EP3409836A1 - Method of manufacturing a railroad support, associated railroad support and railway installation - Google Patents

Method of manufacturing a railroad support, associated railroad support and railway installation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3409836A1
EP3409836A1 EP18175453.2A EP18175453A EP3409836A1 EP 3409836 A1 EP3409836 A1 EP 3409836A1 EP 18175453 A EP18175453 A EP 18175453A EP 3409836 A1 EP3409836 A1 EP 3409836A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fresh concrete
railway
prefabricated elements
support
insert
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18175453.2A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3409836B1 (en
Inventor
Andrea NINNI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Alstom Transport Technologies SAS
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3409836A1 publication Critical patent/EP3409836A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3409836B1 publication Critical patent/EP3409836B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/28—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone
    • E01B3/38—Longitudinal sleepers; Longitudinal sleepers integral or combined with tie-rods; Combined longitudinal and transverse sleepers; Layers of concrete supporting both rails
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/084—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting the vibrating moulds or cores being moved horizontally for making strands of moulded articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0062—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects forcing the elements into the cast material, e.g. hooks into cast concrete
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B29/00—Laying, rebuilding, or taking-up tracks; Tools or machines therefor
    • E01B29/32—Installing or removing track components, not covered by the preceding groups, e.g. sole-plates, rail anchors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B3/00—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails
    • E01B3/28—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone
    • E01B3/42—Transverse or longitudinal sleepers; Other means resting directly on the ballastway for supporting rails made from concrete or from natural or artificial stone combined with inserts of wood or other material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B31/00—Working rails, sleepers, baseplates, or the like, in or on the line; Machines, tools, or auxiliary devices specially designed therefor
    • E01B31/20—Working or treating non-metal sleepers in or on the line, e.g. marking, creosoting
    • E01B31/24—Forming, treating, reconditioning, or cleaning holes in sleepers; Drilling-templates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B31/00—Working rails, sleepers, baseplates, or the like, in or on the line; Machines, tools, or auxiliary devices specially designed therefor
    • E01B31/20—Working or treating non-metal sleepers in or on the line, e.g. marking, creosoting
    • E01B31/26—Inserting or removing inserts or fillings for holes in sleepers, e.g. plugs, sleeves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B1/00—Ballastway; Other means for supporting the sleepers or the track; Drainage of the ballastway
    • E01B1/002—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers
    • E01B1/004—Ballastless track, e.g. concrete slab trackway, or with asphalt layers with prefabricated elements embedded in fresh concrete or asphalt
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2201/00—Fastening or restraining methods
    • E01B2201/04—Fastening or restraining methods by bolting, nailing or the like

