Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21V14/00—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements
  • F21V14/06—Controlling the distribution of the light emitted by adjustment of elements by movement of refractors
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
  • F21S10/00—Lighting devices or systems producing a varying lighting effect
  • F21S10/005—Lighting devices or systems producing a varying lighting effect using light guides
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21V13/00—Producing particular characteristics or distribution of the light emitted by means of a combination of elements specified in two or more of main groups F21V1/00 - F21V11/00
  • F21V13/02—Combinations of only two kinds of elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F21V7/00—Reflectors for light sources
  • F21V7/0091—Reflectors for light sources using total internal reflection
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
  • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
  • F21W2131/40—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use
  • F21W2131/406—Lighting for industrial, commercial, recreational or military use for theatres, stages or film studios
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F21—LIGHTING
  • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
  • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
  • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Definitions

• the present invention generally relates to a method for providing a wash light luminaire, specifically to optical systems and a method relating to providing single and multiple beams from a wash luminaire.
• Luminaires with automated and remotely controllable functionality are well known in the entertainment and architectural lighting markets. Such products are commonly used in theatres, television studios, concerts, theme parks, night clubs and other venues. A typical product will provide control over the functions of the luminaire allowing the operator to control the intensity and color of the light beam from the luminaire that is shining on the stage or in the studio. Many products also provide control over other parameters such as the position, focus, beam size, beam shape and beam pattern. In such products that contain light emitting diodes (LEDs) to produce the light output it is common to use more than one color of LEDs and to be able to adjust the intensity of each color separately such that the output, which comprises the combined mixed output of all LEDs, can be adjusted in color. For example, such a product may use red, green, blue, and white LEDs with separate intensity controls for each of the four types of LED. This allows the user to mix almost limitless combinations and to produce nearly any color they desire.
• LEDs light emitting diodes
• FIG. 1 illustrates a typical multiparameter automated luminaire system 10.
• These systems typically include a plurality of multiparameter automated luminaires 12 which typically each contain on-board a light source (not shown), light modulation devices, electric motors coupled to mechanical drives systems and control electronics (not shown).
• a light source not shown
• light modulation devices typically include on-board a light source (not shown), light modulation devices, electric motors coupled to mechanical drives systems and control electronics (not shown).
• each luminaire is connected is series or in parallel to data link 14 to one or more control desks 15.
• the luminaire system 10 is typically controlled by an operator through the control desk 15.
• Luminaires have been provided using non-LED light sources designed to produce a single narrow beam or a plurality of such beams. Such luminaires may use low etendue, HID light sources with a small arc gap in order to facilitate the production of tight, almost parallel light beams. US Patent Applications 14/042,758 and 14/042,759 provide examples of such a system. Single and multi-color LED sourced luminaires have also been produced with narrow beam capability using sophisticated collimation systems as, for example, disclosed in US Patent Application 14/405,355. LEDs however are high etendue light sources by comparison with HID and it is difficult to produce multiple beam systems using LED light sources.
• Prior art optical systems utilizing multiple LED emitters may be unforgiving when it is desired to produce a homogeneous image with a light output capable of being blended between units to provide seamless coverage. This mode of operation is often called a Wash light as it washes the stage with light.
• Prior art systems will commonly utilize multiple LED light sources and attempt to blend them into a homogeneous whole. This approach is often unsuccessful because the individual differently colored LED emitters are still visible producing a multi-colored effect when viewing the light rather than the desired appearance of a single color.
• Other prior art systems use a secondary lens but that has the that the output lens may not then be filled completely and all the light will appear to be emitted from a portion at the centre of the output lens. This reduces the performance of the luminaire as a wash light as it is an important feature of wash luminaires that the effective light source be as large as possible in order to soften and reduce shadowing.
