EP3395638B1 - Transport vehicle and method for evacuating such a transport vehicle - Google Patents

Transport vehicle and method for evacuating such a transport vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3395638B1
EP3395638B1 EP18166948.2A EP18166948A EP3395638B1 EP 3395638 B1 EP3395638 B1 EP 3395638B1 EP 18166948 A EP18166948 A EP 18166948A EP 3395638 B1 EP3395638 B1 EP 3395638B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor
passage opening
emergency
vehicle according
trap door
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EP18166948.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3395638A1 (en
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Etienne FEGER
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SNCF Mobilites
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SNCF Mobilites
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D1/00—Carriages for ordinary railway passenger traffic
    • B61D1/06—Carriages for ordinary railway passenger traffic with multiple deck arrangement

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of transport vehicles and, more particularly, an emergency exit for a transport vehicle comprising several stages.
  • a so-called “duplex” railway vehicle comprises a plurality of cars each comprising a lower stage and an upper stage. Each floor has a plurality of seats intended for travelers.
  • each of the central cars generally comprises an upper stage comprising, at each end, an evacuation route to the upper floor of the adjacent car or to the lower floor of the same car.
  • These conventional evacuation routes can thus be used easily during an emergency evacuation.
  • the upper stage has a first end allowing evacuation and a second blind end.
  • safety standards notably European, require that another escape route be provided within 16 meters of the position of the traveler. Also, there is an escape route near the second blind end.
  • a so-called “duplex” railway vehicle comprises at least one window 91, the glazing of which can be broken by means of a hammer housed in a housing 92 located in the vicinity of the window 91. Since the window 91 is located several meters from the ground, there is also provided in the vicinity of the window 91 a rope ladder housed in a housing 93 which can be deployed through the window 91 to help travelers evacuate the vehicle and reach the ground smoothly.
  • a so-called “duplex” railway vehicle comprises at least one window 91, the glazing of which can be broken by means of a hammer housed in a housing 92 located in the vicinity of the window 91. Since the window 91 is located several meters from the ground, there is also provided in the vicinity of the window 91 a rope ladder housed in a housing 93 which can be deployed through the window 91 to help travelers evacuate the vehicle and reach the ground smoothly.
  • Such an emergency evacuation system creates significant constraints on the layout of the upper floor of the railway vehicle.
  • the emergency evacuation of the upper floor of a rail vehicle is not optimal since the traveler has to perform many steps before being able to descend (grab the hammer, break the window glass, deploy the ladder, go through the window and go down the ladder, etc.).
  • the completion of the various stages is all the more difficult as it is carried out in a context of stress.
  • the use of a rope ladder is difficult for travelers who are not very athletic or subject to dizziness, which slows down the evacuation supposed to take place in an emergency.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a new emergency evacuation system for a transport vehicle comprising several stages.
  • the patent application DE19744124A1 teaches several embodiments of a railway vehicle comprising two stages with an emergency exit formed in an oblique portion of a bottom wall of the upper stage.
  • the patent application DE102013101928A1 teaches a two-level rail vehicle, the horizontal floor of which has a ramp that swivels downward.
  • the invention relates to a transport vehicle according to claim 1.
  • the vehicle is remarkable in that the floor has at least one passage opening closed by an emergency hatch adapted to allow the evacuation of at least one traveler located on the upper floor to the lower floor.
  • a traveler can evacuate the upper floor in a practical and rapid manner.
  • the emergency hatch is easily accessible and allows a traveler to access the lower floor in order to evacuate the vehicle in the traditional way.
  • the risk of a traveler falling is advantageously reduced since the maximum height to descend is 2m.
  • the emergency hatch is hinged to the floor between an open position and a closed position. Such an emergency hatch is easy to move by a single traveler.
  • the emergency hatch is adapted to extend into the upper floor in the open position so as not to disturb the descent of the travelers via the passage opening.
  • the floor has a grip bar mounted in the passage opening. So travelers get help getting upstairs inferior.
  • the grip bar remains hidden when the emergency hatch is closed.
  • the passage opening has a length greater than 45 cm and a width greater than 45 cm so that a traveler has sufficient space to descend.
  • the upper floor extends longitudinally and has a first access end to the lower floor and a second blind end in which the emergency hatch is located.
  • a traveler thus always has an emergency exit near his position on the upper floor.
  • Such a configuration can in particular be implemented in a leading car or a tail car of a railway vehicle comprising several cars.
