EP3411202A2 - Rotationskörper - Google Patents
RotationskörperInfo
- Publication number
- EP3411202A2 EP3411202A2 EP17703675.3A EP17703675A EP3411202A2 EP 3411202 A2 EP3411202 A2 EP 3411202A2 EP 17703675 A EP17703675 A EP 17703675A EP 3411202 A2 EP3411202 A2 EP 3411202A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- rotary body
- region
- mold
- foaming
- receiving space
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
- B22F7/004—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part
- B22F7/006—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part the porous part being obtained by foaming
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
- B22F3/1125—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
- B22F5/106—Tube or ring forms
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
- B22F3/1125—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers involving a foaming process
- B22F2003/1128—Foaming by expansion of dissolved gas, other than with foaming agent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
- B26D1/12—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis
- B26D1/14—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a cutting member moving about an axis with a circular cutting member, e.g. disc cutter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
- B26D1/0006—Cutting members therefor
- B26D2001/002—Materials or surface treatments therefor, e.g. composite materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
- B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
- B26D2210/00—Machines or methods used for cutting special materials
- B26D2210/02—Machines or methods used for cutting special materials for cutting food products, e.g. food slicers
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a rotary body for processing and / or processing of products, having at least one operating area rotating during operation and a supporting area connected to the functional area. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing a rotating body, which has at least one operating area rotating in operation and a carrying area connected to the functional area.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a reduced-weight rotary body and a method for its production, without impairing the functionality of the rotary body and its stability or rigidity required for the respective application.
- This object is achieved by a rotary body having the features of claim 1 and by a method having the features of claim 20.
- the support region consists at least partially of one
- foam materials offer considerable weight savings, while generally retaining the mechanical properties of the starting material. They are therefore particularly suitable for constructions of lightweight construction.
- the foam material comprises a ceramic foam or foamed ceramics and / or a plastic foam.
- the foam material is a ceramic and / or plastic foam.
- the foam material comprises a metal foam, in particular aluminum foam.
- the foam material is preferably a metal foam, in particular aluminum foam.
- Metal foams are metallic structures with a large volume fraction of gas-filled pores.
- Metal foams can be divided into porous and closed-cell metal foams. Closed-cell metal foams have pores separated by thin metal films and may be substantially similar in structure to cork. Open-pored metal foams consist of a three-dimensional network of interconnected open pores that can be traversed by fluids. Open-cell metal foams have a very large internal surface area and can be substantially similar in structure to bone tissue or natural sponges. Therefore, they can also be called metal sponges.
- the metal foam of the rotary body according to the invention is preferably an open-pore metal foam, but this embodiment is not mandatory.
- the use of metal foam, which is in particular a porous material with a high rigidity and a low specific weight and which has a very good energy absorption and damping capacity, can achieve a significant weight reduction.
- the metal foam is produced by a powder metallurgical process, preferably by a thermal treatment, in particular sintering, of a metallic starting material.
- the powder metallurgical process may be, for example, the reaction of a metal powder with a powdered metal hydride. In this case, both powders are usually mixed together and compacted by sintering or extrusion to a starting material. The starting material is then heated to a temperature above the melting point of the metal powder, wherein the metal hydride releases gaseous hydrogen and foams the mixture.
- the solid constituents may be, for example, silicon carbide, aluminum oxide or even calcium.
- silicon carbide aluminum oxide
- aluminum alloys to be foamed for example, 10 to 12% by volume of silicon carbide or alumina is added.
- the solid components increase the viscosity of the melt and stabilize it.
- a further, particularly preferred process for the production of metal foams used according to the invention is the slip reaction foam sintering process (SRSS process).
- SRSS process the reaction of an acid, in particular phosphoric acid, with a metal powder, in particular iron, steel or nickel powder, formed in water and / or alcohol as a solvent hydrogen, which causes a foaming of the so-called slip.
- Other reaction products formed in this reaction bind the
- Foam structure of the slurry and lead to a "freezing" of the foam structure The result is first a precursor or green compact with a closed-pore structure. This starting material is then removed by a thermal treatment, in particular sintering, under a reducing atmosphere or in a vacuum to form an open-pored metal foam. The formation of the open-pored structure is based on the release of the solvent induced by the thermal treatment.
- the rotary body according to the invention preferably comprises an iron, stainless steel and / or steel foam.
- the starting material can be present as powder, granules or in solid, in particular pre-pressed, block-like form.
- the starting material may be in the form of a strand from which discs or pieces (pads) can be sawed or cut as needed.
- the cross-sectional shape of such a strand is basically arbitrary and can be adapted to the dimensions of the rotating body, in particular the dimensions of one or more receiving spaces to be filled with the metal foam.
- a propellant is usually required. This can be added either in liquid form or as a powder to the unfoamed plastic. By converting the blowing agent into gas, a foam can be formed from the liquid or plastic-soft plastic.
- Propellants can basically become gaseous by physical means or by chemical reaction.
- low-boiling liquids can be used as blowing agents which act in a physical way to foam-form.
- the blowing agent can evaporate and thereby foam the plastic.
