EP3449791B1 - Suction nozzle for a suction cleaner - Google Patents
Suction nozzle for a suction cleaner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3449791B1 EP3449791B1 EP18192177.6A EP18192177A EP3449791B1 EP 3449791 B1 EP3449791 B1 EP 3449791B1 EP 18192177 A EP18192177 A EP 18192177A EP 3449791 B1 EP3449791 B1 EP 3449791B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- suction
- suction channel
- flow
- channel end
- mouth
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010407 vacuum cleaning Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
- A47L9/02—Nozzles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L11/00—Machines for cleaning floors, carpets, furniture, walls, or wall coverings
- A47L11/40—Parts or details of machines not provided for in groups A47L11/02 - A47L11/38, or not restricted to one of these groups, e.g. handles, arrangements of switches, skirts, buffers, levers
- A47L11/4036—Parts or details of the surface treating tools
- A47L11/4044—Vacuuming or pick-up tools; Squeegees
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L5/00—Structural features of suction cleaners
- A47L5/12—Structural features of suction cleaners with power-driven air-pumps or air-compressors, e.g. driven by motor vehicle engine vacuum
- A47L5/22—Structural features of suction cleaners with power-driven air-pumps or air-compressors, e.g. driven by motor vehicle engine vacuum with rotary fans
- A47L5/28—Suction cleaners with handles and nozzles fixed on the casings, e.g. wheeled suction cleaners with steering handle
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
- A47L9/24—Hoses or pipes; Hose or pipe couplings
- A47L9/248—Parts, details or accessories of hoses or pipes
Definitions
- the invention relates to a suction nozzle for a suction cleaning device, the suction nozzle having a suction channel for connection to a blower of a suction cleaning device, a suction channel end area of the suction channel opening into an elongated suction mouth, the longitudinal extent of which is oriented transversely to a main direction of movement of the suction nozzle (1), the Suction channel end area has a plurality of flow openings opening into the suction port, which are connected in a cascade fashion such that a first flow portion flowing from the suction port through a first flow opening into the suction channel end area flows past a second flow opening of the suction channel end area within the suction channel end area, with the first flow portion and add a second flow component flowing through the second flow opening into the suction channel end area.
- the invention relates to a vacuum cleaning device with a suction nozzle.
- the suction nozzle can be designed, for example, in the manner of an attachment and can be detachably connected to a base unit of a vacuum cleaning device. Alternatively, the suction nozzle can also be designed in one piece with the vacuum cleaning device.
- the suction nozzle has a suction channel, which on the one hand has a flow connection to a fan of the vacuum cleaning device and on the other hand opens into the suction mouth. When the fan is in operation, a vacuum is applied to a surface to be cleaned via the suction mouth, so that dust and/or dirt on the surface can be conveyed through the suction channel in the direction of a suction material collection container.
- the suction channel end area is an end-side extension of the suction channel, with the suction channel end area relative to an orientation of the vacuum cleaning device during a normal use position - in a viewing direction parallel to a surface to be cleaned and transverse to a longitudinal extension of the suction mouth - over the suction mouth and parallel along the suction mouth between the suction mouth and the suction channel, wherein the suction channel is connected to the suction mouth in a decentralized manner in relation to the viewing direction and is assigned on one side to an end region of the suction mouth, with the suction channel end region enabling an asymmetrical connection of the suction channel to the suction mouth.
- the suction mouth is connected to the suction channel end area via a plurality of flow openings.
- the flow openings preferably flow into the suction mouth one behind the other in relation to a longitudinal direction of the suction mouth, so that several flow components flow separately into the suction channel end region and add up therein in the manner of a cascade. Contrary to the state of the art, air does not only flow through a single flow opening into the end area of the suction channel. Rather, the suction air is split up into a plurality of flow components, which arrive on different flow paths, starting from the suction mouth and into the suction channel end area.
- the flow openings can be placed and designed on the end area of the suction channel in such a way that a homogeneous suction air intensity is available along the suction mouth.
- a flow component entering through a flow opening that is furthest away from the suction channel flows past the other flow openings that are formed on the suction channel end area between the most distant flow opening and the suction channel leading in the direction of the fan.
- the end region of the suction channel is thus formed along the suction mouth in the manner of a collecting channel, which serves as an intermediary between the suction channel leading to the blower and the suction mouth.
- the intensity of the suction air flow at each flow opening can be influenced separately by the number, arrangement and size of the flow openings, including the inflow cross sections within the end area of the suction channel.
- the end region of the suction channel formed in this way enables an asymmetrical connection of the suction channel to the suction mouth, as a result of which there is greater flexibility with regard to the geometric design of the suction nozzle and the available installation space.
- the suction channel end area arranged between the suction mouth and the suction channel is arranged parallel along the suction mouth.
- the suction channel end area is an end extension of the suction channel.
- the suction channel end area is an element formed separately from the suction channel, the suction channel can have a connection area for, for example, a detachable connection to the suction channel end area.
- the end region of the suction channel is fluidically connected to the suction mouth by means of the plurality of flow openings, the flow openings preferably being arranged in such a way that the suction air intensity is also optimal in the edge regions of the suction mouth.
- the suction channel end region has an elongated shape, with the flow openings opening into the suction mouth one behind the other in relation to a longitudinal direction of the suction mouth.
- a surface normal of an opening plane of the flow opening can preferably be oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal extent of the suction channel end region. Since the suction nozzle of a vacuum cleaning device has an elongated suction mouth, the length of which is oriented transversely to a main direction of movement of the vacuum cleaning device or the suction nozzle, it is recommended that the suction channel end area opening into the suction mouth also has an elongated shape.
- the flow openings connecting the suction channel end area to the suction mouth are oriented in such a way that the surface normals of the opening planes are each perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the suction channel end area.
- the end area of the suction channel is arranged above the suction mouth and parallel to it, based on a normal orientation of the suction nozzle during cleaning operation.
