EP3428443B1 - Press-in sleeve for a cylinder head - Google Patents

Press-in sleeve for a cylinder head Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3428443B1
EP3428443B1 EP18177674.1A EP18177674A EP3428443B1 EP 3428443 B1 EP3428443 B1 EP 3428443B1 EP 18177674 A EP18177674 A EP 18177674A EP 3428443 B1 EP3428443 B1 EP 3428443B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
press
sleeve
cylinder head
fit sleeve
fire deck
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18177674.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3428443A1 (en
Inventor
Dimitri Schlee
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Truck and Bus SE
Original Assignee
MAN Truck and Bus SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN Truck and Bus SE filed Critical MAN Truck and Bus SE
Publication of EP3428443A1 publication Critical patent/EP3428443A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3428443B1 publication Critical patent/EP3428443B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/12—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts
    • F01P3/16—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts for cooling fuel injectors or sparking-plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/242—Arrangement of spark plugs or injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M53/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having heating, cooling or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/04—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means
    • F02M53/043—Injectors with heating, cooling, or thermally-insulating means with cooling means other than air cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/14—Arrangements of injectors with respect to engines; Mounting of injectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P13/00—Sparking plugs structurally combined with other parts of internal-combustion engines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01T—SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES
    • H01T13/00—Sparking plugs
    • H01T13/02—Details
    • H01T13/08—Mounting, fixing or sealing of sparking plugs, e.g. in combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F01P2003/024—Cooling cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
    • F02M2200/85—Mounting of fuel injection apparatus
    • F02M2200/858—Mounting of fuel injection apparatus sealing arrangements between injector and engine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a press-in sleeve for insertion in a fire cover opening of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine.
  • a press-in sleeve for sealing and cooling a component projecting through a fire cover opening in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and a corresponding cylinder head are described.
  • Known cylinder heads of an internal combustion engine have at least one dome intended for receiving a spark plug or an injection nozzle per cylinder. Each dome is surrounded by a coolant space.
  • the document DE 41 19 594 C2 describes such a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine.
  • the documents JP S63 160351 U describes a cylinder head with a spark plug, which is housed in a thin-walled storage cylinder, which extends from a fire cover opening of the cylinder head to the opposite end of the cylinder head and is fluid-tightly connected to the cylinder head at both ends by sealing elements.
  • the document FR 2 910 555 A3 describes an injection nozzle which is pressed with its lower end directly into the bore of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, a nozzle also inserted into the bore of the cylinder head exerting pressure from above onto the upper edge of the injection nozzle.
  • Threaded sleeves are increasingly being used for the spark plugs or the injection nozzles in the cylinder head.
  • the use of a sleeve significantly improves the cooling of the spark plug or the injection nozzle due to the thin wall and good thermal conductivity of the sleeve.
  • the manufacture of such cylinder heads is easier.
  • Such sleeves are screwed into the fire deck of a cylinder head.
  • the external thread of the sleeve and the internal thread on the fire deck are sealed.
  • the sleeve is freely supported in the upper area and sealed with an O-ring.
  • Such a conventional sleeve is well suited for the use of a diesel injector, since the tip of the injector is narrow.
  • the injection nozzle itself is inserted from above and has no thread at the end facing the combustion chamber.
  • a spark plug In contrast to the injection nozzle, a spark plug requires considerably more space in the lower area, i. H. in the area facing the combustion chamber, the fire deck. In addition, the spark plug must be screwed in and out with a certain torque. When screwing the spark plug in or out there is a risk of twisting the sleeve relative to the cylinder head, for example unintentionally unscrewing it. This results in additional work steps. Furthermore, the tightness of the thread can be irreversibly damaged.
  • the use of a sleeve requires a larger diameter of the fire deck opening compared to the outer diameter of the injection nozzle or the spark plug, which means that the fatigue strength, especially the fatigue strength and fatigue strength, of the fire deck deteriorate.
  • a further or alternative task is to provide a sleeve for sealing and cooling a component protruding through a fire deck opening in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, which prevents unintentional unscrewing and / or its tightness with respect to the fire deck is not impaired by the replacement of the component.
  • a press-in sleeve for sealing and cooling a component projecting through a fire cover opening in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine.
  • the press-in sleeve comprises a connection point at a first end of the press-in sleeve, which is designed for press-fitting into a depression in an end of the fire cover opening facing away from the combustion chamber.
  • the press-in sleeve comprises a radially inwardly projecting shoulder at a second end of the press-in sleeve opposite the first end and a jacket surface of the press-in sleeve which is closed in a fluid-tight manner between the first end and the second end and is in contact with or can be brought into contact with a water jacket surrounding the press-in sleeve.
  • the press-in sleeve can be arranged or can be arranged between the component and the fire deck (for example between the component and the fire deck opening).
  • the component can comprise an external thread for screwing in the cylinder head (for example in the fire deck opening between the countersink and the combustion chamber).
  • fire deck can refer to a surface of the cylinder head covering the combustion chamber and, perpendicular to this surface, to a partial volume of the cylinder head up to and including the connection point.
  • fire deck opening can refer to a through opening that is located between the combustion chamber and the connection point extends.
  • countersink can be related to the direction of movement of the press-in sleeve, the connection point for press-fitting into the countersink can be "lowered” by moving the press-in sleeve in the direction of the combustion chamber in the cylinder head.
  • connection point can be arranged circumferentially at the first end of the press-in sleeve, for example with respect to a longitudinal axis of the press-in sleeve.
  • the connection point can be rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the press-in sleeve.
  • the depression can be arranged circumferentially at the end of the fire cover opening facing away from the combustion chamber, for example with respect to the longitudinal axis of the press-in sleeve and / or a longitudinal axis of the fire cover opening.
  • the depression can be rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the press-in sleeve and / or the longitudinal axis of the fire deck opening.
  • connection point can be complementary to the lowering.
  • connection point and the countersink can form a press fit in the state of press joining.
  • the fire cover opening and the press-in sleeve can be coaxial in the state of the press fitting.
  • the depression can have a recess or bore which is coaxial with the fire cover opening and whose diameter is larger than a diameter of the fire cover opening (for example at the end of the fire cover opening facing the combustion chamber).
  • the component can comprise an injection nozzle (for example for diesel fuel).
  • the component can comprise a spark plug.
  • connection point can comprise a cylindrical pressing surface.
  • An axial dimension of the connection point can be several times smaller than an axial length of the press-in sleeve. "Axial” can refer to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the press-fit sleeve.
  • the axial dimension of the connection point can be a height of the depression, for example a height of the cylindrical pressing surface.
  • the axial dimension of the connection point can correspond to a distance between the end of the fire deck opening facing away from the combustion chamber (i.e. an end of the depression facing away from the combustion chamber) and an abutment surface of the depression (i.e. an end of the depression facing the combustion chamber).
  • connection point comprises a collar which is curved radially inwards.
  • the end face of the collar ie the side of the collar facing the combustion chamber, can form the contact surface.
  • the contact surface of the connection point of the press-in sleeve can be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the press-in sleeve.
  • the cylindrical pressing surface and / or the contact surface can be designed for fluid-tight connection with the countersink.
  • Training for fluid-tight connection, d. H. the possibility of sealing or the fluid-tight closure with respect to the countersink can comprise a circumferential groove for receiving an O-ring, for example in the pressing surface and / or the contact surface.
  • An O-ring groove can be integrated in the press surface and / or the contact surface for the fluid-tight closure of the first end of the press-in sleeve in the fire deck (for example analogous to a fluid-tight closure of the second end of the press-in sleeve in the cylinder head).
  • the pressing surface and / or the contact surface can be non-positively and / or integrally connected or connectable to the depression.
  • the depression can be filled with an adhesive or spread out before the press joining.
  • the adhesive can contribute to the mechanical connection and / or to the fluid-tight closure of the first end of the press-in sleeve in the fire deck.
  • a diameter (for example an outer diameter) of the press-in sleeve at the first end can be smaller than a diameter (for example an outer diameter) of the press-in sleeve at the second end (for example on the outer circumference of the radially inwardly projecting shoulder).
  • the press-in sleeve can be designed to be pressed into the fire cover opening from the end facing away from the combustion chamber in the direction of the combustion chamber.
  • the press-in sleeve can have different diameters (for example outer diameter) along its longitudinal axis.
  • the diameters (e.g., outer diameters) of the ferrule may be constant or increasing (i.e., growing monotonously) from the first end to the second end.
  • the cylinder head comprises a fire deck with a fire deck opening; a press-in sleeve for sealing and cooling a component projecting through the fire deck opening according to the above aspect; a depression at an end of the fire cover opening facing away from the combustion chamber, which is designed for press-fitting with the connection point at the first end of the press-in sleeve; and a cooling water space adjoining the fire deck for receiving a water jacket which the jacket surface of the press-fit sleeve closes in a fluid-tight manner between the first end and the second end.
  • the fire deck opening can have an internal thread between the depression (for example the end of the depression facing the combustion chamber) and an end of the fire deck opening facing the combustion chamber.
  • the internal thread can be designed for (for example, direct) screw connection to the component.
  • the component can hold down a radially inner shoulder of the connection point to the fire deck opening, for example push it in the direction of the combustion chamber.
  • the component for example the spark plug
  • the component can hold down the radially inner shoulder of the connection point to the fire deck opening via the screw connection.
  • the component for example the injection nozzle
  • the component can hold down the radially inner shoulder of the connection point to the fire deck opening via a claw attached to the cylinder head.