- Chemical blowing agents are usually those agents which decompose in a certain temperature range and thereby release the gas necessary for foaming.
- one of the chemical blowing agents is ammonium bicarbonate, which can release CO2 when heated.
- the rotating body is a cutting blade, a cutting wheel or a grinding wheel operated at more than 100 revolutions per minute.
- the products to be processed or processed are, in particular, food products such as ham, sausage and cheese, which are sliced with a rotating body designed as a cutting blade. Furthermore, it may be products from the construction, metal, plastics and wood industries, such as bricks, tiles, boards, flooring, profiles, piping, fittings, etc.
- the functional area of the rotating body is preferably its working area, i. the area that also causes the function of the rotating body such as cutting, cutting, crushing, pressing, depositing and / or grinding.
- the functional area is one
- Cutting area which may have a radially outwardly facing cutting edge.
- a functional area may also be an optionally provided holding area, which serves in particular for fastening the rotational body to a corresponding device, for example a rotary drive. It is therefore preferred that the rotary body has at least two functional areas, in particular a radially outer and a radially inner.
- the holding rich may belong to the support area, but need not necessarily include the foam material itself.
- the support region of the rotation body may be materially bonded, for example by welding, soldering or gluing, or also releasably connected to the functional area.
- the cohesive connection is effected by welding.
- the support area is soldered to the functional area, screwed or riveted.
- a substantially flush transition is provided between the support region and the functional region, so that edges and projections are avoided. An otherwise possible deposition of dirt and contamination on such edges and projections is thus prevented.
- the rotary body is designed as a cutting blade with a cutting area forming the functional area.
- it is designed as a cutting knife, preferably as a circular, sickle, spiral or cutter knife, for a device for slicing, cutting and / or shredding food products, in particular for a high-performance slicer.
- High-performance slicers are used to cut up food products, such as ham, sausage or cheese, with a high cutting rate, whereby the cutting speed of the slicer and thus the speed of the cutting knife can be between 100 and 1 .200 slices per minute.
- the cutting blade For the implementation of so-called idle cuts, which are possible with many slicers, the cutting blade must be moved within a very short time periods over a certain, relatively short disengagement or engagement distance in the axial direction and is thus exposed to high accelerations.
- the rotational body is disc-shaped and rotates in operation about an axis of rotation which is perpendicular to a disc plane of the rotational body.
- the axis of rotation corresponds in particular to a principal axis of inertia of the body of revolution.
- a maximum radius of the rotary body is greater than about 150 mm and / or less than about 600 mm.
- the weight of the rotating body is preferably greater than about 2 kg and / or less than about 50 kg.
- the lightweight construction effect to be achieved by the use of the foam material has a marked effect, in particular in the case of rotary bodies of large diameter, which have a correspondingly high weight in a conventional construction method.
- rotary bodies of large diameter which have a correspondingly high weight in a conventional construction method.
- a weight saving of about 20% to 60% can be achieved by the use of the foam material, for example, a weight saving of about 20% to 60%.
- the reduced weight of the rotary body according to the invention facilitates in particular its handling during transport and storage.
- the rotary body is preferably designed for working speeds or rotational speeds of more than approximately 100 rpm, more preferably of more than approximately 600 rpm, in particular of more than approximately 1.200 rpm.
- the reduced weight of the rotary body according to the invention compared with conventional rotary bodies has a particularly favorable effect on the wear behavior of the device at such operating speeds, at which the rotary body is solidified. For example, the life of the bearings of a rotary drive is significantly extended by the lightweight construction of the rotating body.
- a functional area is formed by a radially outer cutting area.
- the cutting area has a radially outwardly directed cutting edge.
- the support region in this case comprises a central holding region as a further functional region for fastening the rotational body to a rotary drive and between the cutting region and the holding region an intermediate region consisting at least partially of the foam material.
- the rotary body can thus have a three-part structure and in particular consist of an outer cutting area, a middle intermediate area and an inner holding area.
- the holding region is preferably in the form of a disk, cup or bowl and may be e.g. a central recess through which a drive shaft or a mounting pin for the rotary body may extend, and / or a plurality of openings for fastening, in particular by screwing, on a rotary drive.
- the holding region may have surfaces for non-positively fixing the rotational body to an associated receptacle.
- the holding area can also serve for fastening the rotating body to a non-rotating part of a device.
- a device can be, for example, a knife guard, a transport device or a grinding or sharpening device.
- the holding area serves primarily to fasten the rotating body to a receptacle, in particular a hub, of a rotary drive.
- the foam material with at least one outer cover element forms a composite component.
- the cover element may in particular be an upper or lower or front or rear half-shell of the rotary body, in particular a cutting blade.
- the composite component can be characterized by an intimate, material-locking connection between the cover element and the foam material, which arises during the foaming of the starting material.
- the at least one cover element is preferably part of a foaming mold which comprises at least one receiving space into which the starting material is introduced before foaming.
- the surface of the cover element to be bonded to the foam material is chemically and / or mechanically pretreated.
- the mechanical pretreatment may, in particular, be roughening of the surface, for example by means of sandblasting.
