EP3460810B1 - Bague haute tension à gradient de capacité améliorée - Google Patents

Bague haute tension à gradient de capacité améliorée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3460810B1
EP3460810B1 EP18193147.8A EP18193147A EP3460810B1 EP 3460810 B1 EP3460810 B1 EP 3460810B1 EP 18193147 A EP18193147 A EP 18193147A EP 3460810 B1 EP3460810 B1 EP 3460810B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating
impregnated fabric
electrically conductive
impregnated
conductive layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18193147.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3460810A1 (fr
Inventor
Giovanni Testin
Fabrice Andre Jean PERROT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
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General Electric Technology GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3460810A1 publication Critical patent/EP3460810A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/48—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances fibrous materials
    • H01B3/50—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances fibrous materials fabric
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/26—Lead-in insulators; Lead-through insulators
    • H01B17/28—Capacitor type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B19/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing insulators or insulating bodies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to electrical bushings and in particular to High Voltage (HV) bushings suitable for use with power transformers for electrical power transmission and distribution (T&D) applications, the bushings having a capacitance graded core.
  • HV High Voltage
  • high voltage is meant a voltage in excess of about 1 kV; the present invention finds particular application to voltages above 24 kV.
  • High voltage bushings for electrical power transmission and distribution applications are usually capacitance graded type bushings with a capacitance graded core arranged around a main elongated conductor (tube or rod).
  • the graded capacitance core also called condenser core or graded capacitor core
  • the graded capacitance core is obtained by winding around the main elongated conductor a sheet of insulating material which is inter-spaced with several screens layers, the layers being made of a conductive or semi conductive material and forming the electrodes of the capacitance graded core.
  • Such high-voltage bushings are known from e.g. WO 2015/117823 .
  • the OIP technology is the older technology on the market. From a production point of view, the OIP technology requires a long drying process and a complex impregnation process of the capacitance graded core to achieve good electrical performances. As a consequence, the production of an OIP technology bushing is time consuming and its delivery time is long.
  • the active part of the OIP resulting capacitance graded core is based on paper and mineral oil
  • the long-term performances of the OIP resulting capacitance graded core are dependent on the maximum temperature that the active part can reach during service operation.
  • the limit set by the standards is 105°C.
  • This technology is also not particularly environmentally friendly because of the use of mineral oil as impregnating fluid.
  • Another risk linked with this technology is the risk of fire in the event of an electrical fault.
  • RIP technology is presently a growing technology in the high voltage bushing market. It is based on a complex and critical manufacturing process based on a lengthy epoxy resin impregnation phase under vacuum of a wound crepe paper and screens core, followed by a lengthy curing of the impregnated core to obtain a cast core. The cast core is then machined to obtain the finished capacitance graded core.
  • the RIP technology demands large investments for the winding machine, the resin mixing and dosing equipment, the casting vessels, the autoclaves and the machine tool for the machining of the cast core.
  • the chemical process of the epoxy resin is very critical and the scrap rate is usually comprised between 3 to 10% for long/large cores.
  • the surface of the capacitance graded core becomes slightly hygroscopic, so special care is necessary to prevent moisture absorption inside the core, which would result in poor electrical performances of the finished capacitance graded core.
  • the epoxy resin formulation is critical from an Environmental, Health and Safety (EHS) point of view as some of its components are classed as toxic and suspected carcinogens.
  • EHS Environmental, Health and Safety
  • the production time is long and prevents fast delivery times.
  • Scrapping of failed cores, of the residual materials resulting from machining or of the residual resin is very expensive as they are considered special wastes that cannot be recycled.
  • the RIP bushing technology is much more expensive compared to an OIP technology.
  • the first methodology is based on a rapid high pressure epoxy resin casting and impregnation of a wound capacitance graded core produced with a fabric made of hydrophilic synthetic fibers; the second methodology is based on a winding manufactured with a fiber glass filaments pre impregnated with epoxy resin.
  • the invention aims to overcome some of the known disadvantages of the prior art solutions.
  • the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a capacitance graded core for a high voltage electrical bushing, the capacitance graded core comprising:
  • the pre-impregnated fabric is melted.
  • the heating is a localized heating, in order to obtain a localized melting.
  • the pressing of the melted pre-impregnated fabric on the elongated conductor is realized with the use of a roller.