  • the emergency hatch includes locking means so as to avoid any unexpected opening.
  • the locking means are connected to release means, preferably manual.
  • the lower floor comprises equipment located under the passage opening so as to form a support zone for the traveler during evacuation.
  • equipment located under the passage opening so as to form a support zone for the traveler during evacuation.
  • the distance between the passage opening and the support zone is less than 150 cm.
  • the descent of a traveler is easy even for a not very athletic traveler, a traveler of small size, in particular a child, or a traveler subject to vertigo.
  • the transport vehicle is a rail vehicle.
  • a traveler can evacuate the upper floor quickly and without pain.
  • a railway vehicle according to the invention of the duplex type comprising a lower stage E1 and an upper stage E2 separated by a horizontal floor 7.
  • the railway vehicle extends along a longitudinal axis X.
  • the upper stage E2 is a blind stage, that is to say, comprising an access only from one end.
  • Each floor E1, E2 has seats for travelers.
  • the floor 7 has a passage opening 70 closed by an emergency hatch 4 adapted to allow the evacuation of at least one traveler located on the upper floor E2 to the lower floor E1.
  • an emergency hatch 4 is particularly advantageous for an upper stage E2 which is blind since it makes it possible to form an escape route in the event that the conventional access would not be operational (fire, etc.).
  • the central cars When a vehicle has several cars, the central cars generally have an upper crossing floor offering several escape routes.
  • An emergency hatch 4 provides an additional escape route.
  • the upper stage E2 has a first access end to the lower stage and a second blind end in which the emergency hatch 4 is located.
  • the passage opening 70 has a square shape but it goes without saying that other shapes could be suitable (rectangular, circular, etc.).
  • the emergency hatch 4 has a main body 40 which is adapted to cooperate by complementary shapes with the passage opening 70 so as to ensure the continuity of the floor 7 in the closed position.
  • the passage opening 70 has a length greater than 45 cm and a width greater than 45 cm.
  • the emergency hatch 4 is articulated to the floor 7 between an open position and a position closed by a hinge.
  • the emergency hatch 4 is articulated to the floor 7 along a lateral axis of articulation Y which extends orthogonally to the axis X along which the vehicle extends.
  • Such an articulation is advantageous because it makes it possible to limit the size of the emergency hatch 4 on the upper floor E2 as well as the layout constraints.
  • the emergency hatch 4 is able to open at 180 ° as illustrated in the figure 2 but it goes without saying that the opening could be reduced, in particular to 90 °.
  • the emergency hatch 4 has a handle (not shown) to facilitate its handling by a traveler.
  • the emergency hatch 4 is adapted to extend on the side of the upper stage E2 in the open position so as not to clutter the lower stage E1 in the event of evacuation.
  • the emergency hatch 4 comprises locking means (not shown) configured to prevent the emergency hatch 4 from being opened unexpectedly.
  • the upper stage E2 comprises release means 6 configured to unlock the locking means.
  • the locking means are in the form of a lock adapted to prevent articulation while the release means 6 are in the form of a lever capable of inactivating the lock.
  • the release could be actuated remotely mechanically, electrically or wirelessly, for example, from a railway vehicle space reserved for the controller.
  • the floor 7 comprises a gripping bar 5 mounted in the opening 70 in order to provide assistance to travelers during evacuation.
  • the gripping bar 5 extends along the axis of articulation Y of the emergency hatch 4 and extends at one end of the opening 70 so as not to reduce the space available for the passage.
  • the gripping bar 5 also fulfills a support function for the emergency hatch 4 in the closed state.
  • the main body 40 of the emergency hatch 4 has an imprint 41 adapted to cooperate by complementary shapes with the gripping bar 5 as illustrated in the figure 2 .
  • the lower stage E1 comprises equipment 8 located under the passage opening 70 so as to form a support zone S for the traveler during evacuation.
  • a seat 8 is positioned under the passage opening 70 so that the upper part of the seat 8, in particular the headrest of the seat 8, forms a support zone S for travelers during evacuation .
  • the distance h between the passage opening 70 and the support area S is less than 150 cm in order to facilitate evacuation.
  • the support area S is in the form of a cavity so as to form a recess in which can be accommodated the foot of a traveler during the descent.
  • a foldable ladder for assisting in the descent
  • an inflatable slide for assisting in the descent
  • a transport vehicle comprising two stages has been presented, but it goes without saying that the invention applies to a vehicle comprising more than two stages.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Emergency Lowering Means (AREA)

Description

DOMAINE TECHNIQUE GENERAL ET ART ANTERIEURGENERAL TECHNICAL AREA AND PRIOR ART

La présente invention concerne le domaine des véhicules de transport et, plus particulièrement, une sortie de secours pour un véhicule de transport comportant plusieurs étages.The present invention relates to the field of transport vehicles and, more particularly, an emergency exit for a transport vehicle comprising several stages.