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a railway support comprising a plurality of prefabricated elements of predetermined dimensions assembled to each other.
  • the present invention also relates to a rail support made by the implementation of such a method and an associated railway installation.
  • EP 2 351 884 A1 and GB 976311 A1 disclose methods of manufacturing a rail support consisting of arranging, side by side, on a prepared floor, a succession of prefabricated concrete modules.
  • Such methods are complex, expensive and time consuming to implement. In particular, they do not allow rapid track manufacture, replicate in the factory the layout of the railway as expected at the construction site and a sequence of optimized time and logistics stages of manufacture.
  • the invention aims to overcome the aforementioned problems.
  • the pouring steps of the concrete, shaping, and drying and advantageously of creation of the molds in order to conform the concrete are suitable to be carried out quickly and close to the installation area, without this necessarily being permanently ready to receive the rail support.
  • the prefabricated elements are suitable for being manufactured irrespective of the state of the installation area and installed quickly in the installation area as soon as it is ready to obtain the railway support, since they are pre-equipped and since the transport distances of the prefabricated elements are reduced.
  • the immobilization time of the mobile insertion machine to manufacture the rail support is optimized and the mobile insertion machine can be moved to manufacture the prefabricated elements in several areas or production sites placed along the installation area.
  • the use of the mobile insertion machine makes it possible to guarantee a good positioning of the inserts and therefore rails of the railway track, for example including the inserts necessary for another rail which can be intended for the power supply or anti-derailment rail systems or counter rails, so that the alignment constraints of the rails are respected, according to a previously established route.
  • the invention also relates to a rail support made by the implementation of a manufacturing method as described above.
  • the invention further relates to a railway installation comprising a rail support as described above and a railroad fixed to the rail support at the inserts.
  • the reception area 10 receiving the railway installation 12 includes an installation area 14 at which the railway installation 12 is intended to be put in place and at least one zone 16 for producing elements belonging to the railway facility 12.
  • the reception area 10 also includes a road 17 connecting the installation zone 14 and the production zone 16.
  • the railway installation 12 comprises a rail support 20 and a railway 22 comprising two rails 22A, 22B.
  • the railway installation 12 also comprises means, not shown, signaling and power supply of a railway vehicle traveling on the railway line 22.
  • the installation zone 14 is, for example, a zone reserved for the passage of a railway vehicle which is, for example, a tramway, a metro or a train.
  • the installation zone 14 comprises a surface 23 for receiving the railway support 20 and the railway track 22.
  • the installation zone 14 comprises a mobile unit 24 for assembling the railway support 20.
  • the receiving surface 23 is prepared, that is to say configured to be generally flat and be able to support the weight of the support railroad track 20 and a vehicle traveling on the railway track 22, without deformation and following a defined route.
  • the rail support 20 comprises a plurality of prefabricated elements 28 of predetermined dimensions assembled to one another and systems 30 for attaching the railroad track 22 to the railway support 20.
  • the mobile assembly unit 24 comprises, for example, lifting means of the prefabricated elements 28 and is adapted to position the prefabricated elements 28 on the receiving surface 23 and to assemble the prefabricated elements to each other at the level of the receiving surface 23 to form the track support 20.
  • Each prefabricated element 28 comprises a concrete block 32 having the predetermined dimensions and a plurality of inserts 34 secured to the concrete block 32 and each adapted to receive one of the rails 22A, 22B and the fastening system 30.
  • Each prefabricated element forms a block having, for example, a length of between 2 meters and 10 meters, a width of between 2 meters and 5 meters and a height of between 10 cm and 80 cm.
  • Each fastening system 30 comprises, for example, as shown in FIG. figure 2 , nuts 36 and parts 38 intercalated in a conventional manner between each nut 36 and a base of the corresponding rail.
  • the concrete block 32 comprises reinforcements, not shown, through which concrete has been cast and then dried, so that the reinforcements are sealed in the concrete.
  • Each insert 34 also called saddle, is metallic or not and is sealed in the concrete of the corresponding concrete block 32 to transmit the forces exerted by the passage of a railway vehicle on the railway track 20.
  • Each insert 34 is, for example, as described in the document EP 0 803 609 A2 page 4, left column, lines 1 to 37.
  • Each insert 34 comprises, for example, as shown in FIG. figure 2 , a plate of stamped steel sheet or composite material 40 and two or four studs 42, 44.
  • the studs 42, 44 each have a threaded rod respectively referenced 42A and 44A, for fixing a rail on the insert 34 via the fastening system 30 and in particular the nuts 36 and an anchor rod, respectively referenced 42B and 44B having a generally cylindrical shape, extending the threaded rod, and having asperities, circular, for example, ensuring retention in the concrete once it has hardened.
  • the studs include bolts for fixing a rail on the insert 34 and an anchoring sheath, sealing in the concrete.
  • the figure 2 represents in cross-section the railway support 20 and thus a prefabricated element 28 once it is installed in the installation zone and that rails 22A, 22B are fixed to the prefabricated element 28 via the fastening systems 30.
  • the rails are of the groove type.
  • the figure 2 shows the two rails, 22A, 22B respectively fixed on two inserts 34, by the nuts 36 and the parts 38 interposed between each nut 36 and the corresponding rail 22A, 22B.
  • an altimetric wedge and / or an insole under rail are interposed between the rails 22A and 22B and the plate 40.
  • the two inserts 34 are sealed in the concrete block 32 whose surface is substantially flat or has a transverse slope, each of the two inserts 34 being driven through an upper face 48 of the concrete block 32 to a depth such that the plane of the inserts is approximately included in the plane of the upper face 48.
  • the altitude of each of the rails 22A, 22B is determined on the one hand by the altitude of the upper face 48 of the concrete block 32 which is manufactured with a given precision , on the order of a few millimeters, and secondly is a function of the depression of the insert 34 in the concrete of the concrete block 32.
  • the production zone 16 is distinct from the installation zone 14 and is advantageously located near the installation zone 14.
  • the production zone 16 is, for example, located at a distance of less than 5 km, preferably less than 500 meters, more preferably less than 100 meters and greater than 10 meters from the installation zone 14.
  • the production zone 16 comprises a unit 32 for producing fresh concrete blocks 32 and a mobile insertion machine 52 configured to arrange the inserts 34 in the fresh concrete blocks.
  • the production unit 50 comprises, for example, a mobile concrete mixer 54 capable of producing fresh concrete and a mobile machine 56 for shaping the fresh concrete produced by the mixer 54.
  • the fresh concrete is delivered by mixer trucks, concrete mixer, from a concrete plant outside the production area 16.
  • the mobile shaping machine 56 and the mixer 54 form a mobile convoy.
  • the mobile conformation machine 56 is, for example, a slippery form machine fit to conform, extrude the fresh concrete from the mixer 54 according to a predetermined profile corresponding to the predetermined dimensions.
  • the production unit 50 comprises, instead of the mobile conformation unit 56, formwork having the predetermined dimensions and configured to conform the fresh concrete from the concrete mixer according to a predetermined profile corresponding to the predetermined dimensions.
  • the movable insertion machine 52 is configured to dispose each insert 34 in the corresponding fresh concrete block once the fresh concrete has been shaped by the production unit 50, preferably at a previously defined position.
  • the mobile insertion machine is, for example, as described in EP 0 803 609 A2 columns 6 to 10.
  • the mobile insertion machine 52, the mobile conformation machine 56 and, preferably the concrete mixer, form a mobile convoy suitable for manufacturing the prefabricated elements 28.
  • the mobile insertion machine 52 comprises a mobile platform 58 supporting two identical insertion devices 60 capable of inserting an insert 34 into each fresh concrete block 32 and a carriage 63 which is integral with the platform 58, receiving the devices of FIG. insertion 60 and is movable relative to the mobile platform 58 along two horizontal axes, orthogonal to each other.
  • the platform 58 is mounted for example on four tracks 66 by means of four preferably articulated horizontal arms 68, to adjust the spacing between the tracks.
  • the position of the platform 58 is slaved along three orthogonal axes, by means of a control unit 59.
  • the platform 58 spans the concrete blocks 32 and moves over the concrete blocks 32 through motors actuating the tracks 66.
  • the insertion devices 60 are spaced apart by an interval corresponding to the interval provided for the rails 22A, 22B.
  • the moving carriage 63 moves them together and allows to refine the insertion position, with an accuracy of the order of one millimeter along two horizontal axes, even better than that provided by the platform 58.
  • Each insertion device 60 comprises a member 70 for gripping an insert 34, a member 72 for moving the gripping member capable of displacing the gripping member so that the insert 34 comes into contact with a block of fresh concrete 32 above which flows the insertion machine 52 and a vibration device 74 able to vibrate the gripping member 70.
  • the gripping member 70 comprises, for example, pliers or suction cups.
  • the displacement member 72 comprises, for example, one or more jacks 78 adapted to set in motion a movable rod 80 connected to the gripping member 70.
  • the vibrating device 74 comprises one or more vibrators, each vibrator consisting for example of a hydraulic motor having an unbalance.
  • the vibrating device 74 vibrates by driving in its movement the gripping means 70 which transmit the vibrations to the insert 34 and in particular to the studs 42, 44 of the insert. Under the action of these vibrations, the concrete is much more fluid in the vicinity of the anchor rods 42B, 44B, which makes it possible to drive them with less force and to obtain a much more precise positioning, while ensuring the good coating different components of the insert in the concrete.
  • the mobile insertion machine 52 comprises a mobile robotic arm connected to a structural element of the mobile insertion machine 52.
  • the robotic arm comprises means for gripping the inserts 34 and has at least 3 degrees of freedom preferably at least 4 degrees of freedom with respect to the structural element.
  • a first step 110 the production unit 50 and the mobile insertion machine 52 are provided on the production area 16.
  • a suitable concrete is prepared, using the mixer 54 and loaded into the slipform machine 56.
  • the slipform machine 56 pours the concrete and conforms to obtain the fresh concrete blocks 32 with the predetermined dimensions.
  • the slipforming machine 56 includes first right and left formwork to form the upper faces and the lateral faces of the concrete blocks 32.
  • the height of the sliding formwork is adjusted before using the machine for profiling the concrete blocks charge 32 according to the predetermined dimensions.
  • the slip form machine 56 circulates, for example, above predisposed reinforcements.
  • the automatic insertion machine 52 circulates above the fresh concrete blocks 28 so as to insert, at predefined positions, the inserts 34 for fixing the rails.
  • the inserts 34 are inserted into the fresh concrete with a vibratory movement for driving into the concrete, the anchor rods 42B, 44B.
  • each insert 34 is disposed in the corresponding fresh concrete block by vibrating the concrete around the insert 34 during its movement, until it reaches the predefined position.
  • such an inserts automatic insertion machine 52 comprises means allowing, while the insert 34 to be inserted is animated by a vibratory movement, that the still fresh concrete retains the shape which has been conferred on it. step 114.
  • the concrete blocks 32 are left to dry.
  • the inserts are sealed in position and the prefabricated elements 28 are obtained.
  • the insertion position is obtained with great precision thanks to the insertion machine 52.
  • the prefabricated elements 28 are maintained at a predetermined temperature and humidity, for example using a drying machine in order to complete the curing of the concrete.
  • the prefabricated elements 28 are stored in the production area.
  • the installation zone 14 is prepared so that the receiving surface 23 of the railway support 20 is generally flat and able to support the weight of the rail support 20 and the rail. a vehicle traveling on the railway track 20 without undergoing any deformation.
  • the prefabricated elements 28 are transported to the installation zone 14 and during an assembly step 126 the prefabricated elements 28 are assembled to one another or positioned side by side. to form the rail support 20.
  • the rails 22A, 22B are installed at the inserts 34 and fixed to the inserts 34 by means of the associated fastening systems 30.
  • portions of the rails 22A, 22B previously welded, and the fastening means 30 are stored at the installation zone 14 along the receiving surface 23, both sides of the receiving surface 23.
  • the height of the rails 22A, 22B is checked and the fastening systems 30 of the rails are adjusted to adjust the height of the rails, then the prefabricated elements 28 are for example fixed between them if necessary and to the receiving surface 23 using, for example, concrete or mortar wedging or leveling.
  • the rail support 20 obtained by the method described above is suitable for any type of transport vehicle such as a train, a tram or a subway.
  • the predetermined dimensions are calculated as a function of the use of the railway support, that is to say for example according to a required alignment of the rails of the track, the speed and the weight of the vehicles intended to circulate on the railway but also soil characteristics of the installation area 14.
  • the sliding form mobile machine 52 is, for example, configured to memorize the predetermined dimensions which are functions of the desired characteristics of the track 20.
  • production zones 16 are provided all along the installation zone 14.
  • the manufacturing method described in this application makes it possible to optimize the use of the insertion machine 52 and to avoid immobilization of said machine 52 and of the personnel using it, linked, for example, to a delay in the preparation of the machine. receiving surface 23.
  • the installation speed of the railway support 20 is improved since many tasks are performed upstream and that it is only necessary to assemble the prefabricated elements 28 to manufacture the track support 20.
  • slip-form machines 56 and insertion 52 makes it possible to manufacture the prefabricated elements 28 near the installation zone 14 using a mechanized process and this whatever the state of preparation of the machine. installation area 14.
  • slipform machines 56 and insertion 52 can be done in a covered place away from weather hazards.
  • step 116 of the fastening inserts of a rail power supply rail, or anti-derailment systems are inserted into the fresh concrete blocks.