- the chemical pretreatment may in particular be a wet-chemical roughening of the surface by means of acids.
- it may be a metallurgical treatment of the surface of the cover element to be joined to the foam material, in which the surface is coated with an additional metal layer, for example zinc.
- the holding area and / or the cutting area may also have such a surface treatment.
- the composite component has a sandwich structure of an upper or front cover element, the foam material and a lower or Hinte- Ren cover element, wherein it may be in the cover elements to the half-shells of at least a portion of a rotating body, in particular located between an outer cutting area and a central holding area intermediate portion of the rotary body forming cutting blade.
- the support region comprises at least two outer cover elements, between which the foam material is arranged.
- the support portion at least partially has a sandwich structure, as e.g. is described above, wherein an intimate, cohesive connection between the foam material and the cover elements may be provided, but need not necessarily be provided.
- the two outer cover elements belong to an intermediate region, which is located between a radially outer cutting region and a central holding region.
- the cover elements are preferably connected radially to the outside with the cutting area and radially inward to the holding area.
- end faces of the intermediate region may be formed open or closed.
- the end face is formed substantially from a surface of the foam material.
- the two outer cover elements, between which the foam material is arranged form the end faces of the intermediate region.
- the two outer cover elements for example, be pressed together touching each other.
- a cover element or even both cover elements can be bent over an edge of the intermediate region.
- At least one of the cover elements may be at least partially plate-shaped. It is preferred if both cover elements have plate-shaped sections which run in particular parallel to one another.
- the intermediate region is particularly preferably a sandwich construction consisting of two at least partially at least substantially parallel, at least substantially flat outer cover elements and the foam material arranged between them.
- At least one cover element can have one or more non-plate-shaped sections.
- these may be sections that are curved outward or in the direction of the foam material.
- an entire outer side of the intermediate region or the entire intermediate region may also be arched.
- the two outer cover elements have non-plate-shaped sections that are complementary to each other, so that in particular the distance between the two outer cover elements remains substantially the same.
- the intermediate area on a bowl is also conceivable.
- a non-plate-like shape of a cover element can be realized by appropriate prefabrication or during foaming. In the latter case, the fact can be exploited that during the foaming of the primary material a volumetric expansion can occur or an increase in pressure in the corresponding foaming mold. This increase in pressure or this increase in volume can be exploited for a controlled deformation of at least one cover element. For this purpose, for example, during foaming, the intermediate region can be stretched into a molding component which permits expansion only in a certain direction.
- the cover elements are preferably separate prefabricated parts which, in particular in the production of the rotary body, are connected to the cutting area and / or holding area, preferably by welding.
- the cover elements in particular when it comes to separately prefabricated parts to sheets, for example, for use in the food industry made of stainless steel. It is also possible that at least one of the cover elements is formed integrally with the cutting and / or holding area. For example, one of the two cover elements may be integrally formed with the cutting area and the other cover element with the holding area, the prefabrication then preferably each consisting of a single workpiece, e.g. from a relatively thick sheet, takes place.
- At least one outer cover element is formed by the functional area.
- At least one of the outer cover elements may be formed by the functional region, in particular holding region and / or cutting region.
- the cover elements may be supported against each other, in particular by one or more support elements.
- the support elements can be projections, for example in the form of webs, ribs and / or hooks, which are attached to at least one of the cover elements. These projections can be fixed to the cover element, eg bolted, riveted, glued and / or welded. Furthermore, such protrusions can be formed on at least one cover element during its prefabrication.
- the support elements may be deformations, in particular impressions, of at least one cover element. The deformations may be punctiform, strip-shaped, concentric, for example in the manner of a wave profile, and / or in the form of segments or surfaces.
- an embossing may have the shape of a circle, a triangle, a circle segment, a sheet segment and / or quadrilateral, in particular a rectangle, a square, a trapezoid or a rhombus.
- the stabilizing effect of the support elements may be based, on the one hand, on the fact that the projections and / or deformations of a cover element each extend to the other cover element.
- the support elements can be arranged opposite one another on both cover elements, so that the support elements touch one another. In particular, it may also be a combination of both variants.
- the support elements are parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotary body and in particular have a uniform distribution or symmetrical arrangement.
- a plurality of support elements may be arranged concentrically and / or in the form of radial beams.
- at least one cover element comprises an embossment which is designed to accommodate at least one microchip, in particular an RFID chip.
- At least one cover element may comprise at least one embossment which is provided with a thread and serves in particular for fixing an external device, for example a knife guard or a handling device.
- the support elements are preferably completely surrounded by the foam material and form with this preferably a composite material.
- the foam material fills at least one receiving space, which is bounded at least by an outer cover element and an inner delimiting element.
- the receiving space is preferably one or more open pockets, which are formed, in particular, by the arrangement of one or more boundary elements on an inner side of at least one cover element.
- the inner boundary elements can be struts, webs, ribs and / or walls, which can be mounted, for example, on an inner side of the cover element, in particular by screwing, gluing, welding and / or riveting.
- the limiting elements can be provided with openings, which can preferably be penetrated by the foam material.