- the flow openings have opening planes with different sizes and/or different shapes have cross-sectional areas. Due to the size and shape of the flow openings, the intensity of the suction air flow can be adjusted separately at each flow opening.
- the sizes of the flow openings differ depending on the pressure loss to be expected within the suction channel end area.
- the flow openings must be designed in such a way that they ensure the uniform distribution of the suction air intensity within the suction mouth.
- the flow opening is part of a nozzle.
- the suction channel end area is connected to the suction mouth via a plurality of nozzles, so that a speed and/or direction of the flow is determined by the shape and size of the nozzle in addition to other factors such as the size of the cross-sectional area.
- the shape and size of the nozzle can be varied in practice in order to achieve a uniform suction air intensity via the suction mouth.
- the nozzles provide flow paths of different lengths between the suction channel end area and the suction mouth.
- the nozzles can thus be of different lengths in relation to one another.
- the pressure loss achieved at the respective nozzle or flow opening can also be set individually.
- the end area of the suction channel tapers in the direction of its longitudinal extension counter to the direction of flow.
- the suction channel end area has successive flow cross sections that become smaller along its longitudinal extension, so that the suction channel end area becomes smaller, starting from a blower, up to the most remote flow opening. the respective Inflow paths of the flow openings thus assume a cascade-like arrangement.
- the suction channel has two suction channel end regions connected in parallel in terms of flow.
- the longitudinal extensions of the two suction channel end regions can be oriented parallel to one another.
- each of the two end regions of the suction channel preferably opens into its own suction mouth.
- the end regions of the suction channel can be arranged at a distance from one another in a housing of the suction nozzle.
- the suction nozzle can have, for example, a first suction mouth which leads in relation to a usual forward movement of the suction nozzle during a cleaning operation, and a second suction mouth which leads in relation to a movement in the opposite rearward direction thereto.
- the suction nozzle enables an equally optimal cleaning result in both opposite directions.
- the suction channel end area has two to ten, in particular three to five, flow openings.
- the more flow openings are formed in the suction channel end area the finer the suction air intensity can be set at the suction mouth. It is advisable to provide more flow openings the longer the suction mouth is.
- a pressure loss caused by a flow opening is at least five times, in particular at least ten times, greater than a pressure loss within the suction port end area.
- defined sizes of the cross-sectional areas of the flow openings are required and specific sizes of the flow cross-sections within the end area of the suction channel are required.
- the flow cross sections within the suction channel end area are the cross sections which are oriented essentially perpendicular to a main flow direction.
- the pressure losses in the suction channel end area are at least five times smaller, but particularly preferably ten times smaller, than the pressure losses through the individual flow openings.
- the flow openings must cause a pressure loss that is at least five times, particularly preferably at least ten times, greater in order to ensure the uniform distribution of the suction air intensity at the suction mouth.
- the invention also proposes a vacuum cleaning device with a suction nozzle described above.
- the suction cleaning device according to the invention can, for example, be a device used exclusively for suction cleaning, or alternatively also a combined suction-wiping device or another cleaning device with a suction function.
- the suction nozzle can be arranged separably on a base unit of the vacuum cleaning device, or it can also be an integral part of the vacuum cleaning device.
- the suction nozzle of the vacuum cleaning device according to the invention is preferably designed with one or more of the features explained above. The resulting advantages also apply accordingly to the vacuum cleaning device according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 shows a vacuum cleaning device 2, which is designed here as a hand-held device with a base unit 14 and a suction nozzle 1.
- the suction nozzle 1 is arranged separably on the base unit 14 in the manner of an attachment.
- the base device 14 has a handle 16 which is designed to be telescopic, so that a user of the vacuum cleaning device 2 can adjust the length of the handle 16 to his height.
- a handle 17 is arranged on the handle 16, by means of which the user can guide the vacuum cleaning device 2 during normal working operation, ie push it over a surface to be cleaned. During operation, the user usually moves the vacuum cleaning device 2 in opposite directions over the surface to be cleaned. He alternately pushes the vacuum cleaning device 2 away from him or pulls it towards himself.
- a switch 18 is arranged on the handle 17 and is used, for example, to switch a motor of a motor-fan unit of the vacuum cleaning device 2 on and off.
- the suction nozzle 1 has a housing 19 with a connection area 20 to which the base unit 14 of the vacuum cleaning device 2 can be connected.
- a suction channel 3 is guided within the housing 19 and provides a flow connection to the motor/fan unit of the vacuum cleaning device 2 .
- the suction channel 3 has here, for example, two suction channel end regions 4, 5, which are each connected to a suction mouth 6.
- the illustrated front side of the housing 19 has, for example, a bristle strip 15 as a sealing element in the area of the suction mouth 6 .
- FIG 2 shows a front view of the suction nozzle 1.
- the suction channel end area 4, which is arranged at the front in the housing 19 in the illustration, has here, for example, a total of three flow openings 7, 8, 9, which fluidically connect the suction channel end area 4 to the suction mouth 6.
- the flow openings 7 , 8 , 9 are each part of a nozzle 13 , which spaces the end area of the suction channel from the suction mouth 6 .
- the nozzles 13 here provide, for example, flow paths of different lengths for the flow portions flowing through the nozzles 13 . Alternatively, the nozzles 13 can also be of the same length.
- FIG figure 3 shows a section through the suction nozzle 1 according to FIG figure 2 shown line III.
- the suction nozzle 1 has the two suction channel end regions 4 , 5 oriented parallel to one another, which are connected to the suction channel 3 via a common connection region 21 .
- the suction channel end regions 4, 5 each form a distribution channel for the respective associated suction mouth 6.
- the flow openings 7, 8, 9 or 10, 11, 12 have cross-sectional areas of different sizes, with the flow opening 8 or 11 arranged centrally in the respective suction channel end area 4, 5 having a larger cross-sectional area than the other flow openings 7, 9 or 10, 12.
