EP3448619A1 - Method and device for connecting two plate-like components by means of pressure welding - Google Patents
Method and device for connecting two plate-like components by means of pressure weldingInfo
- Publication number
- EP3448619A1 EP3448619A1 EP17725174.1A EP17725174A EP3448619A1 EP 3448619 A1 EP3448619 A1 EP 3448619A1 EP 17725174 A EP17725174 A EP 17725174A EP 3448619 A1 EP3448619 A1 EP 3448619A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connecting element
- welding
- tool
- cover layer
- connection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims description 67
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K28/00—Welding or cutting not covered by any of the preceding groups, e.g. electrolytic welding
- B23K28/02—Combined welding or cutting procedures or apparatus
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for connecting at least two plate-like component layers and to an apparatus for producing such a connection.
- the invention relates to a method for connecting a base layer and at least one cover layer, which comprises a topmost layer, wherein a connecting element from the at least upper layer is produced by cutting out of this.
- the separated-out connecting element is connected in a further step with the lowermost layer cohesively.
- the uppermost layer is connected axially and radially, whereby the layers are connected to each other.
- the radial connection is in particular positive and / or cohesive and / or non-positive.
- a cohesive connection in the axial direction between the connecting element and the cover layer can be provided.
- the separated out of the top layer or the connecting element is preferably rotated there and goes with the underlying component layer under contact pressure a cohesive welded connection.
- connection with the uppermost component layer can preferably take place in that a radial material-coherent connection is produced by pressure welding by means of relative movement of a welding tool.
- the originally cut-out connecting element is first welded to the lowest component layer and later to the uppermost component layer.
- the radial connection of the connecting element with the uppermost layer can be produced axially positively, in that the connecting element has an undercut geometry, which is in particular conical. If such a connecting element welded to the base layer, it can automatically be made a positive connection in the axial direction between the component layers.
- the connecting element after it has been frontally connected to the base layer, be upset. This can be done while or before the connection between the topmost topsheet and the fastener is made.
- connection of the connecting element with the uppermost cover layer can be made axially positive fit by using a pointed tool whose lateral Extending beyond the extension of the connecting element, is pressed into the connecting element. Thereby, a deformation of the connecting element and the laterally adjacent region of the cover layer is brought about, wherein the material of the connecting element slides over the material of the cover layer.
- a compound comprising a base layer and a plurality of cover layers by separating a connecting element from the uppermost cover layer in a first step and integrally joining it to an underlying further cover layer, in particular by pressure welding. Subsequently, a further separation process takes place, which separates the further cover layer together with the connected connecting element from the first cover layer from the further cover layers.
- the resulting connecting element can then be connected to the next following layer, top layer or base layer, as described above, and in this way grow in its strength until it can ensure a connection from top cover layer to base layer. In this way, the axial extent of the connecting element is always adapted to the overall strength of the component composite.
- the separation of the connecting element can take place in two stages.
- a first separation step can separate the connecting element over a large part of its thickness from the surrounding cover layer, wherein in a second separating step, the connecting element is completely separated by a relative movement with respect to the cover layer.
- the relative movement to the final release of the connecting element may be the same relative movement, as provided for the pressure welding operation.
- the intended for the separation process tool separates the connecting body preferably in a non-cutting process from the top layer.
- a corresponding tool may comprise a laser, a cutting body or a punch body.
- a driver structure can preferably be introduced into the connecting element. This can be done in particular by deformation of the connecting element.
- the production of the driver structure in the connecting element can preferably be carried out with the same tool during the separating process. As a result, a tool change can be avoided.
- a cleaning of the base layer can take place between the separation and the integral connection of the separated-out connecting element with the base layer or an intermediate cover layer.
- the cleaning of the base layer is carried out by a material removal of small layer thickness, wherein any existing surface coatings are removed from the point at which the frontal connection of the connecting element is to take place with the base layer or an intermediate cover layer.
- the removed layer thickness is preferably chosen such that a welded connection can be made directly with the base material of the layer, since this is then blank.
- the connecting element remains in the separating tool during the cleaning process.
- the driver structures can be reshaped with a welding tool which is designed for the lateral connection of the connecting element to the surrounding cover layer in such a way that a substantially planar surface arises at the location of the connecting element.