Un véhicule ferroviaire dit « duplex » comprend une pluralité de voitures comprenant chacune un étage inférieur et un étage supérieur. Chaque étage comporte une pluralité de sièges destinés à des voyageurs. De manière connue, chacune des voitures centrales comprend généralement un étage supérieur comportant, à chaque extrémité, une voie d'évacuation vers l'étage supérieur de la voiture adjacente ou vers l'étage inférieur de la même voiture. Ces voies d'évacuation conventionnelles peuvent ainsi être utilisées aisément lors d'une évacuation de secours. En ce qui concerne la voiture de tête et la voiture de queue, l'étage supérieur comporte une première extrémité permettant l'évacuation et une deuxième extrémité borgne.A so-called “duplex” railway vehicle comprises a plurality of cars each comprising a lower stage and an upper stage. Each floor has a plurality of seats intended for travelers. In known manner, each of the central cars generally comprises an upper stage comprising, at each end, an evacuation route to the upper floor of the adjacent car or to the lower floor of the same car. These conventional evacuation routes can thus be used easily during an emergency evacuation. With regard to the lead car and the tail car, the upper stage has a first end allowing evacuation and a second blind end.

Afin de permettre une évacuation de secours en cas d'incendie ou d'accident depuis une voiture de tête ou une voiture de queue, les normes de sécurité, notamment européennes, imposent de prévoir une autre voie d'évacuation à moins de 16 mètres de la position du voyageur. Aussi, il est prévu une voie d'évacuation à proximité de la deuxième extrémité borgne.In order to allow emergency evacuation in the event of a fire or accident from a leading car or a tail car, safety standards, notably European, require that another escape route be provided within 16 meters of the position of the traveler. Also, there is an escape route near the second blind end.

En référence à la figure 1, à l'extrémité borgne d'un étage supérieur, un véhicule ferroviaire dit « duplex » comporte au moins une fenêtre 91 dont le vitrage peut être brisé au moyen d'un marteau logé dans un boîtier 92 situé au voisinage de la fenêtre 91. Etant donné que la fenêtre 91 se situe à plusieurs mètres du sol, il est également prévu au voisinage de la fenêtre 91 une échelle de corde logée dans un boîtier 93 qui peut être déployée à travers la fenêtre 91 pour aider les voyageurs à évacuer le véhicule et à atteindre le sol sans encombre. Un tel système d'évacuation de secours engendre des contraintes importantes d'aménagement de l'étage supérieur du véhicule ferroviaire. Par ailleurs, l'évacuation de secours de l'étage supérieur d'un véhicule ferroviaire n'est pas optimale étant donné que le voyageur doit réaliser de nombreuses étapes avant de pouvoir descendre (saisir le marteau, briser le vitrage de la fenêtre, déployer l'échelle, passer par la fenêtre et descendre à l'échelle, etc.). La réalisation des différentes étapes est d'autant plus difficile qu'elle est réalisée dans un contexte de stress. En outre, l'utilisation d'une échelle de corde est difficile pour les voyageurs peu athlétiques ou sujets au vertige, ce qui ralentit l'évacuation censée se dérouler en urgence. Enfin, il existe un risque qu'un voyageur chute lors de la descente.With reference to the figure 1 , at the blind end of an upper floor, a so-called “duplex” railway vehicle comprises at least one window 91, the glazing of which can be broken by means of a hammer housed in a housing 92 located in the vicinity of the window 91. Since the window 91 is located several meters from the ground, there is also provided in the vicinity of the window 91 a rope ladder housed in a housing 93 which can be deployed through the window 91 to help travelers evacuate the vehicle and reach the ground smoothly. Such an emergency evacuation system creates significant constraints on the layout of the upper floor of the railway vehicle. In addition, the emergency evacuation of the upper floor of a rail vehicle is not optimal since the traveler has to perform many steps before being able to descend (grab the hammer, break the window glass, deploy the ladder, go through the window and go down the ladder, etc.). The completion of the various stages is all the more difficult as it is carried out in a context of stress. In addition, the use of a rope ladder is difficult for travelers who are not very athletic or subject to dizziness, which slows down the evacuation supposed to take place in an emergency. Finally, there is a risk that a traveler may fall during the descent.

L'invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un nouveau système d'évacuation de secours pour un véhicule de transport comprenant plusieurs étages.The object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a new emergency evacuation system for a transport vehicle comprising several stages.