  • the press-in sleeve can be positively connected or connectable to the fire deck by means of the component (for example by fastening the component by means of the screw connection and / or the claw).
  • the component can comprise a projection which is in contact with the radially inner shoulder or can be brought into contact with it.
  • the radially inner shoulder of the connection point can be the combustion chamber-facing side of the inwardly curved collar of the connection point.
  • An inner diameter of an opening of the press-in sleeve at the second end can be larger than a wrench size of the component.
  • the opening can be bordered by the radially inwardly projecting shoulder at the second end.
  • An axial dimension of the fire deck (for example an axial length of the through opening) can be greater than the axial dimension of the connection point.
  • the second end of the press-in sleeve can be closed in a fluid-tight manner with respect to the cylinder head.
  • a seal arranged circumferentially at the second end between the press-in sleeve and the cylinder head can close the cooling water chamber in a fluid-tight manner at the second end.
  • a circumferential groove for receiving the seal (for example an O-ring) can be provided in the cylinder head and / or in the press-in sleeve at a height of the longitudinal axis corresponding to the second end.
  • the vehicle can be a land vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle (for example a commercial vehicle, a passenger car or an off-road vehicle).
  • the commercial vehicle can be, for example, a bus, a truck or a tractor.
  • the vehicle can also be a watercraft.
  • the internal combustion engine of the vehicle can be mechanically coupled or can be coupled with a drive train (for example a propeller or drive wheels) in order to deliver locomotive energy.
  • the internal combustion engine can drive units (for example on-board units or bodies) of the vehicle.
  • the units can be designed to generate electricity or comprise a pump drive (for example to provide hydrostatic drive energy or compressed air).
  • Another aspect relates to the use of such an internal combustion engine, for example in stationary or mobile use.
  • Figure 1 schematically shows a section of an exemplary embodiment of a press-in sleeve, generally designated by reference number 100, for sealing and cooling a component 106 projecting through a fire cover opening 102 in the cylinder head 104 of an internal combustion engine.
  • the press-in sleeve 100 comprises a connection point 108 at a first end 110 of the press-in sleeve 100.
  • the connection point 108 is designed for press-fitting into a depression 112 at an end of the fire cover opening facing away from the combustion chamber 114.
  • the press-in sleeve 100 comprises a radially inwardly projecting shoulder 116 at a second end 118 of the press-in sleeve 100 opposite the first end 110 and a jacket surface which is closed in a fluid-tight manner between the first end 110 and the second end 118 120, which is or can be brought into heat exchange with a water jacket 122 surrounding the press-in sleeve 100.
  • the press-in sleeve 100 can be pulled out of the depression 112 by the radially inwardly projecting shoulder 116. Furthermore, the component 106 for electrical and / or fluidic feed lines protrudes through an opening at the second end enclosed by the inwardly projecting shoulder 116. In in Figure 1 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the component 106 comprises a spark plug.
  • the press-in sleeve 100 is non-positively arranged in the state 112 in the fire deck opening 102 in the fire deck 124 at the first end 110 through the connection point 108 in the depression 112.
  • An inner surface of the fire deck opening 102 interacts directly (for example, non-positively and / or positively) with the component 106.
  • an inner diameter of the fire cover opening 102 is smaller than in the case of conventional sleeves, which extend over the entire length of the fire cover opening 102 in the fire deck 124, and for example with an external thread Are screwed into the fire deck opening.
  • fire deck opening 102 may refer to a lowermost portion (i.e. the fire deck portion) of a cylinder head passage.
  • the cylinder head passage can comprise a total of several coaxial (for example stepped in diameter) bores through the entire cylinder head 104.
  • a cooling water chamber 126 for receiving the water jacket 122 borders on the fire deck 124. Since the press-in sleeve 100 directly contacts the component 106 at the first end 110, and the jacket surface 120 of the press-in sleeve 100 is in extensive heat exchange with the water jacket 122, effective cooling of the component is achieved 106 ensured.
  • connection point 108 comprises a circumferential, for example cylindrical, pressing surface 128.
  • the pressing surface 128 cooperates with the countersink 112 by radial pressure forces.
  • This press fit of the press surface 128 in the depression 112 extends parallel to a longitudinal axis of the press sleeve 100 over an axial dimension 130 of the connection point 108. That is, the axial dimension 130 of the connection point 108 in the direction of the longitudinal axis is the overlap between the press surface 128 and one cylindrical inner surface of counterbore 112 in fire deck 124.
  • the axial dimension 130 of the connection point 108 is several times smaller (ie a fraction significantly smaller than half) of an axial length 134 of the press-in sleeve 100.
  • the axial length 134 is the total length of the press-in sleeve from the first end 100 to the second end 118 along the longitudinal axis the press-in sleeve 100.
  • the fire cover opening 102 comprises an internal thread 136 between the countersink 112 and an end of the fire cover opening 102 facing the combustion chamber 114 for direct screw connection between the fire cover 124 and the component 106.
  • the component 106 comprises above an external thread which interacts with the internal thread 136 is formed, a (for example, all-round closed) projection.
  • the cantilever of the component 106 lies within the press-in sleeve 100 against a shoulder 144 of the connection point 108 or can be brought into contact with the shoulder 144.
  • connection point 108 at the first end 110 of the press-in sleeve 100 is arranged in the state of press-fitting between the component 106 (more precisely the overhang of the component 106) and the fire deck 124 (more precisely the depression 112 in the fire deck 124).
  • the component 106 holds the connection point 108 positively in the depression 112 of the fire deck 124 via the screw connection on the internal thread 136 of the fire deck opening 102 and the contact with the radially inner shoulder 144 of the press-in sleeve 100.
  • the press-in sleeve does not extend through the entire fire deck 124.
  • the axial dimension 130 of the connection point 108 is smaller, for example several times smaller, than one axial dimension 142 of the fire deck 124 between the countersink 112 and the combustion chamber 114.
  • the distance between the combustion chamber 114 and the press-in sleeve 100 according to the axial dimension 142 can prevent a thermal short circuit between the combustion chamber 114 and the water jacket 122.
  • Figure 2 schematically shows a three-dimensional sectional view with a sectional plane through the cylinder head 104 and the press-in sleeve 100 arranged therein.
  • the longitudinal axis of the press-in sleeve 100 is (in the vertical direction in FIG Figure 2 ) within the cutting plane.
  • a spark plug is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the press-in sleeve 100 as an example of the component 106 in the press-in sleeve 100.
  • a wrench size 140 of the component 106 is smaller than an inner diameter 138 of the opening of the sleeve 100 at the second end 118.
  • a key for example a hexagon socket wrench, can be opened through the opening of the sleeve 100 on the radially inwardly projecting shoulder 116 of the press-in sleeve 100 assembled component 106 to unscrew the component 106.
  • no torque is transmitted to the press-in sleeve 100 during unscrewing, as a result of which the press-on sleeve 100 remains fastened to the first end 110 even after being unscrewed.
  • a seal 146 is arranged circumferentially at the second end 118 between the press-in sleeve 100 and the filter head 104, which seals the outer surface 120 to the cooling water chamber 126 at the second end 118 in a fluid-tight manner.
  • a circumferential groove is provided above (ie on the side facing away from the combustion chamber 114) of the cooling water chamber 126 in the cylinder head 104 for receiving an O-ring.
  • the press-in sleeve 100 is glued to the connection point 108, in addition to the press connection.
  • a seal for.
  • an O-ring can be arranged in an O-ring groove (on the part of the press-in sleeve 100 or the fire deck 124) in order to seal the cooling water chamber 126 to the combustion chamber 114 at the first end 110.
  • the press-in sleeve 100 for sealing and cooling a spark plug is described as an example of the component 106
  • the press-in sleeve 100 and its functions can be implemented by further exemplary embodiments for each component 106 projecting through the fire cover opening 102 in the cylinder head 104 of the internal combustion engine.
  • each component 106 that tapers toward the combustion chamber 114 for example an injection nozzle for diesel fuel, can be sealed and cooled by an exemplary embodiment of the press-in sleeve 100.
  • the internal thread 136 between the countersink 112 and the combustion chamber 114 can be omitted.
  • an injection nozzle can be attached as component 106 by a press fit in the fire cover opening 102.
  • Assembly of the component 106 by means of an exemplary embodiment of the press-in sleeve 100 can include a step of pressing the press-in sleeve 100 onto a pressing device with a specific pressing force, and a subsequent step of screwing or pressing in the component 106.
  • the press-in sleeve 100 can be pressed into the depression 112 when the component 106 is screwed in or pressed in, i. H. simultaneously with the assembly of the component 106. In the latter case, the component 106 presses the press-in sleeve 100 into the depression 112 (for example by means of its projection).
  • Disassembly of the press-in sleeve 100 on the cylinder head 104 can include the step of pulling or unscrewing the component 106 and the subsequent step of pulling off the press-in sleeve on the radially inwardly projecting shoulder 116.
  • the connection between the press-in sleeve 100 and the cylinder head 104 remains detachable and repairable.
  • the press-in sleeve 100 enables the cylinder head 104 to be manufactured more cheaply, in particular an automated assembly of the press-in sleeve 100 and / or the component 106.
  • the cutting of an additional thread in the fire cover opening for fastening a conventional sleeve can be omitted.
  • a lowering 112 is provided in the fire deck 124 for the press fit of the press-in sleeve 100, which does not extend continuously over the axial dimension 142 of the fire deck 124 to the combustion chamber 114.
  • the axial dimension 130 of the connection point 108 is 5 mm or less.
  • An internal thread 136 for the component 106 (for example a spark plug) can be cut into the fire deck 124 or a simple bore for the component 106 (for example a diesel injector) can be drilled.
  • the press-in sleeve 100 thus enables a diameter of the fire cover opening 102 toward the combustion chamber 114 that is limited to the outer diameter of the respective component 106. Due to the smaller opening tailored to the outer diameter of the component 106 at the end of the fire deck opening 102 facing the combustion chamber 114, a higher strength of the fire deck can be achieved.
  • the press-in sleeve 100 is pressed into the fire deck 124 and optionally glued.
  • the component 106 additionally holds the press-in sleeve 100 in position.
  • the press-in sleeve 100 is held in the fire deck 124 in a force-fitting and form-fitting manner, and optionally in a material-fitting manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Einpresshülse zum Einsetzen in einer Feuerdecköffnung eines Zylinderkopfs einer Brennkraftmaschine. Insbesondere sind eine Einpresshülse zum Abdichten und Kühlen eines durch eine Feuerdecköffnung im Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine ragenden Bauteils und ein entsprechender Zylinderkopf beschrieben.The present invention relates to a press-in sleeve for insertion in a fire cover opening of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine. In particular, a press-in sleeve for sealing and cooling a component projecting through a fire cover opening in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and a corresponding cylinder head are described.