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  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

Procédé de fabrication d'un support de voie ferrée comprenant une pluralité d'éléments préfabriqués (28), comportant les étapes successives suivantes : - fournir dans une zone de production (16) des éléments préfabriqués (28) située à proximité d'une zone d'installation (14), une machine mobile d'insertion (52) configurée pour disposer au moins un insert (34) dans un bloc de béton frais, la zone de production étant distincte de la zone d'installation; - couler et conformer un béton frais afin de former des blocs de béton frais individuels ayant des dimensions prédéterminées; - disposer au moins un insert dans chaque bloc de béton frais à l'aide de la machine mobile d'insertion (52); et - faire sécher les blocs de béton frais pour obtenir les éléments préfabriqués (28).A method of manufacturing a track support comprising a plurality of prefabricated elements (28), comprising the following successive steps: - providing in a production zone (16) prefabricated elements (28) located near an installation zone (14), a mobile insertion machine (52) configured to dispose at least one insert (34) in a fresh concrete block, the production area being separate from the installation area; - pour and conform a fresh concrete to form individual fresh concrete blocks with predetermined dimensions; - Have at least one insert in each fresh concrete block with the mobile insertion machine (52); and - dry the fresh concrete blocks to obtain the prefabricated elements (28).

Description

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un support de voie ferrée comprenant une pluralité d'éléments préfabriqués de dimensions prédéterminées assemblés les uns aux autres.The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a railway support comprising a plurality of prefabricated elements of predetermined dimensions assembled to each other.

La présente invention concerne également un support de voie ferrée réalisé par la mise en oeuvre d'un tel procédé et une installation ferroviaire associée.The present invention also relates to a rail support made by the implementation of such a method and an associated railway installation.

Les documents EP 2 351 884 A1 et GB 976311 A1 divulguent des procédés de fabrication d'un support de voie ferrée consistant à disposer côte à côte, sur un sol préparé, une succession de modules préfabriqués en béton.The documents EP 2 351 884 A1 and GB 976311 A1 disclose methods of manufacturing a rail support consisting of arranging, side by side, on a prepared floor, a succession of prefabricated concrete modules.

De tels procédés sont complexes, coûteux et longs à mettre en oeuvre. Ils ne permettent notamment pas une fabrication rapide de la voie, de répliquer en usine le tracé de la voie ferrée telle qu'attendu sur le site de construction et un enchainement optimisé en termes de temps et de logistique des étapes de fabrication.Such methods are complex, expensive and time consuming to implement. In particular, they do not allow rapid track manufacture, replicate in the factory the layout of the railway as expected at the construction site and a sequence of optimized time and logistics stages of manufacture.

L'invention a pour but de pallier aux problèmes précités.The invention aims to overcome the aforementioned problems.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un procédé de fabrication du type précité comprenant les étapes successives suivantes :

  • fournir une machine mobile d'insertion configurée pour disposer au moins un insert dans un bloc de béton frais, la machine mobile d'insertion étant fournie dans une zone de production des éléments préfabriqués située à proximité d'une zone d'installation destinée à recevoir la voie ferrée, la zone de production étant distincte de la zone d'installation ;
  • couler et conformer un béton frais afin de former des blocs de béton frais individuels ayant les dimensions prédéterminées ;
  • disposer au moins un insert dans chaque bloc de béton frais à l'aide de la machine mobile d'insertion ; et
  • faire sécher les blocs de béton frais pour obtenir les éléments préfabriqués.
For this purpose, the subject of the invention is a manufacturing method of the aforementioned type comprising the following successive steps:
  • providing a mobile insertion machine configured to dispose at least one insert in a fresh concrete block, the mobile insertion machine being provided in a production area of the prefabricated elements located near an installation area intended to receive the railway, the production area being distinct from the installation area;
  • pouring and shaping fresh concrete to form individual fresh concrete blocks having the predetermined dimensions;
  • disposing at least one insert in each fresh concrete block using the mobile insertion machine; and
  • dry the fresh concrete blocks to obtain the prefabricated elements.

Grâce à l'utilisation de la machine mobile d'insertion qui peut être déplacée et qui est fournie à proximité de la zone d'installation au niveau de la zone de production des éléments préfabriqués, les étapes de coulage du béton, conformation, et séchage et avantageusement de création des moules afin de conformer le béton, sont propres à être réalisées rapidement et à proximité de la zone d'installation, sans que celle-ci soit nécessairement définitivement prête à recevoir le support de voie ferrée.Through the use of the movable insertion machine which can be moved and which is provided near the installation area at the production area of the prefabricated elements, the pouring steps of the concrete, shaping, and drying and advantageously of creation of the molds in order to conform the concrete, are suitable to be carried out quickly and close to the installation area, without this necessarily being permanently ready to receive the rail support.

En outre, cela permet d'équiper rapidement les éléments préfabriqués avec les inserts, et ceci préalablement à leur installation au niveau de la zone d'installation. Ainsi, les éléments préfabriqués sont propres à être fabriqués quel que soit l'état de la zone d'installation et installés rapidement au niveau de la zone d'installation dès que celle-ci est prête afin d'obtenir le support de voie ferrée, puisqu'ils sont pré-équipés et puisque les distances de transport des éléments préfabriqués sont réduites.In addition, it allows to quickly equip the prefabricated elements with the inserts, and this prior to their installation at the installation area. So, the prefabricated elements are suitable for being manufactured irrespective of the state of the installation area and installed quickly in the installation area as soon as it is ready to obtain the railway support, since they are pre-equipped and since the transport distances of the prefabricated elements are reduced.

De plus, la durée d'immobilisation de la machine mobile d'insertion afin de fabriquer le support de voie ferrée est optimisée et la machine mobile d'insertion peut être déplacée de sorte à fabriquer les éléments préfabriqués dans plusieurs zones ou sites de production placés le long de la zone d'installation.In addition, the immobilization time of the mobile insertion machine to manufacture the rail support is optimized and the mobile insertion machine can be moved to manufacture the prefabricated elements in several areas or production sites placed along the installation area.

Enfin, l'utilisation de la machine mobile d'insertion permet de garantir un bon positionnement des inserts et donc de rails de la voie ferrée, en incluant par exemple les inserts nécessaires pour un autre rail qui peut être destiné à l'alimentation électrique ou à des systèmes de rails d'anti-déraillement ou contre-rails, de sorte que les contraintes d'alignement des rails sont respectées, suivant un tracé préalablement établi.Finally, the use of the mobile insertion machine makes it possible to guarantee a good positioning of the inserts and therefore rails of the railway track, for example including the inserts necessary for another rail which can be intended for the power supply or anti-derailment rail systems or counter rails, so that the alignment constraints of the rails are respected, according to a previously established route.

