EP3453035B1 - Arrangement for non-reversible detection and display of electrical overcurrents or current limit values by means of a pre-finished conductor - Google Patents

Arrangement for non-reversible detection and display of electrical overcurrents or current limit values by means of a pre-finished conductor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3453035B1
EP3453035B1 EP18732774.7A EP18732774A EP3453035B1 EP 3453035 B1 EP3453035 B1 EP 3453035B1 EP 18732774 A EP18732774 A EP 18732774A EP 3453035 B1 EP3453035 B1 EP 3453035B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
conductor
arrangement according
sleeve
blocking element
parallel
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EP18732774.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3453035A1 (en
Inventor
Edmund ZÄUNER
Sascha Ludewig
Georg Wittmann
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Dehn SE and Co KG
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Dehn and Soehne GmbH and Co KG
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Priority to PL18732774T priority Critical patent/PL3453035T3/en
Priority to SI201830067T priority patent/SI3453035T1/en
Publication of EP3453035A1 publication Critical patent/EP3453035A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H01C7/126—Means for protecting against excessive pressure or for disconnecting in case of failure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/13—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material current responsive
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/02—Details
    • H01H37/08—Indicators; Distinguishing marks
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/04—Means for indicating condition of the switching device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/24—Electromagnetic mechanisms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H73/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches in which excess current opens the contacts by automatic release of mechanical energy stored by previous operation of a hand reset mechanism
    • H01H73/02—Details
    • H01H73/12—Means for indicating condition of the switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/10—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material voltage responsive, i.e. varistors
    • H01C7/12—Overvoltage protection resistors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit

Definitions

  • the invention is based on an arrangement for the non-reversible detection and display of electrical overcurrents or current limit values by means of a pre-assembled conductor.
  • a surge arrester with at least one discharge element, for example designed as a varistor, is previously known.
  • the known surge arrester has a disconnection device in order to separate the one or more poles from the network.
  • the respective disconnection device comprises a soldering point, which is integrated into the electrical connection path within the arrester, a movable conductor section or a movable conductive bridge being connected to the discharge element on the one hand and the conductor section or the bridge, on the other hand, to an external electrical connection of the arrester via the soldering point.
  • At least one spring generating a prestressing force, the relevant force vector acting directly or indirectly on the conductor section or the bridge in the separating direction.
  • thermally releasable blocking element blocks the movable conductor section or the movable bridge with respect to the pretensioning force vector, so that the soldering point of the actual separating device is not exposed to any permanent load on the force side.
  • the thermally releasable blocking element blocks the movement path of a lever transmission as a bolt-like part.
  • the thermally releasable blocking element can consist of a low-melting solder as a preformed part.
  • the DE 10 2006 037 551 A1 further shows that the activation temperature of the blocking element can be lower than the melting temperature of the solder joint.
  • the blocking element function is thus canceled when the temperature rises into the critical region, so that the disconnection device can be triggered unhindered when the temperature rises further in the event of a fault.
  • a lever ratio is then used to ensure that when the activation temperature of the blocking element is reached, a lever part covers a first path in order to come into contact with the conductor section or the bridge, then this path can be used to provide a remote signaling contact or a visual display trigger which signals that a critical temperature increase has already taken place in order to indicate that the surge arrester is damaged beforehand. This means that the visual display is only activated thermally and is therefore only indirectly dependent on the actual current flow through the surge arrester.
  • An electrical circuit which has means for signaling the functional state of a protective device for protecting electrical systems against disturbance events.
  • the signaling means has a signaling element pretensioned by spring force, a locking means with a latching lug and a pulling element designed as an electromagnet.
  • the signaling element is limited in a first position in that the latching lug of the locking means is snapped into a corresponding opening in the signaling element.
  • the electromagnet is activated, the latch is disengaged from the opening, the signaling element is released and moved from the first to a second position by the force of the spring.
  • a safety wire is used in a normally closed housing, which melts under consideration of the integral SI 2 t / dT with a corresponding current load and thus opens the respective current path.
  • Fuses are due to their purpose and construction basically seen as irreversible current detectors.
  • Known load or wear indicators in the area of surge protection have the disadvantage in common that the indicator itself reacts very imprecisely, since only a dependency with regard to the thermal behavior of the surge arrester used, for example a varistor, is turned off. This thermal behavior is not only dependent on the current flow and the current load, but also on the ambient temperature, i.e. the operating conditions.
  • the conductor has at least two spaced-apart, parallel conductor sections, which are designed such that the two parallel conductor sections are flowed through in the same direction when a current flows.
  • At least one of the parallel conductor sections has a projection, a nose or the like formed locking element, which limits the displacement path of a mechanical display or switching element.
  • the latter is realized in that the electromagnetic force acting on the parallel, current-carrying conductors leads to the conductors attracting, that is to say moving towards one another. This movement changes the original position of the locking element, so that the locking function can be canceled.
  • the locking element can be designed as a simple stop.
  • the locking element is e.g. realizable by embossing or by stamping in the sense of deformation of a corresponding area of the parallel conductor sections.
  • the conductor is designed as a strip, flat or strip conductor which has a flat central section which merges into two parallel conductor strips.
  • Such a flat conductor can be produced very easily using classic stamping technology in a reproducible manner and at low cost.
  • the parallel conductor sections can be designed in relation to the remaining cross section of the conductor in such a way that a safety function in the sense of a fuse is additionally ensured, specifically when there is a further increase in the current flow in the corresponding conductor branch.
  • a displaceable sleeve is mounted on the conductor.
  • the displacement path of the sleeve is limited by the blocking element, and when a current flow limit value is reached, the blocking element releases the displacement path, specifically as a result of the electromagnetic force acting on the parallel conductor strips.
  • the sleeve can now be used directly as a status indicator, for example by recognizing the displacement of the sleeve or an associated color change via a viewing window.
  • the sleeve can also indirectly actuate a status display or an electrical switching device, for example a telecommunications device, via a lever mechanism.
  • an electrical switch of the known type can be triggered by means of the sleeve and possibly a lever mechanism.
  • a prestressing force is applied to the sleeve in the direction of the displacement path in order to provide the necessary energy for executing the movement or for actuating a lever mechanism.
  • the response sensitivity of the arrangement can be set by varying the cross-section and the spacing of the parallel conductor sections and a corresponding surge current limit value can be specified, at which the electromagnetic force on the conductor becomes so great that the deformation or release of the movement path of the display or switching element takes place can.
  • the conductor is designed as part of the internal electrical connection or wiring of the surge arrester or is correspondingly inserted into a surge arrester.
  • a so-called traffic light display can then be implemented.
  • the color green of a corresponding display device symbolizes that the surge arrester used is fully functional and has no previous damage.
  • the arrangement according to the invention for the non-reversible detection and display of electrical overcurrents or current limit values is based on a pre-assembled conductor which, for example, as a flat or strip conductor Fig. 1 can be produced by stamping.
  • the conductor 1 has two spaced, parallel conductor sections 2 in a central section; 3 on.
  • Fig. 1 have both conductor sections 2; 3 each have a nose 4; 5 on.
  • These noses 4; 5 act as a blocking element, for example to limit a displacement path of a mechanical display or switching element (see Fig. 2 ).
  • the locking element 5 is realized here as a stop in relation to a displaceable sleeve 6.
  • the sleeve 6 is prestressed with respect to a fixed point 8 by means of the spring element 7.
  • the sleeve 6 is connected to a status indicator 10 via a lever mechanism 9.
  • the nose 5 comes into a position such that the displacement path of the sleeve 6 is free.
  • FIGS. 3 to 5 show a surge arrester, designed as a plug-in part.
  • the relevant cover has been omitted from the illustration of the plug-in part 11.
  • the lever mechanism 9 and the sleeve 6, which is slidably mounted on the conductor 1, can also be seen.
  • Fig. 3 shows the status "green", which means that previous damage has not occurred.
  • Fig. 4 refers to the condition of a current-side pre-damage that has already occurred.
  • the lever mechanism 9 releases the slide 12, which is under spring force.
  • the slide 12 moves down.
  • the yellow indicator 13 is released in relation to the viewing window 14.
  • the slide 12 actuates a further slide 15, which is able to control a telecommunications signaling 16.
  • the thermal disconnect device which is designed in a known manner, has responded due to overloading of the actual surge arrester, the yellow indicator 13 is shown in the illustration Fig. 5 moved to the left and the display "red" can be seen in the viewing window 14.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung geht aus von einer Anordnung zur nicht-reversiblen Detektion und Anzeige von elektrischen Überströmen oder Stromgrenzwerten mittels eines vorkonfektionierten Leiters gemäß Patentanspruch 1.The invention is based on an arrangement for the non-reversible detection and display of electrical overcurrents or current limit values by means of a pre-assembled conductor.

Aus der DE 10 2006 037 551 A1 ist ein Überspannungsableiter mit mindestens einem Ableitelement, beispielsweise ausgebildet als Varistor, vorbekannt.From the DE 10 2006 037 551 A1 A surge arrester with at least one discharge element, for example designed as a varistor, is previously known.

Der vorbekannte Überspannungsableiter weist eine Abtrennvorrichtung auf, um das oder die Ableitelemente ein- oder allpolig vom Netz zu trennen.The known surge arrester has a disconnection device in order to separate the one or more poles from the network.

Die jeweilige Abtrennvorrichtung umfasst eine Lötstelle, welche in den elektrischen Anschlusspfad innerhalb des Ableiters eingebunden ist, wobei über die Lötstelle ein beweglicher Leiterabschnitt oder eine bewegliche leitende Brücke mit dem Ableitelement einerseits und der Leiterabschnitt oder die Brücke andererseits mit einem elektrischen Außenanschluss des Ableiters verbunden ist.The respective disconnection device comprises a soldering point, which is integrated into the electrical connection path within the arrester, a movable conductor section or a movable conductive bridge being connected to the discharge element on the one hand and the conductor section or the bridge, on the other hand, to an external electrical connection of the arrester via the soldering point.

Darüber hinaus ist mindestens eine, eine Vorspannkraft erzeugende Feder vorhanden, wobei der diesbezügliche Kraftvektor mittelbar oder unmittelbar auf den Leiterabschnitt oder die Brücke in Abtrennrichtung wirkt.In addition, there is at least one spring generating a prestressing force, the relevant force vector acting directly or indirectly on the conductor section or the bridge in the separating direction.