Bekannte Zylinderköpfe einer Brennkraftmaschine weisen je Zylinder mindestens einen zur Aufnahme einer Zündkerze oder einer Einspritzdüse bestimmten Dom auf. Jeder Dom ist von einem Kühlflüssigkeitsraum umgeben. Das Dokument DE 41 19 594 C2 beschreibt einen solchen Zylinderkopf für eine Brennkraftmaschine.Known cylinder heads of an internal combustion engine have at least one dome intended for receiving a spark plug or an injection nozzle per cylinder. Each dome is surrounded by a coolant space. The document DE 41 19 594 C2 describes such a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine.

Das Dokumente J P S63 160351 U beschreibt einen Zylinderkopf mit einer Zündkerze, welche in einem dünnwandigen Aufbewahrungszylinder untergebracht ist, der sich von einer Feuerdecköffnung des Zylinderkopfs bis zum entgegengesetzten Ende des Zylinderkopfs erstreckt und an beiden Enden durch Dichtungselemente mit dem Zylinderkopf fluiddicht verbunden ist.The documents JP S63 160351 U describes a cylinder head with a spark plug, which is housed in a thin-walled storage cylinder, which extends from a fire cover opening of the cylinder head to the opposite end of the cylinder head and is fluid-tightly connected to the cylinder head at both ends by sealing elements.

Das Dokument FR 2 910 555 A3 beschreibt eine Einspritzdüse, die mit ihrem unteren Ende direkt in die Bohrung eines Zylinderkopfs eines Verbrennungsmotors gepresst wird, wobei ein ebenfalls in die Bohrung des Zylinderkopfs eingeführter Stutzen von oben Druck auf den oberen Rand der Einspritzdüse ausübt.The document FR 2 910 555 A3 describes an injection nozzle which is pressed with its lower end directly into the bore of a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, a nozzle also inserted into the bore of the cylinder head exerting pressure from above onto the upper edge of the injection nozzle.

Immer häufiger werden Gewindehülsen für die Zündkerzen oder die Einspritzdüsen im Zylinderkopf eingesetzt. Im Vergleich zum angegossenen Dom verbessert der Einsatz einer Hülse die Kühlung der Zündkerze bzw. der Einspritzdüse deutlich aufgrund einer dünnen Wand und einer guten Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Hülse. Weiterhin ist die Herstellung solcher Zylinderköpfe einfacher.Threaded sleeves are increasingly being used for the spark plugs or the injection nozzles in the cylinder head. Compared to the cast-on dome, the use of a sleeve significantly improves the cooling of the spark plug or the injection nozzle due to the thin wall and good thermal conductivity of the sleeve. Furthermore, the manufacture of such cylinder heads is easier.

Herkömmlicherweise werden solche Hülsen ins Feuerdeck eines Zylinderkopfes eingeschraubt. Das Außengewinde der Hülse und das Innengewinde am Feuerdeck werden dabei abgedichtet. Im oberen Bereich ist die Hülse frei gelagert und mittels eines O-Rings abgedichtet. Eine solche herkömmliche Hülse ist für den Einsatz einer Diesel-Einspritzdüse gut geeignet, da die Spitze der Einspritzdüse schmal ist. Die Einspritzdüse selbst wird von oben eingeführt und hat kein Gewinde am der Brennkammer zugewandten Ende.Conventionally, such sleeves are screwed into the fire deck of a cylinder head. The external thread of the sleeve and the internal thread on the fire deck are sealed. The sleeve is freely supported in the upper area and sealed with an O-ring. Such a conventional sleeve is well suited for the use of a diesel injector, since the tip of the injector is narrow. The injection nozzle itself is inserted from above and has no thread at the end facing the combustion chamber.

Im Gegensatz zur Einspritzdüse benötigt eine Zündkerze erheblich mehr Platz im unteren Bereich, d. h. im der Brennkammer zugewandten Bereich, des Feuerdecks. Außerdem muss die Zündkerze mit einem bestimmten Drehmoment ein- und ausgeschraubt werden. Beim Ein- bzw. Ausschrauben der Zündkerze besteht die Gefahr, die Hülse gegenüber dem Zylinderkopf zu verdrehen, beispielsweise unbeabsichtigt auszuschrauben. Dadurch ergeben sich zusätzliche Arbeitsschritte. Ferner kann die Dichtheit des Gewindes irreversibel beschädigt werden.In contrast to the injection nozzle, a spark plug requires considerably more space in the lower area, i. H. in the area facing the combustion chamber, the fire deck. In addition, the spark plug must be screwed in and out with a certain torque. When screwing the spark plug in or out there is a risk of twisting the sleeve relative to the cylinder head, for example unintentionally unscrewing it. This results in additional work steps. Furthermore, the tightness of the thread can be irreversibly damaged.

Überdies erfordert der Einsatz einer Hülse einen größeren Durchmesser der Feuerdecköffnung im Vergleich zum Außendurchmesser der Einspritzdüse bzw. der Zündkerze, wodurch sich die Schwingfestigkeit, insbesondere die Biegewechselfestigkeit und die Dauerfestigkeit, des Feuerdecks verschlechtert.In addition, the use of a sleeve requires a larger diameter of the fire deck opening compared to the outer diameter of the injection nozzle or the spark plug, which means that the fatigue strength, especially the fatigue strength and fatigue strength, of the fire deck deteriorate.

Somit besteht die Aufgabe, eine Hülse zum Abdichten und Kühlen eines durch eine Feuerdecköffnung im Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine ragenden Bauteils anzugeben, welche eine kompaktere Bauweise in der Feuerdecköffnung ermöglicht. Eine weitergehende oder alternative Aufgabe ist, eine Hülse zum Abdichten und Kühlen eines durch eine Feuerdecköffnung im Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine ragenden Bauteils anzugeben, welche ein unabsichtliches Ausschrauben vermeidet und/oder deren Dichtheit gegenüber dem Feuerdeck nicht durch den Austausch des Bauteils beeinträchtigt wird.It is therefore the task of specifying a sleeve for sealing and cooling a component which projects through a fire cover opening in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine and which enables a more compact design in the fire cover opening. A further or alternative task is to provide a sleeve for sealing and cooling a component protruding through a fire deck opening in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, which prevents unintentional unscrewing and / or its tightness with respect to the fire deck is not impaired by the replacement of the component.

Diese Aufgabe bzw. Aufgaben werden durch eine Einpresshülse, einen Zylinderkopf mit einer solchen Einpresshülse sowie einem Fahrzeug mit einem solchen Zylinderkopf mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen und Anwendungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche und werden in der folgenden Beschreibung unter teilweiser Bezugnahme auf die Figuren näher erläutert.This task or tasks are solved by a press-in sleeve, a cylinder head with such a press-in sleeve and a vehicle with such a cylinder head with the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments and applications of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims and are explained in more detail in the following description with partial reference to the figures.

Gemäß einem Aspekt der Erfindung ist eine Einpresshülse zum Abdichten und Kühlen eines durch eine Feuerdecköffnung im Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine ragenden Bauteils bereitgestellt. Die Einpresshülse umfasst eine Verbindungsstelle an einem ersten Ende der Einpresshülse, welche zum Pressfügen in eine Senkung an einem Brennraum-abgewandten Ende der Feuerdecköffnung ausgebildet ist. Ferner umfasst die Einpresshülse einen radial nach innen kragenden Absatz an einem dem ersten Ende gegenüberliegenden zweiten Ende der Einpresshülse und eine zwischen dem ersten Ende und dem zweiten Ende fluiddicht geschlossene Mantelfläche der Einpresshülse, die mit einem die Einpresshülse umgebenden Wassermantel in Kontakt steht oder bringbar ist.According to one aspect of the invention, a press-in sleeve is provided for sealing and cooling a component projecting through a fire cover opening in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine. The press-in sleeve comprises a connection point at a first end of the press-in sleeve, which is designed for press-fitting into a depression in an end of the fire cover opening facing away from the combustion chamber. Furthermore, the press-in sleeve comprises a radially inwardly projecting shoulder at a second end of the press-in sleeve opposite the first end and a jacket surface of the press-in sleeve which is closed in a fluid-tight manner between the first end and the second end and is in contact with or can be brought into contact with a water jacket surrounding the press-in sleeve.

Die Einpresshülse kann zwischen dem Bauteil und dem Feuerdeck (beispielsweise zwischen dem Bauteil und der Feuerdecköffnung) angeordnet oder anordenbar sein. Das Bauteil kann ein Außengewinde zum Verschrauben im Zylinderkopf (beispielsweise in der Feuerdecköffnung zwischen der Senkung und dem Brennraum) umfassen.The press-in sleeve can be arranged or can be arranged between the component and the fire deck (for example between the component and the fire deck opening). The component can comprise an external thread for screwing in the cylinder head (for example in the fire deck opening between the countersink and the combustion chamber).

