EP3438369B1 - Insulation lamella structure with split lamellas and method for installing the same - Google Patents
Insulation lamella structure with split lamellas and method for installing the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3438369B1 EP3438369B1 EP18185477.9A EP18185477A EP3438369B1 EP 3438369 B1 EP3438369 B1 EP 3438369B1 EP 18185477 A EP18185477 A EP 18185477A EP 3438369 B1 EP3438369 B1 EP 3438369B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lamella
- insulation
- lamellas
- split
- length
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 title claims description 358
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 191
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011490 mineral wool Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
- E04D13/1687—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure the insulating material having provisions for roof drainage
- E04D13/1693—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure the insulating material having provisions for roof drainage the upper surface of the insulating material forming an inclined surface
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/16—Insulating devices or arrangements in so far as the roof covering is concerned, e.g. characterised by the material or composition of the roof insulating material or its integration in the roof structure
- E04D13/1606—Insulation of the roof covering characterised by its integration in the roof structure
- E04D13/1662—Inverted roofs or exteriorly insulated roofs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/17—Ventilation of roof coverings not otherwise provided for
- E04D13/172—Roof insulating material with provisions for or being arranged for permitting ventilation of the roof covering
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an insulation lamella structure according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the invention furthermore relates to a method of laying an insulation lamella structure on a supporting base layer, and to the use of an insulation lamella.
- a layer of insulation is provided on a supporting layer of e.g. concrete, lightweight concrete or profiled steel plates.
- a layer of insulation is provided on a supporting layer of e.g. concrete, lightweight concrete or profiled steel plates.
- the insulation roof covering means such as roofing felt or foil is positioned, forming the exterior of the roof.
- US 6,105,324 discloses rigid panel units for a roofing saddle, where the panel units are hinged together by means of for example tape or heavy felt.
- the increased cost-efficiency aimed at is attained in that the insulation lamella(s) of the insulation lamella structure can be transported and handled, for instance carried onto the roof structure, while in the unfolded state. Once the folded insulation lamella has been brought to its intended position, it is unfolded to reach the mounted condition. Depending on the number of lamella parts provided in each insulation lamella, only half or less of the number of lamellas need to be handled as compared to the prior art. Furthermore, installing an insulation lamella structure of low thickness is facilitated compared to prior art structures having pre-cut lamellas requiring cutting-through before installation.
- the thin neck is made from the same material as the rest of the insulation lamella. This makes it easier to produce the lamella.
- the insulation lamellas are of a fibrous material, wherein fibres of the two or more insulation lamellas are adapted to extend substantially perpendicularly to the base plane when positioned on the base layer. This may apply both to the insulation lamellas and/or the lamella parts.
- the fibrous material may be mineral wool such as glass wool or stone wool. A fibre structure like this will make it very easy to cut the lamella along the fibres as this is often needed when installing.
- the insulation lamellas are according to the invention cut from a slab of fibrous mineral material with slab top surface and slab bottom surface whereby the insulation lamellas have opposite production surfaces constituted by slab top surface and slab bottom surface and wherein the insulation lamellas are adapted for the production surfaces to extend vertically in the mounted position of the insulation lamellas.
- the slab may be produced by a known method, e.g. as disclosed in EP0133083B1 and the corresponding DK157309B , US4632685 , and US4964978 cf. below, between conveyors forming the by slab top surface and slab bottom surface which accordingly may be designated "production surfaces".
- the insulation lamellas have said length, said width and a height and in an embodiment the ratio between the length and at least one of the width and the height is more than 3, preferably more than 5, and more preferably more than 10.
- the length is designated "length" because it represents the major dimension of the insulation lamella.
- the compressive strength of said insulation lamella in a direction perpendicular to said base plane may be above 30 kPa, preferably between 45-70 kPa. It is understood that compressive strength is measured at 10% deformation according to the standard EN13162 Thermal Insulation products for buildings - Factory made mineral wool (MW) products. This compressive strength makes it possible to walk on the lamella, and thereby easy to work with. Additionally, using lamellas with a high compressive strength as seen in a direction perpendicularly to the base plane will also increase the insulation's ability to carry a snow load.
- the insulation lamella in a folded state may be provided with at least one second split in addition to said at least one first split from the respective opposite side of where said at least one first split is provided, such that fanfolds and at least three lamella parts are created.
- the fanfold of three or more lamella parts can make it easier to keep track on installing the many lamella parts correctly.
- One or both lamella parts at the end of the fanfold may also have an inclining second side or first side when in a folded state.
- the at least one edge of at least one insulation lamella may be cut, such as by chamfering or filleting.
- the cut can also be rectangular as opposed to the triangular shape of chamfering or rounded inwards as opposed to the outwards rounded edge of filleting.
- a ventilation channel is created.
- the insulation lamella or lamella part is adapted to be positioned such that the chamfered edge is positioned in the top surface of the insulation structure.
- the air channel can be used for passively or actively ventilating the roof in order to dry out any moist that may need to vacate the roof.
- the insulation lamella may be provided with at least one air channel recess in each lamella part, extending substantially perpendicularly in relation to the length of the insulation lamella and placed substantially directly opposite each other, such that when the insulation lamella is in an unfolded state an air channel is extending across the lamella parts.
- This air channel recess will connect the air channels that extends along the length of the insulation lamella.
- the insulation structure may be interrupted by an opening or a reservation for an element, such as a sky light or a chimney.
- an element such as a sky light or a chimney.
- this may create a cut off lamella piece, and this cut off insulation lamella or lamella part may be used on the opposite side of the opening for the element. Thereby less waste is created, and the installation time for insulating the roof around the element is reduced as the construction worker only have to measure and perform one precise cut making the interrupted lamella fit the element, and then proceed with installing in a staggered pattern at the other side of the element.
- the insulation structure may be provided with a grid of connected air channels in the opposing top surface of the insulation structure.
- air channels usually when air channels only extend in one direction, it is best to position the air channels running from east/west instead of north/south. Thereby the roof is better ventilated because the wind often comes from west, at least in northern Europe.
- the channels extend in both directions there is no need to plan the orientation of the air channels as any position is as good as another.
- the grid of connected air channels makes it very likely that a vent placed in one side of the roof will be in air channel connection with another vent placed at the opposite side of the roof. This makes it possible to passively ventilate the whole roof using the pressure difference created by the wind.
- the invention also relates to a method, according to claim 11, of laying an insulation lamella structure on a supporting base layer, comprising the steps of:
- the unfolding may involve placing a laying device, such as a fork, in the split of the insulation lamella, and rotate one part of the lamella 180 degrees in relation to the adjacent part of the lamella.
- a laying device such as a fork
- a further object of the invention is the use, according to claim 13, of a lamella of the type described above, which is able to assume a folded state and un unfolded state, wherein in the folded state the lamella is provided with at least one split along the length, providing at least two lamella parts each having a first and a second side extending along a length of the lamella part, the first side facing the at least one first split in a folded state, the second side opposing the first side and the at least two lamella parts in a folded state are attached to each other along the length by a thin neck.
- the neck acts as a rotation axis allowing folding and unfolding the lamella without separation of the lamella parts.
- the insulation lamella structure 11 may form part of an insulation structure 111 together with a separate pressure distributing layer, in the following referred to as pressure distributing board 7, as shown in for instance Figs. 9 and 11C .
- a separate pressure distributing layer in the following referred to as pressure distributing board 7, as shown in for instance Figs. 9 and 11C .
- One or more boards may be present in the pressure distributing layer.
- the insulation lamella structure 11 is constituted by a number of lamellas 1, and first, the manufacturing and handling of various embodiments of an insulation lamella 1 will be described in some detail.
- the lamella parts 2a and 2b are in a process of being rotated 180 degrees in relation to each other and thereby being rotated 90 degrees each in relation to the upper surface of a base layer 20 and a base plane, BP(x,y) (to be described in further detail with reference to Figs 13A-D ).
- Fig. 1C the insulation lamella 1 has been tipped into an unfolded state, and the sides 4a, 4b of the lamella part sides that faced each other in the folded state and that were created by the cutting of a split 9 (cf. Fig. 1A ) are now constituting a base side 15 of the unfolded insulation lamella 1.
- the base side 15 is thus positioned parallel to the base plane BP(x,y) and facing the base layer 20.
- the sides 5a, 5b of the lamella parts opposing the sides 4a, 4b is in the unfolded state facing upwards and constituting the top side 16 of the unfolded insulation lamella 1.
- a cleft 10 is positioned perpendicularly to the base plane BP(x,y) facing upwards in the unfolded state. It can be seen that in the unfolded state, the fibres in the insulation lamella parts 2a and 2b are extending substantially perpendicularly to the upper surface of the base layer 20.
