EP3450880A1 - Verfahren zur überwachung eines klimaanlage-systems für ein eisenbahnfahrzeug und ein eisenbahnfahrzeug mit einem klimaanlage-system zur durchführung dieses verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zur überwachung eines klimaanlage-systems für ein eisenbahnfahrzeug und ein eisenbahnfahrzeug mit einem klimaanlage-system zur durchführung dieses verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3450880A1
EP3450880A1 EP18192720.3A EP18192720A EP3450880A1 EP 3450880 A1 EP3450880 A1 EP 3450880A1 EP 18192720 A EP18192720 A EP 18192720A EP 3450880 A1 EP3450880 A1 EP 3450880A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
compressor
conditioning system
air conditioning
refrigerant
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18192720.3A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3450880B1 (de
Inventor
Rami ABOU-EID
Andrea Staino
Philippe Chevalier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3450880A1 publication Critical patent/EP3450880A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3450880B1 publication Critical patent/EP3450880B1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/19—Calculation of parameters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2106—Temperatures of fresh outdoor air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
    • F25B2700/21162—Temperatures of a condenser of the refrigerant at the inlet of the condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
    • F25B2700/21163—Temperatures of a condenser of the refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21174—Temperatures of an evaporator of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21175—Temperatures of an evaporator of the refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of monitoring an air conditioning system of a railway vehicle.
  • the invention also relates to a rail vehicle comprising an air conditioning system implementing this method.
  • HVAC Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning
  • the compressor is systematically replaced during a preventive maintenance visit once it has reached a replacement threshold, for example a predefined number of hours of operation.
  • This replacement threshold is, for example, provided by the compressor manufacturer. It is established according to the average behavior of the compressors of the same model and / or the same series.
  • the invention aims to remedy by proposing an air conditioning system for a railway vehicle whose maintenance can be facilitated so as to optimize the service life of the air conditioning system.
  • the invention by calculating a compressor health index in real time from physical quantities measured during its operation, it is possible to obtain real-time information on the state of wear of the compressor, in a non-standard way. invasive, while it is in operation. Thus, a quantitative deterioration of its performance is detected. A maintenance intervention can then be implemented. In other words, the compressor is replaced only when necessary.
  • the life of the compressor is optimized, in that it avoids premature replacement of the compressor and also avoids waiting for a total failure to replace it.
  • the cost of maintenance of the air conditioning system is reduced, while limiting the risk of unexpected failure of the air conditioning system.
  • the figure 1 represents a railway vehicle 2, for example a passenger train or an urban rail transport vehicle, such as a tramway or a metro.
  • the vehicle 2 is adapted to roll on a railway line 4 and comprises for this purpose rail wheels and at least one traction motor adapted to propel the vehicle 2.
  • the vehicle 2 comprises one or more rail cars 6 intended to receive passengers.
  • Each car 6 is equipped with an air conditioning system 8 which is configured to air condition a volume 10 inside the car 6.
  • air conditioning is meant here that the system 8 is able to bring the temperature of the car. air inside the volume 10 at a preset set temperature.
  • each air conditioning system 8 is received in a dedicated technical box, here housed on the roof of the corresponding car 6.
  • a dedicated technical box here housed on the roof of the corresponding car 6.
  • the volume 10, also called zone 10 occupies all the useful space of the car 6.
  • air conditioning systems 8 can be associated with the same car 6, for air conditioning several distinct areas 10 within the same car 6, these areas 10 being for example associated with separate compartments of the car 6. In this case, the systems 8 can operate independently.
  • the figure 2 represents an example of an air conditioning system 8.
  • This system 8 comprises a motorized compressor 12, a condenser 14, an evaporator 16 and expander 18, fluidly connected to each other by a refrigerant circuit 20, also called refrigerant.
  • the condenser 14 and the evaporator 16 are here provided with heat exchangers for facilitating the transfer of heat between the refrigerant and surrounding air flows.
  • the compressor 12 comprises an electric motor which drives a mechanical member adapted to compress the refrigerant.
  • the compressor 12 is therefore adapted to provide mechanical work to the refrigerant.
  • the compressor 12 is, for example, a piston compressor, or a rotary compressor, or a compressor according to any other suitable technology.
  • the motor of the compressor 12 is here powered electrically by a power source external to the system 8, for example by means of a power supply system of the vehicle 2.
  • the circuit 20 is here formed of several pipes connected to the components of the system 8 sealingly.
  • a first conduit connects an output of the compressor 12 to an input of the condenser 14.
  • a second conduit connects the output of the condenser 14 to an inlet of the expander 18.
  • a third conduit connects an outlet of the expander 18 to an inlet of the evaporator 16.
  • a fourth pipe connects an outlet of the evaporator 16 to an inlet of the compressor 12.
  • the circuit 20 comprises a refrigerant fluid, which circulates within the circuit 20.