• FIGURE 1 illustrates a multiparameter automated luminaire lighting system
• FIGURE 2 illustrates the layout of embodiments of major components of a light engine of a luminaire generating a flower effect
• FIGURE 3 illustrates more detail of some of embodiments of the major
• FIGURE 4 illustrates and embodiment of additional support structure for the light guide assembly
• FIGURE 5 illustrates an embodiment of a light guide without any supporting structure
• FIGURE 6 illustrates detail of an embodiment of the optical softening diffuser
• FIGURE 7 illustrates a luminaire including an embodiment of the light guide
• FIGURE 8 illustrates Figure 7 with the output lenses in place
• FIGURE 9 illustrates detail of an embodiment of the optical system with the lenses in the wide angle position
• FIGURE 10 illustrates detail of an embodiment of the optical system with the lenses in the narrow angle position
• FIGURE 11 illustrates a complete luminaire used in a lighting system illustrated in Figure 1;
• FIGURE 12 illustrates detail of a lens of the optical system
• FIGURE 13 illustrates, in line drawing form, a front facing view of the design of the front face of the output lenses of an embodiment of the unique luminaire
• FIGURE 14 illustrates, in line drawing form, an isometric view of the design of the front face of Figure 13;
• FIGURE 15 illustrates a rendering of the front facing view of the design of the unique output face a unique luminaire
• FIGURE 16 illustrates a rendering of an isometric view of the design of the output face of Figure 15;
• FIGURE 17 illustrates a rendering front facing view of the output face of Figure
• FIGURE 18 illustrates a rendering isometric view of the output face of Figure 15
• the present invention generally relates to a method for providing special effects in wash light luminaires, specifically to a method relating to providing
• controllable lighting effects from a luminaire with a wash light distribution with a large effective source and true blending output distribution are controllable lighting effects from a luminaire with a wash light distribution with a large effective source and true blending output distribution.
• Figure 2 illustrates the layout of embodiments of major components of one light engine of a luminaire generating a flower effect.
• Light emitting module 20
• Light emitting module 20 may contain a single color of LEDs or may contain multiple dies, each of which may be of common or differing colors.
• light emitting module 20 may comprise one each of a Red, Green, Blue and White LED.
• Light emitting module 20 may comprise a single LED chip or package while in yet further embodiments Light emitting module 20 may comprise multiple LED chips or packages either under a single primary optic or each package with its own primary optic.
• these LED die(s) may be paired with optical lens element(s) as part of the LED light-emitting module.
• light emitting module 20 may comprise more than four colors of LEDs. For example, seven colors may be used, one each of a Red, Green, Blue, White, Amber, Cyan, and Deep Blue/UV LED die.
• Light guide 22 may be a device utilizing internal reflection so as to collect, homogenize and constrain and conduct the light to exit port 23.
• Light guide 22 may be a hollow tube with a reflective inner surface such that light impinging into the entry port may be reflected multiple times along the tube before leaving at the exit port 23.
• Light guide 22 may be a square tube, a hexagonal tube, a heptagonal tube, an octagonal tube, a circular tube, or a tube of any other cross section.
• light guide 22 may be a solid rod constructed of glass, transparent plastic or other optically transparent material where the reflection of the incident light beam within the rod is due to "total internal reflection" (TIR) from the interface between the material of the rod and the surrounding air.
• the integrating rod may be a square rod, a hexagonal rod, a heptagonal rod, an octagonal rod, a circular rod, or a rod of any other cross section.
• Light guide 22, whether solid or hollow, and with any number of sides, may have entry port 21 and exit port 23 that differ in cross sectional shape. For example, a square entry port 21 and an octagonal exit port 23. Further light guide 22 may have sides which are tapered so that the entrance aperture is smaller than the exit aperture.
• a tapered guide 22 may provide similar functionality to a condensing optical system.
• the light guide 22 has both a square entry port 21 and a square exit port 23.
• Light guide 22 may have an aspect ratio where its length is much greater than its diameter. The greater the ratio between length and diameter, the better the resultant mixing and homogenization will be.
• Guide 22 may be enclosed in a tube or sleeve 24 that provides mechanical protection against damage, scratches, and dust.
• light integrating tube 22 is of such a length so as to collimate and direct but deliberately provide incomplete homogenization of the light coming from individual LEDs on light emitting module 20. This incomplete homogenization may be
• the exit port of light guide 22 is polished, rather than being diffused or textured, to maintain the incomplete homogenization of the input light beams.
• the beams are less than 50% homogenized such that individual beams or colors from separate LEDs are still clearly visible.
• Light guide 22 within its protective sleeve 24 is mounted such that it may be freely rotated along its long, optical, axis through gears 32 and motor (not shown) supported by bearing 66.
• Rotating light guide 22 will cause the emitted light beams from exit port 23 to also rotate around the optical axis of the system.
• the light beam movement and rotation will be complex, as a function of the rotation of the input port of light guide 22 across the array of LEDs in fixed light emitting module 20 and the total internal reflection within the rotating light guide.
• the light beams exiting the light guide 22 will present a complex and dynamic pattern of moving beams.
• Light guide 22 may be rotated in either direction and at any speed under control of the operator.
• the light from the exit port 23 of light guide 22 will be directed towards and through lens 40 that serves to further control the angle of the emitted light beam.
