EP3453473A1 - Sliding gate having a compensation device for the contact pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a slide closure (1) for a metallurgical container, in particular a ladle, comprising a closure housing (60) which can be fastened to a metallurgical container, a top plate (12) which is accommodated in the closure housing (60) and a passage opening (13) for a metallic melt, a slide frame (14) which is slidably mounted in the closure housing (60) in a displacement direction (V) relative to the head plate (12), and a slide plate (15) in the slide frame ( 14) is received and having a passage opening (17), wherein between the closure housing (60) and the slide frame (14) a compensating device (30) for compensating the contact pressure of the slide plate (15) to the top plate (12) is arranged, wherein the Compensation device (30) comprises: at least one carrier body (31a, 31b) which is rotatable about at least one axis of rotation (D) in the closure housing (60) ert is and at least one spring element (50a, 50b), via which the carrier body (31a, 31b) is coupled to the slide frame (14).

Description

The invention relates to a slide closure for a metallurgical container according to the preamble of claim 1.

Slide closures for metallurgical containers are known per se from the prior art. Such gate valves are typically attached to a metallurgical vessel and serve for the controlled pouring of liquid metals from a spout, wherein a spout passage can be opened or closed by mutually displaceable refractory plates. Such slide closures are referred to, for example, as Gießpfannenschieber. Frequently, a slide plate is arranged within a slide frame, which is linearly movable relative to the housing of the slide valve closure by means of a hydraulic cylinder. In Zweiplattenschiebern the slide plate is displaceable relative to a stationary top plate. In triplets the slide plate is displaceable relative to the stationary upper head plate and a stationary lower spout plate.

In order to ensure the tightness of the slide valve closure against uncontrolled discharge of the metallic melt, the refractory plates of the slide valve closure are usually pressed against one another in the direction of the metallurgical container. From the prior art, it is generally known, this contact pressure of the slide plate to the head plate by springs applied. In the prior art, the springs are often based in the housing of the slide closure and on an underside of the slide frame, or in the slide frame and a bottom of the slide plate.

From the DE 27 36 817 B1 is a slide closure with two independently pivotally mounted lever arms known. A rocker frame with a roller guide for the slide housing with the slider plate arranged therein is pivotally mounted in the lever arms. At the ends of the lever arms pressure sleeves are mounted with disc springs on a cross member, wherein the pressure sleeves exert on the slide plate a pressing force to the top plate.

From the EP 0 444 411 A1 is a closure device for a ladle with a pivotally mounted housing for a frame of the slide plate known. Pressure springs are supported in the frame and exert an upward pressure on the top plate directed towards the slide plate.

Production inaccuracies, thermal deformations, or an oblique installation of the refractory plates may result in an unevenly distributed contact pressure and, as a result, a leakage of the slide closure and / or uneven wear of the refractory plates. In addition, there may be a failure of one or more springs during a casting. The failure can be caused by particularly high temperatures, fatigue or other overloads. In these cases, the pressure exerted on the refractory plates contact pressure is no longer evenly distributed. Even with the use of tired springs with lower spring stiffness and already replaced new springs with higher spring stiffness, the problems described below can occur. On the one hand, liquid metal can penetrate between the plates. This reduces the durability of the refractory plates, which must be replaced sooner than normal due to the steel inserts and the wear they cause. On the other hand, there is the risk that liquid metal escapes uncontrollably between the plates and the slide can no longer fulfill its function. In this situation, the safety of the caster and the operators may be compromised.

The solutions of the prior art solve the said problems in terms of balancing the contact force only insufficient.

The present invention therefore has the object to provide a slide closure that can be operated reliably and safely. In particular, the most uniform possible contact pressure between the plates of the slide valve closure, especially even in the event of failure of individual springs, should be ensured.

This object is achieved by a slide closure according to claim 1.

• ein Verschlussgehäuse, das an einem metallurgischen Behälter befestigbar ist,
• eine Kopfplatte, die in dem Verschlussgehäuse aufgenommen ist und eine Durchtrittsöffnung für eine metallische Schmelze aufweist,
• einen Schieberrahmen, der in dem Verschlussgehäuse in einer Verschieberichtung relativ zur Kopfplatte verschieblich gelagert ist, und
• eine Schieberplatte, die in dem Schieberrahmen aufgenommen ist und eine Durchtrittsöffnung aufweist,

dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen dem Verschlussgehäuse und dem Schieberrahmen eine Ausgleichsvorrichtung zum Ausgleich des Anpressdrucks der Schieberplatte an die Kopfplatte angeordnet ist, wobei die Ausgleichsvorrichtung umfasst:

• mindestens einen Trägerkörper, der um mindestens eine Drehachse drehbar im Verschlussgehäuse gelagert ist und
• mindestens ein Federelement, über das der Trägerkörper mit dem Schieberrahmen gekoppelt ist.

In particular, the object is achieved by a slide closure for a metallurgical container, in particular a ladle

• a closure housing attachable to a metallurgical container,
• a top plate accommodated in the closure housing and having a passage for a metallic melt,
• a slider frame which is slidably supported in the shutter housing in a shift direction relative to the head plate, and
• a slide plate which is received in the slide frame and has a passage opening,

characterized in that between the closure housing and the slider frame, a compensation device for compensating the contact pressure of the slide plate is arranged on the top plate, wherein the compensation device comprises:

• at least one carrier body, which is mounted rotatably about at least one axis of rotation in the closure housing and
• at least one spring element, via which the carrier body is coupled to the slider frame.