  • the pre-impregnated fabric is a fabric made of fibers which are impregnated with an insulating thermoplastic material.
  • the pre-impregnated fabric is preferably in a tape or sheet form.
  • insulating is “electrically insulating”.
  • An insulating fiber will thus mean an electrically insulating fiber.
  • the step of forming an electrically conductive layer on the surface of the insulating pre-impregnated fabric is obtained by applying an electrically conductive layer on the surface of the insulating pre-impregnated fabric.
  • the electrically conductive layer could be, for example, a thin aluminum foil, or a thin layer of a semi conductive material, for example a polyester film filled or coated with metal or graphite.
  • the step of forming an electrically conductive layer on the surface of the insulating pre-impregnated fabric is obtained by spraying a solution containing electrically conductive particles directly on the surface of the insulating pre-impregnated fabric.
  • the step of forming an electrically conductive layer on the surface of the insulating pre-impregnated fabric is obtained by direct metal or semiconductor vaporization on the surface of the insulating pre-impregnated fabric.
  • the formation of the electrically conductive layers may be done before step c), for example by providing an insulating pre-impregnated fabric already incorporating electrically conductive layers formed therein. Preferably, the formation of the electrically conductive layers is done during step c) .
  • the present invention also provides a capacitance graded core for a high voltage electrical bushing, manufactured by the method of the invention, wherein the insulating pre-impregnated fabric is a fabric made of fibers which are impregnated with an insulating thermoplastic material and the fabric is in a tape form.
  • the elongated conductor is a longitudinal electrically conductive element, for example a metallic rod or tube.
  • the invention provides a capacitance graded core with a body made of a continuous insulating composite material directly integrating the inter-laced conducting screens and based on a thermoplastic polymer, the capacitance graded core being obtained directly as a net shape, not requiring further machining.
  • thermosetting resins such as, for example, polyesters, epoxies, polyurethanes, etc.
  • a thermoplastic material can be chosen, for example, amongst polyolefins, such as polyethylene (PE), High Density PE (HDPE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene (PP), poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyetherimide (PEI), polyether sulfone (PES), polyphenylsulfone (PPSF or PPSU) and the likes.
  • polyolefins such as polyethylene (PE), High Density PE (HDPE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polypropylene (PP), poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), polystyrene (PS), polyamide (PA), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyetherimide (PEI), polyether s
  • the steps of the method according to the invention may be carried out with a tape, a foil or a sheet winding platform equipped with a concentrated heating system, such as a robotic arm-guided laser, an electric heater or an air jet. With the robotization and guided heating, this platform allows the rapid realization of large thermoplastic composite parts.
  • a concentrated heating system such as a robotic arm-guided laser, an electric heater or an air jet.
  • FIG 1 illustrates a capacitance graded core manufactured according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the capacitance graded core 1 comprises an elongated electrical conductor 2 and an insulating body 3 arranged axially around the elongated conductor 2.
  • the insulating body 3 is obtained by winding a pre-impregnated fabric 5 (layers of fibers impregnated with a thermoplastic resin) around the elongated conductor and inserting conducting layers 4 between the windings ( figure 2 ).
  • a manufacture station comprising a first support axle for supporting the elongated conductor 2 (here, the elongated conductor 2 is the first support axle) of the capacitance graded core 1, a second support axle 8 for supporting the pre-impregnated fabric 5, at least one pressure roller 6, to press the pre-impregnated fabric on the elongated conductor, and one or more heating elements 7, for example a laser, an electrical heater, an air jet or any other focused heating system ( figures 3 and 4 ).
  • the pre-impregnated fabric 5 can be in a sheet form ( figure 3 ) or a tape form ( figure 4 ).
  • the first support axle can be rotating.
  • the second support axle 8 can be rotating ( figure 3 ); it can also be rotating and be moved in translation with respect to the first support axle ( figure 4 ).
  • the at least one pressure roller 6 and the heating elements 7 can also be moved in translation and in rotation with respect to the first support axle.
  • thermoplastic tape is heated to melt the thermoplastic material.
  • This is a dry winding operation since the heated thermoplastic tape is not in a molten and liquid state; the heat is applied in order to melt the thermoplastic material, thus allowing the adhesion of the melted tape on the body of the winding support (i.e. the elongated electrical conductor or the tape already wound around the conductor).
  • the heat is applied locally near or in the zone where the tape is wound on the winding support.
  • the heating of the thermoplastic tape may be obtained by using one or more heating systems such as, for example, a high power laser beam, an electrical heather or a high temperature air stream.
  • the adhesion of the melted tape on the body of the capacitance graded core is ensured by applying pressure on the body of the capacitance graded core during the winding, in order to consolidate the tape on the rotating surface of the cylindrical capacitance graded core.
