Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
  • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
  • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
  • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
  • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
  • H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
  • H02J3/003—Load forecast, e.g. methods or systems for forecasting future load demand
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of optimizing consumption in a power distribution network.
• Control systems for a device for storing energy of a consumer terminal are known, such as that described in document EP 2928721 A1, in which each battery comprises a local control system configured to establish bidirectional communication with a system. global steering.
• the global control system determines, for each battery, an optimal charge profile, according to the overall power consumption profile envisaged on the power distribution network resulting from individual choice of charging profile specific to each battery emitted iteratively by each local control system for the global flight system.
• the consumer terminal is not always authorized to reinject energy on the network, in particular when the consumer terminal is not a contractual energy producer or when the consumer terminal consumes less energy than it does. 'in product.
• the energy from the discharge of the battery fed back to the network is not counted by the local production meter and can not be remunerated as would be a local production.
• the consumer terminal therefore has no interest in reinjecting the energy stored by the energy storage device on the distribution network.
• An object of the invention is to propose a control system of a local energy storage system (in particular a home battery) capable of controlling the charging and discharging of the local energy storage system to allow modulation. consumption of the consumer terminal, while ensuring the non-injection of power stored by the energy storage device on the distribution network.
• This object is achieved in the context of the present invention by means of a local control system for the charging and discharging of an energy storage device of a consumer terminal powered by a power distribution network.
• consumer terminal comprising: - consumer equipment;
• the local control system comprising:
• a transmitter configured to collect information comprising at least the state of charge of the energy storage device, and the instantaneous power consumed by the consumer equipment;
• a transmitter configured to receive from a global control system a charging or discharging instruction of the energy storage device; the local control system being characterized in that it is configured to define a charge or discharge command to the energy storage device based on:
• the invention makes it possible to avoid the reinjection of electricity into the distribution network in the case where the consumer terminal is not authorized to produce energy, in particular when the consumer terminal is not a contractual producer of electricity. energy or when the consumer terminal consumes less energy than it produces.
• the invention also makes it possible to adapt the charging or discharging setpoint of the local control systems according to the quantity of energy supplied by all the consumer terminals connected to the distribution network.
• the invention makes it possible to adapt the energy consumption to the energy production of a set of consumers according to the quantity of energy supplied by all the consumer terminals connected to the distribution network.
• the invention notably makes it possible to manage energy storage in the event of fluctuating or intermittent energy production (typically in the case of consumer terminals producing photovoltaic or wind energy).
• a consumer terminal is equipped with a circuit breaker configured to disconnect the consumer terminal from the distribution network when the power withdrawn from the distribution network is greater than a subscribed contract maximum power value.
• a circuit breaker configured to disconnect the consumer terminal from the distribution network when the power withdrawn from the distribution network is greater than a subscribed contract maximum power value.
• the instantaneous power consumed by the consumer terminal is the sum of the instantaneous power consumed by the consumer equipment and the charging or discharging power of the energy storage device.
• the charging power is positive when the battery is charging and negative when the battery is discharging.
• the invention is advantageously supplemented by the following characteristics, taken individually or in any of their technically possible combinations.
• the charge or discharge control at a cycle N + 1 being equal to the charge or discharge command at a cycle N, when at the cycle N, the instantaneous power injected into the network by the consumer terminal, defined as the difference between the discharge power of the energy storage device and the instantaneous power consumed by the consumer equipment, was negative or zero; the charge or discharge control of a cycle N + 1 being equal to the charge or discharge command of a cycle N minus the instantaneous power injected into the network by the consumer terminal at the cycle N, when the cycle N the instantaneous power injected into the network by the consumer terminal was positive.
• the charge or discharge command to the energy storage device is defined such that the instantaneous power produced by the local production system is always less than or equal to the sum of the instantaneous power consumed by the consumer equipment. and the charging or discharging power of the energy storage device, to ensure non-reinjection of power into the power distribution network.
• the charge or discharge command to the energy storage device is defined in such a way that the sum of the instantaneous power consumed by the consumer equipment and the charging or discharging power of the energy storage device is always less than or equal to a contract maximum power value.
