the respective constructive situation.
  • Fig. 1 represents a wind power transmission with a conventionally designed HSS.
  • the wind power transmission comprises a drive-side first planetary stage 1, 5, 7, 8, 16 as an LSS, a second planetary stage 11, 14, 17, 19 20 downstream of the first planetary stage as an IMS and an output-side Spur gear stage 23, 29 as HSS, the gear stages being surrounded by a gear housing 22.
  • the drive-side first planetary stage is referred to below as the LSS planetary stage, the output-side second planetary stage as the IMS planetary stage and the output-side spur gear stage as the HSS spur gear stage.
  • the two planetary stages each comprise a ring gear 8, 11, a plurality of planet gears 7, 19 mounted in a planet carrier 1, 14 and a sun gear shaft 16, 20.
  • the LSS planet gears 7 are rotatable via LSS planet gear bearings 6 on those held in the LSS planet carrier 1 LSS planetary axles 5 mounted.
  • the IMS planet gears 19 are rotatably mounted on the IMS planet gear shaft 17 held in the IMS planet carrier 14 via LSS planet gear bearings.
  • the two sun gear shafts 16, 20 designed as hollow shafts, i.e. the LSS sun gear shaft 16 and the IMS sun gear shaft 20 surround a pitch tube 12 which runs axially through the gear housing 22 and which forms a channel from the generator-side end to the rotor-side end of the wind power transmission.
  • the LSS planet carrier 1 of the drive-side LSS planetary stage has a hollow shaft directed towards the wind rotor for connection to a rotor hub of the wind rotor.
  • the LSS planet carrier 1 is rotatably mounted in the gear housing 22 via a drive-side bearing 3, an LSS guide bearing 9 and an output-side bearing 13.
  • the drive-side bearing 3 is protected against environmental influences by a rotor-side gear cover 4.
  • the LSS guide bearing 9 is arranged on a housing flange 10, which connects the LSS ring gear 8 and the IMS ring gear 11.
  • the IMS planet carrier 14 of the IMS planetary stage has a hollow shaft on the drive side, which concentrically surrounds an end section of the LSS sun gear shaft 16 of the LSS planetary stage on the drive side.
  • the first clutch 18, which can be designed as a short tooth clutch, between the two planetary stages can be formed by external teeth on the LSS sun gear shaft 16 of the drive-side LSS planetary stage and by internal teeth on the hollow shaft of the IMS planet carrier 14 of the IMS planetary stage his.
  • the IMS planet carrier 14, like the LSS planet carrier 1, is rotatably mounted in the gear housing 22 via the bearing 13 on the output side.
  • a fastening cover 21 is arranged on the drive-side end of the hollow shaft of the IMS planet carrier 14, which also forms a stop for an inner ring of the drive-side bearing 13.
  • the HSS spur gear stage includes an HSS spur gear 23 meshing with it and an HSS hollow shaft 38 which is coaxially surrounded by the HSS spur gear 23 and is connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the HSS hollow shaft 38 is rotatably supported in a rotor-side bearing 31 and a generator-side bearing 32 in the gear housing 22.
  • the generator-side bearing 32 is protected against environmental influences by a generator-side cover 30 of the HSS hollow shaft 38.
  • the HSS pinion shaft 29 is rotatably mounted in a rotor-side bearing 26 and a generator-side bearing 27 in the gear housing 22.
  • the generator-side bearing 27 is protected against environmental influences by a generator-side cover 28 of the HSS pinion shaft 29.
  • the second clutch 15, which can be designed as a short-tooth clutch, between the IMS planetary stage and the HSS spur gear stage is by external teeth on the IMS sun gear shaft 20 of the IMS planetary stage and by internal teeth on the hollow shaft 38 of the HSS spur gear stage educated.
  • Fig. 2 represents a wind power transmission with an HSS designed according to the invention. It is like that in Fig. 1 shown wind power transmission around a three-stage gear, the LSS planetary gear stage and the IMS planetary gear stage as in the in Fig. 1 shown wind power transmission are formed. A major difference from that in Fig. 1 The wind power transmission shown is in the HSS: while in the conventionally designed HSS the HSS spur gear 23 is rotatably arranged on a rotatably mounted HSS hollow shaft, in the conventionally designed HSS the HSS spur gear 23 itself is rotatably mounted in the gear housing 22, ie it there is no HSS hollow shaft.
  • the HSS spur gear 23 is supported by means of a bearing 24 on a carrier element 25 which is fixedly connected to the gear housing 22.
  • Fig. 3 is a separate representation of the in Fig. 2 shown HSS. This shows, among other things, that the entire HSS, including the HSS spur gear 23 and the HSS pinion shaft 29, built as an independent module and can be mounted on the gearbox.
  • the HSS spur gear 23 is mounted on the generator side in the gear housing 22.
  • the support element 25 carrying the bearing 24 projects into a recess on the generator side of the HSS spur gear 23 on the generator side.
  • the bearing 24 is arranged between the support element 25 and an inner circumference of a toothed ring of the HSS spur gear 23 that extends radially outward.
  • the web between the hub and the ring gear of the HSS spur gear 23 is arranged off-center, so that a space for the bearing arrangement 24 of the HSS spur gear 23 is created between the hub and the ring gear.
  • Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of an HSS according to the invention.
  • the HSS spur gear 23 is mounted on the rotor side in the gear housing 22.
  • the carrier element 25 carrying the bearing 24 protrudes on the rotor side into a rotor-side recess of the HSS spur gear 23.
  • the bearing 24 is arranged between the carrier element 25 and a radially further outer circumference of a toothed ring of the HSS spur gear 23.
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of an HSS with plain bearings.
  • the HSS spur gear 23 is mounted on the generator side in the gear housing 22.
  • the carrier element 25 carrying the radial slide bearing 37 projects into a recess on the generator side of the HSS spur gear 23 on the generator side.
  • the radial slide bearing 37 is arranged between the support element 25 and an inner circumference of a toothed ring of the HSS spur gear 23 that extends radially further outward.
  • a rotor-side end face of the HSS spur gear 23 is supported by means of a rotor-side axial slide bearing 33 on a rotor-side support element which is fixedly connected to the gear housing.
  • a generator-side end face of the HSS spur gear 23 is supported by a generator-side axial slide bearing 34 on a generator-side carrier element 25, which is fixedly connected to the gear housing 22.
  • Fig. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of an HSS with plain bearings.
  • the HSS spur gear 23 is mounted on the generator side in the gear housing 22.
  • the carrier element 25 carrying the radial slide bearing 37 protrudes into a recess on the generator side of the HSS spur gear 23 on the generator side.
  • the radial slide bearing 37 is arranged between the support element 25 and an outer circumference of the HSS spur gear 23 which extends radially further inwards.
  • a rotor-side end face of the HSS spur gear 23 is supported by means of a rotor-side axial slide bearing 33 on a rotor-side support element which is fixedly connected to the gear housing.
  • a generator-side end face of the HSS spur gear 23 is supported by means of a generator-side axial slide bearing 34 on a generator-side carrier element 25 which is fixedly connected to the gear housing 22.
  • Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of an HSS with a plain bearing.
  • the HSS spur gear 23 is mounted on the generator side in the gear housing 22.
  • the carrier element 25 carrying the radial slide bearing 37 protrudes into a recess on the generator side of the HSS spur gear 23 on the generator side.
  • the radial slide bearing 37 is arranged between the support element 25 and an outer circumference of the HSS spur gear 23 which extends radially further inwards.
  • an end face directed towards the rotor of an axial fastening disk 36 which is fastened axially immovably to the HSS spur gear 23, is supported on the carrier element 25 by means of an axial slide bearing 34 on the generator side.
  • an end face of the HSS spur gear 23 facing the generator is supported on the carrier element 25 by means of a rotor-side axial slide bearing 33.
  • the carrier element 25 is axially fixed by a cover 35 of the gear housing 22.
  • Fig. 8 shows an exploded view of Fig. 7 ,
  • the IMS sun gear shaft 20 with external teeth on the generator-side end circumference is arranged in the transmission housing 22.
  • the HSS spur gear 23 with an internal toothing on a radially inner circumference is also in the gear housing 22 arranged.
  • the sun gear shaft 20 and the HSS spur gear 23 are pushed into one another in such a way that the external toothing of the sun gear shaft 20 meshes with the internal toothing of the HSS spur gear 23.
  • a rotor-side axial slide bearing 33, a carrier element 25 with a radial slide bearing 37, a generator-side axial slide bearing 34 and an axial fastening disk 36 are inserted into a generator-side recess in the HSS spur gear 23.
  • the generator-side recess of the HSS spur gear 23 is closed with a cover 35.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
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  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Description