The closure housing can preferably be opened and closed, for example by a pivoting movement, and is preferably attachable to a metallurgical container, in particular on its underside. The slider frame is preferably guided in the closure housing along the intended displacement direction. In particular, the closure housing is constructed in several parts, wherein a first housing part, for example a Slider housing, opposite a second housing part, z. B. a mounting plate, movable, in particular pivotable, can be. Preferably, the top plate is arranged stationary relative to a metallurgical container, while the slide plate is displaceable relative to the top plate, in particular in the closed state of the slide closure. The top plate and the slide plate are respectively attached to the closure housing and the slide frame, respectively, and are mounted interchangeably in plate mounts. The direction of displacement of the slide frame preferably extends in a longitudinal direction of the slide closure, wherein the slide frame could also be displaceably mounted in more than one displacement direction, in particular parallel to a plane in which the top plate extends, for example by a combined transverse and rotational movement. In particular, the slider frame is supported sufficiently movable in a direction toward the metallurgical vessel to permit movement of the slide plate and the head plate towards each other for the purpose of pressing. The slide closure can be designed as a two-plate slide with a top plate and a slide plate or as a three-plate slide with an additional spout plate, which can be arranged, for example, below the slide plate, preferably stationary. The slider frame is preferably displaced by a pusher such as a hydraulic cylinder to actuate the slider shutter.

According to the invention, a compensating device may be arranged on a side of the slider frame facing and / or facing away from the metallic container, i. on both sides or only on one side, in particular above and / or below the slide frame, preferably within the closure housing. However, according to the invention, the compensation device can also be arranged between the closure housing and the slider frame in that parts of the compensation device are arranged outside the closure housing or run, e.g. Support arms. For example, portions of the support bodies, e.g. Anpressleisten or carrier webs, extend into a region outside the closure housing or protrude beyond the closure housing.

In one embodiment, the slider closure according to the invention is designed as a three-plate slide, wherein a spout plate between the compensating device and the slider frame is arranged.

The compensation of the contact pressure can be effected by a one-sided pressing of the slide plate to the top plate. In the case of a three-plate slide, the spout plate is pressed against the slide plate, which in turn is supported against the top plate. In particular, the plates can be pressed against each other or attracted to each other, in particular by compression springs or tension springs. Preferably, the gate plate is pressed or pulled against the top plate, preferably toward a metallurgical vessel, i. especially pressed from below or pulled from above. A balancing of the contact pressure can according to the invention be understood to mean the production of a uniformly distributed contact pressure or a contact pressure along a contact surface between the slide plate and the top plate. In this respect, the compensation device has the function to compensate for an uneven distribution of the contact pressure between different areas of the contact surface between the slide plate and the top plate. The compensating device may be designed to bring about a compensation of the contact pressure between different sides, for example longitudinal and / or transverse sides, of the top plate and / or the slide plate. One or more carrier bodies can be rotatably mounted about a plurality of axes of rotation, for example by a gimbal bearing, wherein in particular a plurality of carrier bodies have at least one common axis of rotation. In one possible embodiment, the carrier bodies are rotatably mounted in the closure housing about two, preferably common, axes of rotation which extend at right angles to each other, in particular by means of a cardanic mounting.

Under a spring element can be understood according to the invention an elastic element that can apply a contact pressure for pressing the slide plate to the top plate. The carrier body may be coupled to the slider frame directly or indirectly via a spring element. A coupling may be understood as a mechanical coupling by the action of spring forces, wherein the carrier body and the slider frame need not be connected to one another, but in particular rest only on one spring element or one another. In an immediate coupling at least one spring element between the carrier body and the slider frame is arranged, in particular, a contact pressure of the carrier body on the slider frame by the spring element is transferable. In an indirect coupling, the compensation device comprises at least one Spring element, wherein a contact pressure of the carrier body to the slider frame is transferable, ie in particular without a between a support body and the slider frame intermediate spring element, wherein the transmitted contact force is influenced or determined by the spring elements. Preferably, at least two support bodies are coupled to one another via at least one spring element, which in particular is interposed between the support bodies, a contact pressure force being transferable from the support body to the slide frame. The contact force is transmitted in particular by the slider frame on the slide plate. Preferably, the compensation device is constructed symmetrically to at least one axis of rotation, in particular to a rotation axis parallel to the direction of displacement of the slider frame. In particular, the rotational position of a carrier body of the compensating device is due to a moment equilibrium about an axis of rotation such that the distribution of the force applied by the spring element contact pressure or the contact pressure between the slide plate and the top plate is at least partially compensated locally.