- the insulation lamella 1 has a first outermost edge 17a and a second outermost edge 17b wherein both the first and the second outermost edges extend along the length and along the top side 16 of the insulation lamella 1.
- Figs. 2A-2C one lamella part 2b is rotated 180 degrees in relation to the base plane BP(x,y) and instead the lamella part sides 4a, 4b that faced each other and that were created by the split 9 are now positioned parallel to the upper surface of the base layer 20 facing away from the base layer 20.
- the cleft 10 is now separating the lamella parts as the thin neck 3 was torn by the rotating motion, and the cleft 10 is now positioned perpendicularly to the upper surface of the base layer 20.
- the cleft 10 would have been facing only downwards in the unfolded state had the thin neck 3 not been torn.
- the sides 5a, 5b of the lamella parts opposing the sides 4a, 4b are in the unfolded state facing downwards and constituting the base side 15 of the unfolded insulation lamella 1.
- the insulation lamella 1 has a length 14 extending in a generally longitudinal direction and a width 12, the width extending in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction.
- the insulation lamella 1 also has a thickness or height as will be described in further detail below.
- the length is larger than the width and larger than the height.
- the ratio between the length and at least one of the width and the height may be more than 3, preferably more than 5, and even more than 10.
- Such a lamella may be produced of fibres by means of the process described in EP0133083B1 and the corresponding DK157309B , US4632685 , and US4964978 .
- the insulation lamella 1 may be produced by means of other processes and materials. As can be seen in the figure, it is mainly the core that has an isotropic structure of the fibres, while in the top and bottom of the lamella 1, the fibres are generally parallel to the top and bottom surface of the lamella 1. The isotropic structure contributes to a higher compressive strength of the lamella 1.
- the lamella 1 is preferably produced in this way and has a substantially isotropic structure.
- the loops are small and well dispersed through the mass or core of the product whereas the fibres on the faces of the product constitute layers which are virtually free from loops.
- the felt thus produced is far more isotropic and has a larger resistance to compression, the felt does provide different compressive strength in different directions as it will be well known to the person skilled in the art.
- the slabs thus produced will have opposing surfaces namely a slab top surface and a slab bottom surface at which the structure of the material of the slab is different from the structure of the material at the core of the slab, since, as explained above, the fibres of the slab top surface and the slab bottom surface during production were in contact with the conveyors. Accordingly, the slab top surface and the slab bottom surface, and parts thereof, are herein designated "production surfaces”.
- an insulation lamella of glass wool will provide for better cohesion of the two or more lamella parts joined together by a thin neck as described in the above, since the longer fibres of glass wool will tend to keep the thin neck intact after unfolding the lamella, thus avoiding the more brittle properties of stone wool. That is, rather than having torn the thin neck 3 as described in connection with Figs 2A to 2C in the above, the two lamella parts 2a and 2b will remain together as a single unit which is an advantage in case the insulation lamella 1 needs to be moved during installation.
- the thin neck 3 is made from the same material as the remaining parts of the insulation lamella 1.
- Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a slab of insulation 6 that has been cut into a number of lamellas 1, and each of the lamellas 1 has furthermore been divided into two lamella parts 2 by cutting a split 9, almost all the way through the slab 6, leaving a thin neck 3.
- the lamellas 1 have production surfaces 28.
- cutting the slab 6 into lamellas 1, the lamellas 1 obtain as top and bottom, part of the slab top surface and a slab bottom surface (which are production surfaces), and the thin neck 3 provided by the cutting indicated in Fig. 4 will be provided by the material of one of the slab top surface and the slab bottom surface depending on whether the slab has been turned upside-down or not prior to cutting.
- the part of the slab 6 where the thin neck is located can be with another structure of the same kind of material to provide any one of the configurations of the thin neck 3 described in the above.
- Fig. 5 it is shown how the slab of insulation 6 can be cut into lamellas 1 and how the lamellas 1 are divided into lamella parts 2 by using a circular saw 30 making a partial cut in the form of a split 9. Other means of cutting may be used as well.
- the slab 6 has an overall layer structure as indicated by curved lines in Fig. 5 , the curved lines indicating the layers 29.
- a slab of insulation 6 as seen in Fig. 5 can, as indicated, be produced as described in EP0133083B1 and the corresponding DK157309B , US4632685 , and US4964978 or by other processes.
- it is mainly the core that has an isotropic structure of the fibres and where many fibres are layered in a generally perpendicular direction in relation to the top and bottom surface (production surfaces 28) of the slab 6, whilst in the top and bottom of the slab 6, the fibres are layered in a generally parallel direction in relation to the top and bottom surface of the slab 6.
- Fig. 5 shows the principle of the fibre layers along the lamella as an indefinite number of layers 29 and Figs. 16a and 16b shows the principle of one fibre layer being unfolded and its relation to the neck 3. This is only a principle drawings of the layers as the isotropic fibre structure also has many fibres going in all other directions and binding the layered structure together.
- the hinge is made of fibres and fibre layers that are more parallel to slab surface, the fibres and fibre layers are bending 180 degrees when opening the split and unfolding the lamella (as shown in fig. 16a ).
- a typical lamella with a hinge constituted by fibres and fibre layers parallel to the slab surface has durability for several repeated cycles of unfolding and folding the lamella. This can be very useful in a mounting situation until the lamella is finally fixed in a construction. Even at demolishment of the construction the intact hinge can provide a faster pace of collecting the insulation for re-use or upcycling.
- Figs 6A-C shows a first embodiment of a tapered lamella.
- the lamella 1 is not tapered in its folded state as can be seen in Fig. 6A .
- the insulation lamella 1 is provided with a split 9 along the length 14 of the insulation lamella 1 at an angle to a base layer 20 where in this embodiment the lamella has been placed in its folded state.
- the lamella parts 2a and 2b has two first sides 4a and 4b opposing the second sides 5a and 5b. At side 4b and the opposing side 5b it is indicated how the two opposite sides of the lamella part 2b is arranged with an inclination ⁇ .
- the lamella parts 2a and 2b are each turned 90 degrees with the centre of rotation being the thin neck 3 that connects the two lamella parts. Also shown are the two first sides 4a and 4b and the opposing the second sides 5a and 5b.
- a tapered lamella 1 In its unfolded state in Fig. 6C this results in a tapered lamella 1, having sloping top side 16, with the inclination ⁇ in relation to the base side 15 of the lamella 1 that may be used for creating a sloping opposing top surface 19 of the insulation lamella structure 11 (cf. Fig 9 ).
- a first outermost edge 17a and a second outermost edge 17b are present on each insulation lamella 1.
- Each outermost edge 17a, 17b extends in the longitudinal direction of each insulation lamella 1, i.e. along the length 14.
- reference numeral 8 indicates that the two outermost edges 17a, 17b are adapted to be cut along the length of the lamella to provide a chamfered or filleted edge, in the following referred to as chamfered edge 8.
- chamfered edge 8 indicates that the two outermost edges 17a, 17b are adapted to be cut along the length of the lamella to provide a chamfered or filleted edge, in the following referred to as chamfered edge 8.
- chamfered edge 8 indicates that the two outermost edges 17a, 17b are adapted to be cut along the length of the lamella to provide a chamfered or filleted edge, in the following referred to as chamfered edge 8.
- Figs 7A-C show a second embodiment of a lamella 1 being tapered in its unfolded state.
- One lamella part 2b is rotated 180 degrees in relation to the base plane BP(x,y) on the base layer 20, where in this embodiment the lamella 1 has been placed in its folded state.
- the lamella part sides 4a, 4b that faced each other and that were created by the cutting of split 9 are now positioned with an inclination to the base plane facing away from the base layer 20.
- the cleft 10 is positioned perpendicularly to the upper surface of the base layer 20 facing downwards in the unfolded state.
- the insulation lamella 1 of the second embodiment comprises top side 16 and base side 15.
- the chamfered edges 8 are positioned at the upper edges along the length of the lamella 1 in the unfolded state resulting in an air channel 24 (cf. Figs 15A and 15B ), cf. in this regard Figs 6C and 7C .
- Figs 8A-D show a third embodiment of an insulation lamella 1 being tapered in its unfolded state.
- Fig. 8A shows the lamella 1 in a folded state, the lamella standing upright on a supporting base layer 20 with the side 5a facing the base layer and the opposing side 4a facing an inclined cut constituting a first split 9a.
- the side 4a is provided with an inclination in relation to side 5a.
- the lamella 1 is in addition to the inclined first split 9a, provided with a second split 9b parallel to the side 5a.
- the split 9b is cut from the opposite side 21b than where the inclined cut creating split 9a opens on to, i.e.