Es sind mehrstufige Windkraftgetriebe bekannt, bei denen die schnelllaufende Stufe, auch als HSS (= High Speed Stage) bezeichnet, eine Stirnradstufe aufweist, welche ein Stirnrad und ein mit dem Stirnrad kämmendes Ritzel, das auf einer Ritzelwelle angeordnet ist, umfasst. Dabei ist das Stirnrad über eine Hohlwelle in dem Getriebegehäuse drehbar gelagert. WO2015/032591A1 (Siemens AG) 12. März 2015 offenbart ein derartiges mehrstufiges Windkraftgetriebe.Multi-stage wind power transmissions are known in which the high-speed stage, also referred to as HSS (= High Speed Stage), has a spur gear stage which comprises a spur gear and a pinion meshing with the spur gear, which is arranged on a pinion shaft. The spur gear is rotatably mounted in the gear housing via a hollow shaft. WO2015 / 032591A1 (Siemens AG) March 12, 2015 discloses such a multi-stage wind power transmission.

Hohe Kosten entstehen dabei in der Regel durch das sehr massive Stirnrad, die Hohlwelle sowie die Verbindung zwischen dem Stirnrad und der Hohlwelle, welche meistens durch eine Passfeder- und/oder Schrumpfverbindung realisiert wird. Des Weiteren ist die Servicefähigkeit eingeschränkt - in der Regel kann nur die HSS mit begrenztem Aufwand aus der Turbine gezogen werden.As a rule, high costs arise from the very solid spur gear, the hollow shaft and the connection between the spur gear and the hollow shaft, which is usually realized by a feather key and / or shrink connection. Furthermore, the serviceability is limited - usually only the HSS can be pulled out of the turbine with limited effort.

Aus der Druckschrift CN 203 230 542 U ist ein Planetengetriebe für eine Windkraftanlage bekannt, das zwei Planetenstufen und eine Stirnradstufe umfasst. Auf einer Sonnenwelle ist ein Stirnrad angeordnet, dessen Nabe axial verlängert ausgebildet ist. An einem Ende stützt sich die Nabe des Stirnrads auf der Sonnenwelle und einen Lager ab und am entgegengesetzten Ende stützt sich die Nabe an einem Lager ab, das in einem Gehäuse aufgenommen ist. Das Stirnrad weist einen Radkörper auf, der axial kürzer ausgebildet ist als die Nabe und. Der Radkörper ist auf der axial verlängerten Nabe, in einer Axialrichtung betrachtet, mittig positioniert. Eine am radialen Ende des Radkörpers ausgebildete Verzahnung kämmt mit einer Verzahnung an einer Ausgangswelle.From the publication CN 203 230 542 U is known a planetary gear for a wind turbine, which comprises two planetary stages and a spur gear stage. A spur gear is arranged on a sun shaft, the hub of which is axially elongated. At one end, the hub of the spur gear is supported on the sun shaft and a bearing, and at the opposite end, the hub is supported on a bearing that is received in a housing. The spur gear has a wheel body that is axially shorter than the hub and. The wheel body is positioned centrally on the axially elongated hub, viewed in an axial direction. A toothing formed at the radial end of the wheel body meshes with a toothing on an output shaft.

Das Dokument CN 201 358 892 Y offenbart ein Planetengetriebe mit zwei Planetenstufen, an die sich eine Stirnradstufe anschließt. Auf einer Sonnenwelle ist ein Stirnrad aufgenommen, das eine axial verlängerte Nabe aufweist. Die axial verlängerte Nabe ist an einer Außenseite an beiden Enden jeweils in einem Innenring eines Lagers drehbar aufgenommen. Die Lager wiederum sind an einem Gehäuse befestigt. Das Stirnrad weist auch einen Radkörper auf, der axial kürzer ausgebildet ist als die Nabe und als eine radial außen am Radkörper angebrachte Verzahnung. Der Radkörper ist, entlang einer Axialrichtung betrachtet, mittig auf der Nabe positioniert.The document CN 201 358 892 Y discloses a planetary gear with two planetary stages, which is followed by a spur gear stage. A spur gear is housed on a sun shaft, which has an axially elongated hub. The axially elongated hub is rotatably received on the outside at both ends in an inner ring of a bearing. The bearings are attached to a housing. The spur gear also has a wheel body that is axially shorter than the hub and as a toothing that is attached radially on the outside of the wheel body. When viewed along an axial direction, the wheel body is positioned centrally on the hub.