Der Begriff "Feuerdeck" kann sich auf eine den Brennraum überdeckende Fläche des Zylinderkopfs und, senkrecht zu dieser Fläche, auf ein Teilvolumen des Zylinderkopfs bis einschließlich zur Verbindungsstelle beziehen. Der Begriff "Feuerdecköffnung" kann sich auf eine Durchgangsöffnung beziehen, die sich zwischen dem Brennraum und der Verbindungsstelle erstreckt. Der Begriff "Senkung" kann in Zusammenhang mit der Bewegungsrichtung der Einpresshülse stehen, deren Verbindungsstelle zum Pressfügen in die Senkung durch Bewegen der Einpresshülse in Richtung des Brennraums im Zylinderkopf "abgesenkt" werden kann. Die Verbindungsstelle kann am ersten Ende der Einpresshülle umlaufend angeordnet sein, beispielsweise bezüglich einer Längsachse der Einpresshülse. Die Verbindungsstelle kann rotationssymmetrisch bezüglich der Längsachse der Einpresshülse sein.The term "fire deck" can refer to a surface of the cylinder head covering the combustion chamber and, perpendicular to this surface, to a partial volume of the cylinder head up to and including the connection point. The term "fire deck opening" can refer to a through opening that is located between the combustion chamber and the connection point extends. The term "countersink" can be related to the direction of movement of the press-in sleeve, the connection point for press-fitting into the countersink can be "lowered" by moving the press-in sleeve in the direction of the combustion chamber in the cylinder head. The connection point can be arranged circumferentially at the first end of the press-in sleeve, for example with respect to a longitudinal axis of the press-in sleeve. The connection point can be rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the press-in sleeve.

Die Senkung kann am Brennraum-abgewandten Ende der Feuerdecköffnung umlaufend angeordnet sein, beispielsweise bezüglich der Längsachse der Einpresshülse und/oder einer Längsachse der Feuerdecköffnung. Die Senkung kann rotationssymmetrisch bezüglich der Längsachse der Einpresshülse und/oder der Längsachse der Feuerdecköffnung sein.The depression can be arranged circumferentially at the end of the fire cover opening facing away from the combustion chamber, for example with respect to the longitudinal axis of the press-in sleeve and / or a longitudinal axis of the fire cover opening. The depression can be rotationally symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the press-in sleeve and / or the longitudinal axis of the fire deck opening.

Die Verbindungsstelle kann komplementär zur Senkung ausgebildet sein. Die Verbindungsstelle und die Senkung können im Zustand der Pressfügung einen Presssitz ausbilden. Die Feuerdecköffnung und die Einpresshülse können im Zustand der Pressfügung koaxial sein. Die Senkung kann eine zur Feuerdecköffnung koaxiale Ausnehmung oder Bohrung aufweisen, deren Durchmesser größer als ein Durchmesser der Feuerdecköffnung (beispielsweise am Brennraum-zugewandten Ende der Feuerdecköffnung) ist.The connection point can be complementary to the lowering. The connection point and the countersink can form a press fit in the state of press joining. The fire cover opening and the press-in sleeve can be coaxial in the state of the press fitting. The depression can have a recess or bore which is coaxial with the fire cover opening and whose diameter is larger than a diameter of the fire cover opening (for example at the end of the fire cover opening facing the combustion chamber).

Das Bauteil kann eine Einspritzdüse (beispielsweise für Diesel-Kraftstoff) umfassen. Alternativ oder ergänzend kann das Bauteil eine Zündkerze umfassen.The component can comprise an injection nozzle (for example for diesel fuel). Alternatively or in addition, the component can comprise a spark plug.

Die Verbindungsstelle kann eine zylindrische Pressfläche umfassen. Ein axiales Maß der Verbindungsstelle kann mehrfach kleiner als eine axiale Länge der Einpresshülse sein. "Axial" kann sich auf die Richtung der Längsachse der Einpresshülle beziehen. Das axiale Maß der Verbindungsstelle kann eine Höhe der Senkung, beispielsweise eine Höhe der zylindrischen Pressfläche, sein. Das axiale Maß der Verbindungsstelle kann einem Abstand zwischen dem Brennraum-abgewandten Ende der Feuerdecköffnung (d. h., einem Brennraum-abgewandten Ende der Senkung) und einer Anlagefläche der Senkung (d. h., einem Brennraum-zugewandten Ende der Senkung) entsprechen.The connection point can comprise a cylindrical pressing surface. An axial dimension of the connection point can be several times smaller than an axial length of the press-in sleeve. "Axial" can refer to the direction of the longitudinal axis of the press-fit sleeve. The axial dimension of the connection point can be a height of the depression, for example a height of the cylindrical pressing surface. The axial dimension of the connection point can correspond to a distance between the end of the fire deck opening facing away from the combustion chamber (i.e. an end of the depression facing away from the combustion chamber) and an abutment surface of the depression (i.e. an end of the depression facing the combustion chamber).

Die Verbindungsstelle umfasst einen radial nach innen gekrümmten Kragen. Die Stirnfläche des Kragens, d. h., die Brennraum-zugewandte Seite des Kragens, kann die Anlagefläche bilden. Die Anlagefläche der Verbindungsstelle der Einpresshülle kann senkrecht zur Längsachse der Einpresshülle sein.The connection point comprises a collar which is curved radially inwards. The end face of the collar, ie the side of the collar facing the combustion chamber, can form the contact surface. The contact surface of the connection point of the press-in sleeve can be perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the press-in sleeve.

Die zylindrische Pressfläche und/oder die Anlagefläche können zur fluiddichten Verbindung mit der Senkung ausgebildet sein. Die Ausbildung zur fluiddichten Verbindung, d. h. die Abdichtmöglichkeit oder der fluiddichte Verschluss bezüglich der Senkung, kann eine umlaufende Nut zur Aufnahme eines O-Rings, zum Beispiel in der Pressfläche und/oder der Anlagefläche, umfassen. In der Pressfläche und/oder der Anlagefläche kann jeweils eine O-Ring-Nut integriert sein zum fluiddichten Verschluss des ersten Endes der Einpresshülse im Feuerdeck (beispielsweise analog zu einem fluiddichten Verschluss des zweiten Endes der Einpresshülse im Zylinderkopf).The cylindrical pressing surface and / or the contact surface can be designed for fluid-tight connection with the countersink. Training for fluid-tight connection, d. H. the possibility of sealing or the fluid-tight closure with respect to the countersink can comprise a circumferential groove for receiving an O-ring, for example in the pressing surface and / or the contact surface. An O-ring groove can be integrated in the press surface and / or the contact surface for the fluid-tight closure of the first end of the press-in sleeve in the fire deck (for example analogous to a fluid-tight closure of the second end of the press-in sleeve in the cylinder head).

Die Pressfläche und/oder die Anlagefläche können kraftschlüssig und/oder stoffschlüssig mit der Senkung verbunden oder verbindbar sein. Beispielsweise kann die Senkung vor dem Pressfügen mit einem Klebstoff gefüllt oder ausgestrichen sein. Der Klebstoff kann zur mechanischen Verbindung und/oder zum fluiddichten Verschluss des ersten Endes der Einpresshülse im Feuerdeck beitragen.The pressing surface and / or the contact surface can be non-positively and / or integrally connected or connectable to the depression. For example, the depression can be filled with an adhesive or spread out before the press joining. The adhesive can contribute to the mechanical connection and / or to the fluid-tight closure of the first end of the press-in sleeve in the fire deck.

Ein Durchmesser (beispielsweise ein Außendurchmesser) der Einpresshülse kann am ersten Ende (beispielsweise an der zylindrischen Pressfläche) kleiner als ein Durchmesser (beispielsweise ein Außendurchmesser) der Einpresshülse am zweiten Ende (beispielsweise am Außenumfang des radial nach innen kragenden Absatzes) sein. Die Einpresshülse kann dazu ausgebildet sein, vom Brennraum-abgewandten Ende in Richtung des Brennraums in die Feuerdecköffnung eingepresst zu werden. Die Einpresshülse kann entlang ihrer Längsachse unterschiedliche Durchmesser (beispielsweise Außendurchmesser) aufweisen. Die Durchmesser (beispielsweise die Außendurchmesser) der Einpresshülse können vom ersten Ende zum zweiten Ende gleichbleibend oder zunehmend sein (d. h. monoton wachsen).A diameter (for example an outer diameter) of the press-in sleeve at the first end (for example on the cylindrical pressing surface) can be smaller than a diameter (for example an outer diameter) of the press-in sleeve at the second end (for example on the outer circumference of the radially inwardly projecting shoulder). The press-in sleeve can be designed to be pressed into the fire cover opening from the end facing away from the combustion chamber in the direction of the combustion chamber. The press-in sleeve can have different diameters (for example outer diameter) along its longitudinal axis. The diameters (e.g., outer diameters) of the ferrule may be constant or increasing (i.e., growing monotonously) from the first end to the second end.