Suivant d'autres aspects avantageux de l'invention, le procédé de fabrication comporte l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques suivantes, prises isolément ou suivant toutes les combinaisons techniquement possibles :

  • après l'étape de séchage des blocs de béton frais, le procédé comprend l'étape suivante :
    + stocker les éléments préfabriqués dans la zone de production ;
  • après l'étape de séchage, le procédé comprend l'étape suivante :
    + assembler les éléments préfabriqués au niveau de la zone d'installation afin de former le support de voie ferrée ;
  • précédemment à l'étape d'assemblage le procédé comprend l'étape suivante :
    + préparer la zone d'installation afin qu'elle présente une surface de réception du support de voie ferrée globalement plane et étant propre à supporter le poids du support de voie ferrée et d'un véhicule circulant sur la voie ferrée sans subir de déformation, et
    lors de l'étape d'assemblage les éléments préfabriqués sont positionnés sur la surface de réception ;
  • lors de l'étape de coulage et de conformation une machine mobile à coffrages glissants est utilisée pour conformer le béton frais selon un profil prédéterminé correspondant aux dimensions prédéterminées ;
  • lors de l'étape de coulage et de conformation des coffrages sont utilisés pour conformer le béton frais selon un profil prédéterminé correspondant aux dimensions prédéterminées ;
  • lors de l'étape de disposition chaque insert est disposé dans le bloc de béton frais correspondant en faisant vibrer le béton autour de cet insert pendant son déplacement, jusqu'à qu'il atteigne une position prédéfinie ;
  • à la suite de l'étape de séchage le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes:
    • + installer des rails au niveau des inserts ; et
    • + fixer les rails aux inserts à l'aide de systèmes de fixation des rails aux inserts.
According to other advantageous aspects of the invention, the manufacturing method comprises one or more of the following characteristics, taken separately or in any technically possible combination:
  • after the step of drying the fresh concrete blocks, the method comprises the following step:
    + store the prefabricated elements in the production area;
  • after the drying step, the method comprises the following step:
    + assemble the prefabricated elements at the level of the installation area to form the railway support;
  • previously in the assembly step the method comprises the following step:
    + prepare the installation area so that it has a surface of reception of the rail support generally flat and being able to support the weight of the rail support and a vehicle traveling on the railway without undergoing any deformation, and
    during the assembly step the prefabricated elements are positioned on the receiving surface;
  • during the pouring and shaping step, a sliding form mobile machine is used to form the fresh concrete according to a predetermined profile corresponding to the predetermined dimensions;
  • during the pouring and forming step of the formwork are used to form the fresh concrete according to a predetermined profile corresponding to the predetermined dimensions;
  • during the step of placing each insert is placed in the corresponding fresh concrete block by vibrating the concrete around this insert during its movement, until it reaches a predefined position;
  • following the drying step, the method comprises the following steps:
    • + install rails at the inserts; and
    • + fix the rails to the inserts using rail fastening systems to the inserts.

L'invention a également pour objet un support de voie ferrée réalisé par la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé de fabrication tel que décrit ci-dessus.The invention also relates to a rail support made by the implementation of a manufacturing method as described above.

L'invention a en outre pour objet une installation ferroviaire comprenant un support de voie ferrée tel que décrit ci-dessus et une voie ferrée fixée au support de voie ferrée au niveau des inserts.The invention further relates to a railway installation comprising a rail support as described above and a railroad fixed to the rail support at the inserts.

L'invention et ses avantages seront mieux compris à la lecture de la description détaillée qui va suivre d'un mode de réalisation particulier de l'invention, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple non limitatif, cette description étant faite en se référant aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une représentation schématique d'un espace d'accueil d'une installation ferroviaire, l'espace d'accueil comprenant une zone d'installation destinée à recevoir un support de voie ferrée obtenu à l'aide d'un procédé conforme à un mode de réalisation de l'invention et une zone de production d'éléments préfabriqués formants le support de voie ferrée;
  • la figue 2 est une vue en coupe de l'un des éléments préfabriqués de la figure 1 suivant un plan perpendiculaire à un axe longitudinal de l'élément préfabriqué ;
  • la figure 3 est une représentation schématique d'un convoi de fabrication des éléments préfabriqués comprenant une machine mobile de conformation de bloc de béton frais et une machine mobile d'insertion d'inserts dans chaque bloc de béton frais;
  • la figure 4 est une vue de côté de la machine mobile d'insertion de la figure 3 ; et
  • la figure 5 est un organigramme d'un exemple de procédé de fabrication du support de voie ferrée de la figure 1.
The invention and its advantages will be better understood on reading the detailed description which follows of a particular embodiment of the invention, given solely by way of nonlimiting example, this description being made with reference to the drawings annexed, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic representation of a reception area of a railway installation, the reception area comprising an installation area intended to receive a rail support obtained by means of a method according to a method embodiment of the invention and a production zone of prefabricated elements forming the railway support;
  • Fig 2 is a sectional view of one of the prefabricated elements of the figure 1 in a plane perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the prefabricated element;
  • the figure 3 is a diagrammatic representation of a prefabricated component manufacturing convoy comprising a mobile fresh concrete block conformation machine and a movable inserts insertion machine in each fresh concrete block;
  • the figure 4 is a side view of the mobile machine inserting the figure 3 ; and
  • the figure 5 is a flowchart of an example of a method of manufacturing the railway support of the figure 1 .

Comme représenté sur la figure 1, l'espace d'accueil 10 recevant l'installation ferroviaire 12 comprend une zone d'installation 14 au niveau de laquelle l'installation ferroviaire 12 est destinée à être mise en place et au moins une zone 16 de production d'éléments appartenant à l'installation ferroviaire 12.As shown on the figure 1 , the reception area 10 receiving the railway installation 12 includes an installation area 14 at which the railway installation 12 is intended to be put in place and at least one zone 16 for producing elements belonging to the railway facility 12.

L'espace d'accueil 10 comprend également une route 17 reliant la zone d'installation 14 et la zone de production 16.The reception area 10 also includes a road 17 connecting the installation zone 14 and the production zone 16.

L'installation ferroviaire 12 comprend un support de voie ferrée 20 et une voie ferrée 22 comprenant deux rails 22A, 22B.The railway installation 12 comprises a rail support 20 and a railway 22 comprising two rails 22A, 22B.

Avantageusement, l'installation ferroviaire 12 comprend également des moyens, non représentés, de signalisation et d'alimentation électrique d'un véhicule ferroviaire circulant sur la voie ferrée 22.Advantageously, the railway installation 12 also comprises means, not shown, signaling and power supply of a railway vehicle traveling on the railway line 22.

La zone d'installation 14 est, par exemple, une zone réservée au passage d'un véhicule ferroviaire qui est, par exemple, un tramway, un métro ou un train.The installation zone 14 is, for example, a zone reserved for the passage of a railway vehicle which is, for example, a tramway, a metro or a train.

La zone d'installation 14 comprend une surface 23 de réception du support de voie ferrée 20 et de la voie ferrée 22.The installation zone 14 comprises a surface 23 for receiving the railway support 20 and the railway track 22.

Avantageusement, la zone d'installation 14 comprend une unité mobile 24 d'assemblage du support de voie ferrée 20.Advantageously, the installation zone 14 comprises a mobile unit 24 for assembling the railway support 20.

Avantageusement, avant la mise en place du support de voie ferrée 20 dans la zone d'installation 14, la surface de réception 23 est préparée, c'est-à-dire configurée pour être globalement plane et être propre à supporter le poids du support de voie ferrée 20 et d'un véhicule circulant sur la voie ferrée 22, sans subir de déformation et suivant un tracé défini.Advantageously, before the establishment of the rail support 20 in the installation zone 14, the receiving surface 23 is prepared, that is to say configured to be generally flat and be able to support the weight of the support railroad track 20 and a vehicle traveling on the railway track 22, without deformation and following a defined route.

Le support de voie ferrée 20 comprend une pluralité d'éléments préfabriqués 28 de dimensions prédéterminées assemblés les uns aux autres et des systèmes 30 de fixation de la voie ferrée 22 au support de voie ferrée 20.The rail support 20 comprises a plurality of prefabricated elements 28 of predetermined dimensions assembled to one another and systems 30 for attaching the railroad track 22 to the railway support 20.

L'unité mobile d'assemblage 24 comprend, par exemple, des moyens de levage des éléments préfabriqués 28 et est propre à positionner les éléments préfabriqués 28 sur la surface de réception 23 et à assembler les éléments préfabriqués les uns aux autres au niveau de la surface de réception 23 pour former le support de voie 20.The mobile assembly unit 24 comprises, for example, lifting means of the prefabricated elements 28 and is adapted to position the prefabricated elements 28 on the receiving surface 23 and to assemble the prefabricated elements to each other at the level of the receiving surface 23 to form the track support 20.