Ferner zeigt die Druckschrift KR 2011 128054 A ein Windkraftanlagengetriebe, das zwei Planetenstufen aufweist. Eine Sonnenwelle des Getriebes ist drehmomentübertrag in einer ersten Hohlwelle aufgenommen, die wiederum drehbar in einem Lager gelagert ist. Die erste Hohlwelle wirkt als axiale Verlängerung der Sonnenwelle und ist generatorseitig mit einem an einem Flansch axial aufgeschraubten Stirnrad verbunden. Das Stirnrad weist generatorseitig eine Nabe auf, die in einem Lager drehbar aufgenommen ist. Das Stirnrad weist einen an die Nabe angeformten Radkörper auf, der radial außen mit einer Verzahnung versehen ist, die mit einer Ausgangswelle kämmt.The publication also shows KR 2011 128054 A a wind turbine gearbox that has two planetary stages. A sun shaft of the transmission is received in a torque-transmitting manner in a first hollow shaft, which in turn is rotatably mounted in a bearing. The first hollow shaft acts as an axial extension of the sun shaft and is connected on the generator side to a spur gear axially screwed onto a flange. The spur gear has a hub on the generator side, which is rotatably received in a bearing. The spur gear has a wheel body molded onto the hub, which is provided radially on the outside with a toothing which meshes with an output shaft.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Windkraftgetriebe bereitzustellen, das hinsichtlich Kosten und Servicefreundlichkeit Vorteile aufweist.It is an object of the present invention to provide a wind power transmission which has advantages in terms of cost and ease of service.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Windkraftgetriebe mit den in Anspruch 1 bzw. den in Anspruch 2 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by a wind power transmission with the features specified in claim 1 or in claim 2.

Das erfindungsgemäße Windkraftgetriebe umfasst eine schnelllaufende Stirnradstufe, welche ein HSS-Stirnrad und ein damit kämmendes HSS-Ritzel aufweist, wobei das HSS-Ritzel auf einer HSS-Ritzelwelle angeordnet ist. Eine Außenverzahnung des HSS-Stirnrads kann mit einer Außenverzahnung des HSS-Ritzels kämmen.The wind power transmission according to the invention comprises a high-speed spur gear stage which has an HSS spur gear and a HSS pinion meshing therewith, the HSS pinion being arranged on an HSS pinion shaft. An external toothing of the HSS spur gear can mesh with an external toothing of the HSS pinion.

Das HSS-Stirnrad ist direkt in einem Getriebegehäuse des Windkraftgetriebes gelagert, d.h. das HSS-Stirnrad sitzt nicht, wie bei herkömmlichen Windkraftgetrieben, auf einer drehbar gelagerten Hohlwelle. Ein Gleit- oder Wälzlager zur Lagerung des HSS-Stirnrads kontaktiert das HSS-Stirnrad vorzugsweise unmittelbar.The HSS spur gear is mounted directly in a gearbox housing of the wind power transmission, ie the HSS spur gear is seated not, as with conventional wind power gearboxes, on a rotatable hollow shaft. A sliding or roller bearing for mounting the HSS spur gear preferably contacts the HSS spur gear directly.

Eine Sonnenradwelle einer der schnelllaufenden Stirnradstufe vorgeschalteten Getriebestufe, vorzugsweise eine Planetengetriebestufe, ist direkt mit dem HSS-Stirnrad gekoppelt. Die Sonnenradwelle kann mit einer Kupplung, vorzugsweise einer Zahnkupplung, mit dem HSS-Stirnrad gekoppelt sein.A sun gear shaft of a gear stage upstream of the high-speed spur gear stage, preferably a planetary gear stage, is directly coupled to the HSS spur gear. The sun gear shaft can be coupled to the HSS spur gear with a clutch, preferably a toothed clutch.

Die Bezeichnung schnelllaufend ist ein relativer Begriff, der im Kontext der unterschiedlichen Getriebestufen eines mehrstufigen Getriebes verständlich ist. Bei einem mehrstufigen Windkraftgetriebe, d.h. einem Windkraftgetriebe mit zwei oder mehr Getriebestufen, gibt es Getriebestufen, in denen sich die die Getriebestufe bildenden rotierenden Elemente langsamer bewegen als in anderen Getriebestufen: somit kann man in einem zweistufigen Getriebe eine langsamlaufende Stufe (LSS = Low Speed Stage) und eine schnelllaufende Stufe (HSS) unterscheiden, in einem dreistufigen Getriebe eine langsamlaufende Stufe (LSS), eine mittelschnelllaufende Stufe (IMS = Intermediate Stage) und eine schnelllaufende Stufe (HSS) unterscheiden.The term high-speed is a relative term that is understandable in the context of the different gear stages of a multi-stage gear. With a multi-stage wind turbine gearbox, i.e. a wind power transmission with two or more gear stages, there are gear stages in which the rotating elements forming the gear stage move more slowly than in other gear stages: this means that in a two-stage gear unit a slow-running stage (LSS = Low Speed Stage) and a high-speed stage ( HSS), in a three-stage gearbox distinguish a slow-speed stage (LSS), a medium-speed stage (IMS = Intermediate Stage) and a high-speed stage (HSS).

Die den jeweiligen Getriebestufen LSS, IMS und HSS zugeordneten Maschinenbauteile werden durch die jeweiligen vorangestellten Bezeichnungen LSS-, IMS- und HSS- gekennzeichnet. Zum Beispiel kann anstatt der Bezeichnung "IMS-Sonnenradwelle" gleichbedeutend die Bezeichnung "Sonnenradwelle der IMS" verwendet werden. Die Bezeichnungen "antriebsseitig" und "rotorseitig" werden synonym verwendet, ebenso die Bezeichnungen "abtriebsseitig" und "generatorseitig".The machine components assigned to the respective gear stages LSS, IMS and HSS are identified by the respective preceding designations LSS, IMS and HSS. For example, instead of the term "IMS sun gear shaft", the term "sun gear shaft of the IMS" can be used synonymously. The terms "drive side" and "rotor side" are used synonymously, as are the terms "output side" and "generator side".

Ein Lager wie ein Gleit- oder Wälzlager kann auch als eine Lageranordnung bezeichnet werden. Im Falle eines Gleitlagers umfasst das Lager bzw. die Lageranordnung zwei sich relativ zueinander bewegende Teile, zwischen denen ein Gleitspalt gebildet wird. Im Falle eines Wälzlagers umfasst das Lager bzw. die Lageranordnung zwei sich relativ zueinander bewegende Lagerringe mit dazwischen angeordneten Wälzkörpern.A bearing such as a sliding or rolling bearing can also be referred to as a bearing arrangement. In the case of a plain bearing, the bearing or the bearing arrangement comprises two parts which move relative to one another, between which a sliding gap is formed becomes. In the case of a roller bearing, the bearing or the bearing arrangement comprises two bearing rings which move relative to one another with roller bodies arranged between them.