  • the system 8 also comprises an outside air inlet opening and a hot air outlet, not shown, which both open to the outside of the vehicle 2.
  • the system 8 further comprises a fresh air outlet, not shown, which opens into the interior of the car 6 to provide fresh air for air conditioning the volume 10.
  • the car 6 includes a diffusion circuit air including ducts connected to said fresh air outlet and opening into the volume 10 by aeration nozzles.
  • the system 8 is here adapted to operate according to a thermodynamic refrigeration cycle, for example according to a vapor compression cycle of a refrigerant, known per se.
  • the fluid flows in the circuit 20 in the direction of flow illustrated by the arrow F, while passing from the outlet of the compressor 12 to the condenser 14 and then to the expansion valve 18 and the evaporator 16 before returning to the compressor input 12.
  • the air coming from the outside of the vehicle 2 forms a flow of incoming air which circulates at the level of the evaporator 16, outside of it, between the outside air inlet and the outlet of fresh air.
  • the fluid changes state and evaporates by absorbing a first quantity of heat Q L during each cycle, which cools the flow of air entering during its passage at the evaporator 16, in particular through the heat exchanger.
  • This air thus cooled is conveyed to the interior of the car 6, via the outlet of fresh air, to cool the volume 10.
  • the refrigerant then flows to the compressor 12 and then to the condenser 14, where it changes again state, and condenses by releasing a second amount of heat Q H outwardly during each cycle, which warms the outgoing air flow during its passage at the condenser 14.
  • the air thus heated is rejected to the outside of the vehicle 2, through the hot air outlet.
  • the system 8 comprises supervisory means, which are intended to measure in real time the state of health of the system 8, for example to detect a degradation of the performance of the compressor 12 requiring a maintenance intervention.
  • the system 8 comprises sensors for measuring physical quantities relating to the refrigerant as it travels in the circuit 20 and, advantageously, the physical quantities relating to the outside air flow.
  • the system 8 comprises a pressure sensor 22 and a pressure sensor 24, adapted to measure the pressure of the refrigerant in the circuit 20, respectively, at the inlet and the outlet of the compressor 12.
  • These pressures are noted , respectively, “P suc " and “P dis " in the following.
  • the system 8 also comprises temperature sensors for measuring the temperature of the refrigerant at various points of the circuit 20.
  • the sensors are housed partly inside the corresponding conduits of the circuit 20.
  • the system 8 comprises a temperature sensor 26 for measuring the temperature "T cond, in “ of the refrigerant at the inlet of the condenser 14, a temperature sensor 28 for measuring the temperature "T cond, out “ of the refrigerant at the outlet of the condenser 14, a temperature sensor 30 for measuring the temperature "T evap, in “ of the refrigerant at the inlet of the evaporator 16, a temperature sensor 32 for measuring the temperature "T evap, out Refrigerant at the outlet of the evaporator 16, a temperature sensor 34 for measuring the temperature "T suc “ of the refrigerant at the inlet of the compressor 12 and a temperature sensor 36 for measuring the temperature "T dis " of the refrigerant at the outlet of the compressor 12.
  • one of the temperature sensors 32 and 34 may be omitted. Indeed, in cases where the system 8 occupies a reduced volume and the evaporator 16 is close to the inlet of the compressor 12, then the temperature variation of the refrigerant between the outlet of the evaporator 16 and the inlet compressor 12 is negligible, so that only one of the temperature sensors 32 and 34 is sufficient to measure the temperature of the refrigerant at these two locations. In other words, the "T suc " temperature and the "T evap, out " temperature are then measured by the same temperature sensor 32 or 34.
  • the system 8 also comprises additional sensors, not shown, for measuring physical quantities relating to the incoming outside air flow and / or outgoing outdoor air flow and the electrical power consumed by the compressor motor 12.
  • the speed V supply , the moisture content W supply and the temperature T supply are replaced by corresponding physical quantities of the outgoing air flow.
  • the system 8 also includes an electronic computer 40 programmed to control the system 8 and to implement the supervision of the state of health of the system 8.
  • This computer 40 is for example embedded in the system 8, here inside. of the technical box in which the system 8 is housed.
  • the computer 40 comprises a logic calculating unit 42, such as a microprocessor or a programmable microcontroller; an information recording medium 44, such as a computer memory, for example a flash technology memory module; a data input interface 46 and a data interface 48, these components of the computer 40 being connected to each other by an internal data bus.
  • a logic calculating unit 42 such as a microprocessor or a programmable microcontroller
  • an information recording medium 44 such as a computer memory, for example a flash technology memory module
  • a data input interface 46 and a data interface 48 these components of the computer 40 being connected to each other by an internal data bus.
  • the support 44 includes executable instructions for implementing the method of the figure 4 , in particular for the purpose of supervising the operation of the system 8, when these instructions are executed by the logical unit 42.
  • the input interface 46 is here configured to receive measurement signals from the various aforementioned sensors fitted to the system 8.
  • the input interface 46 is connected to these sensors by means of wired links and / or by wireless data links.