An inventive slide closure with a compensation device has the advantage that the contact pressure of the slide plate is compensated to the top plate between different areas of the contact surface of the two plates, in particular between a first and second side of the slide or top plate. As a result, the tightness of the slide valve closure is increased and a uniform wear of the plates is achieved. Manufacturing tolerances of the plates or inaccuracies in the installation of the plates can be compensated. Even in the case of failure or damage of a spring element of the slide closure, the contact pressure remains as even as possible. Overall, the slider closure according to the invention can be operated more reliably and safely.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the closure housing comprises a mounting plate for fastening the slide closure to a metallurgical container and a slide housing for guiding the slide frame, wherein the slide housing with the mounting plate, in particular pivotally connected, and the compensation device between the slide housing and the slide frame is arranged , In particular, the slider housing and the mounting plate are formed as a first and second housing part of the closure housing, the opening or closing of the slide closure in particular about a pivot axis are mutually pivotable. The compensation device can in particular be arranged between the mounting plate and the slider frame or between the slider housing and the slider frame, in particular above or below the slider frame. In particular, the spring elements can act as tension springs or compression springs. Preferably, the compensation device is disposed within the valve body, in particular on a side facing away from a metallurgical container side of the slide frame.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the slider frame rests on the carrier body, preferably slidably. Alternatively, the slide frame can also rest on the carrier body in a rolling manner. In particular, the slider frame is guided by the slider housing in the direction of displacement, wherein the slider frame is fixed in a transverse direction to the direction of displacement and movable in the direction of displacement by the sliding device. For example, a sliding and / or roller guide is provided for the slide frame. The underside of the slider frame, or at least one slider attached thereto, may have a slip coating. Under a touch can be understood according to the invention, a contact between a bottom of the slider frame and an upper side of the carrier body due to the pressure exerted by the carrier body on the slider frame, or vice versa. In particular, the at least one support body is displaceable in a direction perpendicular to a rotation axis of the support body relative to the slide frame, in particular along its underside, in particular by sliding or rolling, e.g. through intermediate roles. In this way, a rotation of the carrier body about its axis of rotation is permitted relative to the slider frame, while a contact for transmitting a contact force from the carrier body is maintained on the slider frame. A construction with an overlying slide frame is simple and reliable, since it can be dispensed with moving parts.

In an advantageous development of the invention, an axis of rotation of the carrier body runs parallel to the displacement direction of the slider frame. As a result, a compensation of the contact pressure between two sides of the head or slide plate transversely to the direction of the slide frame is possible. Alternatively or additionally, the carrier body can be at least one further Rotary axis, for example, perpendicular to the direction of displacement, be rotatably mounted to allow a compensation of the contact pressure between two sides of the head or slide plate along the direction of displacement of the slide frame. For example, a gimbal bearing of the carrier body may be provided about two axes of rotation. Preferably, the support body is rotatably mounted about exactly one axis of rotation in the closure housing, which preferably runs parallel to the direction of displacement of the slide frame, in particular in the longitudinal direction of the slide closure.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the carrier body has a pressure bar, which is articulated on or in the carrier body, wherein the carrier body in particular bearing surfaces for the pressure bar, which are preferably rounded or spherically formed. Such bearing surfaces are formed in particular at the ends of support arms of the carrier body. The pressure bar is preferably mounted about its longitudinal axis, which extends in particular parallel to the axis of rotation of the carrier body, rotatably or pivotally mounted on the carrier body or rests on this. In particular, the pressure bar rolls or rolls upon rotation of the carrier body on the support surface. In particular, the pressure bar is suspended between two support arms of the carrier body. The pressure bar is defined in particular by a cross-sectional recess in the direction of its longitudinal axis in the carrier body, in particular between two support arms. By a pressure bar ensures that the slide frame defined at a rotation of the support body, preferably flat, on the pressure bar, in particular the top rests, while the resulting relative movement between the support body and the slide frame is compensated by the articulated mounting of the pressure bar on the support body , As a result, a sliding surface of a bearing surface, or a rolling surface, to decouple the relative movement between the carrier body and slide frame functionally decoupled from each other. In this way, the contact pressure can be transmitted from the carrier body to the slider frame, while maintaining defined sliding properties between the slider frame and the carrier body.

