EP3460929B1 - Bougie d'allumage pour moteur à combustion interne - Google Patents

Bougie d'allumage pour moteur à combustion interne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3460929B1
EP3460929B1 EP17192672.8A EP17192672A EP3460929B1 EP 3460929 B1 EP3460929 B1 EP 3460929B1 EP 17192672 A EP17192672 A EP 17192672A EP 3460929 B1 EP3460929 B1 EP 3460929B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spark plug
housing
chamber
bore
contact interface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17192672.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
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EP3460929A1 (fr
Inventor
Karl Stellwagen
Friedrich SCHÄFER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH filed Critical Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH
Priority to EP17192672.8A priority Critical patent/EP3460929B1/fr
Priority to ES17192672T priority patent/ES2821656T3/es
Priority to CN201811055193.5A priority patent/CN109546533B/zh
Publication of EP3460929A1 publication Critical patent/EP3460929A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3460929B1 publication Critical patent/EP3460929B1/fr
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/20—Sparking plugs characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H01T13/08—Mounting, fixing or sealing of sparking plugs, e.g. in combustion chamber
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H01T13/16—Means for dissipating heat
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/54—Sparking plugs having electrodes arranged in a partly-enclosed ignition chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P13/00—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other parts of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P15/00—Electric spark ignition having characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F02P1/00 - F02P13/00 and combined with layout of ignition circuits
    • F02P15/006—Ignition installations combined with other systems, e.g. fuel injection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/40—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other devices

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to a spark plug for an internal combustion engine.
  • Gaseous fuel internal combustion engines powered with a mixture of gaseous fuel and air, may comprise a spark plug per cylinder for ignition purposes.
  • large-bore gaseous fuel internal combustion engines may benefit from a spark plug disposed in a pre-combustion chamber (also referred to as a pre-chamber), as it is otherwise difficult to consistently achieve complete and thorough combustion of the gaseous fuel/air mixtures.
  • such a pre-chamber is fluidly connected to a main combustion chamber of a respective cylinder via a riser channel and a plurality of flow transfer channels.
  • the flow transfer channels and the riser channel allow the flow of the mixture of gaseous fuel and air from the main combustion chamber into the pre-chamber during a compression stroke.
  • Enrichment of the mixture in the pre-chamber may be effected by supplying a small quantity of (gaseous) fuel to the pre-chamber via a separate fuel supply passage, for example, during the intake stroke.
  • the enriched mixture is ignited in the pre-chamber by the spark plug.
  • the ignition of the enriched mixture causes a flame front of hot gases that propagates from the pre-chamber via the flow transfer channels into the main combustion chamber.
  • the mixture in the main combustion chamber ignites and burns, and thereby expands against a movable piston that drives a crankshaft.
  • US 2008/0061670 A1 discloses a spark plug including a center electrode, an insulator, and a metal shell.
  • the metal shell includes a mounting portion, a cylindrical portion, a seal portion, a crimping portion, and a buckled portion.
  • a length in the axial direction of an external thread formed on the mounting portion is less than a length of the cylindrical portion in the axial direction.
  • JP 2000 003777 A discloses an ignition plug and an ignition plug assembly.
  • US 5 186 132 A discloses a spark plug for an internal combustion engine.
  • GB 2 541 880 A discloses a shield arrangement to enable reliable ignition for lean burn spark ignited engines.
  • US 2017/0167358 A1 discloses a pre-chamber body for an internal combustion engine.
  • the present disclosure is directed, at least in part, to improving or overcoming one or more aspects of prior systems.
  • the present disclosure relates to a spark plug for an internal combustion engine.
  • the spark plug comprises a center electrode extending along a longitudinal direction, an insulator disposed around the center electrode, and a housing mounted to the insulator.
  • the housing is in thermal contact with the insulator at a first contact interface and has an opening at an end in the longitudinal direction through which the center electrode is exposed.
  • a mounting portion is provided on an outer surface of the housing and configured to detachably mount the spark plug in a spark plug bore of the internal combustion engine.
  • a sealing portion is provided on the outer surface of the housing and configured to sealingly engage an inner surface of the spark plug bore at a second contact interface when the spark plug is mounted in the spark plug bore. The sealing portion is disposed between the mounting portion and the opening in the longitudinal direction.