Der Kerngedanke der vorbekannten Lehre besteht darin, dass ein thermisch auslösbares Sperrelement den beweglichen Leiterabschnitt oder die bewegliche Brücke hinsichtlich des Vorspannkraftvektors blockiert, so dass die Lötstelle der eigentlichen Abtrennvorrichtung keiner permanenten kraftseitigen Belastung ausgesetzt ist.The main idea of the previously known teaching is that a thermally releasable blocking element blocks the movable conductor section or the movable bridge with respect to the pretensioning force vector, so that the soldering point of the actual separating device is not exposed to any permanent load on the force side.

Bei einer Ausführungsform blockiert das thermisch auslösbare Sperrelement als bolzenartiges Teil den Bewegungsweg einer Hebelübersetzung. Dabei kann das thermisch auslösbare Sperrelement als vorgeformtes Teil aus einem niedrigschmelzenden Lot bestehen.In one embodiment, the thermally releasable blocking element blocks the movement path of a lever transmission as a bolt-like part. The thermally releasable blocking element can consist of a low-melting solder as a preformed part.

Die DE 10 2006 037 551 A1 zeigt weiterhin auf, dass die Aktivierungstemperatur des Sperrelementes kleiner als die Schmelztemperatur der Lötstelle sein kann. Damit wird die Sperrelementfunktion beim Ansteigen der Temperatur hinein in den kritischen Bereich aufgehoben, so dass beim weiteren Ansteigen der Temperatur im Störungsfall die Abtrennvorrichtung ungehindert auslösbar ist. Wird dann mittels einer Hebelübersetzung dafür Sorge getragen, dass beim Erreichen der Aktivierungstemperatur des Sperrelementes ein Hebelteil einen ersten Weg zurücklegt, um in Anschlag mit dem Leiterabschnitt oder der Brücke zu gelangen, dann kann dieser zurückgelegte Weg genutzt werden, um einen Fernmeldekontakt oder eine optische Anzeige auszulösen, welcher bzw. welche signalisiert, dass bereits eine kritische Temperaturerhöhung stattgefunden hat, um insofern auf eine Vorschädigung des Überspannungsableiters hinzuweisen. Damit ist die optische Anzeige ausschließlich thermisch aktiviert und damit nur mittelbar vom tatsächlichen Stromfluss durch den Überspannungsableiter abhängig.The DE 10 2006 037 551 A1 further shows that the activation temperature of the blocking element can be lower than the melting temperature of the solder joint. The blocking element function is thus canceled when the temperature rises into the critical region, so that the disconnection device can be triggered unhindered when the temperature rises further in the event of a fault. If a lever ratio is then used to ensure that when the activation temperature of the blocking element is reached, a lever part covers a first path in order to come into contact with the conductor section or the bridge, then this path can be used to provide a remote signaling contact or a visual display trigger which signals that a critical temperature increase has already taken place in order to indicate that the surge arrester is damaged beforehand. This means that the visual display is only activated thermally and is therefore only indirectly dependent on the actual current flow through the surge arrester.

Aus WO2009/124820 ist eine elektrische Schaltung bekannt, aufweisend Mittel zur Signalisierung des Funktionszustandes einer Schutzvorrichtung zum Schutz elektrischer Systeme vor Störereignissen. Das Signalisierungsmittel weist ein mit Federkraft vorgespanntes Signalisierungselement, ein Arretiermittel mit einer Rastnase und ein als Elektromagnet ausgeführtes Zugelement auf. Das Signalisierungselement wird dadurch in einer ersten Position begrenzt, dass die Rastnase des Arretiermittels in einer korrespondierenden Öffnung des Signalisierungselementes eingerastet ist. Bei einer Aktivierung des Elektromagnets wird die Rastnase außer Eingriff mit der Öffnung gebracht, das Signalisierungselement freigegeben und durch die Kraftwirkung der Feder von der ersten in eine zweite Position bewegt.Out WO2009 / 124820 An electrical circuit is known which has means for signaling the functional state of a protective device for protecting electrical systems against disturbance events. The signaling means has a signaling element pretensioned by spring force, a locking means with a latching lug and a pulling element designed as an electromagnet. The signaling element is limited in a first position in that the latching lug of the locking means is snapped into a corresponding opening in the signaling element. When the electromagnet is activated, the latch is disengaged from the opening, the signaling element is released and moved from the first to a second position by the force of the spring.

Bekannt sind darüber hinaus Anordnungen zur nicht-reversiblen Detektion aber auch zur Anzeige von elektrischen Stromgrenzwerten auf der Basis von klassischen Schmelzsicherungen bzw. sogenannten Kennmeldersicherungen.In addition, arrangements are known for non-reversible detection but also for displaying electrical current limit values on the basis of classic fuses or so-called indicator fuses.