- Fig. 8B it can be seen how the first lamella part 2a remains at the same position, lamella part 2b rotates 180 degrees with the centre of rotation being the thin neck 3a between lamella part 2a and lamella part 2b, and the third lamella part 2c is not rotated but merely positioned on the supporting base layer as lamella part 2b rotates 180 degrees in relation to lamella part 2c, around the thin neck 3b.
- the lamella part 2c is furthermore provided with a tapered face positioned parallel to or substantially parallel to the partial cut at the first split 9a.
- the lamella 1 is provided with first and second outermost edges 17a and 17b, in the embodiment shown adapted to be filleted or chamfered as indicated by reference numeral 8 to provide chamfered edges 8.
- one chamfered edge 8 positioned along the length of the lamella 1 is provided at the outermost edge 17a of the lamella 1 at the surface 16 facing upwards in the unfolded state, while the other two chamfered edges 8 are facing each other in the cleft 10 creating an air channel 24 (cf. Figs.15A and 15B ).
- Fig. 9 shows the insulation lamella 1 shown in Figs. 7A-C used in an insulation lamella structure 11, where an inclined opposing top surface 19 is created.
- the second, or middle, and third, or right-hand, lamellas 1 as compared to the first, or left-hand, lamella 1 in Fig. 7A have been made successively taller.
- lamella parts designated 2 are made successively taller in the height direction, or wider as the case is in the embodiment in Figs. 6A-C merely because of its orientation in relation to the base plane BP(x,y) or supporting base layer 20 when placed on said layer 20 in a folded state.
- Fig. 10 shows an alternative embodiment of an insulation lamella 1 having an inclining top side 16. Also the base side 15, the length 14, the width 12 and first and second outermost edges 17a and 17b are shown in order to indicate the general configuration of a tapered lamella 1.
- a stepwise inclining top side 16 and top surface 19 of the insulation lamella structure 11 is attained through a difference in distance 23 formed by the difference in height between the base side 15 and second outermost edge 17b on one hand, and the base side 15 and an outermost edge 17c protruding at the middle of the lamella 1 and constituting the first outermost edge in terms of defining the inclination, on the other.
- the outermost edge 17c is here located in the same distance from the base side 15 as the outermost edge 17a.
- a separate top plate or pressure distributing board 7 is supported by the edges 17b and 17c such that the insulation lamella structure 11 and the pressure distributing board 7 together form the insulation structure 111.
- the pressure distributing board 7 is provided separately from the insulation lamella structure 11 and is positioned on top of the lamellas 1 to cover them substantially completely. Hence, the pressure distributing board 7 acts as a loose cover of the insulation lamella structure 11 and has an inclination corresponding to the top surface 19 of the insulation lamella structure 11, although displacing the inclination ⁇ in relation to the base plane BP(x,y).
- the hollow space between the stepwise inclining top surface 19 and the top plate in the form of pressure distributing board 7, forms a series of air channels 24.
- the edges 17b and 17c can be cut for example by chamfering in an angle corresponding the inclination ⁇ , hence supporting the pressure distributing board 7 with a larger area of the top side 16 and having air channels with a lesser cross-sectional area.
- the height of the insulation lamellas forming the lamella structure may be 200-500 mm, preferably between 300-400 mm to achieve a U-value below 0.12 W/m 2 K of the roof construction.
- Fig. 12 shows an embodiment of an insulation structure making use of the insulation lamella structure 11 according to the invention, in which the separate pressure distributing board 7 is removed for reasons of clearness in reading the drawings, typically representing a situation in which the pressure distributing board 7 has not yet been mounted.
- a number of lamellas 1 have been arranged in rows 25. Viewing the drawing from left to right, the first six rows 25 of lamellas 1 form a first section positioned on the base plane BP(x,y), i.e. directly on the supporting base layer 20.
- the next six rows 25 of lamellas 1 forming the second section are positioned on top of a plane layer 26a of insulation, and the further next six rows 25 forming the third section of lamellas 1 are positioned on top of two plane layers 26a and 26b of insulation of equal thickness.
- the six last rows 25 of lamellas 1 forming a fourth section of rows 25 are positioned on top of two plane layers 26a and 26c of insulation of unequal thickness. This provides a continuously inclining opposing surface 19 across several lamellas 1.
- the plane layers 26a, 26b, 26c of insulation may be made of other materials than insulation, as long as the different in height and the support is provided to the lamellas 1.
- a further feature apparent from this Figure is the configuration of the insulation lamella structure 11 in that the lamellas 1 form a staggered pattern, where every second row 25 of lamella 1 is offset lengthwise in relation the adjacent row 25.
- the staggered pattern can be obtained by only two lamellas being of different length, being of same length and offset lengthwise or being of different length with a lengthwise offset displacement.
- the lamellas 1 are lengthwise running across the inclination ⁇ created by the lamellas that have been cut at an angle in relation to the base plane and base layer 20 and are typically provided as in the embodiments shown in Figs 6, 7 or 8 .
- the first and the second outermost edges extends along the length of the insulation lamella.
- the length of the insulation lamella is longer than it is wide and longer than it is high.
- the staggered pattern is preferably provided by having insulation lamellas offset in relation to each other along the length of the insulation lamellas or by having a difference in the length of the insulation lamellas. This provides better production tolerances on the length of the lamella. Length tolerances for installing in a staggered pattern can be very coarse, making the lamellas easier to produce, with length cutting techniques fit for mass production, and with less unplanned interruptions of production.
- the number of different lamellas 1 may be limited, and the size of the lamellas 1 will not get difficult to handle.
- Figs 13A-D show an embodiment of an insulation lamella 1 provided with ventilation channels 24.
- the lamella is seen from two different sides.
- the split 9 is facing upwards and in Fig. 13B the split 9 is facing downwards.
- Both figures show the lamella 1 in a folded state.
- Both lamella parts 2 are provided with chamfered edges 8 extending along the edge of the lamella 1, and two air channel recesses 22 positioned substantially opposite each other, substantially perpendicularly to the length 14 and the base plane BP(x,y).
- the two air channel recesses 22 are shown as located more or less accurately opposite each other, slight variations in the positions do not hinder the air channel from functioning, even if the recess placing should drift a bit.
- Figs. 14A-B shows an embodiment of an insulation lamella structure 11 in an insulation structure 111 provided with ventilation channels 24 as seen from the front and from the side, respectively.
- the air channels 24 are formed by either the chamfered edges 8 of two lamellas 1 placed side-by-side ( Fig. 14A ) or by the recess 22 in the lamella part 2.
- the recesses 22 can be formed by other geometry of the cross-sectional area and there can be more recesses 22 per lamella 1.
- insulation lamellas 1 with tapered lamella parts 2 have been used.
- the lamellas have been covered with a pressure distributing board 7.
- the lamella parts 2 are positioned on a substantially horizontal base layer 20, where the inclining side 16 of the lamella 1 is facing upwards, creating a sloping opposing surface 19, such as a roof surface.
- a sloping opposing surface 19 such as a roof surface.
- the separate pressure distributing board 7 On top of the lamella parts 2 the separate pressure distributing board 7 has been placed.
- the lamella parts 2 are being made successively taller or wider depending on the lamella's 1 orientation in relation to the base plane BP(x,y) on the supporting base layer 20. Because of the inclined partial cut in relation to the base plane or supporting base layer 20 the sloping or inclining opposing top surface 19 is continuous.
- Fig. 15A shows an embodiment of an insulation lamella structure 11 in an insulation structure 111 provided with ventilation channels 24 as seen from above.
- the air channels 24 are extending both along the inclination, established by air channel recesses 22, and across the inclination, constituted by chamfered edges 8, of the insulation lamella structure 11.
- the insulation lamella structure 11 forms a staggered pattern, and the grid of air channels 24 can be seen as the punctured lines.
- Fig. 15B shows an embodiment of a similar insulation structure 111 as in Fig. 15A , as seen from above.
- the insulation structure 111 has been provided with openings 13, such as protruding elements in the form of chimneys, ventilation hoods, skylights or the like.
- the insulation lamellas 1 that have been cut off, may be used on the other side of the interrupting element 13 due to the staggered pattern of the insulation structure 111.
- a lamella 1 with a split 9 and a hinge or neck 3 can be placed on any supporting surface (preferably a mainly horizontal surface) and when in folded state the person mounting the lamella can initiate unfolding, by pressing at one of the outermost edges, cf. fat arrow in Fig. 17 (a) and (b) and Fig. 18 (a) , (preferably by pressing with one's foot at one end of the lamella).
- the weight and geometry of the lamella pieces constitutes how easy it is to unfold the lamella, as the center of gravity, cf. slender arrows in Fig. 18 (a) and (b) , will move in relation to the supporting edge and the hinge. Also the weight and the center of gravity of the lamella piece which is not pressed by foot constitutes how easy it is to break some of the isotropic part of the fibres in the hinge so that lamella pieces can turn in relation to the hinge, and the lamella unfold.