- the boundary elements can also be formed in the framework of a prefabrication of the cover member of this. It is also conceivable that the limiting elements are impressions of the cover element. With regard to the shape of the impressions can be made to the above statements on the support elements. By appropriate arrangements of such limiting elements can be in size and shape almost any, at least partially separated or in particular completely separate receiving spaces produce, each receiving space can absorb Aufschaum Bares starting material.
- the pre-material is preferably adapted in its shape to the geometry of the receiving space.
- these may be pads of the starting material, each of which corresponds in shape or at least similar to that of the receiving space in which they are introduced.
- the starting material can be adapted in terms of its amount to the size of the respective receiving space, in particular such that the resulting from the starting material foam material at least substantially completely fills the receiving space and both underfilling and overfilling with the foam material is avoided.
- the receiving space may also be a closed chamber, which is formed in particular during the production process of the rotary body by providing a corresponding foaming mold. According to a further embodiment it is provided that at least one cover element projects into the receiving space.
- the cover element preferably comprises at least one structural element, for example one or more projections, in particular in the form of webs, ribs and / or hooks, which are connected to the cover element.
- the cover element can also have deformations, for example impressions.
- the at least one structural element is preferably surrounded by the foam material.
- the protrusion of a cover element into the receiving space serves to increase the interface between the foam material and the cover element and can thus result in a particularly strong connection, in particular a particularly strong bond.
- Advantageous embodiments of the rotary body may comprise a combination of support elements and structural elements. At least one support element can simultaneously be a structural element, and vice versa.
- a strength member is provided, which is at least partially surrounded by the foam material.
- the reinforcement is preferably in the manner of an insert, in particular reinforcement or reinforcement, formed and preferably at least partially disposed in a space filled by the foam material receiving space.
- the strength carrier may be a structured sheet metal and / or a flat two- or three-dimensional grid.
- the strength member is arranged loosely between the cover elements or on a cover element prior to foaming of the starting material.
- the strength member may also be firmly connected to at least one cover element.
- At least one strength element can simultaneously be a structural element and / or support element, and vice versa.
- the functional region of the rotary body is provided with at least one connecting element which extends into the foam material or through the foam material.
- the connecting element may be a projection which protrudes radially outwards from a central holding region or radially inward from an outer cutting region.
- the connecting element may extend in this way into at least one receiving space and is preferably surrounded by the foam material.
- the connecting elements in particular projections, may be formed, for example, as ring segments, pins, hooks and / or webs. It may also be hollow bodies such as e.g. Trade tubes.
- the connecting elements are preferably arranged on a radially outer end side of the holding region and / or on a radially inner end side of the cutting region, preferably symmetrically.
- the connecting elements can improve the connection between the functional and supporting area and bring about an optimization of the rotational body with regard to its rigidity and its deformation behavior. Furthermore, the connecting elements, in particular projections, exert a support function for the cover elements of the rotation body, in particular when their height corresponds approximately to the distance between the outer cover elements. It is also possible that the connecting elements perform the function of an inner limiting element and are involved in this way in the formation of the receiving space.
- a connection element can simultaneously be a structural element, support element and / or strength element, and vice versa.
- the functional area of the rotary body is connected in a form-fitting manner to the foam material.
- the positive connection can be realized in particular by the above-described connecting elements which are arranged on the functional areas.
- the functional area can have at least one pocket.
- the pocket can be designed as a pocket concentrically surrounding the functional area. It can also be subdivided by limiting elements into several pockets.
- the pocket of a central holding region is preferably open radially outward and the pocket of an outer cutting region preferably radially inwardly.
- the bag may constitute a partial boundary of a receiving space and is preferably of the
- Foamed material at least partially, preferably completely, filled.
- a further aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a rotational body, in particular a rotational body described above, which has at least one functional area rotating during operation and a bearing area connected to the functional area.
- the method comprises the following steps:
- Providing a foaming mold comprising at least one receiving space, wherein the receiving space is at least partially of at least one Form member is limited, which belongs to the later rotary body, and wherein the receiving space contains a foamable starting material,
- Foaming of the primary material located in the receiving space in particular by a thermal treatment, for example sintering, and / or chemical treatment.
- the molding component is preferably a cover element, an outer cutting area, a central holding area or a combination of at least two of these components.
- the receiving space or the foaming mold can thus be filled with the starting material, covered and then, in particular by thermal treatment, foamed. If necessary, subsequent processing of the rotation body can follow the last method step.
- the rotational body by bending processes and / or forming processes can be provided with a profiling, bale and / or curvature.
- the post-processing may in particular also relate only to the functional area of the rotational body. For example, it can be a machining of the cutting area, in particular the forming and / or sharpening of a cutting edge.
- the post-processing can be a straightening or balancing of the rotational body.
- the provision of the foam mold may also include a metallurgical treatment of the rotary body or a part thereof.
- the rotary body can be coated with an additional metal layer, in particular zinc.
- for curing may be further followed by a further thermal treatment, in particular sintering.
- the provision of the foaming mold can be followed by covering or closing the receiving space as a further method step. This step may be provided, in particular, if the foaming mold is not completely bounded by molded components that belong to the later rotary body.