Bei derartigen bekannten Sicherungen, die je nach Einsatzfall eine unterschiedliche Trägheit im Ansprechverhalten besitzen, ist in einem üblicherweise geschlossenen Gehäuse ein Sicherungsdraht eingesetzt, welcher unter Berücksichtigung des Integrals SI2t/dT bei entsprechender Strombelastung schmilzt und somit den jeweiligen Strompfad auftrennt.In such known fuses, which have a different inertia in their response behavior depending on the application, a safety wire is used in a normally closed housing, which melts under consideration of the integral SI 2 t / dT with a corresponding current load and thus opens the respective current path.

Eine derartige Auftrennung des Strompfades wird bei einer Kennmeldersicherung noch optisch visualisiert.Such a disconnection of the current path is still visually visualized with a detector protection.

Schmelzsicherungen sind aufgrund ihres Einsatzzweckes und ihrer Konstruktion grundsätzlich als irreversible Stromdetektoren anzusehen. Bekannten Belastungs- bzw. Verschleißanzeigen im Bereich des Überspannungsschutzes ist der Nachteil gemeinsam, dass die Anzeige selbst sehr ungenau reagiert, da lediglich auf eine Abhängigkeit hinsichtlich des thermischen Verhaltens des eingesetzten Überspannungsableiters, z.B. eines Varistors abgestellt wird. Dieses thermische Verhalten ist nicht nur vom Stromfluss und der momentanen Belastung, sondern auch von der Umgebungstemperatur, das heißt den Einsatzbedingungen abhängig.Fuses are due to their purpose and construction basically seen as irreversible current detectors. Known load or wear indicators in the area of surge protection have the disadvantage in common that the indicator itself reacts very imprecisely, since only a dependency with regard to the thermal behavior of the surge arrester used, for example a varistor, is turned off. This thermal behavior is not only dependent on the current flow and the current load, but also on the ambient temperature, i.e. the operating conditions.

Aus dem Vorgenannten ist es daher Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine weiterentwickelte Anordnung zur nicht-reversiblen Detektion und Anzeige von elektrischen Überströmen oder Stromgrenzwerten unter Rückgriff auf einen vorkonfektionierten Leiter anzugeben, welche nicht auf der Basis der Erwärmung stromdurchflossener Leiter und damit mittelbar, sondern unmittelbar auf den Stromfluss selbst reagiert, so dass sich externe Einflüsse wie Umgebungstemperaturen, Einbauverhältnisse sowie Einflüsse durch benachbarte Gerätebauteile oder Komponenten vermeiden lassen.From the above, it is therefore an object of the invention to provide a further developed arrangement for the non-reversible detection and display of electrical overcurrents or current limit values using a pre-assembled conductor, which is not based on the heating of current-carrying conductors and thus indirectly, but directly on the Current flow itself reacts so that external influences such as ambient temperatures, installation conditions and influences from neighboring device parts or components can be avoided.

Die Lösung der Aufgabe der Erfindung erfolgt durch eine Anordnung gemäß der Merkmalskombination nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Unteransprüche mindestens zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen darstellen.The object of the invention is achieved by an arrangement according to the combination of features according to claim 1, the subclaims representing at least expedient refinements and developments.

Es wird demnach von einer Anordnung zur nicht-reversiblen Detektion aber auch zur Anzeige von elektrischen Überströmen oder Stromgrenzwerten auf der Basis eines vorkonfektionierten Leiters ausgegangen.Accordingly, an arrangement for non-reversible detection but also for displaying electrical overcurrents or current limit values on the basis of a pre-assembled conductor is assumed.

Der Leiter weist mindestens zwei beabstandete, parallel verlaufende Leiterabschnitte auf, welche so ausgeführt sind, dass bei einem Stromfluss die beiden parallelen Leiterabschnitte in der gleichen Richtung durchflossen werden.The conductor has at least two spaced-apart, parallel conductor sections, which are designed such that the two parallel conductor sections are flowed through in the same direction when a current flows.

Mindestens einer der parallelen Leiterabschnitte besitzt einen Vorsprung, eine Nase oder dergleichen ausgebildetes Sperrelement, welches den Verschiebeweg eines mechanischen Anzeige- oder Schaltelementes begrenzt.At least one of the parallel conductor sections has a projection, a nose or the like formed locking element, which limits the displacement path of a mechanical display or switching element.

Diese Begrenzung des Verschiebeweges erfolgt derart, dass die bei Stromdurchfluss auf die parallelen Leiterabschnitte einwirkende elektromagnetische Kraft das Sperrelement in eine Freigabeposition hinsichtlich des Verschiebeweges des mechanischen Anzeige- oder Schaltelementes überführt.This limitation of the displacement path takes place in such a way that the electromagnetic force acting on the parallel conductor sections when current flows through transfers the blocking element into a release position with regard to the displacement path of the mechanical display or switching element.

Letzteres wird dadurch realisiert, dass die auf die parallelen, stromdurchflossenen Leiter einwirkende elektromagnetische Kraft dazu führt, dass sich die Leiter anziehen, das heißt aufeinander zubewegen. Diese Bewegung verändert die ursprüngliche Position des Sperrelementes, so dass die Sperrfunktion aufhebbar ist.The latter is realized in that the electromagnetic force acting on the parallel, current-carrying conductors leads to the conductors attracting, that is to say moving towards one another. This movement changes the original position of the locking element, so that the locking function can be canceled.

