EP3397782B1 - Vorrichtung zur behandlung von metallischen werkstücken mit kühlgas - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur behandlung von metallischen werkstücken mit kühlgas Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3397782B1
EP3397782B1 EP16766466.3A EP16766466A EP3397782B1 EP 3397782 B1 EP3397782 B1 EP 3397782B1 EP 16766466 A EP16766466 A EP 16766466A EP 3397782 B1 EP3397782 B1 EP 3397782B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
guiding
cooling gas
quenching chamber
guide
box
Prior art date
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Application number
EP16766466.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3397782A1 (de
Inventor
Torsten Hesse
Marc Warmbold
Rolf Sarres
Matthias Rink
Markus Reinhold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ipsen International GmbH
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Ipsen International GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3397782A1 publication Critical patent/EP3397782A1/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D15/00—Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
    • F27D15/02—Cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/04—Circulating atmospheres by mechanical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D9/00—Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein
    • F27D2009/007—Cooling of charges therein
    • F27D2009/0072—Cooling of charges therein the cooling medium being a gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for treating metallic workpieces with cooling gas, consisting of a horizontally arranged cylindrical housing with at least one closable opening for inserting and removing the workpieces to be treated, with a quenching chamber located within the housing for receiving the workpieces to be treated two fans arranged laterally and outside the quenching chamber for guiding a cooling gas through the quenching chamber and typically with two heat exchangers for cooling the cooling gas.
  • Both can essentially be determined by the flow rate of the cooling gas, its thermophysical properties and the achievable heat removal from the hot workpieces and the heat release define in the heat exchangers.
  • the position of the heat exchangers in the cooling gas circuit as well as their structure and the resulting minimum pressure loss are crucial for the heat dissipation and thus the cooling rate of the workpieces as well as the temperature homogeneity in the cooling gas during quenching.
  • a generic device for treating metallic workpieces with cooling gas is known.
  • two fans are provided in a lying cylindrical housing on the right and left of a centrally arranged quenching chamber.
  • a heat exchanger is arranged in the flow path of the cooling gas above and below the quenching chamber.
  • the direction of flow of the cooling gas through the quenching chamber can be reversed using four switchable reversing flaps in channels for guiding the cooling gas.
  • This known arrangement has the disadvantage that the two heat exchangers are located one behind the other in the flow path of the cooling gas and thus significantly increase the flow resistance. Their size also depends on the size of the quenching chamber.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that a heat exchanger is assigned to each fan and that lockable guide devices are arranged above and below the quenching chamber. Due to this arrangement, the flow resistance for the cooling gas is reduced considerably, as only half of it is left of the cooling gas must flow through a heat exchanger. Since the heat exchangers are no longer located directly above and below the quenching chamber, they can have a significantly larger surface area with a larger degree of gap, which further contributes to reducing the flow resistance. This arrangement can also be used to create large-volume flow channels in the housing. This further reduces the flow resistance. These measures also lead to an increase in the achievable heat transfer coefficient and thus to a significantly higher transferable heat flow. This results in a shortening of the quenching time.
  • the helium commonly used as a cooling gas can be replaced by the much cheaper nitrogen.
  • nitrogen has more turbulent flow properties, so that there is improved mixing of the cooling gas as it flows around the workpieces to be quenched and thus faster heat exchange between different cooling gas areas. This improves heat transfer and the local homogeneity of the heat flows dissipated.
  • the use of nitrogen as a cooling gas also significantly reduces operating costs. The usual helium recovery process is also no longer necessary.
  • the heat exchangers are particularly advantageous to design the heat exchangers as ring heat exchangers. This allows large cooling surfaces to be realized with relatively low flow resistance at the same time.
  • each ring heat exchanger encloses the impeller of its respective fan.
  • a simply constructed and robust guide device consists of a guide box and a guide element assigned to it. It is easily possible to install appropriate guide plates for the cooling gas in the guide boxes, so that a targeted and uniform flow is achieved when entering the quenching chamber.
  • Each guide element serves, on the one hand, to divert the partial cooling gas flow to the quenching chamber and, on the other hand, to alternately close the associated guide box.
  • the two guide boxes are connected to each other using connecting elements.
  • a single moving device is then sufficient to move the two control boxes from one position to the other.
  • This arrangement also simplifies the control effort for the traversing device.
  • An electric motor with an adjusting device or a pneumatic or hydraulic cylinder can be used as the traversing device.
  • This traversing device is preferably arranged outside the housing.
  • a structurally simple arrangement of the suction opening for each fan is achieved when it is arranged above and below and to the side of the quenching chamber. Short flow paths are achieved here. Large-volume flow channels can also be created in this way. This means that the hot cooling gas leaving the quenching chamber can flow directly into the two fans without major flow losses and from there to the ring heat exchangers in order to be recooled again.
  • a structurally simple design of the guide elements provides for them to be V-shaped in cross section and for the associated guide box to have a congruent cross-sectional shape on the side facing the guide element. Then the guide element can serve to close the guide box and thus to prevent the flow through the quenching chamber from this side without any further structural design. This in turn further reduces the flow resistance in the cooling gas circuit and thus increases the homogeneity of the cooling temperature and the cooling rate of the workpieces.