- insulation lamella and lamella are both used for the same element. The same applies to supporting base layer and base layer.
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Description
- The present invention relates to an insulation lamella structure according to the preamble of
claim 1. The invention furthermore relates to a method of laying an insulation lamella structure on a supporting base layer, and to the use of an insulation lamella. - When the roof structure of a warm roof, i.e. a roof where the insulation is positioned above the supporting roof layer, such as a low slope roof, is to be constructed, usually a layer of insulation is provided on a supporting layer of e.g. concrete, lightweight concrete or profiled steel plates. On top of the insulation roof covering means such as roofing felt or foil is positioned, forming the exterior of the roof.
- Transportation and handling of the lamellas during installation can be cumbersome and costly.
- It is known to provide insulation lamellas that are pre-cut which is made in order to make the product fit for a production with longitudinal conveyer belts transportation on the production site. One example of a prior art lamella is shown in
EP 2 757 208 A1 -
US 6,105,324 discloses rigid panel units for a roofing saddle, where the panel units are hinged together by means of for example tape or heavy felt. - Document
DE 101 01 929 A1 discloses an insulation lamella structure according to the preamble ofclaim 1. - With this background, it is the object of the invention to provide an insulation lamella structure by which it is possible to reduce the overall costs for manufacture, transportation and mounting.
- This and further objects are achieved in that each of the one or more insulation lamellas is able to assume a folded state and an unfolded state, wherein each of the one or more insulation lamellas is in an unfolded state in said mounted condition, and wherein said insulation lamella in a folded state is provided with at least one first split along the length providing at least two lamella parts, each lamella part having a first side and a second side extending along a length of the lamella part, the first side facing the at least one first split in a folded state, the second side opposing the first side and the second side being arranged substantially parallel and with a distance to the first side, said distance being substantially equal for the at least two lamella parts, wherein the at least two lamella parts in a folded state are attached to each other along the length by a thin neck, the at least two lamella parts each being adapted to be turned substantially 180 degrees in relation to the adjacent lamella part, the centre of rotation being the thin neck, such that at least one first side of at least one lamella part, or its opposing second side on the same lamella part, is positioned substantially in parallel to the base plane in the unfolded state.
- In this manner, the increased cost-efficiency aimed at is attained in that the insulation lamella(s) of the insulation lamella structure can be transported and handled, for instance carried onto the roof structure, while in the unfolded state. Once the folded insulation lamella has been brought to its intended position, it is unfolded to reach the mounted condition. Depending on the number of lamella parts provided in each insulation lamella, only half or less of the number of lamellas need to be handled as compared to the prior art. Furthermore, installing an insulation lamella structure of low thickness is facilitated compared to prior art structures having pre-cut lamellas requiring cutting-through before installation.
- The thin neck is made from the same material as the rest of the insulation lamella. This makes it easier to produce the lamella.
- The insulation lamellas are of a fibrous material, wherein fibres of the two or more insulation lamellas are adapted to extend substantially perpendicularly to the base plane when positioned on the base layer. This may apply both to the insulation lamellas and/or the lamella parts. The fibrous material may be mineral wool such as glass wool or stone wool. A fibre structure like this will make it very easy to cut the lamella along the fibres as this is often needed when installing.
- The insulation lamellas are according to the invention cut from a slab of fibrous mineral material with slab top surface and slab bottom surface whereby the insulation lamellas have opposite production surfaces constituted by slab top surface and slab bottom surface and wherein the insulation lamellas are adapted for the production surfaces to extend vertically in the mounted position of the insulation lamellas.
- The slab may be produced by a known method, e.g. as disclosed in
EP0133083B1 and the correspondingDK157309B US4632685 , andUS4964978 cf. below, between conveyors forming the by slab top surface and slab bottom surface which accordingly may be designated "production surfaces". - The insulation lamellas have said length, said width and a height and in an embodiment the ratio between the length and at least one of the width and the height is more than 3, preferably more than 5, and more preferably more than 10. Thus the length is designated "length" because it represents the major dimension of the insulation lamella.
- The compressive strength of said insulation lamella in a direction perpendicular to said base plane may be above 30 kPa, preferably between 45-70 kPa. It is understood that compressive strength is measured at 10% deformation according to the standard EN13162 Thermal Insulation products for buildings - Factory made mineral wool (MW) products. This compressive strength makes it possible to walk on the lamella, and thereby easy to work with. Additionally, using lamellas with a high compressive strength as seen in a direction perpendicularly to the base plane will also increase the insulation's ability to carry a snow load.
- In a further embodiment the insulation lamella in a folded state may be provided with at least one second split in addition to said at least one first split from the respective opposite side of where said at least one first split is provided, such that fanfolds and at least three lamella parts are created. The fanfold of three or more lamella parts can make it easier to keep track on installing the many lamella parts correctly. One or both lamella parts at the end of the fanfold may also have an inclining second side or first side when in a folded state.
- In a further embodiment, the at least one edge of at least one insulation lamella, which edge extending along the length of said insulation lamella, may be cut, such as by chamfering or filleting. The cut can also be rectangular as opposed to the triangular shape of chamfering or rounded inwards as opposed to the outwards rounded edge of filleting. When an edge is cut off from the lamella part or insulation lamella, a ventilation channel is created. The insulation lamella or lamella part is adapted to be positioned such that the chamfered edge is positioned in the top surface of the insulation structure. The air channel can be used for passively or actively ventilating the roof in order to dry out any moist that may need to vacate the roof.
- In an additional embodiment, the insulation lamella may be provided with at least one air channel recess in each lamella part, extending substantially perpendicularly in relation to the length of the insulation lamella and placed substantially directly opposite each other, such that when the insulation lamella is in an unfolded state an air channel is extending across the lamella parts. This air channel recess will connect the air channels that extends along the length of the insulation lamella.
- The insulation structure may be interrupted by an opening or a reservation for an element, such as a sky light or a chimney. The previously described embodiments will in any combination be easy to install in such interrupted insulation structure.
- Where the insulation lamella has been cut off, this may create a cut off lamella piece, and this cut off insulation lamella or lamella part may be used on the opposite side of the opening for the element. Thereby less waste is created, and the installation time for insulating the roof around the element is reduced as the construction worker only have to measure and perform one precise cut making the interrupted lamella fit the element, and then proceed with installing in a staggered pattern at the other side of the element.
- In a further embodiment, the insulation structure may be provided with a grid of connected air channels in the opposing top surface of the insulation structure. Usually when air channels only extend in one direction, it is best to position the air channels running from east/west instead of north/south. Thereby the roof is better ventilated because the wind often comes from west, at least in northern Europe. When the channels extend in both directions there is no need to plan the orientation of the air channels as any position is as good as another. The grid of connected air channels makes it very likely that a vent placed in one side of the roof will be in air channel connection with another vent placed at the opposite side of the roof. This makes it possible to passively ventilate the whole roof using the pressure difference created by the wind.
- The invention also relates to a method, according to
claim 11, of laying an insulation lamella structure on a supporting base layer, comprising the steps of: - positioning an insulation lamella structure on the supporting base layer such as a roof,
- whereby a plurality of lamellas is placed on the supporting base layer to extend substantially perpendicularly to the base plane, the top sides of the lamellas being adapted to define a top surface of the insulation lamella structure, which is inclined in relation to the base surface in a direction transversal to the length of the lamellas.
- The unfolding may involve placing a laying device, such as a fork, in the split of the insulation lamella, and rotate one part of the lamella 180 degrees in relation to the adjacent part of the lamella.