- the flow openings 10, 11, 12 of the second suction channel end area 5 can either be dimensioned analogously to the flow openings 7, 8, 9 of the first suction channel end area 4 or deviate from them.
- the cross-sectional areas of the flow openings 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 have the following sizes, for example: Flow opening 7: 191mm 2 Flow opening 8: 359mm 2 Flow opening 9: 179mm 2 Flow opening 10: 180.5mm 2 Flow opening 11: 359mm 2 Flow opening 12: 163.5mm 2 .
- FIG 4 shows a roughly sketched exploded view of a suction nozzle 1.
- the suction nozzle 1 has a lower and an upper partial housing area as well as the suction channel end areas 4, 5 lying in between, with the respective associated suction mouth 6.
- the suction channel end areas 4 , 5 are brought together at a common connection area 21 which is used for connection to the suction channel 3 .
- the figures 5 and 6 show two different perspective views of the suction channel end regions 4, 5, wherein figure 5 shows a view of the first suction channel end region 4 and wherein figure 6 shows a view of the second suction channel end area 5 .
- the suction channel end regions 4, 5 have shapes that change along their respective longitudinal extent, which provide end region cross sections 22 to 30 of different sizes for the flow components flowing through the suction channel end regions 4, 5. Starting from the connection area 21 to the flow opening 7, 10 which is furthest away in the respective suction channel end area 4, 5, the end area cross sections 26 to 22 and 27 to 30 have decreasing surface sizes.
- end area cross sections 22 to 30 have the following sizes, for example: End area cross section 22: 162.5mm 2 End area cross section 23: 448.5mm 2 End area cross section 24: 448.5mm 2 End area cross section 25: 579mm 2 End area cross section 26: 608mm 2 End area cross section 27: 814.5mm 2 End area cross section 28 547.5mm 2 End area cross section 29: 410.5mm 2 End Section Cross Section 30: 207mm2 .
- the ratio between the pressure losses in the suction channel end regions 4, 5 and the pressure losses of the flow openings 7, 8, 9 or 10, 11, 12 is approximately 1:5 here, the pressure loss of the flow openings 7 to 9 being approximately 700 Pa and the pressure loss in the suction channel end area 4, 5 approximately 150 Pa, with a volume flow of 16 1/s distributed over the three flow openings 7, 8, 9 or 10, 11, 12.
- the flow openings 7 to 12 thus have a pressure loss which is approximately five times greater is than the pressure loss in the suction channel end area 4, 5.
- This design enables a suction air intensity within the suction mouth 6 which is distributed more homogeneously over the suction mouth 6 than would be the case if the suction channel end area 4, 5 was only connected to the suction mouth 6 at the end.
- figure 7 finally shows a bottom view of the in figure 5 Suction channel end region 4 shown at the front with the three flow openings 7, 8, 9.
- a suction channel end area 4, 5 as a distribution channel between the connection area 21 and several flow openings 7 to 9 or 10 to 12 pointing to the respective suction mouth 6 allows a homogeneous suction air intensity to be achieved at the suction mouth 6.
- the air sucked in through the suction mouth 6 flows through the flow openings 7 to 9 or 10 to 12 into the suction channel end area 4 or 5 that a portion of the flow flowing through the flow opening 7 or 10 that is furthest away from the connection area 21 into the suction channel end area 4 or 5 flows past the adjacent flow openings 8, 9 or 11, 12, so that cascading flow paths flow in the direction of the connection area 21 result.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nozzles For Electric Vacuum Cleaners (AREA)
- Cleaning In General (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Saugdüse für ein Saugreinigungsgerät, wobei die Saugdüse einen Saugkanal zur Verbindung mit einem Gebläse eines Saugreinigungsgerätes aufweist, wobei ein Saugkanalendbereich des Saugkanals in einen langgestreckten Saugmund mündet, dessen Längserstreckung quer zu einer Hauptfortbewegungsrichtung der Saugdüse (1) orientiert ist, wobei der Saugkanalendbereich eine Mehrzahl von in den Saugmund mündenden Strömungsöffnungen aufweist, welche derart kaskadenförmig geschaltet sind, dass ein ausgehend von dem Saugmund durch eine erste Strömungsöffnung in den Saugkanalendbereich einströmender erster Strömungsanteil innerhalb des Saugkanalendbereiches an einer zweiten Strömungsöffnung des Saugkanalendbereiches vorbeiströmt, wobei sich der erste Strömungsanteil und ein durch die zweite Strömungsöffnung in den Saugkanalendbereich einströmender zweiter Strömungsanteil addieren.The invention relates to a suction nozzle for a suction cleaning device, the suction nozzle having a suction channel for connection to a blower of a suction cleaning device, a suction channel end area of the suction channel opening into an elongated suction mouth, the longitudinal extent of which is oriented transversely to a main direction of movement of the suction nozzle (1), the Suction channel end area has a plurality of flow openings opening into the suction port, which are connected in a cascade fashion such that a first flow portion flowing from the suction port through a first flow opening into the suction channel end area flows past a second flow opening of the suction channel end area within the suction channel end area, with the first flow portion and add a second flow component flowing through the second flow opening into the suction channel end area.
Des Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung ein Saugreinigungsgerät mit einer Saugdüse.Furthermore, the invention relates to a vacuum cleaning device with a suction nozzle.
Saugdüsen und Saugreinigungsgeräte der vorgenannten Art sind im Stand der Technik bekannt.Suction nozzles and suction cleaning devices of the aforementioned type are known in the prior art.