  • a shield member covers at least in part a front surface of the housing at the end of the same.
  • the shield member is made from a material that has lower thermal conductivity than the material forming the housing, for example, Inconel and/or ceramic
  • the present disclosure relates to a pre-chamber assembly for an internal combustion engine.
  • the pre-chamber assembly comprises a pre-chamber body defining a pre-chamber, and a spark plug according to the above aspect mounted in a spark plug bore formed in the pre-chamber body such that the sealing portion of the spark plug is sealingly engaged with the inner surface of the spark plug bore at the second contact interface.
  • the present disclosure is based in part on the realization that a known spark plug design has the disadvantage that the heat flow from the electrodes of the spark plug takes place over long distances, and therefore the electrodes may become very hot and be subjected to considerable wear. This applies especially when high pressures and a rich combustion are used. Further, even using materials like iridium, platinum and rhodium, this effect can only be reduced, but the problem cannot be overcome.
  • the present disclosure is also based in part on the realization that proving additional insulation of the spark plug from the combustion chamber can further reduce the heat transferred from the combustion chamber and also enhances the heat transfer from the electrodes.
  • materials having low thermal conductivity such as Inconel or ceramics, can be advantageously employed.
  • Fig. 1 depicts a piston 2 arranged in a cylinder 4 of a portion of an internal combustion engine 1 (not shown in further detail).
  • the cylinder 4 is covered by a cylinder head 6.
  • the piston 2, the cylinder 4, and the cylinder head 6 together define a main combustion chamber 8 of the internal combustion engine 1.
  • the piston 2 is reciprocatingly arranged in the cylinder 4 to move between a top dead center (TDC) and a bottom dead center (BDC) during operation of the internal combustion engine 1.
  • TDC top dead center
  • BDC bottom dead center
  • the internal combustion engine 1 is considered as a four-stroke stationary or marine internal combustion engine operating at least in part on gaseous fuel, for example, a gaseous fuel engine or a dual fuel engine.
  • gaseous fuel for example, a gaseous fuel engine or a dual fuel engine.
  • the internal combustion engine may be any type of engine (turbine, gas, diesel, natural gas, propane, two-stroke, etc.) that would utilize the pre-chamber assembly as disclosed herein, or that may not have the pre-chamber assembly.
  • the internal combustion engine may be of any size, with any number of cylinders, and in any configuration (V-type, in-line, radial, etc.).
  • the internal combustion engine may be used to power any machine or other device, including locomotive applications, on-highway trucks or vehicles, off-highway trucks or machines, earth moving equipment, generators, aerospace applications, marine applications, pumps, stationary equipment, or other engine powered applications.
  • the cylinder head 6 includes at least one inlet valve 10, for example, a poppet valve.
  • the inlet valve 10 is accommodated in an inlet channel 12 opening in a piston-side face 14 of the cylinder head 6 for supplying a mixture of gaseous fuel and air into the main combustion chamber 8.
  • at least one outlet valve 16, for example, also a poppet valve is accommodated in an outlet channel 18 of the cylinder head 6 to guide exhaust gas out of the main combustion chamber 8.
  • the cylinder head 6 further comprises a pre-chamber assembly 20.
  • a plurality of flow transfer channels 22 fluidly connect the main combustion chamber 8 with an interior of the pre-chamber assembly 20.
  • the pre-chamber assembly 20 is installed in the cylinder head 6 via a mounting body 24 as shown in Fig. 1 .
  • the pre-chamber assembly 20 may be installed in the cylinder head 6 in any other appropriate fashion.
  • FIG. 2 an exemplary embodiment of a pre-chamber assembly 20 is shown in a schematic cross-sectional view.
  • the pre-chamber assembly 20 includes a first pre-chamber body 26, a second pre-chamber body 28, a spark plug 30, and a fuel supply device 32.
  • the first pre-chamber body 26 and the second pre-chamber body 28 are connected to one another.
  • the spark plug 30 and the fuel supply device 32 are accommodated in the second pre-chamber body 28
  • the first pre-chamber body 26 includes and defines a pre-chamber 34, a riser channel 38 and the flow transfer channels 22.