Ein weiterer Aspekt betrifft einen Zylinderkopf einer Brennkraftmaschine. Der Zylinderkopf umfasst ein Feuerdeck mit einer Feuerdecköffnung; eine Einpresshülse zum Abdichten und Kühlen eines durch die Feuerdecköffnung ragenden Bauteils gemäß dem vorstehenden Aspekt; eine Senkung an einem Brennraum-abgewandten Ende der Feuerdecköffnung, welche zum Pressfügen mit der Verbindungsstelle am ersten Ende der Einpresshülse ausgebildet ist; und einen an das Feuerdeck grenzenden Kühlwasserraum zur Aufnahme eines Wassermantels, den die Mantelfläche der Einpresshülse zwischen dem ersten Ende und dem zweiten Ende fluiddicht verschließt.Another aspect relates to a cylinder head of an internal combustion engine. The cylinder head comprises a fire deck with a fire deck opening; a press-in sleeve for sealing and cooling a component projecting through the fire deck opening according to the above aspect; a depression at an end of the fire cover opening facing away from the combustion chamber, which is designed for press-fitting with the connection point at the first end of the press-in sleeve; and a cooling water space adjoining the fire deck for receiving a water jacket which the jacket surface of the press-fit sleeve closes in a fluid-tight manner between the first end and the second end.

Die Feuerdecköffnung kann zwischen der Senkung (beispielsweise dem der Brennkammer zugewandten Ende der Senkung) und einem Brennkammer-zugewandten Ende der Feuerdecköffnung ein Innengewinde aufweisen. Das Innengewinde kann zur (beispielsweise direkten) Schraubverbindung mit dem Bauteil ausgebildet sein.The fire deck opening can have an internal thread between the depression (for example the end of the depression facing the combustion chamber) and an end of the fire deck opening facing the combustion chamber. The internal thread can be designed for (for example, direct) screw connection to the component.

Das Bauteil kann einen radial innenliegenden Absatz der Verbindungsstelle zur Feuerdecköffnung niederhalten, beispielsweise in Richtung der Brennkammer drücken. Das Bauteil (beispielsweise die Zündkerze) kann über die Schraubverbindung den radial innenliegenden Absatz der Verbindungsstelle zur Feuerdecköffnung niederhalten. Alternativ oder ergänzend kann das Bauteil (beispielsweise die Einspritzdüse) über eine am Zylinderkopf befestigte Pratze den radial innenliegenden Absatz der Verbindungsstelle zur Feuerdecköffnung niederhalten.The component can hold down a radially inner shoulder of the connection point to the fire deck opening, for example push it in the direction of the combustion chamber. The component (for example the spark plug) can hold down the radially inner shoulder of the connection point to the fire deck opening via the screw connection. Alternatively or in addition, the component (for example the injection nozzle) can hold down the radially inner shoulder of the connection point to the fire deck opening via a claw attached to the cylinder head.

Die Einpresshülse kann mittels des Bauteils (beispielsweise durch eine Befestigung des Bauteils mittels der Schraubverbindung und/oder der Pratze) formschlüssig mit dem Feuerdeck verbunden oder verbindbar sein.The press-in sleeve can be positively connected or connectable to the fire deck by means of the component (for example by fastening the component by means of the screw connection and / or the claw).

Zum Niederhalten der Verbindungsstelle kann das Bauteil eine am radial innenliegenden Absatz anliegende oder in Anlage bringbare Auskragung umfassen. Der radial innenliegende Absatz der Verbindungsstelle kann die Brennkammer-abgewandte Seite des nach innen gekrümmten Kragens der Verbindungsstelle sein.To hold down the connection point, the component can comprise a projection which is in contact with the radially inner shoulder or can be brought into contact with it. The radially inner shoulder of the connection point can be the combustion chamber-facing side of the inwardly curved collar of the connection point.

Ein Innendurchmesser einer Öffnung der Einpresshülse am zweiten Ende kann größer als eine Schlüsselweite des Bauteils sein. Die Öffnung kann vom radial nach innen kragenden Absatz am zweiten Ende berandet sein.An inner diameter of an opening of the press-in sleeve at the second end can be larger than a wrench size of the component. The opening can be bordered by the radially inwardly projecting shoulder at the second end.

Ein axiales Maß des Feuerdecks (beispielsweise eine axiale Länge der Durchgangsöffnung) kann größer als das axiale Maß der Verbindungsstelle sein.An axial dimension of the fire deck (for example an axial length of the through opening) can be greater than the axial dimension of the connection point.

Das zweite Ende der Einpresshülse kann zum Zylinderkopf fluiddicht geschlossen sein. Eine am zweiten Ende zwischen der Einpresshülse und dem Zylinderkopf umlaufend angeordnete Dichtung kann den Kühlwasserraum am zweiten Ende fluiddicht verschließen. Im Zylinderkopf und/oder in der Einpresshülse kann auf einer dem zweiten Ende entsprechenden Höhe der Längsachse eine umlaufende Nut zur Aufnahme der Dichtung (beispielsweise eines O-Rings) vorgesehen sein.The second end of the press-in sleeve can be closed in a fluid-tight manner with respect to the cylinder head. A seal arranged circumferentially at the second end between the press-in sleeve and the cylinder head can close the cooling water chamber in a fluid-tight manner at the second end. A circumferential groove for receiving the seal (for example an O-ring) can be provided in the cylinder head and / or in the press-in sleeve at a height of the longitudinal axis corresponding to the second end.

Ein weiterer Aspekt betrifft ein Fahrzeug, das einen Zylinderkopf gemäß dem vorstehenden Aspekt umfasst. Das Fahrzeug kann ein Landfahrzeug, insbesondere ein Kraftfahrzeug (beispielsweise ein Nutzfahrzeug, ein Personenkraftwagen oder ein Off-Road-Fahrzeug) sein. Das Nutzfahrzeug kann beispielsweise ein Bus, ein Lastkraftwagen oder eine Zugmaschine sein. Das Fahrzeug kann ferner ein Wasserfahrzeug sein.Another aspect relates to a vehicle that includes a cylinder head according to the above aspect. The vehicle can be a land vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle (for example a commercial vehicle, a passenger car or an off-road vehicle). The commercial vehicle can be, for example, a bus, a truck or a tractor. The vehicle can also be a watercraft.

Die Brennkraftmaschine des Fahrzeugs kann zur Abgabe von Fortbewegungsenergie mit einem Antriebsstrang (beispielsweise einer Schiffsschraube oder Antriebsrädern) mechanisch gekoppelt oder koppelbar sein. Alternativ oder ergänzend kann die Brennkraftmaschine Aggregate (beispielsweise Bordaggregate oder Aufbauten) des Fahrzeugs antreiben. Die Aggregate können zur Stromerzeugung ausgebildet sein oder einen Pumpenantrieb (beispielsweise zur Bereitstellung hydrostatischer Antriebsenergie oder Druckluft) umfassen.The internal combustion engine of the vehicle can be mechanically coupled or can be coupled with a drive train (for example a propeller or drive wheels) in order to deliver locomotive energy. Alternatively or additionally, the internal combustion engine can drive units (for example on-board units or bodies) of the vehicle. The units can be designed to generate electricity or comprise a pump drive (for example to provide hydrostatic drive energy or compressed air).

Ein weiterer Aspekt betrifft die Verwendung einer solchen Brennkraftmaschine, beispielsweise im stationären oder mobilen Einsatz.Another aspect relates to the use of such an internal combustion engine, for example in stationary or mobile use.

Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung werden im Folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die beigefügten Zeichnungen beschrieben. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine schematische, perspektivische Schnittdarstellung entlang einer Längsachse eines Ausführungsbeispiels der Einpresshülse in einem beispielhaften Zylinderkopf; und
Figur 2
einen schematischen, perspektivischen Schnitt des Ausführungsbeispiels der Figur 1 mit perspektivischer Darstellung eines darin angeordneten, beispielhaften Bauteils.
Further features and advantages of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Figure 1
a schematic, perspective sectional view along a longitudinal axis of an embodiment of the press-fit sleeve in an exemplary cylinder head; and
Figure 2
a schematic, perspective section of the embodiment of Figure 1 with a perspective view of an example component arranged therein.

Figur 1 zeigt schematisch einen Schnitt eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer allgemein mit Bezugszeichen 100 bezeichneten Einpresshülse zum Abdichten und Kühlen eines durch eine Feuerdecköffnung 102 im Zylinderkopf 104 einer Brennkraftmaschine ragenden Bauteils 106. Figure 1 schematically shows a section of an exemplary embodiment of a press-in sleeve, generally designated by reference number 100, for sealing and cooling a component 106 projecting through a fire cover opening 102 in the cylinder head 104 of an internal combustion engine.

Die Einpresshülse 100 umfasst eine Verbindungsstelle 108 an einem ersten Ende 110 der Einpresshülse 100. Die Verbindungsstelle 108 ist zum Pressfügen in eine Senkung 112 an einem vom Brennraum 114 abgewandten Ende der Feuerdecköffnung ausgebildet.The press-in sleeve 100 comprises a connection point 108 at a first end 110 of the press-in sleeve 100. The connection point 108 is designed for press-fitting into a depression 112 at an end of the fire cover opening facing away from the combustion chamber 114.

Die Einpresshülse 100 umfasst einen radial nach innen kragenden Absatz 116 an einem dem ersten Ende 110 gegenüberliegenden zweiten Ende 118 der Einpresshülse 100 und eine zwischen dem ersten Ende 110 und dem zweiten Ende 118 fluiddicht geschlossenen Mantelfläche 120, die mit einem die Einpresshülse 100 umgebenden Wassermantel 122 in Wärmeaustausch steht oder bringbar ist.The press-in sleeve 100 comprises a radially inwardly projecting shoulder 116 at a second end 118 of the press-in sleeve 100 opposite the first end 110 and a jacket surface which is closed in a fluid-tight manner between the first end 110 and the second end 118 120, which is or can be brought into heat exchange with a water jacket 122 surrounding the press-in sleeve 100.