Die Saugdüse kann beispielsweise nach der Art eines Vorsatzgerätes ausgebildet sein und mit einem Basisgerät eines Saugreinigungsgerätes lösbar verbunden werden. Alternativ kann die Saugdüse auch einteilig mit dem Saugreinigungsgerät ausgebildet sein. Die Saugdüse verfügt über einen Saugkanal, welcher einerseits eine Strömungsverbindung zu einem Gebläse des Saugreinigungsgerätes aufweist und andererseits in den Saugmund mündet. Bei Betrieb des Gebläses wird eine zu reinigende Fläche über den Saugmund mit Unterdruck beaufschlagt, so dass auf der Fläche befindlicher Staub und/oder Schmutz durch den Saugkanal in Richtung eines Sauggutsammelbehälters gefördert werden kann.The suction nozzle can be designed, for example, in the manner of an attachment and can be detachably connected to a base unit of a vacuum cleaning device. Alternatively, the suction nozzle can also be designed in one piece with the vacuum cleaning device. The suction nozzle has a suction channel, which on the one hand has a flow connection to a fan of the vacuum cleaning device and on the other hand opens into the suction mouth. When the fan is in operation, a vacuum is applied to a surface to be cleaned via the suction mouth, so that dust and/or dirt on the surface can be conveyed through the suction channel in the direction of a suction material collection container.
Eine derartige Lösung zeigt beispielsweise die Veröffentlichung
Ausgehend von dem vorgenannten Stand der Technik ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Saugdüse zu schaffen, welche unabhängig von baulichen Bedingungen der Saugdüse eine gleichmäßige Saugluftintensität entlang des Saugmundes aufweist, so dass die Saugdüse über vorzugsweise ihre gesamte Breite ein optimales Reinigungsergebnis erzielt.Based on the aforementioned prior art, it is the object of the invention to create a suction nozzle which has a uniform suction air intensity along the suction mouth, regardless of the structural conditions of the suction nozzle, so that the suction nozzle preferably achieves an optimal cleaning result over its entire width.
Zur Lösung der vorgenannten Aufgabe wird vorgeschlagen, dass der Saugkanalendbereich ein endseitiger Fortsatz des Saugkanals ist, wobei der Saugkanalendbereich bezogen auf eine Orientierung des Saugreinigungsgerätes während einer üblichen Gebrauchsstellung - in einer Betrachtungsrichtung parallel zu einer zu reinigenden Fläche und quer zu einer Längserstreckung des Saugmundes - über dem Saugmund und parallel entlang des Saugmundes zwischen dem Saugmund und dem Saugkanal angeordnet ist, wobei der Saugkanal bezogen auf die Betrachtungsrichtung dezentral an den Saugmund angeschlossen und einseitig einem Endbereich des Saugmundes zugeordnet ist, wobei der Saugkanalendbereich eine asymmetrische Anbindung des Saugkanals an den Saugmund ermöglicht.In order to achieve the aforementioned object, it is proposed that the suction channel end area is an end-side extension of the suction channel, with the suction channel end area relative to an orientation of the vacuum cleaning device during a normal use position - in a viewing direction parallel to a surface to be cleaned and transverse to a longitudinal extension of the suction mouth - over the suction mouth and parallel along the suction mouth between the suction mouth and the suction channel, wherein the suction channel is connected to the suction mouth in a decentralized manner in relation to the viewing direction and is assigned on one side to an end region of the suction mouth, with the suction channel end region enabling an asymmetrical connection of the suction channel to the suction mouth.
Der Saugmund ist über eine Mehrzahl von Strömungsöffnungen mit dem Saugkanalendbereich verbunden. Die Strömungsöffnungen münden bezogen auf eine Längsrichtung des Saugmundes bevorzugt hintereinander in den Saugmund, so dass mehrere Strömungsanteile separat in den Saugkanalendbereich einströmen und sich darin kaskadenartig aufsummieren. Entgegen dem Stand der Technik strömt Luft somit nicht nur durch eine einzige Strömungsöffnung in den Saugkanalendbereich. Vielmehr erfolgt eine Aufsplittung der Saugluft in mehrere Strömungsanteile, die auf unterschiedlichen Strömungswegen ausgehend von dem Saugmund in den Saugkanalendbereich gelangen. Die Strömungsöffnungen können an dem Saugkanalendbereich so platziert und ausgelegt werden, dass entlang des Saugmundes eine homogene Saugluftintensität zur Verfügung steht. Innerhalb des Saugkanalendbereiches strömt somit ein durch eine bezogen auf den Saugkanal entfernteste Strömungsöffnung eintretender Strömungsanteil an den anderen Strömungsöffnungen vorbei, welche an dem Saugkanalendbereich zwischen der entferntesten Strömungsöffnung und dem in Richtung des Gebläses führenden Saugkanal ausgebildet sind. Entlang des Saugmundes ist der Saugkanalendbereich somit nach der Art eines Sammelkanals ausgebildet, welcher als Vermittler zwischen dem zu dem Gebläse führenden Saugkanal und dem Saugmund dient. Durch die Anzahl, Anordnung und Größe der Strömungsöffnungen inklusive der Zuströmquerschnitte innerhalb des Saugkanalendbereichs kann eine Intensität des Saugluftstroms an jeder Strömungsöffnung separat beeinflusst werden. Der so ausgebildete Saugkanalendbereich ermöglicht eine asymmetrische Anbindung des Saugkanals an den Saugmund, wodurch in Bezug auf die geometrische Gestaltung der Saugdüse und den zur Verfügung stehenden Bauraum eine größere Flexibilität gegeben ist.The suction mouth is connected to the suction channel end area via a plurality of flow openings. The flow openings preferably flow into the suction mouth one behind the other in relation to a longitudinal direction of the suction mouth, so that several flow components flow separately into the suction channel end region and add up therein in the manner of a cascade. Contrary to the state of the art, air does not only flow through a single flow opening into the end area of the suction channel. Rather, the suction air is split up into a plurality of flow components, which arrive on different flow paths, starting from the suction mouth and into the suction channel end area. The flow openings can be placed and designed on the end area of the suction channel in such a way that a homogeneous suction air intensity is available along the suction mouth. Within the suction channel end area, a flow component entering through a flow opening that is furthest away from the suction channel flows past the other flow openings that are formed on the suction channel end area between the most distant flow opening and the suction channel leading in the direction of the fan. The end region of the suction channel is thus formed along the suction mouth in the manner of a collecting channel, which serves as an intermediary between the suction channel leading to the blower and the suction mouth. The intensity of the suction air flow at each flow opening can be influenced separately by the number, arrangement and size of the flow openings, including the inflow cross sections within the end area of the suction channel. The end region of the suction channel formed in this way enables an asymmetrical connection of the suction channel to the suction mouth, as a result of which there is greater flexibility with regard to the geometric design of the suction nozzle and the available installation space.