Chaque élément préfabriqué 28 comprend un bloc de béton 32 ayant les dimensions prédéterminées et une pluralité d'inserts 34 solidarisés au bloc de béton 32 et propres à recevoir chacun l'un des rails 22A, 22B et le système de fixation 30.Each prefabricated element 28 comprises a concrete block 32 having the predetermined dimensions and a plurality of inserts 34 secured to the concrete block 32 and each adapted to receive one of the rails 22A, 22B and the fastening system 30.

Chaque élément préfabriqué forme un pavé ayant, par exemple, une longueur comprise entre 2 mètres et 10 mètres, une largeur comprise entre 2 mètres et 5 mètres et une hauteur comprise entre 10 cm et 80 cm.Each prefabricated element forms a block having, for example, a length of between 2 meters and 10 meters, a width of between 2 meters and 5 meters and a height of between 10 cm and 80 cm.

Chaque système de fixation 30 comprend, par exemple, comme représenté à la figure 2, des écrous 36 et des pièces 38 intercalées de manière classique entre chaque écrou 36 et une embase du rail correspondant. Avantageusement, le bloc de béton 32 comprend des ferraillages, non représenté, à travers lesquels du béton a été coulé puis séché, de sorte que les ferraillages sont scellés dans le béton.Each fastening system 30 comprises, for example, as shown in FIG. figure 2 , nuts 36 and parts 38 intercalated in a conventional manner between each nut 36 and a base of the corresponding rail. Advantageously, the concrete block 32 comprises reinforcements, not shown, through which concrete has been cast and then dried, so that the reinforcements are sealed in the concrete.

Chaque insert 34, également appelé selle, est métallique ou non et est scellé dans le béton du bloc de béton 32 correspondant pour transmettre les efforts exercés par le passage d'un véhicule ferroviaire sur la voie ferrée 20.Each insert 34, also called saddle, is metallic or not and is sealed in the concrete of the corresponding concrete block 32 to transmit the forces exerted by the passage of a railway vehicle on the railway track 20.

Chaque insert 34 est, par exemple, tel que décrit dans le document EP 0 803 609 A2 page 4, colonne de gauche, lignes 1 à 37.Each insert 34 is, for example, as described in the document EP 0 803 609 A2 page 4, left column, lines 1 to 37.

Chaque insert 34 comprend, par exemple, comme représenté sur la figure 2, une plaque de tôle d'acier emboutie ou en matériau composite 40 et deux ou quatre goujons 42, 44.Each insert 34 comprises, for example, as shown in FIG. figure 2 , a plate of stamped steel sheet or composite material 40 and two or four studs 42, 44.

Les goujons 42, 44 ont chacun une tige filetée respectivement référencée 42A et 44A, permettant de fixer un rail sur l'insert 34 via le système de fixation 30 et notamment les écrous 36 et une tige d'ancrage, référencée respectivement 42B et 44B ayant une forme généralement cylindrique, prolongeant la tige filetée, et présentant des aspérités, circulaires par exemple, assurant la retenue dans le béton une fois que celui-ci a durci.The studs 42, 44 each have a threaded rod respectively referenced 42A and 44A, for fixing a rail on the insert 34 via the fastening system 30 and in particular the nuts 36 and an anchor rod, respectively referenced 42B and 44B having a generally cylindrical shape, extending the threaded rod, and having asperities, circular, for example, ensuring retention in the concrete once it has hardened.

En variante les goujons comprennent des boulons permettant de fixer un rail sur l'insert 34 et une gaine d'ancrage, de scellement dans le béton.Alternatively the studs include bolts for fixing a rail on the insert 34 and an anchoring sheath, sealing in the concrete.

La figure 2 représente en coupe transversale le support de voie ferrée 20 et donc un élément préfabriqué 28 une fois que celui-ci est installé dans la zone d'installation et que des rails 22A, 22B sont fixés à l'élément préfabriqué 28 via les systèmes de fixation 30. Dans l'exemple de la figure 2, les rails sont de type à gorge.The figure 2 represents in cross-section the railway support 20 and thus a prefabricated element 28 once it is installed in the installation zone and that rails 22A, 22B are fixed to the prefabricated element 28 via the fastening systems 30. In the example of figure 2 , the rails are of the groove type.

La figure 2 montre les deux rails, 22A, 22B fixés respectivement sur deux inserts 34, par les écrous 36 et les pièces 38 intercalées entre chaque écrou 36 et le rail 22A, 22B correspondant. Avantageusement, une cale altimétrique et/ou une semelle sous rail sont intercalées entre les rails 22A et 22B et la plaque 40.The figure 2 shows the two rails, 22A, 22B respectively fixed on two inserts 34, by the nuts 36 and the parts 38 interposed between each nut 36 and the corresponding rail 22A, 22B. Advantageously, an altimetric wedge and / or an insole under rail are interposed between the rails 22A and 22B and the plate 40.

Les deux inserts 34 sont scellés dans le bloc de béton 32 dont la surface est sensiblement plane ou présente une pente transversal, chacun des deux inserts 34 étant enfoncé à travers une face supérieure 48 du bloc de béton 32 à une profondeur telle que le plan des inserts est approximativement compris dans le plan de la face supérieure 48. L'altitude de chacun des rails 22A, 22B est déterminée d'une part par l'altitude de la face supérieure 48 du bloc de béton 32 qui est fabriquée avec une précision donnée, de l'ordre de quelques millimètres, et d'autre part est fonction de l'enfoncement de l'insert 34 dans le béton du bloc de béton 32.The two inserts 34 are sealed in the concrete block 32 whose surface is substantially flat or has a transverse slope, each of the two inserts 34 being driven through an upper face 48 of the concrete block 32 to a depth such that the plane of the inserts is approximately included in the plane of the upper face 48. The altitude of each of the rails 22A, 22B is determined on the one hand by the altitude of the upper face 48 of the concrete block 32 which is manufactured with a given precision , on the order of a few millimeters, and secondly is a function of the depression of the insert 34 in the concrete of the concrete block 32.

La zone de production 16 est distincte de la zone d'installation 14 et est située avantageusement à proximité de la zone d'installation 14.The production zone 16 is distinct from the installation zone 14 and is advantageously located near the installation zone 14.

La zone de production 16 est, par exemple, située à une distance inférieure à 5 km, de préférence inférieure à 500 mètres, de préférence encore inférieure à 100 mètres et supérieure à 10 mètres de la zone d'installation 14.The production zone 16 is, for example, located at a distance of less than 5 km, preferably less than 500 meters, more preferably less than 100 meters and greater than 10 meters from the installation zone 14.

La zone de production 16 comprend une unité 50 de production de blocs de béton 32 frais et une machine mobile d'insertion 52 configurée pour disposer les inserts 34 dans les blocs de béton frais.The production zone 16 comprises a unit 32 for producing fresh concrete blocks 32 and a mobile insertion machine 52 configured to arrange the inserts 34 in the fresh concrete blocks.

L'unité de production 50 comprend, par exemple, une bétonnière mobile 54 propre à produire du béton frais et une machine 56 mobile de conformation du béton frais produit par la bétonnière 54.The production unit 50 comprises, for example, a mobile concrete mixer 54 capable of producing fresh concrete and a mobile machine 56 for shaping the fresh concrete produced by the mixer 54.

En variante, le béton frais est livré par des camions malaxeur, bétonnière, provenant d'une centrale de béton extérieur à la zone de production 16.Alternatively, the fresh concrete is delivered by mixer trucks, concrete mixer, from a concrete plant outside the production area 16.

Avantageusement la machine mobile de conformation 56 et la bétonnière 54 forment un convoi mobile.Advantageously, the mobile shaping machine 56 and the mixer 54 form a mobile convoy.

La machine mobile de conformation 56 est, par exemple, une machine à coffrages glissants propre à conformer, extruder le béton frais issu de la bétonnière 54 selon un profil prédéterminé correspondant aux dimensions prédéterminées.The mobile conformation machine 56 is, for example, a slippery form machine fit to conform, extrude the fresh concrete from the mixer 54 according to a predetermined profile corresponding to the predetermined dimensions.