La demande de brevet DE19744124A1 enseigne plusieurs formes de réalisation d'un véhicule ferroviaire comportant deux étages avec une issue de secours formée dans une portion oblique d'une paroi de fond de l'étage supérieur.The patent application DE19744124A1 teaches several embodiments of a railway vehicle comprising two stages with an emergency exit formed in an oblique portion of a bottom wall of the upper stage.

La demande de brevet DE102013101928A1 enseigne un véhicule ferroviaire à deux niveaux dont le plancher horizontal comporte une rampe pivotante vers le bas.The patent application DE102013101928A1 teaches a two-level rail vehicle, the horizontal floor of which has a ramp that swivels downward.

PRESENTATION GENERALE DE L'INVENTIONGENERAL PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un véhicule de transport selon la revendication 1.To this end, the invention relates to a transport vehicle according to claim 1.

Le véhicule est remarquable en ce que le plancher comporte au moins une ouverture de passage fermée par une trappe de secours adaptée pour permettre l'évacuation d'au moins un voyageur situé à l'étage supérieur vers l'étage inférieur.The vehicle is remarkable in that the floor has at least one passage opening closed by an emergency hatch adapted to allow the evacuation of at least one traveler located on the upper floor to the lower floor.

Grâce à l'invention, un voyageur peut évacuer l'étage supérieur de manière pratique et rapide. La trappe de secours est aisément accessible et permet à un voyageur d'accéder à l'étage inférieur afin d'évacuer le véhicule de manière traditionnelle. Le risque de chute d'un voyageur est avantageusement diminué étant donné que la hauteur maximale à descendre est de 2m.Thanks to the invention, a traveler can evacuate the upper floor in a practical and rapid manner. The emergency hatch is easily accessible and allows a traveler to access the lower floor in order to evacuate the vehicle in the traditional way. The risk of a traveler falling is advantageously reduced since the maximum height to descend is 2m.

La trappe de secours est articulée au plancher entre une position ouverte et une position fermée. Une telle trappe de secours est simple à déplacer par un unique voyageur.The emergency hatch is hinged to the floor between an open position and a closed position. Such an emergency hatch is easy to move by a single traveler.

La trappe de secours est adaptée pour s'étendre dans l'étage supérieur en position ouverte de manière à ne pas perturber la descente des voyageurs via l'ouverture de passage.The emergency hatch is adapted to extend into the upper floor in the open position so as not to disturb the descent of the travelers via the passage opening.

Le plancher comporte une barre de préhension montée dans l'ouverture de passage. Ainsi, les voyageurs bénéficient d'une aide pour atteindre l'étage inférieur. De manière avantageuse, la barre de préhension demeure cachée lorsque la trappe de secours est fermée.The floor has a grip bar mounted in the passage opening. So travelers get help getting upstairs inferior. Advantageously, the grip bar remains hidden when the emergency hatch is closed.

De préférence, l'ouverture de passage possède une longueur supérieure à 45 cm et une largeur supérieure à 45 cm de manière à ce qu'un voyageur dispose de suffisamment d'espace pour descendre.Preferably, the passage opening has a length greater than 45 cm and a width greater than 45 cm so that a traveler has sufficient space to descend.

Selon un aspect, l'étage supérieur s'étend longitudinalement et comporte une première extrémité d'accès à l'étage inférieur et une deuxième extrémité borgne dans laquelle est située la trappe de secours. Un voyageur dispose ainsi toujours d'une sortie de secours à proximité de sa position à l'étage supérieur. Une telle configuration peut notamment être mise en oeuvre dans une voiture de tête ou une voiture de queue d'un véhicule ferroviaire comportant plusieurs voitures.According to one aspect, the upper floor extends longitudinally and has a first access end to the lower floor and a second blind end in which the emergency hatch is located. A traveler thus always has an emergency exit near his position on the upper floor. Such a configuration can in particular be implemented in a leading car or a tail car of a railway vehicle comprising several cars.

De préférence, la trappe de secours comporte des moyens de verrouillage de manière à éviter toute ouverture inopinée. Selon un aspect préféré, les moyens de verrouillage sont reliés à des moyens de libération, de préférence, manuelle.Preferably, the emergency hatch includes locking means so as to avoid any unexpected opening. According to a preferred aspect, the locking means are connected to release means, preferably manual.