In an advantageous development of the invention, a sliding strip for supporting the slide frame is received in the pressure bar, in particular a form-fitting manner, which preferably has a sliding coating. The sliding strip is in particular in a, preferably undercut, for example, dovetailed, rail inserted or inserted in the pressure bar, wherein the slide bar is preferably axially secured by attached to the Anpressleiste flat pieces. The slide bar is in particular shorter and / or narrower than the pressure bar. It preferably has on its upper side on a sliding coating, which reduces the friction between an underside of the slide frame and the carrier body, ie the slide bar, during displacement of the slide frame and / or upon rotation of the carrier body.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the carrier body comprises two carrier arms and a carrier web, which connects the carrier arms with each other, wherein the carrier web preferably has lateral pins and in particular is suspended between the carrier arms. The pins protrude in particular over the end of the support web. Similar to the pressure strip, the carrier web can be fixed by a cross-sectional recess in the longitudinal direction in the carrier body. A carrier body with two carrier arms, a carrier web and a pressure bar forms in particular a, preferably closed, carrier frame.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the compensation device comprises at least one pair of support bodies rotatably mounted in the closure housing, wherein in particular a first side of the slide frame rests on a first carrier body and a second side of the slider frame on a second carrier body. Several pairs of carrier bodies can be arranged, for example, along a common axis of rotation, in particular along the direction of displacement of the slider frame. As a result, the effect of the compensating device for different sections of the slide frame or the slide and / or top plate could be improved. In particular, a pair of support bodies rotatably mounted in the closure housing forms a double rocker, the support bodies of which are in particular arranged so as to be crosswise rotatable relative to one another. Preferably, the two support bodies of a pair are coupled together, whereby a transmission of a contact pressure from one side to a second side of the slider frame is made possible.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the carrier bodies, in particular a first and a second carrier body, are coupled to one another via spring elements. The spring elements include, for example, coil springs, disc springs or thermodynamic spring elements. Furthermore, the spring elements may comprise combinations of mechanical and thermodynamic springs. Preferably, the spring elements are biased in the installed state. Thermodynamic springs can exhibit an increase in spring stiffness with increasing temperatures. In particular, at least one spring element is interposed or interposed between the first and the second carrier body. By a paired arrangement of carrier bodies in particular a mutual coupling of the carrier body via spring elements is structurally easily accessible. As a result, a self-contained compensating device is provided which can be installed and removed including the spring elements in the closure housing.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the spring elements are supported respectively in the carrier web of the first and second carrier body and the second or first carrier body associated pressing bar, in particular in spring recesses formed in the carrier web. As a result, a spring force can be transmitted from the carrier web of the first carrier body to the pressure bar of the second carrier body and further onto a second side of the slider frame. Conversely, a spring force can be transmitted from the carrier web of the second carrier body to the pressure bar of the first carrier body and further to a first side of the slider frame. The carrier bodies act in each case like a rocker to compensate for the contact forces between both sides of the slider frame. Spring elements could alternatively or additionally also be supported in the carrier arms of the two carrier bodies.

In an advantageous development of the invention, a first carrier body and a second carrier body are mounted about a common axis of rotation in the slider housing. Preferably, two separate axes, for example axle bolts, are provided which are each connected in particular to a support arm and are rotatably mounted in a bearing block, which is fixedly connected to the closure housing.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the axis of rotation of the carrier body runs parallel to a central axis of the top plate. This allows the contact forces between two sides of the slide plate as accurately as possible, ideally perfectly balanced.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the carrier web is mounted in the carrier body, in particular between two carrier arms, rotatable and / or tiltable, in particular by lateral pins with at least partially rounded and / or beveled profiles. The pins protrude in particular over the end of the support web. Preferably, the support arms on the shape of the pin adapted recesses into which the pins of the support web are inserted. The carrier web is in particular rotatable about a longitudinal axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the carrier body and / or tiltable about a transverse axis. If the carrier body is designed such that a rotation of the carrier web is permitted, it can be ensured that the spring elements mounted in the carrier web are loaded only axially. If the carrier body is designed such that a tilting of the carrier web, whereby a tilting of the contact strip can be provided, is allowed, the carrier arms of a carrier body, at least over a certain angular range, can rotate independently of each other. As a result, a better compensation of the contact pressure in the direction of the axis of rotation of the carrier body, ie in particular in the longitudinal direction of the slide closure, is possible. In particular, it may happen that the top plate is inserted obliquely in the longitudinal direction of the slide closure. By tilting tensions within the support body of the balancing device can be avoided.

In an advantageous development of the invention, the first carrier body, in particular the first carrier arms, are arranged on the outside in the direction of the axis of rotation with respect to the top plate and the second carrier body, in particular the second carrier arms. In particular, the first and the second carrier body are interleaved or interleaved. A compensating device with such a design is particularly space-saving, in particular narrow. In such a design, a compensation device can be particularly space-saving, in particular narrow, running.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the same number and / or the same type of spring elements is arranged on both sides of the compensating device, in particular in two carrier webs. As a result, the compensation device is loaded symmetrically. Preferably, four spring elements of the same type, preferably thermodynamic spring elements, are provided on both sides. Preferably, the spring elements used have the same spring stiffness. But it is also possible to combine different spring elements together, for example, to achieve a desired Gesamtfederkennlinie, or to use a different number of spring elements on each side. In particular, the spring elements are connected in parallel to each other. In particular, the compensating device according to the invention even in case of failure of one or more spring elements still ensures a balance of the contact pressure between two sides of the head or slide plate.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention is a sliding device, in particular an intermediate piece or a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder, rotatably connectable for moving the slider frame in the direction of displacement with the slider frame. As a result, even in an operating state in which the slider frame is connected to the slider device, the slider frame can rotate, in particular following the rotation of the compensating device, in order to allow a uniform pressing of the slider plate against the head plate. In addition, a (minor) displaceability of the slide frame to the metallurgical container or to the top plate may be allowed.