En variante, l'unité de production 50 comprend, à la place de l'unité mobile de conformation 56, des coffrages ayant les dimensions prédéterminées et configurés pour conformer le béton frais issu de la bétonnière selon un profil prédéterminé correspondant aux dimensions prédéterminées.Alternatively, the production unit 50 comprises, instead of the mobile conformation unit 56, formwork having the predetermined dimensions and configured to conform the fresh concrete from the concrete mixer according to a predetermined profile corresponding to the predetermined dimensions.

La machine mobile d'insertion 52 est configurée pour disposer chaque insert 34 dans le bloc de béton frais correspondant une fois que le béton frais a été conformé par l'unité de production 50, de préférence à une position préalablement définie.The movable insertion machine 52 is configured to dispose each insert 34 in the corresponding fresh concrete block once the fresh concrete has been shaped by the production unit 50, preferably at a previously defined position.

La machine mobile d'insertion est, par exemple, telle que décrite dans EP 0 803 609 A2 colonnes 6 à 10.The mobile insertion machine is, for example, as described in EP 0 803 609 A2 columns 6 to 10.

Avantageusement la machine mobile d'insertion 52, la machine mobile de conformation 56 et, de préférence la bétonnière, forment un convoi mobile propre à fabriquer les éléments préfabriqués 28.Advantageously, the mobile insertion machine 52, the mobile conformation machine 56 and, preferably the concrete mixer, form a mobile convoy suitable for manufacturing the prefabricated elements 28.

La machine mobile d'insertion 52 comprend une plateforme mobile 58 supportant deux dispositifs d'insertion 60 identiques propres à insérer un insert 34 dans chaque bloc de béton frais 32 et un chariot 63 qui est solidaire de la plateforme 58, reçoit les dispositifs d'insertion 60 et est mobile par rapport à la plateforme mobile 58 selon deux axes horizontaux, orthogonaux entre eux.The mobile insertion machine 52 comprises a mobile platform 58 supporting two identical insertion devices 60 capable of inserting an insert 34 into each fresh concrete block 32 and a carriage 63 which is integral with the platform 58, receiving the devices of FIG. insertion 60 and is movable relative to the mobile platform 58 along two horizontal axes, orthogonal to each other.

La plateforme 58 est montée par exemple sur quatre chenilles 66 par l'intermédiaire de quatre bras horizontaux avantageusement articulés 68, permettant de régler l'écartement entre les chenilles.The platform 58 is mounted for example on four tracks 66 by means of four preferably articulated horizontal arms 68, to adjust the spacing between the tracks.

La position de la plateforme 58 est asservie selon trois axes orthogonaux, au moyens d'une unité de commande 59.The position of the platform 58 is slaved along three orthogonal axes, by means of a control unit 59.

La plateforme 58 enjambe les blocs de béton 32 et se déplace au-dessus des blocs de béton 32 grâce à des moteurs actionnant les chenilles 66.The platform 58 spans the concrete blocks 32 and moves over the concrete blocks 32 through motors actuating the tracks 66.

Les dispositifs d'insertion 60, sont écartés d'un intervalle correspondant à l'intervalle prévu pour les rails 22A, 22B. Le chariot mobile 63 les déplace ensemble et permet d'affiner la position d'insertion, avec une précision de l'ordre d'un millimètre selon deux axes horizontaux, encore meilleure que celle procurée par la plateforme 58.The insertion devices 60 are spaced apart by an interval corresponding to the interval provided for the rails 22A, 22B. The moving carriage 63 moves them together and allows to refine the insertion position, with an accuracy of the order of one millimeter along two horizontal axes, even better than that provided by the platform 58.

Chaque dispositif d'insertion 60 comprend un organe 70 de préhension d'un insert 34, un organe 72 de déplacement de l'organe de préhension propre à déplacer l'organe de préhension pour que l'insert 34 vienne en contact d'un bloc de béton frais 32 au-dessus duquel circule la machine d'insertion 52 et un dispositif de vibration 74 propre à faire vibrer l'organe de préhension 70.Each insertion device 60 comprises a member 70 for gripping an insert 34, a member 72 for moving the gripping member capable of displacing the gripping member so that the insert 34 comes into contact with a block of fresh concrete 32 above which flows the insertion machine 52 and a vibration device 74 able to vibrate the gripping member 70.

L'organe de préhension 70 comprend, par exemple, des pinces ou des ventouses.The gripping member 70 comprises, for example, pliers or suction cups.

L'organe de déplacement 72 comprend, par exemple, un ou des vérins 78 propre à mettre en mouvement une tige 80 mobile reliée à l'organe de préhension 70.The displacement member 72 comprises, for example, one or more jacks 78 adapted to set in motion a movable rod 80 connected to the gripping member 70.

Le dispositif de vibration 74 comporte un ou plusieurs vibreurs, chaque vibreur étant constitué par exemple d'un moteur hydraulique ayant un balourd. Le dispositif de vibration 74 vibre en entrainant dans son mouvement les moyens de préhension 70 qui transmettent les vibrations à l'insert 34 et notamment aux goujons 42, 44 de l'insert. Sous l'action de ces vibrations, le béton est beaucoup plus fluide au voisinage des tiges d'ancrage 42B, 44B, ce qui permet de les enfoncer avec moins de force et d'obtenir un positionnement beaucoup plus précis, en assurant le bon enrobage des différents composants de l'insert dans le béton.The vibrating device 74 comprises one or more vibrators, each vibrator consisting for example of a hydraulic motor having an unbalance. The vibrating device 74 vibrates by driving in its movement the gripping means 70 which transmit the vibrations to the insert 34 and in particular to the studs 42, 44 of the insert. Under the action of these vibrations, the concrete is much more fluid in the vicinity of the anchor rods 42B, 44B, which makes it possible to drive them with less force and to obtain a much more precise positioning, while ensuring the good coating different components of the insert in the concrete.

En variante non représentée, la machine mobile d'insertion 52 comprend un bras robotisé mobile relié à un élément structurel de la machine mobile d'insertion 52. Le bras robotisé comprend des moyens de préhension des inserts 34 et possède au moins 3 degrés de liberté, de préférence au moins 4 degrés de liberté par rapport à l'élément structurel.In a variant not shown, the mobile insertion machine 52 comprises a mobile robotic arm connected to a structural element of the mobile insertion machine 52. The robotic arm comprises means for gripping the inserts 34 and has at least 3 degrees of freedom preferably at least 4 degrees of freedom with respect to the structural element.

Le fonctionnement du procédé de fabrication du support de voie ferrée 20 va désormais être décrit à l'aide de l'organigramme 100 de la figure 5.The operation of the method of manufacturing the railway support 20 will now be described using the flow chart 100 of the figure 5 .

Dans une première étape 110, l'unité de production 50 et la machine mobile d'insertion 52 sont fournies sur la zone de production 16.In a first step 110, the production unit 50 and the mobile insertion machine 52 are provided on the production area 16.

Ensuite, au cours d'une étape préliminaire 112, un béton adapté est préparé, à l'aide de la bétonnière 54 puis chargé dans la machine à coffrages glissants 56.Then, during a preliminary step 112, a suitable concrete is prepared, using the mixer 54 and loaded into the slipform machine 56.

Puis lors d'une étape de coulage et de conformation 114, la machine à coffrages glissants 56 déverse le béton et le conforme pour obtenir les blocs de béton frais 32 avec les dimensions prédéterminées.Then during a pouring and shaping step 114, the slipform machine 56 pours the concrete and conforms to obtain the fresh concrete blocks 32 with the predetermined dimensions.

Par exemple, la machine à coffrages glissants 56 comporte des premiers coffrages droite et gauche pour conformer les faces supérieures et les faces latérales des blocs de béton 32. La hauteur des coffrages glissants est ajustée avant d'utiliser la machine pour profiler les blocs de béton frais 32 selon les dimensions prédéterminées.For example, the slipforming machine 56 includes first right and left formwork to form the upper faces and the lateral faces of the concrete blocks 32. The height of the sliding formwork is adjusted before using the machine for profiling the concrete blocks charge 32 according to the predetermined dimensions.