Es ist vorgesehen, dass der zwischen dem Saugmund und dem Saugkanal angeordnete Saugkanalendbereich parallel entlang des Saugmundes angeordnet ist. Erfindungsgemäß wird hier ein endseitiger Anschluss des Saugkanalendbereiches an den Saugkanal vorgeschlagen, so dass der Saugkanalendbereich ein endseitiger Fortsatz des Saugkanals ist. Sofern der Saugkanalendbereich ein separat zu dem Saugkanal ausgebildetes Element ist, kann der Saugkanal einen Anschlussbereich für beispielsweise eine lösbare Verbindung mit dem Saugkanalendbereich aufweisen. Der Saugkanalendbereich ist strömungstechnisch mittels der Mehrzahl von Strömungsöffnungen mit dem Saugmund verbunden, wobei die Strömungsöffnungen vorzugsweise so angeordnet sind, dass die Saugluftintensität auch in den Randbereichen des Saugmundes optimal ist.It is provided that the suction channel end area arranged between the suction mouth and the suction channel is arranged parallel along the suction mouth. According to the invention here is a terminal Connection of the suction channel end area proposed to the suction channel, so that the suction channel end area is an end extension of the suction channel. If the suction channel end area is an element formed separately from the suction channel, the suction channel can have a connection area for, for example, a detachable connection to the suction channel end area. The end region of the suction channel is fluidically connected to the suction mouth by means of the plurality of flow openings, the flow openings preferably being arranged in such a way that the suction air intensity is also optimal in the edge regions of the suction mouth.
Des Weiteren wird vorgeschlagen, dass der Saugkanalendbereich eine langgestreckte Form aufweist, wobei die Strömungsöffnungen bezogen auf eine Längsrichtung des Saugmundes hintereinander in den Saugmund münden. Vorzugsweise kann eine Flächennormale einer Öffnungsebene der Strömungsöffnung senkrecht zu der Längserstreckung des Saugkanalendbereiches orientiert sein. Da die Saugdüse eines Saugreinigungsgerätes einen langgestreckten Saugmund aufweist, dessen Längserstreckung quer zu einer Hauptfortbewegungsrichtung des Saugreinigungsgerätes bzw. der Saugdüse orientiert ist, empfiehlt es sich, dass auch der in den Saugmund mündende Saugkanalendbereich eine langgestreckte Form aufweist. Die den Saugkanalendbereich mit dem Saugmund verbindenden Strömungsöffnungen sind dabei so orientiert, dass die Flächennormalen der Öffnungsebenen jeweils senkrecht zu der Längserstreckung des Saugkanalendbereiches stehen. Gemäß der Erfindung ist der Saugkanalendbereich - bezogen auf eine übliche Orientierung der Saugdüse während des Reinigungsbetriebs - über dem Saugmund angeordnet, und parallel zu diesem.Furthermore, it is proposed that the suction channel end region has an elongated shape, with the flow openings opening into the suction mouth one behind the other in relation to a longitudinal direction of the suction mouth. A surface normal of an opening plane of the flow opening can preferably be oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal extent of the suction channel end region. Since the suction nozzle of a vacuum cleaning device has an elongated suction mouth, the length of which is oriented transversely to a main direction of movement of the vacuum cleaning device or the suction nozzle, it is recommended that the suction channel end area opening into the suction mouth also has an elongated shape. The flow openings connecting the suction channel end area to the suction mouth are oriented in such a way that the surface normals of the opening planes are each perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the suction channel end area. According to the invention, the end area of the suction channel is arranged above the suction mouth and parallel to it, based on a normal orientation of the suction nozzle during cleaning operation.
Des Weiteren wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Strömungsöffnungen Öffnungsebenen mit unterschiedlich großen und/oder unterschiedlich geformten Querschnittsflächen aufweisen. Durch die Größe und Form der Strömungsöffnungen kann die Intensität des Saugluftstroms an jeder Strömungsöffnung separat eingestellt werden. Dabei unterscheiden sich die Größen der Strömungsöffnungen je nach dem zu erwartenden Druckverlust innerhalb des Saugkanalendbereiches. Insbesondere müssen die Strömungsöffnungen so ausgelegt sein, dass diese die Gleichverteilung der Saugluftintensität innerhalb des Saugmundes gewährleisten.Furthermore, it is proposed that the flow openings have opening planes with different sizes and/or different shapes have cross-sectional areas. Due to the size and shape of the flow openings, the intensity of the suction air flow can be adjusted separately at each flow opening. The sizes of the flow openings differ depending on the pressure loss to be expected within the suction channel end area. In particular, the flow openings must be designed in such a way that they ensure the uniform distribution of the suction air intensity within the suction mouth.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Strömungsöffnung Teil einer Düse ist. Gemäß dieser Ausführung ist der Saugkanalendbereich über mehrere Düsen mit dem Saugmund verbunden, so dass eine Geschwindigkeit und/oder Richtung der Strömung neben anderen Faktoren wie der Größe der Querschnittsfläche auch durch die Form und Größe der Düse bestimmt wird. Die Form und Größe der Düse kann dabei in der Praxis variiert werden, um eine gleichmäßige Saugluftintensität über den Saugmund zu erreichen.According to a preferred embodiment, it is proposed that the flow opening is part of a nozzle. According to this embodiment, the suction channel end area is connected to the suction mouth via a plurality of nozzles, so that a speed and/or direction of the flow is determined by the shape and size of the nozzle in addition to other factors such as the size of the cross-sectional area. The shape and size of the nozzle can be varied in practice in order to achieve a uniform suction air intensity via the suction mouth.
