EP3414201B1 - Lifting device - Google Patents

Description

• einen entlang einer Bahn verfahrbaren Tragwagen,
• ein Hubelement zur Aufnahme einer Last,
• eine Hebeeinrichtung, mit der das Hubelement relativ zum Tragwagen in vertikale Richtung angehoben und abgesenkt werden kann,
  wobei die Hebeeinrichtung mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise vier, Zugelemente umfasst, wobei jedes Zugelement mit einem Ende am Hubelement und am Tragwagen befestigt ist und am Tragwagen oder am Hubelement über jeweils eine Aufwickelvorrichtung aufwickelbar ist,
  wobei jedes Zugelement als flächige Bahn ausgebildet ist und jede Aufwickelvorrichtung mindestens eine Walze umfasst, mit der das Zugelement aufgewickelt werden kann, wobei jedes Zugelement eine Dicke und eine Breite aufweist, wobei die Breite mindestens 100 Mal die Dicke beträgt,
  wobei mindestens eine erste Aufwickelvorrichtung und mindestens eine zweite Aufwickelvorrichtung vorhanden ist, wobei eine Walze der ersten Aufwickelvorrichtung und eine Walze der zweiten Aufwickelvorrichtung senkrecht zueinander angeordnete Drehachsen aufweisen.

The invention relates to a lifting device comprising

• a wagon that can be moved along a track,
• a lifting element for receiving a load,
• a lifting device with which the lifting element can be raised and lowered in the vertical direction relative to the carrier,
  wherein the lifting device comprises at least two, preferably four, pulling elements, each pulling element being fastened at one end to the lifting element and to the carrying carriage and being able to be wound up on the carrying carriage or on the lifting element in each case by means of a winding device,
  wherein each tension element is designed as a flat web and each winding device comprises at least one roller with which the tension element can be wound, each tension element having a thickness and a width, the width being at least 100 times the thickness,
  at least one first winding device and at least one second winding device being present, one roller of the first Have winding device and a roller of the second winding device perpendicular to each other arranged axes of rotation.

A generic device is from the DE 43 26 673 A1 known. Similar and further solutions show the DE 697 19 001 T2 that FR 2 757 441 A1 that DE 101 32 350 A1 and the DE 102 57 108 A1 . With such a device, for example, vehicle parts can be conveyed along an electric monorail system, the height of the vehicle part to be transported being adjustable above the floor. Chains or ropes are used as traction elements, which are wound on appropriate rope drums or a chain hoist to adjust the height of the vehicle part above the ground. A separate device is used to stabilize the lifting element relative to the carrier. This known solution disadvantageously has a relatively large overall length and has a relatively high weight. Furthermore, the position of the lifting element varies with the lifting height.

Another solution shows that EP 1 794 078 B1 . This device also has a relatively large overall length and a high weight. The structure is relatively complex and offers a variety of setting options. A further disadvantage here is the relatively complex manufacture and assembly of the device and poor accessibility for maintenance purposes. Here too, as in the previously known solution, the lifting device and the stabilizing device are designed separately.

The FR 2 295 904 A1 discloses a similar device that provides ropes for lifting a lifter; a motor drives all lifting elements. In an alternative solution, two motors are provided according to this document, which are coupled together via a differential gear.

Another similar solution is in the DE 199 57 468 A1 described. There are similar disadvantages here as in the device described above. The flexibility is also limited.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of developing a device of the type mentioned in such a way that a light and universally usable lifting device of the generic type is created, which has compact dimensions and allows stable guidance of the lifting element relative to the carrier. The concept used should continue to be largely independent of the lifting height and the application.

The solution to this problem by the invention is characterized in that a first drive for driving the at least one first winding device and a second drive for driving the at least one second winding device are provided, the first drive comprising a drive motor which is connected via an angular gear , preferably via a bevel gear, drives at least one shaft which drives a roller of the first winding device via a gear element, and wherein the second drive comprises a drive motor which drives a roller of the second winding device via a spur gear, parallel shaft or planetary gear.

The width is preferably at least 200 times, particularly preferably at least 300 times and very particularly preferably at least 500 times the thickness. However, the width is often at least 1,000 times the thickness.

