EP3412362B1 - Verwendung eines pipettenspitzenadapters - Google Patents

Verwendung eines pipettenspitzenadapters Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3412362B1
EP3412362B1 EP18184263.4A EP18184263A EP3412362B1 EP 3412362 B1 EP3412362 B1 EP 3412362B1 EP 18184263 A EP18184263 A EP 18184263A EP 3412362 B1 EP3412362 B1 EP 3412362B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pipettor
tubes
adapter
sealing
array
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18184263.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3412362A1 (de
Inventor
Richard Cote
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Avidien Technologies
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Avidien Technologies
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Avidien Technologies filed Critical Avidien Technologies
Priority to EP20159231.8A priority Critical patent/EP3682969B1/de
Publication of EP3412362A1 publication Critical patent/EP3412362A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3412362B1 publication Critical patent/EP3412362B1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/50—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes
    • B01L3/502—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures
    • B01L3/5025—Containers for the purpose of retaining a material to be analysed, e.g. test tubes with fluid transport, e.g. in multi-compartment structures for parallel transport of multiple samples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
    • B01L3/021—Pipettes, i.e. with only one conduit for withdrawing and redistributing liquids
    • B01L3/0217—Pipettes, i.e. with only one conduit for withdrawing and redistributing liquids of the plunger pump type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/02—Adapting objects or devices to another
    • B01L2200/021—Adjust spacings in an array of wells, pipettes or holders, format transfer between arrays of different size or geometry
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/02—Adapting objects or devices to another
    • B01L2200/023—Adapting objects or devices to another adapted for different sizes of tubes, tips or container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/02—Adapting objects or devices to another
    • B01L2200/025—Align devices or objects to ensure defined positions relative to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2200/00—Solutions for specific problems relating to chemical or physical laboratory apparatus
    • B01L2200/02—Adapting objects or devices to another
    • B01L2200/026—Fluid interfacing between devices or objects, e.g. connectors, inlet details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L2300/00—Additional constructional details
    • B01L2300/08—Geometry, shape and general structure
    • B01L2300/0809—Geometry, shape and general structure rectangular shaped
    • B01L2300/0829—Multi-well plates; Microtitration plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/02—Burettes; Pipettes
    • B01L3/0275—Interchangeable or disposable dispensing tips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01L—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE
    • B01L3/00—Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware; Droppers
    • B01L3/56—Labware specially adapted for transferring fluids
    • B01L3/563—Joints or fittings ; Separable fluid transfer means to transfer fluids between at least two containers, e.g. connectors
    • B01L3/5635—Joints or fittings ; Separable fluid transfer means to transfer fluids between at least two containers, e.g. connectors connecting two containers face to face, e.g. comprising a filter