Bei einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann das Sperrelement als einfacher Anschlag ausgebildet werden.In one embodiment of the invention, the locking element can be designed as a simple stop.

Das Sperrelement ist z.B. durch eine Prägung oder durch Stanzen im Sinne einer Verformung eines entsprechenden Bereiches der parallelen Leiterabschnitte realisierbar.The locking element is e.g. realizable by embossing or by stamping in the sense of deformation of a corresponding area of the parallel conductor sections.

In bevorzugter Umsetzung der Erfindungsidee ist der Leiter als Band-, Flach- oder Streifenleiter ausgebildet, welcher einen flächigen Mittenabschnitt aufweist, der in zwei parallele Leiterstreifen übergeht.In a preferred implementation of the idea of the invention, the conductor is designed as a strip, flat or strip conductor which has a flat central section which merges into two parallel conductor strips.

Ein derartiger Flachleiter lässt sich sehr leicht durch klassische Stanztechnik in reproduzierbarer Weise und mit geringen Kosten herstellen.Such a flat conductor can be produced very easily using classic stamping technology in a reproducible manner and at low cost.

Unabhängig davon, dass beim erfindungsgemäßen Lösungsansatz es primär auf die Relativbewegung der Leiterabschnitte aufgrund Stromdurchfluss und elektromagnetischer Kraft ankommt, können die parallel verlaufenden Leiterabschnitte bezogen auf den übrigen Querschnitt des Leiters so ausgebildet werden, dass zusätzlich eine Sicherungsfunktion im Sinne einer Schmelzsicherung gewährleistet wird, und zwar dann, wenn eine weitere Erhöhung des Stromflusses in dem entsprechenden Leiterzweig auftritt.Regardless of the fact that the relative movement of the conductor sections due to current flow and electromagnetic force is primarily important in the approach according to the invention, the parallel conductor sections can be designed in relation to the remaining cross section of the conductor in such a way that a safety function in the sense of a fuse is additionally ensured, specifically when there is a further increase in the current flow in the corresponding conductor branch.

Es versteht sich hierbei, dass die flächigen Leiter im Mittenabschnitt mechanisch starr und so stabil ausgeführt werden, dass die Wirkung des angeformten oder angebrachten Sperrelementes auch bei üblichen mechanischen Belastungen erhalten bleibt.It goes without saying that the flat conductors in the central section are designed to be mechanically rigid and so stable that the effect of the molded or attached locking element is retained even under normal mechanical loads.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist auf dem Leiter eine verschiebliche Hülse gelagert.In a preferred embodiment, a displaceable sleeve is mounted on the conductor.

Der Verschiebeweg der Hülse ist vom Sperrelement begrenzt, wobei mit dem Erreichen eines Stromflussgrenzwertes das Sperrelement den Verschiebeweg freigibt, und zwar unter der Folge der wirkenden elektromagnetischen Kraft auf die parallelen Leiterstreifen.The displacement path of the sleeve is limited by the blocking element, and when a current flow limit value is reached, the blocking element releases the displacement path, specifically as a result of the electromagnetic force acting on the parallel conductor strips.

Die Hülse kann nun unmittelbar als Zustandsanzeige dienen, indem beispielsweise über ein Sichtfenster die Verschiebung der Hülse oder ein damit verbundener Farbwechsel erkennbar ist.The sleeve can now be used directly as a status indicator, for example by recognizing the displacement of the sleeve or an associated color change via a viewing window.

Alternativ kann aber auch die Hülse mittelbar über einen Hebelmechanismus eine Zustandsanzeige oder eine elektrische Schalteinrichtung, zum Beispiel eine Fernmeldeeinrichtung betätigen.Alternatively, however, the sleeve can also indirectly actuate a status display or an electrical switching device, for example a telecommunications device, via a lever mechanism.

Grundsätzlich besteht ergänzend die Möglichkeit, dass mittels der Hülse und gegebenenfalls einem Hebelmechanismus ein elektrischer Schalter der bekannten Art auslösbar ist.Basically, there is the additional possibility that an electrical switch of the known type can be triggered by means of the sleeve and possibly a lever mechanism.

Die Hülse ist in Richtung des Verschiebeweges mit einer Vorspannkraft beaufschlagt, um die notwendige Energie zur Ausführung der Bewegung bzw. zum Betätigen eines Hebelmechanismus bereitzustellen.A prestressing force is applied to the sleeve in the direction of the displacement path in order to provide the necessary energy for executing the movement or for actuating a lever mechanism.

Mittels Variation des Querschnittes und des Abstandes der parallel verlaufenden Leiterabschnitte lässt sich die Ansprechempfindlichkeit der Anordnung einstellen und ein entsprechender Stoßstromgrenzwert vorgeben, bei dem die elektromagnetische Kraft auf die Leiter so groß wird, dass eine Verformung und eine Freigabe des Bewegungsweges des Anzeige- oder Schaltelementes erfolgen kann.The response sensitivity of the arrangement can be set by varying the cross-section and the spacing of the parallel conductor sections and a corresponding surge current limit value can be specified, at which the electromagnetic force on the conductor becomes so great that the deformation or release of the movement path of the display or switching element takes place can.