De manière préférée, l'étage inférieur comprend un équipement situé sous l'ouverture de passage de manière à former une zone d'appui pour le voyageur lors de l'évacuation. Un tel agencement est particulièrement avantageux étant donné qu'il permet au voyageur de descendre de manière graduelle en disposant d'un appui intermédiaire avant d'atteindre le plancher de l'étage inférieur.Preferably, the lower floor comprises equipment located under the passage opening so as to form a support zone for the traveler during evacuation. Such an arrangement is particularly advantageous since it allows the traveler to descend gradually with an intermediate support before reaching the floor of the lower floor.

De préférence, la distance entre l'ouverture de passage et la zone d'appui est inférieure à 150 cm. La descente d'un voyageur est aisée même pour un voyageur peu athlétique, un voyageur de petit gabarit, notamment un enfant, ou un voyageur sujet au vertige.Preferably, the distance between the passage opening and the support zone is less than 150 cm. The descent of a traveler is easy even for a not very athletic traveler, a traveler of small size, in particular a child, or a traveler subject to vertigo.

De manière préférée, le véhicule de transport est un véhicule ferroviaire.Preferably, the transport vehicle is a rail vehicle.

L'invention concerne également un procédé d'évacuation d'un véhicule de transport tel que présenté précédemment, au moins un voyageur étant situé à l'étage supérieur, le procédé comprenant :

  • une étape d'ouverture de la trappe de secours par le voyageur de manière à découvrir l'ouverture de passage, et
  • une étape de déplacement du voyageur à l'étage inférieur par ladite ouverture de passage.
The invention also relates to a method for evacuating a transport vehicle as presented above, at least one traveler being located on the upper floor, the method comprising:
  • a step of opening the emergency hatch by the traveler so as to uncover the passage opening, and
  • a step of moving the traveler to the lower floor through said passage opening.

Grâce au procédé d'évacuation selon l'invention, un voyageur peut évacuer l'étage supérieur de manière rapide et sans pénibilité.Thanks to the evacuation method according to the invention, a traveler can evacuate the upper floor quickly and without pain.

PRESENTATION DES FIGURESPRESENTATION OF THE FIGURES

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre, donnée uniquement à titre d'exemple, et se référant aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une représentation schématique en perspective d'un système d'évacuation d'un étage supérieur d'un véhicule ferroviaire selon l'art antérieur,
  • la figure 2 est une représentation schématique en perspective d'un système d'évacuation d'un étage supérieur d'un véhicule ferroviaire selon l'invention, et
  • la figure 3 est une représentation schématique en coupe d'un système d'évacuation d'un étage supérieur d'un véhicule ferroviaire selon l'invention.
The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example, and referring to the appended drawings in which:
  • the figure 1 is a schematic perspective representation of an evacuation system from an upper stage of a railway vehicle according to the prior art,
  • the figure 2 is a schematic perspective representation of an evacuation system from an upper stage of a railway vehicle according to the invention, and
  • the figure 3 is a schematic sectional representation of an evacuation system from an upper stage of a railway vehicle according to the invention.

Il faut noter que les figures exposent l'invention de manière détaillée pour mettre en oeuvre l'invention, lesdites figures pouvant bien entendu servir à mieux définir l'invention le cas échéant.It should be noted that the figures show the invention in detail to implement the invention, said figures can of course be used to better define the invention if necessary.

DESCRIPTION D'UN OU PLUSIEURS MODES DE REALISATION ET DE MISE EN OEUVREDESCRIPTION OF ONE OR MORE MODES OF IMPLEMENTATION AND IMPLEMENTATION

En référence aux figures 2 et 3, il est représenté un véhicule ferroviaire selon l'invention du type duplex comprenant un étage inférieur E1 et un étage supérieur E2 séparés par un plancher horizontal 7. Le véhicule ferroviaire s'étend selon un axe longitudinal X. Dans cet exemple, en référence à la figure 3, l'étage supérieur E2 est un étage borgne, c'est-à-dire, ne comprenant un accès que depuis une extrémité. Chaque étage E1, E2 comporte des sièges pour voyageurs.With reference to figures 2 and 3 , a railway vehicle according to the invention of the duplex type is shown comprising a lower stage E1 and an upper stage E2 separated by a horizontal floor 7. The railway vehicle extends along a longitudinal axis X. In this example, with reference to the figure 3 , the upper stage E2 is a blind stage, that is to say, comprising an access only from one end. Each floor E1, E2 has seats for travelers.