With this specification it is defined that a band-shaped structure is to be used as the tension element, which results in the previously known solutions with ropes or chains, possibly also with narrow belts. Wide flat belts, for example, or other sheet-like and windable webs, which in particular are limp in bending, are used as tension elements.

There is also the possibility that the tension elements do not have a constant width over the entire height to be used, in order to take into account the structural conditions. In this respect, for example, there is the possibility that the traction elements are in particular widened towards one end. Furthermore, there is also the possibility that the tension elements do not have a constant thickness over the entire height that is used. For example, the tension element on the end attachment can be reinforced and thus be made thicker than in the other area. The basis for the width-thickness ratio mentioned is the flat base material of the tension element.

A further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the width of the tension elements is selected as a function of the external dimensions of the carrier or lifting element. Accordingly, the width of the tension elements is at least 50% of the external dimensions of the carrier and / or the lifting element at the location of the tension element. In this regard, optimal values for the width of the tension element are between 50% and 100% of said external dimensions. Especially when using drums with an integrated drive, the upper area can be easily realized.

There are preferably four winding devices, the rollers of two winding devices each being arranged parallel to one another Have axes of rotation and wherein the axes of rotation of the rollers of two winding devices are perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rollers of two further winding devices.

It is preferably provided that the first drive for driving two winding devices and the second drive for driving two further winding devices are provided.

Another preferred embodiment of the invention provides that three winding devices are provided, two rollers of the first and second winding device having axes of rotation arranged parallel to one another and the axis of rotation of the roller of the third winding device being perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the first and second winding device. In this case, the rollers of the first and second winders and the roller of the third winders preferably form an H-shaped structure when viewed from above.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tension elements consist of textile material, in particular of a fabric web, or of metal, in particular of sheet metal or a mesh.

A further preferred embodiment of the invention provides that a synchronization element for the synchronous movement of the two drives is arranged between the first drive and the second drive. When using an electronic shaft and drum motors with an integrated drive, four drives are also conceivable. The same applies to four slip-on gears.

The transmission element is preferably a belt transmission or a chain transmission.

The spur gear is preferably a parallel shaft gear.

A gear element, in particular a belt gear or a chain gear, is preferably arranged between the spur gear and the two rollers of the winding device. Helical gearboxes and parallel shaft gearboxes can be used, each with shafts with parallel axes.

The present invention thus aims to provide an advantageous lifting sling of an electric monorail system with which it is possible to lift loads in a stable manner, primarily relating to vehicle parts (bodies, engines) which are to be conveyed in assembly lines; however, other applications, e.g. B. lifting devices for containers possible.

A suitable mounting element is attached to the carrier, for example a 4-arm hanger or a 2-arm hanger with corresponding mounting areas for the component to be carried (e.g. body mount). Elements can also be provided here which allow the component to be conveyed to be pivoted about the desired axes.

Accordingly, the present invention relates to a device for lifting and stabilizing loads, in particular a hanger for vehicles or vehicle parts, comprising a carrier (upper frame) and a lifting element arranged underneath (lower frame), a load-bearing load-bearing device, which is preferably attached to the lower frame wide straps or textiles (tension elements) is adjustable in height and which can be raised or lowered by means of at least two (or, for safety reasons, preferably at least three) rollers (drums), which are arranged orthogonally to one another in the case of three or four rollers. This ensures that the lower frame is stabilized in relation to the upper frame by a membrane effect of the belts or textiles, which is achieved in particular by the fact that the good or textiles (traction elements) have a sufficient, far beyond that for the pure lifting function Have width and thus no further mechanical stabilization device such as scissors, telescopes etc. are required to stabilize the relative movement of the lower frame to the upper frame in the horizontal direction.

The device is particularly suitable for movable devices, e.g. coupled to an electric monorail system, a so-called "power & free conveyor" or to hanging platforms, so that autonomous, self-propelled units are created.

The attachment of the tension elements (straps) to the subframe is preferably statically determined, so that a uniform or defined distribution of the load on the tension elements (straps or textiles) is achieved.

The tension elements can also be realized using a wide, thin metal band or metal mesh.

