EP3403816B1 - Procédé de compression d'une natte de matériau comprimable - Google Patents

Procédé de compression d'une natte de matériau comprimable Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3403816B1
EP3403816B1 EP18163239.9A EP18163239A EP3403816B1 EP 3403816 B1 EP3403816 B1 EP 3403816B1 EP 18163239 A EP18163239 A EP 18163239A EP 3403816 B1 EP3403816 B1 EP 3403816B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
press
inlet
press plate
plate
area
Prior art date
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EP18163239.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3403816A1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Fechner
Lothar Sebastian
Jörg Heinz Hüneke
Michael SCHÖLER
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Siempelkamp Maschinen und Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
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Siempelkamp Maschinen und Anlagenbau GmbH and Co KG
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B5/00—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups
    • B30B5/04—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band
    • B30B5/06—Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band co-operating with another endless band
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
    • B27N3/24—Moulding or pressing characterised by using continuously acting presses having endless belts or chains moved within the compression zone

Definitions

  • endlessly circulating press belts e.g. As steel strips, provided with the interposition of rolling element assemblies, z. B. roll bars, are supported on the press plates.
  • the mat of pressed material is guided into the press gap with the aid of the press belts and passed through the press gap and pressed into a wood-based panel or a (continuous) wood-based panel strand using pressure and heat.
  • Wood-based panel means in particular fiberboard or chipboard. In a fiberboard it can be z. B. be an MDF board or an HDF or LDF board.
  • the press plates each have a constant thickness over their entire length, so that an inlet-side Section of such a press plate forms the inlet area in which the pressing material mat (to nominal size) is compacted.
  • the press plates in the inlet area have increased flexibility or bending elasticity compared to the adjoining main press area, so that a flexible contour of the upper press plate or lower press plate can be adjusted at least in the inlet area.
  • the upper press platen and/or the lower press platen (in the entry area) has a smaller thickness than in the main pressing area.
  • an upper infeed press plate and on the other hand an upper main press plate arranged downstream of this in the working direction are provided and/or that as the lower press platen on the one hand in the infeed area a lower infeed press plate and on the other hand a lower main press plate arranged downstream of this in the working direction is provided.
  • the inlet press plates which in practice are also often referred to as inlet plates, preferably have a smaller thickness and thus higher flexural elasticity than the main press plates, which in practice are often also simply referred to as press plates.
  • Both the main press plate and the inlet plates are preferably heatable, e.g. B. provided with heating channels for a heating medium.
  • the method therefore preferably relates to a continuously operating double belt press with a so-called flexible press infeed, in which the infeed contour of the infeed gap or infeed mouth can be adjusted steplessly and practically to produce any continuous bending lines.
  • Such a continuous press is z. B. from the DE 197 40 325 C5 known.
  • Double-acting differential cylinders are connected (in several rows) to the inlet plates, so that tensile and compressive forces can be adjusted continuous bending lines are connected in a predetermined distribution to the upper inlet plate or to the lower inlet plate.
  • the flexible or highly flexible design of the infeed mouth makes it possible to variably design the area of the highest compaction in the longitudinal direction of the press, depending at least on the respective pressing material properties, the respective mat height, the respective spreading density of the pressing material in the longitudinal direction of the press , so that the narrowest gap between the upper and lower sheet steel strip and consequently the upper and lower inlet plate does not always have to be at the same point and seen relatively far in the press in the direction of production. Rather, according to DE 199 18 492 C1 an early compaction of the respective pressing material mat can be realized by compression below the nominal size already taking place in the inlet gap.
  • the support lines on the press platen of the fixed press beam should be offset from the support lines on the press platen of the movable press beam, so that in the main pressing area both the upper press platen and the lower press platen parallel to each other in a corrugated manner, forming a Press lengths constant press gap are deformed.
  • main pressing area which is formed by the usual main pressing plates.
  • Such constructions are intended to reduce pulsations in the material to be pressed, particularly in the main pressing area, in particular from the point of view of saving glue.
  • the object of the invention is to create a method for pressing a pressed material mat in the course of the production of wood-based panels in a continuous press of the type described above, which is characterized by particularly high cost-effectiveness and high panel quality at the same time.
  • the invention teaches that the upper press platen and/or the lower press platen, at least in the infeed area, is lowered and raised cyclically in a pulsating manner, at least in certain areas, so that the pressed material mat entering the infeed gap (at least in the compaction phase) is repeatedly compressed and cyclically Relieving by means of the press cylinders connected to the upper press platen and/or the lower press platen in the inlet area, several pulsingly varying compression phases and decompression phases are successively passed through.