Selon l'invention, le plancher 7 comporte une ouverture de passage 70 fermée par une trappe de secours 4 adaptée pour permettre l'évacuation d'au moins un voyageur situé à l'étage supérieur E2 vers l'étage inférieur E1. Une telle trappe de secours 4 est particulièrement avantageuse pour un étage supérieur E2 qui est borgne étant donné qu'elle permet de former une voie d'évacuation dans l'hypothèse où l'accès conventionnel ne serait pas opérationnel (incendie, etc.). Lorsqu'un véhicule comporte plusieurs voitures, les voitures centrales comportent généralement un étage supérieur traversant offrant plusieurs voies d'évacuation.According to the invention, the floor 7 has a passage opening 70 closed by an emergency hatch 4 adapted to allow the evacuation of at least one traveler located on the upper floor E2 to the lower floor E1. Such an emergency hatch 4 is particularly advantageous for an upper stage E2 which is blind since it makes it possible to form an escape route in the event that the conventional access would not be operational (fire, etc.). When a vehicle has several cars, the central cars generally have an upper crossing floor offering several escape routes.

Une trappe de secours 4 offre une voie d'évacuation supplémentaire. En ce qui concerne la voiture de tête et la voiture de queue, l'étage supérieur E2 comporte une première extrémité d'accès à l'étage inférieur et une deuxième extrémité borgne dans laquelle est située la trappe de secours 4.An emergency hatch 4 provides an additional escape route. With regard to the lead car and the tail car, the upper stage E2 has a first access end to the lower stage and a second blind end in which the emergency hatch 4 is located.

En référence à la figure 2, l'ouverture de passage 70 possède une forme carrée mais il va de soi que d'autres formes pourraient convenir (rectangulaire, circulaire, etc.). La trappe de secours 4 comporte un corps principal 40 qui est adapté pour coopérer par complémentarité de formes avec l'ouverture de passage 70 de manière assurer la continuité du plancher 7 en position fermée. De préférence, l'ouverture de passage 70 possède une longueur supérieure à 45 cm et une largeur supérieure à 45 cm.With reference to the figure 2 , the passage opening 70 has a square shape but it goes without saying that other shapes could be suitable (rectangular, circular, etc.). The emergency hatch 4 has a main body 40 which is adapted to cooperate by complementary shapes with the passage opening 70 so as to ensure the continuity of the floor 7 in the closed position. Preferably, the passage opening 70 has a length greater than 45 cm and a width greater than 45 cm.

La trappe de secours 4 est articulée au plancher 7 entre une position ouverte et une position fermée par une charnière. De manière préférée, la trappe de secours 4 est articulée au plancher 7 selon un axe latéral d'articulation Y qui s'étend orthogonalement à l'axe X selon lequel s'étend le véhicule. Une telle articulation est avantageuse car elle permet de limiter l'encombrement de la trappe de secours 4 à l'étage supérieur E2 ainsi que les contraintes d'aménagement. Dans cette forme de réalisation, la trappe de secours 4 est apte à s'ouvrir à 180° comme illustré à la figure 2 mais il va de soi que l'ouverture pourrait être réduite, notamment à 90°. De manière préférée, la trappe de secours 4 comporte une poignée (non représentée) pour faciliter sa manipulation par un voyageur.The emergency hatch 4 is articulated to the floor 7 between an open position and a position closed by a hinge. Preferably, the emergency hatch 4 is articulated to the floor 7 along a lateral axis of articulation Y which extends orthogonally to the axis X along which the vehicle extends. Such an articulation is advantageous because it makes it possible to limit the size of the emergency hatch 4 on the upper floor E2 as well as the layout constraints. In this embodiment, the emergency hatch 4 is able to open at 180 ° as illustrated in the figure 2 but it goes without saying that the opening could be reduced, in particular to 90 °. Preferably, the emergency hatch 4 has a handle (not shown) to facilitate its handling by a traveler.

De manière préférée, la trappe de secours 4 est adaptée pour s'étendre du côté de l'étage supérieur E2 en position ouverte pour ne pas encombrer l'étage inférieur E1 en cas d'évacuation.Preferably, the emergency hatch 4 is adapted to extend on the side of the upper stage E2 in the open position so as not to clutter the lower stage E1 in the event of evacuation.