Durch den radial nach innen kragenden Absatz 116 ist die Einpresshülse 100 aus der Senkung 112 abziehbar. Ferner ragt das Bauteil 106 für elektrische und/oder fluidische Zuleitungen durch eine vom nach innen kragenden Absatz 116 umschlossene Öffnung am zweiten Ende. Im in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst das Bauteil 106 eine Zündkerze.The press-in sleeve 100 can be pulled out of the depression 112 by the radially inwardly projecting shoulder 116. Furthermore, the component 106 for electrical and / or fluidic feed lines protrudes through an opening at the second end enclosed by the inwardly projecting shoulder 116. In in Figure 1 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the component 106 comprises a spark plug.

Die Einpresshülse 100 ist im Zustand der Pressfügung innerhalb der Feuerdecköffnung 102 im Feuerdeck 124 am ersten Ende 110 durch die Verbindungsstelle 108 in der Senkung 112 kraftschlüssig angeordnet. Eine Innenfläche der Feuerdecköffnung 102 wirkt direkt (beispielsweise kraft- und/oder formschlüssig) mit dem Bauteil 106 zusammen. Dadurch ist ein Innendurchmesser der Feuerdecköffnung 102, genauer ein Innendurchmesser der Feuerdecköffnung an einem dem Brennraum 114 zugewandten Ende der Feuerdecköffnung 102, kleiner als bei herkömmlichen Hülsen, die sich über die gesamte Länge der Feuerdecköffnung 102 im Feuerdeck 124 erstrecken, und beispielsweise mit einem Außengewinde der Hülse in der Feuerdecköffnung verschraubt sind.The press-in sleeve 100 is non-positively arranged in the state 112 in the fire deck opening 102 in the fire deck 124 at the first end 110 through the connection point 108 in the depression 112. An inner surface of the fire deck opening 102 interacts directly (for example, non-positively and / or positively) with the component 106. As a result, an inner diameter of the fire cover opening 102, more precisely an inner diameter of the fire cover opening at one end of the fire cover opening 102 facing the combustion chamber 114, is smaller than in the case of conventional sleeves, which extend over the entire length of the fire cover opening 102 in the fire deck 124, and for example with an external thread Are screwed into the fire deck opening.

Hierin kann sich der Begriff der Feuerdecköffnung 102 auf einen untersten Abschnitt (d.h. den Feuerdeckabschnitt) eines Zylinderkopfdurchgangs beziehen. Der Zylinderkopfdurchgang kann insgesamt mehrere koaxiale (beispielsweise im Durchmesser abgestufte) Bohrungen durch den gesamten Zylinderkopf 104 umfassen.Herein, the term fire deck opening 102 may refer to a lowermost portion (i.e. the fire deck portion) of a cylinder head passage. The cylinder head passage can comprise a total of several coaxial (for example stepped in diameter) bores through the entire cylinder head 104.

An das Feuerdeck 124 grenzt ein Kühlwasserraum 126 zur Aufnahme des Wassermantels 122. Da die Einpresshülse 100 das Bauteil 106 am ersten Ende 110 direkt kontaktiert, und die Mantelfläche 120 der Einpresshülse 100 in großflächigem Wärmeaustausch mit dem Wassermantel 122 steht, ist eine wirksame Kühlung des Bauteils 106 sichergestellt.A cooling water chamber 126 for receiving the water jacket 122 borders on the fire deck 124. Since the press-in sleeve 100 directly contacts the component 106 at the first end 110, and the jacket surface 120 of the press-in sleeve 100 is in extensive heat exchange with the water jacket 122, effective cooling of the component is achieved 106 ensured.

Die Verbindungsstelle 108 umfasst eine umlaufende, beispielsweise zylindrische, Pressfläche 128. Die Pressfläche 128 wirkt im Zustand der Pressfügung durch radiale Druckkräfte mit der Senkung 112 reibschlüssig zusammen. Dieser Presssitz der Pressfläche 128 in der Senkung 112 erstreckt sich parallel zu einer Längsachse der Presshülse 100 über ein axiales Maß 130 der Verbindungsstelle 108. Das heißt, das axiale Maß 130 der Verbindungsstelle 108 ist in Richtung der Längsachse der Überlapp zwischen der Pressfläche 128 und einer zylindrischen Innenfläche der Senkung 112 im Feuerdeck 124.The connection point 108 comprises a circumferential, for example cylindrical, pressing surface 128. In the state of the pressing, the pressing surface 128 cooperates with the countersink 112 by radial pressure forces. This press fit of the press surface 128 in the depression 112 extends parallel to a longitudinal axis of the press sleeve 100 over an axial dimension 130 of the connection point 108. That is, the axial dimension 130 of the connection point 108 in the direction of the longitudinal axis is the overlap between the press surface 128 and one cylindrical inner surface of counterbore 112 in fire deck 124.

Das axiale Maß 130 der Verbindungsstelle 108 ist mehrfach kleiner (d. h. ein Bruchteil deutlich kleiner als die Hälfte) einer axialen Länge 134 der Einpresshülse 100. Dabei ist die axiale Länge 134 die Gesamtlänge der Einpresshülse vom ersten Ende 100 bis zum zweiten Ende 118 entlang der Längsachse der Einpresshülse 100.The axial dimension 130 of the connection point 108 is several times smaller (ie a fraction significantly smaller than half) of an axial length 134 of the press-in sleeve 100. The axial length 134 is the total length of the press-in sleeve from the first end 100 to the second end 118 along the longitudinal axis the press-in sleeve 100.

Im in Figur 1 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel umfasst die Feuerdecköffnung 102 zwischen der Senkung 112 und einem der Brennkammer 114 zugewandten Ende der Feuerdecköffnung 102 ein Innengewinde 136 zur direkten Schraubverbindung zwischen dem Feuerdeck 124 und dem Bauteil 106. Das Bauteil 106 umfasst oberhalb eines Außengewindes, das zum Zusammenwirken mit dem Innengewinde 136 ausgebildet ist, eine (beispielsweise umlaufend geschlossene) Auskragung. Die Auskragung des Bauteils 106 liegt innerhalb der Einpresshülse 100 an einem Absatz 144 der Verbindungsstelle 108 an oder ist mit dem Absatz 144 in Anlage bringbar.In in Figure 1 In the exemplary embodiment shown, the fire cover opening 102 comprises an internal thread 136 between the countersink 112 and an end of the fire cover opening 102 facing the combustion chamber 114 for direct screw connection between the fire cover 124 and the component 106. The component 106 comprises above an external thread which interacts with the internal thread 136 is formed, a (for example, all-round closed) projection. The cantilever of the component 106 lies within the press-in sleeve 100 against a shoulder 144 of the connection point 108 or can be brought into contact with the shoulder 144.

Die Verbindungsstelle 108 am ersten Ende 110 der Einpresshülse 100 ist im Zustand der Pressfügung zwischen dem Bauteil 106 (genauer der Auskragung des Bauteils 106) und dem Feuerdeck 124 (genauer der Senkung 112 im Feuerdeck 124) angeordnet. Dadurch hält das Bauteil 106 über die Schraubverbindung am Innengewinde 136 der Feuerdecköffnung 102 und die Anlage am radial innenliegenden Absatz 144 der Einpresshülse 100 die Verbindungsstelle 108 formschlüssig in der Senkung 112 des Feuerdecks 124.The connection point 108 at the first end 110 of the press-in sleeve 100 is arranged in the state of press-fitting between the component 106 (more precisely the overhang of the component 106) and the fire deck 124 (more precisely the depression 112 in the fire deck 124). As a result, the component 106 holds the connection point 108 positively in the depression 112 of the fire deck 124 via the screw connection on the internal thread 136 of the fire deck opening 102 and the contact with the radially inner shoulder 144 of the press-in sleeve 100.

Die Einpresshülse erstreckt sich nicht durch das gesamte Feuerdeck 124. Für eine besonders kompakte Bauform der Einpresshülse 100 und eine hohe Schwingfestigkeit (insbesondere Biegewechselfestigkeit und/oder Dauerfestigkeit) des Feuerdecks 124 ist das axiale Maß 130 der Verbindungsstelle 108 kleiner, beispielsweise mehrfach kleiner, als ein axiales Maß 142 des Feuerdecks 124 zwischen der Senkung 112 und der Brennkammer 114. Ferner kann der Abstand zwischen Brennkammer 114 und Einpresshülse 100 gemäß dem axialen Maß 142 einen thermischen Kurzschluss zwischen Brennkammer 114 und Wassermantel 122 verhindern.The press-in sleeve does not extend through the entire fire deck 124. For a particularly compact design of the press-in sleeve 100 and a high fatigue strength (in particular flexural fatigue strength and / or fatigue strength) of the fire deck 124, the axial dimension 130 of the connection point 108 is smaller, for example several times smaller, than one axial dimension 142 of the fire deck 124 between the countersink 112 and the combustion chamber 114. Furthermore, the distance between the combustion chamber 114 and the press-in sleeve 100 according to the axial dimension 142 can prevent a thermal short circuit between the combustion chamber 114 and the water jacket 122.

Figur 2 zeigt schematisch eine räumliche Schnittdarstellung mit einer Schnittebene durch den Zylinderkopf 104 und die darin angeordnete Einpresshülse 100. Die Längsachse der Einpresshülse 100 ist (in vertikaler Richtung in der Figur 2) innerhalb der Schnittebene. Koaxial zur Längsachse der Einpresshülse 100 ist eine Zündkerze als Beispiel des Bauteils 106 in der Einpresshülse 100 angeordnet. Figure 2 schematically shows a three-dimensional sectional view with a sectional plane through the cylinder head 104 and the press-in sleeve 100 arranged therein. The longitudinal axis of the press-in sleeve 100 is (in the vertical direction in FIG Figure 2 ) within the cutting plane. A spark plug is arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the press-in sleeve 100 as an example of the component 106 in the press-in sleeve 100.