  • the output interface 48 is in particular configured to transmit data representative of the state of health of the system 8, such as a signal representative of the state of health of the system 8, or even a warning signal indicating a failure requiring an intervention.
  • This data is for example sent to a remote computer server, for example installed in a vehicle maintenance center 2.
  • the transmission is performed by means of a telecommunications link, such as a radio link , or via the internet network and / or a radiotelephone network and / or a satellite link.
  • the data can also be stored within the support 44 and / or within an on-board computer of the vehicle 2.
  • the sensors and the computer 40 together form the aforementioned supervision means.
  • the computer 40 is notably programmed to calculate the efficiency of the compressor 12, from the measured physical quantities, and then to calculate a compressor health index, denoted "HI comp ", from the calculated efficiency.
  • the notation f indicates generically that a quantity is a function of one or more physical quantities measured and / or calculated, according to a predefined relationship. This predefined relationship is not necessarily the same for all definitions, although the same notation ft is used here.
  • the health index HI comp is here a real numerical value, for example positive and less than or equal to 1.
  • These calculations are here repeated in time, preferably in a regular manner, for example carried out periodically. These calculations are made from the values of the physical quantities measured during a moment or a corresponding time interval. Typically, these calculations are performed once a day and for a period of about 5 minutes.
  • a predefined threshold value of the health index also referred to as the reference value, is previously recorded in the support 22.
  • the index falls below this threshold value, then the performance of the compressor 12 is considered as not more satisfactory, indicating that the compressor 12 must be replaced.
  • a value of the health index HI comp equal to 1 indicates that the efficiency of the compressor is satisfactory and a value of the HI health index comp less than 0.7 or 0.6 indicates that the effectiveness is no longer satisfactory.
  • it may be an interval of predefined values.
  • the method is started. For example, this start is triggered automatically when the system 8 is started.
  • the physical quantities described above are automatically measured using the aforementioned sensors.
  • the values of these quantities thus measured are here transmitted by the sensors to the input interface 46 of the computer 40 via digital and / or analog signals.
  • the volumetric efficiency ⁇ vol and the isentropic efficiency ⁇ is calculated automatically, by the computer 40, from the quantities measured in step 102.
  • the intermediate thermodynamic quantities mentioned above. are first calculated by the computer 40, then the volumetric efficiency ⁇ vol and the isentropic efficiency ⁇ is are then calculated using these intermediate thermodynamic quantities.
  • a step 106 the health index HI comp of the compressor 12 is calculated, by the computer 40, from the volumetric efficiency ⁇ vol and the isentropic efficiency ⁇ is obtained during step 104 and using theoretical volumetric efficiency values ⁇ vol, theo and theoretical isentropic efficiency ⁇ is, theo .
  • a step 108 the health index HI comp thus calculated is automatically compared by the computer 40 with the predefined threshold value. If the health index HI comp is greater than or equal to this threshold value, then the compressor 12 is considered to have satisfactory performance.
  • the steps 102 to 108 of the method are repeated as long as the system 8 is in operation. For example, they are reiterated periodically with the predefined frequency mentioned above.
  • HI health index comp is determined to be less than this threshold value, then the compressor 12 is considered to have degraded performance.
  • an alert signal is sent, by the computer 40, to indicate that a maintenance intervention is necessary to replace the compressor 12.
  • the warning signal is a message sent to a remote computer server.
  • the steps 102 to 108 can then be repeated again, to continue to follow the evolution of the state of the compressor 12 until the maintenance operation is performed.
  • the comparison of the health index HI comp with the threshold value is replaced by a membership test of the health index HI comp at a predefined interval.
  • this membership test comprises, in fact, the comparison with two or more threshold values.
  • the invention provides real-time information of the state of wear of the compressor, non-invasively, while it is in operation. Thus, a quantitative deterioration of its performance is detected. A maintenance intervention can then be implemented. In other words, the compressor is replaced only when necessary. This avoids premature replacement of the compressor. We also avoid waiting for a total failure to replace it. Thus, the cost of maintenance of the air conditioning system is reduced, while limiting the risk of unexpected failure of the air conditioning system.
  • the air conditioning system 8 is also applicable to rail vehicles not intended to carry passengers, for example locomotives, maneuvering equipment such as locotractors, or still railway maintenance equipment.
  • the air conditioning system 8 then advantageously serves to cool a volume 10 received inside this vehicle, for example associated with a driver's cab or cargo space.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
EP18192720.3A 2017-09-05 2018-09-05 Verfahren zur überwachung eines klimaanlage-systems für ein eisenbahnfahrzeug und ein eisenbahnfahrzeug mit einem klimaanlage-system zur durchführung dieses verfahrens Active EP3450880B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1758156A FR3070659B1 (fr) 2017-09-05 2017-09-05 Procede de supervision d'un systeme de climatisation d'un vehicule ferroviaire et vehicule ferroviaire comportant un systeme de climatisation mettant en oeuvre ce procede