- A further object of the invention is the use, according to
claim 13, of a lamella of the type described above, which is able to assume a folded state and un unfolded state, wherein in the folded state the lamella is provided with at least one split along the length, providing at least two lamella parts each having a first and a second side extending along a length of the lamella part, the first side facing the at least one first split in a folded state, the second side opposing the first side and the at least two lamella parts in a folded state are attached to each other along the length by a thin neck. The neck acts as a rotation axis allowing folding and unfolding the lamella without separation of the lamella parts. - In the following, the invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings in which:
-
Fig. 1A-C is a schematic drawing of a first embodiment of an insulation lamella in three different states, -
Figs. 2A-C is a schematic drawing of a second embodiment of an insulation lamella in three different states, -
Fig. 3 shows the structure of an insulation lamella, -
Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a slab of insulation for use for an insulation lamella, -
Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a part of the production process, -
Figs. 6A-C show a schematic drawing of a first embodiment of a tapered lamella, -
Figs. 7A-C show a schematic drawing of a second embodiment of a tapered lamella, -
Figs. 8A-D show a schematic drawing of a third embodiment of a tapered lamella, -
Fig. 9 is a schematic drawing of an embodiment of an insulation structure, using insulation lamellas with tapered lamella parts or tapered insulation lamellas, -
Fig. 10 shows a schematic drawing of an embodiment of an insulation lamella, -
Figs. 11A-C show a schematic drawing of an embodiment of an insulation structure, providing a stepwise inclining surface of the lamella structure, -
Fig. 12 shows a schematic drawing of an embodiment of an insulation structure, -
Figs. 13A-D show drawings in perspective of an embodiment of an insulation lamella having ventilation channels, -
Figs. 14A-B show schematic drawing of an embodiment of an insulation structure provided with ventilation channels as seen from the front and from the side, respectively, -
Figs. 15A-B show schematic drawings of an embodiment of an insulation structure that forms a staggered pattern, provided with ventilation channels, seen in perspective and from above, respectively, -
Figs 16a and 16b illustrates benefits of a neck portion, and -
Figs. 17 and 18 illustrates unfolding of a lamella - Referring first to
Fig. 12 ,Figs. 14A-B and Figs. 15A-B , it is shown how the general configuration of aninsulation lamella structure 11 is composed. Theinsulation lamella structure 11 may form part of aninsulation structure 111 together with a separate pressure distributing layer, in the following referred to aspressure distributing board 7, as shown in for instanceFigs. 9 and11C . One or more boards may be present in the pressure distributing layer. In turn, theinsulation lamella structure 11 is constituted by a number oflamellas 1, and first, the manufacturing and handling of various embodiments of aninsulation lamella 1 will be described in some detail. - In
Fig. 1A an embodiment of aninsulation lamella 1 is shown in a folded state, as it looks when it has been cut from a slab 6 (cf.Fig. 5 ) and divided into twolamella parts thin neck 3 of material. In this folded state,first sides respective lamella parts split 9.Second sides first sides respective lamella parts Fig. 1B thelamella parts base layer 20 and a base plane, BP(x,y) (to be described in further detail with reference toFigs 13A-D ). InFig. 1C theinsulation lamella 1 has been tipped into an unfolded state, and thesides Fig. 1A ) are now constituting abase side 15 of the unfoldedinsulation lamella 1. Thebase side 15 is thus positioned parallel to the base plane BP(x,y) and facing thebase layer 20. Thesides sides top side 16 of the unfoldedinsulation lamella 1. In this embodiment, acleft 10 is positioned perpendicularly to the base plane BP(x,y) facing upwards in the unfolded state. It can be seen that in the unfolded state, the fibres in theinsulation lamella parts base layer 20. Theinsulation lamella 1 has a firstoutermost edge 17a and a secondoutermost edge 17b wherein both the first and the second outermost edges extend along the length and along thetop side 16 of theinsulation lamella 1. - In
Figs. 2A-2C onelamella part 2b is rotated 180 degrees in relation to the base plane BP(x,y) and instead thelamella part sides split 9 are now positioned parallel to the upper surface of thebase layer 20 facing away from thebase layer 20. In this embodiment, thecleft 10 is now separating the lamella parts as thethin neck 3 was torn by the rotating motion, and the cleft 10 is now positioned perpendicularly to the upper surface of thebase layer 20. The cleft 10 would have been facing only downwards in the unfolded state had thethin neck 3 not been torn. Thesides sides base side 15 of the unfoldedinsulation lamella 1. - In
Fig. 3 aninsulation lamella 1 having an isotropic structure is shown. Theinsulation lamella 1 has alength 14 extending in a generally longitudinal direction and awidth 12, the width extending in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction. Theinsulation lamella 1 also has a thickness or height as will be described in further detail below. Typically, the length is larger than the width and larger than the height. Thus the ratio between the length and at least one of the width and the height may be more than 3, preferably more than 5, and even more than 10. Such a lamella may be produced of fibres by means of the process described inEP0133083B1 and the correspondingDK157309B US4632685 , andUS4964978 . Theinsulation lamella 1 may be produced by means of other processes and materials. As can be seen in the figure, it is mainly the core that has an isotropic structure of the fibres, while in the top and bottom of thelamella 1, the fibres are generally parallel to the top and bottom surface of thelamella 1. The isotropic structure contributes to a higher compressive strength of thelamella 1. Thelamella 1 is preferably produced in this way and has a substantially isotropic structure. - According to
EP0133083B1 and the correspondingDK157309B US4632685 , andUS4964978 an apparatus and a process for producing felt of mineral wool, such as glass wool and stone wool, are disclosed by which the orientation of fibres in a felt of fibrous material is, if not isotropic, then at least more random compared to prior art. Thus, fibres initially deposited on a conveyor in layers substantially parallel with the faces of the felt become located according to random directions within the felt while the fibres in contact with the conveyors remain substantially parallel with the faces. In other words, loops which form in the product remain relatively small in size in relation to the thickness of the felt and do not affect the faces. Thus, the loops are small and well dispersed through the mass or core of the product whereas the fibres on the faces of the product constitute layers which are virtually free from loops. Though compared to prior art relative toEP0133083B1 and the correspondingDK157309B US4632685 , andUS4964978 , the felt thus produced is far more isotropic and has a larger resistance to compression, the felt does provide different compressive strength in different directions as it will be well known to the person skilled in the art. By the formation of loops in accordance withEP0133083B1 and the correspondingDK157309B US4632685 , andUS4964978 the fibres in the core of the felt product show an overall layer structure with a majority of fibres extending generally vertical relative to the orientation of the felt during production. Thus the compressive strength is larger in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the direction of production than in the vertical direction perpendicular to the conveyors by means of which the felt is formed. After production as disclosed inEP0133083B1 and the correspondingDK157309B US4632685 , andUS4964978 the felt thus produced is cut into slabs, like theslab 6 shown herein, by cutting the felt perpendicular to the direction of production. - The slabs thus produced will have opposing surfaces namely a slab top surface and a slab bottom surface at which the structure of the material of the slab is different from the structure of the material at the core of the slab, since, as explained above, the fibres of the slab top surface and the slab bottom surface during production were in contact with the conveyors. Accordingly, the slab top surface and the slab bottom surface, and parts thereof, are herein designated "production surfaces". In case glass wool or stone wool are among the choices for insulating material, an insulation lamella of glass wool will provide for better cohesion of the two or more lamella parts joined together by a thin neck as described in the above, since the longer fibres of glass wool will tend to keep the thin neck intact after unfolding the lamella, thus avoiding the more brittle properties of stone wool. That is, rather than having torn the
thin neck 3 as described in connection withFigs 2A to 2C in the above, the twolamella parts insulation lamella 1 needs to be moved during installation. According to the invention, thethin neck 3 is made from the same material as the remaining parts of theinsulation lamella 1. -
Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a slab ofinsulation 6 that has been cut into a number oflamellas 1, and each of thelamellas 1 has furthermore been divided into twolamella parts 2 by cutting asplit 9, almost all the way through theslab 6, leaving athin neck 3. Thelamellas 1 have production surfaces 28. Thus, cutting theslab 6 intolamellas 1, thelamellas 1 obtain as top and bottom, part of the slab top surface and a slab bottom surface (which are production surfaces), and thethin neck 3 provided by the cutting indicated inFig. 4 will be provided by the material of one of the slab top surface and the slab bottom surface depending on whether the slab has been turned upside-down or not prior to cutting. The part of theslab 6 where the thin neck is located can be with another structure of the same kind of material to provide any one of the configurations of thethin neck 3 described in the above. - In
Fig. 5 it is shown how the slab ofinsulation 6 can be cut intolamellas 1 and how thelamellas 1 are divided intolamella parts 2 by using acircular saw 30 making a partial cut in the form of asplit 9. Other means of cutting may be used as well. Theslab 6 has an overall layer structure as indicated by curved lines inFig. 5 , the curved lines indicating thelayers 29. - A slab of
insulation 6 as seen inFig. 5 can, as indicated, be produced as described inEP0133083B1 and the correspondingDK157309B US4632685 , andUS4964978 or by other processes. As can be seen in the figure, it is mainly the core that has an isotropic structure of the fibres and where many fibres are layered in a generally perpendicular direction in relation to the top and bottom surface (production surfaces 28) of theslab 6, whilst in the top and bottom of theslab 6, the fibres are layered in a generally parallel direction in relation to the top and bottom surface of theslab 6. -
Fig. 5 shows the principle of the fibre layers along the lamella as an indefinite number oflayers 29 andFigs. 16a and 16b shows the principle of one fibre layer being unfolded and its relation to theneck 3. This is only a principle drawings of the layers as the isotropic fibre structure also has many fibres going in all other directions and binding the layered structure together. - When a
split 9 andlamella 1 is cut from theslab 6 as shown infig. 4 theneck 3 is placed in the area (production surface 28) of the slab where fibre layers are generally parallel to the surface (see principlefig. 16a ). Testing of the use of the split lamellas has shown the effect that this prolongs the durability of the hinge provided by theneck 3 significantly, as opposed to a hinge placed in the core area of the slab where the isotropic fibre structure consists more of perpendicularly layered fibres (see principlefig. 16b ). - When the hinge is made of fibres and fibre layers that are more parallel to slab surface, the fibres and fibre layers are bending 180 degrees when opening the split and unfolding the lamella (as shown in
fig. 16a ). - If the hinge or
neck 3 is placed in the structure where the fibres and fibre layers are more perpendicular the fibres tend to break more easily (as shown infig. 16b ). - A typical lamella with a hinge constituted by fibres and fibre layers parallel to the slab surface has durability for several repeated cycles of unfolding and folding the lamella. This can be very useful in a mounting situation until the lamella is finally fixed in a construction. Even at demolishment of the construction the intact hinge can provide a faster pace of collecting the insulation for re-use or upcycling.