Figur 1

eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schieberverschlusses in einer perspektivischen Ansicht, wobei der Schieberverschluss geöffnet ist;

Figur 2

eine schematische Darstellung der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1 in einer Vorderansicht, wobei der Schieberverschluss geschlossen ist;

Figur 3

eine schematische Darstellung der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1 in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht entlang der Linie A-A in Figur 2;

Figur 4

eine schematische Darstellung der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1 in einer geschnittenen Draufsicht entlang der Linie B-B in Figur 2;

Figur 5

eine schematische Darstellung der Ausführungsform nach Figur 1 in einer geschnittenen Draufsicht entlang der Linie C-C in Figur 2;

Figur 6

eine schematische Darstellung einer weiteren Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schieberverschlusses in einer geschnittenen Draufsicht, die der Ansicht in Figur 4 entspricht;

Figur 7

eine schematische Darstellung der Ausführungsform nach Figur 6 in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht;

Figur 8

eine schematische Teildarstellung einer Ausführungsform einer Ausgleichsvorrichtung eines erfindungsgemäßen Schieberverschlusses in einer perspektivischen Ansicht;

Figur 9

eine schematische Darstellung der Ausgleichsvorrichtung nach Figur 8 in einer Rückansicht;

Figur 10

eine schematische Darstellung der Ausgleichsvorrichtung nach Figur 8 in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht;

Figur 11

eine schematische Darstellung der Ausgleichsvorrichtung nach Figur 8 in einer Draufsicht;

Figur 12

eine Prinzipskizze der mechanischen Funktionsweise einer Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Schieberverschlusses.

Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawings. Hereby show:

FIG. 1

a schematic representation of an embodiment of a slide valve closure according to the invention in a perspective view, wherein the slide closure is open;

FIG. 2

a schematic representation of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in a front view, wherein the slide closure is closed;

FIG. 3

a schematic representation of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in a sectional side view along the line AA in FIG. 2 ;

FIG. 4

a schematic representation of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in a sectional plan view along the line BB in FIG. 2 ;

FIG. 5

a schematic representation of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 in a sectional plan view along the line CC in FIG. 2 ;

FIG. 6

a schematic representation of another embodiment of a slider closure according to the invention in a sectional plan view, the view in FIG. 4 corresponds;

FIG. 7

a schematic representation of the embodiment according to FIG. 6 in a sectional side view;

FIG. 8

a schematic partial view of an embodiment of a compensating device of a slide valve closure according to the invention in a perspective view;

FIG. 9

a schematic representation of the compensation device according to FIG. 8 in a rear view;

FIG. 10

a schematic representation of the compensation device according to FIG. 8 in a sectional side view;

FIG. 11

a schematic representation of the compensation device according to FIG. 8 in a plan view;

FIG. 12

a schematic diagram of the mechanical operation of an embodiment of a slider closure according to the invention.

In the following description of the invention, the same reference numerals are used for the same and like elements.

The FIGS. 1 to 5 show an embodiment of a slider closure according to the invention, wherein the slide closure 1 in the FIG. 1 opened and in the FIGS. 2 to 5 is shown in the closed state.

The gate valve 1 is connectable to a metallurgical vessel (not shown) and fixedly mounted to the vessel, typically at the bottom or at the side thereof, e.g. as a converter slider. Such a container is capable of producing a metallic melt, i. a molten metal alloy such as e.g. liquid steel, ready for a casting process. The slide closure 1 serves to close or open an opening of the metallurgical container in order to allow liquid metal or a metal alloy to flow out of the container in a controlled manner. About a locking mechanism 23, the slide closure 1 can be locked for the operating condition.

Hereinafter, the terms "bottom" and "top" refer to an orientation of the assembled gate valve 1 in the use state in which the gate valve 1 extends, for example, in the horizontal direction, so that the gravity in the vertical direction away from the metallurgical vessel from top to bottom acts. In this respect, the mounting plate 11 above and the slider housing 10 are arranged below. However, the orientation of the slider closure 1 in the use state is not limited to a horizontal orientation and in particular can also be vertical.

The slide closure 1 has a closure housing 60 which here comprises two housing parts, which are pivotable relative to one another about the pivot axis X, in the form of a mounting plate 11 and the slide housing 10. The mounting plate 11 is used for fixed connection of the slide closure 1 with the container and forms in the assembled state, an upper ceiling of the closure housing 60. To seal a seal 26, for example, designed as a sealing cord in a circumferential sealing groove provided. The slide closure 1 has a head plate 12 with a central axis M, which is received in the mounting plate 11 and fixedly connected thereto. The mounting plate 11 has a seated in an opening wear ring 27 and the top plate 12 has a passage opening 13 so that liquid metal can flow out of a drain opening of the container.

In the slider housing 10 is a slider frame 14 in a direction of displacement V (see double arrow in FIG. 3 ) arranged displaceably relative to the slide housing 10. The slide frame 14 is essentially parallel to the mounting plate 11. The slider frame 14 can be connected to a sliding device 24 (not shown) via the lantern 22 and an intermediate piece 21, for example to a hydraulic cylinder or sliding hydraulic cylinder with a piston rod for, preferably rotatable, Connection with the slider frame 14.

The slider frame 14 includes a slide plate 15 and a spout 16 which is received via an exchange ring 25 in the slider frame 14. The spout 16 extends away from the metallurgical container or from the mounting plate 11 down. The spout 16 and the slide plate 15 may be formed integrally or as separate parts and form a passage opening 17. The slide plate 15 is received in the slide frame 14 or fixedly but detachably connected thereto.