• Lens 40 may be moved towards and away from light guide 22 in the direction along the optical axis of the system shown by line 41. In the position where lens 40 is at its furthest separation from the exit port 23 of light guide 22 the emitted light beam will have a narrow beam angle. In the position where lens 40 is at its closest separation from the exit port 23 of guide 22 the emitted light beam will have a wide beam angle. Intermediate positions of lens 40 with respect to exit port 23 of light guide 22 will provide intermediate beam angles.
• Lens 40 may advantageously be configured as an achromat so as to minimize chromatic aberration of the emitted light beam or beams.
• the system illustrated herein utilizes a single lens element as lens 40 to provide output beam control.
• the invention is however not so limited, and further embodiments may contain different numbers and types of lenses or other optical systems as well known in the art.
• further embodiments may utilize systems where lens 40 comprises multiple elements.
• lens 40 may comprise a number of optical lens elements whose relationship to each other is not fixed, and can alter.
• the elements of lens 40 may be meniscus lenses, piano convex lenses, bi-convex lenses, holographic lenses, aspheric lenses, or other lenses as well known in the art.
• the elements of lens 40 may be constructed of glass, transparent plastic or other optically transparent material as known in the art.
• lens 40 comprises a single element constructed, by the use of aspheric surfaces or otherwise, to exhibit achromatic properties such that the colors in the light beam remain homogenized and do not produce objectionable colored fringing to the light beam.
• the effect from the luminaire will be that of a complex pattern of a plurality of light beams created by the reflection of the individual beams from the LEDs in light emitting module within light guide 22. As no diffusion or other homogenization is provided, these beams will remain in differing colors and patterns through projection lens system comprising lens 40. As the light guide 22 is rotated, and lens 40 is moved towards and away from the exit port 23 of light guide 22, the effect will be that of a flower or spreading pattern of beams that opens and closes as the lenses are moved.
• diffuser arm 26 may be swung across the light beam proximate to exit port 23 of light guide 22.
• Diffuser arm may contain a number of diffusers each of which may have different diffusion properties.
• diffuser arm 26 is fitted with first diffuser 28 and second diffuser 30, however further embodiments may have differing numbers of diffusers.
• diffuser arm 26 is rotated such that one of the diffusers 28 or 30 is positioned proximate to exit port 23 of light guide 22 and will serve to diffuse and homogenize the light beams emitting from exit port 23 before they pass into the remainder of the optical system.
• the diffuser serves to merge the light beams into a single homogenized beam and to increase the spread of the light beam. Differing strengths or properties of diffuser 28 or 30 may provide narrow or wide homogenized beams without the flower effect or for lower powered diffusers a softening of the flower effect. In this mode of operation Lens 40 will continue to control the overall size of the homogenized beam.
• Figure 3 illustrates more detail of some of embodiments of the major components and layout of the light engine illustrated in Figure 2. More specifically, in Figure 3, exit port 23 of light guide 22 and the means for moving diffuser 28 and 30 across that exit port can more clearly be seen.
• Sub Figure 3a illustrates the system in beam flower effect mode where diffuser arm 26 is rotated such that neither diffuser 28 nor diffuser 30 are positioned across exit port 23. In this position the undiffused light beam presents the flower effect.
• Motor 33 provides the motion for rotating light guide 22 through drive system 32, and motor 35 provides the motion for diffuser arm 26. Similar motors and drive systems as well known in the art provide the motion for lens 40 along the optical axis of the luminaire.
• Motors 33, and 35 may be stepper motors, servo motors, linear actuators, solenoids, DC motors, or other mechanisms as well known in the art. In the embodiment shown the motors operate through gear systems. For example, motor 33 drives gear 32. Other mechanisms for actuating the desired movement as are well known in the art are also contemplated.
• Sub Figure 3b illustrates the system in wash light mode where diffuser arm 26 is rotated such that diffuser 30 is positioned across exit port 23. In this position the light beam is diffused by diffuser 30 and presents a homogenized beam without the flower effect.
• Figure 4 illustrates the light guide assembly including its support structure.
• Sub Figures 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d show the assembly from fully exploded (4a) through fully assembled (4d) to aid comprehension of the structure.
• Light guide 22 with exit port 23 is inserted into sleeve 24.
• Sleeve 24 has, as parts of its structure, bearing support surfaces 64 and 68. Bearing support surfaces 64 and 68 engage with bearing assemblies 66 and 70 respectively. This allows sleeve 24 (and thus light guide 22) to rotate within bearing assemblies 66 and 70.