-
Figs 6A-C shows a first embodiment of a tapered lamella. Thelamella 1 is not tapered in its folded state as can be seen inFig. 6A . Instead theinsulation lamella 1 is provided with asplit 9 along thelength 14 of theinsulation lamella 1 at an angle to abase layer 20 where in this embodiment the lamella has been placed in its folded state. Thelamella parts first sides second sides side 4b and the opposingside 5b it is indicated how the two opposite sides of thelamella part 2b is arranged with an inclination α. InFig. 6B thelamella parts thin neck 3 that connects the two lamella parts. Also shown are the twofirst sides second sides - In its unfolded state in
Fig. 6C this results in atapered lamella 1, having slopingtop side 16, with the inclination α in relation to thebase side 15 of thelamella 1 that may be used for creating a sloping opposingtop surface 19 of the insulation lamella structure 11 (cf.Fig 9 ). As is also apparent fromFigs 6A to 6C , a firstoutermost edge 17a and a secondoutermost edge 17b are present on eachinsulation lamella 1. Eachoutermost edge insulation lamella 1, i.e. along thelength 14. For the general configuration of a taperedinsulation lamella 1, reference is made toFig. 10 showing an alternative embodiment. - In the embodiment of
Figs 6A to 6C ,reference numeral 8 indicates that the twooutermost edges chamfered edge 8. With particular reference toFigs 15A and 15B , this results inair channels 24 in the side of the lamella facing upwards in its unfolded state either combined with anadjacent lamella 1 or a protruding roof part. Theair channel 24 extends across the slopingtop surface 19 created by the chamfered and tapered lamella 1 (cf.Figs 15A and 15B ). -
Figs 7A-C show a second embodiment of alamella 1 being tapered in its unfolded state. Onelamella part 2b is rotated 180 degrees in relation to the base plane BP(x,y) on thebase layer 20, where in this embodiment thelamella 1 has been placed in its folded state. Thelamella part sides split 9 are now positioned with an inclination to the base plane facing away from thebase layer 20. In this embodiment, thecleft 10 is positioned perpendicularly to the upper surface of thebase layer 20 facing downwards in the unfolded state. As in the first embodiment of a tapered lamella, theinsulation lamella 1 of the second embodiment comprisestop side 16 andbase side 15. - Compared to the embodiment of
Figs. 6A-C theoutermost edges edges 8, were in the folded state situated along thesplit 9 in that theoutermost edges inclined split 9. - In both the first and the second embodiment of the tapered lamella the chamfered
edges 8 are positioned at the upper edges along the length of thelamella 1 in the unfolded state resulting in an air channel 24 (cf.Figs 15A and 15B ), cf. in this regardFigs 6C and 7C . -
Figs 8A-D show a third embodiment of aninsulation lamella 1 being tapered in its unfolded state.Fig. 8A shows thelamella 1 in a folded state, the lamella standing upright on a supportingbase layer 20 with theside 5a facing the base layer and the opposingside 4a facing an inclined cut constituting afirst split 9a. Thereby theside 4a is provided with an inclination in relation toside 5a. Here thelamella 1 is in addition to the inclinedfirst split 9a, provided with asecond split 9b parallel to theside 5a. Thesplit 9b is cut from theopposite side 21b than where the inclined cut creating split 9a opens on to, i.e.side 21a, and thus splitting the lamellas into threelamella parts Fig. 8B it can be seen how thefirst lamella part 2a remains at the same position,lamella part 2b rotates 180 degrees with the centre of rotation being thethin neck 3a betweenlamella part 2a andlamella part 2b, and thethird lamella part 2c is not rotated but merely positioned on the supporting base layer aslamella part 2b rotates 180 degrees in relation tolamella part 2c, around thethin neck 3b. Thelamella part 2c is furthermore provided with a tapered face positioned parallel to or substantially parallel to the partial cut at thefirst split 9a. This results in a slopingtop side 16 of theinsulation lamella 1 in an unfolded state. Like in the previous two embodiments thelamella 1 is provided with first and secondoutermost edges reference numeral 8 to provide chamferededges 8. However, in this embodiment, one chamferededge 8 positioned along the length of thelamella 1 is provided at theoutermost edge 17a of thelamella 1 at thesurface 16 facing upwards in the unfolded state, while the other two chamferededges 8 are facing each other in the cleft 10 creating an air channel 24 (cf.Figs.15A and 15B ). -
Fig. 9 shows theinsulation lamella 1 shown inFigs. 7A-C used in aninsulation lamella structure 11, where an inclined opposingtop surface 19 is created. To maintain the inclined opposingtop surface 19 overseveral lamellas 1, the second, or middle, and third, or right-hand, lamellas 1 as compared to the first, or left-hand,lamella 1 inFig. 7A have been made successively taller. Likewise, lamella parts designated 2 are made successively taller in the height direction, or wider as the case is in the embodiment inFigs. 6A-C merely because of its orientation in relation to the base plane BP(x,y) or supportingbase layer 20 when placed on saidlayer 20 in a folded state. This results in a difference indistance 23 between thebase surface 18 and the firstoutermost edge 17a and between thebase surface 18 and the secondoutermost edge 17b, and saiddistance 23 defines the inclination α of thetop surface 19 in relation to thebase surface 18. -
Fig. 10 shows an alternative embodiment of aninsulation lamella 1 having an incliningtop side 16. Also thebase side 15, thelength 14, thewidth 12 and first and secondoutermost edges lamella 1. - In
Fig. 11A-C the partial cut to form split 9 in thelamella 1 has been made either perpendicular to or parallel to the base plane BP(x,y) here placed on the upper surface of thebase layer 20, depending on the orientation of thelamella 1 on thebase layer 20, however thecut 9 has been positioned slightly off the middle on thelamella 1, resulting inlamella parts distance top side 16 andtop surface 19 of theinsulation lamella structure 11 is attained through a difference indistance 23 formed by the difference in height between thebase side 15 and secondoutermost edge 17b on one hand, and thebase side 15 and anoutermost edge 17c protruding at the middle of thelamella 1 and constituting the first outermost edge in terms of defining the inclination, on the other. Theoutermost edge 17c is here located in the same distance from thebase side 15 as theoutermost edge 17a. A separate top plate orpressure distributing board 7 is supported by theedges insulation lamella structure 11 and thepressure distributing board 7 together form theinsulation structure 111. It is noted that thepressure distributing board 7 is provided separately from theinsulation lamella structure 11 and is positioned on top of thelamellas 1 to cover them substantially completely. Hence, thepressure distributing board 7 acts as a loose cover of theinsulation lamella structure 11 and has an inclination corresponding to thetop surface 19 of theinsulation lamella structure 11, although displacing the inclination α in relation to the base plane BP(x,y). The hollow space between the stepwise incliningtop surface 19 and the top plate in the form ofpressure distributing board 7, forms a series ofair channels 24. Theedges pressure distributing board 7 with a larger area of thetop side 16 and having air channels with a lesser cross-sectional area. - The height of the insulation lamellas forming the lamella structure may be 200-500 mm, preferably between 300-400 mm to achieve a U-value below 0.12 W/m2K of the roof construction.