  • the flow transfer channels 22 fluidly connect an interior of the pre-chamber body 26 (the pre-chamber 34 and the riser channel 38) and the main combustion chamber 8 ( Fig. 1 ).
  • a diameter of the pre-chamber 34 is greater than a diameter of the riser channel 38, which in turn is greater than a diameter of the flow transfer channels 22.
  • the pre-chamber 34 extends along a longitudinal axis A of the first pre-chamber body 26, is funnel-shaped, and tapers towards the riser channel 38.
  • the pre-chamber 34 may have any other shape such as a cylindrical shape, a pyramidal shape, a conical shape, and combinations thereof.
  • the pre-chamber 34 may have a volume within a range between 0,1 % and 10 % of the compression volume of the cylinder 4 (see Fig. 1 ).
  • a bottom section of the pre-chamber 34 smoothly transitions into the riser channel 38.
  • the riser channel 38 longitudinally extends in the first pre-chamber body 26, and opens with one end in the pre-chamber 34. In the configuration shown in Fig. 2 , the riser channel 38 is aligned with the pre-chamber longitudinal axis A. Alternatively, the riser channel 38 may run parallel to the pre-chamber longitudinal axis A, or may confine an angle with the pre-chamber longitudinal axis A.
  • the riser channel 38 fluidly connects the pre-chamber 34 and the flow transfer channels 22.
  • the flow transfer channels 22 are provided.
  • the flow transfer channels 22 extend through a tip portion 43 of the first pre-chamber body 26.
  • the flow transfer channels 22 may directly open in the pre-chamber 34.
  • a riser channel fluidly interconnected between the pre-chamber and the flow transfer channels may be omitted.
  • the spark plug 30 is installed in the pre-chamber assembly 20 so that the spark plug 30 is operably coupled to the pre-chamber 34.
  • operably coupled means that the spark plug 30 is configured and arranged to ignite an ignitable mixture in the pre-chamber 34.
  • the spark plug 30 may extend into the pre-chamber 34.
  • electrodes of the spark plug 30 may reach into the pre-chamber 34 so that a spark between the electrodes ignites a mixture in the pre-chamber 34.
  • the spark plug 30 may be mounted in a spark plug bore 44 formed in the first and/or second pre-chamber body 26, 28.
  • the fuel supply device 32 is mounted in a fuel supply bore 46 extending through the second pre-chamber body 28. Alternatively, the fuel supply device 32 may be mounted in the first pre-chamber body 26.
  • the fuel supply device 32 is configured to supply a fuel, for example, a gaseous fuel, or a rich mixture of fuel and air to the pre-chamber 34 for enriching the same.
  • the spark plug 30 comprises a center electrode 68 extending along a longitudinal direction L.
  • An insulator 70 is disposed around the center electrode 68 and is in thermal contact with the same.
  • a housing 50 is mounted to the insulator 70.
  • the housing 50 is a substantially cylindrical body surrounding the insulator 70, and is in thermal contact with the insulator 70 at a first contact interface 80.
  • the term "contact interface” generally designates an interface between two members that are either directly or indirectly in contact with each other, in particular, in thermal contact with each other. Therefore, as used herein, the term “contact interface” includes a direct contact between surfaces of two members, or an indirect contact between the two members via an intermediate member. In particular, as used herein, the term “contact interface” designates an interface via which a heat transfer between two members occurs.
  • the first contact interface 80 will be described in more detail below.
  • the housing 50 of the spark plug 30 further has an opening 54 at an end 51 in the longitudinal direction A. Through the opening 54, the center electrode 68 is exposed. In the example shown in Fig. 2 , the center electrode 68 protrudes from the opening 54 into the pre-chamber 34. However, in other embodiments, the center electrode 68 may not protrude from the opening 54, and may be disposed in a recess formed in the end 51 of the housing 50. Therefore, as used herein, the term "exposed" is used to designate the accessibility of the center electrode 68 from the side of the pre-chamber 34 via the opening 54 formed in the housing 50.
  • the spark plug 30 further includes at least one ground electrode 94 mounted at the end 51 of the housing 50.