De manière préférée, la trappe de secours 4 comporte des moyens de verrouillage (non représentés) configurés pour empêcher l'ouverture de la trappe de secours 4 de manière inopinée. En référence à la figure 2, l'étage supérieur E2 comporte des moyens de libération 6 configurés pour déverrouiller les moyens de blocage. A titre d'exemple, les moyens de verrouillage se présentent sous la forme d'une serrure adaptée pour empêcher l'articulation tandis que les moyens de libération 6 se présentent sous la forme d'une manette apte à inactiver la serrure. Ainsi, il suffit à un voyageur de tirer sur la manette pour autoriser l'ouverture de la trappe de secours 4. Il va de soi que la libération pourrait être actionnée à distance de manière mécanique, électrique ou sans fil, par exemple, depuis un espace du véhicule ferroviaire réservé au contrôleur.Preferably, the emergency hatch 4 comprises locking means (not shown) configured to prevent the emergency hatch 4 from being opened unexpectedly. With reference to the figure 2 , the upper stage E2 comprises release means 6 configured to unlock the locking means. For example, the locking means are in the form of a lock adapted to prevent articulation while the release means 6 are in the form of a lever capable of inactivating the lock. Thus, it suffices for a traveler to pull the lever to authorize the opening of the emergency hatch 4. It goes without saying that the release could be actuated remotely mechanically, electrically or wirelessly, for example, from a railway vehicle space reserved for the controller.

Toujours en référence à la figure 2, le plancher 7 comporte une barre de préhension 5 montée dans l'ouverture 70 afin de fournir une aide aux voyageurs lors de l'évacuation. De manière préférée, la barre de préhension 5 s'étend selon l'axe d'articulation Y de la trappe de secours 4 et s'étend à une extrémité de l'ouverture 70 de manière à ne pas réduire l'espace disponible pour le passage. De manière avantageuse, la barre de préhension 5 remplit également une fonction de support de la trappe de secours 4 à l'état fermé. A cet effet, le corps principal 40 de la trappe de secours 4 comporte une empreinte 41 adaptée pour coopérer par complémentarité de formes avec la barre de préhension 5 comme illustré à la figure 2.Still referring to the figure 2 , the floor 7 comprises a gripping bar 5 mounted in the opening 70 in order to provide assistance to travelers during evacuation. Preferably, the gripping bar 5 extends along the axis of articulation Y of the emergency hatch 4 and extends at one end of the opening 70 so as not to reduce the space available for the passage. Advantageously, the gripping bar 5 also fulfills a support function for the emergency hatch 4 in the closed state. To this end, the main body 40 of the emergency hatch 4 has an imprint 41 adapted to cooperate by complementary shapes with the gripping bar 5 as illustrated in the figure 2 .

En référence à la figure 3, l'étage inférieur E1 comprend un équipement 8 situé sous l'ouverture de passage 70 de manière à former une zone d'appui S pour le voyageur lors de l'évacuation. Dans cet exemple, un siège 8 est positionné sous l'ouverture de passage 70 de manière à ce que la partie supérieure du siège 8, notamment la têtière du siège 8, forme une zone d'appui S pour les voyageurs lors de l'évacuation. De manière préférée, la distance h entre l'ouverture de passage 70 et la zone d'appui S est inférieure à 150 cm afin de faciliter l'évacuation. Selon un aspect préféré, la zone d'appui S se présente sous la forme d'une cavité de manière à former une niche dans laquelle peut se loger le pied d'un voyageur lors de la descente.With reference to the figure 3 , the lower stage E1 comprises equipment 8 located under the passage opening 70 so as to form a support zone S for the traveler during evacuation. In this example, a seat 8 is positioned under the passage opening 70 so that the upper part of the seat 8, in particular the headrest of the seat 8, forms a support zone S for travelers during evacuation . Preferably, the distance h between the passage opening 70 and the support area S is less than 150 cm in order to facilitate evacuation. According to a preferred aspect, the support area S is in the form of a cavity so as to form a recess in which can be accommodated the foot of a traveler during the descent.

De manière optionnelle, il peut également être prévu d'autres moyens d'aide à la descente, notamment, une échelle pliable, un toboggan gonflable ou analogue.Optionally, other means of assisting in the descent can also be provided, in particular, a foldable ladder, an inflatable slide or the like.