Eine Schlüsselweite 140 des Bauteils 106 ist kleiner als ein Innendurchmesser 138 der Öffnung der Hülse 100 am zweiten Ende 118. Ein Schlüssel, beispielsweise ein Sechs-Kant-Steckschlüssel, kann durch die Öffnung der Hülse 100 am radial nach innen kragenden Absatz 116 über das innerhalb der Einpresshülse 100 montierte Bauteil 106 gesteckt werden, um das Bauteil 106 herauszuschrauben. Dabei wird, anders als bei einem mit einer herkömmlichen Hülse verschraubten Bauteil 106, während des Ausschraubens kein Drehmoment auf die Einpresshülse 100 übertragen, wodurch diese auch nach dem Ausschrauben aufgrund der Pressfügung am ersten Ende 110 befestigt bleibt.A wrench size 140 of the component 106 is smaller than an inner diameter 138 of the opening of the sleeve 100 at the second end 118. A key, for example a hexagon socket wrench, can be opened through the opening of the sleeve 100 on the radially inwardly projecting shoulder 116 of the press-in sleeve 100 assembled component 106 to unscrew the component 106. In contrast to a component 106 screwed to a conventional sleeve, no torque is transmitted to the press-in sleeve 100 during unscrewing, as a result of which the press-on sleeve 100 remains fastened to the first end 110 even after being unscrewed.

Ferner ist am zweiten Ende 118 zwischen der Einpresshülse 100 und dem Filterkopf 104 eine Dichtung 146 umlaufend angeordnet, welche die Mantelfläche 120 zum Kühlwasserraum 126 am zweiten Ende 118 fluiddicht verschließt. Im in den Figuren 1 und 2 gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel ist hierzu eine umlaufende Nut oberhalb (d. h. auf der von der Brennkammer 114 abgewandten Seite) des Kühlwasserraums 126 im Zylinderkopf 104 vorgesehen zur Aufnahme eines O-Rings.Furthermore, a seal 146 is arranged circumferentially at the second end 118 between the press-in sleeve 100 and the filter head 104, which seals the outer surface 120 to the cooling water chamber 126 at the second end 118 in a fluid-tight manner. Im in the Figures 1 and 2nd In the exemplary embodiment shown, a circumferential groove is provided above (ie on the side facing away from the combustion chamber 114) of the cooling water chamber 126 in the cylinder head 104 for receiving an O-ring.

Optional ist die Einpresshülse 100 an der Verbindungsstelle 108, zusätzlich zur Pressfügung, verklebt. Alternativ oder ergänzend kann zwischen der Pressfläche 128 und der Innenfläche der Senkung 112 und/oder stirnseitig an der Anlagefläche 132 der Einpresshülse 100 eine Dichtung, z. B. ein O-Ring in einer O-Ring-Nut (seitens der Einpresshülse 100 oder dem Feuerdeck 124) angeordnet sein, um am ersten Ende 110 den Kühlwasserraum 126 zur Brennkammer 114 hin abzudichten.Optionally, the press-in sleeve 100 is glued to the connection point 108, in addition to the press connection. As an alternative or in addition, a seal, for. For example, an O-ring can be arranged in an O-ring groove (on the part of the press-in sleeve 100 or the fire deck 124) in order to seal the cooling water chamber 126 to the combustion chamber 114 at the first end 110.

Während in vorstehendem Ausführungsbeispiel die Einpresshülse 100 zum Abdichten und Kühlen einer Zündkerze als Beispiel des Bauteils 106 beschrieben ist, sind die Einpresshülse 100 und deren Funktionen durch weitere Ausführungsbeispiele für jedes durch die Feuerdecköffnung 102 im Zylinderkopf 104 der Brennkraftmaschine ragende Bauteile 106 realisierbar. Insbesondere kann jedes sich zur Brennkammer 114 hin verjüngende Bauteil 106, beispielsweise eine Einspritzdüse für Diesel-Kraftstoff, durch ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Einpresshülse 100 abgedichtet und gekühlt werden.While in the above exemplary embodiment the press-in sleeve 100 for sealing and cooling a spark plug is described as an example of the component 106, the press-in sleeve 100 and its functions can be implemented by further exemplary embodiments for each component 106 projecting through the fire cover opening 102 in the cylinder head 104 of the internal combustion engine. In particular, each component 106 that tapers toward the combustion chamber 114, for example an injection nozzle for diesel fuel, can be sealed and cooled by an exemplary embodiment of the press-in sleeve 100.

Das Innengewinde 136 zwischen der Senkung 112 und der Brennkammer 114 kann, abhängig vom Bauteil 106, entfallen. Beispielsweise kann eine Einspritzdüse als Bauteil 106 durch einen Presssitz in der Feuerdecköffnung 102 befestigt sein.Depending on the component 106, the internal thread 136 between the countersink 112 and the combustion chamber 114 can be omitted. For example, an injection nozzle can be attached as component 106 by a press fit in the fire cover opening 102.

Eine Montage des Bauteils 106 mittels eines Ausführungsbeispiels der Einpresshülse 100 kann einen Schritt des Einpressens der Einpresshülse 100 an einer Presseinrichtung mit einer bestimmten Presskraft, und einen nachfolgenden Schritt des Einschraubens oder Einpressens des Bauteils 106 umfassen. Alternativ kann die Einpresshülse 100 beim Einschrauben oder Einpressen des Bauteils 106 in die Senkung 112 eingepresst werden, d. h. gleichzeitig mit der Montage des Bauteils 106. In letzterem Fall presst das Bauteil 106 (beispielsweise mittels seiner Auskragung) die Einpresshülse 100 in die Senkung 112.Assembly of the component 106 by means of an exemplary embodiment of the press-in sleeve 100 can include a step of pressing the press-in sleeve 100 onto a pressing device with a specific pressing force, and a subsequent step of screwing or pressing in the component 106. Alternatively, the press-in sleeve 100 can be pressed into the depression 112 when the component 106 is screwed in or pressed in, i. H. simultaneously with the assembly of the component 106. In the latter case, the component 106 presses the press-in sleeve 100 into the depression 112 (for example by means of its projection).

Eine Demontage der Einpresshülse 100 am Zylinderkopf 104 kann den Schritt des Abziehens oder Ausschraubens des Bauteils 106 und den nachfolgenden Schritt des Abziehens der Einpresshülse am radial nach innen kragenden Absatz 116 umfassen. So bleibt die Verbindung zwischen Einpresshülse 100 und Zylinderkopf 104 lösbar und reparaturfähig.Disassembly of the press-in sleeve 100 on the cylinder head 104 can include the step of pulling or unscrewing the component 106 and the subsequent step of pulling off the press-in sleeve on the radially inwardly projecting shoulder 116. The connection between the press-in sleeve 100 and the cylinder head 104 remains detachable and repairable.

Die Einpresshülse 100 ermöglicht eine günstigere Herstellung des Zylinderkopfs 104, insbesondere eine automatisierte Montage der Einpresshülse 100 und/oder des Bauteils 106. Das Schneiden eines zusätzlichen Gewindes in der Feuerdecköffnung zur Befestigung einer herkömmlichen Hülse kann entfallen.The press-in sleeve 100 enables the cylinder head 104 to be manufactured more cheaply, in particular an automated assembly of the press-in sleeve 100 and / or the component 106. The cutting of an additional thread in the fire cover opening for fastening a conventional sleeve can be omitted.

Dem Fachmann sind anhand vorstehender exemplarischer Ausführungsbeispiele die mit den Ausführungsbeispielen verbundenen Vorteile der Einpresshülse 100 ersichtlich. Im Feuerdeck 124 ist eine Senkung 112 für den Presssitz der Einpresshülse 100 vorgesehen, die sich nicht durchgehend über das axiale Maß 142 des Feuerdecks 124 bis zur Brennkammer 114 erstreckt. Beispielsweise beträgt das axiale Maß 130 der Verbindungsstelle 108 5 mm oder weniger. In das Feuerdeck 124 kann ein Innengewinde 136 für das Bauteil 106 (beispielsweise eine Zündkerze) geschnitten sein oder eine einfache Bohrung für das Bauteil 106 (beispielsweise eine Diesel-Einspritzdüse) gebohrt sein. Dagegen muss bei einer herkömmlichen Hülse, beispielsweise für eine M18-Zündkerze, mindestens ein M24-Innengewinde im Feuerdeck geschnitten werden zur Aufnahme der herkömmlichen Hülse. Die Einpresshülse 100 ermöglicht somit einen auf den Außendurchmesser des jeweiligen Bauteils 106 begrenzten Durchmesser der Feuerdecköffnung 102 zur Brennkammer 114 hin. Aufgrund der auf den Außendurchmesser des Bauteils 106 zugeschnittenen kleineren Öffnung am der Brennkammer 114 zugewandten Ende der Feuerdecköffnung 102 ist eine höhere Festigkeit des Feuerdecks erreichbar.The advantages of the press-in sleeve 100 associated with the exemplary embodiments are apparent to the person skilled in the art on the basis of the above exemplary embodiments. A lowering 112 is provided in the fire deck 124 for the press fit of the press-in sleeve 100, which does not extend continuously over the axial dimension 142 of the fire deck 124 to the combustion chamber 114. For example, the axial dimension 130 of the connection point 108 is 5 mm or less. An internal thread 136 for the component 106 (for example a spark plug) can be cut into the fire deck 124 or a simple bore for the component 106 (for example a diesel injector) can be drilled. In contrast, in the case of a conventional sleeve, for example for an M18 spark plug, at least one M24 internal thread must be cut in the fire deck in order to accommodate the conventional sleeve. The press-in sleeve 100 thus enables a diameter of the fire cover opening 102 toward the combustion chamber 114 that is limited to the outer diameter of the respective component 106. Due to the smaller opening tailored to the outer diameter of the component 106 at the end of the fire deck opening 102 facing the combustion chamber 114, a higher strength of the fire deck can be achieved.