- the foaming of the starting material takes place when the receiving space is closed.
- the covering or closing of the receiving space is preferably carried out with a tool or a holder.
- the mold or parts of the foam mold are preferably clamped in the tool or the holder and preferably completely surrounded by the tool or the holder.
- the tool or the holder may have a shape that corresponds to the contours of the mold or of the finished body of revolution.
- the tool or the holder may be part of the receiving space of the foam mold. In this case, the tool or the holder can serve as a placeholder for a molded component, which is added only after foaming.
- the at least one molding component is biased such that its shape does not change during the foaming.
- the shape of the tool or the holder is adapted to the contours of the mold component or adapts to the contours of the foaming.
- the pressure generated during foaming can be compensated.
- an at least approximately uniform distribution of the resulting foaming pressure can be achieved.
- the pressure arising during the foaming, at least locally, for a controlled deformation or deformation of the Molded part is used.
- the mold component preferably by means of the tool or the holder, a shape design can be specified, in which the mold member can expand. Accordingly, it can be provided according to a further embodiment, that the mold component is prefabricated and / or biased in the foaming mold such that the shape of the mold component is changed during the foaming.
- the closed receiving space may comprise at least one discharge or degassing opening.
- a solvent released as a result of foaming and displaced air can escape through this opening.
- the discharge or degassing has a very small compared to the volume of the receiving space cross-section.
- From the discharge or degassing exiting foam material can also be used as an indicator that the receiving space is completely filled with foam material.
- the exiting foam material should cool as directly as possible at the relatively small discharge or degassing opening, solidify and close the discharge or degassing opening.
- the amount and shape of the starting material used and / or the intensity of the thermal treatment can be adjusted such that the receiving space is filled to a desired proportion, in particular 100%, by the foam material, in particular without changing its shape.
- a targeted underfilling of the receiving space may be provided.
- the starting material is divided into a plurality of separated receiving spaces of the foaming mold, wherein preferably the starting material in each case corresponds in its shape to the shape of the respective receiving space.
- the starting material can be metered into the receiving spaces, in particular in the form of pads, pellets, granules or introduced in another way.
- the receiving spaces can communicate with each other in terms of flow, so that at least one gas permeability or an overflow of gases is present.
- the receiving space is limited exclusively by forming components belonging to the later rotational body.
- the foam mold is made of several
- Assembled mold components in particular all belong to the later rotary body.
- the mold components are preferably connected to each other before foaming, in particular by welding, soldering, gluing and / or riveting. Particularly preferably, the connection of the mold components by welding takes place.
- connection points are preferably formed at a predetermined safety distance from the primary material.
- a molding component comprises an at least substantially plate-shaped portion, wherein at least one further molding component has a non-plate-like shape.
- the further molded component preferably forms the functional area of the rotary body, in particular an outer cutting area and / or a central holding area.
- the non-plate-like shape of the further molded component is preferably obtained by prefabrication.
- a cutting blade is produced as a rotational body, wherein at least one molding component forms a radially outer cutting region and at least one molding component forms a central retaining region of the bearing region.
- the cutting area and / or the holding area can each be formed by separate mold components.
- both the cutting region and the holding region can each be formed by a single mold component, which can also form one of the outer cover elements of the intermediate region.
- At least one molding component forms an outer cover element of an intermediate region, which is arranged between the cutting region and the retaining region.
- the cover member may have a non-plate shape obtained by prefabrication.
- cover elements disposed opposite one another can have a non-plate-shaped shape which is complementary to one another.
- FIG. 1st shows a cross-sectional view of the rotating body of Fig. 1st
- FIG. 3 shows a perspective cross-section of a functional region forming a cutting area of the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
- FIG. 7 shows an enlarged perspective cross-sectional view of a holding area forming functional area of the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
- Fig. 8 shows a plan view of another embodiment of a
- Holding area forming functional area shows a plan view of another embodiment of a holding area forming functional area. shows an enlarged perspective cross-sectional view of cover elements of the embodiment of FIG. 1st 1 shows an enlarged perspective cross-sectional view of a metal foam-filled receiving space of the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
- Fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the assembled rotational body shown in Fig. 12A. shows a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a rotating body according to the invention prior to foaming. shows a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a rotating body according to the invention before foaming.
- FIGS. 15A-15G each show, purely schematically, a cross-sectional view of a possible embodiment of a foaming mold.
- 16A shows a perspective top view of a wire representation of a further embodiment of a rotation body according to the invention.
- FIG. 16B shows a perspective top view of the rotation body.
- Fig. 16C shows a perspective bottom view of the rotating body
- FIG. 1 shows a rotational body 10 according to the invention with an outer functional region 12 and a support region 14, which comprises a further inner functional region 12 formed as a holding region 20.
- the rotary body 10 is designed as a cutting blade, in particular for a high-performance slicer, as a circular blade.
- the outer functional region 12 is a cutting region 18, which has a cutting edge 19 pointing radially outward.
- the holding portion 20 is cup-shaped and has a circular central recess 21, the attachment of the
- an annular intermediate portion 22 is arranged, which comprises a plate-shaped portion 42 and a chamfered portion 44.