In diesem Zusammenhang kann vorgesehen sein, dass die Düsen unterschiedlich lange Strömungswege zwischen dem Saugkanalendbereich und dem Saugmund bereitstellen. Die Düsen können somit zueinander verschieden lang ausgebildet sein. Dadurch kann der an der jeweiligen Düse bzw. Strömungsöffnung erzielte Druckverlust ebenfalls individuell eingestellt werden.In this context, it can be provided that the nozzles provide flow paths of different lengths between the suction channel end area and the suction mouth. The nozzles can thus be of different lengths in relation to one another. As a result, the pressure loss achieved at the respective nozzle or flow opening can also be set individually.
Es empfiehlt sich des Weiteren, dass sich der Saugkanalendbereich in Richtung seiner Längserstreckung entgegen der Strömungsrichtung verjüngt. Gemäß dieser Ausführung weist der Saugkanalendbereich entlang seiner Längserstreckung kleiner werdende aufeinanderfolgende Strömungsquerschnitte auf, so dass sich der Saugkanalendbereich ausgehend von einem Gebläse bis hin zu der entlegensten Strömungsöffnung verkleinert. Die jeweiligen Zuströmpfade der Strömungsöffnungen nehmen somit eine kaskadenförmige Anordnung ein.It is also recommended that the end area of the suction channel tapers in the direction of its longitudinal extension counter to the direction of flow. According to this embodiment, the suction channel end area has successive flow cross sections that become smaller along its longitudinal extension, so that the suction channel end area becomes smaller, starting from a blower, up to the most remote flow opening. the respective Inflow paths of the flow openings thus assume a cascade-like arrangement.
Gemäß einer besonderen Ausführung wird vorgeschlagen, dass der Saugkanal zwei strömungstechnisch parallel geschaltete Saugkanalendbereiche aufweist. Insbesondere können die Längserstreckungen der beiden Saugkanalendbereiche parallel zueinander orientiert sein. Gemäß dieser Ausführung mündet jeder der beiden Saugkanalendbereiche vorzugsweise in einen eigenen Saugmund. Die Saugkanalendbereiche können voneinander beabstandet in einem Gehäuse der Saugdüse angeordnet sein. Die Saugdüse kann beispielsweise einen ersten Saugmund aufweisen, welcher in Bezug auf eine übliche Vorwärtsbewegung der Saugdüse während eines Reinigungsbetriebs vorauseilt, und einen zweiten Saugmund, welcher bezogen auf eine Fortbewegung in dazu entgegengesetzter Rückwärtsrichtung vorauseilt. Somit ermöglicht die Saugdüse in beiden entgegengesetzten Richtungen ein gleichermaßen optimales Reinigungsergebnis.According to a special embodiment, it is proposed that the suction channel has two suction channel end regions connected in parallel in terms of flow. In particular, the longitudinal extensions of the two suction channel end regions can be oriented parallel to one another. According to this embodiment, each of the two end regions of the suction channel preferably opens into its own suction mouth. The end regions of the suction channel can be arranged at a distance from one another in a housing of the suction nozzle. The suction nozzle can have, for example, a first suction mouth which leads in relation to a usual forward movement of the suction nozzle during a cleaning operation, and a second suction mouth which leads in relation to a movement in the opposite rearward direction thereto. Thus, the suction nozzle enables an equally optimal cleaning result in both opposite directions.
Des Weiteren wird vorgeschlagen, dass der Saugkanalendbereich zwei bis zehn, insbesondere drei bis fünf, Strömungsöffnungen aufweist. Je mehr Strömungsöffnungen an dem Saugkanalendbereich ausgebildet sind, desto feiner kann die Saugluftintensität an dem Saugmund eingestellt werden. Dabei empfiehlt es sich, umso mehr Strömungsöffnungen vorzusehen, je länger der Saugmund ist.Furthermore, it is proposed that the suction channel end area has two to ten, in particular three to five, flow openings. The more flow openings are formed in the suction channel end area, the finer the suction air intensity can be set at the suction mouth. It is advisable to provide more flow openings the longer the suction mouth is.
Schließlich kann vorgesehen sein, dass ein durch eine Strömungsöffnung bedingter Druckverlust mindestens fünfmal, insbesondere mindestens zehnmal, so groß ist wie ein Druckverlust innerhalb des Saugkanalendbereiches. Um einen an allen Strömungsöffnungen homogenen Volumenstrom zu erreichen, sind definierte Größen der Querschnittsflächen der Strömungsöffnungen und bestimmte Größen der Strömungsquerschnitte innerhalb des Saugkanalendbereiches erforderlich. Die Strömungsquerschnitte innerhalb des Saugkanalendbereiches sind dabei die Querschnitte, welche im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu einer Hauptströmungsrichtung orientiert sind. Für die Auslegung der Strömungsquerschnitte empfiehlt es sich, dass die Druckverluste in dem Saugkanalendbereich zumindest fünfmal kleiner, besonders bevorzugt jedoch zehnmal kleiner, sind als die Druckverluste durch die einzelnen Strömungsöffnungen. Anders ausgedrückt müssen die Strömungsöffnungen einen mindestens fünfmal, besonders bevorzugt mindestens zehnmal, größeren Druckverlust verursachen, um die Gleichverteilung der Saugluftintensität an dem Saugmund zu gewährleisten.Finally, it can be provided that a pressure loss caused by a flow opening is at least five times, in particular at least ten times, greater than a pressure loss within the suction port end area. In order to achieve a homogeneous volume flow at all flow openings, defined sizes of the cross-sectional areas of the flow openings are required and specific sizes of the flow cross-sections within the end area of the suction channel are required. The flow cross sections within the suction channel end area are the cross sections which are oriented essentially perpendicular to a main flow direction. For the design of the flow cross sections, it is recommended that the pressure losses in the suction channel end area are at least five times smaller, but particularly preferably ten times smaller, than the pressure losses through the individual flow openings. In other words, the flow openings must cause a pressure loss that is at least five times, particularly preferably at least ten times, greater in order to ensure the uniform distribution of the suction air intensity at the suction mouth.