  • the ground electrode 94 which may be a J-gap electrode, is arranged to face the center electrode 68 such that a spark can be generated between the center electrode 68 and the ground electrode 94 in a known manner.
  • the at least one ground electrode 94 is configured to be in thermal contact with the inner surface of the spark plug bore 44 via the housing 50 and a second contact interface 82, which will also be described in more detail below.
  • a mounting portion 56 configured to detachably mount the spark plug 30 in the spark plug bore 44 is provided on an outer surface of the housing 50.
  • the mounting portion 56 includes a shoulder 88 formed in the outer surface of the housing 50.
  • the shoulder 88 is formed, for example, as a substantially annular flange on the housing 50.
  • the mounting portion 56 further comprises a mounting sleeve 90 configured to be mounted on the outer surface of the housing 50 to engage the shoulder 88 and bias the housing 50 towards the end 51 of the housing 50 in the longitudinal direction L.
  • the mounting sleeve 90 includes a male threaded portion 92 configured to engage a corresponding female threaded portion formed in the inner surface of the spark plug bore 44. In this manner, the spark plug 30 is mounted in the spark plug bore 44 by tightening the mounting sleeve 90 to press the housing 50 of the spark plug 30 against the pre-chamber body 26, 28, which will be described in more detail below.
  • a sealing portion 58 is provided on the outer surface of the housing 50 and configured to sealingly engage an inner surface of the spark plug bore 44 at the second contact interface 82 when the spark plug 30 is mounted in the spark plug bore 44 in the above described manner.
  • heat that is transferred to the center electrode 68 and the ground electrode 94 due to the combustion in the pre-chamber 34 can be transferred to the pre-chamber body 26, 28 via the first contact interface 80 and the second contact interface 82.
  • the heat is transferred from the ground electrode 94 to the housing 50, in particular, the end 51 of the same at which the ground electrode 94 is connected to the housing 50, and from the end 51 of the housing 50 to the second pre-chamber body 28 via the second contact interface 82, at which the housing 50 is pressed against the inner surface of the spark plug bore 44.
  • the heat is transferred from the center electrode 68 to the second pre-chamber body 28 via the insulator 70, the first contact interface 80, and the second contact interface 82.
  • the sealing portion 58 of the spark plug 30 is disposed between the mounting portion 56 and the opening 54 at the end 51 of the housing 50 in the longitudinal direction L. As shown in Fig. 2 , this has the effect that the heat transfer from the housing 50 to the second pre-chamber body 28 occurs in close proximity to the end 51 where the center electrode 68 and the ground electrode 94 are heated due to the combustion in the pre-chamber 34. This is in contrast to known designs, in which the corresponding sealing portion is disposed further away from the end of the spark plug than the corresponding mounting portion, such that the heat transfer occurs over a significantly greater distance, i.e., results in significantly less effective cooling of the exposed portions of the center electrode 68 and the ground electrode 94.
  • Fig. 3 shows an exemplary configuration of a spark plug 30 in accordance with the present invention in more detail.
  • the sealing portion 58 includes a conical sealing surface 84 formed in the outer surface of the housing 50 and configured to sealingly engage a mating sealing surface of the spark plug bore 44 (see Fig. 2 ).
  • the conical sealing surface 84 is only an example for the sealing portion 58 of the present disclosure, and other appropriate configurations can be used.
  • a shoulder or step can be formed in the outer surface of the housing 50, as long as an extended sealing surface is provided that can be pressed against a mating sealing surface of the spark plug bore 44 when the spark plug 30 is mounted in the same.
  • the heat transfer between the housing 50 and the spark plug bore 44 may be effected by providing an intermediate member between the same, for example, an annular seal mounted to the outer surface of the housing 50 and configured to sealingly engage the inner surface of the spark plug bore 44.
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary configuration in which the mounting portion 56 includes the shoulder 88 formed on the outer surface of the housing 50 and the mounting sleeve 90 described above, it will be readily appreciated that in other embodiments the mounting portion may be configured as a male threaded portion that is formed on the housing 50 and engages a female threaded portion formed in the inner surface of the spark plug bore to mount the spark plug inside the same such that the sealing portion 58 sealingly engages the inner surface of the spark plug bore 44 at the second contact interface 82.