The lifting means can be equipped with vertical and diagonal tension members for targeted power transmission. They can be provided with a sliding layer and / or a wear-resistant layer.

The lifting means can be provided with one or more conical, round or rectangular guide grooves for centering purposes.

For safety reasons or for reasons of flexibility, several layers can also be used for the tension elements.

The rollers (drums) for winding up the tension elements can be designed spherically and / or be provided with conical ends in order to achieve a central winding of the tension elements.

To ensure synchronous lifting operation, the rollers (drums) can be mechanically coupled to one another.

It can further be provided that the lifting drives are coupled on the primary side in order to reduce the torques.

The individual rollers (drums) can be driven individually, but can also be coupled to one another via a so-called electronic shaft.

The drive or drives for the rollers can also be integrated into these.

The subframe can be equipped with an interchangeable adapter, which allows the attachment of different hangers.

According to a further training, the hanger receptacles can also be designed so that they can be swung out to the side.

An embodiment is also possible in such a way that the load to be carried can be pivoted about its longitudinal or vertical axis.

The lifting device can also be equipped with one or more safety brakes.

Furthermore, a load measuring or limiting device can be integrated. The lifting means can also be provided with a load measuring device.

As a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, an orthogonal arrangement of the rollers (lifting drums) in combination with one or more spur, parallel shaft or planetary gears and / or with one or more angular gears for driving them is possible. This makes it possible to dispense with a separate angular gear.

The individual components of the proposed device, for. B. the lifting drums can be made of lightweight materials such as aluminum, GRP or carbon.

The transmissions can reduce the torques of the drives by means of an appropriate gear ratio and act like reeving. The lifting means for reducing the torque of the lifting drives can be reeved one or more times.

The device can also be equipped with a detection of the lifting height. The lifting means can also be printed with a visual display of the lifting height to check the lifting height.

The lifting means can continue permanently or temporarily with additional information such. B. printed on assembly steps, the vehicle type.

The lifting means can also be equipped with illuminants and / or with a reflective layer and thus contribute to the illumination of the work areas.

The upper and / or lower frame can be made accessible for easier maintenance.

The proposed solution thus enables a compact and light construction by combining suspension means and stabilizing device and the drive-technical integration of the lifting device in the upper frame. The preferably three or four tension elements are each designed, in particular, as wide, thin winding belts and are wound onto three rollers arranged in an H shape or four all around. A carbon version of the rollers enables further weight savings without adversely affecting durability or stability.

The stabilizing effect is achieved through a membrane effect of the tension elements, which is generated by the weight of the lower frame and the load to be carried. Different lifting paths adapted to the respective application can be realized simply by lengthening or shortening the tension elements without the basic construction of the proposed device having to be changed or adapted. This enables a high degree of standardization to be realized, a requirement that is repeatedly raised in the automotive industry. The number of tension elements is manageable with three or four, whereby two tension elements or combinations of tension elements are arranged redundantly and can take over the securing of the complete lifting load in the event of failure of a tension element or a drive train. Furthermore, a flat or spur gear and a bevel gear motor are preferably combined to actuate the lifting device. In addition to redundancy, this also achieves diversity in the drive train, which further increases safety. The two drives are preferably coupled on the primary side via an elastic or cardan shaft. This ensures that both drives run synchronously. Here, a limitation of the lowering speed, for. B. executed as a centrifugal brake, be provided and / or attack an additional safety brake. The moments on the primary side remain low, which has a positive effect on the dimensioning of the power transmission elements or the safety elements and also contributes to a reduction in weight.

The power transmission between drives and winding rollers enables an additional ratio to be introduced. As a result of this and due to the relatively small diameter of the winding rollers, the required drive torque is reduced to the lifting drives, as a result of which the gearbox size and thus the weight can be reduced.

In order to simplify the setting and to ensure permanent, safe operation, it is conceivable to design the force transmission of the flat belts in the subframe to be statically determined. This ensures that all (preferably) three or four flat belts are always equally loaded.

Both 2-arm hangers, 4-arm hangers, swivel arms or a swivel frame can be adapted to the subframe. The solution can be integrated in stationary facilities as well as in various conveyor technology concepts. So both monorail monorail and double monorail solutions are conceivable. The facility could also be integrated into so-called "power & free systems" or hanging push platform concepts.