Die erfinderische Lösung besteht darin, dass das HSS-Stirnrad direkt über ein Gleit- oder Wälzlager im Getriebegehäuse gelagert ist und die Sonnenradwelle der vorgeschalteten Planetengetriebestufe direkt, vorzugsweise über eine Kupplung, insbesondere eine Zahnkupplung, mit dem HSS-Stirnrad gekoppelt ist. Die bei herkömmlichen Windkraftgetrieben vorhandene HSS-Hohlwelle als Träger des HSS-Stirnrads und die drehfeste Verbindung zwischen der Hohlwelle und dem HSS-Stirnrad kann somit entfallen. Dadurch können Kosten eingespart und die Servicefähigkeit des Windkraftgetriebes verbessert werden.The solution according to the invention is that the HSS spur gear is mounted directly on the slide housing or roller bearing in the gear housing and the sun gear shaft of the upstream planetary gear stage is coupled directly to the HSS spur gear, preferably via a clutch, in particular a gear coupling. The HSS hollow shaft present in conventional wind power transmissions as the carrier of the HSS spur gear and the rotationally fixed connection between the hollow shaft and the HSS spur gear can thus be omitted. This can save costs and improve the serviceability of the wind power transmission.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist ferner das Lager des HSS-Stirnrads in das HSS-Stirnrad integriert. Hierbei ist das HSS-Stirnrad so gestaltet, dass im Radkörper Bauraum für die Lageranordnung zur Verfügung steht. Der Steg ist zwischen der Nabe und dem Zahnkranz HSS-Stirnrads außermittig angeordnet, so dass zwischen der Nabe und dem Zahnkranz ein Raum für die Lageranordnung geschaffen ist. Von Vorteil ist dabei, dass das Lager platzsparend angeordnet werden kann. Der wertvolle Bauraum im Getriebegehäuse wird somit optimal ausgenutzt.According to the invention, the bearing of the HSS spur gear is also integrated in the HSS spur gear. The HSS spur gear is designed so that there is space in the wheel body for the bearing arrangement. The web is arranged off-center between the hub and the ring gear of the HSS spur gear, so that a space for the bearing arrangement is created between the hub and the ring gear. The advantage here is that the bearing can be arranged to save space. The valuable installation space in the gear housing is thus optimally used.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.Advantageous refinements and developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung bildet die HSS-Ritzelwelle die Ausgangswelle des Windkraftgetriebes. Von Vorteil ist dabei, dass eine weitere, reibungsbehaftete und somit den Wirkungsgrad verschlechternde Getriebestufe, in der eine Rotation des HSS-Ritzels auf eine Rotation einer eigens vorgesehenen Ausgangswelle übertragen wird, vermieden wird.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the HSS pinion shaft forms the output shaft of the wind power transmission. The advantage here is that a further gear stage, which is subject to friction and thus reduces efficiency, in which a rotation of the HSS pinion is transmitted to a rotation of a specially provided output shaft, is avoided.

Bei herkömmlichen Windkraftgetrieben ist das Stirnrad über eine Hohlwelle mittels Gleit- und/oder Wälzlager gelagert, wobei die Hohlwelle beidseitig, vorzugsweise an den beiden Stirnseiten des Stirnrads, d.h. rotor- und generatorseitig, gelagert ist. Somit sind auf beiden Seiten des Stirnrads Lageranordnungen bereitzustellen und zu warten; auch ist hierzu das Getriebegehäuse konstruktiv so auszugestalten, dass an geeigneten Positionen innerhalb des Getriebegehäuses Lagerstellen für die Lageranordnungen vorhanden sind. Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das HSS-Stirnrad einseitig gelagert. Da das HSS-Stirnrad nur noch einseitig gelagert ist, kann das Getriebegehäuse wesentlicher einfacher gestaltet werden als bei herkömmlichen Windkraftgetrieben.In conventional wind power transmissions, the spur gear is mounted on a hollow shaft by means of slide and / or roller bearings, the hollow shaft being mounted on both sides, preferably on the two end faces of the spur gear, ie on the rotor and generator sides. Bearing arrangements must therefore be provided and maintained on both sides of the spur gear; For this purpose, the gear housing is also to be designed such that bearing points for the bearing arrangements are present at suitable positions within the gear housing. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the HSS spur gear is supported on one side. Since the HSS spur gear is only supported on one side, the gear housing can be made much simpler than with conventional wind power gear units.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das HSS-Stirnrad an einem mit dem Getriebegehäuse fest verbundenen Trägerelement gelagert, z.B. mittels eines am Getriebegehäuse fixierten Trägerelements gelagert. Von Vorteil ist bei einer Lagerung mittels eines separaten Trägerelements, dass die Lagerunganordnung hinsichtlich Belastbarkeit und Servicefähigkeit optimal ausgestaltet werden kann. Von Vorteil ist bei der Lagerung direkt im Getriebegehäuse, dass im Getriebegehäuse ohnehin vorhandene konstruktive Elemente für die Lagerunganordnung genutzt werden und somit die Anzahl von Bauteilen und der Konstruktionsaufwand gering gehalten wird.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the HSS spur gear is mounted on a carrier element which is firmly connected to the gear housing, e.g. mounted by means of a carrier element fixed to the gear housing. It is advantageous in the case of storage by means of a separate carrier element that the storage arrangement can be optimally configured with regard to resilience and serviceability. In the case of storage directly in the transmission housing, it is advantageous that structural elements which are present in the transmission housing are used for the bearing arrangement and thus the number of components and the construction effort are kept low.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das HSS-Stirnrad rotor- oder generatorseitig im Getriebegehäuse gelagert. Somit können an für ein jeweiliges Getriebegehäuse am besten geeigneten Positionen innerhalb des Getriebegehäuses Lagerstellen für die Lageranordnungen geschaffen werden.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the HSS spur gear is mounted on the rotor or generator side in the gear housing. Bearing points for the bearing arrangements can thus be created at positions within the gear housing that are most suitable for a respective gear housing.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das HSS-Stirnrad geschmiedet, aus mehreren Elementen geschweißt oder verschraubt oder mittels eines spanenden Verfahrens aus einem massiven Körper hergestellt. Eine Kombination aus einem der genannten Herstellungsverfahren ist auch denkbar. Ebenfalls kann der Radkörper des Stirnrads aus einem massiven Körper über ein spanendes Verfahren hergestellt werden. Von Vorteil ist dabei, dass eine für die jeweilige konstruktive Situation optimale Lösung gewählt werden kann.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the HSS spur gear is forged, welded or screwed from a plurality of elements or produced from a solid body by means of a machining process. A combination of one of the production methods mentioned is also conceivable. The wheel body of the spur gear can also be produced from a solid body using a machining process. Of The advantage here is that an optimal solution can be chosen for the respective constructive situation.