Neben der zuvor beschriebenen Saugdüse wird mit der Erfindung des Weiteren ein Saugreinigungsgerät mit einer zuvor beschriebenen Saugdüse vorgeschlagen.In addition to the suction nozzle described above, the invention also proposes a vacuum cleaning device with a suction nozzle described above.
Das erfindungsgemäße Saugreinigungsgerät kann beispielsweise ein ausschließlich für eine Saugreinigung verwendetes Gerät sein, oder alternativ auch ein kombiniertes Saug-Wischgerät oder ein anderes Reinigungsgerät mit einer Saugfunktion. Die Saugdüse kann trennbar an einem Basisgerät des Saugreinigungsgerätes anordenbar sein, oder auch fester Bestandteil des Saugreinigungsgerätes sein. Die Saugdüse des erfindungsgemäßen Saugreinigungsgerätes ist bevorzugt mit einem oder mehreren der zuvor erläuterten Merkmale ausgestaltet. Die sich daraus ergebenden Vorteile gelten entsprechend auch für das erfindungsgemäße Saugreinigungsgerät.The suction cleaning device according to the invention can, for example, be a device used exclusively for suction cleaning, or alternatively also a combined suction-wiping device or another cleaning device with a suction function. The suction nozzle can be arranged separably on a base unit of the vacuum cleaning device, or it can also be an integral part of the vacuum cleaning device. The suction nozzle of the vacuum cleaning device according to the invention is preferably designed with one or more of the features explained above. The resulting advantages also apply accordingly to the vacuum cleaning device according to the invention.
Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- ein erfindungsgemäßes Saugreinigungsgerät mit einer Saugdüse;
- Fig. 2
- einen Teilbereich des Saugreinigungsgerätes mit der Saugdüse in einer frontalen Ansicht;
- Fig. 3
- eine Ansicht von oben in die Saugdüse, skizziert;
- Fig. 4
- eine Explosionsdarstellung der Saugdüse;
- Fig. 5
- einen Teilbereich des in
Fig. 3 dargestellten Saugkanalendbereiches; - Fig. 6
- einen Teilbereich des in
Fig. 3 dargestellten Saugkanalendbereiches aus einer anderen Perspektive; - Fig. 7
- eine Unteransicht eines Teilbereiches des in
Fig. 3 dargestellten Saugkanalendbereiches.
- 1
- a vacuum cleaning device according to the invention with a suction nozzle;
- 2
- a partial area of the vacuum cleaning device with the suction nozzle in a frontal view;
- 3
- a top view of the suction nozzle, outlined;
- 4
- an exploded view of the suction nozzle;
- figure 5
- a part of the in
3 shown Saugkanalendbereiches; - 6
- a part of the in
3 shown Saugkanalendbereichs from a different perspective; - 7
- a bottom view of a portion of the in
3 shown suction channel end area.
Die Saugdüse 1 weist ein Gehäuse 19 mit einem Verbindungsbereich 20 auf, an welchem das Basisgerät 14 des Saugreinigungsgerätes 2 angeschlossen werden kann. Innerhalb des Gehäuses 19 ist ein Saugkanal 3 geführt, welcher eine Strömungsverbindung zu der Motor-Gebläse-Einheit des Saugreinigungsgerätes 2 bereitstellt. Der Saugkanal 3 weist hier beispielsweise zwei Saugkanalendbereiche 4, 5 auf, welche an jeweils einen Saugmund 6 angeschlossen sind. Die in
Die Querschnittsflächen der Strömungsöffnungen 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 weisen hier beispielsweise folgende Größen auf:
Die
Das Verhältnis zwischen den Druckverlusten in den Saugkanalendbereichen 4, 5 und den Druckverlusten der Strömungsöffnungen 7, 8, 9 bzw. 10, 11, 12 beträgt hier ungefähr 1:5, wobei der Druckverlust der Strömungsöffnungen 7 bis 9 ungefähr 700 Pa beträgt und der Druckverlust im Saugkanalendbereich 4, 5 ungefähr 150 Pa, bei einem Volumenstrom von 16 1/s verteilt auf die drei Strömungsöffnungen 7, 8, 9 bzw. 10, 11, 12. Die Strömungsöffnungen 7 bis 12 weisen somit einen Druckverlust auf, welcher ungefähr fünfmal größer ist als der Druckverlust in dem Saugkanalendbereich 4, 5. Diese Auslegung ermöglicht innerhalb des Saugmunds 6 eine Saugluftintensität, welche homogener über den Saugmund 6 verteilt ist, als dies bei einem nur endseitigen Anschluss des Saugkanalendbereiches 4, 5 an den Saugmund 6 der Fall wäre.The ratio between the pressure losses in the suction
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausbildung eines Saugkanalendbereiches 4, 5 als Verteilerkanal zwischen dem Anschlussbereich 21 und mehreren zu dem jeweiligen Saugmund 6 weisenden Strömungsöffnungen 7 bis 9 bzw. 10 bis 12 kann eine homogene Saugluftintensität an dem Saugmund 6 erreicht werden. Die durch den Saugmund 6 eingesaugte Luft strömt derart durch die Strömungsöffnungen 7 bis 9 bzw. 10 bis 12 in den Saugkanalendbereich 4 bzw. 5 ein, dass ein durch die jeweils am weitesten von dem Anschlussbereich 21 entfernte Strömungsöffnung 7 bzw. 10 in den Saugkanalendbereich 4 bzw. 5 strömender Strömungsanteil an den benachbarten Strömungsöffnungen 8, 9 bzw. 11, 12 vorbeiströmt, so dass sich kaskadenförmige Strömungspfade in Richtung des Anschlussbereiches 21 ergeben. Dies ermöglicht in Kombination mit den sich in Richtung der entlegensten Strömungsöffnungen 7, 10 verjüngenden Saugkanalendbereichen 4, 5 sowie deren Endbereichsquerschnitten 22 bis 30 und den Größen der Strömungsöffnungen 7 bis 12 eine individuelle Auslegung der Saugkanalendbereiche 4, 5, so dass je nach der Form und Größe des in dem Gehäuse 19 der Saugdüse 1 zur Verfügung stehenden Bauraums eine Homogenität der Saugluftintensität an dem Saugmund 6 erreicht werden kann.