The pusher 24 pushes the slider frame 14 in the desired position to release the passage opening 13 through the slide plate 15 and to close. In the in FIG. 3 When the passage openings 13 and 17 are brought into conformity by a corresponding displacement of the slide frame 14 in an open position, liquid metal from the container, through the top plate 12, the slide plate 15th and the spout 16 flow. The slide plate 15 is displaced relative to the head plate 12, wherein both plates slide under a contact pressure or a contact pressure along a common contact surface 20 against each other. Ideally, the same contact pressure prevails over the entire contact surface 20.

When closing the slide closure 1, the Schierbergehäuse 10 is pivoted to the mounting plate 11 and then, for example, by a small hydraulic cylinder, pressed. As a result, the spring elements 50a, 50b (described below) are compressed (preloaded) to their working dimension and thus have the required contact pressure. Now the slider closure 1 is locked via the locking mechanism 23. The slide closure 1 is now in the operating state.

According to the invention, the slide closure 1 comprises a compensation device 30 for compensating the contact pressure of the slide plate 15 on the head plate 12 along the contact surface 20. The contact pressure can in the transverse direction, for example between the two sides of the slide frame 141 and 142 or the two sides of the slide plate 151 and 152 , and / or in the longitudinal direction of the slide closure 1 and the slide frame 14 are compensated. The balancing device 30 causes the contact pressure in different areas of the contact surface 20 equalizes, ideally compensates. As a result, the top plate 12 and the slide plate 15 are loaded as evenly as possible. As a result, the tightness of the slider closure 1 is increased and reduces the wear of the two plates.

The balancing device 30 in the FIGS. 1 to 5 shown embodiment is in the FIGS. 8 to 11 shown separately. The in the FIGS. 6 and 7 shown further embodiment deviates from this embodiment in some aspects described below, but otherwise agrees with it. A schematic diagram of the mechanical operation of an embodiment of a slider closure 1 according to the invention with a compensation device 30 is shown in FIG FIG. 12 shown.

In the illustrated embodiments, the compensating device 30 comprises a pair of support bodies 31a, 31b, each having two laterally arranged support arms 32a, 32b, a carrier web 33a, 33b connecting the support arms 32a, 32b, and a contact strip 34a placed on support surfaces 45 of the support arms 32a, 32b 34b with a slide strip 35a, 35b guided therein. The carrier bodies 31a, 31b each form one, in particular articulated, carrier frame, but could also be designed in one piece in each case. The carrier bodies 31a, 31b are made of one or more metallic material (s). The carrier bodies 31a, 31b carry the slider frame 14 insofar as the slider frame 14 is supported against the carrier bodies 31a, 31b. or rests on it. The first carrier body 31a and the second carrier body 31b are each mounted independently of each other, but about a common axis of rotation D, rotatable in the closure housing 60, here in the slider housing 10, via bearings 40 in bearing blocks 41 fixedly connected to the closure housing 60. The axis of rotation D extends here along the direction of displacement V of the slide frame 14, that is in the present case in the longitudinal direction of the slide closure 1. However, it is possible to provide further axes of rotation, in particular perpendicular to the displacement direction V, for example by a gimbal bearing, the slider frame 14 in the closure housing 60. In addition, a plurality of compensation device 30, in particular arranged side by side, may be provided. The two carrier bodies 31a, 31b are arranged interlaced with each other, wherein the first carrier body 31a is arranged on the inside and the second carrier body 31b on the outside. The support arms 32a, 32b may be straight, curved or angled. The first carrier body 31a and the second carrier body 31b each have the function of a rocker in that they rotate due to the forces acting on both sides of the support arms 32a and 32b in an equilibrium state about the axis of rotation D. The carrier bodies 31a, 31b thus adjust so that the compensating device 30 is fully balanced under the action of the contact pressure force on the slider frame 14.

The two carrier bodies 31a, 31b are coupled to one another via spring elements 50a, 50b and together form a double rocker. In a plan view (see FIG. 11 ), the support arms 32a, 32b are arranged crossing each other or crossed. The carrier bodies 31a, 31b are indirectly coupled to the slider frame 14 via the spring elements 50a, 50b, since a force transmission from a carrier body 31a or 31b to the slider frame 14 is influenced or determined by the spring elements 50a, 50b. The spring elements 50a, 50b are supported in each case with one (lower) end in the carrier web 33a, 33b and with the other (upper) end in the contact strip 34b, 34a of the respective other carrier body 31b or 31a. In this way, forces acting on one of the two sliding strips 35a or 35b are introduced via the contact strip 34a or 34b into the support arms 32a and 32b, respectively, and via the support web 31a or 33b with corresponding deformation of the spring elements 50a or 50b to the respective other Carrier body 31b and 31a transmitted. As a result, the carrier bodies 31a, 31b respectively rotate in such a way that the forces acting on the slide bar 35a, 35b are adjusted, ideally completely balanced. In an axisymmetric structure of the compensation device 30 about the axis of rotation D, in particular for centrally mounted support arms 32a, 32b, ie the same length lever arms and the axis of rotation D, the forces are exactly equal.

Embodiments are also conceivable in which only a single rotatably mounted carrier body is provided, which is provided on both sides by a respective spring element, which can act as a compression or tension spring, is directly coupled to the slider frame 14.