Avantageusement, la machine à coffrages glissants 56 circule, par exemple, au-dessus de ferraillages prédisposés.Advantageously, the slip form machine 56 circulates, for example, above predisposed reinforcements.

Dans une étape suivante d'insertion 116, alors que le béton est encore frais, la machine d'insertion automatique 52 circule au-dessus des blocs de béton frais 28 de manière à insérer, en des positions prédéfinies, les inserts 34 de fixation des rails. De manière connue, les inserts 34 sont insérés dans le béton frais avec un mouvement vibratoire permettant d'enfoncer dans le béton, les tiges d'ancrage 42B, 44B. Plus précisément, chaque insert 34 est disposé dans le bloc de béton frais correspondant en faisant vibrer le béton autour de cet insert 34 pendant son déplacement, jusqu'à ce qu'il atteigne la position prédéfinie.In a subsequent insertion step 116, while the concrete is still fresh, the automatic insertion machine 52 circulates above the fresh concrete blocks 28 so as to insert, at predefined positions, the inserts 34 for fixing the rails. In known manner, the inserts 34 are inserted into the fresh concrete with a vibratory movement for driving into the concrete, the anchor rods 42B, 44B. Specifically, each insert 34 is disposed in the corresponding fresh concrete block by vibrating the concrete around the insert 34 during its movement, until it reaches the predefined position.

De préférence, une telle machine d'insertion automatique d'inserts 52 comporte des moyens permettant, alors que l'insert 34 à insérer est animée d'un mouvement vibratoire, que le béton encore frais conserve la forme qui lui a été conférée à l'étape 114.Preferably, such an inserts automatic insertion machine 52 comprises means allowing, while the insert 34 to be inserted is animated by a vibratory movement, that the still fresh concrete retains the shape which has been conferred on it. step 114.

Ensuite, lors d'une étape de séchage 118, les blocs de béton 32 sont laissés au repos pour sécher. Une fois le béton pris et sec, les inserts sont scellés en position et les éléments préfabriqués 28 sont obtenus. La position d'insertion est obtenue avec une grande précision grâce à la machine d'insertion 52.Then, during a drying step 118, the concrete blocks 32 are left to dry. Once the concrete is set and dried, the inserts are sealed in position and the prefabricated elements 28 are obtained. The insertion position is obtained with great precision thanks to the insertion machine 52.

Avantageusement les éléments préfabriqués 28 sont maintenus à une température et une humidité prédéterminé, à l'aide, par exemple, d'une machine de séchage afin d'achever le durcissement du béton.Advantageously, the prefabricated elements 28 are maintained at a predetermined temperature and humidity, for example using a drying machine in order to complete the curing of the concrete.

Puis, lors d'une étape de stockage 120, les éléments préfabriqués 28 sont stockés dans la zone de production.Then, during a storage step 120, the prefabricated elements 28 are stored in the production area.

Ils sont, par exemple, déplacés dans un espace de stockage prévu à cet effet dans la zone de production 16.They are, for example, moved to a storage space provided for this purpose in the production area 16.

Ensuite, au cours d'une étape de préparation 122, la zone d'installation 14 est préparée afin que la surface 23 de réception du support de voie ferrée 20 soit globalement plane et propre à supporter le poids du support de voie ferrée 20 et d'un véhicule circulant sur la voie ferrée 20, sans subir de déformation.Then, during a preparation step 122, the installation zone 14 is prepared so that the receiving surface 23 of the railway support 20 is generally flat and able to support the weight of the rail support 20 and the rail. a vehicle traveling on the railway track 20 without undergoing any deformation.

Puis, au cours d'une étape de transport 124, les éléments préfabriqués 28 sont transportés vers la zone d'installation 14 et lors d'une étape d'assemblage 126 les éléments préfabriqués 28 sont assemblés les uns aux autres ou positionnés côte à côte afin de former le support de voie ferrée 20.Then, during a transport step 124, the prefabricated elements 28 are transported to the installation zone 14 and during an assembly step 126 the prefabricated elements 28 are assembled to one another or positioned side by side. to form the rail support 20.

A la suite de l'étape d'assemblage 126, lors d'une étape d'installation 128, les rails 22A, 22B sont installés au niveau des inserts 34 et fixés aux inserts 34 à l'aide des systèmes de fixation associés 30.Following the assembly step 126, during an installation step 128, the rails 22A, 22B are installed at the inserts 34 and fixed to the inserts 34 by means of the associated fastening systems 30.

Avantageusement, préalablement à l'étape d'assemblage 126, des portions des rails 22A, 22B préalablement soudées, ainsi que les moyens de fixation 30 sont stockées au niveau de la zone d'installation 14 le long de la surface de réception 23, de part et d'autre de la surface de réception 23.Advantageously, prior to the assembly step 126, portions of the rails 22A, 22B previously welded, and the fastening means 30 are stored at the installation zone 14 along the receiving surface 23, both sides of the receiving surface 23.

Avantageusement encore, à la suite à l'étape d'installation 128 la hauteur des rails 22A, 22B est vérifiée et les systèmes de fixation 30 des rails sont ajustés pour régler la hauteur des rails, puis les éléments préfabriqués 28 sont par exemple fixés entre eux si nécessaire et à la surface de réception 23 à l'aide, par exemple, de béton ou mortier de calage ou nivellement.Advantageously, following the installation step 128, the height of the rails 22A, 22B is checked and the fastening systems 30 of the rails are adjusted to adjust the height of the rails, then the prefabricated elements 28 are for example fixed between them if necessary and to the receiving surface 23 using, for example, concrete or mortar wedging or leveling.

Le support de voie ferrée 20 obtenu grâce au procédé décrit ci-dessus est adapté à tout type de véhicule de transport tel qu'un train, un tramway ou un métro.The rail support 20 obtained by the method described above is suitable for any type of transport vehicle such as a train, a tram or a subway.

Avantageusement, les dimensions prédéterminées sont calculées en fonction de l'utilisation du support de voie ferrée, c'est-à-dire par exemple en fonction d'un alignement requis des rails de la voie, de la vitesse et du poids des véhicules destinés à circuler sur la voie ferrée mais également des caractéristiques du sol de la zone d'installation 14.Advantageously, the predetermined dimensions are calculated as a function of the use of the railway support, that is to say for example according to a required alignment of the rails of the track, the speed and the weight of the vehicles intended to circulate on the railway but also soil characteristics of the installation area 14.

Plus précisément, la machine mobile à coffrages glissants 52 est, par exemple, configurée pour mémoriser les dimensions prédéterminées qui sont fonctions des caractéristiques souhaitées de la voie ferrée 20.More specifically, the sliding form mobile machine 52 is, for example, configured to memorize the predetermined dimensions which are functions of the desired characteristics of the track 20.

Avantageusement plusieurs zones de production 16 sont prévues tout le long de la zone d'installation 14.Advantageously, several production zones 16 are provided all along the installation zone 14.

Le procédé de fabrication décrit dans cette demande permet d'optimiser l'utilisation de la machine d'insertion 52 et d'éviter une immobilisation de ladite machine 52 et du personnel l'utilisant, liée par exemple à un retard dans la préparation de la surface de réception 23.The manufacturing method described in this application makes it possible to optimize the use of the insertion machine 52 and to avoid immobilization of said machine 52 and of the personnel using it, linked, for example, to a delay in the preparation of the machine. receiving surface 23.

En outre, la vitesse d'installation du support de voie ferrée 20 est améliorée puisque de nombreuses tâches sont effectuées en amont et qu'il n'y a qu'à assembler les éléments préfabriqués 28 pour fabriquer le support de voie 20.In addition, the installation speed of the railway support 20 is improved since many tasks are performed upstream and that it is only necessary to assemble the prefabricated elements 28 to manufacture the track support 20.