Es wird weiterhin die Verwendung der vorgestellten Anordnung als Belastungs- oder Vorschädigungsanzeige eines Überspannungsableiters offenbart.The use of the arrangement presented as a load or pre-damage indicator of a surge arrester is also disclosed.

Diesbezüglich ist der Leiter als Teil der internen elektrischen Verbindung oder Verdrahtung des Überspannungsableiters ausgebildet oder wird entsprechend in einen Überspannungsableiter eingesetzt. Mit Hilfe der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung kann dann eine sogenannte Ampelanzeige realisiert werden. Dabei symbolisiert beispielsweise die Farbe Grün einer entsprechenden Anzeigevorrichtung, dass der eingesetzte Überspannungsableiter voll funktionsfähig ist und keine Vorschädigungen aufweist.In this regard, the conductor is designed as part of the internal electrical connection or wiring of the surge arrester or is correspondingly inserted into a surge arrester. With the help of the invention A so-called traffic light display can then be implemented. For example, the color green of a corresponding display device symbolizes that the surge arrester used is fully functional and has no previous damage.

Mit dem Auslösen der Anordnung, umfassend zwei parallele, stromdurchflossene Leiter gemäß voranstehender Beschreibung, wechselt die Anzeige auf "Gelb". Hierdurch wird signalisiert, dass die Vorschädigungs-Stromerkennung angesprochen hat.When the arrangement comprising two parallel, current-carrying conductors as described above is triggered, the display changes to "yellow". This signals that the pre-damage current detection has responded.

Darüber hinaus kann mit dem Ansprechen einer weiteren, klassischen thermischen Abtrennvorrichtung und Übergang zur Farbe Rot signalisiert werden, dass ein Ausfall des im Überspannungsableiter eingesetzten Schutzelementes, zum Beispiel eines Varistors, eingetreten ist.In addition, by responding to a further, classic thermal disconnection device and switching to the color red, it can be signaled that the protective element used in the surge arrester, for example a varistor, has failed.

Die Erfindung soll nachstehend anhand eines Ausführungsbeispieles sowie unter Zuhilfenahme von Figuren näher erläutert werden.The invention will be explained in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment and with the aid of figures.

Hierbei zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine Prinzipdarstellung des offenbarten Leiters, umfassend mindestens zwei beabstandete, parallel verlaufende Leiterabschnitte, welche im Einsatzfall in gleicher Richtung stromdurchflossen sind;
Fig. 2
eine Prinzipdarstellung einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung mit Hülse sowie Hebelmechanismus, welcher mit einem Anzeigeschieber in Verbindung steht; und
Fig. 3 - 5
eine Ausführungsform eines Überspannungsableiters, hier ausgebildet als Steckteil mit integrierter Anordnung zur nichtreversiblen Detektion und Anzeige einer Überstrombelastung im Sinne einer möglichen Vorschädigung, wobei Fig. 3 den Zustand "Keine Vorschädigung" (Grün), Fig. 4 den Zustand "Vorschädigung eingetreten" (Gelb) und Fig. 5 den Zustand "Rot", "Thermische Abtrennvorrichtung hat ausgelöst", symbolisiert.
Here show:
Fig. 1
a schematic diagram of the disclosed conductor, comprising at least two spaced-apart, parallel conductor sections which, when used, have current flowing through them in the same direction;
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention with sleeve and lever mechanism, which is connected to a slide indicator; and
3 - 5
An embodiment of a surge arrester, here designed as a plug-in part with an integrated arrangement for non-reversible detection and display of an overcurrent load in the sense of a possible pre-damage, wherein Fig. 3 the state "no pre-damage" (green), Fig. 4 the state "previous damage occurred" (yellow) and Fig. 5 symbolizes the status "red", "thermal disconnection device has triggered".

Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung zur nicht-reversiblen Detektion und Anzeige von elektrischen Überströmen oder Stromgrenzwerten geht von einem vorkonfektionierten Leiter aus, der beispielsweise als Flach- oder Bandleiter gemäß Fig. 1 durch Stanzen hergestellt werden kann.The arrangement according to the invention for the non-reversible detection and display of electrical overcurrents or current limit values is based on a pre-assembled conductor which, for example, as a flat or strip conductor Fig. 1 can be produced by stamping.

Der Leiter 1 weist in einem Mittenabschnitt zwei beabstandete, parallel verlaufende Leiterabschnitte 2; 3 auf.The conductor 1 has two spaced, parallel conductor sections 2 in a central section; 3 on.

Diese sind derart ausgeführt, dass beim Einschleifen des Leiters 1 in einen Stromkreis die Leiterabschnitte 2; 3 in gleicher Richtung stromdurchflossen werden.These are designed such that when the conductor 1 is ground into a circuit, the conductor sections 2; 3 current flows in the same direction.

Gemäß Fig. 1 weisen beide Leiterabschnitte 2; 3 jeweils eine Nase 4; 5 auf.According to Fig. 1 have both conductor sections 2; 3 each have a nose 4; 5 on.