The compensation of the contact pressure is achieved according to the invention in that the spring elements 50a, 50b acted on by a contact force on a first side 141 of the slider frame 14 do not engage in the closure housing 60, as is conventional in the prior art. on the mounting plate 11 or the slider housing 10, but in a support body 31a, 31b, which is rotatably mounted in the closure housing 60, and in turn itself against slide frame 14 on a second (opposite) side 142 is supported. The spring force is thus also used on the opposite side as a contact pressure on the slide plate 15 and top plate 12. If a spring element 50a, 50b now fails on one side or provides a reduced spring force, the contact pressure on this side of the compensation device 30 drops correspondingly. Since the same force is transmitted to the opposite side via the carrier body 31a, 31b, here too, the contact pressure is correspondingly reduced. Thus, the desired effect is achieved that acts on both sides 141, 142 slide frame 14 and on both sides 151, 152 slide plate 15 each have the same contact pressure and the same contact pressure.

The carrier webs 33a, 33b are designed here as strips for spring receiving. In the embodiment shown, four circular cylindrical spring elements 50a and 50b in the carrier web 33a, 33b suitably formed circular cylindrical spring recesses 38a, 38b used in both support bodies 31a, in which on the underside of the Anpressleiste in 34b, 34a suitably formed circular cylindrical spring recesses 39b, 39a. However, it is possible to use both a different number for each carrier body 31a or 31b and different types of spring elements 50a, 50b for the two or a carrier body 31a, 31b. For example, four spring elements 50a could be provided for a first carrier body 31a and two spring elements 50b for a second carrier body 31b. In the described embodiment with four spring elements 50a and 50b on each side of these four spring elements 50a, 50b act on each side directly on the slider frame 14 and further on the slide plate 15 and by the transmission of the supporting force on the support body 31a, 31b also on the each opposite side. For example, for reasons of cost, the number of spring elements 50a, 50b can be reduced. By a higher number of spring elements 50a, 50b, the load can be reduced and the durability can be extended. Spring elements 50a, 50b with different spring hardnesses can be used or combined with one another. Here, the spring elements 50a, 50b are thermodynamic springs. It is also possible to use mechanical springs, such as coil springs or disc springs, as spring elements 50a, 50b.

The contact strips 34a, 34b rest on support surfaces 45 of the support arms 32a, 32b. By a Querschnittrücksprung form the Anpressleiten 34A, 34b to their ends on both sides support surfaces 42, via which the Anpressleisten 34a, 34b axially against the inner sides of the support arms 31a, 31b are supported. The support surfaces 45 are rounded, so that the contact strips 34a, 34b can roll on a rotation of the support arms 32a, 32b. Such an articulated mounting ensures that the slide frame 14 rests flat on the compensating device 30, here on the slide strips 35a, 35b, in order to ensure good sliding properties.

The pressure strips 34a, 34b each form a rail 47, e.g. with a rectangular or dovetail-shaped profile, from, into which a slide strip 35a and 35b is inserted. Sliding strip 35a, 35b may have a sliding coating on its upper side. The slide strip 35a, 35b is axially secured by flat pieces 36a, 36b secured in the rail 47. On the underside of the slider frame 14 sliding elements 19 are attached. The slider frame 14 rests on the slide strips 35a, 35b. The slider frame 14 is displaceable in the direction of displacement V with respect to the compensating device 30. In the present embodiment, the slider frame 14 is made slidable. It could also be, e.g. via intermediate rollers on the underside of the slider frame or on the upper side of the Anpressleiten 34a, 34b, rolling on the balancing device 30 be stored. The slide strips 35a, 35b can slide along the underside of the slider frame 14 perpendicular to the axis of rotation D, ie in the transverse direction of the compensating device 30 or of the slider closure 1, e.g. upon a rotation of a carrier body 31a, 31b.

In the in FIG. 10 In the illustrated embodiment, the support webs 33a, 33b are rotatable but not tiltable via cylindrical bolts 46, connected to the support arms 32a, 32b.

In the in FIG. 7 In the illustrated embodiment, the carrier webs 33a, 33b are suspended in the support arms 32a, 32b via lateral pins 44 in recesses 43 which are designed to be suitable for this purpose. The pins 44 preferably have a partially rounded profile, eg a semicircular profile, optionally with bevelled sections. As a result, the carrier web 33a, 33b is both rotatable and tiltable connected to the support arms 32a, 32b and stored in this. The support arms 32a, 32b have on their inner side a chamfer 48 so as not to hinder a tilting of the carrier web 33a, 33b.

An inventive slide closure 1 is reliable and can be operated safely. It is achieved as uniform as possible contact pressure between the slide plate 15 and the top plate 12, in particular even in the event of failure of individual spring elements 50a, 50b.