- the invention relates to a device for connecting at least two superposed component layers, namely a base layer and at least one cover layer.
- the device comprises a separating unit for at least partial detachment of a connecting element from a first plate-like component, in particular a cover layer, and a welding device for the frontal connection of a connecting element with a further, lying under the first component layer base layer.
- a connecting element separated out of a first component layer in particular a cover layer, can be used to connect the cover layer to a base layer.
- a connection of at least two component layers can be produced without additional materials having to be introduced into the connection.
- the separation unit may have a cutting laser, a punch and / or a unit for punching by means of ultrasound and / or another cutting device for the preferred chipless cutting out a connecting element.
- a cutting laser has the advantage that an undercut geometry as a connecting element can also be removed from the cover layer. can be separated, resulting in a positive connection between the base layer and cover layer after welding of the connecting element with the base layer.
- a cutting laser can be arranged at an angle deviating from the pressing direction. In this way, a conical element can be generated.
- the cutting tool and the welding tool can be realized in a combined cutting / welding tool, which has both a drive contour and a cutting edge.
- the separation and welding step can be carried out in one operation.
- the welding tool and the joining tool can be realized in a combined welding / joining tool, which has a drive contour and a friction surface. With this combined welding ß- / joining tool can then be done in a single operation, the welding process and the connection of the connecting element with the cover layer surrounding the connecting element.
- the separation unit may comprise a parting tool having a ring cutter.
- the annular cutting edge can be equipped with a toothing, which can be corrugated, pointed, chamfered or bevelled. Furthermore, the teeth may differ in their angle to the angle of the cutting edge.
- a toothed ring cutting edge reduces the friction during the cutting process, which in turn results in a smaller heat input into the material during the cutting process.
- the cutting tool may have a coating to cleanly separate the material from each other.
- a ring cutter, or the separating tool may also have recesses in the axial direction, whereby webs can be formed between the connecting element to be cut out and the surrounding component layer.
- the device according to the invention comprises a sensor, via which the penetration path of a mechanical cutting edge can be determined.
- This sensor may be formed in a simple embodiment as a displacement sensor.
- the welding device is preferably designed for producing a pressure-welded connection.
- the welding device comprises a drive unit comprising an axial contact pressure generating unit and / or a unit for generating a relative movement between the connecting element and the second component orthogonal to the pressing direction.
- the welding device comprises a welding tool which has a drive contour for driving the connecting element up.
- the drive contour can consist of a rough surface or have raised structures on the front side, which can press into the connecting element.
- the device according to the invention may further comprise a joining device for connecting the first plate-like component to the connecting element. Due to the presence of such a joining device, a certain independence from the shape of the connecting element to be separated out can be achieved.
- a connecting element in the form of a cylindrical pin which does not provide a support structure on its own, can also be connected to the cover layer.
- the joining device may comprise a joining tool with a frontal friction surface. As a result, a deformation of the surface can take place under contact pressure and relative movement with heating, so that a cohesive connection between connecting element and cover layer is produced.
- a connection can be made by means of laser assistance.
- the joining device may comprise an embossing die, which causes a plastic deformation of the connecting element and its surrounding component position by means of contact pressure, so that a positive connection in the axial direction is formed.
- the separation unit may be formed as a mechanical separation unit. It may comprise a parting tool with which a separation of the connecting element from the surrounding cover layer takes place under rotation and contact pressure.
- the separation unit comprises in particular a drive unit, which may have a contact force generating unit and / or a unit which can perform a movement, preferably transversely and in particular orthogonal, to the pressing direction.
- the production of a welded joint is also conceivable only by the contact force generating unit, which can provide a corresponding heat input for producing the welded connection, in particular via an oscillating axial movement and / or pressing force change.
- the separation unit and the pressure welding device can use a common drive unit, in particular comprising a common force generating unit for generating the contact pressure.
- An existing joining device may also preferably use the common drive unit, comprising a force-generating device.
- a changing device may be provided for connecting the separating tools and / or joining tools and / or welding tools to the drive unit.