- the chamfered portion 44 and the plate-shaped portion 42 are formed by a first outer cover member 26.
- the cutting area 18, the intermediate area 22 and the holding area 20 are connected to each other at connection points 40.
- the joints 40 are welds.
- FIG. 2 shows a perspective cross-sectional view of the previously described cutting blade, from which it can be seen that the intermediate region 22 comprises a receiving space 32 extending between the first outer cover element 26 and a second outer cover member 28.
- the receiving space 32 is completely filled by a metal foam 16.
- a projection 48 of the cutting portion 18 In the radially outer direction of the receiving space 32 is limited by a projection 48 of the cutting portion 18.
- the contour of the projection 48 is matched to a radially outer end face 23a of the intermediate region 22 in such a way that the cutting region 18 is connected flush with the intermediate region 22 and as seamlessly as possible through the connection points 40. A hygienically unfavorable accumulation of product residues can thus be prevented.
- the radially inner side of the receiving space 32 is bounded by an end face 50 of the holding region 20.
- the end face 50 is adapted to a radially inner end face 23b of the intermediate region 22 such that both elements are connected flush to one another at the connection points 40.
- the end face 50 further comprises two ribs 52 concentrically encircling the holding region 20, each forming a stop surface 53 for the outer cover elements 26, 28.
- FIG. 1 1 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the receiving space 32, which is completely filled by the metal foam 16.
- Fig. 1 1 isolated the foam filling, ie a body formed by the metal foam 16 with end faces 23a, 23b.
- the receiving space 32 is bounded on the one hand by the outer cover elements 26, 28, which are shown insulated in FIG.
- the receiving space 32 is limited by the cutting area 18, which is shown in isolation in FIG. 5, and by the holding area 20, which is shown in isolation in FIG.
- Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the cutting blade shown in Fig. 1.
- the radially outwardly pointing cutting edge 19 defines a cutting plane E, which extends at right angles to a rotation axis R of the circular blade 10.
- the axis of rotation R extends centrally through the recess 21 of the holding portion 20.
- a radius D of the rotating body 10, which results from the length of a connecting line between the axis of rotation R and a point on the radially outwardly facing cutting edge 19, for example, is about 25 cm ,
- FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a further embodiment of the cutting area 18. This has six symmetrically arranged and radially inwardly extending connecting elements 34.
- the connecting elements 34 each have the shape of a ring segment and extend in the finished state of the rotary body 10 from an end face 51 of the cutting area into the metal foam 16 and are surrounded by it. This increases the stability of the connection between the cutting region 18 and the intermediate region 22.
- FIG. 8 shows a plan view of an embodiment of the holding region 20, which has six symmetrically arranged and radially outwardly extending tab-like connecting elements 34 on its end face 50.
- the connecting elements 34 each have the shape of a ring segment. In the finished state of the rotary body 10, the connecting elements 34 extend into the metal foam 16 and are surrounded by it. In this way, a particularly stable connection between the holding region 20 and the intermediate region 22 is achieved.
- FIG. 9 shows a plan view of a further embodiment of the holding region 20, which has on its end face 50 six symmetrically arranged rod-shaped connections. has elements 34.
- the connecting elements 34 extend comparatively far into the metal foam 16 in the finished state of the rotary body 10 and are surrounded by it.
- the connecting elements 34 shown in FIGS. 6 and 9 are connected to the respective functional region 12, for example by welding or by threading.
- the connecting elements 34 according to FIG. 8 are formed, for example, in one piece with the holding region 20 and were obtained, for example, by milling the entire holding region 20.
- Both the holding region 20 and the cutting region 18 are made of steel or stainless steel, wherein other materials can be used for the connecting elements 34. 12 greatly simplifies the assembly of a rotary body 10.
- a cutting area 18 and a holding area 20 and a composite component 30, which forms the intermediate area 22, are provided.
- the composite component 30 consists of a first outer cover element 26 and a second outer cover element 28, each of which is a noble steel sheet.
- the receiving space 32 located between the two outer cover elements 26, 28 is completely filled with metal foam 16.
- the composite component 30 is produced by filling a foaming mold 36 (see Fig. 15) delimited by the outer cover elements 26, 28 with a foamable metallic starting material 24 (see Figures 13 and 14) and then subjecting it to a thermal treatment.
- the starting material 24 is thereby transferred into the metal foam 16, and there is an intimate, materially bonded connection between the outer cover elements 26, 28 and the metal foam 16.
- the intermediate portion 22 forming the composite part 30 also be cut or punched from a large composite panel as needed.
- the inner surfaces of the outer cover elements 26, 28 adjoining the metal foam 16 are also subjected to a wet-chemical etching process for roughening and thus enlarging the surface prior to introduction of the starting material 24. As a result, the cohesive connection resulting after foaming is improved.
- the cutting area 18 and the holding area 20 are produced separately in a prefabrication process.
- the joining of the composite part 30 to the cutting region 18 and the holding region 20 takes place by welding at the joints 40. Since the metal foam 16 has already hardened, the local heat development caused by the welding at the connection points 40 is not critical.