Die Einpresshülse 100 wird ins Feuerdeck 124 eingepresst und optional verklebt. Das Bauteil 106 hält die Einpresshülse 100 zusätzlich in Position. So wird die Einpresshülse 100 kraft- und formschlüssig, sowie optional stoffschlüssig, im Feuerdeck 124 niedergehalten. Durch das Verkleben der Pressfügung (d. h. des Presssitzes zwischen der Verbindungsstelle 108 und der Senkung 112) ist die Dichtheit am ersten Ende 110 gewährleistet.The press-in sleeve 100 is pressed into the fire deck 124 and optionally glued. The component 106 additionally holds the press-in sleeve 100 in position. In this way, the press-in sleeve 100 is held in the fire deck 124 in a force-fitting and form-fitting manner, and optionally in a material-fitting manner. By the Adhesion of the press joint (ie the press fit between the connection point 108 and the countersink 112) ensures the tightness at the first end 110.

Indem das Bauteil nicht mit seinem Außengewinde in ein Innengewinde der Hülse eingreift, ist ein unabsichtliches Verdrehen der Hülse bei der Montage oder beim Demontieren des Bauteils ausgeschlossen.Since the component does not engage with its external thread in an internal thread of the sleeve, an unintentional twisting of the sleeve during assembly or disassembly of the component is excluded.

Obwohl die Erfindung in Bezug auf exemplarische Ausführungsbeispiele beschrieben worden ist, ist es für einen Fachmann ersichtlich, dass verschiedene Änderungen vorgenommen werden können und Äquivalente als Ersatz verwendet werden können. Ferner können viele Modifikationen vorgenommen werden, um eine bestimmte Situation oder ein bestimmtes Material an die Lehre der Erfindung anzupassen. Folglich ist die Erfindung nicht auf die offenbarten Ausführungsbeispiele beschränkt, sondern umfasst alle Ausführungsbeispiele, die in den Bereich der beigefügten Patentansprüche fallen.Although the invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes can be made and equivalents can be used as substitutes. Furthermore, many modifications can be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teaching of the invention. Accordingly, the invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments disclosed, but encompasses all exemplary embodiments that fall within the scope of the appended claims.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

100100
EinpresshülsePress-in sleeve
102102
FeuerdecköffnungFire deck opening
104104
Zylinderkopf einer BrennkraftmaschineCylinder head of an internal combustion engine
106106
BauteilComponent
108108
Verbindungsstelle der EinpresshülseConnection point of the press-in sleeve
110110
Erstes Ende der EinpresshülseFirst end of the press-in sleeve
112112
Senkung an FeuerdecköffnungLowering at the fire deck opening
114114
Brennraum der BrennkraftmaschineCombustion chamber of the internal combustion engine
116116
Radial nach innen kragender Absatz der EinpresshülseRadially inwardly projecting shoulder of the press-in sleeve
118118
Zweites Ende der EinpresshülseSecond end of the press-in sleeve
120120
Mantelfläche der EinpresshülseLateral surface of the press-in sleeve
122122
WassermantelWater jacket
124124
Feuerdeck der BrennkraftmaschineFire deck of the internal combustion engine
126126
Kühlwasserraum für WassermantelCooling water room for water jacket
128128
Pressfläche der VerbindungsstellePress surface of the connection point
130130
Axiales Maß der VerbindungsstelleAxial dimension of the connection point
132132
Anlagefläche der VerbindungsstelleContact surface of the connection point
134134
Axiale Länge der EinpresshülseAxial length of the press-in sleeve
136136
Innengewinde der FeuerdecköffnungInternal thread of the fire deck opening
138138
Innendurchmesser der Einpresshülse am zweiten EndeInner diameter of the press-in sleeve at the second end
140140
Schlüsselweite des BauteilsWidth across flats of the component
142142
Axiales Maß des FeuerdecksAxial dimension of the fire deck
144144
Radial innenliegender Absatz der VerbindungsstelleRadially inner shoulder of the connection point
146146
Dichtung am zweiten EndeSeal at the second end

Claims (14)

  1. Press-fit sleeve (100) for sealing and cooling a component (106) projecting through a fire deck opening (102) in the cylinder head (104) of an internal combustion engine, comprising:
    a connecting point (108) at a first end (110) of the press-fit sleeve (100), said connecting point being designed for press fitting into an indentation (112) at an end of the fire deck opening (102) that faces away from a combustion chamber (114), wherein the connecting point (108) comprises a radially inwardly curved collar (144) with a contact surface (132);
    a radially inwardly protruding step (116) at a second end (118) of the press-fit sleeve (100) lying opposite the first end (110); and
    a lateral surface (120) of the press-fit sleeve (100), said lateral surface being closed fluid-tightly between the first end (110) and the second end (118) and being or being able to be brought into contact with a water jacket (122) surrounding the press-fit sleeve (100).
  2. Press-fit sleeve according to Claim 1, wherein the component (106) comprises an injection nozzle and/or a spark plug.
  3. Press-fit sleeve according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the connecting point (108) comprises a cylindrical pressing surface (128).
  4. Press-fit sleeve according to Claim 3, wherein an axial extent (130) of the connecting point (108) is much smaller than an axial length (134) of the press-fit sleeve (100).
  5. Press-fit sleeve according to one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the pressing surface (128) and/or the contact surface (132) are/is designed for connecting fluid-tightly to the indentation (112).
  6. Press-fit sleeve according to one of Claims 1 to 5, wherein the pressing surface (128) and/or the contact surface (132) are/or is connected or connectable to the indentation (112) in a force-fitting and/or integrally bonded manner.
  7. Press-fit sleeve according to one of Claims 1 to 6, wherein a diameter of the press-fit sleeve (100) at the first end (110) is smaller than a diameter of the press-fit sleeve (100) at the second end (118).
  8. Cylinder head (104) of an internal combustion engine, comprising:
    a fire deck (124) with a fire deck opening (102) ;
    a press-fit sleeve (100) for sealing and cooling a component (106) projecting through the fire deck opening (102) according to one of Claims 1 to 7;
    an indentation (112) at an end of the fire deck opening (102) which faces away from a combustion chamber (114) and is designed for press fitting to the connecting point (108) at the first end (110) of the press-fit sleeve (100); and
    a cooling water chamber (126), which is adjacent to the fire deck (124), for receiving a water jacket (122) which the lateral surface (120) of the press-fit sleeve (100) closes in a fluid-tight manner between the first end (110) and the second end (118).
  9. Cylinder head according to Claim 8, wherein the fire deck opening (102) has, between the indentation (112) and an end of the fire deck opening (102) that faces the combustion chamber (114), an internal thread (136) for the screw connection to the component (106).
  10. Cylinder head according to Claim 9, wherein the component (106) holds down a radially inner step (144) of the connecting point (108) with respect to the fire deck opening (102) via the screw connection.
  11. Cylinder head according to one of Claims 8 to 10, wherein the press-fit sleeve (100) is connected or connectable to the fire deck (124) in a form-fitting manner by means of the component (106).
  12. Cylinder head according to one of Claims 8 to 11, wherein an axial extent (142) of the fire deck (124) is greater than an axial extent (130) of the connecting point (108).
  13. Cylinder head according to one of Claims 8 to 12, wherein a seal (146) arranged at the second end (118) in an encircling manner between the press-fit sleeve (100) and the cylinder head (104) closes the lateral surface (120) fluid-tightly with respect to the cooling water chamber (126).
  14. Vehicle with an internal combustion engine which comprises a cylinder head (104) according to one of Claims 8 to 13.
EP18177674.1A 2017-07-11 2018-06-14 Press-in sleeve for a cylinder head Active EP3428443B1 (en)

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DE102017115461.2A DE102017115461A1 (en) 2017-07-11 2017-07-11 Press-fit sleeve for a cylinder head

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EP3428443B1 true EP3428443B1 (en) 2020-08-05

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EP (1) EP3428443B1 (en)
JP (1) JP7221001B2 (en)
CN (1) CN109236484A (en)
BR (1) BR102018013509A2 (en)
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US11725619B2 (en) 2021-02-23 2023-08-15 Transportation Ip Holdings, Llc Alignment system and associated method
US11608803B2 (en) * 2021-07-07 2023-03-21 Transportation Ip Holdings, Llc Insert device for fuel injection
US11781469B2 (en) 2021-08-12 2023-10-10 Transportation Ip Holdings, Llc Insert device for fuel injection
US12078137B1 (en) 2023-07-28 2024-09-03 Caterpillar Inc. Injector sleeve having inner groove

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JP7221001B2 (en) 2023-02-13
RU2018125283A (en) 2020-01-10
EP3428443A1 (en) 2019-01-16
RU2768125C2 (en) 2022-03-23
DE102017115461A1 (en) 2019-01-17
JP2019019822A (en) 2019-02-07
RU2018125283A3 (en) 2021-11-09
CN109236484A (en) 2019-01-18
US20190017464A1 (en) 2019-01-17
BR102018013509A2 (en) 2019-06-11
US10648424B2 (en) 2020-05-12

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