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3450880A1 true EP3450880A1 (de) 2019-03-06
EP3450880B1 EP3450880B1 (de) 2020-02-12

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EP18192720.3A Active EP3450880B1 (de) 2017-09-05 2018-09-05 Verfahren zur überwachung eines klimaanlage-systems für ein eisenbahnfahrzeug und ein eisenbahnfahrzeug mit einem klimaanlage-system zur durchführung dieses verfahrens

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EP (1) EP3450880B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3070659B1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA201805935B (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113218037A (zh) * 2020-01-21 2021-08-06 东元电机股份有限公司 冰水主机保养预估系统及其方法
CN113803858A (zh) * 2021-09-23 2021-12-17 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种直接蒸发冷却地铁通风降温系统运行控制方法
WO2023124781A1 (zh) * 2021-12-28 2023-07-06 上海美控智慧建筑有限公司 一种轮询环控方法、系统、电子设备及存储介质

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021211280B4 (de) 2021-10-06 2023-05-04 Glen Dimplex Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren sowie Vorrichtung zur Überwachung einer Kältemittel-Anlage

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070089440A1 (en) * 2005-10-21 2007-04-26 Abtar Singh Monitoring compressor performance in a refrigeration system
JP2010002090A (ja) * 2008-06-19 2010-01-07 Panasonic Corp 冷凍サイクル装置
WO2014017345A1 (ja) * 2012-07-23 2014-01-30 三浦工業株式会社 ヒートポンプ
EP2759786A1 (de) * 2013-01-28 2014-07-30 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Diagnoseverfahren einer Maschine zum Heizen, Belüften und Klimatisieren

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070089440A1 (en) * 2005-10-21 2007-04-26 Abtar Singh Monitoring compressor performance in a refrigeration system
JP2010002090A (ja) * 2008-06-19 2010-01-07 Panasonic Corp 冷凍サイクル装置
WO2014017345A1 (ja) * 2012-07-23 2014-01-30 三浦工業株式会社 ヒートポンプ
EP2759786A1 (de) * 2013-01-28 2014-07-30 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Diagnoseverfahren einer Maschine zum Heizen, Belüften und Klimatisieren

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113218037A (zh) * 2020-01-21 2021-08-06 东元电机股份有限公司 冰水主机保养预估系统及其方法
CN113803858A (zh) * 2021-09-23 2021-12-17 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种直接蒸发冷却地铁通风降温系统运行控制方法
CN113803858B (zh) * 2021-09-23 2022-07-29 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 一种直接蒸发冷却地铁通风降温系统运行控制方法
WO2023124781A1 (zh) * 2021-12-28 2023-07-06 上海美控智慧建筑有限公司 一种轮询环控方法、系统、电子设备及存储介质

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ZA201805935B (en) 2023-03-29
EP3450880B1 (de) 2020-02-12
FR3070659A1 (fr) 2019-03-08
FR3070659B1 (fr) 2020-01-10

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