- Fig. 13 shows a rotary body according to the invention before foaming.
- the receiving space 32 is at least partially filled with foamable metallic starting material 24.
- the edge region 27 of the first outer cover element 26 is also bent such that it touches the edge region 29 of the second outer cover element 28 and closes the receiving space 32. Due to the mutually contacting edge regions 27, 29 of the outer cover elements 26, 28, a spatial distance A is created between the connection points 40 and the receiving space 32.
- This distance A represents a safety distance in order to premature foaming of the starting material 24 by the heat development during the welding to avoid the joints 40.
- the weld seam extending at the connection points 40 is thus offset radially outwards relative to the receiving space 32.
- At least one of the outer cover elements 26, 28 has a small degassing opening (not shown) in order to compensate for the gas pressure occurring during foaming in the interior of the receiving space 32.
- FIG. 14 shows a further embodiment of a rotational body 10 according to the invention prior to foaming of the starting material 24.
- the first outer cover element 26 has both an outer plate-shaped section 42 and a radially inner curved section 46.
- the second outer cover element 28 likewise has both a plate-shaped section 42 and a curved section 46.
- the opposite plate-shaped sections run parallel to one another. Apart from the area at which the edge regions 27, 29 of the outer cover elements 26, 28 converge, the distance between the outer cover elements 26, 28 is substantially equal.
- the holder 54 comprises two half parts 56, which may also be referred to as dies or adapters, and of which one of the contours of the first outer cover element 26 and one of the contours of the second outer cover element 28 is adapted.
- the bracket 54 prevents in this way bulging or
- FIG. 15 schematically shows various foaming molds 36, each of which comprises a receiving space 32.
- the foam molds 36 are each made of molded parts limited len 38, which belong to the rotating body 10 to be produced.
- the shaped components 38 can be designed differently and optionally comprise a plurality of regions of the rotary body 10 to be produced.
- FIGS. 15A to 15E and 15G each show a foaming mold 36 having a receiving space 32 which is delimited exclusively by mold components 38 belonging to the later rotary body 10.
- Fig. 15F shows a foaming mold 36 in which one side of the receiving space 32 is open or during the
- Foaming process is limited by a holder (not shown here).
- FIG. 15A shows a foaming mold 36 which is delimited by two mold components 38.
- a mold component 38 forms the first outer cover element 26 and the holding region 20, while the other mold component 38 forms the second outer cover element 28 and the cutting region 18.
- FIG. 15B shows a foaming mold 36 that is formed from three mold components 38.
- One of the mold components 38 forms both the first outer cover element 26 and the holding region 20.
- the other mold components 38 are, on the one hand, the cutting region 18 and, on the other hand, the second outer cover element 28.
- FIG. 15C shows a foaming mold formed from three mold members 38.
- a shaped component 38 forms the second outer cover element 28 and the holding region 20.
- the other shaped components 38 are, on the one hand, the cutting region 18 and, on the other hand, the first outer cover element 26.
- FIG. 15D shows a foaming mold formed from four mold members 38.
- the shaped components 38 are the outer cover elements 26, 28, the cutting area 18 and the holding area 20.
- FIG. 15E shows a foaming mold 36 that is formed from three mold components 38, wherein a mold component 38 forms the second outer cover element 28 and the cutting region 18.
- the other shaped components 38 are, on the one hand, the holding region 20 and, on the other hand, the first outer cover element 26.
- Fig. 15F shows a foaming mold 36 formed of two mold members 38 and open on the side where the second outer cover member 28 is disposed in the other foaming molds 36 described above.
- One of the mold components 38 forms the first outer cover element 26 and the cutting region 18.
- the other mold component 38 forms the holding region 20.
- the open side can be closed by a holder (not shown) belonging to the later rotary body. This side of the metal foam formed after removal of the holder after the foaming can remain so or subsequently, for example. be closed by a cover member or sealed by suitable means.
- FIG. 15G shows the foaming mold 36 according to FIG. 15E, with the difference that a strength support 58 in the form of a three-dimensional grid is arranged in the receiving space 32.
- the receiving space 32 is first filled with the desired amount of the starting material 24. Subsequently, the receiving space 32 is closed by welding the mold components 38, wherein, for example, one of the outer cover elements 26, 28 is provided with a small pressure equalization or degassing opening (not shown).
- the foaming of the starting material 24 takes place by thermal treatment. In this case, the obtained precursors of the rotary body are clamped in a holder 54 (see Fig. 14) to prevent deformation of the mold members 38 during foaming.
- the production of the rotary body 10 by means of the foam mold 36 according to FIG. 15F is essentially analogous.
- the closing of the foam mold 36 takes place by clamping into a holder.
- the holder can serve as a placeholder for the still missing second outer cover element 28.
- the rotary body 10 thus obtained then has a surface formed by the metal foam 16. If necessary, this surface can be closed or sealed afterwards.
- a pressure equalization opening in a mold component 38 that belongs to the later rotation body can be dispensed with.
- FIGS. 16A to 16C show a further embodiment of a rotary body 10 according to the invention, which is designed as a cutting blade.