- The properties, dimensions and choice of material of the
pressure distributing board 7 are chosen according to the specific needs and requirements of the intended field of application of the insulation structure. Preferably, thepressure distributing board 7 is of a fibrous material such as stone wool or glass wool, preferably glass wool as this is easier to cut. The fibres in the board are stretched and in a substantially laminated structure. The thickness may for instance lie between 10-200 mm, preferably 15-50 mm, more preferably 20-30 mm. The compressive strength typically lies in the range of 30-70 kPa, preferably 40-70 kPa. As mentioned in the above, thepressure distributing board 7 should cover all of theinsulation lamella structure 11 in thefinished insulation structure 111. -
Fig. 12 shows an embodiment of an insulation structure making use of theinsulation lamella structure 11 according to the invention, in which the separatepressure distributing board 7 is removed for reasons of clearness in reading the drawings, typically representing a situation in which thepressure distributing board 7 has not yet been mounted. A number oflamellas 1 have been arranged inrows 25. Viewing the drawing from left to right, the first sixrows 25 oflamellas 1 form a first section positioned on the base plane BP(x,y), i.e. directly on the supportingbase layer 20. The next sixrows 25 oflamellas 1 forming the second section are positioned on top of aplane layer 26a of insulation, and the further next sixrows 25 forming the third section oflamellas 1 are positioned on top of twoplane layers last rows 25 oflamellas 1 forming a fourth section ofrows 25 are positioned on top of twoplane layers surface 19 acrossseveral lamellas 1. The plane layers 26a, 26b, 26c of insulation may be made of other materials than insulation, as long as the different in height and the support is provided to thelamellas 1. A further feature apparent from this Figure is the configuration of theinsulation lamella structure 11 in that thelamellas 1 form a staggered pattern, where everysecond row 25 oflamella 1 is offset lengthwise in relation theadjacent row 25. The staggered pattern can be obtained by only two lamellas being of different length, being of same length and offset lengthwise or being of different length with a lengthwise offset displacement. Thelamellas 1 are lengthwise running across the inclination α created by the lamellas that have been cut at an angle in relation to the base plane andbase layer 20 and are typically provided as in the embodiments shown inFigs 6, 7 or 8 . The first and the second outermost edges extends along the length of the insulation lamella. As in the above embodiments, the length of the insulation lamella is longer than it is wide and longer than it is high. The staggered pattern is preferably provided by having insulation lamellas offset in relation to each other along the length of the insulation lamellas or by having a difference in the length of the insulation lamellas. This provides better production tolerances on the length of the lamella. Length tolerances for installing in a staggered pattern can be very coarse, making the lamellas easier to produce, with length cutting techniques fit for mass production, and with less unplanned interruptions of production. - By providing an underlying step structure of
plane layers different lamellas 1 may be limited, and the size of thelamellas 1 will not get difficult to handle. - Furthermore, the
insulation lamella structure 11 is here provided with anopening 13, for example for a skylight or a chimney. Because theinsulation lamella structure 11 forms a staggered pattern across the inclination α there is less waste as thepieces 27 oflamellas 1 that have been cut off to make room for theopening 13, can be used on the other and opposing side of theopening 13. - When for example the known lamellas provided with a lengthwise inclination are placed side-by-side in columns extending across the inclination α, the cut off pieces of those lamellas cannot be used elsewhere in the insulation structure and is considered to be waste.
-
Figs 13A-D show an embodiment of aninsulation lamella 1 provided withventilation channels 24. InFigs 13A and 13B the lamella is seen from two different sides. InFig. 13A thesplit 9 is facing upwards and inFig. 13B thesplit 9 is facing downwards. Both figures show thelamella 1 in a folded state. Bothlamella parts 2 are provided withchamfered edges 8 extending along the edge of thelamella 1, and two air channel recesses 22 positioned substantially opposite each other, substantially perpendicularly to thelength 14 and the base plane BP(x,y). Although the two air channel recesses 22 are shown as located more or less accurately opposite each other, slight variations in the positions do not hinder the air channel from functioning, even if the recess placing should drift a bit. - When each of the
lamella parts 2 are rotated 90 degrees in relation to the base plane BP(x,y), the centre of rotation being thethin neck 3 that connects the twolamella parts 2, the air channel recesses 22 are positioned in extension of each other, connecting the chamferededges 8 along each top side of the unfoldedlamella 1, forming a grid ofair channels 24. This can be seen inFig. 13D . -
Figs. 14A-B shows an embodiment of aninsulation lamella structure 11 in aninsulation structure 111 provided withventilation channels 24 as seen from the front and from the side, respectively. Theair channels 24 are formed by either the chamferededges 8 of twolamellas 1 placed side-by-side (Fig. 14A ) or by therecess 22 in thelamella part 2. Therecesses 22 can be formed by other geometry of the cross-sectional area and there can bemore recesses 22 perlamella 1. Hereinsulation lamellas 1 with taperedlamella parts 2 have been used. The lamellas have been covered with apressure distributing board 7. Thelamella parts 2 are positioned on a substantiallyhorizontal base layer 20, where the incliningside 16 of thelamella 1 is facing upwards, creating a sloping opposingsurface 19, such as a roof surface. On top of thelamella parts 2 the separatepressure distributing board 7 has been placed. Thelamella parts 2 are being made successively taller or wider depending on the lamella's 1 orientation in relation to the base plane BP(x,y) on the supportingbase layer 20. Because of the inclined partial cut in relation to the base plane or supportingbase layer 20 the sloping or inclining opposingtop surface 19 is continuous. -
Fig. 15A shows an embodiment of aninsulation lamella structure 11 in aninsulation structure 111 provided withventilation channels 24 as seen from above. Here theair channels 24 are extending both along the inclination, established by air channel recesses 22, and across the inclination, constituted bychamfered edges 8, of theinsulation lamella structure 11. Theinsulation lamella structure 11 forms a staggered pattern, and the grid ofair channels 24 can be seen as the punctured lines. -
Fig. 15B shows an embodiment of asimilar insulation structure 111 as inFig. 15A , as seen from above. However, here theinsulation structure 111 has been provided withopenings 13, such as protruding elements in the form of chimneys, ventilation hoods, skylights or the like. The insulation lamellas 1 that have been cut off, may be used on the other side of the interruptingelement 13 due to the staggered pattern of theinsulation structure 111. - Referring to
Fig. 17 (a) through (d) and Fig. 18 (a) and (b) , which illustrate unfolding of alamella 1 positioned opposite to the lamella shown inFig. 1A-1C in the sense that the lamella is placed with the neck downwards, alamella 1 with asplit 9 and a hinge orneck 3 can be placed on any supporting surface (preferably a mainly horizontal surface) and when in folded state the person mounting the lamella can initiate unfolding, by pressing at one of the outermost edges, cf. fat arrow inFig. 17 (a) and (b) and Fig. 18 (a) , (preferably by pressing with one's foot at one end of the lamella). - The weight and geometry of the lamella pieces constitutes how easy it is to unfold the lamella, as the center of gravity, cf. slender arrows in
Fig. 18 (a) and (b) , will move in relation to the supporting edge and the hinge. Also the weight and the center of gravity of the lamella piece which is not pressed by foot constitutes how easy it is to break some of the isotropic part of the fibres in the hinge so that lamella pieces can turn in relation to the hinge, and the lamella unfold. - The term insulation lamella and lamella are both used for the same element. The same applies to supporting base layer and base layer.
- The same reference numbers apply to the same features throughout the application.
- The different embodiments and the different features described throughout the application may be combined with each other as long as they are falling under the scope of the appended claims.