Furthermore, it is conceivable to arrange step mats or step plates in the lower and / or upper frame in order to improve the accessibility for maintenance work. Since the inner frame of the subframe otherwise has no built-in components due to the design, it can also be inserted with a dimensioned lifting platform between the mounting crossbeams, which considerably simplifies maintenance work on the lifting device - especially in contrast to the previously known solutions.

As mentioned, the axes of rotation of the rollers of the winding devices mentioned are perpendicular to one another. This is of course to be understood to mean that said rectangularity is given in one of the views, in particular in the top view of the device. It should also be mentioned that, of course, slight deviations from the rectangularity are also covered by the inventive concept, for example if the axes enclose an angle of only 87 °.

Fig. 1

in perspektivischer Darstellung eine Hubvorrichtung, die entlang einer Bahn in horizontaler Richtung beweglich angeordnet ist, wobei sich ein Hubelement (Unterrahmen) relativ zu einem Tragwagen (Oberrahmen) in einer abgesenkten Position befindet,

Fig. 2

in der Darstellung gemäß Figur 1 - allerdings von einer tieferen Position aus betrachtet - die Hubvorrichtung, wobei sich das Hubelement relativ zum Tragwagen in einer angehobenen Position befindet,

Fig. 3

in perspektivischer Darstellung die Hubvorrichtung ohne Bahn (Schiene) von einer oberen Position aus betrachtet,

Fig. 4

die Draufsicht auf die Anordnung gemäß Figur 3,

Fig. 5

in perspektivischer Darstellung eine alternative Ausführungsform der Erfindung in der Darstellung gemäß Figur 3,

Fig. 6

die Draufsicht auf die Anordnung gemäß Figur 5,

Fig. 7

in perspektivischer Darstellung den Unterrahmen der Hubvorrichtung mit einem Gurtlängenausgleich gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform,

Fig. 8

in perspektivischer Darstellung den Unterrahmen der Hubvorrichtung mit einem Gurtlängenausgleich gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform und

Fig. 9

in perspektivischer Darstellung einen Ausschnitt aus Figur 7 bzw. Figur 8, wobei ein Exzenter dargestellt ist.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a lifting device which is arranged to be movable along a track in the horizontal direction, a lifting element (lower frame) being in a lowered position relative to a carrier (upper frame),

Fig. 2

in the representation according to Figure 1 - but viewed from a lower position - the lifting device, the lifting element being in a raised position relative to the carrier,

Fig. 3

a perspective view of the lifting device without a track (rail) viewed from an upper position,

Fig. 4

the top view of the arrangement according Figure 3 ,

Fig. 5

a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the invention in the representation according to Figure 3 ,

Fig. 6

the top view of the arrangement according Figure 5 ,

Fig. 7

a perspective view of the lower frame of the lifting device with a belt length compensation according to a first embodiment,

Fig. 8

in a perspective view the subframe of the lifting device with a belt length compensation according to a second embodiment and

Fig. 9

a perspective view of a section Figure 7 or. Figure 8 , with an eccentric is shown.

In the figures, a lifting device 1 is shown, which is arranged to be movable in a horizontal direction along a track 2 in the form of a rail. Components can be conveyed in the horizontal direction with the lifting device 1, for which purpose the lifting device 1 is moved along the path 2. Said movement can be active or passive, i. H. 2 motorized or non-motorized drive rollers can be provided in the area of the web.

The lifting device 1 essentially comprises a carrier wagon 3 arranged at the top (upper frame) and a lifting element 4 arranged at the bottom (subframe). H. raise or lower. A hanger 31 is fastened to the lifting element 4 and serves to receive a component, for example a body part.

The lifting device 5 comprises four winding devices 10, 11, 12 and 13, each of which comprises a driven roller 14, 15, 16 and 17, each roller 14, 15, 16, 17 opening and closing a pulling element 6, 7, 8 and 9 unwinds when it is rotated about its respective axis of rotation a ₁ , a ₂ , a ₃ or a ₄ (see here Figure 4 ).