Die oben beschriebenen Eigenschaften, Merkmale und Vorteile dieser Erfindung sowie die Art und Weise, wie diese erreicht werden, werden klarer und deutlicher verständlich durch die folgende Beschreibung, welche anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert wird. Es zeigt jeweils schematisch und nicht maßstabsgetreu:

Fig. 1
ein Windkraftgetriebe mit einer herkömmlich gestalteter HSS;
Fig. 2
ein Windkraftgetriebe mit einer erfindungsgemäßen HSS;
Fig. 3
eine separate Darstellung der in Fig. 2 gezeigten HSS;
Fig. 4
eine alternative Ausgestaltung einer HSS;
Fig. 5
eine Ausgestaltung einer HSS mit Gleitlagern;
Fig. 6
eine alternative Ausgestaltung einer HSS mit Gleitlagern;
Fig. 7
eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer HSS mit Gleitlagern; und
Fig. 8
eine Explosionsdarstellung von Fig. 7.
The above-described properties, features and advantages of this invention and the manner in which they are achieved will become clearer and more clearly understood from the following description, which is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. It shows schematically and not to scale:
Fig. 1
a wind power transmission with a conventionally designed HSS;
Fig. 2
a wind power transmission with an HSS according to the invention;
Fig. 3
a separate representation of the in Fig. 2 shown HSS;
Fig. 4
an alternative embodiment of an HSS;
Fig. 5
an embodiment of an HSS with plain bearings;
Fig. 6
an alternative embodiment of an HSS with plain bearings;
Fig. 7
a further embodiment of an HSS with plain bearings; and
Fig. 8
an exploded view of Fig. 7 ,

Fig. 1 stellt ein Windkraftgetriebe mit einer herkömmlich gestalteten HSS dar. Das Windkraftgetriebe umfasst eine antriebsseitige erste Planetenstufe 1, 5, 7, 8, 16 als LSS, eine der ersten Planetenstufe nachgeschaltete abtriebsseitige zweite Planetenstufe 11, 14, 17, 19 20 als IMS sowie eine abtriebsseitige Stirnradstufe 23, 29 als HSS, wobei die Getriebestufen von einem Getriebegehäuse 22 umgeben sind. Das Getriebegehäuse 22 ist dabei durch eine mit dem Getriebegehäuse 22 verbundene Getriebestütze 2, die auch als Drehmomentstütze dient, in einer WKA-Gondel lagerbar (WKA = Windkraftanlage). Die antriebsseitige erste Planetenstufe wird im Folgenden als LSS-Planetenstufe, die abtriebsseitige zweite Planetenstufe als IMS-Planetenstufe und die abtriebsseitige Stirnradstufe als HSS- Stirnradstufe bezeichnet. Fig. 1 represents a wind power transmission with a conventionally designed HSS. The wind power transmission comprises a drive-side first planetary stage 1, 5, 7, 8, 16 as an LSS, a second planetary stage 11, 14, 17, 19 20 downstream of the first planetary stage as an IMS and an output-side Spur gear stage 23, 29 as HSS, the gear stages being surrounded by a gear housing 22. The gearbox 22 can be stored in a wind turbine nacelle by a transmission support 2 connected to the transmission housing 22, which also serves as a torque support (WKA = wind turbine). The drive-side first planetary stage is referred to below as the LSS planetary stage, the output-side second planetary stage as the IMS planetary stage and the output-side spur gear stage as the HSS spur gear stage.

Im Getriebegehäuse 22 sind ein mit einer Rotornabe verbindbarer LSS-Planetenträger 1 und eine mit einem Generator verbindbare HSS-Ritzelwelle 29 gelagert. Die beiden Planetenstufen umfassen jeweils ein Hohlrad 8, 11, mehrere in einem Planetenträger 1, 14 gelagerte Planetenräder 7, 19 und eine Sonnenradwelle 16, 20. Dabei sind die LSS-Planetenräder 7 über LSS-Planetenradlager 6 drehbar auf im LSS-Planetenträger 1 gehaltenen LSS-Planetenradachsen 5 gelagert. Außerdem sind die IMS-Planetenräder 19 über LSS-Planetenradlager drehbar auf im IMS-Planetenträger 14 gehaltenen IMS-Planetenradachse 17 gelagert. Die beiden als Hohlwellen ausgebildeten Sonnenradwellen 16, 20, d.h. die LSS-Sonnenradwelle 16 und die IMS-Sonnenradwelle 20, umgeben ein das Getriebegehäuse 22 axial durchlaufendes Pitchrohr 12, welches einen Kanal vom generatorseitigen Ende zum rotorseitigen Ende des Windkraftgetriebes ausbildet.An LSS planet carrier 1, which can be connected to a rotor hub, and an HSS pinion shaft 29, which can be connected to a generator, are mounted in the transmission housing 22. The two planetary stages each comprise a ring gear 8, 11, a plurality of planet gears 7, 19 mounted in a planet carrier 1, 14 and a sun gear shaft 16, 20. The LSS planet gears 7 are rotatable via LSS planet gear bearings 6 on those held in the LSS planet carrier 1 LSS planetary axles 5 mounted. In addition, the IMS planet gears 19 are rotatably mounted on the IMS planet gear shaft 17 held in the IMS planet carrier 14 via LSS planet gear bearings. The two sun gear shafts 16, 20 designed as hollow shafts, i.e. the LSS sun gear shaft 16 and the IMS sun gear shaft 20 surround a pitch tube 12 which runs axially through the gear housing 22 and which forms a channel from the generator-side end to the rotor-side end of the wind power transmission.

Der LSS-Planetenträger 1 der antriebsseitigen LSS-Planetenstufe weist dabei eine zum Windrotor gerichtete Hohlwelle zum Anschluss an einer Rotornabe des Windrotors auf. Der LSS-Planetenträger 1 ist über ein antriebsseitiges Lager 3, ein LSS-Führungslager 9 und ein abtriebsseitiges Lager 13 drehbar im Getriebegehäuse 22 gelagert. Dabei ist das antriebsseitige Lager 3 durch einen rotorseitigen Getriebedeckel 4 gegen Umwelteinflüsse geschützt. Außerdem ist das LSS-Führungslager 9 an einem Gehäuseflansch 10, der das LSS-Hohlrad 8 und das IMS-Hohlrad 11 verbindet, angeordnet.The LSS planet carrier 1 of the drive-side LSS planetary stage has a hollow shaft directed towards the wind rotor for connection to a rotor hub of the wind rotor. The LSS planet carrier 1 is rotatably mounted in the gear housing 22 via a drive-side bearing 3, an LSS guide bearing 9 and an output-side bearing 13. The drive-side bearing 3 is protected against environmental influences by a rotor-side gear cover 4. In addition, the LSS guide bearing 9 is arranged on a housing flange 10, which connects the LSS ring gear 8 and the IMS ring gear 11.

Die mit einem Sonnenrad der antriebsseitigen LSS-Planetenstufe drehfest verbundene LSS-Sonnenradwelle 16 ist über eine erste Kupplung 18 mit dem IMS-Planetenträger 14 der IMS-Planetenstufe verbunden. Dabei weist der IMS-Planetenträger 14 der IMS-Planetenstufe antriebsseitig eine Hohlwelle auf, die einen Endabschnitt der LSS-Sonnenradwelle 16 der antriebsseitigen LSS-Planetenstufe konzentrisch umgibt. Die erste Kupplung 18, die als eine Kurzverzahnungskupplung ausgebildet sein kann, zwischen den beiden Planetenstufen kann dabei durch eine Außenverzahnung an der LSS-Sonnenradwelle 16 der antriebsseitigen LSS-Planetenstufe und durch eine Innenverzahnung an der Hohlwelle des IMS-Planetenträgers 14 der IMS-Planetenstufe gebildet sein.The LSS sun gear shaft 16, which is non-rotatably connected to a sun gear of the drive-side LSS planetary stage, is via a first clutch 18 connected to the IMS planet carrier 14 of the IMS planetary stage. The IMS planet carrier 14 of the IMS planetary stage has a hollow shaft on the drive side, which concentrically surrounds an end section of the LSS sun gear shaft 16 of the LSS planetary stage on the drive side. The first clutch 18, which can be designed as a short tooth clutch, between the two planetary stages can be formed by external teeth on the LSS sun gear shaft 16 of the drive-side LSS planetary stage and by internal teeth on the hollow shaft of the IMS planet carrier 14 of the IMS planetary stage his.