-
- 1
- insulation lamella
- 2a
- lamella part
- 2b
- lamella part
- 2c
- lamella part
- 3
- neck
- 3a,3b
- neck
- 4a
- first side facing split
- 4b
- first side facing split
- 5a
- second side opposing first side
- 5b
- second side opposing first side
- 6
- slab of insulation
- 7
- pressure distributing board
- 8
- chamfered edges
- 9
- split
- 9a
- first split
- 9b
- second split
- 10
- cleft
- 11
- insulation lamella structure
- 12
- width
- 12a
- distance
- 12b
- distance
- 13
- opening
- 14
- length
- 15
- base side of unfolded insulation lamella
- 16
- top side of unfolded insulation lamella
- 17a
- first outermost edge
- 17b
- second outermost edge
- 17c
- first uppermost edge
- 18
- base surface
- 19
- sloping opposing top surface
- 20
- base layer
- 21a
- side (of
first split 9a) - 21b
- opposing side (of
second split 9b) - 22
- air channel recesses
- 23
- distance
- 24
- air channel
- 25
- row
- 26a
- plane layer of insulation
- 26b
- plane layer of insulation
- 26c
- plane layer of insulation
- 27
- cut-off piece
- 28
- production surface
- 29
- layers
- 30
- circular saw
- 111
- insulation structure
- BP(x,y)
- base plane
- α
- inclination
Claims (14)
- An insulation lamella structure (11) adapted to be positioned above a supporting base layer (20) in a mounted condition, the insulation lamella structure (11) defining a base plane (BP(x,y)) which is substantially parallel to an upper surface of the supporting base layer (20) in said mounted condition, in which the insulation lamella structure (11) comprises:one or more insulation lamellas (1), wherein each of said one or more insulation lamellas has a length (14) and a width (12) the length being larger than the width, a base side (15) and an opposing top side (16), wherein the base side (15) is adapted to be positioned substantially parallel to the base plane (BP(x,y)),the insulation lamella structure (11) has a base surface (18) and an opposing top surface (19), wherein the base surface (18) is adapted to be positioned substantially parallel to the base plane (BP(x,y)), and the opposing top surface (19) is constituted by the top sides (16) of the one or more insulation lamellas (1),each of the one or more insulation lamellas (1) is able to assume a folded state and an unfolded state, wherein each of the one or more insulation lamellas (1) is in an unfolded state in said mounted condition,and wherein said insulation lamella (1) in a folded state is provided with at least one first split (9; 9a, 9b) along the length providing at least two lamella parts (2; 2a, 2b, 2c),each lamella part (2; 2a, 2b; 2c) having a first side (4a, 4b) and a second side (5a, 5b) extending along a length of the lamella part, the first side (4a, 4b) facing the at least one first split (9; 9a, 9b) in a folded state, the second side (5a, 5b) opposing the first side (4a, 4b) and the second side (5a, 5b) being arranged substantially parallel and with a distance to the first side (4a, 4b), said distance being substantially equal for the at least two lamella parts (2; 2a, 2b, 2c),wherein the at least two lamella parts (2; 2a, 2b; 2c) in a folded state are attached to each other along the length by a thin neck (3; 3a, 3b), wherein the thin neck (3) is made from the same material as the rest of the insulation lamella (1)the insulation lamellas (1) are cut from a slab of fibrous mineral material with slab top surface and slab bottom surface whereby the insulation lamellas (1) have opposite production surfaces (28) constituted by slab top surface and slab bottom surfacecharacterized in thatthe at least two lamella parts (2; 2a, 2b; 2c) each being adapted to be turned substantially 180 degrees in relation to the adjacent lamella part,the centre of rotation being the thin neck (3; 3a, 3b), such that at least one first side (4a, 4b) of at least one lamella part, or its opposing second side (5a, 5b) on the same lamella part, is positioned substantially parallel to the base plane (BP(x,y)) in the unfolded state, and in that the insulation lamellas (1) are adapted for the production surfaces (28) to extend vertically in the mounted position of the insulation lamellas (1) and in that the fibres in the core of the slab (6) show an overall layer structure with layers (29) extending in a generally perpendicular direction in relation to the production surfaces (28).
- The insulation lamella structure (11) according to claim 1, wherein the insulation lamellas (1) are of a fibrous material, preferably glass fibres, and wherein fibres of the two or more lamella parts (2; 2a, 2b; 2c) are adapted to extend substantially perpendicularly to the base plane (BP(x,y)) when positioned on the base layer.
- The insulation lamella structure (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulation lamellas (1) have said length (14), said width (12) and a height and wherein the ratio between the length (14) and at least one of the width (12) and the height is more than 3, preferably more than 5, and more preferably more than 10.
- The insulation lamella structure (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the compressive strength of said insulation lamella (1) in a direction perpendicular to said base plane (BP(x,y)) is above 30 kPa, preferably between 45-70 kPa.
- The insulation lamella structure (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulation lamella (1) in a folded state is provided with at least one second split (9b) in addition to said at least one first split (9a) from the respective opposite side of where said at least one first split (9a) is provided, such that fanfolds and at least three lamella parts (2a, 2b, 2c) are created.
- The insulation lamella structure (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one edge (8) of at least one insulation lamella (1), which edge extending along the length (14) of said insulation lamella (1) is cut, such as by chamfering or filleting.
- The insulation lamella structure (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulation lamella (1) is provided with at least one air channel recess (22) in each lamella part (2; 2a, 2b, 2c), extending substantially perpendicularly in relation to the length of the insulation lamella (1) and placed substantially directly opposite each other, such that when the insulation lamella (1) is in an unfolded state an air channel (24) is extending across the lamella parts (2; 2a, 2b, 2c).
- The insulation lamella structure (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulation structure (111) is interrupted by an opening (13) or reservation for an element, such as a skylight or a chimney.
- The insulation lamella structure (11) according to claim 7, wherein an insulation lamella (1) has been cut off creating a cut off lamella piece (27), and this cut off lamella piece (27) is used on the opposite side of the opening (13) for the element.
- The insulation lamella structure (11) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulation structure (111) provides a grid of connected air channels (24) in the opposing top surface (19) of the insulation structure (111).
- A method of laying an insulation lamella structure (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, on a supporting base layer (20), comprising the steps of:positioning an insulation lamella structure (11) on the supporting base layer (20), such as a roof,whereby a plurality of lamellas (1) is placed on the supporting base layer (20) to extend substantially perpendicularly to the base plane (BP(x,y)), the top sides (16) of the lamellas (1) being adapted to define a top surface of the insulation lamella structure (11), which is substantially parallel in relation to the base surface.
- The method according to claim 11, whereinthe lamellas (1) are provided in a folded state, with a split (9) along their length, and the mounting includes unfolding the lamellas (1), such that the sides (4a; 4b) of the split (9) now form a side surface of the lamellas (1), andpositioning said side surface substantially parallel to the base plane (BP(x,y)).
- Use of a lamella (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, which is able to assume a folded state and an unfolded state, wherein in the folded state the lamella (1) is provided with at least one split (9) along the length, providing at least two lamella parts (2a; 2b; 2c) each having a first (4a; 4b) and a second side (5a; 5b) extending along a length of the lamella part (2a; 2b; 2c), the first side (4a; 4b) facing the at least one first split in a folded state, the second side (5a; 5b) opposing the first side (4a; 4b) and the at least two lamella parts (2a; 2b; 2c) in a folded state are attached to each other along the length by a thin neck (3; 3a; 3b), wherein the thin neck (3) is made from the same material as the rest of the insulation lamella (1).
- Use of the lamella according to claim 13, wherein the split (9) is inclined with respect to the sides of the lamella (1), such that in the unfolded state, the top surface of the lamella (1) is inclined with respect to the base surface (18).
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PL18185477T PL3438369T3 (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2018-07-25 | Insulation lamella structure with split lamellas and method for installing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP17184086.1A EP3438367A1 (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2017-07-31 | Insulation lamella structure with split lamellas and method for installing the same |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3438369A1 EP3438369A1 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
EP3438369B1 true EP3438369B1 (en) | 2021-09-29 |
Family
ID=59506117
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17184086.1A Withdrawn EP3438367A1 (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2017-07-31 | Insulation lamella structure with split lamellas and method for installing the same |
EP18185477.9A Active EP3438369B1 (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2018-07-25 | Insulation lamella structure with split lamellas and method for installing the same |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17184086.1A Withdrawn EP3438367A1 (en) | 2017-07-31 | 2017-07-31 | Insulation lamella structure with split lamellas and method for installing the same |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP3438367A1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK3438369T3 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3438369T3 (en) |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4379381A (en) * | 1980-06-05 | 1983-04-12 | Emerson H. Mizell | Roof insulation system |
FR2548695B1 (en) | 1983-07-07 | 1986-06-20 | Saint Gobain Isover | FORMATION OF FELTS WITH ISOTROPIC STRUCTURE |
DE9213220U1 (en) * | 1992-10-01 | 1992-12-03 | J. U. Otto Krebber Gmbh, 4200 Oberhausen, De | |
US5966883A (en) * | 1997-10-23 | 1999-10-19 | Atlas Roofing Corporation | Foldable roof panel unit and method of installation |
DE10101929B4 (en) * | 2001-01-16 | 2005-01-27 | Ursa Deutschland Gmbh | Aufsparrendämmsystem |
DE202005016852U1 (en) * | 2005-10-04 | 2006-02-09 | Mayer, Helmut | Arrangement for ventilation of buildings has a pipe installed at roof which is covered with a vapor barrier and an insulating layer over it whereby the air supply pipe is surrounded with a protective shell |
US9249571B1 (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2016-02-02 | Arthur Paul White | Insulating system |
FI125915B (en) | 2013-01-16 | 2016-04-15 | Paroc Group Oy | Method for production and assembly of narrow insulating slats of mineral wool |
-
2017
- 2017-07-31 EP EP17184086.1A patent/EP3438367A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2018
- 2018-07-25 EP EP18185477.9A patent/EP3438369B1/en active Active
- 2018-07-25 DK DK18185477.9T patent/DK3438369T3/en active
- 2018-07-25 PL PL18185477T patent/PL3438369T3/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3438367A1 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
DK3438369T3 (en) | 2021-12-20 |
EP3438369A1 (en) | 2019-02-06 |
PL3438369T3 (en) | 2022-01-03 |
RU2018127770A3 (en) | 2021-12-02 |
RU2018127770A (en) | 2020-02-03 |
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