  • the infeed area or the infeed mouth of the continuous press is consequently opened and closed in a cyclically pulsating manner, so that the mat to be pressed is compressed and relieved in a cyclically pulsating manner, at least in the infeed area and possibly also in a section of the main pressing area, so that the actual compaction process in the infeed area is accompanied by pulsating compaction and Relief is superimposed.
  • the pressed material mat is not continuously compacted down to a nominal size (compaction size) in the compaction phase, as has been the case up to now, but is instead cyclically relieved again and again during the compaction phase.
  • the method includes cyclically compressing the pressed material mat several times to the nominal size in several compression phases or even cyclically several times below the nominal size and consequently to realize an overcompression, with relief in the decompression phases taking place between the compression phases, specifically beyond the nominal size.
  • the pressing material mat is preferably completely relieved of pressure in the decompression phases and is consequently depressurized, ie the pressure in the pressing material mat is reduced to zero or almost zero.
  • nominal dimension means the thickness of the compressed mat at the end of the pulsating inlet area.
  • This nominal size (compaction size) is usually slightly larger (e.g. up to 20% or up to 15% larger) than the finished size (final size) of the panel leaving the press, since there is still residual compaction/calibration in the press and thus, if necessary, residual compression from the nominal size to the finished size.
  • the invention is based on the surprising finding that the pressing process can be optimized, in particular with regard to economic efficiency, if a pulsation of the pressing material, which has been disruptive in the main pressing area in particular, is specifically and actively generated in the area of the inlet. Because while pulsations in the rear area of the press, in which the compacted plate is consolidated, must be avoided, the invention has recognized that a targeted and active pulsation in the infeed area (and possibly in a first part of the main pressing area) has a positive effect on the economy affects. In principle, the aim is to heat the mat to be pressed as quickly as possible (up to the inside of the mat) in the press, since the glues usually used at a certain temperature of e.g. B.
  • the interim relief is important here, in that the press is (almost) depressurized or opened at least in the infeed area, so that the mat can cyclically pulse again to a greater thickness than in the previously compacted and preferably over-compacted state.
  • the press is (almost) depressurized or opened at least in the infeed area, so that the mat can cyclically pulse again to a greater thickness than in the previously compacted and preferably over-compacted state.
  • the press is (almost) depressurized or opened at least in the infeed area, so that the mat can cyclically pulse again to a greater thickness than in the previously compacted and preferably over-compacted state.
  • the mat becomes more porous, allowing the steam to penetrate more easily.
  • an improved heat transfer from the press to the product or the mat is produced.
  • the press nip pulsates in the inlet area with a predetermined constant pulse amplitude by z.
  • the upper press platen is raised and lowered with a constant pulse amplitude.
  • Constant pulse amplitude means that the inlet mouth always pulsates constantly with the same pulse amplitude, although the pulse amplitude does not have to be the same over the length of the inlet area.
  • the upper press plate e.g. inlet plate (or the lower press plate, e.g. inlet plate) is periodically raised and lowered with always the same pulse amplitude, with this pulse amplitude then being able to decrease in relation to the working direction, e.g.
  • each point of the mat of pressed material entering is compressed and decompressed with decreasing pulse amplitude, e.g. pulse amplitude decreasing from pulse to pulse.
  • the pulse amplitude can, for example, be between 1 mm and 10 mm over the entire pulsating area of the press platen, but then decrease in the working direction.
  • the pressure generated in the pressed material mat is always identical in the compression phases or at the maximum of the compression phases and consequently remains constant, namely for several or all pulse maxima.
  • the invention has recognized that a Heat input into the pressing material mat is particularly rapid if the pressure generated in the pressing material mat decreases in the compression phases from compression phase to compression phase, i.e. the pressure in the pressing material mat is reduced in the pulse maxima from pulse maximum to pulse maximum.
  • the decreasing pressure can result in the pressing material mat as a result of the constantly decreasing counter-pressure, specifically as a result of the product, which essentially consists of wood, becoming constantly softer as a result of the steam.
  • the resistance of the not yet consolidated part of the mat decreases.
  • the effect according to the invention is achieved to a particular degree by a pumping effect of the water/steam into the interior of the mat, it is expedient to provide the pressing material mat with a sufficient moisture content or water content.
  • the liquid required for generating the steam can be made available by moistening the pressing material mat on the mat surface, specifically preferably from both sides onto both plate surfaces.
  • a very rapid introduction of heat can be realized in this way.
  • applying water to the mat surface is very easy and inexpensive.