- the rotary body 10 has eight receiving spaces 32 separated from one another by connecting elements 34.
- the representation of a foam material has been omitted.
- the connecting elements 34 thus also exercise the function of a limiting element.
- connection elements 34 project from the end face 50 of FIG Holding region 20 extend to the end face 51 of the cutting portion 18 and connect both functional areas 12 together.
- the connecting elements 34 are integrally formed with the cutting area 18 and welded to the end face 50 of the holding portion 20 or vice versa.
- the second outer cover element 28 is connected to the functional areas 12 connected via the connecting elements 34 welded.
- the connecting elements 34 together with an inner side of the second outer cover element 28 and the end faces 50, 51 form receiving spaces 32 in the form of circular segment-like pockets 33.
- metallic starting material 24 (not shown) is adapted as the shape of the pockets 33 Dosed pads.
- the first outer cover element 26 is welded at the connection points 40 with the functional areas 12 and the receiving space 32 or the pockets 33 are closed. The metering takes place in such a way that after the subsequent thermal treatment, the eight receiving spaces 32 are completely filled with metal foam 16.
- the outer cover elements 26, 28 can be provided with at least one pressure equalization opening (not shown).
- a wide variety of types of rotary bodies can be produced by the method according to the invention.
- the field of application of the rotary body 10 according to the invention can be determined by the configuration of the radially outer functional region 12.
- different rotational bodies 10 can be obtained on the basis of a modular principle by the choice of different functional regions 12.
- the radially outer functional region 12 may in particular be a grinding region or separating region.
- the holding portion 20 can be adapted in this way the respective device to which the rotary body 10 is to be attached.
- the rotational body 10 does not have to have rotational symmetry, as it is at least substantially given, for example, in a circular knife for a slicer.
- a rotary body according to the invention may, for example, also be a sickle or spiral knife for a slicer.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Harvester Elements (AREA)
- Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102016102336.1A DE102016102336A1 (de) | 2016-02-10 | 2016-02-10 | Rotationskörper |
| PCT/EP2017/051720 WO2017137264A2 (de) | 2016-02-10 | 2017-01-27 | Rotationskörper |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3411202A2 true EP3411202A2 (de) | 2018-12-12 |
Family
ID=57984894
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP17703675.3A Withdrawn EP3411202A2 (de) | 2016-02-10 | 2017-01-27 | Rotationskörper |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3411202A2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102016102336A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2017137264A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021112272A1 (de) | 2021-05-11 | 2022-11-17 | Multivac Sepp Haggenmüller Se & Co. Kg | Messer sowie damit ausgestattete Aufschneide-Maschine |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19912618A1 (de) * | 1999-03-22 | 2000-09-28 | Meleghy Hydroforming Gmbh & Co | Bauteil mit partieller Verstärkung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| DE10253382A1 (de) * | 2002-11-15 | 2004-06-09 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung metallischer Schaumkörper sowie Schüttgut hierfür |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3395417A (en) * | 1966-04-05 | 1968-08-06 | Formax Mfg Corp | Backup pad assembly |
| BE903178A (fr) * | 1985-09-04 | 1985-12-31 | Diamant Boart Sa | Disque de sciage a segments diamantes |
| DE19804408A1 (de) * | 1998-02-05 | 1999-08-12 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Schleifteller für eine Elektrohandwerkzeugmaschine |
| DE19905124C1 (de) * | 1998-12-23 | 2000-08-03 | Mannesmann Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Profilteils |
| DE10333062A1 (de) * | 2003-07-18 | 2005-02-03 | Cfs Kempten Gmbh | Messer mit Hohlraum |
| DE102004039310B8 (de) * | 2004-08-13 | 2006-05-11 | Novatecs Gmbh | Schleifscheibe |
| DE102005034258A1 (de) * | 2005-07-18 | 2007-01-25 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Rotationskörper und Zentriervorrichtung |
| DE102006009122A1 (de) * | 2006-02-24 | 2007-09-06 | Brandenburgische Technische Universität Cottbus | Verfahren zur Herstellung dreidimensionaler, einen Metallschaum enthaltender Schichtkörper |
| DE102013105616A1 (de) * | 2013-05-31 | 2014-12-04 | Dr. Müller Diamantmetall AG | Werkzeug zum Bearbeiten von Materialien |
-
2016
- 2016-02-10 DE DE102016102336.1A patent/DE102016102336A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2017
- 2017-01-27 WO PCT/EP2017/051720 patent/WO2017137264A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2017-01-27 EP EP17703675.3A patent/EP3411202A2/de not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19912618A1 (de) * | 1999-03-22 | 2000-09-28 | Meleghy Hydroforming Gmbh & Co | Bauteil mit partieller Verstärkung und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| DE10253382A1 (de) * | 2002-11-15 | 2004-06-09 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung metallischer Schaumkörper sowie Schüttgut hierfür |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2017137264A3 (de) | 2017-10-05 |
| WO2017137264A2 (de) | 2017-08-17 |
| DE102016102336A1 (de) | 2017-08-10 |
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