  • the heat transfer path from both the center electrode 68 and the ground electrode 94 to the pre-chamber body 26, 28 or any other part of the engine in which the spark plug 30 is mounted can be shortened due to the sealing portion 58 being disposed closer to the end 51 of the housing 50 than the mounting portion 56.
  • the first contact interface 80 is formed between a conical outer surface of the insulator 70 and a corresponding conical inner surface of the housing 50, between which a seal 87 is disposed.
  • the heat transfer between the insulator 70 and the housing 50 occurs primarily between the two conical surfaces mentioned above via the seal 87.
  • the heat transfer from the center electrode 68 to the housing 50 also occurs primarily via the first contact interface 80.
  • the heat that is transferred from the center electrode 68 to the housing 50 via the first contact interface 80 is then transferred to the second pre-chamber body 28 via the second contact interface 82 (see Fig. 2 ).
  • the corresponding heat transfer path from the center electrode 68 is shown by a dashed line in Fig. 3 .
  • the heat from the ground electrode 94 is also transferred to the second pre-chamber body 28 from the housing 50 via the second contact interface 82, in particular, via the conical sealing surface 84 that is in thermal contact with a mating surface of the spark plug bore 44.
  • the at least one ground electrode 94 may be configured as a plurality of linear electrodes 96 protruding from the housing 50 with respect to the longitudinal axis L, for example, at an angle of between 0° and 15°. Further, in some embodiments, the plurality of linear electrodes 96, for example, three such linear electrodes, may be arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. The heat transfer path from the linear electrodes 96 to the second contact interface 82 is also shown by a dashed line in Fig. 3 .
  • ground electrode 94 shown in the drawings are only exemplary, and that any appropriate configuration for such ground electrodes can be used. Further, in some embodiments, the ground electrodes 94 may be omitted. In particular, in some cases, the housing 50 itself may serve as the "ground electrode" for generating the spark to ignite the combustion in pre-chamber 34. Clearly, the above-described advantageous effect of the short heat transfer path from the housing 50 to the second pre-chamber body 28 or a corresponding part of the engine can also be obtained in this case.
  • Fig. 3 also shows that, in order to increase the thermal insulation of the housing 50 from the combustion inside the pre-chamber 34, a shield member 98 that covers at least in part a front surface 53 of the housing 50 at the end 51 of the same can be provided.
  • the shield member 98 may be formed as a cover that covers the front surface 53 of the housing 50, for example, a cap-like member that is attached to the end 51 of the housing 50 such that the plurality of linear electrodes 96 and the center electrode 68 protrude from the same.
  • the shield member 98 is made from a material that has lower thermal conductivity than the material forming the housing 50.
  • the shield member 98 may be made from a material such as Inconel or ceramics to further reduce the amount of heat that is transferred from the side of the pre-chamber 34 to the housing 50. This further increases the amount of heat that can be transferred from the center electrode 68 and the plurality of linear electrodes 96 to the housing 50 and the pre-chamber body 26, 28.
  • the housing 50 may be formed from a material with a high thermal conductivity, for example, aluminum alloy and/ or copper alloy.
  • the second contact interface 82 is disposed closer to the opening 54 than the first contact interface 80, or at substantially the same position along the longitudinal direction L. In this manner, the heat transfer from the housing 50 to the part of the engine to which the spark plug 30 is mounted can take place as close to the end 51 of the housing 50 as possible, to minimize the length of the heat transfer path from the center electrode 68 and the at least one ground electrode 94 to the part of the engine to which the spark plug 30 is mounted.
  • the heat transfer distances for at least the center electrode 68 and, if present, the ground electrode 94 can be shortened to efficiently cool the electrodes.
  • the mounting portion 56 of the housing 50 is isolated from the side of the pre-chamber 34 by the sealing portion 58 that is disposed between the same.
  • the housing 50 itself can be thermally insulated from the pre-chamber 34 by providing the shield member 98, to further enhance the heat transfer from the electrodes.
  • spark plug 30 as exemplarily disclosed herein is particularly applicable to gaseous fuel internal combustion engines running on a mixture of gaseous fuel and air. However, as one skilled in the art will appreciate, the spark plug 30 as described herein may be used in other engine configurations and types as well.