Claims (10)
- Suction nozzle (1) for a suction cleaning device (2), the suction nozzle (1) having a suction channel (3) for connection to a fan of a suction cleaning device (2), a suction channel end region (4, 5) of the suction channel (3) opening into an elongate suction mouth (6), the longitudinal extension of which is oriented transversely to a main direction of movement of the suction nozzle (1), the suction channel end region (4, 5) having a plurality of flow openings (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12) opening into the suction mouth (6) which are connected in a cascade form such that a first flow portion, flowing from the suction mouth (6) through a first flow opening (7, 10) into the suction channel end region (4, 5), flows, inside the suction channel end region (4, 5), past a second flow opening (8, 9, 11, 12) of the suction channel end region (4, 5), the first flow portion and a second flow portion that flows through the second flow opening (8, 9, 11, 12) into the suction channel end region (4, 5) combining, characterised in that the suction channel end region (4, 5) is an end extension of the suction channel (3), the suction channel end region (4, 5) being arranged, with respect to the orientation of the suction cleaning device (2) when in a conventional use position, in a viewing direction in parallel with a surface to be cleaned and transverse to a longitudinal extension of the suction mouth (6), above the suction mouth (6) and in parallel along the suction mouth (6) between the suction mouth (6) and the suction channel (3), the suction channel (3), with respect to the viewing direction, being non-centrally connected to the suction mouth (6) and on one side being associated with an end region of the suction mouth (6), the suction channel end region (4, 5) allowing asymmetrical connection of the suction channel (3) to the suction mouth (6).
- Suction nozzle (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that the suction channel end region (4, 5) has an elongate shape, the flow openings (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12), with respect to the longitudinal direction of the suction mouth (6), opening one behind the other into the suction mouth (6).
- Suction nozzle (1) according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the flow openings (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12) have opening planes having cross-sectional areas of different sizes and/or different shapes.
- Suction nozzle (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the flow opening (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12) is part of a nozzle (13).
- Suction nozzle (1) according to claim 4, characterised in that the nozzles (13) provide flow paths of different lengths between the suction channel end region (4, 5) and the suction mouth (6).
- Suction nozzle (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the suction channel end region (4, 5) tapers in the direction of its longitudinal extension counter to the flow direction.
- Suction nozzle (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the suction channel (3) has two suction channel end regions (4, 5) connected in parallel in terms of flow, the longitudinal extensions of which are oriented in particular in parallel with one another.
- Suction nozzle (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the suction channel end region (4, 5) has two to ten, in particular three to five, flow openings (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12).
- Suction nozzle (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that a pressure loss caused by a flow opening (7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12) is at least five times, in particular at least ten times, as great as a pressure loss within the suction channel end region (4, 5).
- Suction cleaning device (2) having a suction nozzle (1) according to any of the preceding claims.
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DE102017120297.8A DE102017120297A1 (en) | 2017-09-04 | 2017-09-04 | Suction nozzle for a vacuum cleaning device |
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EP3449791B1 true EP3449791B1 (en) | 2022-05-11 |
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EP18192177.6A Active EP3449791B1 (en) | 2017-09-04 | 2018-09-03 | Suction nozzle for a suction cleaner |
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EP (1) | EP3449791B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2019042512A (en) |
CN (1) | CN109419447B (en) |
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AU594235B2 (en) * | 1987-03-30 | 1990-03-01 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Floor nozzle for vacuum cleaner |
US5123141A (en) * | 1990-02-09 | 1992-06-23 | Rexair, Inc. | Cleaning tool having airflow directing manifold for a vacuum cleaner system |
US5184372A (en) * | 1991-01-07 | 1993-02-09 | Mache Gerhard R | Vacuum assisted squeegee attachment |
KR100642076B1 (en) * | 2004-07-01 | 2006-11-10 | 삼성광주전자 주식회사 | A suction port assembly and a vacuum cleaner having the same |
US20080029671A1 (en) * | 2006-01-26 | 2008-02-07 | Innodesk Business Tools, Inc. | Spill Prevention Device |
US8621709B2 (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2014-01-07 | G.B.D. Corp. | Multi-strut cleaning head |
CA2677526C (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2013-11-26 | G.B.D. Corp. | Convertible surface cleaning apparatus |
US20080178416A1 (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2008-07-31 | G.B.D. Corp. | Surface cleaning apparatus with shoulder strap reel |
GB2471115B (en) * | 2009-06-17 | 2013-05-29 | Dyson Technology Ltd | A floor tool |
DE202013012335U1 (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2016-05-04 | Carl Freudenberg Kg | suction nozzle |
DE102014114375A1 (en) * | 2014-10-02 | 2016-04-07 | Vorwerk & Co. Interholding Gmbh | Powered brush as attachment for a vacuum cleaner |
CN106175589B (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2019-03-08 | 江苏美的清洁电器股份有限公司 | Ground brush assemblies and dust catcher |
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ES2915099T3 (en) | 2022-06-20 |
CN109419447B (en) | 2021-11-02 |
TW201919530A (en) | 2019-06-01 |
CN109419447A (en) | 2019-03-05 |
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