• the local control system further comprises a user interface configured to display information comprising at least the storage level of the storage device.
• the local control system further comprises an energy meter consumed by the consumer terminal.
• the local control system further comprises an energy meter produced by the local power generation system.
• the charge or discharge setpoint emitted by the global control system is a function of a forecast of sunshine.
• the charge or discharge instruction issued by the global control system is based on a forecast of overall consumption of all the consumer terminals.
• the invention also proposes a system for global control of the charging and discharging of a plurality of energy storage devices of consumer terminals powered by the same energy distribution network, some of the consumer terminals comprising:
• the global control system being configured to:
• the invention also proposes a method for controlling the charging and discharging of an energy storage device of a consumer terminal powered by the same power distribution network, the consumer terminal comprising: consumer equipment; a local energy production system; an energy storage device; the control method comprising a step of defining a charge or discharge command for the energy storage device as a function of: a charge or discharge setpoint transmitted by a global control system; the instantaneous power consumed by the consumer equipment, so that the instantaneous power consumed by the consumer equipment is always greater than the discharge power of the energy storage device, in order to guarantee the non-reinjection of the power stored by the energy storage device on the power distribution network.
• the charge or discharge control is periodically adjusted, the charge or discharge control at one N + 1 cycle being equal to the charge or discharge control at one cycle N, when in cycle N, the instantaneous power injected into the network by the consumer terminal, defined as the difference between the discharge power of the energy storage device and the instantaneous power consumed by the consumer equipment, was negative or zero;
• the charge or discharge control of a cycle N + 1 being equal to the charge or discharge control of a cycle N minus the instantaneous power injected into the network by the consumer terminal at cycle N, when at cycle N the instantaneous power injected into the network by the consumer terminal was positive.
• the invention also proposes a method for controlling the charge and the discharge, of a device for storing energy of a consumer terminal belonging to a plurality of consumer terminals connected to the same energy distribution network.
• consumer terminals comprising: consumer equipment; a local energy production system; an energy storage device; the method further comprising the steps of defining, charging a setpoint or discharging the energy storage device, according to the information received from the various local control systems, transmission of said setpoint to the local control system (6) of said consumer terminal.
• FIG. 1 illustrates a distribution network equipped with a global control system according to the invention
• FIG. 2 illustrates a global control method according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 shows an electric power distribution network 3 comprising:
• a global steering system 7 a plurality of consumer terminals 1 connected to the energy distribution network 3.
• the consumer terminals 1 are typically housings.
• Some consumer terminals 1 comprise:
• consumer equipment 4 such as household electrical appliances
• the local power generation system 2 may in particular be a photovoltaic panel or a wind turbine.
• the energy storage device 5 is a residential battery connected to the electrical network of the housing, whether it is permanently, which is the case of a static battery, or intermittently what is the case of the battery an electric vehicle.
• Each consumer terminal 1 is connected to the power distribution network 3 by a charger / inverter 52.
• the charger / inverter 52 provides both a loader and inverter function and will be called thereafter converter.
• the converter 52 is a bidirectional DC / AC conversion device for connecting the energy storage device 5 which is supplied with direct current to the electrical network of the housing providing an alternating current.
• Loaders 52 with adjustable power by an external control signal must be adapted by the manufacturers to each model of static batteries.
• the batteries of electric vehicles are usually connected to non-inverter chargers, but inverter-chargers adapted to electric vehicles are described for example in the document US 2013/01 13413 A1.
• the consumer terminals 1 comprise an energy meter 32 consumed by the terminal 1, accounting for the power consumed by the terminal 1.
• the power consumed by the terminal 1 may come from either the distribution network 3 or the local production system 2.
• the instantaneous power consumed by the consumer terminal is the sum of the instantaneous power consumed by the consumer equipment 4 and the charging or discharging power of the energy storage device.
• the charging power is positive when the battery is charging and negative when the battery is discharging.
• the power drawn by the energy storage system 5 is directly counted in the power consumed.
• the consumer terminals 1 energy producers further comprise an energy meter 22 produced by the consumer terminal.