The tension elements 6, 7, 8 and 9 are designed as flat webs and in particular as wide belts, which can for example consist of textile material or a metallic mesh. In Figure 1 is shown schematically that each tension element 6, 7, 8, 9 a Width B and a thickness D. In order to concretize the flat design of the tension elements, the width mentioned is preferably at least 100 times as large as the thickness D, in particular at least 500 times as large.

Especially in the Figures 3 and 4th can be seen how the rotary drive of the rollers 14, 15, 16, 17 takes place in order to influence the vertical height of the lifting element 4 by winding or unwinding the tension elements 6, 7, 8, 9.

Thereafter, a first drive 18 is provided which has a drive motor 21 which drives a bevel gear 22. From the bevel gear 22, two shafts 23 and 24 are driven, via which in turn one gear element 25 and 26 is driven; the gear element 25, 26 is preferably a chain or belt transmission. Hereby the rollers 14 and 15 are rotated synchronously.

Furthermore, there is a second drive 19 which has a drive motor 27 with which a spur gear 28 is driven. The spur gear 28 in turn drives two gear elements 29 and 30 - again preferably designed as chain or belt gears - with which the rollers 16 and 17 are rotated synchronously.

The two drives 18 and 19 are in turn synchronized relative to one another, for which purpose a synchronization element 20 is provided. In the exemplary embodiment, a shaft section is provided for this purpose, which connects the two drive motors 21 and 27 to one another, so that their shafts can only rotate synchronously.

In the Figures 5 and 6 an alternative embodiment of the invention is shown. The difference to the solution described above is that instead of four take-up devices there are only three, namely take-up devices 10, 11 and 12 with their respective rollers 14, 15 and 16. The axes of rotation a ₁ and a ₂ of rollers 14 and 15 are arranged parallel to each other; the axis of rotation a _{3 of} the roller 16 is arranged perpendicularly (in the top view), so that an H-shaped structure results for the three rollers 14, 15 and 16 when viewed in the top view. Otherwise, the construction corresponds to the arrangement explained above.

A special embodiment of the invention described below deals with a statically determined belt length compensation, which can be provided as an option in the lifting device described.

The lifting device 1 (lifting sling) consists - as described - of the carrier 3 (upper frame) and the lifting element 4 (lower frame). The subframe is held by the tension elements 6, 7, 8, 9. In order to keep the lifting load as low as possible, the winding devices are expediently arranged in the upper frame 3. This means that the belt end is attached to the subframe 4. Thickness tolerances of the tension elements (lifting belts), differences in diameter of the winding drums, small translation errors, etc. can result in different belt lengths. Furthermore, during assembly it is difficult to adjust the belt length so that a desired load distribution is achieved.

The configuration described below ensures a predefined load distribution on the tension elements, small differences in length of the tension elements being compensated for. The belt end attachment both by winding several layers on a roll, as well as by forming loops in the belts.

The two alternative configurations of the said belt length compensation described below are particularly preferred.

A type A solution is referred to below that in Figure 7 is shown as a solution according to type B that in Figure 8 is shown. In Figure 9 a detail of the arrangement is shown. It is in the Figures 7 to 9 the concept described above is provided, with three tension elements 6, 7, 8 (in the Figures 7 and 8th only indicated with regard to their position) are wound on rollers in an H-shaped manner

The solutions according to type A and type B are not equally suitable for both types of belt end attachment. While type A can be used with both types of belt end attachment mentioned, with type B the belt must be wound up on a rotating belt end reel.

The central element of the belt length compensation are two eccentrics 32, which are mounted centrally in the subframe 4. The longitudinally arranged belt end roller 33 is mounted in a rocker 34, the axis of rotation W of which is mounted eccentrically to the axis of rotation E of the eccentric 32. The belt tensile force on the longitudinally arranged belt end roller 33 creates a left-turning torque on the eccentrics 32. This torque is in equilibrium with a right-turning torque which two pull rods 35, 36 exert. These tie rods 35, 36 are each either with two further rockers 37, 38 of the transversely arranged belt end rollers 39, 40 (according to type A Fig. 7 ) or directly with the rotatably mounted transverse belt end rollers 39, 40 (for type B according to Fig. 8 ) connected. Depending on the articulation of the tie rods 35, 36 on the eccentric 32, the torque direction can also act in the opposite direction to the description (cf. Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 ).