Il va dorénavant être présenté un exemple de mise en oeuvre d'un procédé d'évacuation d'un voyageur situé à l'étage supérieur E2. Dans cet exemple, un incendie s'est déclaré dans l'escalier reliant l'étage inférieur E1 et ne peut pas être utilisé. Pour évacuer, le voyageur titre sur la manette afin de libérer la trappe de secours 4. Le voyageur ouvre la trappe de secours 4 en s'aidant de la poignée. L'ouverture de passage 70 étant découverte, le voyageur peut s'y engouffrer afin de descendre à l'étage inférieur E1. La descente est particulièrement aisée du fait de la présence d'une zone d'appui S sous l'ouverture traversante 70. En outre, la barre de préhension 5 permet d'assurer le voyageur lors de la descente. Une fois situé à l'étage inférieur, le voyageur peut évacuer de manière traditionnelle, notamment, en brisant une fenêtre 1 de l'étage inférieur E1.An example of the implementation of a process for evacuating a traveler located on the upper floor E2 will now be presented. In this example, a fire has broken out on the staircase connecting the lower floor E1 and cannot be used. To evacuate, the traveler checks on the joystick to release the emergency hatch 4. The traveler opens the emergency hatch 4 using the handle. The passage opening 70 being uncovered, the traveler can rush into it in order to descend to the lower floor E1. The descent is particularly easy due to the presence of a support zone S under the through opening 70. In addition, the gripping bar 5 ensures the traveler during the descent. Once located on the lower floor, the traveler can evacuate in the traditional way, in particular by breaking a window 1 of the lower floor E1.

Il a été présenté un véhicule de transport comportant deux étages mais il va de soi que l'invention s'applique à un véhicule comportant plus de deux étages.A transport vehicle comprising two stages has been presented, but it goes without saying that the invention applies to a vehicle comprising more than two stages.

Claims (9)

  1. A transport vehicle comprising at least one lower deck (E1) and at least one upper deck (E2) separated by a horizontal floor (7), the floor (7) including at least one passage opening (70) closed by an emergency trap door (4) adapted for evacuating at least one passenger located at the upper deck (E2) towards the lower deck (E1), the emergency trap door (4) being hinged to the floor (7) between an open position and a closed position, which vehicle is characterised in that the emergency trap door (4) is adapted to extend into the upper deck (E2) in the open position, the floor (7) including a gripping bar (5) mounted into the passage opening (70).
  2. The vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the gripping bar (5) is configured to provide support function for the emergency trap door (4) in the closed state.
  3. The vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the emergency trap door (4) includes a recess (41) adapted to cooperate with the gripping bar (5) through form-fitting.
  4. The vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the passage opening (70) has a length greater than 45cm and a width greater than 45cm.
  5. The vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the emergency trap door (4) includes locking means.
  6. The vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the lower deck (E1) comprises an equipment (8) located under the passage opening (70) so as to form a bearing area (S) for the passenger during evacuation.
  7. The vehicle according to claim 6, wherein the distance (h) between the passage opening (70) and the bearing area (S) is lower than 150cm.
  8. The vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the upper deck (E2) extends longitudinally and includes a first end for accessing the lower deck (E1) and a second, blind, end in which the emergency trap door (4) is located.
  9. A method for evacuating a transport vehicle according to one of claims 1 to 8, at least one passenger being located at the upper deck (E2), the method comprising:
    - a step of opening the emergency trap door (4) by the passenger so as to uncover the passage opening (70), and
    - a step of moving the passenger to the lower deck (E1) through said passage opening (70).
EP18166948.2A 2017-04-27 2018-04-12 Transport vehicle and method for evacuating such a transport vehicle Active EP3395638B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1753691A FR3065698B1 (en) 2017-04-27 2017-04-27 TRANSPORT VEHICLE AND METHOD OF EVACUATING SUCH A TRANSPORT VEHICLE

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EP3395638A1 EP3395638A1 (en) 2018-10-31
EP3395638B1 true EP3395638B1 (en) 2020-05-13

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EP18166948.2A Active EP3395638B1 (en) 2017-04-27 2018-04-12 Transport vehicle and method for evacuating such a transport vehicle

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EP (1) EP3395638B1 (en)
ES (1) ES2816400T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3065698B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3088884B1 (en) * 2018-11-22 2021-08-13 Speedinnov Double-decker rail vehicle, including an emergency evacuation exit
FR3107687B1 (en) * 2020-03-02 2022-03-11 Alstom Transp Tech Rail Vehicle Evacuation Kit
FR3122633B1 (en) * 2021-05-04 2023-05-12 Speedinnov Removable floor system and vehicle comprising such a system

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19744124A1 (en) * 1997-10-07 1999-04-15 Talbot Gmbh & Co Kg Emergency exit for a twin deck passenger railway wagon
DE102013101928A1 (en) * 2013-02-27 2014-08-28 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Railway wagon, particularly multi-storey railway wagon, has actuable locking element that is arranged in floor of upper floor along with opening, where opening in floor of upper floor is closed or opened in selective manner

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3065698B1 (en) 2019-07-05
EP3395638A1 (en) 2018-10-31
FR3065698A1 (en) 2018-11-02
ES2816400T3 (en) 2021-04-05

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