  • heat exchangers mean not only individual heat exchangers, but also heat exchanger packages, as are also common in such devices.
  • blower also refers to blowers in the power range from 1 KW to 1 MW, including high-performance blowers.
  • the device according to the invention consists of a cylindrical, single-walled, horizontal housing 1, on at least one of the end faces, not shown here, a door or a slide for closing is provided.
  • the quenching chamber 2 Centrally within the housing 1 is the quenching chamber 2, which is delimited on its two long sides by baffles 3 and 4. Two laterally arranged support strips are provided in the quenching chamber 2, onto which the workpieces to be quenched are placed. These support strips allow a maximum flow cross section to the workpieces.
  • the quenching chamber itself is dimensioned so that it encloses the workpieces to be quenched as tightly as possible.
  • the drive motors 7 and 8 (only partially visible) of which are connected directly to the housing 1 via gas-tight flange connections.
  • the drive shafts of the two fans are aligned with each other.
  • the impellers of the high-performance blowers 5 and 6 are labeled 9 and 10.
  • the fans 5 and 6 are designed as high-performance fans.
  • a ring heat exchanger 11 and 12 is attached around the impellers 9 and 10. These ring heat exchangers can be constructed in one or more parts, round or crescent-shaped. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the ring heat exchangers are in four parts built up.
  • a baffle housing, not shown here, is arranged around the ring heat exchanger for guiding the cooling gas with low pressure losses.
  • Each guide device 17 and 18 is provided over the entire width and length of the quenching chamber.
  • Each guide device 17 and 18 consists of a guide box 19 and 20 and an associated guide element 21 and 22.
  • the guide elements 21 and 22 are V-shaped in cross section and are rigidly attached to the inside of the housing 1.
  • Each guide box 19 and 20 has closed side walls 23 and 24. Parallel and perpendicular to the side walls 23 and 24, guide plates 25 are arranged in each guide box 19 and 20, so that honeycomb-like rectangular guide channels 26 ( Figure 2 ) for the cooling gas.
  • the guide plates 25 are designed so that they have a cross section ( Figure 1 ) correspond to the shape of the guide elements 21 and 22.
  • Both guide boxes 19 and 20 are connected to each other by side connecting struts 27 and 28. These connecting struts are arranged in such a way that they allow an almost lossless flow connection from the quenching chamber to the intake tracts 13 and 14.
  • a traversing device not shown, allows the two guide boxes to be moved, as will be explained further below.
  • Figure 2 showed a perspective longitudinal section through the device according to the invention.
  • the structure and arrangement of the guide channels 26 can be seen very clearly and, on the other hand, one of the four suction openings 29 of the suction tract 14. It is located above the quenching chamber 2. Another invisible suction opening is located below the quenching chamber.
  • the intake tract 13 has corresponding intake openings.
  • the quenching chamber 2 is loaded through the front opening using an external device with a batch of workpieces that have previously been heated and optionally carburized in a separate device.
  • the quenching chamber 2 is unloaded either through the front opening or through a rear opening if it is a continuous quenching chamber.
  • the cooling gas flows through the quenching chamber from bottom to top. This is indicated by a flow arrow 31.
  • the guide device 17 is in its upper end position, ie the upper guide box 19 rests on its guide element 21. As a result, its guide channels 26 are closed and therefore cannot be flowed through.
  • the lower guide box 20 is spaced apart from its guide element 22 so that flow can flow freely through its guide channels 26. Due to this position of the two guide elements 17 and 18, the two upper suction openings 29 are released to the two suction tracts 13 and 14, while the side walls 23 and 24 of the lower guide box 20 close the two lower suction openings 29.
  • the cooling gas heated by the hot workpieces in the quenching chamber is divided into two partial streams through the two upper suction openings 29 and sucked in, led to the two high-performance fans 5 and 6 and pressed radially by them through the ring heat exchangers 11 and 12, whereby it cools down becomes. It then flows through the spiral guide housing running around the ring heat exchangers 11 and 12 and is deflected via the guide element 22 through the lower guide box 20 from below into the quenching chamber 2. The two partial flows of the cooling gas are brought together again in front of and in the guide box 20.
  • the guide channels 26 align the flow of the cooling gas vertically again.
  • the traversing device for the both control boxes 19 and 20 activated. This moves the guide boxes from their upper position ( Figure 1 , 2 , 3a ) via a middle position ( Figure 3b ), in which both guide boxes are removed from their guide elements, to the lower position ( Figure 3c ). In this position, the guide channels 26 in the lower guide box 20 are closed by the guide element 22. At the same time, the upper suction openings 29 are closed by the side walls 23 and 24 of the upper guide box 19, while the lower suction openings 29 are opened to the suction tracts 13 and 14. Since the upper guide box 19 is now positioned away from its guide element 21, the guide channels 26 in this guide box 19 are open.
  • the cooling gas now flows via the two lower intake openings 29 into the intake tracts 13 and 14. From here it flows further via the impellers 9 and 10 of the high-performance blowers 5 and 6 radially through the ring heat exchangers 11 and 12. Flows over the spiral guide housings the now re-cooled cooling gas now vertically downwards through the quenching chamber 2, after the two partial flows have previously been deflected through the guide element 21 and guided together and directed through the guide channels 26 in the guide box 19. This is in Figure 3c represented by the flow arrow 32.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
EP16766466.3A 2015-09-09 2016-07-15 Vorrichtung zur behandlung von metallischen werkstücken mit kühlgas Active EP3397782B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015011504.9A DE102015011504A1 (de) 2015-09-09 2015-09-09 Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von metallischen Werkstücken mit Kühlgas
PCT/DE2016/000276 WO2017041774A1 (de) 2015-09-09 2016-07-15 Vorrichtung zur behandlung von metallischen werkstücken mit kühlgas