Diese Nasen 4; 5 wirken als Sperrelement, beispielsweise zur Begrenzung eines Verschiebeweges eines mechanischen Anzeige- oder Schaltelementes (siehe Fig. 2).These noses 4; 5 act as a blocking element, for example to limit a displacement path of a mechanical display or switching element (see Fig. 2 ).

Bei Stromdurchfluss I wirkt auf die parallelen Leiterabschnitte 2; 3 eine elektromagnetische Kraft F.With current flow I acts on the parallel conductor sections 2; 3 an electromagnetic force F.

Infolge hierdurch ziehen sich die Leiterabschnitte 2; 3 an und es gelangen die Sperrelemente 4; 5 in eine Freigabeposition (siehe auch hier Fig. 2).As a result, the conductor sections 2; 3 and the locking elements 4; 5 in a release position (see also here Fig. 2 ).

Bei der Prinzipdarstellung nach Fig. 2 findet sich wieder der erläuterte Leiter 1 mit den parallelen Leiterabschnitten 2; 3 nebst Nase bzw. Sperrelement 5.With the principle representation after Fig. 2 there is again the explained conductor 1 with the parallel conductor sections 2; 3 together with nose or blocking element 5.

Das Sperrelement 5 ist hier als Anschlag bezogen auf eine verschiebliche Hülse 6 realisiert.The locking element 5 is realized here as a stop in relation to a displaceable sleeve 6.

Die Hülse 6 ist mittels Federelement 7 bezogen auf einen Fixpunkt 8 vorgespannt.The sleeve 6 is prestressed with respect to a fixed point 8 by means of the spring element 7.

Die Hülse 6 steht über einen Hebelmechanismus 9 mit einer Zustandsanzeige 10 in Verbindung.The sleeve 6 is connected to a status indicator 10 via a lever mechanism 9.

Wird bei Erreichen eines Stromgrenzwertes die elektromagnetische Kraft F auf die parallelen, stromdurchflossenen Leiter 2; 3 so groß, dass diese sich anziehen, gelangt die Nase 5 in eine Position derart, dass der Verschiebeweg der Hülse 6 frei wird.If the electromagnetic force F is applied to the parallel current-carrying conductors 2; 3 so large that they attract each other, the nose 5 comes into a position such that the displacement path of the sleeve 6 is free.

Mithin bewegt sich die Hülse 6 unter Nutzung der Federkraft 7 in Richtung zum Fixpunkt 8. Die Folge ist, dass sich unter Nutzung des Hebels 9 die Anzeige verschiebt.Thus, the sleeve 6 moves using the spring force 7 in the direction of the fixed point 8. The consequence is that the lever 9 shifts the display.

Selbige kann nun über ein in der Figur 2 nicht gezeigtes Fenster oder dergleichen Anordnung die relevante Belastungssituation, welche eingetreten ist, signalisieren.The same can now be used in a Figure 2 Window or similar arrangement, not shown, signal the relevant load situation that has occurred.

Ebenso besteht die Möglichkeit, dass über den Hebelmechanismus 9 eine nicht dargestellte Fernmeldeeinrichtung oder ein elektrischer Schalter betätigt, zum Beispiel ausgelöst, wird.Likewise, there is the possibility that a telecommunication device (not shown) or an electrical switch is actuated, for example triggered, via the lever mechanism 9.

Die Figuren 3 bis 5 zeigen einen Überspannungsableiter, ausgebildet als Steckteil. Zur besseren Erkennbarkeit der erfindungsgemäßen Anordnung wurde bei der Darstellung des Steckteiles 11 die diesbezügliche Abdeckung weggelassen.The Figures 3 to 5 show a surge arrester, designed as a plug-in part. For better visibility of the arrangement according to the invention, the relevant cover has been omitted from the illustration of the plug-in part 11.

Aus den Figuren 3 bis 5 ist ersichtlich, wie in den Strompfad des Überspannungsableiters, ausgehend von den Steckanschlüssen 22 und 23 die spezielle Leiteranordnung eingeschleift wurde.From the Figures 3 to 5 it can be seen how the special conductor arrangement was looped into the current path of the surge arrester, starting from the plug connections 22 and 23.

Auch ist der Hebelmechanismus 9 und die Hülse 6, die verschieblich auf dem Leiter 1 gelagert ist, erkennbar.The lever mechanism 9 and the sleeve 6, which is slidably mounted on the conductor 1, can also be seen.

Fig. 3 zeigt den Zustand "Grün", das heißt Vorschädigungen sind bisher nicht aufgetreten. Fig. 3 shows the status "green", which means that previous damage has not occurred.

Fig. 4 bezieht sich auf den Zustand einer bereits eingetretenen stromseitigen Vorschädigung. Durch Verformung der Leiterabschnitte 2; 3 gelangt die Hülse 6 in eine untere Endlage. Fig. 4 refers to the condition of a current-side pre-damage that has already occurred. By deforming the conductor sections 2; 3, the sleeve 6 reaches a lower end position.

Der Hebelmechanismus 9 gibt den Schieber 12 frei, der unter Federkraft steht.The lever mechanism 9 releases the slide 12, which is under spring force.

Der Schieber 12 fährt nach unten. Die Gelb-Anzeige 13 wird bezogen auf das Sichtfenster 14 freigegeben.The slide 12 moves down. The yellow indicator 13 is released in relation to the viewing window 14.