  • Another advantage is the fact that the water remains in the system due to the steel press belts circulating in the continuous press and is therefore inherent to the system. This means that the use of screens, textile belts or perforated heating plates can be dispensed with.
  • the press design must allow for cyclic pulsation of the press platen, at least in the infeed area.
  • This can e.g. B. realized in that in the inlet area at least one upper Press plate or at least a lower press plate is provided with sufficient bending elasticity.
  • main press plates in the main press area and (separate) infeed press plates with a correspondingly smaller thickness in the infeed area.
  • the pulsation is realized exclusively in the area of the upper and/or lower inlet press plate. Depending on the length of this inlet press plate, however, it is expedient if the pulsation also extends into the area of the main press plates.
  • the infeed press plates with a correspondingly large length, so that the pulsation can then be restricted to the area of the (flexible) infeed press plates. In this case it may then be possible to reduce the length of the main press plates in which no pulsation is realized.
  • the active pulsation in the infeed area results in very rapid heating of the pressed material mat
  • the press speed remains the same.
  • it is necessary, in order to avoid temperature-related damage to the surfaces of the mat not to select the temperatures of the press plates too high, since relatively long temperature rise times are used. Due to the shorter temperature exposure time on the surface achieved according to the invention, it is now possible to further increase the temperature of the press plates, e.g. B. to temperatures of over 200 ° C, optionally to over 220 ° C. This significantly reduces the heating time factor.
  • the method described can basically be implemented with a continuous press of known design. It may be useful to work with relatively long inlet plates that are provided with a large number of rows, each with several inlet cylinders.
  • the press can also be modified in the manner described above. It also goes without saying that with an overall cyclically pulsating inlet gap, a suitable transition to the non-pulsating areas of the press, e.g. B. the pulse amplitude decreases successively in a transition range. This corresponds e.g.
  • the (respective) pulsating press platen can have a (constantly) curved contour or can be set with a constantly curved contour via the press cylinder, so that this curved contour is then raised and lowered in a pulsating manner overall.
  • a continuously operating press for the production of wood-based panels, in particular fiberboard is shown.
  • the press has a press frame 1 .
  • an upper main press platen 2 is arranged in the upper part of the press and a lower main press platen 3 is arranged in the lower part of the press.
  • These main press plates 2, 3 can be heated and are consequently designed as heating plates with integrated heating channels.
  • the press frame 1 consists of a plurality of press frames 4 arranged in a row in the longitudinal direction of the press.
  • the press also has an upper infeed press plate 5 arranged in front of the upper main press platen 2 on the inlet side and a lower infeed press plate 6 arranged in front of the lower main press platen 3 on the inlet side.
  • the inlet press plates 5, 6 are also designed as heatable plates with integrated heating channels. They are also designed to be flexible in order to set an inlet contour.
  • Press cylinders 7 which are supported on the press frame 1 , are connected to the upper main press platen 2 in order to set the press gap in the main press area.
  • inlet cylinders 8 are connected to the upper inlet press platen 5, which are also supported on the press frame 1 and via which the inlet gap or the press gap in the inlet area can be adjusted.
  • endlessly circulating press belts 9 e.g. steel press belts
  • B. roll bars on the inlet press plates 5, 6 and the main press plates 2, 3 are supported.
  • a press is shown in a fundamentally known embodiment, in which five rows of infeed cylinders 8 are provided in the infeed area.
  • the inlet cylinders 8 and/or the main cylinders 7 are designed as double-acting differential cylinders within the scope of the invention, so that tensile forces and compressive forces can (at least) be transferred to the upper inlet plate 5, so that a continuous bending line of the upper inlet plate 5 can be set.
  • the lower inlet plate 6 is fastened to the press frame (e.g. with a fixed radius).
  • the press according to 1 now operated in such a way that the upper infeed press plate 5 (and possibly also a first section of the main press plate 2) via the infeed cylinders 8 (and possibly the press cylinders 7) in the infeed area (and possibly also in a first section of the main press area) with a specific pulse amplitude overall cyclically is lowered and raised in a pulsating manner.
  • This causes the pressed material mat entering the infeed gap to pulsate several times in succession, at least in the compression phase (in the infeed area) by means of multiple cyclic compression and relief by means of the press cylinders/infeed cylinders connected to the upper infeed press platen in the infeed area undergoes varying phases of compression and decompression. This will be in the 2 clearly.
  • the inlet area of a continuous press is shown with the inlet plates 5, 6, which form an inlet mouth or inlet gap tapering in the working direction A.
  • this inlet contour can be extended via that of 2 Set the intake cylinder, not shown, variably.
  • the lower inlet plate is fastened to the press frame with a predefined contour.
  • the press belts/steel belts and the rotating roller bars are not shown.
  • the respective thickness of the mat is limited by the upper steel strip and the lower steel strip. This is in 2 shown only greatly simplified without depicting the steel bands and rolling rods.