• gear 62 which meshes with gear 32 shown in Figure 6 that is in turn driven by motor 33.
• the assembly formed by sleeve 24, light guide 22, bearings 66 and 70, and gear 62, is supported within holder 72 such that (as shown in Figure 4d) light guide 22 protrudes from the base of holder 72 and aligns with light emitting module 20.
• This assembly also serves to maintain a small separation between entry port 21 of light guide 22 and light emitting module 20 such that light transfer from light emitting module 20 and light guide 22 is maximized but the two surfaces do not touch.
• light guide assemblies as shown in Figure 4 could be used in multiples or arrays within a single luminaire.
• an array of rotating light guide assemblies may be used where each light guide is positioned above its own light emitting module.
• a single motor may drive the rotation of multiple light drive assemblies.
• Figure 5 illustrates an embodiment of a light guide 22 without its support structure.
• Light guide 22 contains input port 21 and exit port 23.
• In the embodiment illustrated light guide 22 is tapered and has both a square entry port 21 and a square exit port 23.
• FIG. 6 illustrates detail of an embodiment of the optical softening diffuser arm 26.
• Diffuser arm 26 is shown in two positions in Figure 6. In position A, diffuser arm 26 is positioned such that diffuser 30 is across exit port 23 (shown dashed as it is under the diffuser). Also illustrated is an optional feature of diffuser arm 26.
• Diffuser 28 includes mask 29 which serves to constrain the light to a masked shape.
• Mask 29 is an opaque mask with a central open aperture with, in this case, a hexagonal shape. Mask 29 helps to constrain the projected beam into a more rounded, non square, shape.
• Mask 29 may be of any shape, not just the hexagon illustrated herein, including but not limited to circular, hexagonal, or octagonal.
• diffuser arm 26 is positioned such that diffuser 28 including mask 29 is across exit port 23 (shown dashed as it is under the diffuser).
• Diffusers 28 and 30 may offer differing amounts or types of diffusion producing different beam spreads in the output.
• Diffusers 28 and 30 may be patterned or molded glass, or plastic, or may be holographic diffusers or other diffuser types as well known in the art. Although two different diffusers 28 and 30 are shown here the invention is not so limited and any number of diffusers or homogenizers may be affixed and selected as part of diffuser arm 26
• FIG. 7 illustrates the layout of the optical support plate 100 of an alternative embodiment of a wash light with special effects luminaire utilizing a light engine which employs an array of light engine modules.
• Optical support plate 100 includes a number of LED light sources each with their own associated light guide 104.
• 19 LED light sources arranged with a single centre LED light source having two concentric rings of 6 and 12 LED light sources around it are utilized but in practice use of any number is envisaged.
• the outer ring may be omitted providing a system with 7 LED light sources, or an extra ring or rings may be added providing larger numbers of LED light sources.
• the 19 LED light sources and light guides 104 are here arranged in concentric rings but may be also arranged in other configurations.
• LED light sources and light guides 104 may be fitted with the optical softening diffuser arm 26 system to provide a module as illustrated in Figures 2 through 6.
• a single central LED light source is fitted with the system as module 120.
• any number of the light guides 104 may be fitted with optical softening diffuser system 120.
• the use of a single centrally mounted module 120 surrounded by LED light sources with "fully homogenizing" or at least more homogenizing light guides 104 provides a good combination of effects and standard wash light usage.
• Light guides 104 that are not fitted with optical softening diffuser system 120 may have the exit ports patterned, textured, or diffused or may have diffusion filters similar to 28 and 30 permanently attached to or constmcted as part of the exit port of the light guide or the light guides may be otherwise designedly shaped to "fully homogenize" light such that these guides always produce a smooth, homogenized light output.
• light guides 104 that are fitted with optical softening diffuser system 120 may be remotely controlled to produce either a smooth homogenized output, or a harder edged flower effect as desired by inserting or removing the diffusing filters 28 and 30 across the beam.
• Figure 8 illustrates the system shown in Figure 7 with the optical support plate 100, this time fitted with output lens module 130.
• Output lens module 130 contains an array of lenses, equal in number to the LED light sources and associated light guides shown in Figure 7.
• the lenses may be of differing outline shapes in order to fit together into an aesthetically pleasing design and also to minimize any space wasted in between lenses. Such gaps between lenses may reduce the output of the system, and produce undesirable visible gaps in light output when viewing the luminaire.
• the design presented here is similar to that of a spider's web and provides both functional purpose and aesthetic appeal.
• the lenses, although of differing shapes, may have substantially the same optical properties.