  • Each pre-chamber assembly comprises a pre-chamber body defining a pre-chamber, a fuel supply device accommodated in the pre-chamber body and configured to supply gaseous fuel to the pre-chamber, and a spark plug in accordance with the present disclosure mounted in a spark plug bore formed in the pre-chamber body and configured to ignite the gaseous fuel in the pre-chamber.
  • the plurality of pre-chamber assemblies configured as described above are respectively mounted to the cylinder heads of the plurality of cylinders of the gaseous fuel internal combustion engine.
  • the spark plug may also be provided in an engine that does not have a pre-chamber assembly.
  • the spark plug disclosed herein may be mounted to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and may be arranged in a main combustion chamber of the engine.
  • the present embodiments have been described with respect to the combustion of gaseous fuel, it will be appreciated that in some embodiments different types of fuel can be used, for example, liquid fuels and/or a mixture of gaseous fuel and/or liquid fuel.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Spark Plugs (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Bougie d'allumage (30) pour un moteur à combustion interne (1), la bougie d'allumage (30) comprenant :
    une électrode centrale (68) s'étendant le long d'une direction longitudinale (L) ;
    un isolant (70) disposé autour de l'électrode centrale (68) ;
    un boîtier (50) monté sur l'isolant (70), le boîtier (50) étant en contact thermique avec l'isolant (70) au niveau d'une première interface de contact (80) et ayant une ouverture (54) à une extrémité (51) dans la direction longitudinale (L) à travers laquelle l'électrode centrale (68) est exposée ;
    une partie de montage (56) prévue sur une surface externe du boîtier (50) et configurée pour monter de manière amovible la bougie d'allumage (30) dans un alésage (44) de bougie d'allumage du moteur à combustion interne (1) ;
    une partie d'étanchéité (58) ménagée sur la surface externe du boîtier (50) et conçue pour venir en prise de manière étanche avec une surface interne de l'alésage (44) de bougie d'allumage au niveau d'une deuxième interface de contact (82) lorsque la bougie d'allumage (30) est montée dans l'alésage (44) de bougie d'allumage, où la partie d'étanchéité (58) est disposée entre la partie de montage (56) et l'ouverture (54) dans la direction longitudinale (L) ; caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend en outre un élément de protection (98) couvrant au moins en partie une surface avant (53) du boîtier (50) au niveau de l'extrémité (51) de la même,
    dans laquelle l'élément de protection (98) est réalisé à partir d'un matériau qui a une conductivité thermique inférieure à celle du matériau formant le boîtier (50), par exemple Inconel et/ou céramique.
  2. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle la partie d'étanchéité (58) inclut une surface d'étanchéité (84) conique conçue pour venir en prise de manière étanche avec une surface d'étanchéité correspondante de l'alésage (44) de bougie d'allumage.
  3. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans laquelle la partie d'étanchéité (58) comprend un joint annulaire monté sur la surface externe du boîtier (50) et configuré pour venir en prise de manière étanche avec la surface interne de l'alésage (44) de bougie d'allumage.
  4. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle la partie de montage (56) comprend un épaulement (88) formé dans la surface externe du boîtier (50).
  5. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 4, dans laquelle l'épaulement (88) est formé comme une bride sensiblement annulaire sur le boîtier (50).
  6. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 4 ou 5, comprenant en outre un manchon de montage (90) configuré pour être monté sur la surface externe du boîtier (50) pour venir en prise avec l'épaulement (88) et solliciter le boîtier (50) vers l'extrémité (51) dans la direction longitudinale (L).
  7. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle le manchon de montage (90) comprend une partie filetée mâle (92) configurée pour venir en prise avec une partie filetée femelle formée dans la surface interne de l'alésage (44) de bougie d'allumage pour monter la bougie d'allumage (30) dans l'alésage (44) de bougie d'allumage.
  8. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans laquelle la partie de montage (56) comprend une partie filetée mâle formée sur le boîtier (50) et configurée pour venir en prise avec une partie filetée femelle formée dans la surface interne de l'alésage (44) de bougie d'allumage pour monter la bougie d'allumage (30) à l'intérieur de l'alésage (44) de bougie d'allumage de telle sorte que la partie d'étanchéité (58) vient en prise de manière étanche avec la surface interne de l'alésage (44) de bougie d'allumage au niveau de la deuxième interface de contact (82).