The tensile force of the tie rods 35, 36 increases proportionally with the belt tensile force of the transverse belts 6, 7 and thus the clockwise torque. The anti-clockwise torque in turn is proportional to the tensile force of the longitudinal belt 8 (s. Fig. 5 ). Depending on the lever ratios, the balance of the eccentrics 32 is established with a certain division of the lifting load between the longitudinal belt 8 and the two transverse belts 6, 7. If the lever ratios are identical, the longitudinal belt 8 takes up half the lifting load. The other half is shared by the two cross belts 6, 7.

By increasing the eccentricity, for example, the load on the longitudinal belt 8 decreases and the load on the two transverse belts 6, 7 increases. For example, a tractive force distribution can be specified 30% across / 40% lengthways / 30% across.

The desired position of the eccentric 32 is given when the axis of rotation of the eccentric E and the axis of rotation W of the rocker of the longitudinally arranged belt end roller 33 lie in a horizontal plane. Small changes in the belt length during the winding process or due to different belt stretches can compensate for the eccentric 32 by a small rotary movement. The longitudinally arranged belt end roller 33 and the two transverse belt end rollers 39, 40 behave in an equivalent manner. This means that an expansion of the longitudinal belt 8 can be compensated for by a rightward rotation of the eccentric 32, which corresponds to a lifting movement of the belt end rollers on the transverse belts 6, 7. As a result, a new balance can be achieved while largely maintaining the specified load distribution.

The rocker 37, 38 of the transversely arranged belt end roller 39, 40 ensures that the longitudinal belt 8 is loaded symmetrically, even if, for example, the two transverse belts 6, 7 wind up slightly asymmetrically or stretch slightly differently due to an asymmetrical load distribution in the longitudinal direction. Longitudinal forces acting on the longitudinal belt 8 can nevertheless be absorbed via the transverse rigidity of the longitudinal belt.

By querying the eccentric movement, e.g. Belt breaks or slack can also be detected using limit switches.

As for type A (with rockers for cross rollers) according to Fig. 7 can be seen, the tie rods 35, 36 are each connected to a rocker 37, 38 of the transverse rollers 39, 40. The cross rollers can be rotated during the assembly process to wind up the cross belts. About three windings are customary to relieve the belt end fastening on the belt end rollers via friction. After the assembly process, the rollers 39, 40 are firmly screwed to the rocker 37, 38.

This design makes it possible to fasten the belt ends using several windings or belt loops. The former maintains full belt strength, while loops at the connection point (seam, clamping) weaken the belt.

As for type B (with rotating cross rollers) according to Fig. 8 can be seen, the tie rods 35, 36 here are each directly connected to the rotatably mounted transversely arranged belt end rollers 39, 40. The tangentially arranged cross belts exert a moment on the belt end rollers. These moments each generate a tensile force in the tie rods 35, 36.

Reference symbol list:

1

Lifting device

2nd

Rail

3rd

Carriage (upper frame)

4th

Lifting element (subframe)

5

Lifting device

6

Tension element (textile web, belt)

7

Tension element (textile web, belt)

8th

Tension element (textile web, belt)

9

Tension element (textile web, belt)

10th

Take-up device

11

Take-up device

12th

Take-up device

13

Take-up device

14

roller

15

roller

16

roller

17th

roller

18th

first drive

19th

second drive

20

Synchronization element

21

Drive motor of the first drive

22

Angular gear (bevel gear)

23

wave

24th

wave

25th

Transmission element (belt transmission / chain transmission)

26

Transmission element (belt transmission / chain transmission)

27

Drive motor of the second drive

28

Helical gear

29

Transmission element (belt transmission / chain transmission)

30th

Transmission element (belt transmission / chain transmission)

31

Hangers

32

eccentric

33

Belt end roll (lengthways)

34

Seesaw

35

pull bar

36

pull bar

37

Seesaw

38

Seesaw

39

Belt end roller (across)

40

Belt end roller (across)