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates generally to multichannel air displacement pipettors employing disposable pipette tips, and is concerned in the particular with the provision of an adapter for providing an interface between the pipette tips and the pipettor.
  • Air displacement pipettors are typically used to transfer liquids between vessels as part of an assay.
  • Common vessels are microtiter plates, test tubes and reservoirs.
  • Air displacement pipettors frequently make use of a piston and cylinder arrangement, which is used to create positive and negative pressure in an attached pipette tip. When the open end of the tip is placed into a liquid, the change in pressure causes the liquid to be aspirated into, or dispensed from, the interior of the pipette tip.
  • Cross contamination can occur when a first liquid sample aspirated into and then dispensed from a pipette tip leaves a residual amount of sample in the tip. A subsequently aspirated sample mixes with the residual first sample and is thus contaminated. This type of cross contamination can also occur through residual sample on the exterior of the pipette tip.
  • pipette tips are commonly injection molded in a chemically resistant material such as polypropylene. They are conical in shape.
  • the pipettor's mounting shaft is typically cylindrical with a slight taper that closely matches the conical angle and diameter of the tip.
  • the tip is installed by applying an axial force to the mounting shaft that forces the tapered portion of the shaft into the tip. Flexibility of the tip material allows it to stretch radially and provide both an air-tight seal and mechanical stability of the tip to the pipetting device.
  • the typical axial force required to securely mount a single tip onto a tip mounting shaft is between 1.5 and 4 lbs (6.7 and 18 N).
  • a stripper mechanism is typically used to push the tip from the mounting shaft. Tip ejection forces are in the same range as the mounting forces.
  • Pipette tips are frequently packaged in a rack that positions them with their top surfaces in a common plane with centerline spacing that matches that of the instrument. For example, a 96 channel pipette tip rack holds an 8 x 12 array of tips with 9mm between centers. The high forces required to attach all of the tips in the rack often causes the tip rack to bow in the center of the array, resulting in poor sealing and attachment of centrally located tips. To counter this, tip manufacturers reinforce the tip racks intended for use with multichannel pipettors. This, in turn, increases the cost of the racks and therefore the cost to operate the instrument.
  • US 2002/086440 A1 discloses a known multichannel pipetting apparatus for simultaneous pipetting of a plurality of sample wells or containers.
  • the pipetting channels of the apparatus have been divided into groups, which are connected via an adapter containing a plurality of channels to pipetting tips of a known type.
  • an adapter containing a plurality of channels to pipetting tips of a known type.
  • US 4237095 A discloses a disposable pipette tip vessel intended for use in connection with a dosage pipette.
  • the upper part of said tip vessel is designed so that it can be connected, by means of a friction joint, to the lower part of the cylindrical portion of the pipette or of an extension of said cylindrical part.
  • the lowest point of the tip vessel is provided with a hole for suction of the liquid to be pipetted into the tip vessel and, correspondingly, for emptying the tip vessel of the liquid contained therein.
  • embodiments of the present invention address the drawbacks of the prior art by providing a pipette tip adapter whose purpose is to adapt commonly available low cost pipette tips to a multichannel air displacement pipettor in a way that reduces the mounting and ejection forces described above.
  • Any universal pipette tip available in the marketplace can be assembled to the pipette tip adapter.
  • End users of the related multichannel air displacement pipettor designed to accept the pipette tip adapter would install the assembly onto the pipettor.
  • the pipette tip adapter reduces the forces required to mount and seal the tips to less than 10 lbs (44 N). Ejection forces are equally reduced.
  • the pipette tip adapter as disclosed herein comprises a planar base with an array of openings extending between its top and bottom surfaces. Sealing tubes project upwardly from top surface of the base, and tip mounting tubes project downwardly from the bottom surface of the base. Pairs of sealing tubes and tip mounting tubes re arranged coaxially and in communication with respective ones of the openings in the base.
  • the tip mounting tubes are externally dimensioned and configured for insertion into the conical upper ends of pipette tips, and the sealing tubes are externally configured and dimensioned for insertion into ports of a multichannel air displacement pipettor.
  • the base may preferably be strengthened by networks of reinforcing ribs on its top and/or bottom surfaces.
  • a pipettor tip adapter in accordance with an exemplary embodiment as described herein is generally indicated at 10.
  • the pipette tip adapter comprises a planar base 12 with an array of openings 14 extending between bottom and top surface 16, 18 of the base.
  • Sealing tubes indicated typically at 20 project upwardly from the top surface 16, and tip mounting tubes indicated typically at 22 project downwardly from the bottom surface 18. Pairs of sealing tubes 20 and mounting tubes 22 are arranges coaxially and in communication with respective ones of the openings 14 in the base 12.