  • the pressure may be obtained by using a suitable roller.
  • the capacitance graded core is obtained by integrating within the core an adequate number of correctly shaped and positioned concentric electrodes in the form of electrically conducting layers 4 at different concentric diameters during the winding operation.
  • the integration during the winding operation of the grading electrodes, necessary to obtain the grading of the electric field, can be done by the insertion during the winding operation at the prescribed radial and axial positions of electrically conductive or semi-conductive layers, by using one of the following methods:
  • thermoplastic tape or sheet processed with a high-speed laser-melting robotic platform, the fiber-reinforced thermoplastic being a pre-impregnated fabric in tape or sheet form, in order to produce a wound cylindrical condenser body around an aluminum rod or tube serving as a mechanical support and an electrical conductor for the capacitance graded core.
  • the final net-shape capacitance graded core can be directly obtained by controlling the application of the thermoplastic tape along the axis of the capacitance graded core.
  • the condenser core final net-shape can be achieve without additional machining or thermal treatment so that it can directly be integrated and assembled within a bushing structure.
  • the details such as the number and diameter of fibers of the pre-impregnated fabric and the thermoplastic material used for the impregnation, the dimensions of the tissue, the number of conductive layers, etc. are chosen by the one skilled in the art according to the condenser core to be obtained. It is the same with the choice of winding of complex geometries and tape trajectories during the winding.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un noyau à répartition capacitive (1) pour une traversée électrique haute tension, le noyau à répartition capacitive (1) comprenant :
    - un conducteur électrique allongé (2) ;
    - un corps électro-isolant (3) disposé autour du conducteur électrique allongé (2) ; et
    - une pluralité d'électrodes disposées coaxialement par rapport au conducteur électrique allongé dans le corps électro-isolant ;
    le procédé comprenant :
    a) la fourniture d'un tissu pré-imprégné isolant (5) constitué de fibres isolantes imprégnées avec un matériau thermoplastique isolant, le tissu pré-imprégné ayant une surface ;
    b) le chauffage du tissu pré-imprégné (5) pour faire fondre le matériau thermoplastique du tissu pré-imprégné ;
    c) l'enroulement du tissu pré-imprégné fondu autour du conducteur allongé (2) tout en pressant le tissu pré-imprégné fondu sur le conducteur allongé ;
    le procédé comprenant en outre la formation d'une couche électroconductrice (4) sur la surface du tissu pré-imprégné isolant, cette étape étant répétée de manière intermittente, permettant ainsi d'obtenir une pluralité de couches électroconductrices insérées entre les enroulements du tissu pré-imprégné et formant ainsi la pluralité d'électrodes.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'étape de formation d'une couche électroconductrice (4) sur la surface du tissu pré-imprégné isolant est obtenue par application d'une couche électroconductrice sur la surface du tissu pré-imprégné isolant.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'étape de formation d'une couche électroconductrice sur la surface du tissu pré-imprégné isolant est obtenue par pulvérisation d'une solution contenant des particules électroconductrices directement sur la surface du tissu pré-imprégné isolant.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel l'étape de formation d'une couche électroconductrice sur la surface du tissu pré-imprégné isolant est obtenue par vaporisation de métal ou semi-conducteur directe sur la surface du tissu pré-imprégné isolant.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel l'étape de formation d'une couche électroconductrice (4) est effectuée avant l'étape c).
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel l'étape de formation d'une couche électroconductrice (4) est effectuée pendant l'étape c).
  7. Noyau à répartition capacitive (1) pour une traversée électrique haute tension fabriquée par le procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel le tissu pré-imprégné isolant (5) est un tissu constitué de fibres qui sont imprégnées avec un matériau thermoplastique isolant et le tissu pré-imprégné est sous une forme de ruban.
EP18193147.8A 2017-09-21 2018-09-07 Bague haute tension à gradient de capacité améliorée Active EP3460810B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102017000105778A IT201700105778A1 (it) 2017-09-21 2017-09-21 Boccola avanzata a gradiente di capacitanza ad alta tensione.

Publications (2)

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EP3460810A1 EP3460810A1 (fr) 2019-03-27
EP3460810B1 true EP3460810B1 (fr) 2020-08-19

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IT (1) IT201700105778A1 (fr)

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CN113284684B (zh) * 2021-06-23 2022-04-22 西安交通大学 一种三层梯度gis/gil支撑绝缘子的制备方法
CN114203370B (zh) * 2021-11-30 2023-12-08 搏世因（北京）高压电气有限公司 一种低温超导交直流套管及其制造方法

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NL7404517A (fr) * 1973-04-09 1974-10-11
CN105144308B (zh) * 2012-12-13 2016-10-12 Abb技术有限公司 高压设备和制造高压设备的方法
KR101720479B1 (ko) * 2014-02-05 2017-03-27 에이비비 테크놀로지 리미티드 콘덴서 코어
EP2911255A1 (fr) * 2014-02-19 2015-08-26 ABB Technology Ltd Dispositif de traversée haute tension et son procédé de fabrication

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EP3460810A1 (fr) 2019-03-27
IT201700105778A1 (it) 2019-03-21

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