  • the upper infeed press plate 5 is lowered and raised in a cyclically pulsating manner via the infeed cylinder 8 (with the curved contour).
  • the neutral position of the curved upper inlet plate 5 is shown, which corresponds to the usual setting of an inlet mouth.
  • the upper maximum position on the one hand and the lower maximum position on the other hand of the inlet plate in the course of the pulsation are shown as examples.
  • the nominal size N in this case meaning the thickness of the mat at the end of the pulsating inlet area.
  • This nominal size N is slightly larger (e.g.
  • the pulsating raising and lowering of the inlet plate 5 can be represented as a quasi pulsating pivoting movement of the plate about a (virtual) pivot point P.
  • the (absolute) pulse amplitude decreases from pulse to pulse when viewed spatially in the working direction A and then assumes the value zero in the area of the virtual pivot point.
  • the heat can be introduced into the pressing material mat particularly efficiently and quickly, so that a very rapid temperature rise is realized in the inlet area.
  • This can be done using the 3 clarify. Shown is the temperature development for, on the one hand, a conventionally shaped (non-pulsating) inlet mouth and, on the other hand, for an inlet mouth pulsating according to the invention.
  • the temperature T is shown as a function of the time t. While curve K1 shows the temperature development for a conventionally designed inlet mouth as a reference, curve K2 shows the temperature development in pulsation operation by way of example and it can be seen that the heat input is significantly faster. This can be seen, for example, from the time difference ⁇ t drawn in the figure at a critical temperature of 100° C., for example.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Veneer Processing And Manufacture Of Plywood (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé de compression d'une natte de matière à presser au cours de la fabrication de panneaux dérivés du bois, en particulier de panneaux de fibres, dans une presse continue,
    sachant que la presse comporte un bâti de presse (1), au moins un plateau de presse supérieur (2, 5) et au moins un plateau de presse inférieur (3, 6), sachant que le plateau de presse supérieur (2, 5) et/ou le plateau de presse inférieur (3, 6), est sollicité par des vérins de pressage (7, 8) supportés sur le bâti de presse (1) pour le réglage d'un interstice de pressage disposé entre les plateaux de presse,
    sachant qu'une zone d'entrée est formée du côté admission par les plateaux de presse (5, 6), dans laquelle la natte de matière à presser (M) entrant dans l'interstice de pressage est comprimée pendant une phase de compression,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le plateau de presse supérieur (5) et/ou le plateau de presse inférieur (6) est abaissé et relevé au moins dans la zone d'entrée par pulsions de façon cyclique au moins par endroits de telle manière que la natte de matière à presser entrant dans l'interstice d'admission passe par plusieurs phases de compression et phases de décompression l'une après l'autre variant en pulsions plusieurs fois par une compression et un relâchement de façon cyclique au moyen des vérins de pressage raccordés dans la zone d'admission au plateau de presse supérieur et/ou au plateau de presse inférieur,
    sachant que la natte de matière à presser est comprimée dans plusieurs phases de compression plusieurs fois de façon cyclique à la dimension nominale ou est surcomprimée sous la dimension nominale et est relâchée respectivement entre les phases de compression dans les phases de décompression au-dessus de la dimension nominale.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la pression dans la natte de matière à presser est baissée à zéro ou presqu'à zéro dans les phases de décompression, les vérins de compression étant par exemple actionnés sans pression.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la pression générée dans la natte de matière à presser diminue dans les phases de compression d'une phase de compression à l'autre.
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le plateau de presse supérieur et/ou inférieur est relevé et abaissé dans la zone d'admission périodiquement par pulsions au moins par endroits avec une amplitude d'impulsion constante dans le temps.
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'amplitude de pulsion diminue d'une pulsion à l'autre le long du plateau de presse supérieur ou inférieur dans la direction de travail (A) .
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la natte de matière à presser est humidifiée avant l'introduction.
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une presse est utilisée, qui comporte comme plateau de presse supérieur (2, 5) dans la zone d'admission, d'une part un plateau de presse d'entrée supérieur (5) et d'autre part un plateau de presse principal supérieur (2) disposé après celui-ci dans la direction de travail (A), et/ou comporte comme plateau de presse inférieur (3, 6)) dans la zone d'admission, d'une part un plateau de presse d'entrée inférieur (6) et d'autre part un plateau de presse principal inférieur (3) disposé après celui-ci dans la direction de travail (A).
  8. Procédé selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la zone à pulsions s'étend sur toute la longueur du plateau de presse d'entrée supérieur ou plateau de presse d'entrée inférieur et sur une partie de zone du plateau de presse principal supérieur ou plateau de presse principal inférieur.
  9. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la zone à pulsions du plateau de presse supérieur s'étend sur une longueur de plus de 20 % de la longueur totale du plateau de presse supérieur ou du plateau de presse inférieur.
EP18163239.9A 2017-05-18 2018-03-22 Procédé de compression d'une natte de matériau comprimable Active EP3403816B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017110865.3A DE102017110865B4 (de) 2017-05-18 2017-05-18 Verfahren zum Verpressen einer Pressgutmatte