Gleichzeitig betätigt der Schieber 12 einen weiteren Schieber 15, welcher in der Lage ist, eine Fernmeldesignalisierung 16 anzusteuern.At the same time, the slide 12 actuates a further slide 15, which is able to control a telecommunications signaling 16.

Wenn, wie in Fig. 5 gezeigt, die thermische Abtrennvorrichtung, welche in bekannter Art ausgeführt ist, aufgrund Überlastung des eigentlichen Überspannungsableiters angesprochen hat, wird die Gelb-Anzeige 13 in der Darstellung nach Fig. 5 nach links bewegt und die Anzeige "Rot" ist im Sichtfenster 14 erkennbar.If, as in Fig. 5 shown that the thermal disconnect device, which is designed in a known manner, has responded due to overloading of the actual surge arrester, the yellow indicator 13 is shown in the illustration Fig. 5 moved to the left and the display "red" can be seen in the viewing window 14.

Claims (10)

  1. An arrangement for the non-reversible detection and display of electrical overcurrents or current limit values by means of a pre-finished conductor,
    characterized in that
    the conductor (1) has at least two conductor sections (2; 3) that are spaced apart from each other and extend in parallel to each other, which are designed for current to flow through in the same direction, at least one of the parallel conductor sections (2; 3) has a protrusion, a nose, or similar blocking element (4; 5), which limits the path of movement of a mechanical display or switching element such that the electromagnetic force (F) acting upon the parallel conductor sections (2; 3) during the flow of current (I) transfers the blocking element into a release position in respect of the path of movement of the mechanical display or switching element.
  2. The arrangement according to claim 1,
    characterized in that
    the blocking element (4; 5) is formed as a stop.
  3. The arrangement according to claim 1 or 2,
    characterized in that
    the blocking element is a deformation of the parallel conductor sections (2; 3) realized by embossing or punching.
  4. The arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the conductor (1) is formed as a flat conductor or tape conductor which has a two-dimensional middle section merging into two parallel conductor stripes.
  5. The arrangement according to claim 4,
    characterized in that
    a displaceable sleeve (6) is mounted on the conductor (1).
  6. The arrangement according to claim 5,
    characterized in that
    the path of displacement of the sleeve (6) is limited by the blocking element (4; 5), wherein the blocking element (4; 5) releases the path of displacement of the sleeve (6) when a current flow limit value (I) is reached.
  7. The arrangement according to claim 5 and/or 6,
    characterized in that
    the sleeve (6) actuates a status display (10) indirectly or directly via a lever mechanism (9).
  8. The arrangement according to any one of claims 5 to 7,
    characterized in that
    the sleeve (6) is subjected to a prestressing force (7; 8) in the direction of the path of displacement.
  9. The arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    varying the cross-section and the spacing of the conductor sections (2; 3) extending in parallel allows the response sensitivity to be adjusted and a corresponding surge current limit value to be defined.
  10. The arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that
    the conductor (1) is formed as a part of an internal electrical wiring or connection of the surge arrester (11).
EP18732774.7A 2017-07-10 2018-06-20 Arrangement for non-reversible detection and display of electrical overcurrents or current limit values by means of a pre-finished conductor Active EP3453035B1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL18732774T PL3453035T3 (en) 2017-07-10 2018-06-20 Arrangement for non-reversible detection and display of electrical overcurrents or current limit values by means of a pre-finished conductor
SI201830067T SI3453035T1 (en) 2017-07-10 2018-06-20 Arrangement for non-reversible detection and display of electrical overcurrents or current limit values by means of a pre-finished conductor

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017115443 2017-07-10
DE102017129657.3A DE102017129657A1 (en) 2017-07-10 2017-12-12 Arrangement for the non-reversible detection and display of electrical overcurrents or current limits by means of a pre-assembled conductor
PCT/EP2018/066422 WO2019011605A1 (en) 2017-07-10 2018-06-20 Arrangement for non-reversible detection and display of electrical overcurrents or current limit values by means of a pre-finished conductor

Publications (2)

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EP3453035A1 EP3453035A1 (en) 2019-03-13
EP3453035B1 true EP3453035B1 (en) 2020-04-22

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US (1) US11410802B2 (en)
EP (1) EP3453035B1 (en)
JP (1) JP6961787B2 (en)
CN (1) CN111133537B (en)
DE (1) DE102017129657A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2808144T3 (en)
PL (1) PL3453035T3 (en)
SI (1) SI3453035T1 (en)
WO (1) WO2019011605A1 (en)

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JP2020527927A (en) 2020-09-10
DE102017129657A1 (en) 2019-01-10
JP6961787B2 (en) 2021-11-05
ES2808144T3 (en) 2021-02-25
WO2019011605A1 (en) 2019-01-17
US11410802B2 (en) 2022-08-09
PL3453035T3 (en) 2020-08-24
CN111133537A (en) 2020-05-08
US20200126696A1 (en) 2020-04-23
CN111133537B (en) 2022-05-27
SI3453035T1 (en) 2020-07-31
EP3453035A1 (en) 2019-03-13

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