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3397782A1 EP3397782A1 (de) 2018-11-07
EP3397782B1 true EP3397782B1 (de) 2023-11-15

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EP16766466.3A Active EP3397782B1 (de) 2015-09-09 2016-07-15 Vorrichtung zur behandlung von metallischen werkstücken mit kühlgas

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US10934599B2 (pl)
EP (1) EP3397782B1 (pl)
CN (1) CN108026599A (pl)
DE (1) DE102015011504A1 (pl)
PL (1) PL3397782T3 (pl)
WO (1) WO2017041774A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015011504A1 (de) * 2015-09-09 2017-03-09 Ipsen International Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von metallischen Werkstücken mit Kühlgas
DE102017103011A1 (de) 2017-02-15 2018-08-16 Gkn Sinter Metals Engineering Gmbh Kühlmodul eines Durchlaufsinterofens
DE102018220304B3 (de) * 2018-11-27 2019-10-31 Audi Ag Abschreckvorrichtung mit Chargiergestell und Chargiergestell
DE102019122286B4 (de) 2019-08-20 2024-09-19 Kumovis GmbH 3D-Drucker zum 3D-Druck von Kunststoffen für medizinische Anwendungen
CN113355499B (zh) * 2021-06-10 2021-12-17 久安特材科技(南通)有限公司 一种用于特种钢材的风冷快速回火装置

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FR2701096B1 (fr) * 1993-02-04 1995-03-24 Bmi Fours Ind Four de traitement thermique sous vide à vitesse élevée du courant de gaz de refroidissement.
EP0754768B1 (de) 1995-07-21 2001-06-13 Ipsen International GmbH Ofen zur Wärmebehandlung von Chargen metallischer Werkstücke
DE10038782C1 (de) * 2000-08-09 2001-09-06 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abkühlen, insbesondere zum Abschrecken und Härten von metallischen Werkstücken
DE10044362C2 (de) * 2000-09-08 2002-09-12 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Verfahren und Ofenanlage zum Vergüten einer Charge von Werkstücken aus Stahl
DE10210952B4 (de) * 2002-03-13 2007-02-15 Ald Vacuum Technologies Ag Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von metallischen Werkstücken mit Kühlgas
WO2005001360A1 (ja) * 2003-06-27 2005-01-06 Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co. Ltd. ガス冷却式真空熱処理炉およびその冷却ガス方向切替え装置
JP4280981B2 (ja) * 2003-06-27 2009-06-17 株式会社Ｉｈｉ 真空熱処理炉の冷却ガス風路切替え装置
CN100483058C (zh) * 2004-09-16 2009-04-29 石川岛播磨重工业株式会社 真空热处理炉的冷却气体风路切换装置
DE102004051546A1 (de) 2004-10-22 2006-05-04 Ald Vacuum Technologies Ag Verfahren zum verzugsarmen Härten von metallischen Bauteilen
JP2011231969A (ja) * 2010-04-27 2011-11-17 Ihi Corp 熱処理炉
FR2981665B1 (fr) * 2011-10-21 2013-11-01 Ecm Technologies Cellule de trempe
JP5779087B2 (ja) * 2011-12-28 2015-09-16 株式会社Ihi 真空熱処理装置
WO2013150488A1 (en) 2012-04-05 2013-10-10 Tek-Mak S.R.L. Cooling apparatus
FR3001229B1 (fr) 2013-01-23 2015-10-30 Ecm Technologies Cellule de trempe sous gaz
DE102015011504A1 (de) * 2015-09-09 2017-03-09 Ipsen International Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von metallischen Werkstücken mit Kühlgas

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US10934599B2 (en) 2021-03-02
EP3397782A1 (de) 2018-11-07
CN108026599A (zh) 2018-05-11
DE102015011504A1 (de) 2017-03-09
PL3397782T3 (pl) 2024-04-15
US20200208232A1 (en) 2020-07-02
WO2017041774A1 (de) 2017-03-16

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