Der IMS-Planetenträger 14 ist, wie der LSS- Planetenträger 1, über das abtriebsseitige Lager 13 drehbar im Getriebegehäuse 22 gelagert. Dabei ist an dem antriebsseitigen Ende der Hohlwelle des IMS-Planetenträgers 14 ein Befestigungsdeckel 21 angeordnet, der auch einen Anschlag für einen Innenring des abtriebsseitigen Lagers 13 bildet.The IMS planet carrier 14, like the LSS planet carrier 1, is rotatably mounted in the gear housing 22 via the bearing 13 on the output side. In this case, a fastening cover 21 is arranged on the drive-side end of the hollow shaft of the IMS planet carrier 14, which also forms a stop for an inner ring of the drive-side bearing 13.

Die HSS-Stirnradstufe umfasst neben der HSS-Ritzelwelle 29 ein mit diesem kämmendes HSS-Stirnrad 23 und eine HSS-Hohlwelle 38, die vom HSS-Stirnrad 23 koaxial umgeben und mit diesem drehfest verbunden ist. Dabei ist die HSS-Hohlwelle 38 in einem rotorseitigen Lager 31 und einem generatorseitigen Lager 32 im Getriebegehäuse 22 drehbar gelagert. Dabei ist das generatorseitige Lager 32 durch eine generatorseitige Abdeckung 30 der HSS-Hohlwelle 38 gegen Umwelteinflüsse geschützt.In addition to the HSS pinion shaft 29, the HSS spur gear stage includes an HSS spur gear 23 meshing with it and an HSS hollow shaft 38 which is coaxially surrounded by the HSS spur gear 23 and is connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner. The HSS hollow shaft 38 is rotatably supported in a rotor-side bearing 31 and a generator-side bearing 32 in the gear housing 22. The generator-side bearing 32 is protected against environmental influences by a generator-side cover 30 of the HSS hollow shaft 38.

Analog dazu ist die HSS-Ritzelwelle 29 in einem rotorseitigen Lager 26 und einem generatorseitigen Lager 27 im Getriebegehäuse 22 drehbar gelagert. Dabei ist das generatorseitige Lager 27 durch eine generatorseitige Abdeckung 28 der HSS-Ritzelwelle 29 gegen Umwelteinflüsse geschützt.Analogously, the HSS pinion shaft 29 is rotatably mounted in a rotor-side bearing 26 and a generator-side bearing 27 in the gear housing 22. The generator-side bearing 27 is protected against environmental influences by a generator-side cover 28 of the HSS pinion shaft 29.

Die mit einem Sonnenrad der IMS-Planetenstufe drehfest verbundene IMS-Sonnenradwelle 20 ist über eine zweite Kupplung 15 mit der Hohlwelle 38 der HSS-Stirnradstufe verbunden, die einen Endabschnitt der IMS-Sonnenradwelle 20 koaxial umgibt. Die zweite Kupplung 15, die als eine Kurzverzahnungskupplung ausgebildet sein kann, zwischen der IMS-Planetenstufe und der HSS-Stirnradstufe ist dabei durch eine Außenverzahnung an der IMS-Sonnenradwelle 20 der IMS-Planetenstufe und durch eine Innenverzahnung an der Hohlwelle 38 der HSS-Stirnradstufe gebildet.The IMS sun gear shaft 20, which is non-rotatably connected to a sun gear of the IMS planetary stage, is connected via a second coupling 15 to the hollow shaft 38 of the HSS spur gear stage coaxially surrounds an end portion of the IMS sun gear shaft 20. The second clutch 15, which can be designed as a short-tooth clutch, between the IMS planetary stage and the HSS spur gear stage is by external teeth on the IMS sun gear shaft 20 of the IMS planetary stage and by internal teeth on the hollow shaft 38 of the HSS spur gear stage educated.

Fig. 2 stellt ein Windkraftgetriebe mit einer erfindungsgemäß gestalteten HSS dar. Es handelt sich um wie bei dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Windkraftgetriebe um ein dreistufiges Getriebe, wobei die LSS-Planetengetriebestufe und die IMS-Planetengetriebestufe wie bei dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Windkraftgetriebe ausgebildet sind. Ein wesentlicher Unterschied zu dem in Fig. 1 dargestellten Windkraftgetriebe besteht in der HSS: während bei der herkömmlich gestalteten HSS das HSS-Stirnrad 23 drehfest auf einer rotierbar gelagerten HSS-Hohlwelle angeordnet ist, ist bei der herkömmlich gestalteten HSS das HSS-Stirnrad 23 selbst in dem Getriebegehäuse 22 drehbar gelagert, d.h. es wird auf eine HSS-Hohlwelle verzichtet. Fig. 2 represents a wind power transmission with an HSS designed according to the invention. It is like that in Fig. 1 shown wind power transmission around a three-stage gear, the LSS planetary gear stage and the IMS planetary gear stage as in the in Fig. 1 shown wind power transmission are formed. A major difference from that in Fig. 1 The wind power transmission shown is in the HSS: while in the conventionally designed HSS the HSS spur gear 23 is rotatably arranged on a rotatably mounted HSS hollow shaft, in the conventionally designed HSS the HSS spur gear 23 itself is rotatably mounted in the gear housing 22, ie it there is no HSS hollow shaft.

Das HSS-Stirnrad 23 ist mittels eines Lagers 24 an einem Trägerelement 25 gelagert, das fest mit dem Getriebegehäuse 22 verbunden ist.The HSS spur gear 23 is supported by means of a bearing 24 on a carrier element 25 which is fixedly connected to the gear housing 22.

Dabei ist die mit einem Sonnenrad der IMS-Planetenstufe drehfest verbundene IMS-Sonnenradwelle 20 über eine zweite Kupplung 15 direkt mit dem HSS-Stirnrad 23 verbunden. Die zweite Kupplung 15, die als eine Kurzverzahnungskupplung ausgebildet sein kann, zwischen der IMS-Planetenstufe und dem HSS-Stirnrad 23 ist dabei durch eine Außenverzahnung an der IMS-Sonnenradwelle 20 der IMS-Planetenstufe und durch eine Innenverzahnung an dem HSS-Stirnrad 23 der HSS-Stirnradstufe gebildet.The IMS sun gear shaft 20, which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to a sun gear of the IMS planetary stage, is connected directly to the HSS spur gear 23 via a second clutch 15. The second clutch 15, which can be designed as a short tooth clutch, between the IMS planetary stage and the HSS spur gear 23 is by an external toothing on the IMS sun gear shaft 20 of the IMS planetary stage and by an internal toothing on the HSS spur gear 23 HSS spur gear stage formed.