It should be noted at this point that all aspects of the invention described above taken alone and in any combination, in particular the details shown in the drawings, as essential for the invention claimed. Variations thereof are familiar to the person skilled in the art.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

slide closure

10

slide housing

11

mounting plate

12

headstock

13

Through opening

14

slide frame

15

slide plate

16

spout

17

Through opening

19

Slide

20

pressing surface

21

connecting piece

22

Lantern

23

locking mechanism

24

Pusher

25

Wechselring

26

poetry

27

wear ring

30

balancer

31a, 31b

support body

32a, 32b

support arm

33a, 33b

beam web

34a, 34b

pressure bar

35a, 35b

Slide Strip

36a, 36b

sheet

38a, 38b

spring recess

39a, 39b

spring recess

40

axis

41

bearing block

42

axial support surface

43

recess

44

spigot

45

bearing surface

46

bolt

47

rail

48

chamfer

50a, 50b

spring element

60

shutter housing

151

first side of the slide plate

152

second side of the slide plate

141

first side of the slider frame

142

second side of the slider frame

X

swivel axis

V

displacement direction

D

axis of rotation

M

central axis

Claims (18)

Slider closure (1) for a metallurgical container, in particular a ladle, comprising a closure housing (60) attachable to a metallurgical container, a top plate (12) received in the closure housing (60) and having a metallic melt passage (13), - A slide frame (14) which is slidably mounted in the closure housing (60) in a direction of displacement (V) relative to the head plate (12), and a slide plate (15) which is received in the slide frame (14) and has a passage opening (17), characterized in that
between the closure housing (60) and the slider frame (14) a compensation device (30) for balancing the contact pressure of the slide plate (15) is arranged on the top plate (12),
wherein the balancing device (30) comprises: - At least one support body (31 a, 31 b) which is rotatably mounted in the closure housing (60) about at least one axis of rotation (D) and - At least one spring element (50 a, 50 b), via which the carrier body (31 a, 31 b) is coupled to the slide frame (14). Sliding gate valve (1) according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the closure housing (60) comprises a mounting plate (11) for fastening the slide closure (1) to a metallurgical container and a slide housing (10) for guiding the slide frame (14),
wherein the slide housing (10) with the mounting plate (11), in particular pivotally connected, and the balancing device (30) between the slide housing (10) and the slide frame (14) is arranged. Sliding gate valve (1) according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the slide frame (14) rests on the carrier body (31a, 31b), preferably slidably, whereby the slide frame (14) is guided in particular by the slide housing (10) in the displacement direction (V). Sliding gate valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
a rotation axis (D) of the carrier body (31a, 31b) runs parallel to the displacement direction (V) of the slider frame (14). Sliding gate valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the carrier body (31a, 31b) has a pressure strip (34a, 34b) which is articulated on or in the carrier body (31a, 31b), the carrier body (31a, 31b) in particular bearing surfaces (45) for the pressure bar (34a, 34b), which are preferably rounded or spherical. Sliding gate valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
in the pressure bar (34a, 34b), in particular a form-fitting, a slide strip (35a, 35b) is received for supporting the slide frame (14), which preferably has a sliding coating. Sliding gate valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the carrier body (31a, 31b) comprises two carrier arms (32a, 32b) and a carrier web (33a, 33b) connecting the carrier arms (32a, 32b), the carrier web (33a, 33b) preferably having lateral pins (44) and in particular between the support arms (32a, 32b) is mounted. Sliding gate valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the compensating device (30) comprises at least one pair of carrier bodies (31a, 31b) rotatably mounted in the closure housing (60),
wherein in particular a first side (141) of the slider frame (14) rests on a first carrier body (31a) and a second side (142) of the slider frame (14) rests on a second carrier body (31b). Sliding gate valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the carrier bodies (31a, 31b), in particular a first and a second carrier body (31a or 31b), are coupled to one another via spring elements (50a, 50b) which comprise, for example, helical springs, disc springs or thermodynamic spring elements. Sliding gate valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the spring elements (50a, 50b) are respectively supported in the carrier web (33a, 33b) of the first or second carrier body (31a, 31b) and the pressure bar (34b, 34a) associated with the second or first carrier body (31b, 31a), in particular in spring recesses (38a, 38b) which are formed in the carrier web (33a, 33b). Sliding gate valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
a first carrier body (31a) and a second carrier body (31b) are mounted about a common axis of rotation (D) in the slider housing (10). Sliding gate valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the axis of rotation (D) of the carrier body (31a, 31b) runs parallel to a central axis (M) of the top plate (12). Sliding gate valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the carrier web (33a, 33b) in the carrier body (31a, 31b), in particular between two support arms (32a, 32b), is rotatable and / or tiltable, in particular by lateral pins (44) with at least partially rounded and / or beveled profiles. Sliding gate valve according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the first carrier body (31a), in particular the first carrier arms (32a), are arranged outside in the direction of the axis of rotation (D) with respect to the top plate (12) inside and the second carrier body (31b), in particular the second carrier arms (32b). Sliding gate valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
on both sides of the compensating device (30), in particular in both carrier webs (33a, 33b), the same number and / or the same type of spring elements (50a, 50b) is arranged. Sliding gate valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
a sliding device (24), in particular an intermediate piece (21) or a piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder, for displacing the slider frame (14) in the direction of displacement (V) is rotatably connectable to the slider frame (14). Sliding gate valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the carrier bodies (31a, 31b) are rotatably mounted in the closure housing (60) about two, preferably common, axes of rotation (D) running at right angles to each other, in particular by a gimbal bearing. Sliding gate valve (1) according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the slide closure (1) is designed as a three-plate slide, wherein a spout plate between the compensating device (30) and the slide frame (14) is arranged.

Images