  • the sealing tubes 20 and tip mounting tubes 22 may be arranged in an array of rows and columns.
  • the spacing of the rows and columns matches the commonly available tip spacing of both multichannel pipettors and associated racks found in the marketplace. These in turn match the well positions of commonly available micro titer plates.
  • Nine and four and a half millimeters are two common spacing distances.
  • a 96 channel pipettor has twelve rows and eight columns of tips on nine millimeter spacing
  • a 384 channel pipettor has a twenty four by sixteen matrix on a four and a half millimeter spacing.
  • This channel pipettor can also be used in a one-dimensional array format. For example, a single row of twelve on a nine mm spacing.
  • the tip mounting tubes 22 comprise truncated conical cones configured and dimensioned for insertion and sealing interengagement with the conical upper ends 24 of pipette tips 26.
  • Fig. 5 shows an array of pipette tips 26 secured to the tip mounting tubes of the adapter.
  • Base 12 may be advantageously strengthened by a network of upper reinforcing ribs 28 on its top surface 16, and/or a similar network of lower reinforcing ribs 30 on its bottom surface 18.
  • the sealing tubes 20 may be located where the upper reinforcing ribs 28 converge, whereas the tip mounting tubes 22 may be located in areas of the bottom surface bracketed by the lower reinforcing ribs 30.
  • the sealing tubes 20 have cylindrical walls with chamfered upper ends 20a.
  • the tip mounting tubes 22 project downwardly below the lower reinforcing ribs 30, and the sealing tubes 20 project upwardly above the upper reinforcing ribs 28.
  • a multichannel air displacement pipettor is generally indicated at 32.
  • the head 34 of the pipettor is designed to accept the pipette adapter 10.
  • the pipette adapter may be provided with laterally extending rails 36 which are designed to slide into receiving slots in the pipettor head.
  • Tabs 35 also may be provided to facilitate handling the adapter.
  • the pipettor head has an array of cylinders indicated typically at 38 matching the array of sealing tubes 20 of the tip adapter 10.
  • the cylinders 38 lead to ports lined with O-rings providing compliant internal sealing surfaces.
  • O-rings 40 are shown, any equivalent compliant seal material and appropriate geometry could be employed.
  • a sheet of elastomeric material with a matrix of aligned bore holes could be employed.
  • the chamfered upper ends 20a of the sealing tubes serve to lower the insertion forces of the sealing tubes into the ports of the pipettor cylinders 38 while also reducing wear and tear of the O-rings 40 or other like compliant sealing surfaces.
  • Pistons indicated typically at 42 are arranged for reciprocal movement in the cylinders 38.
  • the pistons 42 are withdrawn in the cylinders 38 away from the adapter 10, and in Fig. 10 , the pistons are shown advanced in the cylinders.
  • the tip adapter 10 is preferably injection molded using standard tooling methods and common processing techniques.
  • Materials can include any rigid injection moldable polymer, with polypropylene being preferred.
  • a polymer with an internal lubricant that blooms to the surface of the part is preferable because the presence of the lubricant on the surface will reduce insertion forces and wear and tear on the seals.
  • the exemplary embodiment herein described is preferably disposable.
  • a non-disposable version is also possible, its design being essentially identical but produced from a material that is more robust and autoclavable. In such a design, the tips are installed to the adapter by the user with a dedicated fixture.
  • tip size geometries can be accommodated in a single adapter by arranging the tip mounting tubes in a tiered geometry, where the larger tips fit on one tier and the smaller tips on a second tier.
  • disposable pipette tips incorporate filters.
  • the purpose of the filter is to avoid aerosol contamination of the pipette mechanism by the liquid being pipetted.
  • the pipette tip adapter may be configured to accept such filters, thereby eliminating the need to use expensive tips with filters pre-installed in them.
  • the adapter as described herein offers significant and heretofore unavailable advantages.
  • the chamfered upper ends 20a of the sealing tubes 20 interact with the O-rings or equivalent compliant sealing materials to beneficially reduce the forces required to connect the pipette tips to the pipettor.
  • the adapter's sealing tubes 20 can be successfully inserted into the cylinder ports of the pipettor with a minimal coupling force on the order of 10lbs (44 N). This can be accomplished safely without exposing an operator to potential injury.
  • the adapter base 12 preferably when strengthened by the upper and/or lower reinforcing ribs 28, 30, provides a rigid platform supporting the tip mounting tubes 22 and sealing tubes 20.
  • the adapter can be pressed onto an array of pipette tubes without undergoing deflection that might otherwise compromise uniform and reliable sealed insertion of the tip mounting tubes 22.
  • This same rigidity when coupled with the minimal coupling forces referenced above, results in a more uniform and reliable insertion of the sealing tubes into the pipettor cylinder ports.
  • the disclosure herein relates to the following aspects:

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Clinical Laboratory Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Devices For Use In Laboratory Experiments (AREA)
  • Automatic Analysis And Handling Materials Therefor (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Verfahren zum Anschließen eines Mehrkanal-Luftverdrängungspipettors an eine Anordnung von Pipettenspitzen (26), wobei die Pipettenspitzen (26) Durchgangsbohrungen mit konischen oberen Enden (24) aufweisen, wobei der Pipettor eine Vielzahl von Anschlüssen mit konformen inneren Dichtungsflächen (40) aufweist, und wobei das Verfahren die Schritte umfasst:
    Bereitstellen einer Anordnung, die einen Adapter (10) und die Anordnung von Pipettenspitzen (26) umfasst, wobei:
    der Adapter (10) eine planare Basis (12) mit einer Anordnung von Öffnungen (14), die sich zwischen oberen und unteren Oberflächen (16, 18) der Basis (12) erstrecken, Dichtungsrohre (20), die von der oberen Oberfläche (16) nach oben ragen und Spitzenmontagerohre (22), die von der unteren Oberfläche (18) nach unten ragen, umfasst, wobei Paare von Dichtungsrohren (20) und Spitzenmontagerohren (22) koaxial und in Verbindung mit jeweiligen Öffnungen (14) in der Basis (12) angeordnet sind, und wobei die Spitzenmontagerohre (22) in die konischen oberen Enden (24) der Pipettenspitzen (26) eingesetzt sind;
    Einsetzen der Dichtungsrohre (20) in die Anschlüsse des Pipettors; und
    Einrasten der Dichtungsrohre (20), so dass diese in dichtenden Eingriff mit den konformen inneren Dichtungsflächen (40) in der Vielzahl von Anschlüssen des Pipettors kommen.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Basis (12) durch ein Netzwerk von oberen Verstärkungsrippen (28) auf der oberen Oberfläche (16) verstärkt ist.
  3. Verfahren Anspruch 2, wobei die Dichtungsrohre (20) nach oben über die oberen Verstärkungsrippen (28) ragen.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei die Basis (12) durch ein Netzwerk von unteren Verstärkungsrippen (30) auf der unteren Oberfläche (18) verstärkt ist.
  5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, wobei die Spitzenmontagerohre (22) nach unten unter die unteren Verstärkungsrippen (30) ragen.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 5, wobei die Spitzenmontagerohre (22) hohle kegelstumpfartige Kegel umfassen.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 6, wobei die Dichtungsrohre (20) zylindrische Wände mit sich verjüngenden oberen Enden (20a) umfassen.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 7, wobei der Adapter aus spritzgußfähigem Polymer gebildet ist.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 8, wobei der Adapter seitlich verlaufende Schienen (36) aufweist, die so gestaltet sind, dass sie in Aufnahmeschlitze in einem Pipettorkopf gleiten können.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 9, wobei der Adapter Laschen (35) zur erleichterten Handhabung des Adapters aufweist.
  11. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 10, wobei der Mehrkanal-Luftverdrängungspipettor (32) eine Anordnung von Pipettorzylindern (38) aufweist.
  12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, wobei der Mehrkanal-Luftverdrängungspipettor (32) ferner eine Anordnung von Kolben (42) aufweist, die zur Hin- und Herbewegung in der Anordnung von Pipettorzylindern (38) angeordnet sind.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, wobei jeder Pipettorzylinder (38) des Mehrkanal-Luftverdrängungspipettors (32) weiter ein konformes Dichtungsmaterial (40) aufweist.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, wobei das konforme Dichtungsmaterial als eine Anordnung von O-Ringen (40) bereitgestellt ist, die mit einer äußeren Oberfläche jedes Dichtungsrohrs (20) zusammenwirken.
  15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 14, wobei das Verfahren weiterhin den Schritt umfasst, die Kolben (42) in den Zylindern (38) hin- und herzubewegen.
EP18184263.4A 2011-07-20 2012-07-09 Verwendung eines pipettenspitzenadapters Active EP3412362B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP20159231.8A EP3682969B1 (de) 2011-07-20 2012-07-09 Pipettenspitzen-adapter-baugruppe