• the meters provide in real time (that is, with a measurement cycle of less than 10 seconds) the power produced and consumed by the housing.
• This data is transmitted in real time to the local control system 6 for example via a radio or wired network.
• the local control 6 transmits these data periodically to the global system 7, typically once a day.
• the local energy management system 6 is a microcomputer comprising a microprocessor, a memory, and an input-output interface.
• the local energy management system receives in real time data from the energy meter 32 consumed and / or the energy meter 22 produced by the consumer terminal, as well as control signals from the global management system 7 via for example the internet connection of the housing or its own connection via the mobile telecommunication network.
• the local energy management system transmits load and discharge commands to the loader 52, according to the programs it has developed for local optimization of the energy management at the housing level or in response to a request from the system.
• Global Pilot 7 while integrating local information.
• Each local control system 6 comprises a transmitter 61 configured to communicate with the energy meters 32 and 22 as well as with the converter 52.
• Each local control system 6 further comprises a transmitter 62 configured to communicate with the global control system 7.
• the communication can be carried out by radio, by power line (CPL) or by a dedicated wired network.
• CPL power line
• the charger 52 receives the charge or discharge commands from the energy storage device 5 sent by the local control system 6 for example via a radio or wired network.
• the charger 52 transmits back to the local control system 6 information necessary for local or remote optimization of energy.
• This information comprises at least: the state of charge of the energy storage device 5,
• This information may furthermore comprise: the measurement of the charge power and the discharge of the battery, a state of health of the energy storage device 5,
• the local control systems 6 further comprise a user interface configured to display information comprising at least the charge level of the storage device.
• the global control system 7 in addition to the local optimization of the energy of the dwelling, makes it possible to optimize the energy management of a housing unit.
• the global control system 7 is configured to define, for at least one of the consumer terminals 1, a charging or discharging setpoint of the energy storage device 5, according to the information received from the different local control systems 6, and transmit said set to the local control system 6 of said consumer terminal 1.
• the charging or discharging setpoint defined by the global control system 7 is defined for each consumer terminal 1, so that the response of all the consumer terminals 1 is a global optimum for the management of the network.
• the charge or discharge setpoint defined by the global control system 7 notably takes into account a cumulative increase or decrease in consumption related to the charging or discharging of the local storage systems 5.
• the global control system 7 is configured to define charge or discharge instructions, particularly with the aim of rebalancing the production and consumption of a district, or to reduce a peak of national consumption.
• the global control system 7 can transmit to the various local control systems 6 dynamic energy price information (bought or sold on the network) that the Local algorithm will integrate in its optimization calculation.
• the local control system 6 can take into account the instantaneous power generated by the production counter 22 in order to calculate the net energy injected by the consumer terminal on the network defined as the difference between the production of the consumer terminal and the consumption of the consumer terminal.
• the charging or discharging control of the local control systems 6 is defined so as to modulate the net energy injected into the network for different optimization objectives: maximizing self-consumption, limiting injection into the network, or optimizing energy consumption and sales invoices based on market prices. As illustrated by the case M1 in FIG. 2, the charging or discharging control of the local control systems can in particular be defined so as to minimize the cost of the energy supplied by the electrical network.
• the command of the local control system 6 is a charge command at so-called 'hollow' hours during which the energy taken from the public distribution network is billed at the lowest price, so as to store energy in the battery during off-peak hours.
• the control of the local control system 6 is a discharge control at so-called 'Full' times during which the energy taken from the public distribution network is billed at the highest price, so as to supply the domestic electrical equipment of the dwelling.
• the tariff schedule for peak and off-peak hours may be information transmitted by the global pilot system 7.
• the tariff schedule may also be preprogrammed in the local piloting system 6 if it does not communicate with the piloting system. global 7.
• tariff schedules present daily cycles of energy price change.
• the default mode of battery control is therefore a daily cycle of charging / discharging batteries.
• the global control system 7 optimizes certain special days the energy management of a set of terminals.
• a special days pilot mode Mode Production Surplus Management and Consumer Peak Management Mode replaces in this case the default mode described above.