Fig. 3 ist eine separate Darstellung der in Fig. 2 gezeigten HSS. Hierdurch wird unter anderem gezeigt, dass die gesamte HSS, umfassend das HSS-Stirnrad 23 und die HSS-Ritzelwelle 29, als ein eigenständiges Modul gebaut und an das Getriebegehäuse montiert werden kann. Dabei ist das HSS-Stirnrad 23 generatorseitig im Getriebegehäuse 22 gelagert. Das das Lager 24 tragende Trägerelement 25 ragt generatorseitig in eine generatorseitige Ausnehmung des HSS-Stirnrads 23. Das Lager 24 ist zwischen dem Trägerelement 25 und einem radial weiter außen verlaufenden Innenumfang eines Zahnkranzes des HSS-Stirnrads 23 angeordnet. Der Steg zwischen der Nabe und dem Zahnkranz des HSS-Stirnrads 23 ist außermittig angeordnet, so dass zwischen der Nabe und dem Zahnkranz ein Raum für die Lageranordnung 24 des HSS-Stirnrads 23 geschaffen ist. Fig. 3 is a separate representation of the in Fig. 2 shown HSS. This shows, among other things, that the entire HSS, including the HSS spur gear 23 and the HSS pinion shaft 29, built as an independent module and can be mounted on the gearbox. The HSS spur gear 23 is mounted on the generator side in the gear housing 22. The support element 25 carrying the bearing 24 projects into a recess on the generator side of the HSS spur gear 23 on the generator side. The bearing 24 is arranged between the support element 25 and an inner circumference of a toothed ring of the HSS spur gear 23 that extends radially outward. The web between the hub and the ring gear of the HSS spur gear 23 is arranged off-center, so that a space for the bearing arrangement 24 of the HSS spur gear 23 is created between the hub and the ring gear.

Fig. 4 zeigt eine alternative Ausgestaltung einer erfindungsgemäßen HSS. Dabei ist das HSS-Stirnrad 23 rotorseitig im Getriebegehäuse 22 gelagert. Das das Lager 24 tragende Trägerelement 25 ragt rotorseitig in eine rotorseitige Ausnehmung des HSS-Stirnrads 23. Das Lager 24 ist zwischen dem Trägerelement 25 und einem radial weiter außen verlaufenden Innenumfang eines Zahnkranzes des HSS-Stirnrads 23 angeordnet. Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of an HSS according to the invention. The HSS spur gear 23 is mounted on the rotor side in the gear housing 22. The carrier element 25 carrying the bearing 24 protrudes on the rotor side into a rotor-side recess of the HSS spur gear 23. The bearing 24 is arranged between the carrier element 25 and a radially further outer circumference of a toothed ring of the HSS spur gear 23.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine Ausgestaltung einer HSS mit Gleitlagern. Dabei ist das HSS-Stirnrad 23 generatorseitig im Getriebegehäuse 22 gelagert. Das das radiale Gleitlager 37 tragende Trägerelement 25 ragt generatorseitig in eine generatorseitige Ausnehmung des HSS-Stirnrads 23. Das radiale Gleitlager 37 ist zwischen dem Trägerelement 25 und einem radial weiter außen umlaufenden Innenumfang eines Zahnkranzes des HSS-Stirnrads 23 angeordnet. Zusätzlich ist eine rotorseitige Stirnfläche des HSS-Stirnrads 23 mittels eines rotorseitigen axialen Gleitlagers 33 an einem rotorseitigen Abstützelement, welches mit dem Getriebegehäuse fest verbunden ist, abgestützt. Zusätzlich ist eine generatorseitige Stirnfläche des HSS-Stirnrads 23 mittels eines generatorseitigen axialen Gleitlagers 34 an einem generatorseitigen Trägerelement 25 abgestützt, das fest mit dem Getriebegehäuse 22 verbunden ist. Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of an HSS with plain bearings. The HSS spur gear 23 is mounted on the generator side in the gear housing 22. The carrier element 25 carrying the radial slide bearing 37 projects into a recess on the generator side of the HSS spur gear 23 on the generator side. The radial slide bearing 37 is arranged between the support element 25 and an inner circumference of a toothed ring of the HSS spur gear 23 that extends radially further outward. In addition, a rotor-side end face of the HSS spur gear 23 is supported by means of a rotor-side axial slide bearing 33 on a rotor-side support element which is fixedly connected to the gear housing. In addition, a generator-side end face of the HSS spur gear 23 is supported by a generator-side axial slide bearing 34 on a generator-side carrier element 25, which is fixedly connected to the gear housing 22.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine alternative Ausgestaltung einer HSS mit Gleitlagern. Dabei ist das HSS-Stirnrad 23 generatorseitig im Getriebegehäuse 22 gelagert. Das das radiale Gleitlager 37 tragende Trägerelement 25 ragt generatorseitig in eine generatorseitige Ausnehmung des HSS-Stirnrads 23. Das radiale Gleitlager 37 ist zwischen dem Trägerelement 25 und einem radial weiter innen umlaufenden Außenumfang des HSS-Stirnrads 23 angeordnet. Zusätzlich ist eine rotorseitige Stirnfläche des HSS-Stirnrads 23 mittels eines rotorseitigen axialen Gleitlagers 33 an einem rotorseitigen Abstützelement, welches mit dem Getriebegehäuse fest verbunden ist, abgestützt. Zusätzlich ist eine generatorseitige Stirnfläche des HSS-Stirnrads 23 mittels eines generatorseitigen axialen Gleitlagers 34 an einem generatorseitigen Trägerelement 25 abgestützt, das fest mit dem Getriebegehäuse 22 verbunden ist. Fig. 6 shows an alternative embodiment of an HSS with plain bearings. The HSS spur gear 23 is mounted on the generator side in the gear housing 22. The carrier element 25 carrying the radial slide bearing 37 protrudes into a recess on the generator side of the HSS spur gear 23 on the generator side. The radial slide bearing 37 is arranged between the support element 25 and an outer circumference of the HSS spur gear 23 which extends radially further inwards. In addition, a rotor-side end face of the HSS spur gear 23 is supported by means of a rotor-side axial slide bearing 33 on a rotor-side support element which is fixedly connected to the gear housing. In addition, a generator-side end face of the HSS spur gear 23 is supported by means of a generator-side axial slide bearing 34 on a generator-side carrier element 25 which is fixedly connected to the gear housing 22.