Par ailleurs, l'utilisation des machines à coffrages glissants 56 et d'insertion 52 permet de fabriquer les éléments préfabriqués 28 à proximité de la zone d'installation 14 en utilisant un processus mécanisé et ceci quel que soit l'état de préparation de la zone d'installation 14.Moreover, the use of slip-form machines 56 and insertion 52 makes it possible to manufacture the prefabricated elements 28 near the installation zone 14 using a mechanized process and this whatever the state of preparation of the machine. installation area 14.

De plus, les contraintes liées au transport des éléments préfabriqués 28 sont réduites.In addition, the constraints related to the transport of prefabricated elements 28 are reduced.

En outre, l'utilisation des machines à coffrages glissants 56 et d'insertion 52 peut se faire dans un endroit couvert à l'abri des aléas météorologiques.In addition, the use of slipform machines 56 and insertion 52 can be done in a covered place away from weather hazards.

Enfin, le fait d'utiliser une machine mobile d'insertion 52 pour insérer les inserts permet de prendre en compte les contraintes d'alignement liées au projet et de garantir le bon positionnement des inserts.Finally, the fact of using a mobile insertion machine 52 to insert the inserts makes it possible to take into account the alignment constraints related to the project and to guarantee the correct positioning of the inserts.

Avantageusement, lors de l'étape 116 des inserts de fixation d'un rail électrique d'alimentation de voie ferrée, ou de systèmes anti-déraillement sont insérés dans les blocs de béton frais.Advantageously, during step 116 of the fastening inserts of a rail power supply rail, or anti-derailment systems are inserted into the fresh concrete blocks.

Les modes de réalisations et variantes envisagés ci-dessus sont propres à être combinés entre eux pour donner lieu à d'autres modes de réalisation de l'invention.The embodiments and variants envisaged above are suitable for being combined with one another to give rise to other embodiments of the invention.

Claims (10)

Procédé (100) de fabrication d'un support de voie ferrée (20), le support de voie ferrée (20) comprenant une pluralité d'éléments préfabriqués (28) de dimensions prédéterminées assemblés les uns aux autres, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte les étapes successives suivantes : - fournir (110) une machine mobile d'insertion (52) configurée pour disposer au moins un insert (34) dans un bloc de béton frais, la machine mobile d'insertion (52) étant fournie dans une zone de production (16) des éléments préfabriqués (28) située à proximité d'une zone d'installation (14) destinée à recevoir la voie ferrée (20), la zone de production étant distincte de la zone d'installation ; - couler et conformer (114) un béton frais afin de former des blocs de béton frais individuels ayant les dimensions prédéterminées ; - disposer (116) au moins un insert dans chaque bloc de béton frais à l'aide de la machine mobile d'insertion (52) ; - faire sécher (118) les blocs de béton frais pour obtenir les éléments préfabriqués (28). A method (100) for manufacturing a track carrier (20), the track carrier (20) comprising a plurality of prefabricated elements (28) of predetermined dimensions assembled to one another, characterized in that comprises the following successive steps: - providing (110) a mobile insertion machine (52) configured to dispose at least one insert (34) in a fresh concrete block, the mobile insertion machine (52) being provided in a production area (16) prefabricated elements (28) located near an installation zone (14) for receiving the railway (20), the production zone being distinct from the installation zone; - pouring and shaping (114) fresh concrete to form individual fresh concrete blocks having the predetermined dimensions; - placing (116) at least one insert in each fresh concrete block with the mobile insertion machine (52); - Dry (118) the fresh concrete blocks to obtain the prefabricated elements (28). Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel après l'étape de séchage (118) des blocs de béton frais, le procédé comprend l'étape suivante : - stocker (120) les éléments préfabriqués (28) dans la zone de production (16). The method of claim 1, wherein after the step of drying (118) the fresh concrete blocks, the method comprises the following step: - Store (120) the prefabricated elements (28) in the production area (16). Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel après l'étape de séchage (118), le procédé comprend l'étape suivante : - assembler (126) les éléments préfabriqués (28) au niveau de la zone d'installation (14) afin de former le support de voie ferrée (20). The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein after the drying step (118), the method comprises the following step: - Assembling (126) the prefabricated elements (28) at the installation area (14) to form the rail support (20). Procédé selon la revendication 3, dans lequel précédemment à l'étape d'assemblage (126) le procédé comprend l'étape suivante : - préparer (122) la zone d'installation (14) afin qu'elle présente une surface de réception (23) du support de voie ferrée (20) globalement plane et étant propre à supporter le poids du support de voie ferrée (20) et d'un véhicule circulant sur la voie ferrée sans subir de déformation, et dans lequel lors de l'étape d'assemblage (126) les éléments préfabriqués (28) sont positionnés sur la surface de réception (23).The method of claim 3, wherein prior to the assembling step (126) the method comprises the step of: - preparing (122) the installation area (14) so that it has a generally planar receiving surface (23) of the rail support (20) and being adapted to support the weight of the rail support (20) and a vehicle traveling on the railway without deformation, and wherein in the assembling step (126) the prefabricated elements (28) are positioned on the receiving surface (23). Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel lors de l'étape de coulage et de conformation (114) une machine mobile à coffrages glissants (56) est utilisée pour conformer le béton frais selon un profil prédéterminé correspondant aux dimensions prédéterminées.A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein during the casting and shaping step (114) a sliding form mobile machine (56) is used to shape the fresh concrete to a predetermined profile corresponding to the predetermined dimensions. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, dans lequel lors de l'étape de coulage et de conformation (114) des coffrages sont utilisés pour conformer le béton frais selon un profil prédéterminé correspondant aux dimensions prédéterminées.A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein during the pouring and shaping step (114) the formwork is used to conform the fresh concrete to a predetermined profile corresponding to the predetermined dimensions. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel lors de l'étape de disposition (116) chaque insert (34) est disposé dans le bloc de béton frais correspondant en faisant vibrer le béton autour de cet insert pendant son déplacement, jusqu'à qu'il atteigne une position prédéfinie.A method according to any one of the preceding claims wherein in the step of disposing (116) each insert (34) is disposed in the corresponding fresh concrete block by vibrating the concrete around the insert during its movement, until to reach a predefined position. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel à la suite de l'étape de séchage (118) le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes (128) : - installer des rails (22A, 22B) au niveau des inserts (34), - fixer les rails (22A, 22B) aux inserts (34) à l'aide de systèmes (30) de fixation des rails aux inserts. A method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims, wherein following the drying step (118) the method comprises the following steps (128): - install rails (22A, 22B) at the inserts (34), - Fix the rails (22A, 22B) to the inserts (34) using systems (30) for fixing the rails to the inserts. Support de voie ferrée (20), caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé par la mise en oeuvre d'un procédé (100) de fabrication conforme à l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.Railway support (20), characterized in that it is implemented by the implementation of a manufacturing method (100) according to any one of the preceding claims. Installation ferroviaire (12), caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un support de voie ferrée (20) selon la revendication 9 et une voie ferrée (22) fixée au support de voie ferrée (20) au niveau des inserts (34).Railway plant (12), characterized in that it comprises a railway support (20) according to claim 9 and a railway track (22) fastened to the rail support (20) at the inserts (34).
EP18175453.2A 2017-06-01 2018-06-01 Method of manufacturing a railroad support Active EP3409836B1 (en)

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FR1754867A FR3067045B1 (en) 2017-06-01 2017-06-01 PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING RAILWAY SUPPORT, RAILWAY SUPPORT AND RAILWAY INSTALLATION THEREFOR

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EP2351884A1 (en) * 2010-01-08 2011-08-03 Colas Supporting module for a prefabricated railway track, railway track, section and method for mounting railway tracks

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EP3409836B1 (en) 2020-12-30
DK3409836T3 (en) 2021-03-15
US11085153B2 (en) 2021-08-10
FR3067045A1 (en) 2018-12-07
FR3067045B1 (en) 2019-07-26
US20180347119A1 (en) 2018-12-06
AU2018203870A1 (en) 2018-12-20

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