V

vertical

D

thickness

B

width

a ₁

Axis of rotation

a ₂

Axis of rotation

a ₃

Axis of rotation

a ₄

Axis of rotation

W

Axis of rotation of rocker 34

E

Axis of rotation of the eccentric

Claims (11)

1. Lifting apparatus (1), comprising

   - a support carriage (3) which can be moved along a track (2),

   - a lifting element (4) for holding a load,

   - a lifting device (5) with which the lifting element (4) can be raised and lowered in the vertical direction (V) relative to the supporting carriage (3),

   wherein the lifting device (5) comprises at least two tension elements (6, 7, 8, 9), wherein each tension element (6, 7, 8, 9) is fixed with one end at the lifting element (4) and at the supporting carriage (3) and can be wound by means of each one winding apparatus (10, 11, 12, 13) onto the supporting carriage (3) or onto the lifting element (4),
   wherein each tension element (6, 7, 8, 9) is designed as plane sheet and each winding apparatus (10, 11, 12, 13) comprises at least one roller (14, 15, 16, 17) by which the tension element (6, 7, 8, 9) can be wound, wherein each tension element (6, 7, 8, 9) comprises a thickness (D) and a width (B), wherein the width (B) is at least 100 times of the thickness (D),
   wherein at least one first winding apparatus (10, 11) and at least one second winding apparatus (12, 13) is given, wherein a roller (14, 15) of the first winding apparatus (10, 11) and a roller (16, 17) of the second winding apparatus (12, 13) have axes of rotation (a₁, a₂, a₃, a₄) which are arranged perpendicular to another,
   characterized in
   that a first drive (18) is present for driving of the at least one first winding apparatus (10, 11) and a second drive (19) for driving of the at least one second winding apparatus (12, 13),
   wherein the first drive (18) comprises a drive motor (21) which drives at least one shaft (23, 24) via an conical gear mechanism (22), preferably via a bevel gear, which shaft (23, 24) drives a roller (14, 15) of the first winding apparatus (10, 11) via a gear mechanism element (25, 26) and
   wherein the second drive (19) comprises a drive motor (27) which drives a roller (16, 17) of the second winding apparatus (12, 13) via a spur gear, a parallel-shaft gear or a planetary gear mechanism (28).
2. Lifting apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the width (B) is at least 500 times of the thickness (D).
3. Lifting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that four winding apparatus (10, 11, 12, 13) are present, wherein respectively the roller (14, 15, 16, 17) of two winding apparatus (10, 11, 12, 13) have axes of rotation (a₁, a₂, a₃, a₄) which are arranged parallel to another and wherein the axes of rotation (a₁, a₂) of the rollers (14, 15) of two winding apparatus (10, 11) are perpendicular to the axis of rotation (a₃, a₄) of the rollers (16, 17) of the two further winding apparatus (12, 13).
4. Lifting apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the first drive (18) for driving of two winding apparatus (10, 11) and the second drive (19) for driving of two further winding apparatus (12, 13) are present.
5. Lifting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that three winding apparatus (10, 11, 12) are present, wherein two rollers (14, 15) of the first and second winding apparatus (10, 11) have axes of rotation (a₁, a₂) which are arranged parallel to another and the axis of rotation (a₃) of the roller (16) of the third winding apparatus (12) is arranged perpendicular to the axis of rotation (a₁, a₂) of the first and second winding apparatus (10, 11).
6. Lifting apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the rollers (14, 15) of the first and second winding apparatus (10, 11) and the roller (16) of the third winding apparatus (12) form a H-shaped structure in the top plan view.
7. Lifting apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the tension elements (6, 7, 8, 9) consist of textile material, especially of a textile sheet, or of metal, especially of a metal sheet or of a netting.
8. Lifting apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that between the first drive (18) and the second drive (19) a synchronization element (20) is arranged for a synchronal movement of the two drives (18, 19).
9. Lifting apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the gear mechanism element (25, 26) is a belt drive or a chain drive.
10. Lifting apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the spur gear (28) is a parallel-shaft gear.
11. Lifting apparatus according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that between the spur gear (28) and the roller (16, 17) of the second winding apparatus (12, 13) a gear element (29, 30) is arranged, especially a belt drive or a chain drive.

Images