Fig. 7 zeigt eine weitere Ausgestaltung einer HSS mit einem Gleitlager. Dabei ist das HSS-Stirnrad 23 generatorseitig im Getriebegehäuse 22 gelagert. Das das radiale Gleitlager 37 tragende Trägerelement 25 ragt generatorseitig in eine generatorseitige Ausnehmung des HSS-Stirnrads 23. Das radiale Gleitlager 37 ist zwischen dem Trägerelement 25 und einem radial weiter innen umlaufenden Außenumfang des HSS-Stirnrads 23 angeordnet. Zusätzlich ist eine zum Rotor gerichtete Stirnfläche einer axialen Befestigungsscheibe 36, welche axial unbeweglich an dem HSS-Stirnrad 23 befestigt ist, mittels eines generatorseitigen axialen Gleitlagers 34 an dem Trägerelement 25 abgestützt. Zusätzlich ist eine zum Generator gerichtete Stirnfläche des HSS-Stirnrads 23 mittels eines rotorseitigen axialen Gleitlagers 33 an dem Trägerelement 25 abgestützt. Das Trägerelement 25 ist dabei von einem Deckel 35 des Getriebegehäuses 22 axial fixiert. Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of an HSS with a plain bearing. The HSS spur gear 23 is mounted on the generator side in the gear housing 22. The carrier element 25 carrying the radial slide bearing 37 protrudes into a recess on the generator side of the HSS spur gear 23 on the generator side. The radial slide bearing 37 is arranged between the support element 25 and an outer circumference of the HSS spur gear 23 which extends radially further inwards. In addition, an end face directed towards the rotor of an axial fastening disk 36, which is fastened axially immovably to the HSS spur gear 23, is supported on the carrier element 25 by means of an axial slide bearing 34 on the generator side. In addition, an end face of the HSS spur gear 23 facing the generator is supported on the carrier element 25 by means of a rotor-side axial slide bearing 33. The carrier element 25 is axially fixed by a cover 35 of the gear housing 22.

Fig. 8 zeigt eine Explosionsdarstellung von Fig. 7. Die IMS-Sonnenradwelle 20 mit einer Außenverzahnung auf dem generatorseitigen Endumfang wird in dem Getriebegehäuse 22 angeordnet. Das HSS-Stirnrad 23 mit einer Innenverzahnung auf einem radial innenliegenden Umfang wird ebenfalls in dem Getriebegehäuse 22 angeordnet. Dabei werden die Sonnenradwelle 20 und das HSS-Stirnrad 23 so ineinander geschoben, dass die Außenverzahnung der Sonnenradwelle 20 mit der Innenverzahnung des HSS-Stirnrads 23 kämmt. Von der Generatorseite her werden ein rotorseitiges axiales Gleitlager 33, ein Trägerelement 25 mit einem radialen Gleitlager 37, ein generatorseitiges axiales Gleitlager 34 sowie eine axiale Befestigungsscheibe 36 in eine generatorseitige Ausnehmung des HSS-Stirnrads 23 eingeschoben. Zuletzt wird die generatorseitige Ausnehmung des HSS-Stirnrads 23 mit einem Deckel 35 verschlossen. Fig. 8 shows an exploded view of Fig. 7 , The IMS sun gear shaft 20 with external teeth on the generator-side end circumference is arranged in the transmission housing 22. The HSS spur gear 23 with an internal toothing on a radially inner circumference is also in the gear housing 22 arranged. The sun gear shaft 20 and the HSS spur gear 23 are pushed into one another in such a way that the external toothing of the sun gear shaft 20 meshes with the internal toothing of the HSS spur gear 23. From the generator side, a rotor-side axial slide bearing 33, a carrier element 25 with a radial slide bearing 37, a generator-side axial slide bearing 34 and an axial fastening disk 36 are inserted into a generator-side recess in the HSS spur gear 23. Finally, the generator-side recess of the HSS spur gear 23 is closed with a cover 35.

Claims (6)

  1. Wind turbine transmission with a high-speed spur gear stage (23, 29), having an HSS spur gear (23) with a hub and a ring gear and an HSS pinion meshing therewith on an HSS pinion shaft (29), wherein the HSS spur gear (23) is directly mounted in a transmission housing (22) of the wind turbine transmission and a sun gear shaft (20) of a gear stage (11, 19, 20), which is mounted upstream of the high-speed spur gear stage (23, 29), is directly coupled (15) to the HSS spur gear (23), wherein
    the HSS spur gear (23) has an eccentric web between the hub and a space is formed between the hub and the ring gear for a bearing arrangement (24) of the HSS spur gear (23), where the bearing arrangement (24) is radially arranged between the ring gear and the hub,
    characterised in that the bearing arrangement (24) comprises a bearing (24) which is arranged between a carrier element (25), which is connected to the transmission housing (22), and an inner circumference of the HSS spur gear (23) extending radially further outwardly.
  2. Wind turbine transmission with a high-speed spur gear stage (23, 29), having an HSS spur gear (23) with a hub and a ring gear and an HSS pinion meshing therewith on an HSS pinion shaft (29), wherein the HSS spur gear (23) is directly mounted in a transmission housing (22) of the wind turbine transmission and a sun gear shaft (20) of a gear stage (11, 19, 20), which is mounted upstream of the high-speed spur gear stage (23, 29), is directly coupled (15) to the HSS spur gear (23), wherein
    the HSS spur gear (23) has an eccentric web between the hub and the ring gear and a space is formed between the hub and the ring gear for a bearing arrangement (24) of the HSS spur gear (23), where the bearing arrangement (24) is radially arranged between the ring gear and the hub,
    characterised in that the bearing arrangement comprises a bearing (24) which is designed as a journal bearing (37), and which is arranged between a carrier element (25), which is connected to the transmission housing (22), and an outer circumference of the HSS spur gear (23) extending radially further inwardly.
  3. Wind turbine transmission according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the HSS pinion shaft (29) forms the output shaft of the wind turbine transmission.
  4. Wind turbine transmission according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the HSS spur gear (23) is mounted on one side.
  5. Wind turbine transmission according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the HSS spur gear (23) is mounted in the transmission housing (22) on the rotor side or on the generator side.
  6. Wind turbine transmission according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the HSS spur gear (23) is forged, welded or screwed from a plurality of elements or produced from a solid body by means of a cutting method.
EP17748728.7A 2016-08-04 2017-08-02 Wind turbine transmission Active EP3464894B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016214452 2016-08-04
PCT/EP2017/069498 WO2018024761A1 (en) 2016-08-04 2017-08-02 Wind turbine transmission

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EP3464894A1 EP3464894A1 (en) 2019-04-10
EP3464894B1 true EP3464894B1 (en) 2020-02-12

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US (1) US11078888B2 (en)
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CN (1) CN109563814B (en)
DK (1) DK3464894T3 (en)
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WO (1) WO2018024761A1 (en)

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EP3464894A1 (en) 2019-04-10
WO2018024761A1 (en) 2018-02-08
DK3464894T3 (en) 2020-04-27
US20190186469A1 (en) 2019-06-20
CN109563814A (en) 2019-04-02
US11078888B2 (en) 2021-08-03
ES2784973T3 (en) 2020-10-02
CN109563814B (en) 2020-06-23

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