- the device according to the invention may comprise a cleaning unit for cleaning the welding area for the frontal connection with the connecting element of the lower component layer, with which the connecting element is to be welded.
- the cleaning unit may be configured as a mechanical cleaning unit and comprise a cleaning tool, the cleaning, ie the removal of a surface coating, taking place under pressure and relative movement of the cleaning tool to the cleaning component layer.
- the cleaning tool can be connected via interchangeable module with the common drive unit.
- the base area of the cleaning tool is smaller than the base area or equal to the base area of the connecting element.
- the extent of the cleaning tool surface is dependent on the provided relative movement in the radial direction, orthogonal to the pressing direction.
- a milling cutter preferably with a cooling hole
- Compressed air can be applied to the cooling hole to better remove worn surface particles.
- an extraction via the holes is conceivable.
- the cleaning unit can also be configured in the form of a laser, which can be embodied in particular in unit with the separation laser.
- the device comprises a control unit, which is set up to carry out the method described above.
- the device according to the invention may preferably have a hold-down device. This can prevent slippage of the layers during the connection process.
- FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a first process step of the method according to the invention for connecting two plate-like components
- FIG. 2 shows a sectional view during the end-side welding of the separated-out element
- Fig. 3 is a sectional view after the welding of the separated-out element
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic illustration of a device according to the invention for connecting two plate-like components
- Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a combined cutting / welding tool
- FIG. 8a is a perspective view of a combined welding ß- / joining tool
- Fig. 8b is a sectional view of a combined welding ß- / joining tool before
- FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a connection made with a sharp joining tool.
- connection device 10 comprises a holding-down device 16 and a combined separating / welding tool 18
- the combined cutting / welding tool 18 is just placed on the cover layer 12, which is pressed by the hold-down 16 to the base layer 14.
- the combined separating / welding tool 18 has for this purpose a cutting edge 20 and a driver structure 22.
- FIG. 2 shows the sectional view while a connecting element 24 cut out of the cover layer 12 under rotation and pressure forms a friction-welded connection with the base layer 14 on the face side.
- a connecting element 24 is at least partially cut out of the cover layer.
- the driving structure 22 is pressed into the upper side of the resulting connecting element 24 by the axial movement of the combined separating / welding tool 18.
- the connecting element 24, which has already been partially cut out is completely released from the cover layer 12 and, under axial pressure and rotation, forms a cohesive friction-welded connection with the base layer 14.
- FIG. 3 shows the composite of components formed after completion of the end-side welding of the connecting element 24 with the base layer 14, wherein the hold-down 16 holds the cover layer 12 and the base layer 14 relative to one another after the combined separating / welding tool 18 has been removed from the connecting parts ,
- the connecting element 24 produced in the preceding step is now connected to the base layer 14 via a friction welding zone 26.
- FIG. 4 shows the cover layer 12 and the base layer 14 with the welded connection element 24, wherein a joining tool 28 is introduced within the hold-down 16 and, as shown here, is placed on the surface of the cover layer 12.
- the joining tool 28 is provided in its bearing surface with a larger radius than the combined cutting / welding tool (as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2).
- the joining tool 28 thus projects beyond the cut edges in the cover layer 12 and is thus able, under rotation and pressure, to again cohesively connect the interfaces with the material of the cover layer 12 surrounding the connecting element 24.
- FIG. 5 now results in a material connection of the connecting element 24 with the cover layer 12 and a frontally welded connection of the connecting element 24 with the base bearing 14.
- FIG. 6 shows schematically a device 30 for producing a component connection according to the invention between a cover layer 12 and a base layer 14.
- the inventive device 30 comprises a C-bracket 32 and a hold-down 34, between which the components to be connected 12, 14 are clamped to their connection. Furthermore, the device 30 comprises a drive unit 36, which essentially comprises a motor M1 for generating an axial movement for a tool required for the production of the connection, and a motor M2 for generating a rotational movement for the tool required for the production of the connection. Furthermore, the drive unit 36 comprises a coupling element 40 for connecting the drive unit 36 with the tool.
- the tool can be used as needed based on the process section.
- Fig. 6 a state before the separation of the connecting element is shown.