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201161509577P 2011-07-20 2011-07-20
EP12740432.5A EP2734301B1 (de) 2011-07-20 2012-07-09 Anpassungsteil zur verbindung von pipettenspitzen
PCT/US2012/045925 WO2013012588A1 (en) 2011-07-20 2012-07-09 Pipette tip adapter

Related Parent Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12740432.5A Division EP2734301B1 (de) 2011-07-20 2012-07-09 Anpassungsteil zur verbindung von pipettenspitzen
EP12740432.5A Division-Into EP2734301B1 (de) 2011-07-20 2012-07-09 Anpassungsteil zur verbindung von pipettenspitzen

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20159231.8A Division EP3682969B1 (de) 2011-07-20 2012-07-09 Pipettenspitzen-adapter-baugruppe
EP20159231.8A Division-Into EP3682969B1 (de) 2011-07-20 2012-07-09 Pipettenspitzen-adapter-baugruppe

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3412362A1 EP3412362A1 (de) 2018-12-12
EP3412362B1 true EP3412362B1 (de) 2020-04-01

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ID=46583015

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18184263.4A Active EP3412362B1 (de) 2011-07-20 2012-07-09 Verwendung eines pipettenspitzenadapters
EP20159231.8A Active EP3682969B1 (de) 2011-07-20 2012-07-09 Pipettenspitzen-adapter-baugruppe
EP12740432.5A Active EP2734301B1 (de) 2011-07-20 2012-07-09 Anpassungsteil zur verbindung von pipettenspitzen

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20159231.8A Active EP3682969B1 (de) 2011-07-20 2012-07-09 Pipettenspitzen-adapter-baugruppe
EP12740432.5A Active EP2734301B1 (de) 2011-07-20 2012-07-09 Anpassungsteil zur verbindung von pipettenspitzen

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20180117584A1 (de)
EP (3) EP3412362B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2013012588A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

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CN110813398A (zh) * 2019-11-18 2020-02-21 威尚生物技术（合肥）有限公司 一种移液器的枪头填装装置

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US11559802B2 (en) 2011-07-20 2023-01-24 Avidien Technologies, Inc. Pipette tip adapter
EP3221050B1 (de) * 2014-11-18 2021-05-19 Avidien Technologies, Inc. Mehrkanaliger luftverdrängungspipettierer
DE102017117789A1 (de) * 2017-08-04 2019-02-07 Als Automated Lab Solutions Gmbh Adapter zur Aufnahme einer Kapillare und dessen Verwendung
USD905267S1 (en) 2019-03-27 2020-12-15 Avidien Technologies, Inc. Pipette tip adapter
EP3946738A2 (de) * 2019-03-27 2022-02-09 Avidien Technologies, Inc. Adapter für segmentierte pipettenspitzen
DE102021107590A1 (de) 2021-03-25 2022-09-29 Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf Vorrichtung zum effizienten Mediumwechsel in Mikrotiterplatten
USD1021135S1 (en) * 2022-05-31 2024-04-02 Tecan Trading Ag Tray for pipetting tips

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110813398A (zh) * 2019-11-18 2020-02-21 威尚生物技术（合肥）有限公司 一种移液器的枪头填装装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20180117584A1 (en) 2018-05-03
EP3682969B1 (de) 2022-03-23
EP2734301B1 (de) 2019-02-20
EP3412362A1 (de) 2018-12-12
EP2734301A1 (de) 2014-05-28
EP3682969A1 (de) 2020-07-22
WO2013012588A1 (en) 2013-01-24

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