• the global control system 7 sends information to the local control system 6 which triggers the exit of the default mode.
• This information can be:
• the local control system 6 sends to the global control system 7 information necessary for calculating the global optimum (state of charge of the batteries, history of the curves of charges and discharges) as well as information allowing the monitoring the proper functioning of the individual systems (health of the battery, temperature alarms, disconnection ).
• the global control system can be configured in such a way as to store production surpluses on certain network segments (typically to limit localized increases in voltages and thus avoid the reinforcement of the network or the network. automatic shutdown of production means in case of overvoltage).
• the global pilot system 7 Surpluses are provided by the global pilot system 7 according to the weather (wind and sun) and forecasts of consumption (depending on the day week / weekend, temperature, history of past consumption).
• the global control system 7 sends to the local control systems 6 a setpoint of the load, (which can also be a reduced price signal energy inducing a charge of energy) during the period concerned, determined by the local optimization optimization algorithm of the local control system 6.
• the setpoint is transmitted with sufficient notice (from 24h to a few hours) to allow the discharge of the battery before the expected charging period.
• the global control system can also be configured so as to reduce the consumption of a set of dwellings so as to limit the energy transits on the network (to avoid overloads of lines or transformers), or to limit the appeal to advanced production means that are generally expensive and more polluting).
• Consumption peaks are forecast by the remote platform according to the weather (temperature, wind) and forecasts of consumption (depending on the day week / weekend, temperature, history of past consumption).
• the global control system 7 sends to the local control systems 6 a discharge instruction, (which can also be a reduced price signal energy inducing a discharge of energy) during the period concerned, determined by the local optimization algorithm of the local control system 6.
• the discharge setpoint is transmitted with sufficient notice (from 24h to a few hours) to allow the battery to be charged before the expected discharge period .
• the charge and discharge of the battery are continuously monitored by the local control system 6, regardless of the type of control and the mode of use.
• the local control system 6 determines the charge or discharge setpoint so as not to cause a disjunction of the housing during the charging phase of the battery.
• the local control system 6 defines the charge setpoint according to the instantaneous power consumed by the housing, so that the cumulative power absorbed by the household electrical appliances and the battery charging power remains below the power. subscribed housing, which is the contract power beyond which the main circuit breaker opens and cuts off power to the network.
• the local control system 6 determines the charge or discharge control so that the net energy injected into the network is negative or zero. Indeed, the energy reinjected on the network is not counted by the consumption meter 32 and can not be remunerated as would be a solar production.
• the energy stored in the battery can only be used to power the household electrical equipment housing.
• the charge or discharge control is defined so that the instantaneous power consumed by the consumer equipment 4 is always greater than the discharge power of the energy storage device 5, in order to guarantee the non-reinjection the power stored by the energy storage device 5 on the power distribution network 3.
• the charge or discharge control is adjusted periodically, on cycles of a duration typically between 1s and 60s,
• the instantaneous power injected into the network by the consumer terminal defined as the difference between the discharge power of the energy storage device 5 and the instantaneous power consumed by the consumer equipment 4, was negative or zero;
• the local control system 6 takes into account the value delivered by the production meter 22 representative of the instantaneous power produced by the local production system 2 and that delivered by the consumed energy meter 32 representative of the power consumed by the terminal 1, for determining the net energy injected into the network, the net energy injected into the network being defined as the instantaneous power produced by the local production system 2 to which the power consumed by the terminal 1 is subtracted.
• the local control system 6 defines the charge control according to the instantaneous power consumed by the housing, so that it remains at all times lower than the power consumed by the terminal since beyond the discharged energy is reinjected on the network and lost to the customer.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
• Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=55486858

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (21)

• 2015
  • 2015-12-21 FR FR1562982A patent/FR3045900B1/fr active Active
• 2016
  • 2016-12-21 WO PCT/EP2016/082165 patent/WO2017108942A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2016-12-21 US US16/063,870 patent/US11011910B2/en active Active
  • 2016-12-21 EP EP16819551.9A patent/EP3394923A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2016-12-21 CN CN201680075458.0A patent/CN108432029B/zh active Active

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