- a joining tool 28 for producing a radial welded connection or a pointed joining tool 44 for producing a positive connection between the uppermost cover layer 12 and the connecting element can be inserted into the coupling element 40.
- a connection made by a pointed joining tool is explained in more detail in FIG. 9.
- a cleaning tool 38 can also be connected. With the cleaning tool 38, a coating of a cover layer or base layer 14 in the connection region of the separated-out connecting element with the corresponding component position can be removed.
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of a separating / welding tool 18 in a perspective view.
- Good to recognize in this representation is the three radially extending elevations 42 GE. formed cam carrier 22.
- These surveys 42 press during the cutting process in the material of the cover layer and can therefore provide for the transmission of the necessary for the friction welding rotational movement to the end-side connection of the separate connecting element with the base layer.
- the welding / joining tool 46 comprises a drive region 48, on which raised drive structures 50 are provided, which press on the at least partially severed connecting element in its upper side when placed on ,
- the drive region 48 is offset in the axial direction with respect to a joining region 52, which is designed in the form of an annular surface. In this way, the joining area does not touch the upper side of the cover layer until the connecting element is sufficiently pressed against a lower layer.
- FIG. 8 b shows a sectional view of the combined welding / joining tool 46 according to FIG. 8 a, comprising a drive region 48, which has drive structures 50. Furthermore, the combined welding / joining tool 46 comprises a joining region 52, in particular in the form of an annular friction surface.
- the combined welding / joining tool 46 is shown in a process step before it engages in the already partially separated by a cutting tool from the cover layer 12 connecting element 24 and this finally completely separated under rotation and in a single operation with the base layer 14 and with help of the joining region 52 is welded radially to the cover layer 12.
- FIG. 9 shows a connection produced with the aid of a pointed joining tool 44 according to FIG. 6, whereby a displacement of material of the connecting element 24 out of its center over the cover layer 12 takes place through the pointed joining tool 44, so that an axial positive connection is created.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
- Standing Axle, Rod, Or Tube Structures Coupled By Welding, Adhesion, Or Deposition (AREA)
- Connection Of Plates (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102016107961.8A DE102016107961A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2016-04-28 | Method and device for connecting two plate-like components |
PCT/EP2017/060303 WO2017186962A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2017-04-28 | Method and device for connecting two plate-like components by means of pressure welding |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3448619A1 true EP3448619A1 (en) | 2019-03-06 |
Family
ID=58765805
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17725174.1A Pending EP3448619A1 (en) | 2016-04-28 | 2017-04-28 | Method and device for connecting two plate-like components by means of pressure welding |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3448619A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102016107961A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2017186962A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102019122224A1 (en) * | 2019-08-19 | 2021-02-25 | Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for processing components and method for operating the device |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3495321A (en) * | 1965-07-07 | 1970-02-17 | Walker Mfg Co | Method of making a connection |
JP2002066757A (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2002-03-05 | Toyota Motor Corp | Joining method by friction welding, joining tool and joining body |
JP4507743B2 (en) * | 2004-07-27 | 2010-07-21 | マツダ株式会社 | Friction welding method and apparatus |
DE102006053800A1 (en) * | 2006-11-15 | 2008-05-21 | Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg | Friction welding connection of two superimposed flat components |
CN201055938Y (en) * | 2007-02-16 | 2008-05-07 | 北京石油化工学院 | Underwater steel construction crackle friction stitch welding renovation equipment |
DE102007021891A1 (en) * | 2007-05-10 | 2008-11-13 | Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for producing a friction-welded connection and design of the friction-welded connection |
DE102009038697A1 (en) * | 2009-08-24 | 2011-03-17 | Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg | Device for connecting at least two plates |
DE102010017550A1 (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2011-12-29 | Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg | Connecting element for a friction-welded connection for connecting at least two plate-like components |
-
2016
- 2016-04-28 DE DE102016107961.8A patent/DE102016107961A1/en active Pending
-
2017
- 2017-04-28 EP EP17725174.1A patent/EP3448619A1/en active Pending
- 2017-04-28 WO PCT/EP2017/060303 patent/WO2017186962A1/en active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102016107961A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
WO2017186962A1 (en) | 2017-11-02 |
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Owner name: EJOT SE & CO. KG |