  9. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre au moins une électrode de masse (94) montée à l'extrémité (51) du boîtier (50) et agencée pour faire face à l'électrode centrale (68), l'au moins une électrode de masse étant configurée pour être en contact thermique avec la surface interne de l'alésage (44) de bougie d'allumage via le boîtier (50) et la deuxième interface de contact (82).
  10. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 9, dans laquelle l'au moins une électrode de masse (94) comprend une pluralité d'électrodes linéaires (96) faisant saillie du boîtier (50) selon un angle par rapport à la direction longitudinale (L), par exemple, selon un angle compris entre 0° et 15°.
  11. Bougie d'allumage selon la revendication 10, dans laquelle la pluralité d'électrodes linéaires (96), par exemple, trois électrodes linéaires, sont agencées à des intervalles égaux dans la direction circonférentielle.
  12. Bougie d'allumage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle la deuxième interface de contact (82) est disposée plus près de l'ouverture (54) que la première interface de contact (80), ou sensiblement à la même position que la première interface de contact (80) dans la direction longitudinale (L).
  13. Ensemble préchambre (20) pour un moteur à combustion interne (1), comprenant :
    un corps de préchambre (26, 28) définissant une préchambre (34) ; et
    une bougie d'allumage (30) selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 12 montée dans un alésage (44) de bougie d'allumage formé dans le corps de préchambre (26, 28) de telle sorte que la partie d'étanchéité (58) de la bougie d'allumage (30) est en prise étanche avec la surface interne de l'alésage (44) de bougie d'allumage au niveau de la deuxième interface de contact (82).
EP17192672.8A 2017-09-22 2017-09-22 Bougie d'allumage pour moteur à combustion interne Active EP3460929B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17192672.8A EP3460929B1 (fr) 2017-09-22 2017-09-22 Bougie d'allumage pour moteur à combustion interne
ES17192672T ES2821656T3 (es) 2017-09-22 2017-09-22 Bujía para un motor de combustión interna
CN201811055193.5A CN109546533B (zh) 2017-09-22 2018-09-11 用于内燃机的火花塞

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP17192672.8A EP3460929B1 (fr) 2017-09-22 2017-09-22 Bougie d'allumage pour moteur à combustion interne

Publications (2)

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EP3460929A1 EP3460929A1 (fr) 2019-03-27
EP3460929B1 true EP3460929B1 (fr) 2020-07-15

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022226553A1 (fr) 2021-04-28 2022-11-03 Innio Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og Ensemble préchambre

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102018219950B4 (de) 2018-11-21 2022-08-11 Rolls-Royce Solutions GmbH Vorkammeranordnung mit einer Zündkerze und Brennkraftmaschine mit einer solchen Vorkammeranordnung
WO2021072458A1 (fr) * 2019-10-15 2021-04-22 Innio Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og Bougie d'allumage et procédé de production de bougie d'allumage
CA3192056A1 (fr) 2020-10-22 2022-04-28 Stefan PRANKL Bougie d'allumage et procede de production de bougie d'allumage

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DE9017086U1 (fr) * 1990-09-03 1991-03-21 Runge, Friedrich W., Pinetown, Za
JP2000003777A (ja) * 1998-06-12 2000-01-07 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd 点火プラグおよび点火プラグ組立体
JP4351272B2 (ja) * 2006-09-07 2009-10-28 日本特殊陶業株式会社 スパークプラグ
GB2541880B (en) * 2015-08-28 2018-05-23 Cummins Inc Shield arrangement to enable reliable ignition for lean burn spark ignited engines
EP3181854A1 (fr) * 2015-12-14 2017-06-21 Caterpillar Energy Solutions GmbH Préchambre de moteur à combustion interne

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022226553A1 (fr) 2021-04-28 2022-11-03 Innio Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og Ensemble préchambre

Also Published As

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CN109546533B (zh) 2022-01-25
ES2821656T3 (es) 2021-04-27
CN109546533A (zh) 2019-03-29
EP3460929A1 (fr) 2019-03-27

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