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3403816A1 EP3403816A1 (fr) 2018-11-21
EP3403816B1 true EP3403816B1 (fr) 2023-02-15

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3403816B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN108943321B (fr)
DE (1) DE102017110865B4 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019004886A1 (de) * 2019-07-11 2021-01-14 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Druckplattenanordnung in einer Presse

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EP1825993A2 (fr) * 2006-02-24 2007-08-29 Dieffenbacher GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et presse fonctionnant en continu destinés à la fabrication de plaques de matière première

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DE2404523B2 (de) * 1974-01-31 1979-06-13 Maschinenfabrik J. Dieffenbacher Gmbh & Co, 7519 Eppingen Kontinuierlich arbeitende Presse
US4010248A (en) 1974-10-04 1977-03-01 Ethyl Corporation Process for producing trialkali metal aluminum hexahydride
EP0052664A1 (fr) * 1980-11-20 1982-06-02 John Raymond Cheetham Méthode et presse pour la fabrication en continu de feuilles planes
US4994138A (en) * 1989-01-31 1991-02-19 Compax Engineering & Development Ltd. Press for wood composites
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DE19740325C5 (de) 1997-09-13 2010-01-21 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh & Co. Kg Kontinuierliche Presse zum Verpressen von Preßgutmatten zu Preßgutplatten
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DE19926258B4 (de) 1999-06-09 2015-07-30 Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau Kontinuierlich arbeitende Presse zur Herstellung von Werkstoffplatten
BR0100836A (pt) * 2000-03-01 2001-10-30 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Aparelho e processo para fabricação de uma chapade aço laminada a quente, processo e aparelhopara prensagem de espessura de chapa e processopara formação de placa
DE10106815A1 (de) * 2001-02-14 2002-08-29 Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffplatten
DE10163090A1 (de) * 2001-12-20 2003-07-03 Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von Holzwerkstoffplatten
DE10214322B4 (de) * 2002-03-28 2016-07-14 Siempelkamp Maschinen- Und Anlagenbau Gmbh Kontinuierliche Presse zum Verpressen von Pressgutmatten zu Pressgutplatten
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CN100346948C (zh) * 2006-01-24 2007-11-07 杜官本 一种能提高人造板板材性能或生产效率的热压工艺
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EP2514585B1 (fr) 2011-04-21 2019-01-16 Siempelkamp Maschinen- und Anlagenbau GmbH Presse continue

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19622494A1 (de) * 1996-06-05 1997-12-11 Schenck Panel Production Syste Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Heißpressen
EP1825993A2 (fr) * 2006-02-24 2007-08-29 Dieffenbacher GmbH & Co. KG Procédé et presse fonctionnant en continu destinés à la fabrication de plaques de matière première

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Publication number Publication date
EP3403816A1 (fr) 2018-11-21
DE102017110865A1 (de) 2018-11-22
CN108943321A (zh) 2018-12-07
CN108943321B (zh) 2021-05-25
DE102017110865B4 (de) 2019-10-10

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