• central lens 132 may be the same optical strength and provide the same optical effect as edge lens 134.
• the lenses associated with LED light sources that are fitted with optical softening diffuser systems 120 such as the lens 132 associated with central module in Figure 7 may have the same or different optical properties as the lenses 134 associated with standard LED modules 104
• Figures 9 and 10 illustrate side elevation views of the system as shown in Figure 8.
• the lens module 130 containing an array of lenses 134 and 132 is positioned close to the light guides 104 and optical softening diffuser system 120 on the central light engine module.
• the central light engine module is of the reduced homogenization type in a center position. In other embodiments this type of module can be placed in a non central location. In further embodiments there may be more than one of these types of light engine modules.
• the reduced homogenizing module may include an electable diffusion module so that its light may be included in a full wash light mode
• a full wash light mode can be achieved by a reduced homogenizing light module without a diffuser but a system that dims to dims out such light modules during a full wash light mode. This dimming may be automatically tied in operation when the user selects a full wash mode or in other embodiments it might be manual.
• all of the modules are of the reduced homogenization type and they all have selectable diffusion module(s).
• the individual light engine modules are controlled individually and in other embodiments the modules are controlled in groups. The groups may be of like like or of like geometric location in the array such as outer ring inner ring etc. These controls would may include color intensity diffusion flag if so equipped, image multiplier if so equipped, zoom lens if mechanically configured to be independently controllable (not shown in the figures).
• optical diffusers 28 and 30 are not positioned across the beam in module 120 then the lens when it is in its distant, narrow angle, position may be focused on the LED and the multiple internal reflections in light guides optically multiply the chip shape which creates a sharp distinct flower effect. If the lens is moved to the close, wide angle, position then, even without the diffuser in place, module 120 will produce a smoother wash style beam with less distinct flower effect. In either case, with diffuser 28 or 30 in place the system in module 120 will produce a smooth homogenized effect, without the flower effect.
• the movement of lens module 130 is produced by motors 106 acting on lead screws 108.
• motors 106 acting on lead screws 108.
• the invention is not so limited and other methods of moving the lenses such as belt systems, linear actuators, rack and pinion gears, and other methods well known in the art are envisaged.
• the lens module 130 is supported by guides 110 such that the motion is constrained to be back and forth along the optical axis of the luminaire.
• the entire array of lenses 134 and 132 moves together as a single module.
• individual lenses or groups of lenses may have their own motor drive systems and be capable of independent movement along the optical axis.
• any lenses associated with LED light sources that are fitted with optical softening diffuser systems 120 such as the central module in Figure 7 may move with the array 130, may be fitted with independent motor control separate from that for the array 130, or may be static with a fixed beam angle.
• lenses 132 and 134 in lens array 130 is such that the individual homogenized beams of light from each of the light beams emitted from the light guides 104 are constrained to further overlap and mix as they leave the lens array 130 providing a smooth, contiguous light beam with a wash light distribution with a large effective source (comprising the total lens array 130) and true blending output distribution.
• Figure 11 illustrates a complete luminaire as may be used in a lighting system such as that illustrated in Figure 1.
• Lens array 130 is visible on the external face of the automated luminaire 100.
• Figure 12 illustrates a further embodiment(s) the output lenses 134 or 132 as may be used in the described system.
• lens 134 comprises a single element constructed, by the use of aspheric surfaces or otherwise, to exhibit achromatic properties.
• the lens 134 does not have a smooth surface, instead there is a
• the lens surface or surfaces are covered with small engineered depressions similar to those on a golf ball.
• the depressions 140 are shown here larger than in reality for ease of illustration. In one embodiment the depressions may be 0.3 mm - 0.4 mm in diameter with a depth of only 0.0001 mm.
• depressions may be used on one or both sides of lens 134 so as to provide achromatic operation of the lens.
• the LED sources feeding light guides 104 and optical softening diffuser system 120 may be individually or collectively controlled as to color and intensity to provide either a coordinated wash light or an effects unit as desired.
• any LED sources fitted with optical softening diffuser system 120 may be controlled such that either they produce the aforementioned dynamic flower effect, or produce a smooth wash beam to match standard light guides 104. The operator may choose to combine or mix these effects to achieve a desired result.

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• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

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• 2017
  • 2017-04-01 WO PCT/US2017/025658 patent/WO2017173429A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2017-04-01 EP EP17733564.3A patent/EP3436740A1/de active Pending
  • 2017-04-01 CN CN201780034567.2A patent/CN109312902B/zh active Active

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